Academic literature on the topic 'Stigma reduction interventions'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stigma reduction interventions"
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Dalky, Heyam F. "Mental Illness Stigma Reduction Interventions." Western Journal of Nursing Research 34, no. 4 (March 9, 2011): 520–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945911400638.
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Avin Maria. "Literature Review: Intervensi dalam Mengatasi Stigma-Diri pada Pasien HIV/AIDS." I Care Jurnal Keperawatan STIKes Panti Rapih 1, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46668/jurkes.v1i1.40.
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Introduction: Self stigma in people living with HIV/AIDS is a survival mechanism to protect themselves from external stigma. Stigma and discrimination in people living with HIV/AIDS can lead to inequality in sociallife. This inequality can cause inferiority complex, preoccupation, and denial of diagnosis, which correlates with the onset of depression.
Objective: To review an intervention that can be use to reduce self stigma on people living with HIV.
Methods: Researcher conducted a literature review of studies and reports that assessed the effectiveness of interventions to reduce HIV self-stigma. Databases searched from Science Direct, EBSCO Host, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Article criteria is article which published from 2010-2019.
Results: Of 117 articles and reports identified, 3 were included in review representing 4 different interventions which used on reduce self-stigma on peple living with HIV. The interventions are logo therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Family psycoeducation, Stigma Reduction Intervention (SRI).
Conclusion: This literature review showed that stigma reduction intervention with workshop, logotherapy, ACT, FPE and stigma reduction intervention with video can reduce self stigma on HIV patients. There is a need for policies to be able to implement these interventions because through the reduction in selfstigma, the effect is in improving patient health and patient medicationadherence. All intervention are promising nterventions to reduces self- stigma because applicable and feasible to implement due to its flexibility, non-invasive and no side effects.
Keywords: literature review, HIV, self stigma
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Rivera, Kevin J., Jenny Y. Zhang, David C. Mohr, Annie B. Wescott, and Aderonke Bamgbose Pederson. "A Narrative Review of Mental Illness Stigma Reduction Interventions Among African Americans in The United States." Journal of Mental Health & Clinical Psychology 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29245/2578-2959/2021/2.1235.
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Among African Americans, the chronicity and severity of mental illness correlates with worse health outcomes and widens health disparities. Stigma related to mental illness compounds mental health disparities by creating barriers to help-seeking behavior. We examine the current tools designed to reduce mental illness stigma and promote improved mental health outcomes among African Americans. The authors reviewed the current evidence in the literature for such stigma reduction interventions. The review team developed a focused search across four databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO. Initial searches identified 120 articles, from which six studies were included as reporting on mental illness stigma reduction interventions among African Americans. We describe these four quantitative and two qualitative studies. There have been various interventions used among African Americans to reduce mental illness stigma, and the level of efficacy and effectiveness is not well studied. Our review demonstrated a need for more robust studies to yield strong evidence on effectiveness among stigma reduction interventions in this target population. The evidence does support tailoring intervention studies to this population. Effectively engaging and partnering with key stakeholders, including schools, community organizations, and faith-based institutions enhances the acceptance and delivery of stigma reduction interventions.
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Mohammadifirouzeh, Mona, Kyeung Mi Oh, and Susan Tanner. "HIV Stigma Reduction Interventions Among Health Care Providers and Students in Different Countries: A Systematic Review." Current HIV Research 20, no. 1 (January 2022): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162x19666211206094709.
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Background: Health care providers’ stigmatizing attitudes are obstacles to patients’ well- being and quality of life. Dealing with HIV-related stigma and understanding the impact of feasible interventions on reducing stigmatizing attitudes among health care providers are considered important strategies to improve the quality of HIV care, patient-provider relationships, and provide supportive and safe care services. Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically review interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma among health care providers. Methods: This systematic review was performed using Medline, CINAHL, ERIC, and APA PsycInfo, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition to search for quasi-experimental studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to reduce HIV stigma among health care providers. The quality of eligible research studies was independently appraised by two reviewers. Results: A total of 774 studies were screened, 100 articles were assessed for eligibility, and 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. All interventions effectively reduced HIV-related stigma. Elements of successful interventions included knowledge modules, peer education, patients’ testimonials, Photovoice-informed stigma reduction training, stigma-free space intervention, and popular opinion leaders. Interventions were assessed and compared in terms of contents, delivery modes, HIV stigma measurements, follow-up, and limitations. Conclusions: This systematic review supports the effectiveness of in-person educational interventions at reducing HIV-related stigma among health care providers across countries. Comparisons of delivery modes of interventions indicated that educational interventions delivered by patients’ testimonials and peer education strategies are more promising than lecture-based teaching methods. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of interventions on clinical behaviors and practices.
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Nelson, LaRon E., Laura Nyblade, Kwasi Torpey, Carmen H. Logie, Han-Zhu Qian, Adom Manu, Emma Gyamerah, et al. "Multi-level intersectional stigma reduction intervention to increase HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Ghana: Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): e0259324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259324.
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Background Men with have sex with men (MSM) in Africa face high levels of stigma due to elevated HIV exposure (actual or perceived), same-sex practices, and gender non-conformity. These stigmas are documented barriers to HIV prevention and treatment. Most stigma-reduction interventions have focused on single-level targets (e.g., health care facility level [HCF]) and addressed one type of stigma (e.g., HIV), without engaging the multiple intersecting stigmas that MSM encounter. Determining the feasibility and acceptability of multi-level intervention of reducing intersectional stigma and estimating its efficacy on increasing HIV testing are needed. Methods We proposed a mixed method study among MSM in Ghana. First, we will develop the intervention protocol using the Convergence Framework, which combines three interventions that were previously implemented separately in Ghana for reducing stigma at the HCF-level, increasing HIV testing at the peer group-level, and increasing peer social support at the individual-level. Then, we will conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial with four pairs of HCFs matched on staff size. HCFs within each pair are randomized to the HCF-level stigma-reduction intervention or control arm. MSM (n = 216) will be randomized to receive the group-level and individual-level interventions or standard of care control arm. MSM will be assigned to receive HIV testing at one of the HCFs that match their study assignment (intervention or control facility). The frequency of HIV testing between MSM in the study arms at 3 and 6 months will be compared, and the predictors of HIV testing uptake at the HCF, peer group and individual-levels will be assessed using multi-level regression models. Discussion These findings from this study will provide important evidence to inform a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of a public health intervention strategy for increasing HIV case detection among key populations in sub-Saharan African communities. Accurate information on HIV prevalence can facilitate epidemic control through more precise deployment of public health measures aimed at HIV treatment and viral load suppression, which eliminates risk of transmission. Trial registration This study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04108078, on September 27, 2019.
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Cross, Hugh Alistair, Miriam Heijnders, Ajit Dalal, Silatham Sermrittirong, and Stephanie Mak. "Interventions for Stigma Reduction–Part 1: Theoretical Considerations." Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development 22, no. 3 (February 15, 2012): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v22i3.70.
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Cross, Hugh Alistair, Miriam Heijnders, Ajit Dalal, Silatham Sermrittirong, and Stephanie Mak. "Interventions for Stigma Reduction – Part 2: Practical Applications." Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development 22, no. 3 (February 15, 2012): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v22i3.72.
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Foster, Isabel, Michelle Galloway, Wieda Human, Michaile Anthony, Hanlie Myburgh, Nosivuyile Vanqa, Dillon T. Wademan, et al. "Analysing interventions designed to reduce tuberculosis-related stigma: A scoping review." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): e0000989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000989.
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Stigma is a critical barrier for TB care delivery; yet data on stigma reduction interventions is limited. This review maps the available literature on TB stigma reduction interventions, using the Health Stigma and Discrimination framework and an implementation analysis to identify research gaps and inform intervention design. Using search terms for TB and stigma, we systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers screened all abstracts, full-texts, extracted data, conducted a quality assessment, and assessed implementation. Results were categorized by socio-ecological level, then sub-categorized by the stigma driver or manifestation targeted. After screening 1865 articles, we extracted data from nine. Three studies were implemented at the individual and interpersonal level using a combination of TB clubs and interpersonal support to target internal and anticipated stigma among persons with TB. Two studies were implemented at the interpersonal level using counselling or a video based informational tool delivered to households to reduce stigma drivers and manifestations. Three studies were implemented at the organizational level, targeting drivers of stigma among healthcare workers (HW) and enacted stigma among HWs. One study was implemented at the community level using an educational campaign for community members. Stakeholder consultation emphasized the importance of policy level interventions and education on the universality of risk to destigmatize TB. Review findings suggest that internal and anticipated TB stigma may be addressed effectively with interventions targeted towards individuals using counselling or support groups. In contrast, enacted TB stigma may be better addressed with information-based interventions implemented at the organizational or community level. Policy level interventions were absent but identified as critical by stakeholders. Implementation barriers included the lack of high-quality training and integration with mental health services. Three key gaps must be addressed in future research: consistent stigma definitions, standardized stigma measurement, and measurement of implementation outcomes.
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Heijnders, Miriam, and Suzanne Van Der Meij. "The fight against stigma: An overview of stigma-reduction strategies and interventions." Psychology, Health & Medicine 11, no. 3 (August 2006): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548500600595327.
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Bacsu, Juanita R., Marc Viger, Shanthi Johnson, Tom McIntosh, Bonnie Jeffery, Nuelle Novik, and Paul Hackett. "INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE STIGMA OF DEMENTIA: FINDINGS FROM A SCOPING REVIEW." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1729.
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Abstract Although there is significant stigma attached to dementia, there is a paucity of knowledge on stigma reduction interventions. Guided by a strength-based approach, this presentation consists of two objectives: 1) to identify the literature on interventions to reduce dementia-related stigma; and 2) to recognize the strength-based components of existing anti-stigma interventions. A five-stage scoping review process was used to examine peer-reviewed literature of anti-stigma interventions of dementia from 2008 to 2018. From 744 initial records, 21 articles matched our inclusion criteria and were reviewed. A stigma reduction framework was used for classifying interventions: education (to dispel myths with accurate information), contact (to provide interaction with people with dementia), mixed (education and contact interventions), and protest (to challenge negative attitudes of dementia). A range of education, contact, and mixed interventions were identified. Strength-based components of education interventions included using: facts to dispel myths, multiple mediums to support dementia information, and culturally-informed strategies for specific audiences. Key components of contact and mixed interventions included: showcasing the achievements of people with dementia, relationship-building, and engaging in purposeful learning. Findings from this study can help to inform future interventions to reduce stigma and improve the quality of life for people affected by dementia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stigma reduction interventions"
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Lauritsen, Kirstin J. "Do psychological characteristics of addiction treatment professionals predict acceptance of harm reduction interventions?" Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1497572679919639.
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Pretorius, Johanna Beatrix. "A community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention for people living with HIV and a close family member / Johanna Beatrix (Bea) Pretorius." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8559.
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The diagnosis of HIV is a life-changing event that requires people to deal with the disease, as well as cope with HIV stigma. Both people living with HIV or AIDS (PLHA) and their close family members (CFM) are stigmatized, but CFM also stigmatizes PLHA. This interaction affects the relationship between PLHA and their CFM.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention on PLHA and their CFM as well as to explore and describe their experiences during and after the intervention.
A holistic multiple case study design as well as a qualitative description approach was used. The study was conducted in both an urban and a rural setting. Purposive sampling was used for the PLHA and snowball sampling for the CFM. The case record for the case study consisted of several sources. In-depth-interviews were used to explore their experiences. The data was analysed using open coding and text document analysis. Both groups gained a richer understanding of HIV stigma and coping with it. The relationships enriched by PLHA feeling more supported and CFM realizing how they stigmatized and that they should be more supportive. Leadership was activated through the project. Bringing PLHA and CFM together during an intervention, proved to be affective,
Recommendations focus on the inclusion of HIV-related stigma reduction awareness interventions in the curriculum of student nurses and the implementation thereof in the community, through community based nursing. It would be of benefit if the programme could also be offered as a workshop to traditional healers in the community. Nurses in clinics working with PLHA should invite PLHA and CFM to participate in groups to support each other in reducing HIV-related stigma and share problem-solving coping strategies. The researcher believes that the results of the current study have important implications for further research in HIV-related stigma reduction interventions in other countries and demographic groups. It has the potential to be used for long-term monitoring studies of HIV stigma reduction interventions and the change over time.Thesis (MCur)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Phetoe, Tshadinyana Merriam. "Psychological well-being of HIV-affected children and their experience of a community based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention / Tshadinyana Merriam Phetoe." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9815.
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The HIV epidemic does not only affect people living with HIV or AIDS but has a large impact on the children. They are being stigmatised by association. There is paucity in research on HIV stigma interventions. In addition, existing interventions aimed at reducing HIV stigma are not community based and very few are aimed at HIV-affected children. The purpose of this study was to assess the change on psychological well-being of HIV-affected children after a Community based HIV Stigma Reduction and Wellness Enhancement Intervention, and to explore and describe their experiences thereof. This study formed part of a larger Community based HIV Stigma Reduction and Wellness Enhancement Intervention project.
A mixed method convergent parallel design involving quantitative and qualitative data collection, analyses and integration of findings was applied. The sample was drawn from populations in the greater Potchefstroom urban area and rural Ganyesa in the North West Province. The children as participants in this study were children of PLHA in the larger study and were recruited using snowball sampling (n=11) and were between the ages 15 and 21 years. The quantitative component utilised a one group pre-test-repetitive-post-test design which was analysed by using IBM SPSS (ver. 20) by comparing t-test scores and F-ratios in ANOVA. The qualitative component of the study employed a holistic multiple case study approach and qualitative interpretive description and data were analysed by using thematic content and document analyses.
The results indicated no significant difference between the urban and the rural groups in the subscales and total scores of mental well-being. The results of the total scores projected that the participants’ mental health was in the region of moderately mentally healthy. The in-depth interviews confirmed the three dimensions of the subscales indicating that they have verbalised similar experiences to the itemised subscales of emotional, social and psychological well-being. The intervention was a meaningful experience to the children. They gained knowledge about HIV stigma and how to cope with it; as well how to build relationships amongst themselves and with the PLHA. They gained a better understanding of their parents suffering from HIV and other PLHA as well as support of one another being in this difficult situation. Conducting the project led to them becoming empowered to act as leaders in HIV stigma reduction. The results of the in-depth interviews showed that the children gained a greater awareness of the process of the stigma and experienced a general increase in their knowledge throughout the workshop and the project. They formed meaningful relationships with other children and deepened their relationships with their parents and other PLHA. The children were empowered through these interventions to advocate against HIV stigma despite the challenges they faced. They gained confidence and experienced personal growth through their participation in the project.
It is recommended that the findings of the study be applied in education to raise awareness of HIV stigma among psychology students and for training of practicing psychologists on their role in reducing HIV stigma and enhancing well-being of the PLHA and those living close to them. It could also be meaningful if the intervention were to be used for practice purposes where support is given to the newly diagnosed PLHA and those associated with them. Further research can be done to test sustainability of the intervention in a different context and with a bigger sample.Thesis (MA (Research Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Doley, Joanna. "How should we talk about eating disorders? Reducing stigma without iatrogenic effects." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/39377/.
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Chidrawi, Helena Christa. "Change-over-time : a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention / Helena Christa Chidrawi." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10641.
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This study forms part of a larger SANPAD project focusing on a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention, responding to the continuous burden of HIV stigma on both national and international levels and the paucity of research in sustainable HIV stigma reduction interventions. HIV stigma is considered all over the world as a complex, far-reaching and powerful phenomenon that continues to affect people living with HIV (PLWH) and also people living close to them (PLC). The impact of stigma has far reaching effects on aspects like the wellness of PLWH and PLC, but also on the health behaviour of PLWH. There is paucity in research on the lasting effect of HIV stigma reduction interventions, intervention within a community context, as well as in urban and rural settings.
The research objectives of this study were to test the change-over-time in HIV stigma experiences of PLWH and stigmatization by PLC with regard to the psychosocial well-being of PLWH and PLC, and with regard to health behaviour of PLWH in both urban and rural settings, following a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention. A quantitative experimental single system research design with a pre-test and repetitive post-tests were conducted by means of purposive voluntary sampling for PLWH and snowball sampling for PLC. The intervention was based on three tenets, namely a) the sharing of information on HIV stigma and coping with it, b) the equalisation of relationships between PLWH and PLC through increased interaction and contact, and c) empowerment of both PLWH and PLC towards leadership in HIV stigma reduction through practical knowledge and experiences of planning and implementing HIV stigma reduction projects in their own communities. Several valid and reliable scales and instruments were used to measure effect.
The initial analysis indicated no statistically significant difference between stigma experiences of PLWH and stigmatisation by PLC from urban and rural settings, or between psychosocial well-being of PLWH and PLC or health behaviour of PLWH from the two different settings. The urban-rural data was therefore pooled for the further analysis. The similarity of data could possibly be ascribed to the fact that most of the participants were Setswana-speaking and living in the North West Province. Stigma experiences as well as stigmatisation could be decreased and the decrease could be sustained over a year through the comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention. The findings also showed that changes-over-time in psychosocial well-being following the intervention were better sustained by the PLC than the PLWH. Results furthermore indicated that HIV stigma reduction positively influenced the health behaviour of the PLWH.
Recommendations for further HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement include the continued application of this comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention, with its supporting tenets, content and methodology. This intervention should, however, be expanded into urban and rural communities, and to different cultures as well. It would be meaningful to build HIV stigma reduction community-based networks. More effort could be made to specifically include a workshop for PLWH on psychosocial well-being as well. HIV stigma interventions should be an indisputable part of health behaviour change workshops for PLWH.PhD (Nursing), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Wodajo, Befekadu Sedata. "HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination reduction-intervention strategy in health care settings of Amahara region Ethiopia." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19644.
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Stigma and discrimination (SAD) attached to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been recognised as a major obstacle to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support throughout the world. SAD is more devastating when it occurs in health care settings where it is least expected. Health care providers (HCPs) are supposed to provide physical, social and psychological support to people living with HIV (PLWHA) but HIV and AIDS-related SAD has been extensively documented among the HCPs. Different studies have pointed out that there are three major actionable causes of HIV-related SAD in health care settings. These are lack of awareness among HCPs, fear of casual contacts and associating the SAD to immoral behaviour. The main objective of the current study is to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD and its associated factors in hospitals and then to propose appropriate SAD reduction-intervention strategy in the health care settings. The study employed pre-test-post-test design with non-equivalent control group. Two paradigms were used in this study including quantitative and qualitative approaches. The sampling method for the quantitative part of the study was probability sampling in which the respondents were randomly selected using stratified sampling technique. The study was able to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD among the HCPs. Moreover, the study has identified the factors that are attributed to the prevalence of SAD in the hospitals. The major factors identified for causing the SAD in the hospitals were sex, age, work experience, low level of knowledge, negative attitudes and percieved risk of HIV infection of some HCPs toward the PLWHA. The intervention made on the respondents in the treatment group was able to reduce the overall prevalence of the SAD among the HCPs. The study suggests that to reduce the SAD, HIV and AIDS-related trainings before and after graduation is critical to improve
the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the HCPs. Besides, ensuring the availability of the protective supplies in hospitals is crucial in reducing the fear of HIV infection among the HCPs while providing care for HIV positive patients. Effective implementation of the hospital policies, strategies, guidelines and protocols along with good institutional support is also vital in creating safe and user-friendly hospitals for PLWHA.Health Studies
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Wodajo, Befekadu Sedeta. "HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination reduction-intervention strategy in health care settings of Amahara Region, Ethiopia." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19886.
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Stigma and discrimination (SAD) attached to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been recognised as a major obstacle to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support throughout the world. SAD is more devastating when it occurs in health care settings where it is least expected. Health care providers (HCPs) are supposed to provide physical, social and psychological support to people living with HIV (PLWHA) but HIV and AIDS-related SAD has been extensively documented among the HCPs. Different studies have pointed out that there are three major actionable causes of HIV-related SAD in health care settings. These are lack of awareness among HCPs, fear of casual contacts and associating the SAD to immoral behaviour. The main objective of the current study is to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD and its associated factors in hospitals and then to propose appropriate SAD reduction-intervention strategy in the health care settings. The study employed pre-test-post-test design with non-equivalent control group. Two paradigms were used in this study including quantitative and qualitative approaches. The sampling method for the quantitative part of the study was probability sampling in which the respondents were randomly selected using stratified sampling technique. The study was able to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD among the HCPs. Moreover, the study has identified the factors that are attributed to the prevalence of SAD in the hospitals. The major factors identified for causing the SAD in the hospitals were sex, age, work experience, low level of knowledge, negative attitudes and percieved risk of HIV infection of some HCPs toward the PLWHA. The intervention made on the respondents in the treatment group was able to reduce the overall prevalence of the SAD among the HCPs. The study suggests that to reduce the SAD, HIV and AIDS-related trainings before and after graduation is critical to improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the HCPs. Besides, ensuring the availability of the protective supplies in hospitals is crucial in reducing the fear of HIV infection among the HCPs while providing care for HIV positive patients. Effective implementation of the hospital policies, strategies, guidelines and protocols along with good institutional support is also vital in creating safe and user-friendly hospitals for PLWHAHealth Studies
D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Louwrens, Margarritha Hendriena. "A community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention for people living with HIV and their partners / Margarritha Hendriena Louwrens." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10755.
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The positive diagnosis of HIV impacts the lives and the relationships of both people living and HIV and AIDS (PLHA) and their partners. This could be the result of the PLHA experiencing stigmatisation from the side of his or her partner, or associated stigmatisation experienced by the partner due to living with the PLHA. The literature review makes it clear that limited research has been conducted on interventions to reduce HIV stigma in PLHA and their partners and this subsequently forms the focus of this study.
The study describes the effect of a community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention on PLHA and their partners through a case study method. In addition, it explores and describes the lived experiences of these two groups during and after an intervention in both an urban and a rural setting of the North West Province, South Africa.
A qualitative holistic multiple case study design and interpretive descriptive approach through in-depth interviews was used to implement and evaluate the intervention. Purposive voluntary sampling was conducted to access PLHA, and snowball sampling to reach their partners. The case record included multiple sources. Document analysis and open coding was used for analysis of the case records and open coding for the in-depth interviews.
No real differences were noted between the urban and rural groups. It was evident from both the case study and the expressed experiences of participants that the intervention was successful. Follow-up interventions with PLHA and partners are suggested, as well as implementations that involve other cultural groups in other provinces of South-Africa. Such implementations could be useful to evaluate the sustainability of the intervention in various cultural groups. The intervention could further be included in educational programmes offered in health care settings or NGO‘s to nurses, health care workers and volunteers to train people in HIV-stigma reduction programmes.MCur, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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French, Heleen. "Experiences of people living with HIV and people living close to them of a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention / Heleen French." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10691.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a highly stigmatised condition for people living with HIV or AIDS (PLHA) and people living close to them (PLC) within the African context as well as in other countries. PLC often take part in HIV stigmatisation, but they are likewise often the victims thereof. This research was executed in three phases. The research objectives for the first phase of the study was to explore and describe how HIV stigma and disclosure experiences at present impact on the lives of PLHA in a country where the HIV infection rate is the highest in the world, and to explore whether there are differences between urban and rural settings.
The objective of the second phase of the research was to describe the implementation of a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention that focused on PLHA as well as PLC from six designated groups, namely partners, children, family members, friends, spiritual leaders and community members. The objective of the third phase was to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of both the PLHA and PLC by the six designated groups after they had undergone a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention. Attention was focused on their expressed experiences of the workshop and projects executed by them in their communities.
During the first and third phases of the research a qualitative interpretive description approach was followed. A holistic multiple case study design was used for the second phase. Purposive voluntary sampling was used for the PLHA and snowball sampling for the PLC. Data collection during the first and third phases took place using in-depth interviews in an urban and a rural setting in the North West Province, South Africa. The data was manually analysed through open coding. Phase 2 had open coding as well as document analysis.
Findings of Phase 1 indicated that HIV stigma and disclosure themes for experiences in the urban and rural settings were mostly similar, with very few differences. Experiences of stigma were still very prevalent, but also led to negative self-judgement. The intervention proved to have been successful, as was reported during the case study and in participants‟ expressed experiences. All participants reported a better understanding of HIV stigma and how to cope with it. Relationships between PLHA and PLC were enhanced. HIV stigma reduction projects developed by PLHA and PLC were executed successfully and the wider community was reached. Leadership skills were developed in order to go out into the community and be part of HIV stigma reduction actions. Some considerations for strengthening the intervention were provided. The intervention in its comprehensive nature was shown to be successful and promising for future use in reducing HIV stigma and enhancing wellness.PhD (Nursing), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
Books on the topic "Stigma reduction interventions"
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Chaudoir, Stephenie R., and Jeffrey D. Fisher. Stigma and the “Social Epidemic” of HIV: Understanding Bidirectional Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.28.
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HIV/AIDS is one of the most devastating public health threats facing the modern world, and its eradication relies heavily on the performance of individual risk-reduction and treatment behaviors. In this chapter, a bidirectional lens is applied to consider how stigma systematically and synergistically constrains individual ability to perform behaviors critical to the effective prevention and treatment of HIV (e.g., sexual risk reduction and medication adherence), which ultimately compromises physical health. In addition to producing increased stigma, compromised physical health may further inhibit HIV risk-reduction and treatment behaviors. Interventions capable of mitigating these bidirectional effects are then discussed. Finally, the chapter discusses the implications of the conceptual model in illuminating the causes of persistent disparities in HIV incidence and treatment outcomes.
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Vogel, David L., and Nathaniel G. Wade, eds. The Cambridge Handbook of Stigma and Mental Health. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108920995.
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The persistence of stigma of mental illness and seeking therapy perpetuates suffering and keeps people from getting the help they need and deserve. This volume, analysing the most up-to-date research on this process and ways to intervene, is designed to give those who are working to overcome stigma a strong, research-based foundation for their work. Chapters address stigma reduction efforts at the individual, community, and national levels, and discuss what works and what doesn't. Others explore how holding different stigmatized identities compounds the burden of stigma and suggest ways to attend to these differences. Throughout, there is a focus on the current state of the research knowledge in the field, its applications, and recommendations for future research. The Handbook provides a compelling case for the benefits reaped from current research and intervention, and shows why continued work is needed.
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Link, Bruce G., Jo C. Phelan, and Mark L. Hatzenbuehler. Stigma as a Fundamental Cause of Health Inequality. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.4.
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Accumulating evidence shows that stigma has health-harming consequences that build health disparities between those who are stigmatized and those who are not. However, most research has considered one stigmatized status at a time as it affects (generally) one outcome at a time. Moving from this singular focus to consider all forms of stigma as they affect multiple outcomes suggests a large and pervasive effect of stigma on life chances. This chapter considers whether stigma should be classified as a “fundamental cause”—an especially pernicious social factor that remains persistently associated with health inequalities over time. The chapter concludes by observing that if the stigma-as-a-fundamental-cause idea is supported, it follows that reductive efforts to address disparities via biomedical interventions will fail. Stigma stands as a factor that needs to be addressed in its own right if health inequalities are to be addressed and population health improved.
Book chapters on the topic "Stigma reduction interventions"
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Kaufmann, Leah M., and Catherine Bridgeman. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions that Reduce Weight Stigma Towards Self or Others." In Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World, 141–88. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003042464-9.
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Jacob, Jorge, and Valerie Purdie-Greenaway. "The Stigma of Poverty and Race and Interventions to Mitigate Its Effects in Brazil and Senegal." In Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World, 235–46. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003042464-13.
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Werkhoven, Thea. "Achieving a Reduction in Weight Stigma by Providing a Holistic Education Intervention Targeting Nutrition Knowledge and Bias." In Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World, 189–202. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003042464-10.
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Brandelli Costa, Angelo, and Henrique Caetano Nardi. "Effectiveness of a Multidimensional Web-Based Intervention Program to Change Brazilian Health Practitioners' Attitudes Toward the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Population." In Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World, 127–38. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003042464-8.
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Viswasam, Nikita, Justice Rivera, Carly Comins, Amrita Rao, Carrie E. Lyons, and Stefan Baral. "The Epidemiology of HIV Among Sex Workers Around the World: Implications for Research, Programmes, and Policy." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 15–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_2.
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AbstractGlobally, sex workers of all genders and identities continue to face disproportionately high burdens of HIV, demonstrating the need for programmes better tailoring services to their unmet needs. The reasons for this high burden are complex, intersecting across behavioural, social, and structural realities experienced by sex workers. Here, we build on systematic reviews of HIV among sex workers and case studies rooted in sex workers’ lived experience to describe: (1) the global HIV burden among sex workers; (2) the factors and determinants that influence the HIV burden; (3) intervention coverage and gaps to reduce HIV-related inequities faced by sex workers, over the past decade.Sex workers living with HIV have not benefited enough from significant increases in HIV treatment among the general population. Engagement in this HIV treatment cascade is hindered by structural factors including stigma, migration, policing, criminalisation, and violence, as well as substance use, which present increasingly concurrent risks with HIV among sex workers.Emerging biomedical HIV prevention innovations exist to support the health and human rights of sex workers and reduce onward transmission risk, but persistent data gaps remain, and should be addressed via community-driven implementation research. Epidemiologic research engaging sex workers who are cismen and transgender persons is similarly crucial. Community empowerment approaches have reduced the odds of HIV infection, highlighting the case for greater investments in structural interventions. These investments, combined with filling data gaps and national action towards sex work decriminalisation alongside legal protections, are critical to achieving reductions in sex workers’ HIV burden.
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Stuart, Heather. "Best and Promising Practices in Stigma Reduction." In The Stigma of Mental Illness, 25–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197572597.003.0003.
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This chapter examines six approaches to antistigma programming, moving from broad structural interventions to specific individual-level interventions. Three of these approaches (education, contact, and protest) have been widely discussed in the antistigma literature. This chapter also examines legislative reform, advocacy, and stigma self-management strategies. Stigma reduction is likely to be enhanced when multilayered approaches are created to simultaneously address individual, organizational, cultural, and structural change. When determining what strategy may best disrupt the stigmatization process, it is important to tailor the intervention to the nature of the problem, the needs of the target audience, and the specific outcomes to be achieved. To maximize success, antistigma programs must be based on a plausible theory of change and incorporate methods to systematically monitor program outcomes.
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Stuart, Heather, and Norman Sartorius. "Using Technology to Fight Stigma." In Paradigms Lost, Paradigms Found, 166–81. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197555804.003.0010.
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Anti-stigma advocates have made good use of “older” technologies such as television, movies, radio, theater, and printed materials, to name a few. Newer digital technologies are increasingly viewed as a panacea for mental health promotion and stigma reduction. Not only can they reach vast audiences, but they are also cost-effective, relatively easy to produce, and feasible to implement in today’s technological age. Interventions specifically focusing on stigma reduction are relatively new and largely untested. Theories of change explaining why certain interventions might reduce stigma are lacking and the extant literature is relatively silent on evidence-informed approaches. Because the field is so new, with few intervention studies, technology should be viewed as an emerging practice that still requires evidence. This chapter reviews some examples of the approaches that are experimenting with technologies to reduce stigma and promote prosocial behaviors.
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Daniels, Stephen R., and Sandra G. Hassink. "The Role of the Pediatrician in Primary Prevention of Obesity." In Obesity: Stigma, Trends, and Interventions, 73–90. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022781-obesity.
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The adoption of healthful lifestyles by individuals and families can result in a reduction in many chronic diseases and conditions of which obesity is the most prevalent. Obesity prevention, in addition to treatment, is an important public health priority. This clinical report describes the rationale for pediatricians to be an integral part of the obesity-prevention effort. In addition, the 2012 Institute of Medicine report “Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention” includes health care providers as a crucial component of successful weight control. Research on obesity prevention in the pediatric care setting as well as evidence-informed practical approaches and targets for prevention are reviewed. Pediatricians should use a longitudinal, developmentally appropriate life-course approach to help identify children early on the path to obesity and base prevention efforts on family dynamics and reduction in high-risk dietary and activity behaviors. They should promote a diet free of sugar-sweetened beverages, of fewer foods with high caloric density, and of increased intake of fruits and vegetables. It is also important to promote a lifestyle with reduced sedentary behavior and with 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity. This report also identifies important gaps in evidence that need to be filled by future research.
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"5. Constructing Fat, Constructing Fat Stigma: Rethinking Weight-Reduction Interventions." In Medical Entanglements, 87–112. Rutgers University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36019/9781978806634-005.
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Luong, Dorothy, and Bonnie Kirsh. "Stigma Reduction in the General Workplace." In The Stigma of Mental Illness, 129–44. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197572597.003.0011.
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Stigma related to mental illness has unique manifestations in the workplace, and so stigma intervention in this context requires a critical understanding of the workplace and how the workplace itself may perpetuate stigma. This chapter details some of the critical issues in this context and presents a theoretical framework for workplace stigma. Models that employ features of this framework are discussed, with a focus on programs of the Mental Health Commission of Canada. These programs employ features such as a mental health continuum model, several key coping skills, and contact-based education. Evaluations of these programs are positive, and so their further use and evaluation are encouraged.
Conference papers on the topic "Stigma reduction interventions"
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Cain, Patricia. "Generating new approaches to stigma reduction interventions: Recommendations from the 2017 Weight Stigma Conference." In 6th Annual International Weight Stigma Conference. Weight Stigma Conference, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31076/2018.p20.
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Aziz, Ayesha, and Nashi Khan. "PERCEPTIONS PERTAINING TO STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION ABOUT DEPRESSION: A FOCUS GROUP STUDY OF PRIMARY CARE STAFF." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact013.
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"The present study was conducted to explore the perception and views of primary care staff about Depression related Stigma and Discrimination. The Basic Qualitative Research Design was employed and an In-Depth Semi-Structured Discussion Guide consisted of 7 question was developed on the domains of Pryor and Reeder Model of Stigma and Discrimination such as Self-Stigma, Stigma by Association, Structural Stigma and Institutional Stigma, to investigate the phenomenon. Initially, Field Test and Pilot study were conducted to evaluate the relevance and effectiveness of Focus Group Discussion Guide in relation to phenomena under investigation. The suggestions were incorporated in the final Discussion Guide and Focus Group was employed as a data collection measure for the conduction of the main study. A purposive sampling was employed to selected a sample of Primary Care Staff (Psychiatrists, Medical Officers, Clinical Psychologists and Psychiatric Nurses) to elicit the meaningful information. The participants were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry of Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) recognized Private and Public Sector hospitals of Lahore, having experience of 3 years or more in dealing with patients diagnosed with Depression. However, for Medical Officers, the experience was restricted to less than one year based on their rotation. To maintain equal voices in the Focus Group, 12 participants were approached (3 Psychiatrist, 3 Clinical Psychologists, 3 Medical Officers and 3 Psychiatric Nurses) but total 8 participants (2 Psychiatrists, 2 Medical Officers, 3 Clinical Psychologists And 1 Psychiatric Nurse) participated in the Focus Group. The Focus Group was conducted with the help of Assistant Moderator, for an approximate duration of 90 minutes at the setting according to the ease of the participants. Further, it was audio recorded and transcribed for the analysis. The Braun and Clarke Reflexive Thematic Analysis was diligently followed through a series of six steps such as Familiarization with the Data, Coding, Generating Initial Themes, Reviewing Themes, Defining and Naming Themes. The findings highlighted two main themes i.e., Determining Factors of Mental Health Disparity and Improving Treatment Regimen: Making Consultancy Meaningful. The first theme was centered upon three subthemes such as Lack of Mental Health Literacy, Detached Attachment and Components of Stigma and Discrimination. The second theme included Establishing Contact and Providing Psychoeducation as a subtheme. The results manifested the need for awareness-based Stigma reduction intervention for Primary Care Staff aims to provide training in Psychoeducation and normalization to reduce Depression related Stigma and Discrimination among patients diagnosed with Depression."
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Lee, Yuk Yee Karen, and Kin Yin Li. "THE LANDSCAPE OF ONE BREAST: EMPOWERING BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS THROUGH DEVELOPING A TRANSDISCIPLINARY INTERVENTION FRAMEWORK IN A JIANGMEN BREAST CANCER HOSPITAL IN CHINA." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact003.
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"Breast cancer is a major concern in women’s health in Mainland China. Literatures demonstrates that women with breast cancer (WBC) need to pay much effort into resisting stigma and the impact of treatment side-effects; they suffer from overwhelming consequences due to bodily disfigurement and all these experiences will be unbeneficial for their mental and sexual health. However, related studies in this area are rare in China. The objectives of this study are 1) To understand WBC’s treatment experiences, 2) To understand what kinds of support should be contained in a transdisciplinary intervention framework (TIP) for Chinese WBC through the lens that is sensitive to gender, societal, cultural and practical experience. In this study, the feminist participatory action research (FPAR) approach containing the four cyclical processes of action research was adopted. WBC’s stories were collected through oral history, group materials such as drawings, theme songs, poetry, handicraft, storytelling, and public speech content; research team members and peer counselors were involved in the development of the model. This study revealed that WBC faces difficulties returning to the job market and discrimination, oppression and gender stereotypes are commonly found in the whole treatment process. WBC suffered from structural stigma, public stigma, and self-stigma. The research findings revealed that forming a critical timeline for intervention is essential, including stage 1: Stage of suspected breast cancer (SS), stage 2: Stage of diagnosis (SD), stage 3: Stage of treatment and prognosis (ST), and stage 4: Stage of rehabilitation and integration (SRI). Risk factors for coping with breast cancer are treatment side effects, changes to body image, fear of being stigmatized both in social networks and the job market, and lack of personal care during hospitalization. Protective factors for coping with breast cancer are the support of health professionals, spouses, and peers with the same experience, enhancing coping strategies, and reduction of symptom distress; all these are crucial to enhance resistance when fighting breast cancer. Benefit finding is crucial for WBC to rebuild their self-respect and identity. Collaboration is essential between 1) Health and medical care, 2) Medical social work, 3) Peer counselor network, and 4) self-help organization to form the TIF for quality care. The research findings are crucial for China Health Bureau to develop medical social services through a lens that is sensitive to gender, societal, cultural, and practical experiences of breast cancer survivors and their families."