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Journal articles on the topic 'Stirred tank bioreactor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Schirmer, Cedric, Rüdiger W. Maschke, Ralf Pörtner, and Dieter Eibl. "An overview of drive systems and sealing types in stirred bioreactors used in biotechnological processes." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 6 (March 2021): 2225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11180-7.

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AbstractNo matter the scale, stirred tank bioreactors are the most commonly used systems in biotechnological production processes. Single-use and reusable systems are supplied by several manufacturers. The type, size, and number of impellers used in these systems have a significant influence on the characteristics and designs of bioreactors. Depending on the desired application, classic shaft-driven systems, bearing-mounted drives, or stirring elements that levitate freely in the vessel may be employed. In systems with drive shafts, process hygiene requirements also affect the type of seal used. For sensitive processes with high hygienic requirements, magnetic-driven stirring systems, which have been the focus of much research in recent years, are recommended. This review provides the reader with an overview of the most common agitation and seal types implemented in stirred bioreactor systems, highlights their advantages and disadvantages, and explains their possible fields of application. Special attention is paid to the development of magnetically driven agitators, which are widely used in reusable systems and are also becoming more and more important in their single-use counterparts.Key Points• Basic design of the most frequently used bioreactor type: the stirred tank bioreactor• Differences in most common seal types in stirred systems and fields of application• Comprehensive overview of commercially available bioreactor seal types• Increased use of magnetically driven agitation systems in single-use bioreactors

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2

Kennes, Christian, María Montes, M. Estefanía López, and María C. Veiga. "Waste gas treatment in bioreactors: environmental engineering aspectsThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 12 (December 2009): 1887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-113.

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This paper gives an overview of the most important bioreactor configurations used in waste gas treatment, i.e., conventional and trickling biofilters, the bioscrubber, suspended-growth bioreactors, as well as two-liquid phase systems (stirred tank bioreactor and biotrickling filter). The historical evolution, main characteristics, and recent developments are described in each case.

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3

Fitzpatrick, John J. "Insights from Mathematical Modelling into Energy Requirement and Process Design of Continuous and Batch Stirred Tank Aerobic Bioreactors." ChemEngineering 3, no. 3 (July 13, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3030065.

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Bioreaction kinetics, oxygen transfer and energy modelling were applied to stirred tank aerobic bioreactors. This was done to investigate how key input design variables influence bioreactor size, feed and wasted substrate, and electrical energy requirements for aeration and cooling, and to compare batch and continuous modes of operation. Oxygen concentration in the liquid is a key input design variable, but its selection is challenging as it can result in design trade-offs. Reducing its value caused a decrease in electrical energy requirement, however this tended to increase the working volume of the bioreactor. The minimum or near-to-minimum total energy requirement for oxygen transfer occurred when operating at the onset of flooding throughout the bioreaction time. For typical KS values, continuous mode of operation required a much smaller bioreactor volume, due to higher operating cell concentration, and this is a major advantage of continuous over batch.

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4

Tsao, Jia-Huey, and Wen-Teng Wu. "Global control of a continuous stirred tank bioreactor." Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal 56, no. 1 (December 1994): B69—B74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-0467(94)87034-9.

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5

Bušs, Armands, Normunds Jēkabsons, Artūrs Šuleiko, Dagnija Loča, and Juris Vanags. "VISUALIZATION APPROACHES FOR STIRRED TANK BIOREACTORS." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 20, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol3.4077.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the analysis of fluid behaviour employing numerical solution methods. Using CFD it is possible to analyse simple and complex fluid-gas, fluid-fluid or fluid-solid interactions. Fluid dynamics is described with laws of physics in the form of partial differential equations also known as Navier-Stokes equations. Sophisticated CFD solvers transform these laws into algebraic equations which are solved by numerical methods. In this paper Ansys CFX and Fluent analysis systems as research methods are used to visualize flow patterns in a stirred tank bioreactor. The results obtained are informative and can be used to improve the yield of biomass. CFD analysis can save time and aid fluid system designing process. This approach is cheaper and faster compared to conventional build-and-test process. However, it should be noted that CFD analysis results are as accurate as the level of skill possessed by a CFD engineer therefore there are still place for hands-on testing. Authors have developed a stirred tank model and visualized flow patterns. The research presents experimental computation methods and the model setup key parameters. The developed model allows to predict flow patterns inside stirred systems and evaluate efficiency of the mixing process by analysing parameters such as velocity field, turbulence eddy frequency, shear strain rate and power input.

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Murrell, J., S. Punreddy, A. Verma, K. Mann, D. Jing, D. Kehoe, N. Sunil, K. Niss, and M. Rook. "Monitoring MSCs during expansion in a stirred tank bioreactor." Cytotherapy 15, no. 4 (April 2013): S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.01.057.

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7

Kuyukina, Maria S., Anastasiya V. Krivoruchko, and Irena B. Ivshina. "Advanced Bioreactor Treatments of Hydrocarbon-Containing Wastewater." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030831.

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This review discusses bioreactor-based methods for industrial hydrocarbon-containing wastewater treatment using different (e.g., stirred-tank, membrane, packed-bed and fluidized-bed) constructions. Aerobic, anaerobic and hybrid bioreactors are becoming increasingly popular in the field of oily wastewater treatment, while high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons usually require physico-chemical pre-treatments. Most efficient bioreactor techniques employ immobilized cultures of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, either defined consortia or mixed natural populations. Some advantages of fluidized-bed bioreactors over other types of reactors are shown, such as large biofilm–liquid interfacial area, high immobilized biomass concentration and improved mass transfer characteristics. Several limitations, including low nutrient content and the presence of heavy metals or toxicants, as well as fouling and contamination with nuisance microorganisms, can be overcome using effective inocula and advanced bioreactor designs. The examples of laboratory studies and few successful pilot/full-scale applications are given relating to the biotreatment of oilfield wastewater, fuel-contaminated water and refinery effluents.

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8

Aguilar-López, R., and I. Neria-González. "Controlling continuous bioreactor via nonlinear feedback: modelling and simulations approach." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2016-0025.

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Abstract The aim of this work is to present a class of nonlinear controller with an exponential-type feedback in order to regulate the sulfate mass concentration via the input flow in a continuous stirred tank bioreactor of an anaerobic sulfate-reducing process. The corresponding kinetic terms in the bioreactor’s modeling are modeled by unstructured modeling approach, which was experimentally corroborated. A sketch of proof of the closed-loop stability of the considered system is done under the framework of Lyapunov theory. Numerical experiments are conducted to show the performance of the proposed methodology in comparison with a well-tuned sigmoid controller.

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9

Pinheiro, I. O., M. B. De Souza, and C. E. Lopes. "The dynamic behaviour of aerated continuous flow stirred tank bioreactor." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 39, no. 4-5 (February 2004): 541–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7177(04)90525-0.

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10

Petrov, M. M. "Investigation of Power Characteristics of small Scale Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 19, no. 1 (January 2005): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2005.10817183.

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11

Roux, G., B. Dahhou, and I. Queinnec. "Adaptive non-linear control of a continuous stirred tank bioreactor." Journal of Process Control 4, no. 3 (August 1994): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-1524(94)85003-8.

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12

Pawlak, Marta, Marcin Bizukojć, and Stanisław Ledakowicz. "Impact of bioreactor scale on lovastatin biosynthesis by Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542 in a batch culture." Chemical and Process Engineering 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10176-012-0007-0.

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Impact of bioreactor scale on lovastatin biosynthesis by Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542 in a batch culture Biosynthesis of lovastatin (a polyketide metabolite of Aspergillus terreus) in bioreactors of different working volume was studied to indicate how the change of scale of the process influences the formation of this metabolite. The experiments conducted in shake flasks of 150 ml working volume allowed to obtain lovastatin titres at the level of 87.5 mg LOV l-1, when two carbon sources, namely lactose and glycerol were used. The application of the same components in a large stirred-tank bioreactor of 5.3-litre working volume caused a decrease of lovastatin production by 87% compared to the shake flask culture. The deficiency of nitrogen in this bioreactor did not favour the formation of lovastatin, in contrast to the small bioreactor of 1.95-litre working volume, in which lovastatin titres comparable to those in the shake flasks could be achieved, when organic nitrogen concentration was two-fold decreased. When the control of pH and/or pO2 was used simultaneously, an increase in lovastatin production was observed in the bioreactors. However, these results were still slightly lower than lovastatin titres obtained in the shake flasks.

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13

Kubica, Paweł, Agnieszka Szopa, Adam Kokotkiewicz, Natalizia Miceli, Maria Fernanda Taviano, Alessandro Maugeri, Santa Cirmi, et al. "Production of Verbascoside, Isoverbascoside and Phenolic Acids in Callus, Suspension, and Bioreactor Cultures of Verbena officinalis and Biological Properties of Biomass Extracts." Molecules 25, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 5609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235609.

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Callus, suspension and bioreactor cultures of Verbena officinalis were established, and optimized for biomass growth and production of phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids and iridoids. All types of cultures were maintained on/in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with 1 mg/L BAP and 1 mg/L NAA. The inoculum sizes were optimized in callus and suspension cultures. Moreover, the growth of the culture in two different types of bioreactors—a balloon bioreactor (BB) and a stirred-tank bioreactor (STB) was tested. In methanolic extracts from biomass of all types of in vitro cultures the presence of the same metabolites—verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and six phenolic acids: protocatechuic, chlorogenic, vanillic, caffeic, ferulic and rosmarinic acids was confirmed and quantified by the HPLC-DAD method. In the extracts from lyophilized culture media, no metabolites were found. The main metabolites in biomass extracts were verbascoside and isoverbascoside. Their maximum amounts in g/100 g DW (dry weight) in the tested types of cultures were as follow: 7.25 and 0.61 (callus), 7.06 and 0.48 (suspension), 7.69 and 0.31 (BB), 9.18 and 0.34 (STB). The amounts of phenolic acids were many times lower, max. total content reached of 26.90, 50.72, 19.88, and 36.78 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The highest content of verbascoside and also a high content of isoverbascoside obtained in STB (stirred-tank bioreactor) were 5.3 and 7.8 times higher than in extracts from overground parts of the parent plant. In the extracts from parent plant two iridoids—verbenalin and hastatoside, were also abundant. All investigated biomass extracts and the extracts from parent plant showed the antiproliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The strongest activities were documented for the cultures maintained in STB. We propose extracts from in vitro cultured biomass of vervain, especially from STB, as a rich source of bioactive metabolites with antiproliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

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14

Arifin, Mohd Azmir, Maizirwan Mel, Mohamed Ismail Abdul Karim, and Aini Ideris. "Production of Newcastle Disease Virus by Vero Cells Grown on Cytodex 1 Microcarriers in a 2-Litre Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/586363.

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The aim of this study is to prepare a model for the production of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) lentogenic F strain using cell culture in bioreactor for live attenuated vaccine preparation. In this study, firstly we investigated the growth of Vero cells in several culture media. The maximum cell number was yielded by culture of Vero cells in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) which was1.93×106 cells/ml. Secondly Vero cells were grown in two-litre stirred tank bioreactor by using several commercial microcarriers. We achieved the maximum cell concentration about7.95×105 cells/ml when using Cytodex 1. Later we produced Newcastle Disease virus in stirred tank bioreactor based on the design developed using Taguchi L4 method. Results reveal that higher multiplicity of infection (MOI) and size of cell inoculums can yield higher virus titer. Finally, virus samples were purified using high-speed centrifugation based on3∗∗(3-1) Fractional Factorial Design. Statistical analysis showed that the maximum virus titer can be achieved at virus sample concentration of 58.45% (v/v), centrifugation speed of 13729 rpm, and centrifugation time of 4 hours. As a conclusion, high yield of virus titer could be achieved through optimization of cell culture in bioreactor and separation by high-speed centrifugation.

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15

Tabiś, Bolesław, Szymon Skoneczny, and Wojciech S. Stryjewski. "Nonlinear Dynamics of a Controlled Stirred Tank Bioreactor With Predator-Prey Relationship." Chemical and Process Engineering 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpe-2014-0026.

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Abstract The paper presents the dynamic characteristics of a continuous tank bioreactor for microbiological process, with a developed predator-prey food chain. The presence of the predator microorganism considerably influences the position and stability character of steady-states. There appears to exist a wide range of unstable steady-states and high-amplitude oscillations of state variables. Without automatic control, the system can operate only in unsteady conditions. From technological point of view, this circumstance is unfavorable. It was shown that oscillations can be removed by employing automatic control with continuous P or PI controllers. Moreover, the use of a controller with integrating element causes removal of the predator from the bioreactor. The paper discusses an application of this phenomenon for practical purposes.

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16

Sirirak, Khanoksinee, Sorawit Powtongsook, Sudarat Suanjit, and Somtawin Jaritkhuan. "Effectiveness of various bioreactors for thraustochytrid culture and production (Aurantiochytruim limacinum BUCHAXM 122)." PeerJ 9 (May 27, 2021): e11405. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11405.

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This study aimed to develop bioreactors for cultivation of thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium limacinum BUCHAXM 122, that are low in cost and simple to operate. Obtaining maximum biomass and fatty acid production was a prerequisite. Three bioreactor designs were used: stirred tank bioreactor (STB), bubble bioreactor (BB) and internal loop airlift bioreactor (ILAB). The bioreactors were evaluated for their influence on oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa), using various spargers, mixing speed, and aeration rates. Biomass and DHA production from STB, BB, ILAB were then compared with an incubator shaker, using batch culture experiments. Results showed that a bundle of eight super-fine pore air stones was the best type of aeration sparger for all three bioreactors. Optimal culture conditions in STB were 600 rpm agitation speed and 2 vvm aeration rate, while 2 vvm and 1.5 vvm aeration provided highest biomass productivity in BB and ILAB, respectively. Antifoam agent was needed for all reactor types in order to reduce excessive foaming. Results indicated that with optimized conditions, these bioreactors are capable of thraustochytrid cultivation with a similar efficiency as cultivation using a rotary shaker. STB had the highest kLa and provided the highest biomass of 43.05 ± 0.35 g/L at 48 h. BB was simple in design, had low operating costs and was easy to build, but yielded the lowest biomass (27.50 ± 1.56 g/L). ILAB, on the other hand, had lower kLa than STB, but provided highest fatty acid productivity, of 35.36 ± 2.51% TFA.

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17

Makowska, Monika. "Cultivation of Green Algae Chlorella sp. in a Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Engineering and Protection of Environment 20, no. 2 (April 2017): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17512/ios.2017.2.8.

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18

Silva, Silvio S., Ines C. Roberto, Maria G. A. Felipe, and Ismael M. Mancilha. "Batch fermentation of xylose for xylitol production in stirred tank bioreactor." Process Biochemistry 31, no. 6 (August 1996): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(96)00002-7.

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19

Sankar, Vani, David K. Daniel, and Albert Krastanov. "Carbon Dioxide Fixation byChlorella MinutissimaBatch Cultures in a Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 25, no. 3 (January 2011): 2468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5504/bbeq.2011.0058.

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20

Qi, Hans, and Gregory L. Rorrer. "Photolithotrophic cultivation ofLaminaria saccharina gametophyte cells in a stirred-tank bioreactor." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45, no. 3 (February 5, 1995): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450310.

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21

Hintermayer, Sarah, Shiqin Yu, Jens O. Krömer, and Dirk Weuster-Botz. "Anodic respiration of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 in a stirred-tank bioreactor." Biochemical Engineering Journal 115 (November 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2016.07.020.

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22

Georgieva, P. G., and M. N. Ignatova. "Implementation of robust control theory to a continuous stirred tank bioreactor." Bioprocess Engineering 22, no. 6 (June 13, 2000): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004499900113.

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23

Rotondi, Marco, Ned Grace, John Betts, Neil Bargh, Elena Costariol, Barney Zoro, Christopher J. Hewitt, Alvin W. Nienow, and Qasim A. Rafiq. "Design and development of a new ambr250® bioreactor vessel for improved cell and gene therapy applications." Biotechnology Letters 43, no. 5 (February 2, 2021): 1103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-021-03076-3.

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AbstractThe emergence of cell and gene therapies has generated significant interest in their clinical and commercial potential. However, these therapies are prohibitively expensive to manufacture and can require extensive time for development due to our limited process knowledge and understanding. The automated ambr250® stirred-tank bioreactor platform provides an effective platform for high-throughput process development. However, the original dual pitched-blade 20 mm impeller and baffles proved sub-optimal for cell therapy candidates that require suspension of microcarriers (e.g. for the culture of adherent human mesenchymal stem cells) or other particles such as activating Dynabeads® (e.g. for the culture of human T-cells). We demonstrate the development of a new ambr250® stirred-tank bioreactor vessel which has been designed specifically to improve the suspension of microcarriers/beads and thereby improve the culture of such cellular systems. The new design is unbaffled and has a single, larger elephant ear impeller. We undertook a range of engineering and physical characterizations to determine which vessel and impeller configuration would be most suitable for suspension based on the minimum agitation speed (NJS) and associated specific power input (P/V)JS. A vessel (diameter, T, = 60 mm) without baffles and incorporating a single elephant ear impeller (diameter 30 mm and 45° pitch-blade angle) was selected as it had the lowest (P/V)JS and therefore potentially, based on Kolmogorov concepts, was the most flexible system. These experimentally-based conclusions were further validated firstly with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations and secondly experimental studies involving the culture of both T-cells with Dynabeads® and hMSCs on microcarriers. The new ambr250® stirred-tank bioreactor successfully supported the culture of both cell types, with the T-cell culture demonstrating significant improvements compared to the original ambr250® and the hMSC-microcarrier culture gave significantly higher yields compared with spinner flask cultures. The new ambr250® bioreactor vessel design is an effective process development tool for cell and gene therapy candidates and potentially for autologous manufacture too.

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24

Palacio-Castañeda, Valentina, Alejandra Pérez-Hoyos, Daniel Carrascal-Correa, and Victor Manuel Osorio-Echeverri. "Antibacterial pigment production by Serratia marcescens using different casein types obtained from milk." Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v21n1.62435.

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Prodigiosin, a pigment produced by Serratia marcescensinhibits the growth of different microorganisms and the proliferation of some human cancer cell lines. Prodigiosin is usually produced by fermentations of substrates such as starch and proteins, andpig-ment yield depends on the concentration of the carbon source, stirring speed of cultures, temperature and time of incubation,nitro-gen sources, and pH of medium. In the present study, pigment production was assessed using two types of casein as substrate; pigment yield was greater when casein precipitated with vinegar was used as substrate than when high purity casein was. The maxi-mum prodigiosin production was achieved with 10 g/L casein at pH 8.0. Additionally, supplementation of culture media with glu-cose was found to considerably decrease prodigiosin production and growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, which is directly related to pigment yield. Production in stirred-tank bioreactor at 0.75 vvm aeration was higher than that at 0.5 and 1.0 vvm. Sub-strate type, concentration and pH affected pigment production in Erlenmeyer flasks, whereas aeration rate influenced pigment pro-duction in a stirred-tank bioreactor.

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25

Krychowska, Agnieszka, Marian Kordas, Maciej Konopacki, Bartłomiej Grygorcewicz, Daniel Musik, Krzysztof Wójcik, Magdalena Jędrzejczak-Silicka, and Rafał Rakoczy. "Mathematical Modeling of Hydrodynamics in Bioreactor by Means of CFD-Based Compartment Model." Processes 8, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101301.

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This study presents the procedure of deriving a compartmental model (CM) based on an analysis obtained from the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a bioreactor. The CM is composed of two parts, a structural (that takes into account the architecture of the mathematical model), and a parametric part (which contains the extrinsic parameters of the model). The CM is composed of the branches containing the set of perfectly mixed continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) in a configuration that matches the bioreactor’s flow patterns. Therefore, this work’s main objective was to develop a mathematical model that incorporated the flow field obtained by CFD technique. The proposed mathematical model was validated by means of the experimental data in the form of the residence time distribution (RTD) measurements.

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Lobanova, N. V., E. V. Voronina, A. A. Nurbakov, A. A. Klishin, and Yu A. Seregin. "Adaptation of Monoclonal Antibody Producing Cell Line to Stirred-Tank Bioreactor Conditions." Biotekhnologiya 34, no. 6 (2018): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2018-34-6-80-94.

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Abdullah, Mohd A., Arbakariya B. Ariff, Mahmood Marziah, Abdul M. Ali, and Nordin H. Lajis. "Growth and Anthraquinone Production ofMorindaellipticaCell Suspension Cultures in a Stirred-Tank Bioreactor." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48, no. 9 (September 2000): 4432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf991014v.

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Skoneczny, Szymon, and Bolesław Tabiś. "Dynamic properties of a continuous stirred tank biofilm bioreactor for aerobic processes." AIChE Journal 63, no. 6 (November 29, 2016): 1818–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.15591.

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Hähnel, Alexander, Benjamin Pütz, Kai Iding, Tabea Niediek, Frank Gudermann, and Dirk Lütkemeyer. "Evaluation of a disposable stirred tank bioreactor for cultivation of mammalian cells." BMC Proceedings 5, Suppl 8 (2011): P54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1753-6561-5-s8-p54.

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Sauid, Suhaila Mohd, and Veluri V. P. S. Murthy. "Effect of Palm Oil on Oxygen Transfer in a Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 15, 2010): 2745–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.2745.2747.

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31

Seamans, T. Craig, and Wei Shou Hu. "A cartridge oxygenator for mammalian cell culture in a stirred tank bioreactor." Biotechnology Techniques 5, no. 2 (1991): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00159975.

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32

Selvarajan, V., A. Wong, W. Loh, Y. Ng, C. Nge, P. T. Lau, G. Khoo, and B. Loo. "Expanding T-cells using stirred-tank and a novel biaxial rotary bioreactor." Cytotherapy 22, no. 5 (May 2020): S152—S153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.316.

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33

Migiro, Cleophas L. C., and Wo̵dzimierz Sokół. "Operational range for a continuous stirred-tank bioreactor degrading an inhibitory substrate." Chemical Engineering Journal 50, no. 1 (October 1992): B1—B7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9467(92)80007-w.

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Dominguez, Alberto, Lorenzo Pastrana, Maria A. Longo, Maria L. Rúa, and M. Angeles Sanroman. "Lipolytic enzyme production by Thermus thermophilus HB27 in a stirred tank bioreactor." Biochemical Engineering Journal 26, no. 2-3 (November 2005): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2005.04.006.

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Sokół, W., and C. L. C. Migiro. "Controlling a continuous stirred-tank bioreactor degrading phenol in the stability range." Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal 62, no. 1 (April 1996): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03059-x.

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Wang, Yu, Ying Zhang, Na Li, Li Chen, Demeng Zhang, Dongsheng Sun, Guojun Lv, Weiting Yu, Xin Guo, and Xiaojun Ma. "Growth and production of microencapsulated recombinant CHO in a stirred tank bioreactor." Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 38, no. 7 (February 4, 2015): 1303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-015-1370-2.

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Agarwal, Alankar, Gurveer Singh, and Akshay Prakash. "Numerical investigation of flow behavior in double-rushton turbine stirred tank bioreactor." Materials Today: Proceedings 43 (2021): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.208.

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DE JESUS, E. B., L. R. P. DE ANDRADE LIMA, L. A. BERNARDEZ, and P. F. ALMEIDA. "HYDRODYNAMICS IN A TWO-COMPARTMENT BIOREACTOR." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 47, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2017.292.

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Upflow two-compartment packingfree/packed-bed bioreactors have been used in petroleum microbiology due to their similarity with the oil field close to the injection or production wells. This two-compartment configuration gives a particular hydrodynamics to the liquid phase. In this study the hydrodynamics of a pilot reactor filled with glass beads was studied using tracer experiments. The residence time distribution was calculated and interpreted. The results for interstitial Reynolds number (ReLi <0.3) show curves with a peak at the beginning and a long tail that is distorted by the solution flow rate. A model composed of a continuous stirred tank, plug flow and cross-flow reactors was used to describe the flow patterns.

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BELMONTE-IZQUIERDO, R., S. CARLOS-HERNANDEZ, and E. N. SANCHEZ. "A NEW NEURAL OBSERVER FOR AN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR." International Journal of Neural Systems 20, no. 01 (February 2010): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065710002267.

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In this paper, a recurrent high order neural observer (RHONO) for anaerobic processes is proposed. The main objective is to estimate variables of methanogenesis: biomass, substrate and inorganic carbon in a completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The recurrent high order neural network (RHONN) structure is based on the hyperbolic tangent as activation function. The learning algorithm is based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The applicability of the proposed scheme is illustrated via simulation. A validation using real data from a lab scale process is included. Thus, this observer can be successfully implemented for control purposes.

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de la Morena, Susana, Mateusz Wojtusik, Victoria E. Santos, and Felix Garcia-Ochoa. "Kinetic Modeling of Dihydroxyacetone Production from Glycerol by Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621 Resting Cells: Effect of Fluid Dynamics Conditions." Catalysts 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10010101.

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Dihydroxyacetone production from glycerol has been studied. Cultures of Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621, a promising microorganism that is able to convert glycerol into dihydroxyacetone, has been employed. In this work, the influence of oxygen transport rate and the fluid dynamic conditions have been studied working with resting cells cultures. Several experiments were carried out at two different scales: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks and a 2 L stirred tank bioreactor, varying the agitation speed. Product and substrate concentration were determined employing high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, oxygen concentration was measured in the runs carried out in stirred tank reactors. Taking into account the results obtained in these experiments, three different behaviors were observed, depending on the mass transfer and chemical reactions rates. For experiments with low stirring speed (below 200 rpm for shake flasks and 300 rpm for reactors), the oxygen transport rate is the controlling step, while at high stirring speed (over 300 rpm in shake flasks and 560 rpm in the bioreactor), the chemical reaction is controlling the overall process rate. In some runs conducted at medium agitation, a mix control was found. All the kinetic models were able to reproduce experimental data and fulfill thermodynamic and statistical criteria, highlighting the importance of the mass transfer rate upon this system.

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Shukla, V. B., U. Parasu Veera, P. R. Kulkarni, and A. B. Pandit. "Scale-up of biotransformation process in stirred tank reactor using dual impeller bioreactor." Biochemical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (July 2001): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-703x(00)00130-3.

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Marcos, N. I., M. Guay, D. Dochain, and T. Zhang. "Adaptive extremum-seeking control of a continuous stirred tank bioreactor with Haldane's Kinetics." Journal of Process Control 14, no. 3 (April 2004): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-1524(03)00070-2.

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Sokół, W. "Experimental verification of the models of a continuous stirred-tank bioreactor degrading phenol." Biochemical Engineering Journal 1, no. 2 (March 1998): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1385-8947(97)00097-1.

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YIN, Chih-Hsiu, Wannhsin CHEN, Chang-Chun HSIAO, Chao-Ying KUO, Chao-Long CHEN, and Wen-Teng WU. "Production of Mouse Embryoid Bodies with Hepatic Differentiation Potential by Stirred Tank Bioreactor." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 71, no. 3 (March 23, 2007): 728–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60568.

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Campesi, Alexandre, Marcel O. Cerri, Carlos O. Hokka, and Alberto C. Badino. "Determination of the average shear rate in a stirred and aerated tank bioreactor." Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 32, no. 2 (July 3, 2008): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-008-0242-4.

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Yen, Hong-Wei, and Tsu-Yuan Shih. "Coenzyme Q10 production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides in stirred tank and in airlift bioreactor." Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 32, no. 6 (January 20, 2009): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-008-0294-5.

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Strillinger, Eva, Stefan Wolfgang Grötzinger, Thorsten Allers, Jörg Eppinger, and Dirk Weuster-Botz. "Production of halophilic proteins using Haloferax volcanii H1895 in a stirred-tank bioreactor." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 100, no. 3 (October 1, 2015): 1183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-7007-1.

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Ju, Hen-Yi, Chia-Hung Kuo, Jui-Rze Too, Yung-Chuan Liu, and Chwen-Jen Shieh. "A green peptide synthesis—Using a magnetic biocatalyst in a stirred-tank bioreactor." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2011.08.002.

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Bhatti, Tariq M., Jerry M. Bigham, Marja Riekkola-Vanhanen, and Olli H. Tuovinen. "Altered mineralogy associated with stirred tank bioreactor leaching of a black schist ore." Hydrometallurgy 100, no. 3-4 (January 2010): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.11.010.

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Moteshafi, H., S. M. Mousavi, and M. Hashemi. "Aeration challenge in high BSG suspended fermentation: Impact of stirred-tank bioreactor scale." Biomass and Bioenergy 130 (November 2019): 105386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.105386.

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