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Journal articles on the topic 'Stiffened plates'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Abdel Nasser, Yehia, Aly Aliraqi, and Bader El Din Ali. "Collision Analysis of Ship Side." Advanced Materials Research 199-200 (February 2011): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.199-200.119.

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Structural design of ships against collision requires prediction of the extent of damage to stiffened plates subjected to impact. In ship structures, stiffened plates are furnished with vertical or horizontal stiffeners to sustain conventional loads such as shearing, bending and local buckling. The consideration of collision in ship structural design is especially important for tankers where accidents may cause serious environmental pollution. In predicting the extent of collision damage, FE modeling of stiffened plates using ABAQUS software is applied to demonstrate different collision scenario. Typical stiffened plates of tankers in service with different configurations of stiffeners are used to examine absorbed energy in each case. The aim of this paper is to examine the stiffener shape that absorbs more deformation energy.
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2

Sirajudeen, Rahima Shabeen, and Alagusundaramoorthy P. "GFRP Stiffened Plate with Square Cutout under Axial and Out-of-Plane Load." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081185.

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The high-strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance properties of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites makes them potentially well-suited for application in ship structures, bridges and off-shore oil platforms. These structures are often formed by stiffened plates and are subjected to axial load and out-of-plane load. Cutouts and openings are provided in the plates for access and maintenance. The main objective of this study was to examine the buckling behavior of GFRP-stiffened composite plates with square cutouts under a combination of axial and out-of-plane load up to failure. Four blade-stiffened composite plates without a cutout and four with square cutout were fabricated with stiffeners as a continuous layup of the flange plate using glass fiber and epoxy resin. The initial geometric imperfections were measured, and plate imperfections (Δx), stiffener imperfections (Δsy) and overall imperfections (Δsx) were calculated from the measurements. All fabricated-stiffened composite plates were tested up to failure. The finite element model was developed in ANSYS software and validated with the experimental results. It was observed that GFRP-stiffened composite plates failed by stiffener compression/stiffener tension mode of failure. The presence of out-of-plane loads and cutouts reduced the axial load carrying capacity of the stiffened composite plates.
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3

Quoc, Tran Huu, and Tran Ich Thinh. "Numerical-experimental investigation on vibration and bending failure of stiffened composite plates." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 32, no. 2 (June 3, 2010): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/32/2/308.

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In this paper, free vibration and bending of laminated stiffened glass fiber/polyester composite plates with laminated open section (rectangular or T shaped) and closed section (hat shaped) of stiffeners have been studied by finite element method and experiment. A nine-noded isoparametric element with nine degrees of freedom per node is developed for the plates. The stiffener element is a three-noded isoparametric beam element with five degrees of freedom per node and the stiffeners can be positioned anywhere within the plate element. The natural frequencies of the laminated stiffened plates are determined experimentally by Dewebook device and DasyLab 7.0 software. The results calculated by computational model for above plates under different boundary conditions are in good agreement with experiments. The failure problems of these stiffened glass fiber/polyester composite plates are also investigated.
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4

Paik, Jeom Kee, Jang Young Chung, and Min Sung Chun. "On Quasi-Static Crushing of a Stiffened Square Tube." Journal of Ship Research 40, no. 03 (September 1, 1996): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1996.40.3.258.

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The aims of this study are to obtain experimental data on the crushing of stiffened square tubes, and to develop a simple analytical expression for predicting the mean crushing strength of stiffened plates making up a plated structure. A series of axial crushing tests in a quasistatic condition was carried out on thin-walled square tubes which were composed of four identical panels. Specimens with longitudinal and/or transverse stiffeners, including unstiffened specimens, were tested, varying dimensions of plate and stiffener. The effective crushing length and the mean crushing strength of the test specimens were investigated. It was concluded that a longitudinally stiffened plate could reasonably be replaced by an unstiffened plate with equivalent plate thickness. Based on this approach, a simple expression for the effective crushing length and the mean crushing strength of stiffened plates was derived.
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5

Harik, Issam E., Meiwen Guo, and Wei-Xin Ren. "Bending Analysis of Stiffened Laminated Plates." Advances in Structural Engineering 5, no. 3 (August 2002): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/136943302760228103.

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Stiffeners are commonly attached to composite laminates to achieve higher stiffness/weight and strength/weight ratios. A layer-wise finite element formulation is developed for the bending analysis of stiffened laminated plates. The laminated plate is discretized into layers in the thickness direction and then the degenerated shell elements are employed to model each layer. The stiffener is modeled using a general 3-D beam element. Interlayer continuity relations are established for all the layers in the thickness direction. The primary advantage of the proposed finite element model lies in its application to both thin and thick laminated plates. Extensive numerical examples are presented for non-stiffened isotropic plates, non-stiffened laminates, stiffened isotropic and laminated plates. Parametric studies are conducted with different aspect ratios, plate width to thickness ratios, ply orientations, and number of layers. The results agree well with the ones reported in the literature.
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6

De Queiroz, João Pedro T. P., Marcelo L. Cunha, Ana Pavlovic, Luiz Alberto O. Rocha, Elizaldo D. Dos Santos, Grégori da S. Troina, and Liércio A. Isoldi. "Geometric Evaluation of Stiffened Steel Plates Subjected to Transverse Loading for Naval and Offshore Applications." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7010007.

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This work searched for the optimal geometrical configuration of simply supported stiffened plates subjected to a transverse and uniformly distributed load. From a non-stiffened reference plate, different geometrical configurations of stiffened plates, with the same volume as the reference plate, were defined through the constructal design method. Thus, applying the exhaustive search technique and using the ANSYS software, the mechanical behaviors of all the suggested stiffened plates were compared to each other to find the geometrical configuration that provided the minimum deflection in the plate’s center when subjected to this loading. The optimum geometrical configuration of stiffeners is presented at the end of this work, allowing a reduction of 98.57% for the central deflection of the stiffened plate if compared to the reference plate. Furthermore, power equations were adjusted to describe the deflections for each combination of longitudinal and transverse stiffeners as a function of the ratio between the height and the thickness of the stiffeners. Finally, a unique equation for determining the central deflections of the studied stiffened plates based only on the number of longitudinal stiffeners without significantly losing accuracy has been proposed.
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7

Bradford, Mark A. "Buckling of longitudinally stiffened plates in bending and compression." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-095.

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The nonlinear stiffness equations that predict local and post-local buckling of plates and plate assemblies are given. These equations are validated by accurate predictions of independent test results. The elastic local buckling of longitudinally stiffened web plates in combined bending and compression is considered. Graphs which may be used to predict the optimum position of a stiffener are presented. The relationship between the area and second moment of area of a stiffener of finite dimensions that optimizes the local buckling coefficient is given for various eccentricities of end load. The post-local buckling of a longitudinally stiffened plate in uniform compression and pure bending is also considered. It is shown that the provision of a longitudinal stiffener, of proportions to enforce a node at the plate–stiffener junction, enhances significantly the postbuckling response of the plate with regard to the serviceability limit state, particularly for the case of pure bending. Key words: bending, compression, finite strips, local buckling, plates, postbuckling, stiffeners, webs.
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8

Mukherjee, Kenneth Sunil, and Tetsuya Yao. "Buckling/Elastoplastic Collapse Behavior and Strength of Continuous Tee-Bar Stiffened Plates." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 128, no. 2 (December 8, 2005): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2185131.

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The influence of residual stress distributions should be properly taken into account in the structural analysis of stiffened plates. The generally assumed residual stress distributions in the analyses often have constant values across their cross sections. This approximation is also applied to identical stiffeners that are constructed by different methods, such as rolled and built-up tee-bar stiffened plates. This paper focuses on buckling/plastic collapse behavior of rolled and built-up tee-bar stiffened plates with experimentally determined residual stress distributions in their cross sections. The structural behavior until collapse of these two types of tee-bar stiffeners is analyzed in detail, using residual stresses measured from experimental results. Various numerical modelling aspects of stiffened plated structures are briefly discussed and finally the influence of differences in residual stress distributions on buckling/plastic collapse behavior of continuous stiffened plates is studied based on selected results, using the Finite Element Method.
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9

Troina, Grégori, Marcelo Cunha, Vinícius Pinto, Luiz Rocha, Elizaldo dos Santos, Cristiano Fragassa, and Liércio Isoldi. "Computational Modeling and Constructal Design Theory Applied to the Geometric Optimization of Thin Steel Plates with Stiffeners Subjected to Uniform Transverse Load." Metals 10, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10020220.

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Stiffened thin steel plates are structures widely employed in aeronautical, civil, naval, and offshore engineering. Considering a practical application where a transverse uniform load acts on a simply supported stiffened steel plate, an approach associating computational modeling, Constructal Design method, and Exhaustive Search technique was employed aiming to minimize the central deflections of these plates. To do so, a non-stiffened plate was adopted as reference from which all studied stiffened plate’s geometries were originated by the transformation of a certain amount of steel of its thickness into longitudinal and transverse stiffeners. Different values for the stiffeners volume fraction (φ) were analyzed, representing the ratio between the volume of the stiffeners’ material and the total volume of the reference plate. Besides, the number of longitudinal (Nls) and transverse (Nts) stiffeners and the aspect ratio of stiffeners shape (hs/ts, being hs and ts, respectively, the height and thickness of stiffeners) were considered as degrees of freedom. The optimized plates were determined for all studied φ values and showed a deflection reduction of over 90% in comparison with the reference plate. Lastly, the influence of the φ parameter regarding the optimized plates was evaluated defining a configuration with the best structural performance among all analyzed cases.
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10

Dong, Chang Chun, and Wei Zhao. "Test Analysis of Stiffened T-Stub Connections." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.319.

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To investigate the effect of stiffener on the stiffness and strength of T-stubs, 3 T-stub connections without stiffeners and 6 stiffened T-stub connections with varied shape and thickness of stiffeners were tested monotonically. The load carrying capacity, relative deformations of endplates and strains on the stiffeners and endplates were measured. The load-deformation curves of the connections and load-strain curves were presented. The test results showed that the commonly used stiffeners in current Chinese practice often yield or/and buckle prematurely. And the stiffener designed by the method can meet the requirement in CECS102-2002, which demands that the stiffener should be able to force the extended portion of endplates from clamped-free boundary to plates fixed on two adjacent boundaries.
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11

Sheikh, Abdul Hamid, and Madhujit Mukhopadhyay. "Transverse Vibration of Plate Structures With Elastically Restrained Edges by the Spline/Finite Strip Method." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 115, no. 3 (July 1, 1993): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930348.

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The newly developed spline finite strip method has been applied to determine the natural frequencies of plates and stiffened plates with edged elastically restrained against translation and rotation. The stiffener has been modelled so that it can be situated anywhere within the plate strip. The formulation has been generalized in such a manner that it can handle general shaped plates and stiffeners having arbitrary orientation and eccentricity. A consistent formulation has been adopted to incorporate the contribution of the edge restraints in the structural stiffness matrix. Numerical examples as available in the literature are solved and the comparison of the results indicates good accuracy of the method. New results in the form of natural frequencies corresponding to the higher modes particularly for plates/stiffened plates with nonclassical boundaries are presented.
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12

Thinh, Tran Ich, and Tran Huu Quoc. "Analysis of stiffened laminated composite plates by finite element based on higher-order displacement theory." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 30, no. 2 (July 1, 2008): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/30/2/5623.

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In this paper, authors use a finite element model based on higher-order displacement plate theory for analysis of stiffened laminated composite plates. Transverse shear deformation is included in the formulation making the model applicable for both moderately thick and thin composite plates. The plate element used is a nine-noded isoparametric one with nine degrees of freedom at each node. The stiffness of stiffener is reflected at all nine nodes of plate element in which it is placed. Accordingly, the stiffeners can be positioned anywhere within the place element. Free vibration and deflection of stiffened laminated composite plates are carried out, and results are compared with existing analytical and other solutions.
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13

SRIVASTAVA, A. K. L., P. K. DATTA, and A. H. SHEIKH. "VIBRATION AND DYNAMIC INSTABILITY OF STIFFENED PLATES SUBJECTED TO IN-PLANE HARMONIC EDGE LOADING." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 02, no. 02 (June 2002): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455402000518.

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The vibration and dynamic instability behavior of a stiffened plate subjected to uniform in-plane edge loading is studied using finite element analysis. The method of Hill's infinite determinants is applied to analyze the dynamic instability regions. Rectangular stiffened plates possessing different boundary conditions, aspect ratios, varying mass and stiffness properties and varying number of stiffeners have been analyzed for dynamic instability. The results are obtained considering the bending displacements of the plate and the stiffener. Eccentricity of the stiffeners give rise to axial and bending displacement in the middle plane of the plate. The results show that the principal instability regions have a significant effect considering and neglecting in-plane displacements. Comparison with published results indicates good agreement.
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14

Zhang, Jing, and Xing Hua Shi. "Dynamic Response of Stiffened Plate under Underwater Contact Explosions." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1665.

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In order to study the dynamic responses of stiffened plate under underwater contact explosions, the FEM code LS-DYNA is used to discuss the problem, six different stiffened plates are included. The stiffened plate’s distortion, the size of crevasses in the numerical simulation are analyzed. The position where the maximum plastic strain appears, the effective stress and acceleration are also described. It is revealed that the deformation of stiffened plate is different with the position of the stiffener, but the stiffener can harmonize and reduce the deformation of plate, and the whole structure will be more safety when it is subjected to explosions. So the research of this paper can be help to the design of steel structure explode resistance.
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15

Thinh, Tran Ich, and Ngo Nhu Khoa. "A new finite element for free vibration analysis of stiffened composite plates." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 29, no. 4 (December 31, 2007): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/29/4/5603.

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A new 6-noded stiffened triangular plate element for the analysis of stiffened composite plates based on Mindlins deformation plate theory has been developed. The stiffened plate element is a combination of basic triangular element and bar component. The element can accommodate any number of arbitrarily oriented stiffeners and obviates the use of mesh lines along the stiffeners. Free vibration analyses of stiffened laminated plates have been carried out with this element and the results are compared with those published. The finite element results show very good matching with the experimental ones.
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16

Roberts, J. C., and G. J. White. "Experimental Results for Bending and Buckling of Rectangular Orthotropic Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Plate Structures." Marine Technology and SNAME News 36, no. 01 (January 1, 1999): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1999.36.1.22.

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Solid unstiffened, sandwich, and hat-stiffened rectangular orthotropic fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) plates were tested in uniaxial in-plane compression and out-of-plane uniform pressure. The two short edges of all plates were clamped, whereas the two long edges of the unstiffened and sandwich plates were simply supported and the same edges of the hat-stiffened plate were left free. Unstiffened plates reached global buckling at about 688 kN (155 klb); however, the plates did not collapse up to the machine load limit of 1334 kN (300 klb). Sandwich plates never reached the overall elastic buckling load; they collapsed in local buckling by face sheet delamination and core shear failure at loads of about 939 kN (211 klb). Hat-stiffened plates exhibited local buckling of the outer unsupported flanges at a load of about 356 kN (80 klb). All hat-stiffened plates collapsed under uniaxial compression due to a combination of face sheet to stiffener delamination followed by hat-stiffener local buckling at loads of about 939 kN (211 klb). The stresses and deflections due to out-of-plane uniform pressure were compared between the unstiffened, sandwich, and hat-stiffened plates from pressures of 6.895 kPa (1 psi) to 34 kPa (5 psi). With the plates under uniaxial compression and out-of-plane uniform pressure simultaneously, there was a general decrease in buckling and collapse with an increase in out-of-plane uniform pressure.
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17

Khedmati, Mohammad Reza, Khosrow Ghavami, and Mehran Rastani. "A comparative study on three different construction methods of stiffened plates-strength behaviour and ductility characteristics." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 60, no. 2 (June 2007): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672007000200019.

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Strength and ductility characteristics of non-continuously welded stiffened plates under in plane axial compression are the main focus of this research. A series of detailed numerical analyses of stiffened steel plates subjected to in plane compressive load is performed. Complete equilibrium paths are traced up to collapse for non-linear elastoplastic response of stiffened plates. Stiffened plates are selected from the deck structure of real sea-going ships and inland waterway vessels. Three different stiffener-to-plate welding procedures are considered: continuous, chain intermittent and staggered intermittent fillet welding. Special attention is paid to the finite element modeling of the fillet welds in either of welding practices. Some available tests are simulated applying finite element method.
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18

Shojaee, T., B. Mohammadi, and R. Madoliat. "Experimental and numerical investigation of stiffener effects on buckling strength of composite laminates with circular cutout." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 9 (September 23, 2019): 1141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319874101.

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In the notched structures, to achieve maximum buckling resistance in comparison with structural weight, the optimal design of a stiffener is very important. In this research, after a review of the existing literature, nonlinear buckling behavior of composite plates containing the cutout with three different designs of stringer was investigated. The considered stiffeners are planer, longitudinal, and ring types. The buckling experiments were carried out on the stiffened plates containing a circular notch. Moreover, to achieve an efficient prediction of the buckling in the stiffened laminate with the hole, a finite strip method is developed based on the Airy stress function and von Karman’s large deformation equations. Studies show that there is a good agreement between the postbuckling behaviors derived from developed finite strip method with experimental results. Fast convergence of the considered finite strip method compared with the finite element results shows its efficiency for prediction of buckling behavior in laminated composites. The results show that the buckling load-bearing capacities of perforated plates with a longitudinal and planer stiffener are higher compared with the other stiffener, respectively. The detailed parametric study on the effects of thickness of the plate and stiffener and opening diameter on buckling behavior was performed using experiments and modeling.
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19

Alfouneh, Mahmoud, and Li Yong Tong. "Topological Design of Stiffener for Static Bending of Stiffened and Sandwiched Plates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 846 (July 2016): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.846.541.

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This paper presents a 2.5D moving iso-surface threshold (MIST) approach for findingtopological configurations of stiffeners for stiffened and sandwiched plates subjected to staticbending load. In this 2.5D MIST approach, (a) 3D elements are used to discretize a continuum intomulti-layered finite element model with either one or two surface layers of elements as non-designdomain; (b) the 3D non-surface elements, collocated in the thickness direction, are grouped togetherand used to define one amalgamated physical response function for each series of elements in a 2Ddesign domain; (c) optimum designs on the layout of stiffeners attached to a panel or sandwichedbetween two panels are obtained using MIST from the grouped 3D elements. Several numericalexamples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in designingpractical stiffener topology. By using representative volume element and repetitive boundaryconditions as well as loading combinations, designs of stiffener are obtained for selected stiffenedand sandwiched plates under chosen static loading.
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20

Chong Jin Won. "Stiffened plates with arbitrarily oblique stiffeners." International Journal of Solids and Structures 26, no. 7 (1990): 779–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(90)90007-i.

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21

Masaoka, Koji, and Alaa Mansour. "Compressive Strength of Stiffened Plates With Imperfections: Simple Design Equations." Journal of Ship Research 52, no. 03 (September 1, 2008): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2008.52.3.227.

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The behavior and ultimate compressive strength of stiffened plates with imperfections have been investigated in this paper using a nonlinear finite element method. The imperfections considered consisted of initial deflection and residual stresses. Several types of initial deflections were investigated, including those that may initiate stiffener column buckling and stiffener tripping. Extensive parametric study was conducted in order to systematically determine the impact of these initial imperfections on the ultimate compressive strength of stiffened plates of various geometric properties and stiffener shapes. The objective of the study was to develop simple design equations for determining ultimate strength based on finite element parametric study. The developed algebraic equations reflect the impact of imperfections on ultimate strength. A Perry-Robertson type equation was developed to incorporate the influence of the imperfections. It was found that under certain conditions a hybrid type mode of failure was necessary to accurately represent the behavior of stiffened plates with imperfections, in addition to the usual plate and stiffener failure modes. It was also found that column buckling type initial deflection is the most important form of imperfection.
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22

Hatzidakis, Nicholas, and Michael M. Bernitsas. "Comparative Design of Orthogonally Stiffened Plates for Production and Structural Integrity—Part 2: Shape Optimization." Journal of Ship Production 10, no. 03 (August 1, 1994): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1994.10.3.156.

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To improve the optimal stiffened plates obtained by size optimization in Part 1 of this work, shape optimization is performed. Plate thickness, standardized beam cross sections, and beam spacing are used as discrete design variables. Three different optimality criteria are used for each stiffened plate configuration to produce one weight optimum, one work content optimum, and one total cost optimum structure. Structural, geometric, and producibility constraints are imposed. The former include limits on secondary and tertiary bending stresses, and buckling loads due to primary stresses. Geometric constraints are imposed by symmetry, the requirement for equally spaced stiffeners, and to maintain the basic characteristics of each stiffened panel. Producibility constraints are dictated by standardization in shipyard practice. Configuration 3 is excluded from the shape optimization analysis because its unequal longitudinal stiffener spacing makes its geometry unique. The overall optimum structure for each optimality criterion is identified. Finally, the effect of structural volume on the lifetime cost of the structure due to loss of cargo capacity is assessed.
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23

Ma, Niu-Jing, Li-Xiong Gu, and Long Piao. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response of Elastically Supported Stiffened Plates with Initial Stresses and Geometric Imperfections Under Impact Loads." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 04 (April 2020): 2050053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420500534.

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This paper deals with the nonlinear dynamic response of elastically supported stiffened plates with initial stresses under impact loads. A stiffened plate is assumed to be composed of a plate with some stiffeners, which are treated separately. The plate is modeled by the thin plate theory, whereas the stiffeners are considered as geometrically nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beams. First, the equations of both the kinetic energies and strain energies of the plate and stiffeners are established. Then, the dynamic equilibrium equations for the stiffened plate are derived as the Lagrange’s equation of the functional. A parametric analysis is performed to evaluate how initial stresses, initial geometric imperfections, elastic supports, impact loads and configuration of stiffeners affect the time-history responses of the stiffened plates. Some useful nonlinear dynamic properties are obtained, which serve as references for engineering design and application.
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24

Li, Chenfeng, Sen Dong, Tingce Wang, Weijun Xu, and Xueqian Zhou. "Numerical Investigation on Ultimate Compressive Strength of Welded Stiffened Plates Built by Steel Grades of S235–S390." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (May 21, 2019): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9102088.

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The welded stiffened plate is widely used in naval architecture and offshore engineering as a basic structural member. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of welding residual stress and steel grade on the ultimate strength of stiffened plates under uniaxial compressive load by non-linear finite element analysis. Nineteen stiffened plates built with three types of stiffeners with various column slenderness ratios provided in the ISSC’2000 VI.2 benchmark calculations are employed in the present study. The commercial finite element code ABAQUS is applied to simulate the collapse behavior of the stiffened plates and verified against the benchmark calculations. Fabrication-related imperfections, such as initial deflections and residual stresses, are accounted for in the simulations. The ultimate strength of stiffened plates built in common shipbuilding steels, namely S235, S315, S355 and S390, are investigated by varying the yield strength of materials in the simulation. Analysis of the numerical results shows that the welding residual stress reduces the ultimate strength of stiffened plates, and increase in yield strength of the material can effectively improve the ultimate strength of common ship stiffened plates; and quantitative analyses of their influences have also been performed.
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25

Dung, Dao Van, and Nguyen Thi Nga. "Nonlinear analysis of stability for imperfect eccentrically stiffened FGM plates under mechanical and thermal loads based on FSDT. Part 1: Governing equations establishment." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 37, no. 3 (August 25, 2015): 187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/37/3/5884.

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In this paper, the buckling and post-buckling behaviors of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded material (ES-FGM) plates on elastic foundations subjected to in-plane compressive loads or thermal loads are investigated by an analytical solution. The novelty of this work is that FGM plates are reinforced by FGM stiffeners and the temperature, stiffener, foundation are considered. The first-order shear deformation plate theory is used. The thermal elements of plate and stiffeners in fundamental equations are introduced. Theoretical formulations based on the smeared stiffeners technique and the first-order shear deformation plate theory, are derived. The analytical expressions to determine the static critical buckling load and post-buckling load-deflection curves are obtained.
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26

Li, Wei, Yingbin Chai, Xiangyu You, and Qifan Zhang. "An Edge-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method for Analyzing Stiffened Plates." International Journal of Computational Methods 16, no. 06 (May 27, 2019): 1840031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876218400315.

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In this paper, an edge-based smoothed finite element method with the discrete shear gap using triangular elements (ES-DSG3) is presented for static, free vibration and sound radiation analyses of plates stiffened by eccentric and concentric stiffeners. In the present model, the ES-DSG3 for the plate element with the isoparametric thick-beam element is employed to formulate stiffened plate structures. The deflections and rotations of the plates and the stiffeners are connected at tying positions. By using Rayleigh integral, sound radiation of stiffened plates subjected to a point load can be obtained. The edge-based gradient smoothing technique is employed to perform the related numerical integrations over the edge-based smoothing domains. Compared with the original DSG3 model, the present ES-DSG3 model is relatively softer as a result of the edge-based gradient smoothing technique. From several numerical examples, it is observed that the ES-DSG3 can produce more accurate numerical solutions than the original DSG3 for stiffened plates.
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27

Zhu, Ji Hua, Liang Liang Wei, Wen Ting Wu, Feng Xing, and Ran Feng. "Experimental Study of Concrete Strengthened by Stiffened Aluminum Plate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 997–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.997.

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A noval concrete structure strengthening technique which employs aluminum alloy plate of stiffened sections was presented. Aluminum plate width, stiffener number and height were considered for bond performance investigations. Based on the simlple shear test, three types of failure mode were observed in this study. Test results indicates that the couple effect of aluminum width and stiffener number is more remarkable than stiffener height for strengthening behaviour. A set of comparison over the behaviour of aluminum laminate were carried out among EBR, NSM and stiffened plates. It shows that the siffened plates can be used sucessfully in concrete strengthening.
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Zhang, Min, Zhijie Zhu, Yang Zeng, Jingxi Liu, and Zhiqiang Hu. "Analytical Method for Evaluating the Impact Response of Stiffeners in a Ship Side Shell Subjected to Bulbous Bow Collision." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5025438.

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This paper addresses a simplified analytical method for evaluating the impact responses of the stiffeners in a ship side shell subjected to head-on collision by a bulbous bow. The stiffeners are classified as the “central stiffener” and the “lateral stiffener” according to their relative position to the bulbous bow. In analytical predictions, it is assumed that the flexural bending of the central stiffener and plate occurs simultaneously. However, the deformation mode of the central stiffener outside the indenter contact region is simplified as linear to derive its deformation resistance. The curved deformation mode of the lateral stiffener is proposed to calculate the deformation resistance and to consider the interaction effect with the plate, which can cause the plate to fracture earlier. Model tests with three specimens (one unstiffened plate for reference and two stiffened plates) quasistatically punched by a conical indenter are performed to validate the proposed analytical method. Resistance-penetration curves and damage shapes for the three specimens are obtained. The experimental results illustrate the effects of the stiffeners on the deformation resistance and fracture initiation of the stiffened plate and the influence of stiffener tripping on the lateral resistance. Moreover, the experimental and analytical predicted results correspond well, suggesting that the proposed analytical method can accurately predict the crashworthiness of a ship side shell subjected to bulbous bow collision.
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29

Nguyen, Hoang-Nam, Tran Cong Tan, Doan Trac Luat, Van-Duc Phan, Do Van Thom, and Phung Van Minh. "Research on the Buckling Behavior of Functionally Graded Plates with Stiffeners Based on the Third-Order Shear Deformation Theory." Materials 12, no. 8 (April 17, 2019): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12081262.

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This paper presents a finite element formulation to study the mechanical buckling of stiffened functionally graded material (FGM) plates. The approach is based on a third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) introduced by Guangyu Shi. The material properties of the plate were assumed to be varied in the thickness direction by a power law distribution, but the material of the stiffener was the same as that of the one of the bottom surface where the stiffener was placed. A parametric study was carried out to highlight the effect of material distribution, the thickness-to-width ratio, and stiffener parameters on the buckling characteristics of the stiffened FGM plates. Numerical results showed that the addition of stiffener to the FGM plate could significantly reduce the weight of the FGM plate but that both the FGM plates with and without stiffener had equally high strength in the same boundary condition and compression loading.
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30

Yuan, Guo-qing, and Wei-Kang Jiang. "Vibration analysis of stiffened multi-plate structure based on a modified variational principle." Journal of Vibration and Control 23, no. 17 (December 21, 2015): 2767–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546315621855.

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In order to study the vibration characteristics of flow-induced open cavity structures, the dynamic model of stiffened multi-plate is established. The first-order shear deformable plate theory and the Timoshenko beam theory are used to model the displacement fields of isotropic plates and stiffeners, respectively. A modified variational principle combined with a multi-segment partitioning procedure is employed to formulate the discretized equations of motion. The stiffeners are considered as discrete elements, and the energy contributions are included into the system energy functional by using the displacement compatibility conditions. The displacement and rotation components of each plate segment are expanded by a duplicate series of Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials of first kind. The convergence and accuracy of the present results for isotropic stiffened plates with different boundary conditions have been validated using comparisons with the published data and those obtained from the finite element analyses. Free vibration and dynamic responses of stiffened multi-plates with either longitudinal or orthogonally oriented stiffeners are discussed. The mathematical model and methodology presented in this paper may be used as an appropriate numerical tool in the analysis and design of stiffened multi-plate structures.
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31

Nam, Vu Hoai, Dang Thuy Dong, Nguyen Thi Phuong, and Ho Duc Tuan. "Nonlinear thermo-mechanical stability of multilayer-FG plates reinforced by orthogonal and oblique stiffeners according to FSDT." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 11 (February 24, 2019): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684419831650.

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This paper presents an analytical approach to investigate the nonlinear stability of multilayer-functionally graded plates stiffened by orthogonal and/or oblique functionally graded stiffeners subjected to axial compression and/or thermal load. The equilibrium equation system is established by using the first-order shear deformation plate theory taking into account the plate–foundation interaction, geometrical nonlinearity in von Kármán sense and initial geometrical imperfection. An improved Lekhnitskii’s smeared stiffener technique is applied for oblique stiffeners with thermal terms and shear deformation of stiffeners. The governing equations are solved by Galerkin procedure to obtain the explicit expressions of buckling loads and postbuckling load–deflection curves. Results show the effects of material and geometrical properties, boundary conditions, elastic foundation parameters and initial imperfection on the buckling and postbuckling load-carrying capacity of plates.
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32

Díaz, Héctor, Eduardo Nuñez, and Claudio Oyarzo-Vera. "Monotonic Response of Exposed Base Plates of Columns: Numerical Study and a New Design Method." Metals 10, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10030396.

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This paper describes a numerical study of the behavior of exposed base plates of columns under the action of axial and bending loads. The aim of this research is to evaluate numerically the failure mechanisms on stiffened and non-stiffened base plates and propose a new design method. The effects of base plate thickness, location of anchor rods, location of stiffeners and tensile strength of anchor rods were considered in the analysis. Sixteen finite elements simulations were performed considering different combinations of the above mentioned parameters. The results show a fragile response in the base plates when high resistance anchor rods are used. The anchor rods worked as fuse elements in base plates with a large thickness or many stiffeners. Additionally, the models with anchor bars located outside of the column flanges showed lower flexural strength and rotational stiffness compared to the models with anchor rods located between column flanges. The simulations showed that the base plate strength was determined by the simultaneous failure mechanisms of two or more components, different to what is stated in current design guides. Finally, the new method is suitable to design base plates with stiffened and not stiffened configurations, which unlike traditional design methods, show a good adjustment with numerical models.
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33

Thanga, Tharani, K. S. Sivakumaran, and Bassam Halabieh. "Stiffened plates of rectangular industrial ducts." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 40, no. 4 (April 2013): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2012-0470.

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This paper deals with the design of steel plate elements of rectangular industrial ducts. Because of the practical aspect ratios and the stiffener arrangements, such a plate element is often treated as a long plate (one way slab), fixed supported at the edges and subjected to transverse pressure. The design pressure and the deflection limit determine the plate thickness and the stiffener spacing. Current design practice considers the geometrical nonlinearity, however, uses the strength criterion of first yield. This investigation postulates that consideration of partial yielding of the plate may result in an economical design option, while meeting the serviceability criterion. The study is based on nonlinear finite element analyses of long plates subjected to increasing transverse pressure. Dimensionless parameters that characterize the behavior of such plates were identified and varied in a parametric study. Based on these analyses, design equations have been established for plate thickness and for stiffener spacing corresponding to three different scenarios namely; 0%, 16.5%, and 33% of through thickness partial yielding of the plate. Results show that allowing for 16.5% yielding results in 50% increase in stiffener spacing, at the expense of about 40% increase in deflections. Partially yielding plates can satisfy the serviceability limits states and can lead to economical stiffened plate systems for large rectangular industrial ducts.
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34

ISANAKA, Bhargav Reddy ISANAKA, Abdul Akbar M, and Vinod KUSHVAHA. "Static Analysis of Thin Plates: Bare and Stiffened." INCAS BULLETIN 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2020.12.1.7.

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Plates are being widely used for many structural applications such as aerospace, civil, electronic devices and marine industries etc. For these applications, it is important to know the plate behaviour under static loading condition. The present study focuses on filling the existing gap in the literature in order to know the plate behaviour of different geometrical shapes before and after adding the stiffener. A total of eight geometries namely circular, square, rectangular (with aspect ratio of 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75) and skew square (with 70o, 76.67o and 83.33o skew angles) were considered. Static analysis of considered geometries was carried out by using FEAST (a Finite Element software). To enable comparison of plates, three parameters namely the area of plates, starting point of the stiffener and curvature of the stiffener were kept constant. From the static analysis results, the effect of the curvilinear stiffener on different geometrical shapes, effect of aspect ratio on rectangular plates and effect of skew angle on skew square plates were given. The displacement of plates reduced significantly after adding the curvilinear stiffener to the bare plates and the stiffener was most effective in the case of circular plate. In the present study, the effect of aspect ratio and skew angle on static behaviour of bare and stiffened plates was also studied and discussed.
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35

Wang, Wei Yuan, Yuan Yuan Li, and Ping Wang. "Mechanical Analysis for Thin-Walled Stiffened Plates on the Base of Plants Venations Growth Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 541-542 (March 2014): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.541-542.299.

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The reinforced shin shell structures are widely used in many fields such as mechanical, architecture, aerospace and shipbuilding, etc. The leaf can be seen as shin plate structures with stiffener (vein) and the venation distributions are closed related to the external environment load. Leaf venation growing algorithm is the abstract description of vein growing process and reflects an ideological of learning from nature. This article concerns the mechanical analysis for thin-walled stiffened plates, which consist of static mechanical behavior and dynamic performance. Numerical method is used to analyze three types of plants: non-stiffened plate, traditional stiffened plate and stiffened plate optimized by leaf venations growth algorithm (VGA) method. The calculation results proved that the VGA stiffened plate has better mechanical performances than traditional method and illustrated the effectiveness of the bionic venations layout method for stiffened structures.
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Liu, Yucheng, and Qingkui Wang. "Strengthening effects of stiffeners on arbitrarily stiffened plates and regularly stiffened plates subject to biaxial stress." Thin-Walled Structures 68 (July 2013): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2013.02.013.

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37

Dang-Trung, H., H. Luong-Van, T. Nguyen-Thoi, and K. K. Ang. "Analyses of Stiffened Plates Resting on Viscoelastic Foundation Subjected to a Moving Load by a Cell-Based Smoothed Triangular Plate Element." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 17, no. 01 (January 2017): 1750011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455417500110.

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A cell-based smoothed three-node Mindlin plate element (CS-MIN3) based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) was recently proposed for static and dynamic analyses of Mindlin plates. The CS-MIN3 overcomes shear-locking phenomena and has a faster convergence compared with the original MIN3. In addition, the CS-MIN3 uses only three-node triangular elements that can be easily generated automatically for arbitrary complicated geometric domains. This paper extends the CS-MIN3 by integrating itself with the Timoshenko beam element to give a new stiffened plate element for static, free vibration and dynamic responses of stiffened plates resting on viscoelastic foundation subjected to a moving load. The viscoelastic foundation is modeled by discrete springs and dampers, and the displacement compatible condition between the plate and the stiffener is imposed. Some benchmark numerical examples were performed to illustrate the good agreement of the CS-MIN3 results with those by other methods in the literature to illustrate its accuracy and reliability. In addition, some new numerical examples that consider the effects of stiffeners on the behaviors of plate resting on viscoelastic foundation are conducted. The results demonstrate the expected properties in which the deflection of the stiffened plate resting on viscoelastic foundation can be reduced significantly.
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38

Wang, Wei Yuan, Yuan Yuan Li, and Hai Sheng Shu. "Sound Insulation Property of Bionic Thin-Walled Stiffened Plate Based on Plants Venations Growth Mechanism." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 20 (June 2014): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.20.35.

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The leaf can be seen as shin plate structures with stiffener(vein) and the venation distributions are closed related to the external environment load. Leaf venation growing algorithm (VGA) is the abstract description of vein growing process and reflects an ideological of learning from nature. This article concerns the sound insulation property of thin-walled stiffened plates. Numerical method is used to analyze three types of plants: non-stiffened plate, traditional stiffened plate and VGA stiffened plate. The VGA stiffened plate optimized by leaf venations growth algorithm method can reflect the influence of venations layout structure on the noise reduction performance of forest belts. The computational model of sound transmission through a stiffened plate excited by a harmonic oblique incident plane wave and mounted in an infinite baffle using the coupled finite element/boundary element approach is presented. The proposed model also takes the acoustic fluid- structure coupling into account. The results show that the sound transmission losses are closely dependent on the natural frequency. The sound transmission losses of bionic thin-walled stiffened plate are 0.17-2.45dB more than that of traditional stiffened plate in the range of 900-2000Hz. It indicated that the layout of stiffeners is an influence factor for noise reduction for plate structures, just like that of vein layout for tree belts. There is a certain merit to use the method of bionic plant leaves for acoustic optimization.
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39

ZENG, HUAN, and CHARLES W. BERT. "FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF DISCRETELY STIFFENED SKEW PLATES." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 01, no. 01 (March 2001): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455401000032.

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Stiffened skew plates find application in various engineering fields. The free vibration characteristics of such plates have been studied by various methods. An orthogonally stiffened skew plate is a skew plate with stiffeners running orthogonal to two opposite edges. To the best knowledge of the present investigators, no previous work has been done for free vibration characteristics of skew plates of such stiffening geometry. The present work studies the free vibration of such plates. The pb-2 Rayleigh–Ritz method was employed due to its accuracy and computational efficiency. The conventional finite element method was also used as a comparative check. A convergence study was first performed for various boundary conditions. Then the vibration of orthogonally stiffened skew plates with different boundary conditions was studied. Close agreement was found between these two methods. The variations of natural frequencies with different parameters, including skew angle ϕ, edge ratio b/a, and height-thickness ratio f/h, were investigated for three types of boundary conditions.
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40

Zhu, Xiang, Gong Yu Xiao, Tian Yun Li, and Xiao Fang Hu. "Vibrational Power Flow Analysis of Stiffened Plate and Shell Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 1897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.1897.

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In this paper, the vibration and power flow characteristics of stiffened plate and cylindrical shell structures are investigated by using finite element method. The power flow formulas of basic shell structural elements are given at first. Then a simply supported plate and stiffened plate’s input power flow characteristics and power flow vectors are investigated. The effects of stiffeners in plates are discussed. For a simply supported cylindrical shell, the influence of the structural damping, viscous damper and stiffeners on the cylindrical shell’s input power flow characteristics and propagated power flow characteristics are discussed in detail. The power flow vectors are visualized to reveal the distribution of energy in the shell structures. Some useful conclusions are drown and helpful for the vibration control of plate and shell structures.
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41

Wadee, M. Ahmer, and Maryam Farsi. "Cellular buckling in stiffened plates." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2168 (August 8, 2014): 20140094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0094.

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An analytical model based on variational principles for a thin-walled stiffened plate subjected to axial compression is presented. A system of nonlinear differential and integral equations is derived and solved using numerical continuation. The results show that the system is susceptible to highly unstable local–global mode interaction after an initial instability is triggered. Moreover, snap-backs in the response showing sequential destabilization and restabilization, known as cellular buckling or snaking, arise. The analytical model is compared with static finite element (FE) models for joint conditions between the stiffener and the main plate that have significant rotational restraint. However, it is known from previous studies that the behaviour, where the same joint is insignificantly restrained rotationally, is captured better by an analytical approach than by standard FE methods; the latter being unable to capture cellular buckling behaviour even though the phenomenon is clearly observed in laboratory experiments.
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42

Li, Long-yuan, and Peter Bettess. "Buckling of stiffened plates and design of stiffeners." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 74, no. 3 (December 1997): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-0161(97)00072-0.

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43

Ibeabuchi, V. T., O. M. Ibearugbulem, C. Ezeah, and O. O. Ugwu. "Elastic Buckling Analysis of Uniaxially Compressed CCCC Stiffened Isotropic Plates." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijame-2020-0051.

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AbstractThis paper reports a research study that investigated buckling of stiffened rectangular isotropic plates elastically restrained along all the edges (CCCC) under uniaxial in-plane load, using the work principle approach. The stiffeners were assumed to be rigidly connected to the plate. Analyses for critical buckling of stiffened plates were carried out by varying parameters, such as the number of stiffeners, stiffness properties and aspect ratios. The study involved a theoretical derivation of a peculiar shape function by applying the boundary conditions of the plate on Taylor Maclaurin’s displacement function and substituted on buckling equation derived to obtain buckling solutions. The present solutions were validated using a trigonometric function in the energy method from previous works. Coefficients, K, were compared for various numbers of stiffeners and the maximum percentage difference obtained within the range of aspect ratios of 1.0 to 2.0 is shown in Figs 2 - 7. A number of numerical examples were presented to demonstrate the accuracy and convergence of the current solutions.
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44

Srivastava, A. K. L., S. R. Pandey, and A. Kumar. "Dynamical Analysis of Stiffened Plates under Patch Loading." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijame-2013-0032.

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The vibration characteristics of stiffened plates with cutouts subjected to in-plane partial edge loadings at one end at the plate boundaries are studied using the finite element method. Buckling loads and vibration frequencies are determined for different cutout ratios and extent of partial edge loading at one end. In the structural modelling, the plate and the stiffeners are treated as separate elements where the compatibility between these two types of elements is maintained. The main elegance of the formulation lies in the treatment of the stiffeners. The stiffeners can be placed anywhere within the plate element, and need not be placed on the nodal lines. The vibration characteristics are discussed and the results are compared with those available in the literature. Numerical results are presented for a range of cutout to plate size from 0 to 0.8.
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45

Cong, Pham Hong, Pham Thi Ngoc An, and Nguyen Dinh Duc. "Nonlinear stability of shear deformable eccentrically stiffened functionally graded plates on elastic foundations with temperature-dependent properties." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0225.

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AbstractThis article investigates the nonlinear stability of eccentrically stiffened moderately thick plates made of functionally graded materials (FGM) subjected to in-plane compressive, thermo-mechanical loads. The equilibrium and compatibility equations for the moderately thick plates are derived by using the first-order shear deformation theory of plates, taking into account both the geometrical nonlinearity in the von Karman sense and initial geometrical imperfections, temperature-dependent properties with Pasternak type elastic foundations. By applying the Galerkin method and using a stress function, the effects of material and geometrical properties, temperature-dependent material properties, elastic foundations, boundary conditions, and eccentric stiffeners on the buckling and post-buckling loading capacity of the eccentrically stiffened moderately thick FGM plates in thermal environments are analyzed and discussed.
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46

McGrattan, R. J. "Weight and Cost Optimization of Hydrostatically Loaded Stiffened Flat Plates." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 107, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3264408.

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Plates with longitudinal or orthogonal tee-stiffeners subjected to differential pressure are used in many structures. Equations to achieve minimum weight and cost are presented. Energy methods and plate gridwork theory are used. The accuracy of the technique is verified for typical designs by excellent comparison with stresses calculated by finite-element analysis. Minimum weight and cost studies using an optimization program are presented. Numerous small stiffeners minimize weight, whereas fewer, large stiffeners minimize cost. Fifteen independent structural variables are used for orthogonally stiffened plates. Stress, deflection, stability, and minimum thickness constraints are applied. Rapid optimum designs are achieved economically.
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47

Sinha, G., and M. Mukhopadhyay. "Transient Dynamic Response of Arbitrary Stiffened Shells by the Finite Element Method." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2873855.

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Stiffened plates and shells often find wide application in bridge engineering, aircraft, ship and allied industries owing to its high strength to weight ratios. They are often subjected to dynamic loading such as air blast loading, for which detailed dynamic analysis is required to study the structure under these conditions. In the present approach, the dynamic response of stiffened plates and shells has been investigated by the finite element method employing a high precision arbitrary-shaped triangular shell element in which stiffeners may lie in any arbitrary direction within the element. This provides greater flexibility in the mesh generation. The governing undamped equations of motion have been solved by Newmark’s method for direct time integration. The dynamic response of plates and shells with or without stiffeners, subjected to different kinds of load-history have been studied and results are compared with the published analytical results.
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48

Mukhopadhyay, M. "Stiffened plates in bending." Computers & Structures 50, no. 4 (February 1994): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(94)90024-8.

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49

Badran, Sherif Farouk, Ashraf O. Nassef, and Sayed M. Metwalli. "A Comparison of Buckling Strength of Y and T Stiffeners in Ship Plating." Marine Technology and SNAME News 45, no. 03 (July 1, 2008): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2008.45.3.125.

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One aim of naval architects is to design structures that are strong enough and capable of absorbing impact energy. Therefore, ship plates are stiffened using different stiffeners to withstand compressive and other loads resulting from loads due to collisions, stranding, or grounding. There are also uniform stresses that are most typically induced in deck or bottom flange by longitudinal hull girder bending. In this paper, the T stiffener that has been widely used in shipbuilding and the Y stiffener that is starting to be used in inland waterway tankers in The Netherlands are considered. The aim of this paper is to compare the buckling strength of the T and Y stiffeners in combination with the effective width of ship plating under the action of uniformly distributed compressive loads. Two different groups of boundary conditions are considered for both T and Y stiffeners, and the elastic buckling coefficient is obtained and then the critical buckling loads are calculated. The obtained results showed that the critical buckling loads for Y stiffener are larger than that for equivalent T stiffener by about 40% for the first group of boundary conditions. The second group showed that the Y stiffener plate combination is five times stronger in compression than the equivalent T stiffener plate combination.
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50

Gunay, E., C. Aygun, and Y. O. Yıldız. "Nonlinear Buckling Finite Element Analysis of Stiffened Steel Plates." Advanced Materials Research 699 (May 2013): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.450.

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In this paper, thin rectangular steel plates with stiffeners are examined under compressive loading. Consequently, nonlinear buckling finite element analysis (FEA) solutions are obtained by using ANSYS®. The local and global buckling patterns of stiffened steel plate geometries with simply supported boundary conditions are generated and critical buckling stresses are studied. Geometrically nonlinear buckling analyses are compared in order to evaluate the distributions of compressive stresses versus in-plane contractions and compressive stresses versus out-of plane deflections. Hence, it is concluded that there are critical load intervals. It is also observed that for critical loads, segments between stiffeners may switch from stable to unstable configurations under compressive stresses.
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