Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stock companies Corporation law

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Stock companies Corporation law'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Stock companies Corporation law"

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Bidabad, Bijan. "Joint stock company with variable capital (JSCVC)." International Journal of Law and Management 56, no. 4 (July 8, 2014): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-09-2012-0031.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose joint stock company with variable capital (JSCVC), as financial sharing funds and banks necessitate that their capital and number of shareholders be instantaneously variable. Legal personality and accounts clearing of this type of corporations are different from conventional companies. Design/methodology/approach – JSCVC is a corporation in which capital and shares of shareholders vary by new entrance or withdrawal of shareholders at any point of time. Findings – Interest rate-based calculations were removed and Rastin Sharing Accounting was applied for JSCVS. Shareholders of JSCVC share the company’s nominal capital proportional to nominal values of their shares. Financial outcome of JSCVC is proportional to values of shares weighted by shares duration of participation. Research limitations/implications – To prevent spoiling of shareholders’ rights, legal procedure of issuing shares for JSCVC should be defined in compliance with domestic commerce laws in any country. Practical implications – JSCVC can be used by majority of investment funds, credit unions, saving and loan associations, pension and provident funds, thrift saving plans as well as Islamic banks and financial sharing activities. In JSCVC, deposit at a bank is treated as a share of the company (bank). Social implications – JSCVC has fair profit distribution and accounts clearing arrangements. Originality/value – Different variable capital companies have been defined in many countries’ laws, but essential modifications are presented in JSCVC definition to regulate financial sharing arrangements and bank’s performances.
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Stratiuk, O. M. "Theoretical And Legal Approaches To The Concept Of «Corporation» In Legal Families." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 51 (August 6, 2019): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.51.65-76.

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The article analyzes the scientific views on the concepts of «legal entity» and «corporation» formed in different legal systems, indicating either the identity of these concepts, or their heterogeneity by deducing a number of common and distinct features. Determined that in the Anglo-American legal system, the corporation is seen as a collective term, which should be understood by business associations and nonbusiness capital entities created to meet social objectives. It is proved that in EU law the concept of «corporation» is not identical with that of a legal entity, although a considerable number of types of legal entities are proposed to be included in the list of legal entities. In the countries of the continental legal system (France, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, Ukraine, etc.) the term «corporation» is rarely used in the law. This concept is used mainly in literary sources. Corporations include: various types of companies (full and limited partnerships, joint stock companies and other companies, members of which are limited liability for the obligations of the company), business associations (groups, trade unions, holdings, etc.), cooperatives, leases and state-owned enterprises, as well as various non-economic unions and associations. The main difference between the range of legal entities in the Anglo-American and Continental legal families is that in the first case, the terms «legal entity» and «corporation» are correlated as interchangeable concepts, and in the other case, the possibility of correlation between the concepts of «legal entity» and «corporation» depends on the approach of the legislation of the country to the definition of their organizational and legal forms and the formation in the scientific circles of the criteria for their separation or integration into one or another concept, or the introduction of this concept into the existing legislation of the EU country with a clear list of organizational and legal forms. Therefore, every legal family has their own approaches to the concept of «corporation».
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Wiórek, Piotr Marcin. "Czy potrzeba nam szczególnej formy organizacyjno-prawnej dla innowacyjnego biznesu? Uwagi ogólne na podstawie uzasadnienia projektu prostej spółki akcyjnej — PSA." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 112 (August 2, 2018): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.112.15.

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DO WE NEED A SPECIAL LEGAL FORM FOR INNOVATIVE BUSINESS? GENERAL REMARKS ON THE EXPLANATION OF THE DRAFT OF PROVISIONS REGARDING A SIMPLE STOCK CORPORATION — SSCThe aim of this article is a critical evaluation of the general part of the explanation of the “Recommendations concerning the project of provisions regulating the simple stock corporation prepared by a team of experts appointed by the Minister of Development and Finance proposals for amendments of The Commercial Companies Code”. The analysis carried out in the article leads to the conclusion that the explanation of the SSC bill does not achieve its principal goal, which should be a convincing justification for introduction of a new type of corporation into Polish commercial law system in form of the SSC. What is more: from the whole argumentation used in the explanation follows that there is no real need for such a complicated regulation as planned, and the proposed provisions go far beyond the goals which the regulation wants to achieve. Moreover, they are inadequate to achieve these goals.
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Altay, Sıtkı Anlam. "Restriction on the Authority to Represent in Turkish Joint Stock Companies Law." European Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejss-2019.v2i3-76.

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Turkish Joint Stock Corporations Law is based upon Swiss Law. Turkish Commercial Code of 2012 reflects a pure reception of the rules regarding the representation of the company from Swiss Law. However in 2014, Turkish Law has confronted the enforcement of Art. 371/7 TCC, which enables restrictions on the representation authority in terms of the material and monetary scope of the transaction. This study aims to bring a critical view of this regulation and to introduce a draft for a well-directed regulation with respect to restrictions related to power of representation.
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Altay, Sıtkı Anlam. "Restriction on the Authority to Represent in Turkish Joint Stock Companies Law." European Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejss.v2i3.p58-66.

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Turkish Joint Stock Corporations Law is based upon Swiss Law. Turkish Commercial Code of 2012 reflects a pure reception of the rules regarding the representation of the company from Swiss Law. However in 2014, Turkish Law has confronted the enforcement of Art. 371/7 TCC, which enables restrictions on the representation authority in terms of the material and monetary scope of the transaction. This study aims to bring a critical view of this regulation and to introduce a draft for a well-directed regulation with respect to restrictions related to power of representation.
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Alishani, MSc Detrina. "The Development of Joint Stock Companies according to Kosovo’s Legislation and their Comparison with the Region." ILIRIA International Review 4, no. 2 (February 8, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v4i2.35.

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Joint Stock companies or Corporations are the highest forms of business organization and are regulated by law. As the most organized business forms, they have special importance on economic development of a country and that their development and their regulation determine the economic and political stability of a country. To describe corporations and their regulation from the legal aspect, namely to use the descriptive technique, are used secondary data. In this paper has been implemented also the comparative method in order to compare the development of joint stock companies in Kosovo with those in the region. More specifically, the comparison is made with Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Croatia and some other countries of the Western Balkans. The legal framework of all these countries is analyzed in detail and comparisons are based on those findings.From this comparison it is noted that while the joint stock companies in other countries have started to act very early, Kosovo as a country which has recently come out of war has managed to issue a law that does not differentiate greatly from any other legislation of neighbouring countries.From the conducted research, it is noted that Kosovo has made progress in terms of legislation in the field of commercial law, which has resulted in improving the investment climate and organization of joint stock companies.
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Ziegler, Dieter. "«Bankenmacht», «Verwaltungsherrschaft», «Aktionärsdemokratie»?" Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 65, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 33–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0007.

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Abstract«Bankenmacht», «Verwaltungsherrschaft», «Aktionärsdemokratie»? On the problem of management control in German stock corporations 1870 to 1931The liberalization of stock company law in Prussia and the North German Confederation respectively as well as the abolition of state concessions as a prerequisite for the formation of a joint-stock company led to a debate about the means of control regarding joint-stock companies. The new stock company law instituted supervisory boards as a controlling body, as a mandatory «contracted general assembly», but did not elaborate on a clear definition of their duties. Yet, since the end of the so called «Gründerboom» in 1873, it became more and more apparent that the supervisory boards failed to provide adequate supervision. The law was amended in 1884 accordingly, in order to increase the supervisory boards’ means of control over the executive board. Subsequently, many joint-stock companies developed an oligarchic power structure, which cut down on shareholder protection rights. Banks were heavily involved in this process due to their voting rights as «inside shareholders», but by no means would it be suitable to label this as «Bankenherrschaft».
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Djordjevic, Marija. "Corporate management: Ownership, control and shareholders' rights." Privredna izgradnja 48, no. 3-4 (2005): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/priz0504211d.

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In spite of extent of economy development in one country, every corporation faces up with same problems connected with corporate governance. Problems are ownership, shareholders rights and control. The way to acquire ownership is by buying shares of company. Ownership is connected with making essential decisions in corporation like changing statute of firm, allowing new stock market flotation, etc. There are two types of ownership: widespread or dispersed ownership and concentrated ownership. Dispersed ownership is characteristic of Anglo-Saxon countries (United Kingdom and United States) where one-tier system is representative model of corporate governance. Dispersed ownership means that every single packet of shares is smaller than 20% of total shares in corporation. On the other hand concentrated ownership characterizes presence of ultimate owner(s) in company. Ultimate owner is person who holds more than 20% of shares in firm. If shareholder holds more than 50% of shares he is major shareholder what means that he has control over company. Concentrated ownership is characteristic of continental Europe and Japan where is presented two-tier model of corporate governance. Law and other institutional rules, like rules for listed companies of stock market, must guarantee the shareholder rights. Today, every country accepts Principles of Corporate Governance published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Further more, the transitional countries, as Russia, must pass and respect laws, which protect shareholders rights. Control of management is one of the ways to protect shareholder rights. Control could be internal and external. Audit or Supervisory board is main part of internal control. Independent external auditor who is in relation with company does external control by contract of giving services. It is important that all auditors (internal of external) be independent of management of corporations. In this paper, we try to adduce main problems of modern corporate governance as ownership control and shareholders rights.
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Tokhadze, Ana. "Transforming Georgia’s regulations on Shareholders’ right to interim dividend Confronting the European Company Law." TalTech Journal of European Studies 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2020-0015.

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Abstract The article provides a critical legal analysis of Georgia’s regulations on the interim dividend payment and highlights the necessity of proper amendments to comply with European company law. Since having an EU-Georgia Association Agreement signed, the dynamic process of Europeanization has put various legislative changes on the agenda, which also regard shareholders’ proprietary rights. This article briefly gives a novel insight into the distribution of interim dividends from a comparative point of view. It suggests the possibly scrutinized coverage of the legal preconditions along with liability consequences for the interim dividend declaration from the perspective of both shareholders and joint stock companies in Georgia. The article emphasizes the structure of the corporation, which naturally bedrocks the potential conflict of interests between the shareholders and creditors. The topic also endorses questioning Georgia’s rules on capital maintenance in relation to the interim dividend distribution. Hence, the study reveals prevailing regulatory lapses and makes pertinent recommendations on the alignment of the financial interests of those mentioned. Last but not least, the article exposes how directors on the credible basis of their fiduciary duties are assigned to divert assets of the corporation since their rationality in decision-making is expected to meet the best interests of the company.
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Vo, Nguyen N. T. "The Influence of Trading Locations on Equity Returns." Asian Social Science 12, no. 12 (October 28, 2016): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n12p188.

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This paper evaluates the impact of trading locations on equity returns by examining the stock price behaviour of three Anglo-Dutch dual-listed companies which result from mergers where two corporations agree to function as a single operating business, but maintain separate identities. The shares of these stocks are traded not only in their home market but also on several US stock exchanges in the form of American Depository Receipts. Regressing the return differentials on these dual-listed and cross-listed stocks on the relative market index returns and currency changes provides evidence of an apparent violation of the Law of One Price. The regression results show that the return on each part of dual-listed companies is highly correlated with the market on which it is most intensively traded. Similarly, returns on cross-listed stocks have considerably higher co-movement with US market indices and considerably lower co-movement with home-market indices than their home-market counterparts. Market risk premium is not a significant explanatory variable of the location of trade effect.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stock companies Corporation law"

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Coffey, Josephine Margaret. "Continuous Disclosure for Australian Listed Companies." University of Sydney. School of Business, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/510.

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ABSTRACT This thesis investigates the legal and theoretical basis of continuous disclosure regulation in Australia as it applies to listed companies. An empirical study is undertaken to further investigate the operation of the legislation. As part of the Enhanced Disclosure regime, the continuous disclosure provision was effective from 5 September 1994 as s1001A of the Corporations Law, now the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). This statutory provision is replaced by s674, inserted by Schedule 2 to the Financial Services Reform Act 2001 (Cth), and effective from 11 March 2002. The provision reinforces Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listing rule 3.1. The rule requires a listed disclosing entity to notify ASX immediately of information that would be expected to have a �material effect� on the share price of the company. However, the disclosure requirement is weakened by a number of specific exemptions or �carve-outs� to listing rule 3.1. If a reasonable person would not expect the information to be disclosed, and if the confidentiality of the information is maintained, then disclosure is not mandatory in special circumstances. This study analyses 427 query notices, issued by ASX to listed companies from July 1995 to April 1996. The queries request information concerning unexplained movements in a company�s share price or a failure to comply with the listing rules. An analysis of the companies� replies to these notices provides a profile of the type of company that is likely to be queried. The study also attempts to evaluate the extent to which these companies have relied on the �carve-outs� as an exemption to the regulation.
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劉林. "中國上市公司 MBO 過程中的法律問題與對策." Thesis, University of Macau, 2005. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1643256.

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Borg-Barthet, Justin. "The governing law of companies in EU Law." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167398.

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This thesis addresses the theoretical and legal foundations for choice of corporate law in the European Union. In particular, it evaluates the contractarian approach to choice of law, which has become the dominant paradigm. When contractual principle is viewed in its fullest form, it is found that corporate choice of law could be restricted for similar reasons to those which justify limitations to party autonomy in contractual choice of law. What is more, economic arguments for party autonomy should be refined in view of the fact that corporate legal theory is unsettled. Indeed, different views about the economic nature of companies are accounted for in State practice. Having rejected dogmatic approaches to the private international law of companies, it is then found that the EU Treaties contain contradictory signals about the place of party autonomy in choice of corporate law. The lack of clarity in the Treaties and lack of legislative progress has necessitated recourse to the European Court of Justice. The Court has, generally, adopted an interpretation of the Treaty which furthered economic integration. However, the judgments reveal numerous inconsistencies, and the law is in a constant state of flux. Added to the fact that the EU’s legislation is less permissive than the Court’s judgments, the law lacks clarity. Legislation is therefore needed. It is suggested that future legislation should entrench a degree of autonomy, but should also account for the fact that States differ on the goals of companies. While the law of the State of incorporation should govern all matters relating to the company’s internal law, European law should bind the Member State in which a company is established to require pseudo-foreign companies to incorporate norms of the State of its real seat in their statutes. This could be supported through the use of information technology solutions which have been pioneered in other fora.
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Ncemane, Zuko. "Development of a theoretical model of integrated reporting for Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed companies." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11265.

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Purpose – The purpose of this case study research was to develop a theoretical model of integrated reporting for Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed companies. Design/Methodology/Approach – The goal of this case study research was to understand how and why integrated reports are prepared, to develop a theoretical model of integrated reporting for JSE listed companies through literature review and analysis of published integrated reports. In addition, to investigate the perceived success of integrated reporting by examining its requirements, objectives, enforceability and implications to the listed companies. Based on the above, to determine how companies fulfil the requirements of integrated reporting and what those requirements are. To determine by comparing published integrated reports of companies, similarities or comparability of the information published on integrated reports ascertaining the measurability of the success of the application of integrated reporting. Practical implications – This case study research provides a useful insight into drivers of integrated reporting. Limitations to the study – The lack of responses from industry experts contacted for interviews considered a limitation in validating the outcome of the study. Originality/Value – This case study research looks at the current adoption and application of integrated reporting by JSE listed companies.
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Cooper, Alan Jeffrey. "Governance of Hong Kong companies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264621.

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Schröder, Nicole. "Perspektiven der Europäisierung des GmbH-Rechts und der Europäischen Privatgesellschaft vor dem Hintergrund der Europäischen Aktiengesellschaft /." Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/522188915.pdf.

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Rahmani, Ataollah. "Majority rule and minority shareholder protection in joint stock companies in England and Iran." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1848/.

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Principally, joint stock companies are governed by the principle of majority rule, which means that while they are formed and continue to work through participation of every shareholder, only those who hold a majority of voting shares can make decisions in companies. The principle relies on contract and is often supported by company law. In the main, it is advantageous to companies, the Judiciary and the economy. It facilitates collective action, allows management to focus on the daily running of the company business and encourages corporate financing, which is decisively important for corporations. It also saves, by curbing minority actions, the courts’ time and the public budget. In one sense, however, it can also be dangerous to the rights and interests of minority shareholders. Using the majority rule, majority shareholders may fix for themselves private benefits or adopt policies which are poor and consequently harmful to companies. Such danger could discourage likely investors from investing their capital in companies and might undermine one of the main purposes of the corporation as an institution introduced by law and business practice to solve problems encountered in raising substantial amounts of capital. This research seeks to study in the light of English and Iranian company laws difficulties deriving from application of the majority rule for minority shareholders and possible ways and mechanisms which can be used to sensibly curb the occurrence of such difficulties. To this objective, it identifies four factors which can explain how and why the rule is liable to abuse by majority shareholders and examines the mechanisms provided by company laws of England and Iran which attempt to strike a balance between the rule of majority and interests of minority shareholders.
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Payet, Puccio José Antonio. "The Open Stock Corporation: some ideas for the reform of its legislative treatment." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123576.

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In this paper, the author focuses on the study of the legal institution of the Open Stock Corporation, analyzing the way how it has been treated in our legislation over time. Furthermore, he analyzes its current regulation in the General Law of Corporations, the Securities Market Law and some isolated legal provisions. Finally, he provides some ideas for the necessary reform of this institution.
En el presente artículo, el autor se centra en el estudio de la institución jurídica de la Sociedad Anónima Abierta, analizando la forma como ha sido tratada en nuestra legislación a lo largo del tiempo. Asimismo, analiza su regulación actual en la Ley General de Sociedades, en la Ley del Mercado de Valores y en algunas disposiciones legales aisladas. Finalmente, brinda algunas ideas para la necesaria reforma de esta institución.
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Prettl, Axel [Verfasser]. "The international tax law of Controlled Foreign Corporation rules and their influence on multinational companies' behaviour / Axel Prettl." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236994019/34.

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Rothaermel, Thomas. "Possibilities of securing and exercising family influence in U.S. companies a comparative analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81229.

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This work focuses on the special problems in the context of drafting the corporate charter and bylaws for American corporations the stocks of which are mainly owned by the members of one family. Although the ownership structure would also allow a partnership organization, there can be good reasons for choosing the corporate structure. Nevertheless, the family owners will want to preserve a partnership-like structure and a maximum amount of ownership influence. However, the three-tiered structure of the corporation (board of directors, officers, and shareholders) and their individual functions are fixed by a "statutory model" that the courts tend to adhere to and that has often been written into positive corporate statutes.
Hence, for each organizational level, this work tries to fathom the permissible deviations from the statutory model in order to maintain and exercise family influence.
Furthermore, the special legal forms provided by the legislators (especially "close corporation status") will be considered.
Because American corporate law is within the province of the state legislators, the work takes a comparative approach. Guided by the criteria of practical applicability and comparative interest, the Model Business Corporation Act as well as the state laws of Delaware, New York, California, and Nevada were selected.
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Books on the topic "Stock companies Corporation law"

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Black, Bernard S. Guide to the Russian law on joint stock companies. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1998.

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Wirth, Gerhard. Corporate law in Germany. München: C.H. Beck, 2004.

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Bonn, Moritz J. The German Stock Corporation Act. 2nd ed. München: C.H. Beck, 2000.

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Wang, Kuei-kuo. China's company law: An annotation. Singapore: Butterworths Asia in co-operation with the Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law of the City University of Hong Kong, 1994.

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China. China's company law: The new legislation. Singapore: Butterworths Asia in co-operation with the Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law of the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong, 1994.

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Scott, William Robert. The constitution and finance of English, Scottish and Irish joint-stock companies to 1720. Bristol, Eng: Thoemmes Press, 1993.

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Thomas, Mulvey. Dominion company law: The companies act of the Dominion of Canada and Dominion and provincial legislation applicable to companies incorporated under the Dominion Companies Act. Toronto: Ontario Pub. Co., 1996.

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Kabushiki-gaisha Yūgen-gaishahō: Laws of stock corporations and limited liability companies. 4th ed. Tōkyō: Yūhikaku, 2005.

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Kabushiki-gaisha Yūgen-gaishahō: Laws of stock corporations and limited liability companies. 3rd ed. Tōkyō: Yūhikaku, 2004.

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Guzmán, Fabián López. La sociedad por acciones simplificada SAS: Un modelo estratégico empresarial. Bogotá, D.C., Colombia: Ediciones Doctrina y Ley, LTDA, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stock companies Corporation law"

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Schulz, Martin, and Oliver Wasmeier. "Stock Corporation (AG)." In The Law of Business Organizations, 37–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17793-4_2.

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Pavoni, Riccardo. "A Plea for Legal Peace." In Remedies against Immunity?, 93–117. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_5.

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AbstractThis chapter advocates legal peace between Germany and Italy as the most sensible and appropriate way to deal with the aftermath of Sentenza 238/2014 of the Italian Constitutional Court and its declaration of the unconstitutionality of the 2012 International Court of Justice (ICJ) Judgment in Jurisdictional Immunities. This plea does not only arise from frustration with the current impasse but also from the suspicion that the public good of legal peace has never seriously been canvassed by the Italian and German governments. Section II takes stock of the legal developments relating to the dispute between Germany and Italy since Sentenza 238/2014 was delivered. It especially focuses on the attitudes of the governments concerned, both in the context of the ongoing proceedings before Italian courts and elsewhere. It finds such attitudes opaque and unduly dismissive of the necessity to devise legal peace in the interest of the victims and of the integrity of international law. Section III highlights how the behaviour of the governments so far was at odds with the successful outcome of other intergovernmental negotiations concerning reparations for crimes committed during World War II (WWII), a process which has not been entirely finalized, as evidenced by the 2014 Agreement between the US and France on compensation for the French railroad deportees who were excluded from prior French reparation programmes. The Agreement between the US and France and all previous similar arrangements were concluded under mounting pressure of litigation before domestic courts against those states (and/or their companies) that were responsible for unredressed WWII crimes, thus a situation resembling the current state of the dispute between Germany and Italy. It is telling that litigation ended when the courts took cognizance of the stipulation of intergovernmental agreements establishing fair mechanisms for compensating the plaintiffs and victims of the relevant crimes. Such practice, therefore, is essentially in line with the proposition that state immunity (for human rights violations) is essentially conditional on effective alternative remedies for the victims. This and other controversial aspects related to the law of state immunity—such as the nature of state immunity, the North American remedies against immunity for state sponsors of terrorism, and the persistent dynamism of pertinent practice—are revisited in section IV. The purpose is to suggest that certainty about the law of international immunities, as allegedly flowing from the 2012 ICJ Judgment, is more apparent than real and that this consideration should a fortiori urge the realization of legal peace in the German–Italian affair.
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Televantos, Andreas. "Conclusion." In Capitalism Before Corporations, 171–78. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870340.003.0009.

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This concluding chapter reiterates the points made in the previous chapters to tell a story of how a commercial law was created by giving voice in law to broader political economic concerns. Although, as with the Factors Acts, there were instances of conflict between judges and merchants, the overall picture here is not one of judges pushing back against merchants riding the tide of economic progress. Unlike many modern courts, judges did not see their role as simply encouraging commercial activity. This was rooted in the wider belief that commercial activity was not per se desirable, as too much trade was causing economic instability. This was not a mindset specific to judges or lawyers. This analysis itself raises a broader question. Given that large joint stock companies were perceived of us inefficient and even immoral, why did England introduce general incorporation in 1844, and limited liability in 1855? The chapter draws from the foregoing analysis to make some observations.
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Smithers, Andrew. "The UK Is Similar to the US." In Productivity and the Bonus Culture, 113–14. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836117.003.0020.

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The UK resembles the US, with similar adverse changes in demography and productivity. Sharp falls in investment in both countries started well before 2008 and caused the subsequent slow growth in the net capital stock and labour productivity. The UK has experienced a similar rise in management pay and bonuses, so it is probable that the decline in investment and productivity in the UK is also the result of the perverse incentives of the bonus culture. Poor data means that the relationship between investment corporation tax and RoE cannot be tested for the UK. Like the US, however, large companies have been the main cause of the decline in investment and productivity. Brexit is likely to depress real living standards and amplify the problem of low to zero growth.
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"The Joint-Stock Business Corporation." In Industrializing English Law, 110–36. Cambridge University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511510137.006.

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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. "18. The corporation tax system." In Business Law, 186–91. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192844316.003.0018.

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This chapter deals with the corporation tax system, which determines the tax liability of companies. It discusses the calculation of profits; tax assessment; relief for trade losses; and taxation of close companies.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. "18. The corporation tax system." In Business Law 2020-2021, 188–93. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198858393.003.0018.

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This chapter deals with the corporation tax system, which determines the tax liability of companies. It discusses the calculation of profits; tax assessment; relief for trade losses; and taxation of close companies.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. "18. The corporation tax system." In Business Law 2019-2020, 190–95. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198838579.003.0018.

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This chapter deals with the corporation tax system, which determines the tax liability of companies. It discusses the calculation of profits; tax assessment; relief for trade losses; and taxation of close companies.
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Marson, James, and Katy Ferris. "16. Duties Relating to Corporation Finance and Capital." In Business Law, 402–23. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198849957.003.0016.

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This chapter discusses the details of the various obligations on companies that wish to issue and allot shares, provide debentures and charges over the company’s assets, and provide guidance on the maintenance of the company’s finances. It continues from the discussion of the administration of the company to consider the broad issue of corporate governance and identifies how a company may raise capital, while also considering the obligations placed on the directors to protect and maintain the capital of the company for its members. To appreciate the effects of the Companies Act (CA) 2006 on companies, it is important to understand the rules regarding the issuing of shares and granting of debentures to protect the company and the creditors from abuse, and how dividends are to be agreed upon and provided to shareholders.
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"Birzhevaia goriachka (Stock-exchange fever), 1856–1870." In The Corporation under Russian Law, 1800–1917, 30–54. Cambridge University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511528934.004.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stock companies Corporation law"

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Nawrocki, Tomasz. "FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY IN COMPANIES LISTED ON THE WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b22/s6.032.

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Brabec, Zdenek. "THE USE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS BY SELECTED COMPANIES LISTED ON THE PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b22/s6.102.

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Deynekli, Adnan. "Restructuring as a Way to Improve the Financial Situation in Capital Stock Companies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00362.

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Because of unexpected changes in economic situations, capital stock companies that can carry their economic entities may be faced with danger to stop their activity because of they cannot afford to pay promptly paid debts. This danger threatens the workers who are faced with the situation of being unable to receive their money as much as debtors. This threat effects legal and national economy. In the situations like this, providing them to continue their economic lifes with restructuring the capital stock companies that have an opportunity to continue their economic entity, is to the advantage of everybody. Restructuring of capital stock companies and cooperatives with compromise way,is an institution that is accepted in Turkish law, in 2003. This institution based on the thought of providing to continue their activities in the situation of saving this company is possible, instead of deciding bankruptcy of company that is improved in last years in the world and is in financial straits. Capital stock company or cooperative that is in financial straits compose with majority of creditors who have an amount of credits that are said in law, about restructuring debts. System works under the surveillance of court and acceptance or refuse require interference of judicial body. Under this heading, process of delaying bankruptcy, conditions and the way of practising will be explained.
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Vodenicharov, Asen. "CIVIL LAW STATUS OF THE SUPERVISORY ORGAN IN EUROPEAN BUSINESS COMPANIES." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.303.

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The Supervisory organ is a compulsory element in the governance structure of the European Structures for Business Association, namely the European Company (Societas Europaea) and the European Cooperative Society (Societas Cooperativa Europaea) that have chosen a two-tier system for their organizations. The organ under consideration presents a hybrid regulatory framework. On the one hand, these are the provisions in the regulations of the European Union, and, on the other, the national law regulations. The organ in question has specific characteristics. Its members are elected by the General meeting. The staff of the first supervisory board may be appointed in the statues. This should apply without prejudice to any employee participation arrangements determined pursuant to Directive 2003/72 / EC. The members of the Supervisory organ are elected for the term specified in the Statute of the association. Their maximum term of office after the expiry mandate date may not exceed six months. The package of powers includes constitutional, authoritative and controlling rights and obligations. The supervisory organ shall elect and dismiss members or an individual member of the management organ. In cases explicitly provided for in the statute of the association, a certain category of legal transactions cannot be concluded by the management organ without the permission of the supervisory organ. Its controlling functions are particularly important. The supervisory organ shall supervise the duties performed by the management organ. It may not itself exercise the power to manage the associations. The supervisory organ may not represent the associations in dealings with third parties. It shall represent the associations in dealings with the management body, or its members, in respect of litigation or the conclusion of contracts. The management organ shall report to the supervisory body at least once every three months on the progress and foreseeable developments of the association’s business, taking into account any information relating to undertakings controlled by the association that may significantly affect the progress of the association business. The members of the Supervisory organ are holders of Civil liability. Its legal basis is the relevant rules in the national law relating to joint stock companies or cooperative organizations in the Member States in which they have registered their office. This liability is based on the possible damage caused by illegal or incorrect acts or actions.
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"THE ASSESSMENT OF BANKRUPTCY RISK OF AN ENTERPRISE WITH THE USE OF MEASURES BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF ECONOMIC PROFIT (BASED ON CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES FROM THE POLISH STOCK MARKET)." In Global Business and Law Development Imperatives. Київський національний торговельно-економічний університет, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/k.knute.2019-10-10.05.

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Fehér, Gábor, and Éva Karai. "HUNGARIAN IFRS IMPLEMENTATION FROM TAX PERSPECTIVE." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.159.

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The influence of corporate income taxation on financial statements presented on a domestic accounting standards basis differ by countries in a wide range. Corporate income taxation in Hungary has a strong connection to the Hungarian Accounting Act. From 2016 it is prescribed or allowed for specific companies to present their financial statements on IFRS basis. The transition represented not only a challenge in the accounting system of the companies, but the state had to face new tasks because the taxation of IFRS companies had to meet the tax principle of horizontal equity and ensure the proper tax revenue. Research data arise from financial statements of Hungarian companies listed on the Budapest Stock Exchange. The average effective tax rate of Hungarian listed companies decreased after the transition. Temporary tax rules for IFRS companies were applied to reach the tax level of the companies that prepare their financial statements following the Hungarian Accounting Law. Authors compare the results with empirical findings of other European countries.
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Topaloğlu, Mustafa. "Establishment of a Company and Share Acquisitions in Turkey by Foreigner Investors." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02230.

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Relating to the establishment and acquisition of a company in Turkey by foreign investors, Foreign Direct Investments Law No.4875, FDI has entered into force on 17.06.2003. FDI formed a notification-based system rather than an approval-based system for foreigners to establish a new company and to take over company shares. Accordingly, company information regarding foreign investors will be notified to the General Directorate of Incentive Implementation and Foreign Capital via “Electronic Incentive Implementation and Foreign Capital Information System”. Foreign investment means establishment of a new company by a foreign investor or share acquisitions of an existing company, any percentage of shares acquired outside the stock exchange or 10 percentage or more of the shares/voting power of a company acquired through the stock exchange, by means of the following economic assets: assets acquired from abroad by the foreign investor which are capital in cash in the form of convertible currency bought and sold by the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, stocks and bonds of foreign companies excluding government bonds, machinery and equipment, industrial and intellectual property rights; or assets acquired from Turkey by foreign investor which are reinvested earnings, revenues, financial claims, or any other investment-related rights of financial value, rights for the exploration and extraction of natural resources. According to Article 4 of the Regulation for Implementation of Foreign Direct Investment Law, the Ministry of Economy shall provide information on the companies within the scope of foreign direct investments from Trade Registry Offices and related public institutions and organizations.
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Vincent, Bruce D., and Indra L. Maharaj. "Evolving Standards of Indigenous Peoples Engagement and Managing Project Risk." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78319.

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The standards for Indigenous engagement are evolving rapidly in Canada. The risks to project approvals and schedules, based on whether consultation has been complete, have been recently demonstrated by the denial of project permits and protests against projects. Indigenous rights and the duty to consult with affected Indigenous groups is based on the Constitution Act, 1982 and has been, and is being, better defined through case law. At the same time, international standards, including the International Finance Corporation Performance Standards and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, are influencing government and corporate policies regarding consultation. The Government of Canada is revising policies and project application review processes, to incorporate the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada; that Commission specifically called for industry to take an active role in reconciliation with Canada’s Indigenous peoples. Pipeline companies can manage cost, schedule and regulatory risks to their projects and enhance project and corporate social acceptance through building and maintaining respectful relationships and creating opportunities for Indigenous participation in projects.
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Takahashi, Koji. "Improving the Productivity and Sustainability of Port Management Against High Tide and Tsunamis." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96406.

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Abstract In 2011, the National Diet of Japan passed a law to implement the policy of “International Container Strategy Ports,” which would be applied to public-built private-management system and private company financing methods to container terminals at the main ports operated by Port Management Bodies which are local governments. It would also establish the port management corporation at each port in order to improve the productivity of container terminals throughout Japan. Port management corporations have already been established at several ports such as “Kobe-Osaka,” “Yokohama-Kawasaki” and “Nagoya-Yokkaichi.” The purpose of establishing these port management corporations for container terminals is to amend the rigid port management system by local governments, and to be prepared to provide a quick response to global economic changes and the wills of cargo owners and shipping companies. Current port management corporations, however, are facing various problems of management. On the other hand, as in the cases of the tidal inundation disaster at Kansai Airport and the port area due to heavy rain in 2018, port management needs to make new capital investment to cope with the issues such as the construction to protect ground structure against high tide and tsunamis. Therefore, the author would like to first analyze the issues that current port management face, and then propose solutions and possible scenarios for improving the productivity and sustainability of port management against high tide and tsunamis.
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Tusan, Radoslav. "THE IMPACT OF THE ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS ON THE FINANCIAL SITUATION AND PERFORMANCE OF THE COMPANY." In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.s.p.2020.37.

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This paper deals with the evaluation of the impact of the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the financial situation and performance of the company. The Slovak Accounting Act allows accounting and reporting under IFRS for two types of entities - explicitly specified by law (e.g. banks, insurance companies, stock exchange); and those that meet specified size criteria. The analyzed company met the size criteria and IFRS has been applying since 2018. The transition from Slovak accounting procedures to IFRS has an impact on the classification of individual items of assets and liabilities, their structure, and the classification of related costs and revenues. The transition to IFRS thus has an impact on the company's financial position and performance. The paper set out two objectives of the research: 1) the transition to IFRS caused an insignificant change in the company's financial indicators; 2) the transition to IFRS caused a significant change in the company's financial indicators. The results of the analysis show changes in the structure of the company's assets and liabilities, the amount of income and expenses, and the less significant impact of the adoption of IFRS on financial indicators.
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