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Journal articles on the topic 'Stimulation of labour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Losheniuk, Oksana. "The concept of regulation of international labour migration in Ukraine." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 3(85) (August 8, 2017): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2017.03.064.

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The article deals with challenges and opportunities for international labour migration in Ukraine. It is stressed that the approach to regulation of international labour migration should be comprehensive and should encompass a whole range of factors influencing migration flows, which will ensure making appropriate economic and social changes. The present concept of regulation of international labour migration in Ukraine is analyzed and the need for its improvement is discussed. The priority goals of the Concept of State Migration Policy in Ukraine are highlighted. It is stated that state migration policy is carried out in both emigration and immigration. Some of the key factors of immigration and emigration are identified. It is proved that migration policy in Ukraine is being shaped towards the European Union, which envisages a mutually beneficial redistribution of human resources over the countries. The paper claims, that achieving the quality of life as high as in the EU countries is a key demand for the integration into the European Union. It is emphasized that the existing legislation on migration has some weak points related to developing and fulfilling human potential of migrants. A range of measures to regulate international labour migration is introduced. Based on the research findings, the following actions are proposed to meet the aims of regulation of international labour migration in Ukraine: reduction of emigration from Ukraine by improving its socio-economic status; training and retraining of potential emigrants tailored to the specific characteristics of labor market growth in the country; stimulation of internal mobility aimed at the reduction of emigration; regulation of external employment of Ukrainian citizens; creation of conditions for attracting and efficient using of migrants’ money transfers; using transnational connections of migrants; halting the employment of national human resources; stimulation of immigration attractiveness for certain professional; halting illegal and undesirable migration; regulation of immigrants in Ukraine; legalization of illegal present immigrants; signing bilateral agreements between countries on return migration; stimulating re-emigration; protection of the rights and interests of labour migrants in Ukraine and abroad.

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Rawat, Varsha, Anil Kumar Parashar, and Suresh K. Sharma. "Management of Labour Pain by using non-pharmacological Measures." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss10.3461.

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Introduction: Pain during childbirth is a special experience of a woman that vary from one individual to another, that is caused by uterine contractions and cervical dilatation during labour. Nature and level of pain influence by various physiology, psychology and environmental factors. Thus, pain relief during childbirth is essential therefore, the delivery period will be uneventful. Non-pharmacological pain relief measures: Controlling pain without harm to mother, non-pharmacological measures assure in reducing labour pain with less or even no harm to the mother and fetus. These measures include sensory stimulation measures eg. breathing technique, aromatherapy and music therapy that provides sensory input to the brain to promote relaxation, enhance positive thoughts and transmission of nociceptive stimuli of pain during labour and cutaneous stimulation measures include back massage, changing position, heat and cold application, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hydrotherapy and acupressure that work as to stimulation of nerves by using skin manipulation in an attempt to reduce pain impulses to the brain. Conclusion: The major aspects of midwifery care are supporting women during labour pain thus, they must understand the choices of the mother's for manage with labour pain. However, non-pharmacological measures are helpful for decelerating pain and discomfort during labour which is easy to given and cost-effective. Key Words: Breathing technique, aromatherapy and music therapy, back massage, changing position, application of heat and cold, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupressure and hydrotherapy.

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Szczęsny, Małgorzata. "SOCIAL, LEGAL AND ECONOMIC BARRIERS OF EMPLOYMENT STIMULATION IN SELECTED GROUPS OF THE UNEMPLOYED." Polityka Społeczna 563, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0284.

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There are a lot of determinants of registration at the labour office, many so, as many as there is individual people life situation, which are unemployed. Also exist numerous barriers of employment stimulation in selected groups of the unemployed, registered at the labour office. One can divide the barriers of employment stimulation in researched groups of unemployed into three categories: social, legal and economic. The goal of present study is presenting the interdisciplinary perspective in complex issue of employment stimulation and the barriers of taking job in selected groups of the unemployed in social, legal and economic point of view. The present article based on many years’ empirical researches, led in the labour offices.

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Волковицкая. "LABOUR BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT: sociological aspect." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 2, no. 2 (April 10, 2013): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/277.

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The process of labor activity stimulation and labor behavior management is considered in this article. Whereas one of important tasks of modern companies is the search for effective management practices, the motivational types of workers and labor behavior specifi city as necessary conditions for labor incentive system building are analyzed in this article.

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Kavanagh, J., A. J. Kell, and J. Thomas. "Breast Stimulation for Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labour." Birth 32, no. 4 (June 28, 2008): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0730-7659.2005.00391.x.

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Sowa, Magdalena, Katarzyna Ciechanowska, and Iwona Głowacka. "Zastosowanie elektroterapii TENS w łagodzeniu bólu porodowego / Application of TENS electrotherapy in alleviating labour pain." Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pielxxiw-2016-0020.

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Abstract Introduction. Easing labour pain is an extremely important issue in obstetric practice. Various physiotherapy methods are increasingly often applied in obstetric practice. Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) aiming at central and peripheral modulation of pain sensation is one of them.Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) on easing labour pain.Summary. The TENS method is regarded as effective since it increases both the pain threshold and secretion of endogenous opioids. Non-pharmacological methods of pain management during labour, including electrotherapy TENS methods are safe and can be used in most patients.

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7

BORTOLUZZI, GABRIELLE. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Labour: Practicality and Effectiveness in a Public Hospital Labour Ward." Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 35, no. 2 (1989): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60498-0.

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8

Veyilmuthu, Ramamoorthy, Sumathi Govindan, Mahalakshmi Venugopalan, and Seetha Panicker. "Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on labour pain relief among primigravida and multigravida mothers." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 3 (February 19, 2017): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170569.

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Background: TENS by neuro-physiological means seems to help in relieving labour pain. Most of the pregnant women are not aware of the coping strategies for labour pain. As a result they tend to be restless and stress themselves by shouting or screaming due to pain. By using TENS, women in labour can save their energy without stressing themselves and make use of the saved energy for pushing the fetus during the second stage of labour. The objective was to analyze the effect of TENS on relieving labour pain among the postnatal mothers who had used TENS to cope up with the labour pain.Methods: Data collected from 1041 women [Primipara (n=702) and Multipara (n=339)] who used TENS to cope up pain throughout the labour was used for this retrospective study.Results: 88% of women had vaginal delivery and only 12% of women had cesarean section. More than 50% of both primiparous and multiparous women who had normal and vacuum assisted vaginal delivery experienced excellent pain relief using TENS. Almost 40 % of both primiparous and multiparous women who had forceps delivery and lower segment cesarean section experienced excellent pain relief using TENS. Except 2% of women with normal vaginal delivery, none of them stated that there was no relief of pain using TENS.Conclusions: TENS had a very good effect in coping up the labour pain and could be used during the first and second stages of labour.

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Volokhova, M. A., and S. G. Glukhov. "ORGANIZATIONAL-ECONOMIC METHOD OF STIMULATION OF LABOUR IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Экономика сельского хозяйства России, no. 8 (2018): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32651/2070-0288-2018-8-41-45.

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Carroll, Dawn, Martin Tramer, Henry McQuay, Bethany Nye, and Andrew Moore. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in labour pain: a systematic review." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 104, no. 2 (February 1997): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11039.x.

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van der Spank, J. T., D. C. Cambier, H. M. C. De Paepe, L. A. G. Danneels, E. E. Witvrouw, and L. Beerens. "Pain relief in labour by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 264, no. 3 (November 17, 2000): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040000099.

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12

Митрофанова and Elena Mitrofanova. "Lectures on the Discipline «Motivation and Stimulation of Labour Activity» (Part 9th)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 3, no. 1 (February 10, 2014): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2627.

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Кибанов and Ardalon Kibanov. "LECTURES ON DISCIPLINE “MOTIVATION AND STIMULATION OF LABOUR ACTIVITY” (part 3)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 1, no. 3 (December 18, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/123.

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Кибанов, Ardalon Kibanov, Ловчева, and Marina Lovcheva. "Lectures on discipline «Motivation and stimulation of labour activity» (part 4)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2013): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/200.

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Yildirim, Gulay, and Nevin Hotun Sahin. "The Effect of Breathing and Skin Stimulation Techniques on Labour Pain Perception of Turkish Women." Pain Research and Management 9, no. 4 (2004): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/686913.

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OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of breathing techniques and nurse-administered massage on the pain perception of pregnant woman during labour.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:The present study was conducted among pregnant women (75% primiparous) admitted to the SSK Bakirkoy Women and Children’s Hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) between January 1, and September 1, 2000. The patients were in their 38th to 42nd week of pregnancy, not at high risk and expected to have normal vaginal delivery. They were selected from volunteers by nonrandom sampling.STUDY DESIGN:The present study involved 40 cases, with 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. Data were obtained through the visual analogue scale, inspection form, observation form and postnatal interview form. The study investigators provided information about labour, breathing techniques and massage to the pregnant women assigned to the experimental group at the beginning of labour (latent phase). A study investigator also accompanied them during labour. These women received nurse-administered massage and were encouraged to breathe and perform self-administered massage. They were also instructed to change their positions and to relax.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Study results demonstrated that nursing support and patient-directed education concerning labour and nonpharmacological pain control methods (eg, breathing and cutaneous stimulation techniques) were effective in reducing the perception of pain by pregnant women (when provided in the latent labour phase before delivery), leading to a more satisfactory birth experience.

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Митрофанова and Elena Mitrofanova. "LECTURES ON DISCIPLINE “MOTIVATION AND STIMULATION OF LABOUR ACTIVITY” (part 2)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 1, no. 2 (September 20, 2012): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1624.

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Кибанов and Ardalon Kibanov. "LECTURES ON DISCIPLINE “MOTIVATION AND STIMULATION OF LABOUR ACTIVITY” (part 5)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 2, no. 2 (April 10, 2013): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/264.

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Митрофанова and Elena Mitrofanova. "Lectures on discipline “motivation and stimulation of labour activity” (part 6)." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/544.

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MacLennan, Alastair Harvey, Fung Yee Chan, and Kerena Eckert. "The Safety of Vaginal Prostaglandin F2α for the Stimulation of Labour." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 34, no. 2 (May 1994): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1994.tb02679.x.

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20

Toppozada, Mokhtar K., Said A. Shaala, Ahmed A. A. Ismail, Mohamed M. Osman, Kamel M. Ziedan, Ahmed A. Hammouda, and Medhat M. Anwar. "Nasal Administration of Prostaglandins for Uterine Stimulation and Induction of Labour." Asia-Oceania Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 14, no. 1 (May 24, 2010): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1988.tb00070.x.

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Suresh, Vinitha. "A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Nipple Stimulation in the Progress of Labour among Primipara Women during First Stage of Labour in Selected Hospital of Jabalpur (M.P.)." Indian Journal of Holistic Nursing 10, no. 01 (November 19, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2348.2133.201901.

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Vixner, Linda, Lena B. Mårtensson, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, and Erica Schytt. "Manual and Electroacupuncture for Labour Pain: Study Design of a Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/943198.

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Introduction. Results from previous studies on acupuncture for labour pain are contradictory and lack important information on methodology. However, studies indicate that acupuncture has a positive effect on women’s experiences of labour pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different acupuncture stimulations, manual or electrical stimulation, compared with standard care in the relief of labour pain as the primary outcome. This paper will present in-depth information on the design of the study, following the CONSORT and STRICTA recommendations.Methods. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial based on western medical theories. Nulliparous women with normal pregnancies admitted to the delivery ward after a spontaneous onset of labour were randomly allocated into one of three groups: manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, or standard care. Sample size calculation gave 101 women in each group, including a total of 303 women. A Visual Analogue Scale was used for assessing pain every 30 minutes for five hours and thereafter every hour until birth. Questionnaires were distributed before treatment, directly after the birth, and at one day and two months postpartum. Blood samples were collected before and after the first treatment. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01197950.

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Keelan, J. A., P. Wong, and P. S. Bird. "217. Inflammatory stimulation of human decidual cells by periodontopathic bacteria." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 9 (2008): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs217.

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Periodontal disease is associated with increased risk of preterm birth, although a mechanistic connection has not yet been confirmed. We hypothesised that circulating endotoxins (e.g. lipopolysaccharide, LPS) from periodontopathic organisms might possess the ability to exert highly potent immunostimulatory effects in extraplacental membranes, thereby triggering inflammatory activation sufficient to precipitate preterm labour and birth in the absence of overt intrauterine infection. We therefore tested the stimulatory effects of LPS prepared from three periodontopathic bacteria [porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitants (A.a), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n)] in comparison with ‘standard' LPS from E.Coli (O55:B5). Human decidual cells were isolated by collagenase/dispase digestion with Percoll purification from term decidual membranes delivered before the onset of labour by Caesarean section. Cells were stimulated overnight with 0.02, 0.2 and 2 mg/L LPS or equivalent doses of whole cell non-viable bacteria. As an index of inflammatory stimulation, cytokine (TNF-α) production was measured by ELISA and normalised to cellular protein. The different LPS preparations all stimulated decidual cytokine production, with ranked potencies as follows: Ec > Aa > Fn > > Pg. Maximal stimulation of TNF-α production achieved was 15-, 4.5-, 23- and 7-fold above control by Ec, Aa, Fn and Pg, respectively. Overall, the LPS preparations were more potent stimulators than whole cell bacteria, achieving greater levels of stimulation at lower doses. However, whole cell Aa was notable for its inflammatory effects, generating a >60-fold increase in TNF-α levels relative to control at the highest dose tested (2 mg/L). These data highlight wide variability in the ability of periodontopathic bacteria to stimulate an inflammatory response in the human decidua, both in terms of their potency and efficacy. The potential significance of bacterial molecular patterns other than LPS as potential triggers of inflammation-driven preterm labour warrants further investigation.

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Odnoshevna, Olha. "OPTIMIZATION OF SALARY CALCULATIONS AND EMPLOYEES’ LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY STIMULATION AT THE ENTERPRISE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 3, no. 1 (2017): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2017-3-1-64-68.

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Thomas, I. L., V. Tyle, J. Webster, and A. Neilson. "An Evaluation of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Pain Relief in Labour." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 28, no. 3 (August 1988): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1988.tb01660.x.

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Tsen, Lawrence C., John Thomas, Scott Segal, Sanjay Datta, and Angela M. Bader. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation does not augment combined spinal epidural labour analgesia." Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie 47, no. 1 (January 2000): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03020729.

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Niven, Catherine A., and Karel J. Gijsbers. "Do low levels of labour pain reflect low sensitivity to noxious stimulation?" Social Science & Medicine 29, no. 4 (January 1989): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(89)90204-9.

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Yadava, Pushpa A., Nausheen N. Gogia, Shital T. Mehta, Shashwat K. Jani, and Silkey Mittal. "Analysis of labour by modified WHO partograph in primigravida and multigravida term patients: an observational study." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221454.

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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of a partograph to follow labor and delivery, with the aim of improving health care and reducing maternal and foetal mortality. The partograph is a graphic representation of events of labour and is an effective visual resource for early detection of abnormal progress of labour and prevention of prolonged labour. The aim of this study is to use partograph to monitor labor, analyse cervical effacement and dilatation, uterine contraction, foetal presentation while avoiding uterine hypo-stimulation, hyperstimulation and reducing the risk of sepsis, obstructed labor or postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).Methods: This was a single year hospital-based observational study conducted in 2021 of the deliveries in Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (SVPIMSR) and Sheth V.S General Hospital, Ahmedabad. Analysis of labor of 60 randomly selected patients was done using WHO modified partograph. The patients were classified as primigravida and multigravida. The partograph recording started at 4cm dilatation, continuous maternal and foetal monitoring was ensured throughout the labor and partogram was plotted against time in hours. Any deviations from the normal course were recorded.Results: In this observational study, 60 patients were analysed. They were classified into primigravida and multigravida and based on the recordings from partograph further classified into mode of delivery. 3 out of 26 primigravida and 1 out of 34 multigravida patients underwent caesarean deliveries. 25 patients crossed the alert line and 4 patients crossed the action line. 5 deliveries out of 60 had APGAR score of <7 at 5 minutes.Conclusions: The WHO modified partograph is highly effective in reducing both maternal and neonatal morbidity. It is an excellent visual resource to analyse cervical effacement and dilatation, uterine contraction and foetal presentation in relation to time. It is effective in early detection of abnormal progress of labor, prevention of prolonged labor, obstructed labor, PPH and improvement in neonatal outcome.

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Idrisa, A., K. A. Obisesan, and J. A. Adeleye. "Fetal membrane sweeping for stimulation of labour in prolonged pregnancy. A controlled study." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 13, no. 4 (January 1993): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01443619309151847.

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Skripnik, Aleksandr N. "METHODS OF STIMULATION OF LABOUR DISCIPLINE AT SOVIET DEFENSE ENTERPRISES IN 1941–1945." Economic History 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.044.015.201901.091-102.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to methods of maintaining labor discipline at enterprises of the Soviet industry. The relevance lies in the possibility of more fully assessing such an important component for the successful functioning of economy as labor discipline. The problem of maintaining labor discipline in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War is touched upon. The goal is to identify the main methods of maintaining labor discipline in Soviet enterprises during the wartime and evaluate their effectiveness. The main task of the paper is to analyze the archival documents, scientific monographs for revealing the main methods of management of enterprises to maintain discipline. Materials and Methods. The main materials in the study of the topic were the funds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Moscow City Archive. The author used the historical-comparative method and the historical-genetic method. Results. The main arsenal of methods of maintaining discipline at enterprises in the USSR was revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. The data obtained allow us to understand the basic tools of the Soviet leadership in enterprises in the wartime and to improve our understanding of the functioning of the Soviet economy during the Second World War.

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&NA;. "▪ Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Does Not Augment Combined Spinal Epidural Labour Analgesia." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 20, no. 2 (June 2000): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132582-200020020-00016.

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Pajntar, Marjan, and Drago Rudel. "Changes in Electromyographic Activity of the Cervix after Stimulation of Labour with Oxytocin." Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 31, no. 4 (1991): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000293159.

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Митрофанова and Elena Mitrofanova. "Lectures on discipline "Motivation and stimultion of labour activity"." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 1, no. 1 (April 25, 2012): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1718.

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Given article opens a series of the publications shining prospects of development of educative and methodical maintenance (textbooks, abstracts of lectures and so forth) preparations of bachelors and masters in a direction «Human resource management». The author brings to attention of readers the abstract of lectures on discipline «Motivation and stimulation of labor activity» under the program of preparation of bachelors.

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Vdovenko, Nataliia, Мykola Sakhatskyi, Olga Orlova-Kurilova, and Serhii Serhiienko. "MANAGEMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF STIMULATION OF PARTNERSHIP RELATIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAINTENANCE OF ECONOMIC SAFETY." Institute of accounting, control and analysis in the globalization circumstances, no. 1-2 (June 4, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/ibo2021.01-02.060.

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Introduction. The labour market is one of the key in the market economy. In turn, the level of adjustment of the use of the factor "labour" determines the effectiveness of the use of factors "capital" and "land". The factor of "labour" is inherently social and economic. On the one hand, social and demographic processes determine the total population, its distribution by sex and age groups and opportunities for participation in production. On the other hand, the economic characteristics of the welfare of the population determine its opportunities for education, training, realization of professional abilities, participation in the processes of social division of labour. In Ukraine, it is important to carry out balanced reforms in the labour market based on identifying general trends, researching existing challenges and justifying areas of advisory support for its market transformation, which determines the relevance of the study in theoretical and practical terms. Therefore, the aim of the article was to identify general trends, existing challenges and areas of advisory support for labour market reform. Methods. The dialectical method of cognition and the system method for studying the issues of labour market reform and advisory support for the implementation of such processes are chosen as the theoretical basis of the article. In writing the article, general scientific methods of cognition were used, namely: methods of analysis, synthesis, analogies, economic and statistical, graphic, expert, generalization method. The method of economic and statistical analysis is used to determine the main trends in the labour market, graphical - to visualize the results, the expert method - to reveal the features of advisory support of market transformation; methods of analysis, synthesis and analogies - to identify approaches to solving existing problems, the method of generalization to form the conclusions of the study. Results. - the main trends in the labour market of Ukraine are identified, some of which are: trends in the decrease of the total population (by 15%), the number of economically active population (by 20%), the level of economic activity of the population (by 2.6%). There was also a decrease in the unemployment rate by 3.2% and the reasons for unemployment of the registered unemployed; - stressed the importance of taking into account the existing challenges in the preparation of documents on labour market reform, one of the most important of which is the spread of globalization and the need to innovate to ensure the proper level of product competitiveness in the market; - proved the expediency, in public terms, taking into account not only economic but also social components in the process of structural transformations in the labour market; - the importance of involving various social forces in solving the existing problems of labour market reform is emphasized, accordingly, the involvement of public and private advisory services and increasing control over their activities in the implementation of any reform measures will be effective; - the directions of advisory support of labour market reform are substantiated, the main essence of which is: accentuation of efforts to solve problems of organizational structuring of the labour market in the context of preparation of answers to existing challenges. ) in ensuring the increase of competitiveness of its products and alternative professional change of activity. Discussion. Prospects for further research are to determine the features of the involvement of public and private advisory services and their interaction in solving public problems with public authorities. Keywords: labour market, reforms, tendencies, challenges, directions of advisory support, social efficiency.

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Ambrosi De la Cadena, Marco. "Labour and consumption. A new opportunity for capitalism resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic." Religación. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades 5, no. 26 (December 22, 2020): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.46652/rgn.v5i26.735.

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The article presents a philosophical discussion about how the economic restructuring after the COVID-19 recession is based on two main factors: labour precariousness and consumption stimulation. From a review of data and literature about global economic growth and incomes from big companies like Amazon, it is possible to suggest that capitalism is facing a decline yet not a structural crisis. Nonetheless, labour after the outbreak is damaged by the application of flexibilization and informality – particularly telecommuting and immaterial labour – as seen in countries like Ecuador, Italy, India, and United States. Also, companies and governments are calling for a boost of consumption to save the economy based on fiscal policies, consumerism, and a ‘cleaning’ of consumption. In conclusion, a theoretical alternative is a microphysics of struggle understood as a politicization of the private space and a re-definition of labour as a material activity that requires better conditions for workers.

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Skorobogac, V. A., and A. B. Karpov. "Strategizing life cycle of employees’ labour productivity and motivation." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2020-2-149-157.

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The article deals with the most frequently used means of stimulating employees to increase their productivity. The authors raise the actual question of how effective these methods are and how they influence the staff costs. The article points out that it is extremely important to study the stimulation of employees and to implement the method of analysis of motivation and productivity based on the employee’s life cycle for industrial enterprises. It explores modern research of existence of cyclicity both in organizational development and in employees’ labour activity. The submitted data about the changes in involvement and productivity of employees of the pharmaceutical company which depended on their work experience allowed assuming that an employee’s labour productivity and motivation must have a certain life cycle. The authors made a graph of how labour productivity varies at the different stages of the employee’s life cycle according to the period of work in the company. They adduce a detailed description of each stage of the life cycle, variations of the employee’s work behavior and the direction of his motivation. They suggest recommendations to reveal his professional potential and increase his labour productivity depending on the employee’s position on a certain stage of his life cycle. The authors point out that it is highly important for a company’s top manager to understand and define the stage of his employees’ life cycle correctly. Implementing the method of defining work potential will let top managers solve the key tasks in working with their staff: increasing labour productivity, employees’ involvement and work motivation, maintenance and enhancement of the most prospective employees, providing optimal conditions for realization of each employee’s abilities and potential and decreasing staff turnover in the company.

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Bagirova, Anna P., and Oksana M. Shubat. "Models of Grandparents’ Labour in the Socio-Economic Space of Russia." Economy of Region 17, no. 1 (March 2021): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-1-15.

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Foreign researchers consider the phenomenon of grandparents’ labour in the framework of the economy of parental labour. Since the early 2000s, Russian scientists have been actively studying this problem due to high socio-economic disparity of Russian regions, and important strategic objectives stated in the Demography National Project and the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025. We identified and described specific regional situations, namely, models of grandparents’ labour in the socio-economic space of the country. To analyse grandparents’ labour, we examined individual questions of the “Comprehensive monitoring of living conditions” survey published by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). The research methodology includes both hierarchical (based on Ward’s method, the square of the Euclidean distance, and other measures) and non-hierarchical cluster analysis (the k-means method). We proposed a method for studying grandparents’ labour based on research of parental labour and international demographic studies on grandparenthood. The empirical analysis revealed 6 models of grandparents’ labour in the socio-economic space of Russia. These models differ in the level and intensity of involvement of older women in the sphere of grandparents’ labour and their potential in this area. For each model of grandparents’ labour, we identified the core regions (groups of regions) involved in the clustering. We explained why the government should be interested in the activation and stimulation of grandparents’ labour in Russian regions. Further research should focus on examining the particularities of grandparents’ labour depending on the actors: men, grandparents living with their grandchildren and apart from them, living in the same city, in the same or different regions of Russia.

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Rogov, Viacheslav. "STIMULATION AND INCENTIVES IN ECONOMICS: DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION." Economic Analysis, no. 27(2) (2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.02.030.

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Introduction. The incentives play the essential role in economics. Their purpose can be determined as the growth of labour productivity, the development of enterprises, regions and national economy. Nowadays Ukrainian and foreign scholars pay special attention to incentives issues. However, despite of a large number of views and approaches, there is still an inconformity regarding the understanding of the economic content of stimulation and incentives, as well as their unified classification. Purpose. The aim of the study is to carry out the analysis of existing interpretations of the concepts of "incentives" and "stimulation" and to formulate their essential characteristics and author's definition on its basis. Results. Scholars’ views on the essence of economic stimulation and incentives categories have been considered. The definitions of the concepts of "stimulation", "enterprise development stimulation", "the economic stimulation system of enterprise development" have been formulated. It has been found out that not only the state, but also non-state institutions can act as a subject of stimulation: banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, etc. Three levels of economic stimulation: micro-, meso- and macrostimulation are determined. The classification of incentives have been suggested.

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Munira, Serajoom, Fatema Begum, Farhana Dewan, Sadia Mahfiza Khanam, Aftabun Nahar, Jobaida Sultana, and Sabina Hussain. "Clinical Outcome Following Induction of Labour with Misoprostol." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 6, no. 2 (March 7, 2017): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v6i2.31767.

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Background: Induction of labour in the third trimester of pregnancy may be considered beneficial in many clinical circumstances.Objective: The aim of this study was to find the effectiveness and safety of a novel dosing regimen of oral misoprostol in a Bangladeshi sample.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from October 2008 to September 2009 based on the guideline of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Fifty nine cases were enrolled according to inclusion criteria by clinical pelvimetry and bishop scoring. Contracted pelvis, evidence of cephalopelvic disproportion, placenta previa, unexplained vaginal bleeding, grand multipara, fetal malpresentation, previous uterine scar and fetal distress cases were excluded. Misoprostol was administered per orally. Maternal outcome was assessed by normal vaginal delivery, caesarean section, maternal distress, perineal tear, cervical tear, uterine hyper-stimulation and fetal outcome was assessed in the form of fetal distress, meconium stained amnions, neonatal admission, perinatal death and no complication. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v 13. Probability value was set at P<0.05 for statistical significance.Results: Mean age was 25.69(5.04) years and mean age of gestation was 38.23(4.3) weeks and 59% were in regular antenatal checkup. Misoprostol was administered orally, 15% single, 37% double, 34% three and l4% were more than three doses. Following induction, 85% had normal vaginal delivery, 10% caesarean section and 5% had forceps delivery. For induction, 56% were due to preeclampsia, eclampsia & other pregnancy induced hypertension, 10% postdated pregnancy, 9% were unfavorable cervix, 7% IUD, l4% elective cases due to medical disorder, 2% had premature rupture of membrane, other causes were 3%. By bishop score assessment 54% had unfavorable and 46% had favorable cervix. In neonate's outcome, 34% had no complications, 19% meconium stained, 19% neonatal admission, 9% fetal distress and 20% had perinatal death including IUD. In maternal outcome, 69% no complications, 10% perineal tear, 10% caesarean section, 3% maternal distress, 3% cervical tear, 2% uterine hyper-stimulation, 2% episiotomy. There were no significant differences.Conclusions: Stepwise oral misoprostol was well tolerated with no increase in maternal side effects. There was also a trend towards more fetal safety in the oral misoprostol. Perhaps the most significant finding of our study is the lower cesarean section rate in the women who received the oral regimen.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):49-52

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van der Ploeg, M. J., M. H. A. Vervest, L. A. Liem, and H. J. Schagen van Leeuwen. "Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) during the first stage of labour: a randomized clinical trial." Pain 68, no. 1 (November 1996): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(96)03141-7.

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Lee, Edwin W. C., Ivis W. Y. Chung, Janet Y. L. Lee, Pansy W. Y. Lam, and Robert K. H. Chin. "The Role of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Management of Labour in Obstetric Patients." Asia-Oceania Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 16, no. 3 (May 24, 2010): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1990.tb00234.x.

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Noori, Bewar, and Awaz Saeed. "Indications of Labor Induction at Delivery Room of Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil City." Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 4, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 41–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2021.05.

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Background and objectives: Induction of labour means stimulation of contractions before the birth starts spontaneously, with or without ruptured membranes. The most common indications include oligohydramnios, pre-labour rupture of the membranes, high blood pressure during pregnancy, severe fetal growth restriction, post-term pregnancy, and var-ious maternal medical conditions such as chronic hypertension and diabetes. The aim of the study was to find out the different indications of labour and associated obstetrical factors in a local tertiary hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 parturient women who attended a delivery room in the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil City from the period of 2nd June to 2nd October 2020. After reviewing the literature, a questionnaire was pre-pared to obtain socio-demographic data, data related to reproductive characteristic and data related to the indications for labour induction. The data were analyzed using descrip-tive and inferential statistical approaches. Results: The study included 120 patients with the highest percentage of the patients (49.1%) were 16 to 23 years old and more than half of the sample (51.6%) had a post-term pregnancy, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia (15%). There were highly significant statistical differences between parity, gestational age and indication of labour induction, and significant differences between gravidity and antenatal care visits and indi-cations for labour induction. Conclusions: The majority of the sample had a post-term pregnancy of 40 and 42 weeks as an indication for induction of labour followed by gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, oligohydramnios and pre-labour rupture of membrane. There was a statistical-ly significant difference between the antenatal care visit and parity with the induction of labour.

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Nuttall, Joce, Louise Thomas, and Linda Henderson. "Formative interventions in leadership development in early childhood education: The potential of double stimulation." Journal of Early Childhood Research 16, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x16664555.

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This article critiques the usefulness of double stimulation, a key concept in Vygotskian analyses of human development, with leaders in early childhood services in Australia. A series of formative interventions was conducted to identify and address systemic tensions that were confounding leaders’ attempts to realise a central object of activity in their work: the development of their staff in order to enhance children’s learning. An example of double stimulation is drawn from workshop comments and interviews with one of the participating leaders. The article elaborates on a tension identified between explicit cultural expectations of professionalism and an implicit division of labour that position leaders as having the primary responsibility for solving problems of practice. The article concludes by reflecting on the usefulness of double stimulation in fostering sustainable leadership practices in early childhood education.

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Akpan, Ubong, Chinyere Akpanika, Victor Nwagbara, Udeme Asibong, and Saturday Etuk. "Uterine Rupture with Evisceration of Intestines through the Vagina during Labour." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019 (December 20, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5234641.

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Uterine rupture is a life threatening obstetric emergency and is associated with high maternal and perinatal mortality. There are some risk factors associated with uterine rupture which may include: prolonged obstructed labour, previous scarred uterus, grand-multiparity, macrosomic baby, abnormal lie, instrumental delivery, induction of labour, oxytocin stimulation and excessive uterine manipulation. Its modes of presentation have been widely reported. Here, we present a case with an unusual mode of presentation where about two-third of the small intestines protruded through the vagina following some manipulations by an unskilled birth attendant. This highlights the fact that when uterine rupture is suspected, the cord-like structure protruding per vaginum may not always be umbilical cord.

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Yuen, Kevin C. J. "Glucagon Testing in Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency – Current Status and Future Perspectives." European Endocrinology 7, no. 2 (2010): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/ee.2011.07.02.104.

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Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adults is a recognised clinical syndrome and its diagnosis is established through GH stimulation testing. The decision to perform GH stimulation testing should be based on clinical findings, medical history and using the appropriate GH stimulation test to obtain biochemical evidence. The insulin tolerance test (ITT) remains the diagnostic test of choice, but this test is labour intensive, contraindicated in the elderly and in adults with seizure disorders and ischaemic heart disease, can be unpleasant for the patient, and is potentially hazardous. The glucagon stimulation test (GST) in recent years has been increasingly used as the alternative test to the ITT in the US and Europe because of its availability, reproducibility, safety, lack of influence by gender and hypothalamic cause of GHD, and relatively few contraindications. In the article, we discuss our recommendations in performing this test, the potential drawbacks in conducting and caveats in interpreting this test, and its future perspectives.

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Singh, Nilanchali, Reva Tripathi, Yedla Manikya Mala, and Niharika Yedla. "Breast Stimulation in Low-Risk Primigravidas at Term: Does It Aid in Spontaneous Onset of Labour and Vaginal Delivery? A Pilot Study." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/695037.

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Aims. The aim of the study was to elicit the safety and efficacy of breast stimulation as an intervention to prevent postdatism and as an aid in spontaneous onset of labour.Methods. Primigravidas with cephalic presentation, without any high-risk factor, were recruited between 36 to 38 weeks of gestation. 200 patients were recruited and randomized into two groups (n= 100). Breast stimulation was advised to one group but not to the other group. Bishop’s scoring was done at 38 weeks and repeated at 39 weeks of gestation. Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared in two groups.Result. Bishop’s score changed from 3.12 (±1.01) to 3.9 (±1.08) in control group and from 3.02 (±0.82) to 6.08 (±1.29) in breast stimulation group after one week (Pvalue < 0.0001). The period of gestation at delivery was 39.5 (±2.3) weeks in control group and 39.2 (±2.8) weeks in intervention group (Pvalue: 0.044). There were increased chances of vaginal delivery in intervention group (Pvalue: 0.046). Duration of labor, hyperstimulation, presence of meconium stained liquor, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal outcomes were similar in both groups.Conclusion. Breast stimulation in low-risk primigravidas helps in cervical ripening and increases chances of vaginal delivery.

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Czech, Iwona, Piotr Fuchs, Anna Fuchs, Miłosz Lorek, Dominika Tobolska-Lorek, Agnieszka Drosdzol-Cop, and Jerzy Sikora. "Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief—Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 9, 2018): 2792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122792.

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Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relief methods and to compare them. Materials and methods: 258 women were included in the study and interviewed using a questionnaire and the visual analogue scale for pain. They were divided into six groups depending on chosen method of labour pain relief: epidural anaesthesia (EA; n = 42), water immersion and water birth (WB; n = 40), nitrous oxide gas for pain control (G; n = 40), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) (n = 50), multiple management (MM; n = 42), none (N; n = 44). Results: The average age of the women was 29.4 ± 3.74 years and 60.47% of them were nulliparous (n = 156). Mean values of labour pain intensity were 6.81 ± 2.26 during the first stage of labour; 7.86 ± 2.06 during the second stage, and 3.22 ± 2.46 during the third stage. There was no significant difference in pain level between epidural analgesia and gas groups in the first stage of labour (p = 0.74). Nevertheless, epidural analgesia reduced pain level during the second and third stage (both p < 0.01). The highest satisfaction level pertains to water immersion (n = 38; 95%). Conclusion: Epidural analgesia is the gold standard of labour pain relief, however water birth was found to be associated with the highest satisfaction level of the parturient women. The contentment of childbirth depends not only on the level of experienced pain, but also on the care provided to the parturient during pregnancy and labour.

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Báez Suárez, A., E. Martin Castillo, J. Garcia Andujar, J. A. Garcia Hernadez, M. P. Quintana Montesdeoca, D. Álamo Arce, and J. F. Loro Ferrer. "Satisfaction in the management of pain during labour with the use of transcutaneous nerve stimulation." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 61 (July 2018): e476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.1111.

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Kosyak, A. "ORGANIZATION AND REGISTRATION-ANALYTICAL PROVIDING OF CALCULATIONS FROM SALARY IN SYSTEM MANAGEMENT BY COMMUNAL ENTERPRISES." Series: Economic scienceue/view/124 2, no. 155 (April 3, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-2-155-41-47.

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The problem of the use of labour resources and remuneration of labour is actual enough for today. The ques-tion of economic essence and value of "salary" and "remuneration of labour" is investigational in the article, the legislative adjusting and normatively-legal providing is considered in Ukraine of remuneration of labour, registration-analytical providing of calculations with workers from a salary in control system of communal enterprises, organization of account of calculations is investigational from a salary, forms and systems of remuneration of labour are reasonable, directions of improvement offer. On results undertaken a study it is set that a salary is a money term of cost and cost of commodity, she serves as payment of services of labour of workers, represents socio-economic position in a national economy and stand-ard of living in society. Theoretical and practical consideration of questions about calculations from the remuneration of labour has an actual value, as a remuneration of labour is the important enough link of the system of sociallabour relations and most thorny in a decision socio-economic problem. The questions of salary are regulated by the wide enough circle of legislative and normative documents, that every workplace of accountant, accountable for a certain area account of calculations must be provided from a salary. The major constituents of organization of remuneration of labour are setting of norms of labour, tariff setting of norms of salary, development of forms and systems of remuneration of labour. Order of extra charge and payment of salary on communal enterprises envisaged by the Collective agreement and Statutes about the remuneration of labour. A salary depends on complication and terms of implementation of work, quality of her implementation workers, results of financially-economic activity of communal enterprises and select leaders (by proprietors) principles of the system of material stimulation of workers. For the increase of wage level in Ukraine, to our opinion, it is necessary: to decrease the shadow sector of na-tional economy, decrease the rate of inflation, increase production (works, services) volumes, increase prices on labour force, to perfect a legislatively-normative base in Ukraine. Keywords: a salary, remuneration of labour, organization of account, record-keeping, forms and systems of remuneration of labour, fund of remuneration of labour, is registration-analytical providing, communal enterprise

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Yadransky, Dmitry, and Elena Chumak. "SOCIAL MECHANISMS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-243-247.

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The article is devoted to issues of social management in the context of modern industrial and economic transformations. The main purpose of the article is to formulate the author’s concept of scientific management using social mechanisms. As a hypothesis, the possibility of implementing scientific management through the use of social norming is considered. The main research methods were general scientific methods of cognition, in particular, dialectic, system, comparative analysis, as well as the induction method in developing the author’s concept. The article considers the issue of labour management in conditions of the impossibility of applying quantitative labour standards for intellectual and informational activities. The methodological basis consists of the concepts of foreign and domestic researchers regarding the scientific organization of labour. The concept of social norming is formulated, according to which, managers must ensure the existence of two types of social norms in the organization: rigid (unchanging) and flexible (the content of which varies depending on the current tasks of the organization). Based on the specifics of the labour functions of specific workers, managers can model and implement social norms that stimulate certain social changes. Conclusions. Based on the proposed approach, the nature of managerial influence is determined, which consists of two parts: development and implementation of social norms; stimulation of its fastest assimilation by all members of the labour collective.

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