Dissertations / Theses: 'Stigma equity mental health'

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McCarthy, Anna. "Us and Them : The mental health impacts of LGBTQ discrimination within the COVID 19 pandemic." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104102.

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The mental health impacts of LGBTQ discrimination during the Covid 19pandemic have been severe. "We find that LGBT adults have experienced thepandemic differently than non-LGBT people in some key domains including withrespect to their risk of COVID-19, mental health, employment loss, vaccine attitudes,and willingness to engage in risk-reduction behavior such as social distancing(Dawson).” Additional help is necessary to manage resources for this group at a timewhen their voice isn’t as strong. Another example of a historical pandemic is the influenza pandemic thatoccurred after World War 1. These pandemics changed history, and the way that wethink and operate as a society. The COVID19 virus especially has changed the world.Some examples of how COVID has changed the world include school closures andlimitations on access to healthcare. The LGBTQIA community especially has struggled with access to equitablehealthcare. "In 31 states there is still no employment discrimination protection fortransgender people. private businesses and individuals continue to discriminateagainst same-sex couples. In Colorado, 41% of LGBQ people and 75% of transgenderpeople report needing to educate their health care providers on LGBTQ-specifichealth needs(McAfee).” The mental healthcare system has oppressed LGBTQIApeople. I wish to provide a contribution to a community where marginalizedcommunities are encouraged to gain social justice. By social justice I meanopportunities and privileges distributed equally within a society. They will gainsocial justice by disrupting systems that abuse oppressed marginalized folks. Thisincludes systems like systemic racism, ableism, sexism, and heterosexism andhomophobia. Institutions such as government, culture, and education reinforce thisoppression. These systems are hurtful and repeated by the mental health system.

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Lim, Alice. "Addressing Mental Health Stigma in Korean Americans: Culturally Adapted Anti-Stigma Psychoeducation." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1522074362520226.

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Speredelozzi, Alex. "Beyond shame and stigma| The disclosure of mental illness." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1553603.

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This paper, written in journalistic style, discusses the disclosure of mental illness and its relation to stigma and discrimination. It consists of two magazine length articles. The first article (designated as Chapter I) is about the personal disclosure of mental illness by mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and others who have experienced mental illness themselves. This article discusses the extent of mental illness among professionals, the reasons professionals often remain silent, the risks and benefits of disclosing, and the complexity involved in revealing mental illness. The second article (designated as Chapter I) discusses disclosure as it pertains to all people who have mental illness. This article discusses disclosure and its relationship to stigma and discrimination, why stigma exists and persists, the disclosure of mental illness on the job, and the role of work in stigma reduction and recovery.

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Peterson, Kristina Conkright. "The Effect of the Type of Mental Disorder on Mental Health Stigma." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2342.

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Mental health stigma is an important topic as it has an influence on the care clients receive, as well as resources allocated by society. Previous research has primarily investigated the topic of stigma associated with schizophrenia and various factors that may influence the endorsement of stigmatizing beliefs. Few studies have investigated whether the type of mental disorder has an influence on the level of stigma. The current study evaluated the difference in the level of stereotypes endorsed across three conditions: schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and a typical person. Additionally, this study evaluated the reliability of using a global stereotype score obtained from summing the responses of the Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-27). The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference in the level of global stereotype scores across the three conditions and that a global stereotype score from the AQ-27 is reliable.

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Shen, Liying. "Stigma Against Mental Illness and Cerebral Palsy in China." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27201730.

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This dissertation examines the stigmatization of two health conditions: mental disability and physical disability in the context of China. In particular, it addresses two main themes: the processes and impacts of stigma, and the variables that moderate the association of stigma with social attributes. The first paper applied a qualitative approach to identify the sources of burdens of raising a child with cerebral palsy in China and how stigma and “face” as a cultural factor affect children with cerebral palsy and their families. The findings showed that families with children of cerebral palsy report tremendous financial burdens, insufficient educational and medical services, as well as discrimination among family members and communities. An overwhelming majority of caregivers reported to have had the feeling of “loss of face,” while family members considered the child with cerebral palsy as “useless” and “burdensome.” Their common remarks o “send away the child to orphanage” and “give another birth to a normal child”, reinforced caregivers’ feeling of helplessness, and put many family relationships to an end. The second and third papers on stigma and mental illness studied the underlying social determinants of public stigma and the variations in the general public’s attitudes and reactions toward people with mental illness. Using a population-based stratified sample of 3703 adults from the Stigma in Global Context-Mental Health Study, paper II investigated social attributes, stigma, and the links between them. Paper III assessed how demographics and geographical location structured public perceptions and reactions towards people with mental illness. Findings from paper II indicated that Chinese are less willing to interact with people with depression and schizophrenia than those with a physical illness. Depressive disorders had more rejections than schizophrenia in this study. Age, education, and place of residence among respondents had significant association with public stigma. The label of “mental illness” and perception of dangerousness had significant negative association on social stigma. Findings from paper III indicated that social distance had a significant association with regional context, which suggests that public stigma exists at larger cultural levels. Our findings help inform specific factors in the pursuit of tackling structural discrimination.

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Chisholm, Katharine. "Mental health in adolescents : stigma, literacy, and intergroup contact." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5016/.

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Over half of all lifetime mental disorders have their origin in childhood and adolescence, yet many adolescents fail to receive adequate mental health support. Two factors which present barriers to seeking help for mental illness are stigma and a lack of knowledge. Within adult literature, contact with individuals who experience living with a mental illness (intergroup contact) has been successful in improving these. 1109 adolescents took part in a survey which investigated stigma, knowledge, and mental health. Group interviews were conducted to develop an understanding of how adolescents conceptualise mental health. Results from these studies informed the development of a school-based intervention for 11-13 year olds evaluating the use of contact combined with education in a randomised controlled trial. Results were conflicting regarding the use of contact as a means to reduce stigma and promote knowledge and mental health. Contact occurring in naturalistic settings was related to lower stigma and higher knowledge levels. In contrast, the structured contact which took place as part of the intervention was found to significantly reduce impact. Intervention in adolescent populations aiming to reduce stigma, increase knowledge, and promote mental health is needed. Caution is needed regarding the use of contact in adolescent populations.

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Gary, Katharine Marie Gary. "Sexual Stigma and Mental Health: A Stress Process Approach." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1528550901560843.

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Salgado, Crystal. "Assessing Mental Health Stigma Between Rural and Urban Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624211.

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Class of 2017 Abstract
Objectives: To explore whether rural pharmacists express more stigmatized attitudes towards patients with psychiatric disorders, compared to their urban counterparts. Methods: Data was collected from participants attending the AzPA Southwestern Clinical Pharmacy Seminar during a weekend in February, 2015, using a questionnaire adapted from the Mental Illness: Clinicians’ Attitudes (MICA) Scale v4. The questionnaire consisted of demographic and attitude assessment questions regarding patients suffering from psychiatric disorders across different domains (quality of life, fear of patients, admitting to having a psychiatric disorder, and more). Participants were also asked if they would be interested in taking a continuing education course on mental health. Results: The majority of participants that completed the study were women (75%) and identified racially as white (89%). Pharmacists practice settings were as follows: 79% of pharmacists worked in urban areas and 21% in rural areas. Rural pharmacists displayed significantly higher rates of stigmatized attitudes compared to their urban peers (mean scale score 37.65 vs. 40.15, p=0.049). Conclusions: Pharmacists that practice in rural settings expressed more stigmatized attitudes, compared to their urban counterparts, towards patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders.

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Mangalore, Roshni. "Equity in mental health care in Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2702/.

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This thesis explores equity issues in the mental health field in Britain by initially developing a conceptual structure to define equity in mental health and then analysing data from three national psychiatric morbidity surveys to measure inequalities and inequities in both mental health and in the use of services. Standard methods are used for measuring income-related and social class-related inequalities with reference to many indicators of mental health which represent 'normative' or 'felt' needs for services. Inequity in the use of mental health services is also examined by relating use of services to needs. Analyses of income-related inequalities and equity are carried out with reference to the general population using data from the Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2000 and with reference to the minority ethnic groups in Britain using data from the survey of Ethnic Minority Psychiatric Illness Rates in the Community 2000. Changes in social class-related inequalities and equity for the general population between 1993 and 2000 are examined using data from the Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys for those two years, in order to see if the policy and practice changes that took place since the beginning of the 1990s in the health and social care sectors had exerted any impact on equity in mental health. The three mental health surveys being cross-sectional do not permit the study of causal pathways between income and mental health. Therefore, in order to understand the links between living standards, health and health care utilisation patterns further, data from a longitudinal study, the British Household Panel Survey on general health are examined using robust theoretical and empirical models. The assumption is that many of the factors associated with general health are also associated with mental health and much of the model that links income, health and health care utilisation behaviour is likely to be relevant for mental health as well.

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Alyousef, S. M. "The extent of mental health professional stigma on people with mental health problems in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/41449/.

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Research Aim: The primary purpose of this Saudi-based study is to identify the stigma surrounding mental health problems, as well as to identify the existing and latent views of mental health professionals holding a stigma towards people living with mental health problems in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It will focus on mental health experts involved in health care in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A methodological strategy was devised, via the use of a mixed-method approach, which uses quantitative (phase 1) and qualitative (phase 2) data collection approaches and analytical techniques. In Phase 1 (50 participants), two tools were used to assess stigma; the Emotional Reaction on People with mental health problems Scale, and the Attitude Scale. In Phase 2 (5 participants), a one-hour focus group discussion was the method of data collection. The reliability of the two scales for Phase 1 evaluated by measuring internal consistency using SPSS. In Phase 2, Nvivo, version 10 was used for an analysis of the data. The group discussion was thematically analyzed. Principal Findings: The findings confirm that many mental health care providers hold a professional stigma against those with mental health problems of varying degrees. And how the existence and extent of these views might impact on the services provided by mental health professionals and the recovery of people with mental health problems. Phase 1 findings indicate factors that lead to professional stigma, wherein ‘exclusion’, ‘rejection and caution’ and ‘risk and fear’ lead to high levels of professional stigma against people with mental health problems. Phase 2 findings, fit into four main themes influence the issue of professional stigma in mental health services: ‘experiences of professional stigma’; ‘causes of professional stigma’; ‘impact of professional stigma on mental health services’ and ‘recommended minimizing stigma’. The findings of the present study point to the significant convergent between emotional reactions with negative attitudes exhibited regarding people with mental health problems. It was also found that interactions with individuals with mental health concerns contributed to an increase in incidences of stigma by professional mental health staff. Also, it has been shown that insufficient knowledge and undesirable perceptions of people with mental health problems remain apparent, both in Saudi Arabian society and in the mental health profession. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus on reducing professional stigma against people with mental health problems. This can be accomplished through appropriate practices, mental health training, education, and research, as well as professional and social awareness through the media in S.A.; publicize ethical guidelines for mental health care professionals; enhance the provision of mental health practitioners in mental health care services; enact legislation by the Ministry of Health in S.A. Keywords: Stigma, mental health problems, and mental health professional perspective, Saudi Arabia.

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Rentler, Caitlin R. "Stigma and its association with the utilization of mental health services among adults with mental illness." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1524152.

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Research has shown that people with mental illness who seek treatment from mental health services have improved quality of life. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of stigma on people with mental illness, and how stigma can affect the person's decision to seek treatment for his or her mental condition.

The objected was assessed using secondary data from the 2009 Adult California Health Interview Survey. The initial filtering of the respondents was unable to be performed because Human Subjects Protection laws protect sensitive information from being released in public use data files. I redeveloped my study, focusing primarily on the association between respondents with feelings of depression and whether or not they have health insurance coverage for mental health services.

The results of the analysis proved to be statistically significant, which led to speculation that, even with mental health insurance coverage, the low rates of mental health service utilization was most likely attributed to the impact of stigma. Future research should be conducted on the effects of primary care mental health integration, and how this increased parity impacts the utilization of mental health treatment options.

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Moore, D. "Online resources for perinatal mental illness and stigma." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20395/.

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Perinatal mental illness is a global health issue with detrimental outcomes for women and their families if left untreated. Unfortunately, many women do not get the treatment they need for many reasons, one often acknowledged reason is that the stigma some women experience inhibits disclosure of their needs to healthcare providers. This thesis looked at Internet resources for women with perinatal mental illness, in particular online forums. It examined how forums might affect stigma and thus disclosure behaviour. This thesis is by prospective publication. Article 1 aimed to describe and interpret qualitative studies regarding forum use and perinatal mental illness stigma. A metasynthesis of five studies identified four key themes: a safe place to talk; virtual support; stigma and identity; and repair of the mother identity (Moore, Ayers & Drey, under review). Article 2 aimed to identify what websites about postnatal mental illness were available and assess them for content and quality. A systematic review of 114 websites evaluated accuracy of information, resources and website quality. Results showed information was largely incomplete and difficult to read; resources were limited and website quality was variable (Moore & Ayers, 2011). Article 3 aimed to determine how women with perinatal mental illness use web based resources. A qualitative interview study (n= 15) found that the anonymity and non-judgemental social support on forums may have made it an acceptable way to challenge internal stigma and that most women described forums as providing a space to discuss stigma and test out disclosing about their illness to others (Moore & Ayers, 2016). Article 4 therefore aimed to identify whether forums for perinatal mental illness reduce stigma and facilitate disclosure. Thematic analysis of 1546 posts over six months on a forum for postnatal mental illness suggested that forum discourse reconstructed ideology of motherhood as compatible with perinatal mental illness. Many women overcame stigma and posted that they had taken advice and disclosed to a healthcare provider (Moore, Ayers, & Drey, 2016). The final article developed and tested a hypothesised model of the relationship between stigma and disclosure about perinatal mental illness. Study 5 developed a questionnaire measure of stigma for perinatal mental illness in order to test the model. Questionnaire items were completed online by women with perinatal mental illness (n=279). Psychometric testing suggested it was a valid scale with three subscales: external, internal and disclosure stigma (Moore, Ayers, & Drey, 2017). Study 6 tested a hypothesised model that stigma would mediate the relationship between forum use and disclosure to healthcare providers. An online survey of women with perinatal mental illness (n=200) who had used forums provided partial support for this hypothesis, with internal stigma mediating the relationship between length of forum use and disclosure (Moore, Drey, & Ayers, 2017). This research highlights the importance of considering the stigma associated with perinatal mental illness and its role in online forum use and disclosure. Overall, findings suggest that forums may facilitate recognition of stigma, which may in turn lead to greater disclosure of symptoms to healthcare providers. However, the relationship between forum use, stigma and disclosure may be more complex than our initial model proposed. Similarly, most participants in these studies were white, well-educated and actively participated in the forums. Future studies would benefit from testing these relationships using longitudinal designs with more representative samples.

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Pitts, Marilyn Dee. "Correlations between stigma and self-esteem in mental health consumers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2596.

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Xie, Wanze, Jeffery Ellison, and Jodi Polaha. "Mental Health Treatment Seeking and Perceived Stigma Among International Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6641.

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Background. Mori (2000) put forward evidence that international students were at greater risk for psychological problems. He also said that mental health concerns of international students on American campuses were often overlooked. Stigma associated with mental illness and seeking treatment is the reason most often cited that people do not seek counseling and other mental health services (Corrigan, 2004). No studies have focused on international students’ beliefs about service seeking or stigma around health treatment seeking. Objective. The basic aims of this study are to examine international students’ beliefs about mental health services and relationships between stigma and mental health treatment seeking. Method. Participants are 35 international students who were invited to fill out an online questionnaire. The measures included in the questionnaire were designed to collect demographic information (i.e. sex, age, country of birth, etc.), students’ perceived stigma regarding help seeking (i.e. social stigma), students’ overall distress level, students’ prior treatment seeking and willingness to seek treatment from various people (i.e. family/friends, psychologists, teachers, doctors, etc.), and students’ willingness to seek treatment from a psychologist in various settings (i.e. Community clinic, private practice, primary care, etc.). Results. International students at ETSU generally reported feeling moderate levels of stigma regarding mental health treatment [M=2.02, SD=.466, N=36 (1= little/no experienced stigma and 4 = extremely high levels of experienced stigma). Additionally, they reported being equally as likely to seek help from others as to deal with their troubles on their own (M=2.47, SD=.416, N=34). Among the students who hadn’t talked with family members/close friends, doctors, or psychologists about their problems, the more stigma that they felt, the less willing that they were to talk with family members/close friends, doctors, or psychologists in the future (r=-.474, p<.05, N=19; r=-.503, p<.01, N=27; r=-.689, p<.001, N=27). Among all international students, the more stigma they felt, the less willing that they were to seek treatment from a psychologist (counselor or therapist) working at their school or community behavior and health center (r=-.39, p<.05, N=30; r=-.415, p<.05, N=31). However, stigma was not found to be significantly correlated with treatment seeking from a psychologist working in any other setting (ie. private practice or doctors’ office). Implications. Even though the results show that international students generally only feel a moderate amount of stigma, the stigma that they do experience significantly influences their willingness to seek mental health treatment. Future research should focus on identifying new ways addressing this major barrier to mental health treatment seeking to hopefully increase mental health service utilization by international student on college campuses.

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Insulander, Ella, and Henrik Larsson. "Creating a campaign to reduce mental health stigma amongst students." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130017.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur stigmatisering kring psykisk ohälsa kan reduceras bland universitets- studenter genom en social marknadsföringskampanj. I studiens första del undersöks vilka riktlinjer som finns för utformning av en social marknadsföringskampanj, vidare undersöks vilka strategier som är effektivast för att minska stigmatisering kring psykisk ohälsa. Med utgångspunkt i studiens första del utforskar författarna hur den sociala marknadsföringskampanjen skulle kunna utformas för att besvara forskningsfrågan. Inom ramen för studien har en kampanj utformats som kretsar kring sloganen Face it ur tre olika perspektiv. Kampanjen består av de tre stegen Sätt ett ansikte på det, Inse det och Möt det och har ut- formats med målsättningen att studenter ska komma i direkt eller indirekt kontakt med personer drabbade av psykisk ohälsa vilka de kan relatera till. En kampanj med dessa egenskaper har potential att minska stigmatisering kring psykisk ohälsa bland universitetsstudenter.

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Chomchavalit, Jena. "C.R.E.A.T.E. A mental health stigma reduction art program| Grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10111165.

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The purpose of this project is to identify a potential funding source and write a grant to provide art classes and art exhibits in Orange County, California to decrease mental health issues among older adults and to reduce mental health stigma. A comprehensive literature review found that art related activities are an effective way to reduce mental health issues among older adults. The search conducted identified a potential funding source to support the need for culturally competent art based mental health services. Mental health stigma results in numerous challenges for those with mental illness, their families, and the community. Art activities are low-cost, help decrease levels of stress, build self-esteem, and promote community involvement. If funded, this program could help older adults engage in the art related activities to improve their mental and physical health.

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Gale, Fiona. "Children's and parents'/carers' perceptions of mental health and stigma." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29523.

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This study examined the perceptions of mental health and stigma in young children with emerging mental health problems, and those of their parents or carers. The study's objective was to gain some understanding of the context and impact of stigma on children and their parents/carers, and to determine factors which could contribute to service improvement and policies to tackle stigma. A qualitative design, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, was undertaken to explore children's and their parents'/carers' perceptions of mental health, children's mental health services and the stigma attached. Semi-structured interviews, using a specifically designed storybook technique, were conducted with 20 children, aged 5 to 11 years, who had been referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services for the first time. In addition, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with their parents or carers (n=23). The study found that young children and their parents/carers have sophisticated and complex perceptions of mental health and the stigma attached. However, the findings show that understanding of the definition of mental health is not salient, and that participants experience the discriminatory effects of the stigmatisation process. The effects of stigma are communicated within the parent/carer-child dyad, which serves to contribute to perceptions of shame, blame and being different held by children and parents/carers. Participants also have preconceived ideas about mental health and children's mental health services, which contribute to the stigmatisation process. In turn, this affects help-seeking and can contribute to the severity of children's mental health problems.

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Berry, Allison. "The Architecture of Mental Health Crisis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin156086602707901.

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Alan, Rana. "Stigma of addiction and mental health in dental settings : patients' experiences." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/47053.

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the nature of stigma experienced by dental patients who have substance use and mental health issues. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposefully selected group of 13 English-speaking participants (7 males) who struggled with a variety of substance use and/or mental disorders, and lived in one of two treatment centres. An interview guide containing open-ended questions was used to discuss their experiences with dental professionals, and their perceptions of stigmatization. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Analysis of about 300 pages of interview transcripts demonstrated that participants perceived stigma in dental settings when they were viewed as “junkie” or “crazy”, were negatively stereotyped, and finally were rejected as patients or received negative attitude and substandard care from dentists who were misusing their position of power. Lack of or poor understanding and education about issues of addiction and mental health were pointed out as the origin of stigma. Positive experiences with dental professionals were characterized by empathy, reassurance and communication, which were empowering for patients. Conclusion: Individuals with substance dependence and mental health issues felt stigmatized by some dental professionals who they felt had labelled, stereotyped, and discriminated against them; making them feel disempowered. Findings of the study highlighted the need to better prepare current and future dentists to address the oral care of patients with substance dependence and mental illness in their clinical practice.

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Polaha, Jodi. "Parents’ Perceived Stigma Around Accessing Mental Health Services for Their Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6702.

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Looper, Karl J. "Perceived stigma in functional somatic syndromes and comparable medical conditions." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33800.

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Objective. To determine whether having a condition of unknown medical cause contributes to perceived stigma in individuals with functional somatic syndromes (FSS).
Methods. Subjects in three FSS groups, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia (FM), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), were matched to medical control groups. Self-report measures were used to collect sociodemographic information, and rates of depression, physical functioning, and perceived stigma.
Results. Having the FSS was associated with perceived stigma in CFS compared to the medical control group, and remained an independent predictor when controlling for depression and physical functioning on multivariate analysis. These effects were not seen in FM or IBS compared to medical control groups.
Conclusions. The ambiguity of having a medically unexplained syndrome may contribute to perceived stigma in CFS. The absence of this effect in FM and IBS may reflect a greater acceptance of FM and IBS as medical conditions.

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Samuels, Jadeen. "Intergenerational Understandings of Black Women's Mental Health." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108833.

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Thesis advisor: C. Shawn McGuffey
This study delved further into the stigmatizing perception of mental health within the black community by focusing on its understandings in the population of black women. Black women statistically are underrepresented and underutilizing the mental health industry, so this study unearthed reasons behind these numbers through empirical research. From interviews with eight women from three generational cohorts (young adults, professional adults, and older adults), I examined their perspectives on the topic of mental health and how that may have changed over the course of their lives to where they are today. Despite generational groupings, these findings can help researchers and practitioners better understand the reasons behind those statistics and help change the industry as a whole to include black women’s voices
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2020
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Sociology

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Charles, Jennifer L. K. "Measuring mental health provider stigma: The development of a valid and reliable self-assessment instrument." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3706.

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Provider-based stigma is defined as the negative attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of mental health providers toward clients they serve. Often unintentional and unknowingly conveyed, this phenomenon has been indicated in previous research (e.g. Lauber, Nordt, Braunschweig, & Rössler, 2006; Nordt, Rössler, & Lauber, 2006; Hugo, 2001; Schulze, 2007). Other instruments crafted to measure provider stigma have utilized theory in their development, without incorporating the voice of the client (e.g. Wilkins & Abell, 2010; Kennedy, Abell, & Mennicke 2014). To better address the social injustice posed by provider stigma, the profession requires a valid and reliable measure, guided by theory, which also reflects the client and family experience. This study attempts to do so, referencing the five themes of the experience-based model (Charles, 2013) to guide item development. These themes include: blame & shame; disinterest, annoyance, and/or irritation; degradation & dehumanization; poor prognosis/fostering dependence; coercion/lack of ‘real’ choice. The measure’s item pool was generated following Nunnally and Bernstein’s (1994) domain sampling method, in reflection of the experience-based model, and reviewed by a series of focus groups. The electronically hosted survey was distributed to a purposive sample of mental health service providers employed at Virginia’s public mental health agencies. Using a final sample of N = 220, factor analysis indicated a four factor solution, accounting for 32.454% of the items’ variance. Refinement resulted in a scale of 20-items demonstrating adequate internal consistency, measured by Cronbach’s alpha = 0.817. The four factors of the Mental Health Provider Self-Assessment of Stigma Scale (MHPSASS) were labeled: Irritation & Impatience (eight items); Choice & Capacity (five items); Adherence & Dependence (four items); Devalue & Depersonalize (three items). Hypothesized relationships were found between provider self-rating of burnout and MHPSASS score (Pearson’s r = 0.235, p = 0.001) as well as social desirability level and MHPSASS score (r = -0.169, p = 0.015), supporting the MHPSASS’ construct validity. As a measure of provider-based stigma, the MHPSASS displays adequate reliability and validity. Future studies are indicated, including replication. Limitations include agency response rate, unknowable individual level-response rate, social desirability, and the potentially burdensome length of the survey package.

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Van, Horn Struther L. "THE INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURAL STIGMA ON MENTAL ILLNESS: STATE LEVEL STRUCTURAL STIGMA AND ATTITUDES TOWARD TREATMENT SEEKING AND QUALITY OF LIFE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1556276082580829.

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King, J. N. "School-based interventions to address the stigma associated with mental health problems." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/11096/.

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Section A is a systematic review of the literature surrounding school-based interventions to address the stigma faced by people diagnosed with mental health problems. It asks the question of what the role of these interventions currently and potentially is and what is important for their efficacy. It begins by acknowledging the problem that stigma and discrimination presents, identifying what leads to and perpetuates this stigma. It then presents key theoretical and empirical contributions to our understanding of stigma and also to our understanding of how learning develops and attitudes form. The review goes on to look at what has been done in schools to date and highlights ‘active ingredients’ in these programmes, discussing the extent to which the current picture addresses theoretical and empirical contributions. Suggestions for further research are provided. Section B provides the findings of a grounded theory study investigating how primary school teachers communicate with children about mental health problems. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out with fifteen teachers in three state schools. A model of communication is presented, which explains why discussions about mental health problems are absent from the primary school classroom. There appear to be a number of reasons for this. Teachers have fears about the implications of talking about mental health problems with children. These are connected to their beliefs and fears regarding those with mental health problems, their beliefs about mental health problems in relation to children and its place in the classroom, and about their professional roles. Relating to theory, teachers perceive themselves as part of a homogenous ‘in-group’ as distinct from a homogenous ‘out-group’ with mental health problems. Fears, beliefs and ingroup perceptions lead teachers to ‘play safe’ and avoid conversations about mental health problems in the classroom. This absence of discussion may reinforce for children that mental health problems are taboo. Greater links are required between schools and mental health services, and clinical psychologists need to be proactive in influencing policymakers by promoting the argument that teaching on mental health problems has an important place within the British school curriculum. Section C is a critical appraisal of this research, including discussion of the experience of being a researcher throughout this process. Consideration is given to the skills developed, areas where they may need to be expanded upon, areas where things could have been done differently, as well as research and clinical implications of the findings.

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Nguyen, Hoanglan Tien. "Media Campaign for Vietnamese Americans against Mental Health Stigma| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784949.

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Many Vietnamese American immigrants experienced major mental health risks prior to resettlement in the United States, including the trauma of civil war, communist reeducation camps, the boat-person experience, and lengthy detention in refugee camps. As a result, Vietnamese Americans are more likely to rate their mental health status as poor or fair compared to members of other Asian subgroups. A review of the literature indicated that there are many barriers to Vietnamese American mental health service utilization, ranging from language mismatched service providers to cultural stigma.

The proposed program’s goals are to increase mental health service utilization among Vietnamese Americans who reside in Orange County, California, particularly Little Saigon, by means of mental health awareness and destigmatization. Mental health literacy pamphlets and fliers will be dispersed at various popular congregation areas, including shopping malls, schools, community centers, religious centers, and at significant cultural events such as the Tet Festival. The program will also disseminate digital video content featuring popular local celebrities providing mental health information.

The actual submission of the grant was not a requirement for completion of the thesis project.

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Greer, Nastassia Toomer. "U.S. Soldiers' Experiences of Stigma and Their Attitudes Regarding Mental Health Treatment." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3562.

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Prior researchers have identified stigma as a significant barrier to mental health treatment for military service members as many members in need of mental health treatment fail to seek it. Researchers have evaluated the relationship between certain forms of stigma (specifically, self-stigma, which encompasses an individual's belief that having a mental health disorder may reflect diminished character, and public stigma, which encompasses an individual's perception that others stereotype people with mental health issues) and service members' attitudes toward mental health treatment. However, a gap exists in research on the relationship between experienced stigma (i.e., the subjective experience of discrimination) and individuals' attitudes toward mental health treatment. The purpose of this nonexperimental, quantitative study was to extend prior research completed by assessing the relationship among experienced stigma, public stigma, self-stigma, and soldiers' attitudes toward seeking mental health care. Ajzen's theory of planned behavior constituted the theoretical framework. A sample of military service members and veterans (N = 78) obtained from social media completed a questionnaire containing items from 3 existing scales. Multiple regression and mediation analysis revealed that public stigma and self-stigma were associated with less favorable attitudes toward mental health treatment. Self-stigma partially mediated the relationship between public stigma and attitudes toward treatment. Experienced stigma was not a significant predictor of participants' attitudes toward treatment. Study findings may help clinicians to develop more effective mental health programming for military service members and veterans, resulting in potential positive social change.

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Kask, Anna, and Kristoffer Svanberg. "Mental health among Swedish elite athletes : Depression, overtraining, help seeking, and stigma." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-135614.

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There is a general perception in the public that mental health problems scarcely exist among elite athletes. The aim of this thesis was to investigate mental health among Swedish elite athletes with a particular focus on depression, overtraining, help seeking and stigma. The sample consisted of 100 athletes; of these 32 % were male and 68 % female, 53 % team athletes and 47 % individual athletes representing 15 different sports. A cross-sectional research design using self-report measures examined variables associated with the mental health of athletes. Results showed the prevalence of depression in the sample was similar to that of the general population. Athletes who reported symptoms of overtraining also reported symptoms of depression. Depressed athletes showed significantly more symptoms of overtraining than non-depressed athletes. Athletes who reported greater symptoms of depression or overtraining also reported higher levels of stigma associated with the condition. In the sample 45 % of participants reported that it was unlikely or extremely unlikely that they would seek help for mental health problems. The results indicate that mental health problems among elite athletes do exist. Athletes that experience problems with their mental health also do not want to disclose these problems. The established relationship between depression and overtraining highlights the difficult in distinguishing between the concepts that may ultimately lead to misdiagnose and ineffective treatment of the symptoms. Sport specialization in health care is required in order to meet the needs of elite athletes.
Det finns en allmän syn i samhället att psykisk ohälsa bland elitidrottare är väldigt ovanligt. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka psykisk ohälsa bland svenska elitidrottare med fokus på depression, överträning, hjälpsökande och stigma. Urvalet bestod av 100 elitidrottare; av dessa var 32 % män och 68 % kvinnor, 53 % lagidrottare och 47 % individuella idrottare vilka representerade 15 olika idrotter. En tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med hjälp av självskattningsformulär vilka undersökte variabler förknippade med elitidrottares psykiska hälsa. Resultaten visade en prevalens av depression bland elitidrottarna motsvarande den allmänna populationen. Elitidrottare som rapporterade symptom på överträning rapporterade även symptom på depression. Deprimerade elitidrottare hade signifikant fler symptom på överträning än icke-deprimerade elitidrottare. Elitidrottare som rapporterade fler symptom på depression eller överträning rapporterade även högre nivåer av stigma. I urvalet rapporterade 45 % av deltagarna att det var osannolikt eller extremt osannolikt att de skulle söka hjälp vid problem med psykisk ohälsa. Resultaten visar på att psykisk ohälsa bland elitidrottare existerar. Elitidrottare med psykisk ohälsa är obenägna att avslöja dessa problem för andra. Den påvisade relationen mellan depression och överträning visar på att det är svårt att skilja mellan dessa koncept vilket i förlängningen kan leda till feldiagnostisering av symptomen samt att fel behandlingsinsatser sätts in. För att möta behoven från elitidrottare bör hälso- och sjukvården erbjuda idrottsspecifik behandling.

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Lai, Grace Ying Chi. "Stigma Experience among Chinese American Immigrants with Schizophrenia." Thesis, New York University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10688783.

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Stigma has profound consequences on individuals with mental illness, specifically schizophrenia. Individuals who suffer from internalized stigma further struggle with self-esteem, quality of life, and their recovery from mental illness. To avoid rejection and being the target of discrimination, these individuals often practice coping strategies such as secrecy and withdrawal. However, these coping strategies can eventually lead to poor self-image, restricted opportunities in life, and other negative outcomes. Cultural beliefs relating to the concept of face and Confucianism further exacerbate the effects of stigma among Chinese American individuals who suffer from mental illnesses.

This study examined the experiences of stigma and coping strategies used by Chinese Americans with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The associations between internalized stigma, experienced stigma, loss of face, and coping strategies were also analyzed. Unlike previous studies, this study found that internalized and experienced stigma were not associated with coping strategies used by the Chinese American participants; instead, the cultural construct of loss of face was associated with secrecy as a coping strategy. This study calls for further research on the effects of this cultural construct on one’s recovery.

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Dickenson, Jenna A. "Effects of mental illness portrayed in cinema on viewer's formation of stigma." Thesis, Spalding University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10146102.

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The posttest only experimental design study was conducted to examine if exposure to neutral or negative portrayals of mental illness in media influences viewers’ attitudes on mental illness. Participants were 22 self-selected students from a private, co-educational university in an urban area of the east south-central region of the United States. Two groups watched one of two movies that were pre-determined to be reflective of American culture and mental illness (i.e., Lars and the Real Girl and Drive). Data was collected by administering Community Attitudes Toward Mental Illness (CAMI) and a demographic questionnaire. An independent t-test was used to determine if CAMI subscales varied because of the movie presented. Participants who watched the movie portraying mental illness in a negative context were predicted to have higher social restrictiveness and authoritarianism subscale scores, and those who watched the movie portraying mental illness in a neutral context were predicted to have higher benevolence and CMHI subscale scores. However, there was not a significant difference on any subscales scores at p = .05 between the movies presented to each group. Implications are discussed.

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Cooper, Susanna R. "Mental health services in the Marine Corps : an exploratory study of stigma and potential benefits of desigmatization training within the operational Operational Stress Control and Readiness (OSCAR) program /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FCooper.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Leadership and Human Resource Development)--Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2004.
Thesis Advisor(s): Gail Thomas, Roderick Bacho. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-80). Also available online.

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Cheang, Sut Ieng. "Face, stigma and mental health influences help-seeking attitudes of Macao college students." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2589562.

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Papadopoulos, Chris. "Stigma towards people with mental health problems : an individualism-collectivism cross-cultural comparison." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2009. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6253/.

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This study explored whether the cross-cultural value paradigm 'individualismcollectivism' is a useful explanatory model for mental illness stigmatisation on a cultural level. This has never before been directly investigated despite numerous clues of its potential importance in previous related literature. The paradigm asserts that in 'collectivist' cultures, people are more strongly interdependent with their in-groups, and are more likely to give priority to the goals of their in-groups than people from 'individualistic' cultures, who are instead more likely to value and desire autonomy and independence from their in-groups, and give priority to their personal goals than to their in-group goals. Three hundred and five individuals from four UK-based cultural groups (white-English, American, Greek/Greek Cypriot, and Chinese) were successfully recruited for a quantitative survey through the use of non-randomised snowball and quota sampling. Twenty-two of these individuals were later qualitatively interviewed in a one-to-one, semi-structured manner. Questions regarding where the four cultures fit within the individualism-collectivism paradigm, how acculturation affects the individualismcollectivism paradigm, what other factors explain stigmatisation, and the level of stigmatising attitudes present in these cultures, were also integrated into the methodological components in an attempt to explore these other important themes. The results partially supported the hypothesis that the paradigm can be applied to explain mental illness attitudes. Increases in the paradigm's explanatory power corresponded with a cultures' stigmatisation level. Specifically, the more stigmatising a culture's mental illness attitudes are, the more likely collectivism effectively explains these attitudes. In contrast, the more positive a culture's mental illness attitudes, the more likely individualism effectively explains attitudes. Educational level, mental illness experience, and, particularly, mental illness knowledge, were other powerful and consistent stigma explanatory factors, although the stigma affect of these and impact of other key themes were unique to each cultural group. The results also revealed that successfully acculturating to a new culture can impact on one's cultural values including levels of individualism-collectivism. The American cultural survey group held the most positive mental illness attitudes, followed by the white English group. Both groups also scored high on levels of individualism. The Greek/Greek Cypriots and Chinese held the least positive attitudes and were also found to be generally collectivistic. None of the survey groups' scores were wholly stigmatising, which suggests a positive shift towards more tolerant attitudes having taken place in recent years even in the Greek/Greek Cypriot and Chinese cultures. This is illuminating as these are traditionally particularly stigmatising cultures, which qualitative interviewees also argued. A number of important recommendations for policy and practice that aim to reduce stigma and highlight the importance of culture are proposed. These include anti-stigma campaigns needing to be culturally and linguistically appropriate and sensitive; using in-group, second-generation members of closed and collectivist communities/cultures to deliver of anti-stigmatising initiatives and; training practitioners to understand the impact of individualism-collectivism on mental health attitudes. Further, a consideration of the individualism-collectivism paradigm should be included in any future research aiming to provide a holistic understanding of the causes of mental illness stigma both on an individual and cultural level.

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Bradstreet, Simon. "Internalised stigma in mental health : an investigation of the role of attachment style." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/125748/.

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This thesis examines the role of adult attachment style on the internalisation of stigma amongst adults affected by mental health problems in the United Kingdom. A systematic review, completed for this thesis, on the role of social and relational factors in internalised stigma found strongest evidence for a negative association between social support and internalised stigma. Just one eligible study considered the role of attachment style. In the empirical study, a transdiagnostic sample with experience of recent secondary mental health service use (n = 122) completed an online cross-sectional survey with measures of internalised and perceived public stigma, adult attachment style, self-esteem, mood and functioning. Correlation analysis tested whether internalised stigma and perceived public stigma were significantly positively correlated (hypothesis one). Hierarchical multiple regression tested whether anxious and avoidant attachment styles were positively associated with a significant amount of variance in internalised stigma when controlling for other variables (hypotheses two and three). Regression-based moderation analysis tested whether the relationship between perceived public stigma and internalised stigma was moderated by anxious and avoidant attachment styles (hypotheses four and five). Results indicated that internalised stigma, perceived public stigma and insecure attachment were common in this sample. Internalised stigma was positively associated with perceived public stigma but neither anxious or avoidant attachment were associated with a significant amount of variance in internalised stigma when controlling for other variables. Similarly, no moderating effect on the relationship between perceived public stigma and internalised stigma was found for insecure attachment. Limitations, which may have contributed towards the failure to find some predicted effects, are discussed. Implications for policy and practice are also discussed and recommendations are made for future research. It is concluded that despite these mixed results further research on the role of attachment style in internalised stigma is warranted.

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Mastapha, Anna R. Z. "PERCEIVED STIGMA AND BARRIERS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE AMONG FORMER MILITARY SERVICE MEMBERS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/74.

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Former United States military members have consistently faced mental health concerns post discharge from the military. Some researchers have argued that the use of mental health services by veterans does not parallel the prevalence and need of such services (Hoge, Castro, Messer, McGurk, Cotting, & Koffman, 2004; Milliken, Auchterlonie, & Hoge, 2007; Vogt, 2011). Reasons why veterans do not access mental health care are varied and broad, however, they tend to be consistent with explanations rooted in the stigma of mental health care, and in the barriers that prevent the use of mental health care. The degree of the impact of factors contributing to stigma and barriers to mental health care is not fully understood. Particularly lacking from previous research is an examination of how the education received while in the military about mental health symptoms and treatment impacts the likelihood that a service member will access care. In the current study, I used theories of stigma and barriers to care outlined by Overton and Medina (2008) to examine the relationships among demographic characteristics, self-reported diagnoses of common mental health disorders that veterans experience, and likelihood of accessing mental health care based on the education received while in the military with self-reported levels of stigma and barriers to care in a sample of 355 former military service members from several branches. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationships among these variables. Results revealed statistically significant relationships among gender, age, self-reported diagnosis of depression, the impact of education, and stigma. Results also revealed statistically significant relationships among employment and barriers to care. In addition, stigma was found to have significant relationships with the positive impact of education, and the likelihood of accessing care. Lastly, results revealed that when in the presence of the mediation variable impact of education, stigma was no longer associated with the likelihood veterans would access care post discharge.

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Loreto, Nicole. "Reducing Stigma and Encouraging Help Seeking Intentions Through a Mental Health Literacy Program." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4306.

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Many individuals do not seek help for a mental health problem due to stigma and fear of rejection by peers and family. Researchers have highlighted that the age group least likely to seek help is youth. Stigma acts as an important barrier to help-seeking. Evidence indicating how mental health literacy can reduce stigma and encourage help-seeking remains inconclusive. In this study, the health belief model was used to understand how college students perceived an individual's susceptibility to mental illness and the barriers associated with seeking help. A posttest-only randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of the Is It Just Me? mental health literacy program among college students and assessed whether the program was effective in generating changes in knowledge, lessening stigma, and encouraging help-seeking intentions should students experience a mental health problem. Gender and age data were collected for background information. The results of 2-tailed t tests showed less stigma p = .047, t = -2.02 in the experimental (M= 18.30, SD (2.21) compared to the control condition (M 17.02, SD (3.78)), with no effect on knowledge. With respect to help-seeking intentions, the control condition scored significantly higher than the experimental condition. In conclusion, college students who participated in this short-term mental health literacy program reported less stigma but also less help-seeking. Thus, the program contributed to a greater understanding and acceptance of people living with mental illness. Breaking down stigma and encouraging early intervention for students to seek help if they experience mental health problems can lead to better recovery outcomes and healthier trajectories.

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Kelty, Abby Jane Spalding. "THE IMPACT OF INTEGRATED HEALTHCARE ON MENTAL HEALTH STIGMA AMONG PRIMARY CARE PROVIDERS." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1841.

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Societal stigma surrounding mental health has adversely affected individuals with mental health concerns. Stigma often keeps persons with mental illness from seeking treatment from mental health professionals, bringing such issues to their primary care providers instead. This is problematic, as primary care providers have been shown to endorse mental health stigma toward patients with mental illness. Integrated healthcare, a system in which behavioral health services are integrated into primary care settings, has been hypothesized as a method for reducing mental health stigma among primary care providers and the general public. However, there has been little research examining the impact of integrated healthcare on primary care provider’s endorsement of mental health stigma. The present study was an effort to address this gap in the literature by examining the impact of working in integrated health care settings, personal and professional experience with mental health, and training in mental health and diversity on the endorsement of mental health stigma among primary care providers. The present study contributes to the understanding of the impact of factors in endorsement of mental health stigma among primary care providers in the United States. Contrary to my hypothesis that integrated healthcare reduces mental health stigma, the present study revealed that healthcare integration alone was not a significant predictor of lower endorsement of mental health stigma among primary care providers in the present sample. In contrast, training in mental health and diversity was found to be the most significant predictor of mental health stigma, with participants reporting more in-depth training in these areas endorsing lower levels of mental health stigma. Further research is needed to confirm this association and establish a clearer understanding of the role of integrated healthcare in reduction of mental health stigma. These results can be used to assist in improving training in research regarding mental health stigma and integrated healthcare.

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Blundell, Rachel. "The association between contact and intellectual disability and mental health literacy and stigma." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448067/.

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This thesis examines the association between personal contact with people with intellectual disabilities and schizophrenia and literacy and stigma of the lay public. Contact is seen as a key route to tackling stigma, however the research in intellectual disabilities and mental health is limited by many previous studies assessing contact as present or absent only. Part one is a literature review examining the relationship between personal contact with people with intellectual disabilities and attitudes. There has been limited research examining public attitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities, especially in comparison to the attention given to perceptions of mental illness. The findings indicate contact with people with intellectual disabilities generally has a positive effect on lay attitudes, but that the relationship is affected by a number of variables. Quality of contact in particular may be important. Part two is an empirical paper investigating whether contact as a nuanced variable, including the factors: closeness, frequency and nature, is better than a binary variable assessing contact as present or absent only, in explaining the relationship between literacy, causal attributions and stigma, for both intellectual disabilities and schizophrenia. The results indicate future research examining contact should consider other factors, particularly the closeness of the relationship. The findings are considered in relation to anti-stigma campaigns, the evidence base and directions for future research. Part three is a critical review of the thesis. The review examines the concepts and methodology used and considers wider issues relating to stigma research. The review concludes with personal reflections on the process of conducting the thesis.

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Medved, David G. "A Grounded Theory Investigation of Public Stigma, Internalized Stigma, and Mental Health Recovery in the Wellness Management and Recovery Program." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1407873240.

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Sogolow, Joshua M. "Mental health stigma and barriers to seeking help: A survey of the university undergraduate student population." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107401.

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Thesis advisor: Judith Shindul-Rothschild PhD, MSN, RN
The issue of mental health awareness has been a familiar topic of concern in recent years, due to increasing incidence of suicide, PTSD, anxiety disorders, and other behavioral illnesses. Patient populations impacted by mental illness are diverse and research has focused on the recognition of symptoms and the treatment. Less research has investigated the barriers that hinder access to mental health services and the early identification of individuals who need mental health assistance. The specific aim of this study is to evaluate how the stigma of mental illness, both perceived and personal, may affect the willingness of college students to obtain behavioral health care. Based upon the findings, recommendations for improving access to mental health services on a college campus will be proposed
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2017
Discipline: Nursing

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Järudd, Malou. "Självstigma, uppfattat stigma och det premenstruella syndromet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-42352.

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Premenstruellt syndrom (PMS) och menstruation är stigmatiserade ämnen. Det kan ge kvinnor bristande självkänsla och hjälper till att upprätthålla den negativa tonen i diskussionen vilket gör att de kan vara svårt eller till och med tabu att prata om. Stigma från våra närstående kan bidra till ökad självstigmatisering. Studiens syfte var att undersöka vilka samband det finns mellan PMS, självstigmatisering, uppfattat stigma och ålderns interaktionseffekt på dessa. Även hur kvinnor talat och talar om PMS undersöktes. Studien utfördes på 88 kvinnor i fertil ålder som besvarade en enkät som innefattade sammanlagt 40 frågor varav tre var öppna. Resultatet visade inget samband mellan PMS och självstigma. Positiva samband fanns mellan PMS och uppfattat stigma. Undersökningen visade också på positiv korrelation mellan självstigma och uppfattat stigma. I och med att undersökningen ej påvisade något samband mellan PMS och självstigma diskuterades om att en diskursförändring kan vara på gång.

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Krwece, Akhona. "Exploring traditional African beliefs with regard to mental health, health-seeking behaviour, and treatment adherence: A systematic review." University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8359.

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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)
Previous research indicates that mental health conditions contribute to the global burden of disease. Despite these findings, issues surrounding mental health are still plagued with ignorance and stigma. In recent years’ mental health has taken priority and is increasingly being recognized as an important public health and development issue. Research has found that belief systems play a crucial role in the conceptualisation of mental health and health-seeking behaviour. The exploration of these belief systems gives valuable insight on issues related to health-seeking and treatment adherence behaviours. This study looks specifically at traditional African beliefs and perceptions of mental health. The motivation of this study is to explore how these beliefs and perceptions impact on health-seeking and treatment adherence behaviours. The study poses the following research question: What current literature exists on traditional African beliefs and perceptions about mental health? To achieve this, the study employs a systematic review methodology to assess the methodological rigour of literature on traditional African belief systems. A systematic search in eleven databases was conducted to find relevant literature published between the years 2008 and 2019 with only qualitative research studies.

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Hall, Kristopher. "Identifying the Initial Mental Health Messages of Army ROTC Students and Exploring Their Connection to Mental Health Stigma and Help-Seeking Behaviors." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6291.

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Mental health stigma among military service members has been recognized as a significant barrier to mental health treatment as researchers (Greenberg, Langston, & Gould, 2007; Greene-Shortridge, Britt, & Castro, 2007; Hoge et al., 2004; Pietrzak, Johnson, Goldstein, Malley, & Southwick, 2009) have concluded that military service members are reluctant to engage in help seeking behaviors to avoid negative labeling in the form of stereotyping. Additionally, links have been made between leadership and stigma, acknowledging that military service members are more likely to seek mental health treatment if they perceive that their leadership is supportive (Britt, Wright, & Moore, 2012; Hoge et al., 2004; Wright et al., 2009). Each of the aforementioned authors has advocated for an increased attention on those military service members with mental health issues by offering new programs and providing leadership support. The military has attempted to address both of these suggestions with the introduction of resilience training and increased screening for mental health issues. Unfortunately, despite such interventions, prevalence rates for diagnoses such as PTSD remain at high levels. A reason for this may be due to a lack of attention to the origins of the messages that future leaders receive regarding mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of US Army ROTC students and the possible presence of mental health stigma at their level of military involvement (i.e. pre-commission). The author sought to understand how biases against mental health are formed at one of the earliest points of cultural indoctrination within the military structure. This dissertation will contain an overview of the identified mental health beliefs of US Army ROTC students at a large southern university. How these beliefs relate to mental health stigma and help seeking behaviors will also be explored.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education; Counselor Education Track

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Smith, Nicholas Anthony. "Development and Validation of the Workplace Mental Illness Stigma Scale (W-MISS)." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5011.

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Although 1 in 5 Americans will experience a mental illness at some point, each year people with mental illnesses continue to face high levels of stigmatization and discrimination at work. Recognizing this, many organizational researchers and practitioners have sought to improve workplaces for employees with mental illness through a variety of organizational interventions. Unfortunately, few interventions are thoroughly evaluated. One barrier to evaluating such interventions is the lack of a theoretically meaningful measure of workplace mental illness stigma. In this dissertation, I proposed to develop and evaluate such a measure (the W-MISS) based on Jones, Farina, Hastorf, Markus, Miller, and Scott's (1984) six-dimension stigma framework (i.e., concealability, course, disruptiveness, aesthetics, origin, and peril). To do so, I used Hinkin's (1998) approach: Phase 1) item generation was completed by 8 subject matter experts; Phase 2) content validity evidence was provided by 47 adults with management experience and 7 subject matter experts; Phase 3) exploratory factor analysis was conducted based on responses from 300 adults with management experience; Phase 4) confirmatory factor analysis was conducted based on responses from 200 adults with management experience; Phase 5) convergent and discriminant validity evidence was provided by 101 adults with management experience; and Phase 6) predictive validity evidence with regard to hiring discrimination was provided by 365 adults with management experience. Overall, the results supported the hypothesized factorial structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and predictive utility of the W-MISS. Findings provide empirical support for Jones et al.'s (1984) theoretical stigma framework in a workplace context for mental illness and represent the first comprehensive measure development drawing on these dimensions for any stigmatized identity in a workplace context. Further, results demonstrate the potential for scholarly and practical utility of such a measure.

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Rodgers, Brandon E. "An Ecological Approach to Understanding the Stigma Associated with Receiving Mental Health Services: The Role of Social Proximity." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29982.

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Mental health services suffer the substantial limitation of helping only those who seek their assistance. Previous research has demonstrated that mental health stigma, including social and self-stigma, is one of the most significant barriers to an individual seeking available mental health services. Additionally, low levels of social proximity to mental illness may be a significant factor in increased social and self-stigma. Informed by ecological systems theory, this research examined demographic (i.e., gender, race/ethnicity, university) and social proximity factors (i.e., level of familiarity with mental illness and mental health services) that contributed to the mental health stigma associated with seeking mental health services within a university population. Web-based survey responses from 410 undergraduate students at two universities were obtained. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that while controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and university, having personally received mental health services predicted lower levels of mental health self-stigma. Consistent with previous findings, a significant predictive quality of social stigma towards self-stigma was also found. However, none of the models utilizing social proximity factors to predict social stigma were significant. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Ph. D.

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Primeaux, Sunni J. "The Role of Education, Empathy, and Psychological Flexibility in Implicit and Explicit Mental Health Stigma." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585868.

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Mental health stigma, while common, leads to harmful consequences. There is some evidence to show that education reduces stigma. The reduction, however, is short term and only observed in those who are relatively open and flexible with their beliefs. Emerging research suggests that variables such as empathy, perspective taking, and psychological flexibility may be key processes in stigma reduction. Relational Frame Theory (RFT) provides a framework for understanding the development of stigma, the role of inflexibility in maintenance of stigma, and how education that targets flexibility might facilitate reduction in stigma. Applications of RFT have resulted in the development of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, a tool that can be applied for assessment of not only implicit stigmatizing attitudes, but also the flexibility with which they are held. The current study examined the impact of divergent educational experiences on mental health stigma using college students with various levels of formal education relevant to psychological difficulties both implicitly with self-report measures and explicitly with the IRAP. Also examined were empathy and psychological flexibility as moderators of the relationship between education and stigma. Data suggest that mental health bias is a function of education, but that didactic and experiential education may have differential effects. Increases in education and empathy factors were associated with reduced stigma measured explicitly; however, these variables did not correlate with the measure of implicit stigma. Additionally, when empathy moderated the relationship between education and implicit stigma, high levels of empathy were associated with increases in implicit stigma. Inconsistencies in results from implicit and explicit measures indicate a clear need for continued research in this area to more fully understand mental health stigma and to develop reduction interventions.

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Johnson, Samantha F. "Investigating Barriers to Mental Health Care in Law Enforcement Officers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3154.

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The profession of law enforcement is an inherently stressful job. Although the physical stress of the job is often discussed, the mental health impact on officers is often ignored, resulting in poor mental health and increased risk for suicide. The purpose of the current study was to investigate factors related to the reluctance of law enforcement officers (LEOs) to seeking treatment, as well as to gain an understanding of the prevalence rates of disorders in a law enforcement population. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants (N = 306) across a variety of agencies. Correlation, moderated regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in order to model barriers to care among officers. Findings suggest that the presence of psychological disorders was not predictive of willingness to seek treatment. However, perceived stigma did predict lower willingness to seek treatment. General conclusions suggest that increasing unit cohesion and unit support may make a positive impact in decreasing stigma and increasing officers’ willingness to seek treatment.

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Baptiste, Victoria M. "The Impact of Stigma on the Mental Health of Resettled African and Asian Refugees." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/785.

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The global refugee crisis worsens day-by-day, with millions of refugees forced to seek safe haven abroad. Pre-migration trauma exposure contributes to disproportionately higher rates of psychopathology, especially among torture survivors and women. The extant literature has largely focused on the effects of pre-migration factors; however, increasingly, researchers recognize the critical impact of post-migration living difficulties (PMLD) in exacerbating refugee mental health. One example of a PMLD is stigma, defined as a socially devalued attribute (e.g., minority race, ethnicity, sex). A robust literature documents the deleterious effects of stigma on psychological functioning, but few studies of refugees have explored stigma, which is surprising because refugees often possess multiple stigmas. Given this gap in the literature, the present study examined the impact of stigma on psychological well-being in a sample of resettled refugees of mixed ethnic/racial and religious origins. Specifically, analyses tested (1) the independent effect of race among African and Asian refugees, (2) a linear model of multiple stigmas predicting mental health outcomes, and (3) between-group effects of race among Muslims and of religion among Asian refugees. Results showed that race significantly predicted posttraumatic stress symptoms among African and Asian refugees when controlling for sex and torture status, with Africans reporting higher levels of posttraumatic stress than Asians. Findings suggest that the effect of multiple stigmas on mental health outcomes is non-linear. Finally, results indicated that Muslim refugees experienced equivalent levels of anxious and general symptoms across racial groups; among Asians, significant between-group effects by religion were found for general symptoms. By understanding key factors impacting refugee mental health, more appropriate and efficacious interventions may be developed to treat this vulnerable population.

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Boyd, Matthew. "Stigma for Caring for those with Mental Health Issues in the Student Nurse Community: A survey." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/476.

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People living with a mental health issue is elevated both nationally and internationally, and the likelihood of a person interacting with someone who has a mental health issue is high. It is even higher for those who work in the health care profession, so understanding their attitudes on this matter is important. As a review of current literature reveals, there is not only stigma in the health care system, but there is also stigma among health care professionals and students. One of the groups of students that has not been researched to a great extent is nursing students and the degree of stigma they have for caring for those with mental health issues. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the degree of stigma among these individuals. A voluntary online survey was done was administered to undergraduate nursing students at a university in the southeastern part of the United States using the twenty item Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC). The results indicated that mental illness stigma did exist within the student nurse community with no association between gender, classification, and mental health nursing course completion and total score on the OMS-HC scale.

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Anjadini, Shilla Fathi. "More than Stigma : Improving Wellbeing for People in Developing Countries." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104743.

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This project puts the focus on promoting the importance of bringing attention to mental health in developing countries. It aims to connect people with mental disorders with the help needed to improve their wellbeing. Through the methodology of design thinking and theories of wellbeing and inclusive design, a design proposal is developed. With the situation of COVID-19, people’s wellbeing has become an important issue that needs to be addressed. Apart from physical health, mental health also plays a big role in bridging people into their optimum state of wellbeing. However, the decreasing number of available mental health services has made it difficult for the people to get the help needed, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia, where it had already been limited prior to the pandemic. The primary reason being how mental health is stigmatised, which hinders people from getting the help they need to improve wellbeing. The proposed service design, Discover the Stigma, shows a tool developed alongside stakeholders that enables people in Indonesia to get connected with the help needed and to understand, maintain, and/or improve their wellbeing. It is intended that the tool would provide comfort for people who feel stigmatised within the society and for society to understand them better.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stigma equity mental health'

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