Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stolen generation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Stolen generation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023
Last updated: 20 February 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Stolen generation.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Clark, Melanie. "Stolen generation." Index on Censorship 29, no. 4 (July 2000): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064220008536776.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Besterman, Tristram. "Returning a stolen generation." Museum International 61, no. 1-2 (May 2009): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.2009.01665.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Burnside, Julian. "Stolen Generation: Time for a Change." Alternative Law Journal 32, no. 3 (September 2007): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x0703200301.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Read, Peter. "The return of the stolen generation." Journal of Australian Studies 22, no. 59 (January 1998): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443059809387421.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Rigney, Lester Irabinna. "Native title, the stolen generation and reconciliation." Interventions 1, no. 1 (October 1998): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698019800510181.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kurian, Anna. "A Midsummer Night’s Dreamand the Stolen Generation." ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0895769x.2016.1191010.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Booth, Tim. "Parents with Learning Difficulties and the Stolen Generation." Journal of Learning Disabilities 7, no. 3 (September 2003): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14690047030073001.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Marchetti, Elena, and Janet Ransley. "Unconscious Racism: Scrutinizing Judicial Reasoning in 'Stolen Generation' Cases." Social & Legal Studies 14, no. 4 (December 2005): 533–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663905057659.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

O'Sullivan, Maria. "‘Past’ Violations under International Human Rights Law: The Indigenous ‘Stolen Generation’ in Australia." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 23, no. 2 (June 2005): 243–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934410502300204.

Full text
Abstract:
This article examines the debate relating to reparations for ‘past’ human rights violations, with particular focus on the case of the indigenous ‘Stolen Generation’ in Australia. The ‘Stolen Generation’ is a term used to describe the government-sanctioned practice of forced removals of part-Aboriginal children from their indigenous parents and placement into non-indigenous institutions and homes, which occurred in Australia from approximately 1910–1970. The ‘Stolen Generation’ violations present a unique and difficult legal question for international human rights law because they straddle the divide between ‘historic’ violations and contemporary acts, that is, they were committed by Australia after Australia signed key agreements such as the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, the Declaration on the Rights of the Child and the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, but prior to its ratification of international human rights treaties such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. This means that bringing a claim under international human rights law in relation to the violations raises a number of problems. The object of this article will be to explore whether Australia can be held responsible under international human rights law for the ‘Stolen Generation’ violations and possible avenues of redress. In this regard, the focus of the article will be on the possible claims victims could make to relevant treaty monitoring bodies and the types of obstacles they would face in doing so. These legal questions are also relevant to the wider debate that is taking place in relation to reparations, namely the extent to which a State can be held legally responsible to provide reparations for past violations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Schuhmacher, Smith C. "The consumer perspective and the impact of the stolen generation." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, s1 (January 2000): A61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000486700761.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Copland, Mark Stephen. "Calculating Lives: The Numbers and Narratives of Forced Removals in Queensland 1859 - 1972." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367813.

Full text
Abstract:
European expansion caused dramatic dislocation for Aboriginal populations in the landmass that became the state of Queensland. On the frontiers, violence, abductions and forced relocations occurred on a largely informal basis condoned by colonial governments. The introduction of protective legislation in the late nineteenth century created a formal state-directed legal and administrative framework for the forcible removal and institutionalisation of Aboriginal people. This became the cornerstone for policy direction in Queensland and remained so into the mid-twentieth century. This thesis traces the development of policies and practices of removal in Queensland from their beginnings in the nineteenth century through to their dismantling in the mid-twentieth century. There has been much historical research into frontier violence and processes of dispossession in Queensland. The focus of this study is the systematic analysis of archival data relating to the forced removals of the twentieth century. The study has its genesis in an Australian Research Council Strategic Partnership with Industry — Research and Training Scheme (SPIRT) grant. This grant enabled the construction of a Removals Database, which provides a powerful tool with which to interrogate available records pertaining to removals of Aboriginal people in Queensland. Removals were a crucial element in the gathering and exploitation of Aboriginal labourers during the twentieth century. They also constituted a major form of control for the departments responsible for Aboriginal affairs within the Queensland administration. Tensions between a policy of complete segregation and the demand for Aboriginal labour in the wider community existed throughout the period of study. While segregation was implemented to an extent in relation to targeted sections of the Aboriginal population, such as “half-caste” females, employer insistence on access to reliable, cheap Aboriginal labour invariably took precedence. Detailed analysis of recorded reasons for removals demonstrates that they are unreliable in explaining why individuals were actually removed. They show a changing focus over time. Fluctuations in numbers of removals for different years reflect reasons not officially acknowledged in the records, such as the need to populate newly created reserves and establish institutional communities. They tell us little about the situation of Aboriginal people, but much about the racial thinking of the time. This study contributes to our knowledge base about the implementation and extent of Aboriginal child separation in Queensland. A comprehensive estimate of the number of separations concludes that one in six Aboriginal children in Queensland were separated from their natural families as a result of past policies. Local Aboriginal Protectors (usually police officers) played a major role in the way that the policy of removals was implemented. Local factors often determined the extent of removals as much as policy direction in the centralised Office of the Chief Protector of Aborigines. Removals took place across vast distances, and the Chief Protector was often totally reliant on local protectors for information and advice. This meant that employers and local protectors could have a major impact on the rate of removals in a given location. Responses of both Protectors and Aboriginal people to the policy of removals were not always compliant. Some Protectors worked to ensure that local Aboriginal people could remain in their own community and geographical location. Aboriginal people demonstrated a degree of resistance to the policy and there are a numerous recorded examples of extraordinary human endurance where they travelled large distances in difficult circumstances to return to their original locations and communities. The policy of removals impacted on virtually every Aboriginal family in the state of Queensland and the effects of the dislocations continue to be experienced to this day.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts, Media and Culture
Full Text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Aitchison, Rosslyn. "Prepared for Difference? Exploring Child Protection Practice with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Families in Rural Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366230.

Full text
Abstract:
In Australia, over-representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in child protection systems is increasing. The legacy of the stolen generation has led to grief, sadness and loss of identity for many people, and major disparities in health, education, employment and housing means that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families are more susceptible to child welfare interventions in the present and future. This makes it imperative that responses for these families are more effective, in order to achieve socially just outcomes. As well, Australia’s growing multicultural society has increased demand for services provided to people from diverse cultural backgrounds to recognise the impact and importance of culture and to respond effectively. Cultural competency, which focuses on developing knowledge, skills and values for cross cultural practice, has gained momentum. It aims to enhance the ability of workers to provide culturally relevant and effective responses to people from different cultural backgrounds. However, ensuring that practices in the human services are culturally appropriate, culturally safe, salient, and effective, has proved elusive.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Human Services and Social Work
Griffith Health
Full Text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Allbrook, Malcolm. "'Imperial Family': The Prinseps, Empire and Colonial Government in India and Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366264.

Full text
Abstract:
On February 13th 2008, newly elected Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd stood before the House of Representatives to move that Parliament apologise to the '‘stolen generations'’, the colloquial term for Aboriginal people from all parts of the country who as children had been forcibly removed from their homes and families and placed in state-run institutions or missions. Rudd'’s motion was one of his earliest acts as Prime Minister and earned widespread support. His predecessor John Howard had vigorously opposed a government apology on the grounds that current generations were not responsible for the policies of the past, and so carried no burden of guilt that warranted an apology...
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Centre for Public Cultures and Ideas
Full Text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Briskman, Linda 1947. "Aboriginal activism and the stolen generations : the story of SNAICC." Monash University, National Centre for Australian Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9293.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

au, 30021222@student murdoch edu, and Gerrard George Shaw. "Meeting Your Depth." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040618.204801.

Full text
Abstract:
As a member of the Stolen Generations, my objective and design in this dissertation is part of a larger project, involving the reclamation of my Aboriginal identity, taken from me as a child. I will attempt to do this through researching the lives of my grandfather George Shaw and his daughters, Ruby Janie and Maggie. Through a reading of files and documents held by the Department of Indigenous Affairs, Perth, I will show how the 1905 Aborigines Protection Act impacted on the lives of the Shaw family, and on all Aboriginal people who lived under this oppressive regime. Through the disclosure of what life was like for me as a child removed, I attempt to identify the shameful lack of care by the authorities concerned with my removal. The rational behind this piece of work is based on a desire to further my own personal journey of healing by linking my story to the larger Shaw story.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Murphy, Sytil Kathleen. "Anti-Stokes generation in a continuous wave raman laser." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/murphy/MurphyS0808.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
The continuous-wave Raman laser system differs from other Raman systems in that it uses cavity enhancement to augment the pump laser source rather than a high-power pulsed laser source. Through interactions of the pump laser with the Raman active medium, all Raman systems can produce both red-shifted, Stokes, emission and blue-shifted, anti-Stokes, emission. Previous, continuous-wave Raman laser systems have focused on the Stokes emission. This dissertation presents theory and data on the anti-Stokes emission. Specifically, it investigates the anti-Stokes mode structure and the emitted power as a function of input pump power, detuning, pressure, and mode combination. In order to be able to compare theory to data, the existing semi-classical CW Raman laser theory is extended to include the possibility that the spatial mode of any of the three fields (pump, Stokes, or anti-Stokes) is not the fundamental spatial mode. Numerical simulations of this theory are used to understand the behavior of the CW Raman system. All the data is compared to the theory, with varying degrees of success. The pump laser used in this research is a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG at 532 nm and the Raman active medium is H 2. This combination results in Stokes and anti- Stokes wavelengths of 683 nm and 435 nm, respectively. Five methods were found in this research for increasing the amount of anti-Stokes emitted: increasing the input pump power, detuning from gain line-center of the Stokes emission, increasing the reflectivity of the cavity mirrors at the anti-Stokes wavelength, switching to a higher-order spatial mode, and decreasing the H 2 pressure within the Raman cavity. In general, it was found that the higher-order anti-Stokes modes did not agree with a single theoretical spatial mode. Superpositions were formed of multiple theoretical spatial modes giving intensity distribution across the profile similar to the measured profile. Three theoretical spatial mode symmetries were investigated: rectangular, cylindrical, and elliptical. Also measured was the Raman gain as a function of pressure. The accepted theory for the Raman linewidth was found to be slightly off.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gray, James Paul Peter 1976. "Caldera collapse and the generation of waves." Monash University, Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8888.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Naumov, Dmitri. "Computational Fluid Dynamics in Unconsolidated Sediments: Model Generation and Discrete Flow Simulations." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-196338.

Full text
Abstract:
Numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations became more popular in recent decades with increasingly accessible and powerful computational resources. Simulations in reconstructed or artificial pore geometries are often performed to gain insight into microscopic fluid flow structures or are used for upscaling quantities of interest, like hydraulic conductivity. A physically adequate representation of pore-scale flow fields requires analysis of large domains. We solve the incompressible NSE in artificial ordered and random pore-space structures. A simple cubic and face-centred packings of spheres placed in a square duct are analysed. For the fluid flow simulations of random media, packings of spheres, icosahedra, and cubes forming unconsolidated sediments are generated using a rigid body simulation software. The Direct Numerical Simulation method is used for the solution of the NSE implemented in the open-source computational fluid dynamics software OpenFOAM. The influence of the number of spheres in ordered packings, the mesh type, and the mesh resolution is investigated for fluid flow up to Reynolds numbers of 100 based on the spheres' diameter. The random media mesh generation method relies on approximate surface reconstruction. The resulting tetrahedral meshes are then used for steady-state simulations and refined based on an a-posteriori error estimator. The fluid flow simulation results can further be used twofold: 1) They provide homogenized hydro-mechanical properties of the analysed medium for the larger meso and macro groundwater flow simulations. A concept of one-way binding for large-scale simulations is presented. 2) Visualisation: A post-processing image rendering technique was employed in interactive and still image visualisation environments allowing better overview over local fluid flow structures. The ogs FEM code for the solution of large-scale groundwater processes was inspected for computational efficiency. The conclusions drawn from this analysis formed the~basis for the implementation of the~new version of the code---ogs6. The improvements include comparison of linear algebra software realisations and an implementation of optimized memory access patterns in FEM-local assembler part.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Sahin, Serkan Mehmet. "Development Of A Two-dimensional Navier-stokes Solver For Laminar Flows Using Cartesian Grids." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613091/index.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
A fully automated Cartesian/Quad grid generator and laminar flow solver have been developed for external flows by using C++. After defining the input geometry by nodal points, adaptively refined Cartesian grids are generated automatically. Quadtree data structure is used in order to connect the Cartesian cells to each other. In order to simulate viscous flows, body-fitted quad cells can be generated optionally. Connectivity is provided by cut and split cells such that the intersection points of Cartesian cells are used as the corners of quads at the outmost row. Geometry based adaptation methods for cut, split cells and highly curved regions are applied to the uniform mesh generated around the geometry. After obtaining a sufficient resolution in the domain, the solution is achieved with cellcentered approach by using multistage time stepping scheme. Solution based grid adaptations are carried out during the execution of the program in order to refine the regions with high gradients and obtain sufficient resolution in these regions. Moreover, multigrid technique is implemented to accelerate the convergence time significantly. Some tests are performed in order to verify and validate the accuracy and efficiency of the code for inviscid and laminar flows.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Ryberg, David Severin Verfasser], Detlef [Akademischer Betreuer] [Stolten, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Lauster. "Generation lulls from the future potential of wind and solar energy in Europe / David Severin Ryberg ; Detlef Stolten, Michael Lauster." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/123131737X/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Fraser, Rosalie. Shadow child: A memoir of the stolen generation. Alexandria, N.S.W: Hale & Iremonger, c1998., 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Orphaned by the colour of my skin: A stolen generation story. Maleny, Qld: Verdant House, 2008.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Glenna, Whitley, ed. Stolen valor: How the Vietnam generation was robbed of its heroes and its history. Dallas: Verity Press, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Glenna, Whitley, ed. Stolen valor: How the Vietnam generation was robbed of its heroes and its history. Dallas: Verity Press, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Manne, Robert. In denial: The stolen generations and the right. Melbourne, Vic: Schwartz Publishing, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Briskman, Linda. The black grapevine: Aboriginal activism and the stolen generations. Annandale, N.S.W: Federation Press, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Paul, Omaji, ed. Our state of mind: Racial planning and the stolen generations. Fremantle, W.A: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Outback heart. Murray Bridge, S. Aust: Nyiri Publications, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Simon, Bill. Back on the block: Bill Simon's story. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press, 2009.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Ann, Delroy, Patuto Michael, and Western Australian Museum, eds. The stolen generations: Separation of aboriginal children from their families in Western Australia. Perth, W.A: Western Australian Museum, 1999.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Jones, Benjamin T. "Denying the Stolen Generations." In History in a Post-Truth World, 103–20. First edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge approaches to history ; 39: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429319204-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Schaffer, Kay, and Sidonie Smith. "Indigenous Human Rights in Australia: Who Speaks for the Stolen Generations?" In Human Rights and Narrated Lives, 85–121. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403973665_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Celermajer, Danielle, and A. Dirk Moses. "Australian Memory and the Apology to the Stolen Generations of Indigenous People." In Memory in a Global Age, 32–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230283367_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

van Rijswijk, Honni. "Harms of the Stolen Generations Claimed Under the Flag: Contesting National World-Making Through Literature." In Flags, Color, and the Legal Narrative, 593–603. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32865-8_27.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Tinsley Oden, J., Weihan Wu, and Mark Ainsworth. "Three-Step H-P Adaptive Strategy for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations." In Modeling, Mesh Generation, and Adaptive Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations, 347–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4248-2_17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Veitaite, Ilona, and Audrius Lopata. "Knowledge-Based UML Dynamic Models Generation from Enterprise Model in Hospital Information Management Process Example." In Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Person-Centered Healthcare, 225–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79353-1_12.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to present knowledge-based Enterprise model (EM) sufficiency as data repository for Unified Modelling Language (UML) models generation. UML models are one of the most usable modelling languages in system lifecycle design stage, despite the problem domain of the system. UML models can be generated from Enterprise Model by using particular transformation algorithms presented in previous researches. Generation process from Enterprise model is represented by certain Hospital Information Management process example. Generated UML dynamic Use Case, Activity, Sequence and State models of different perspectives of Hospital Information Management process prove sufficiency of stored information in Enterprise model.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Doering, Charles R., and Lu Lu. "Enstropy Generation and Regularity of Solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes Equations." In IUTAM Symposium on Computational Physics and New Perspectives in Turbulence, 47–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6472-2_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Heimbach, Patrick, Chris Hill, and Ralf Giering. "Automatic Generation of Efficient Adjoint Code for a Parallel Navier-Stokes Solver." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1019–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46080-2_107.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Cornetti, Giovanni M. "A Characteristic-Galerkin Method for the Navier-Stokes Equations in Thin Domains with Free Boundaries." In Modeling, Mesh Generation, and Adaptive Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations, 201–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4248-2_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Welling, H., K. Ludewigt, H. Schmidt, R. Dierking, and B. Wellegehausen. "Generation of Coherent UV- and VUV-Radiation by the Anti-Stokes Raman Process." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 183–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39664-2_54.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Selker, M. D., and N. M. Lawandy. "Temperature, Temporal Coincidence, and Intensity Effects in Seeded Second Harmonic Generation of Germanosilicate Fibers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.pd21.

Full text
Abstract:
Since Stolen and Tom demonstrated in 1987 that seeding germanosilicate fibers with the second harmonic results in rapid preparation(1), many fundamental questions about the physical mechanisms responsible remain unanswered. We have studied the temperature dependence, temporal correlation and intensity dependence of the preparation process for seeded fibers using an Nd: YAG laser and fibers with only Ge doping.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Kashyap, Raman, S. T. Davey, and D. L. Williams. "First observation of phase-matched intrinsic second-harmonic generation in optical fibers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tugg1.

Full text
Abstract:
Ever since Osterberg and Margulis1 reported the growth of second-harmonic generation in optical fibres, and the observation by Stolen and Tom,2 the question has remained: how is the initial frequency doubled light generated? In particular Stolen and Tom observed that pumping the fibre with 4.8 kW peak of 1064 nm radiation, the frequency doubled light grew in the LP2 ω 11 mode from the fundamental wavelength LP2 ω 01 mode. They noted that symmetry has to be broken by the nonlinearity for the even ω mode to odd2 ω mode interaction to be observed. We have investigated the intrinsic nonlinearity in optical fibres by using phase-matched fibres and low optical powers. We postulated that the assymmetry of the nonlinearity which allows the observation of the LP2 ω 11 mode, will also allow the observation all the higher modes of the same order. It is practically impossible to fabricate a fibre which is phase-matched for the interaction, LP ω 01 → LP2 ω 11. We therefore fabricated a fibre which was phase matched for the higher mode-interaction, LP ω 01 →LP2 ω 12, and another for LP ω 01 →LP2 ω 13. It has been demonstrated for the first time that the fibres frequency double 10's of milliwatts of CW 1064 nm radiation into the LP2 ω 12, and the LP2 ω 13 modes with no prior preparation of the fibre. These observations indicate that there is indeed an intrinsic χ(2) nonlinearity in the fibre, theoretically studied by Terhune and Weinberger3 which must therefore act as the source of the initial sh radiation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Chee, J. K., and J. M. Liu. "Parametric Frequency Conversion in a Highly Birefringent Fiber." In Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1989.thb12.

Full text
Abstract:
A wide variety of nonlinear optical phenomena, such as stimulated Raman scattering[1], stimulated four-photon mixing[2], and sum-frequency generation[3], have been observed in optical fibers. For four-photon mixing in a fiber, phase matching condition has to be satisfied as well as conservation of energy. This has been successfully demonstrated both in multimode and single-mode fibers[4,5]. In a single-mode birefringent fiber, the birefringence in the fiber can compensate for the material dispersion[6,7]. Four-photon parametric process in single-mode birefringent fibers has been observed by Stolen et al. [6] when the pump polarization was along the slow axis and the Stokes and anti-Stokes pair were generated with a polarization along the fast axis with a large frequency shift. Later, Stenersen et al. [7] reported four-photon mixing with a relatively small frequency shift in highly birefringent single-mode fibers by divided pump between different polarization modes and phase-matched totally non-degenerate four-photon mixing by the pump, Stokes, and stimulated Raman Stokes to generate a new frequency. In this paper, we report the observation of various third-order nonlinear optical processes following parametric four-photon mixing in a highly birefringent fiber.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kanishk, Tanishk Nandal, Prince Tyagi, and Raj Kumar Singh. "Generation and Parameterization of Forced Isotropic Turbulent Flow Using Autoencoders and Generative Adversarial Networks." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69933.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Autoencoders and generative neural network models have recently gained popularity in fluid mechanics due to their spontaneity and low processing time instead of high fidelity CFD simulations. Auto encoders are used as model order reduction tools in applications of fluid mechanics by compressing input high-dimensional data using an encoder to map the input space into a lower-dimensional latent space. Whereas, generative models such as Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are proving to be effective in generating solutions to chaotic models with high ‘randomness’ such as turbulent flows. In this study, forced isotropic turbulence flow is generated by parameterizing into some basic statistical characteristics. The models trained on pre-simulated data from dependencies on these characteristics and the flow generation is then affected by varying these parameters. The latent vectors pushed along the generator models like the decoders and generators contain independent entries which can be used to create different outputs with similar properties. The use of neural network-based architecture removes the need for dependency on the classical mesh-based Navier-Stoke equation estimation which is prominent in many CFD softwares.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Duncan, M. D., R. Mahon, L. L. Tankersley, and J. Reintjes. "Origins Of Second Stokes Generation." In OE/LASE '89, edited by Robert A. Fisher and LeRoy E. Wilson. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.951729.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Duncan, M. D., R. Mahon, L. L. Tankersley, and J. Reintjes. "Second Stokes generation in deuterium." In ADVANCES IN LASER SCIENCE−IV. AIP, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.38558.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Carden, Arnold E. "Analysis of Electrohydraulic Shock Wave Generation." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85527.

Full text
Abstract:
Electrohydraulic Shock Wave Generation is an energy conversion process. Electrical energy stored at high voltage in a capacitor is discharged through a set of electrodes under water. The arc heats a small volume of water to a high temperature and pressure in the shock regime. This paper analyzes the relationship of the significant variables from an energy conversion perspective. The expanding pressure wave is able to fracture rock, kidney stones (lithotripsy), and resin bonded sand cores in castings. Experimental results are presented.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Thapliyal, Kishore, and Jan Perina. "Stokes and anti-Stokes photon-pair generation in Raman scattering." In 22nd Polish-Slovak-Czech Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics, edited by Waclaw Urbańczyk and Jan Masajada. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2663774.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Alicchio, Corey J., Justin S. Vitiello, and Pradeep Radhakrishnan. "Demonstrating the Generation of Bond Graphs From 3D Assemblies." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24043.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The bond graph method provides a generic and simple way to compute differential equations and dynamic responses for complex mechatronic systems. This paper will illustrate the process of automatically generating bond graphs from 3D CAD assemblies of gear-trains. Using appropriate CAD application programming interfaces (APIs), information on parts and mates within an existing assembly is extracted. The extracted information is stored as an identity graph, which also stores all geometry and mass related information of every part. Grammar rules are then used to transform the identity graph to a system graph, which is then converted to bond graph using an existing bond graph generation program. The paper will discuss the process, challenges and planned future work.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kim, Hyunmin, Tatyana Sheps, David K. Taggart, Philip G. Collins, Reginald M. Penner, and Eric O. Potma. "Coherent anti-Stokes generation from single nanostructures." In SPIE BiOS: Biomedical Optics, edited by Ammasi Periasamy and Peter T. C. So. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.810862.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Stolen generation"

1

Isaacs, Robert. A Lifelong Journey in Aboriginal Affairs and Community: Nulungu Reconciliation Lecture 2021. Edited by Melissa Marshall, Gillian Kennedy, Anna Dwyer, Kathryn Thorburn, and Sandra Wooltorton. Nulungu Research Institute, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/ni/2021.6.

Full text
Abstract:
In this 2021 Nulungu Reconciliation lecture, Dr Robert Isaacs AM OAM will explore the meaning of reconciliation and the lessons of his personal journey in two worlds. As part of the Stolen Generation, and born at the dawn of the formal Aboriginal Rights Movement, this lecture outlines the changing social attitudes through the eyes of the lived experience and the evolving national policy framework that has sought to manage, then heal, the wounds that divided a nation. Aspirations of self-determination, assimilation and reconciliation are investigated to unpack the intent versus the outcome, and why the deep challenges not only still exist, but in some locations the divide is growing. The Kimberley is an Aboriginal rights location of global relevance with Noonkanbah at the beating heart. The Kimberley now has 93 percent of the land determined through Native Title yet the Kimberley is home to extreme disadvantage, abuse and hopelessness. Our government agencies are working “nine-to-five” but our youth, by their own declaration, are committing suicide out of official government hours. The theme of the Kimberley underpins this lecture. This is the journey of a man that was of two worlds but now walks with the story of five - the child of the Bibilmum Noongar language group and the boy that was stolen. The man that became a policy leader and the father of a Yawuru-Bibilmum-Noongar family and the proud great-grandson that finally saw the recognition of the courageous act of saving fifty shipwrecked survivors in 1876.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

González-Montaña, Luis Antonio. Semantic-based methods for morphological descriptions: An applied example for Neotropical species of genus Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 (Collembola: Entomobryidae). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/biosystecol.1.e71620.

Full text
Abstract:
The production of semantic annotations has gained renewed attention due to the development of anatomical ontologies and the documentation of morphological data. Two methods are proposed in this production, differing in their methodological and philosophical approaches: class-based method and instance-based method. The first, the semantic annotations are established as class expressions, while in the second, the annotations incorporate individuals. An empirical evaluation of the above methods was applied in the morphological description of Neotropical species of the genus Lepidocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Lepidocyrtinae). The semantic annotations are expressed as RDF triple, which is a language most flexible than the Entity-Quality syntax used commonly in the description of phenotypes. The morphological descriptions were built in Protégé 5.4.0 and stored in an RDF store created with Fuseki Jena. The semantic annotations based on RDF triple increase the interoperability and integration of data from diverse sources, e.g., museum data. However, computational challenges are present, which are related with the development of semi-automatic methods for the generation of RDF triple, interchanging between texts and RDF triple, and the access by non-expert users.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Baker, James, and Sofya Shahab. Preserving Communities' Heritage: A Workbook for Heritage Capturers. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.006.

Full text
Abstract:
This is a practical workbook to guide local communities and heritage gatherers through the process of capturing and storing their heritage for future generations. Through initiatives with the British Academy and the Coalition for Religious Equality and Inclusive Development (CREID), the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) has been working with young people in Egypt, Iraq and Syria to capture their oral heritage, so that it may be preserved for future generations. Alongside life history interviews and topic interviews - which cover particular aspects of communities’ heritage - a key component of this heritage preservation is how these records will be stored. Thinking about the language and accessibility of digital archiving practices, this workbook is a practical guide to capturing and storing “heritage harvests”, including community interviews, photographs, and short films.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Wissink, Andrew, Jude Dylan, Buvana Jayaraman, Beatrice Roget, Vinod Lakshminarayan, Jayanarayanan Sitaraman, Andrew Bauer, James Forsythe, Robert Trigg, and Nicholas Peters. New capabilities in CREATE™-AV Helios Version 11. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40883.

Full text
Abstract:
CREATE™-AV Helios is a high-fidelity coupled CFD/CSD infrastructure developed by the U.S. Dept. of Defense for aeromechanics predictions of rotorcraft. This paper discusses new capabilities added to Helios version 11.0. A new fast-running reduced order aerodynamics option called ROAM has been added to enable faster-turnaround analysis. ROAM is Cartesian-based, employing an actuator line model for the rotor and an immersed boundary model for the fuselage. No near-body grid generation is required and simulations are significantly faster through a combination of larger timesteps and reduced cost per step. ROAM calculations of the JVX tiltrotor configuration give a comparably accurate download prediction to traditional body-fitted calculations with Helios, at 50X less computational cost. The unsteady wake in ROAM is not as well resolved, but wake interactions may be a less critical issue for many design considerations. The second capability discussed is the addition of six-degree-of-freedom capability to model store separation. Helios calculations of a generic wing/store/pylon case with the new 6-DOF capability are found to match identically to calculations with CREATE™-AV Kestrel, a code which has been extensively validated for store separation calculations over the past decade.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

DeVivo, Joseph C. Inventories 2.0: A plan for the next generation of NPS natural resource inventories. National Park Service, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2266646.

Full text
Abstract:
This Inventory 2.0 plan identifies IMD’s planned role in each of the ten inventories, and lays out a framework for ensuring the inventories led by IMD result in scientifically credible information for parks resource management, planning, and operations; and also identifies the means by which studies to collect new inventory data will be identified, prioritized, and implemented. Highlights include: IMD plans to lead three of the ten inventories (Species, Vegetation Community Mapping, and Surficial Geology/Soils Mapping), and contribute to the others in partnership with other programs. For the three IMD-led inventories, IMD will develop (or work with the Geologic Resources Division to develop) peer-reviewed inventory science plans that will lay out inventory objectives; and methods for data management, analysis, and integration to ensure that credible and useful inventory data are provided to parks in a timely manner. IMD will phase in implementation of IMD-led inventories during the first five years of program implementation. This will allow IMD to focus near-term efforts on meeting needs identified by the greatest number of parks (Species) while conducting necessary scoping to further refine needs for Vegetation Community Mapping and Surficial Geology/Soils Mapping inventories. During the next two years, IMD inventory efforts will be focused on implementing the Species Inventory, beginning with foundational work in advance of field data collection efforts to be funded in 2020. Additional scoping to identify suitable methods and minimum product specifications for Vegetation Community and Surficial Geology/Soils Mapping will be conducted in 2019-2020. These two new inventories will be phased in based on findings from scoping and progress toward closing out existing (1.0) inventory efforts. All I&M parks will be eligible for IMD funding to support inventories (see Appendix A). Non-I&M parks established before 2000 may be eligible for studies and activities to collect new inventory data pending approval of the project by the IMD Leadership Team. Inventories 2.0 funding cannot be spent to collect new data in parks established in 2000 or later, that are not currently served by an I&M network. Existing data from other sources may still be synthesized and delivered to these parks, however. Inventories 2.0 funding will not be used to fund programs or initiatives already funded or implemented by other programs or agencies. We will endeavor to partner with these entities when possible and appropriate to meet inventory needs identified in this plan, and to ensure IMD-created inventory (and monitoring) data are available to support other programs. Data and other information products resulting from new IMD-funded inventory studies will be managed by IMD rather than third-party repositories. This does not preclude sharing data with third parties or use of third-party tools or data distribution systems. At a minimum IMD commits to make inventory data available to others via the NPS Data Store (https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/) as well as data and/or map services. To the extent possible, IMD management of inventory data will use the data management infrastructure used for managing monitoring data. This includes a commitment to leverage data, tools, systems, and expertise where it already exists. Because of IMD’s explicit mandate to integrate I&M data with planning, wherever practicable, IMD commits to work with NPS Planning to ensure map and data services are integrated into NPS Atlas projects for each park or other planning tools as they are developed over time.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zhylenko, Tetyana I. Auto Checker of Higher Mathematics - an element of mobile cloud education. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3895.

Full text
Abstract:
We analyzed the main cloud services in the article. We also described the main contribution of mobile cloud technology to education. The article presents the author’s development from the field of mobile cloud education in higher mathematics. The design architecture of this application is described in detail: QR generator and scanner, authorization, sending tasks. Block diagrams and images are presented that clearly demonstrate the operation of the application. We showed an example of solving the integral from the section of integral calculus for higher mathematics and showed how to download the answer in the form of a QR code and find out whether it is correct or incorrect (this can be seen by the color on the smart phone screen). It is shown how this technology helps the teacher save time for checking assignments completed by students. This confirms its effectiveness. Such an application provides students and teachers with the ability to store and process data on a cloud computing platform.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Crystal, Victoria, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Yucca House National Monument: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293617.

Full text
Abstract:
Yucca House National Monument (YUHO) in southwestern Colorado protects unexcavated archeological structures that were constructed by the Ancestral Puebloan people between 1050 and 1300 CE. It was established by Woodrow Wilson by presidential proclamation in 1919 and named “Yucca House” by archeologist Jesse Fewkes as a reference to the names used for this area by the local Ute, Tewa Pueblo, and other Native groups. It was originally only 3.9 ha (9.6 ac) of land, but in 1990, an additional 9.7 ha (24 ac) of land was donated by Hallie Ismay, allowing for the protection of additional archeological resources. Another acquisition of new land is currently underway, which will allow for the protection of even more archeological sites. The archeological resources at YUHO remain unexcavated to preserve the integrity of the structures and provide opportunities for future generations of scientists. One of the factors that contributed to the Ancestral Puebloans settling in the area was the presence of natural springs. These springs likely provided enough water to sustain the population, and the Ancestral Puebloans built structures around one of the larger springs, Aztec Spring. Yet, geologic features and processes were shaping the area of southwest Colorado long before the Ancestral Puebloans constructed their dwellings. The geologic history of YUHO spans millions of years. The oldest geologic unit exposed in the monument is the Late Cretaceous Juana Lopez Member of the Mancos Shale. During the deposition of the Mancos Shale, southwestern Colorado was at the bottom of an inland seaway. Beginning about 100 million years ago, sea level rose and flooded the interior of North America, creating the Western Interior Seaway, which hosted a thriving marine ecosystem. The fossiliferous Juana Lopez Member preserves this marine environment, including the organisms that inhabited it. The Juana Lopez Member has yielded a variety of marine fossils, including clams, oysters, ammonites, and vertebrates from within YUHO and the surrounding area. There are four species of fossil bivalves (the group including clams and oysters) found within YUHO: Cameleolopha lugubris, Inoceramus dimidius, Inoceramus perplexus, and Pycnodonte sp. or Rhynchostreon sp. There are six species of ammonites in three genera found within YUHO: Baculites undulatus, Baculites yokoyamai, Prionocyclus novimexicanus, Prionocyclus wyomingensis, Scaphites warreni, and Scaphites whitfieldi. There is one unidentifiable vertebrate bone that has been found in YUHO. Fossils within YUHO were first noticed in 1875–1876 by W. H. Holmes, who observed fossils within the building stones of the Ancestral Puebloans’ structures. Nearly half of the building stones in the archeological structures at YUHO are fossiliferous slabs of the Juana Lopez Member. There are outcrops of the Juana Lopez 0.8 km (0.5 mi) to the west of the structures, and it is hypothesized that the Ancestral Puebloans collected the building stones from these or other nearby outcrops. Following the initial observation of fossils, very little paleontology work has been done in the monument. There has only been one study focused on the paleontology and geology of YUHO, which was prepared by paleontologist Mary Griffitts in 2001. As such, this paleontological resource inventory report serves to provide information to YUHO staff for use in formulating management activities and procedures associated with the paleontological resources. In 2021, a paleontological survey of YUHO was conducted to revisit previously known fossiliferous sites, document new fossil localities, and assess collections of YUHO fossils housed at the Mesa Verde National Park Visitor and Research Center. Notable discoveries made during this survey include: several fossils of Cameleolopha lugubris, which had not previously been found within YUHO; and a fossil of Pycnodonte sp. or Rhynchostreon sp. that was previously unknown from within YUHO.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Milek, Karen, and Richard Jones, eds. Science in Scottish Archaeology: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.193.

Full text
Abstract:
The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four key headings:  High quality, high impact research: the importance of archaeological science is reflected in work that explores issues connected to important contemporary topics, including: the demography of, the nature of movement of, and contact between peoples; societal resilience; living on the Atlantic edge of Europe; and coping with environmental and climatic change. A series of large-scale and integrated archaeological science projects are required to stimulate research into these important topics. To engage fully with Science in Scottish Archaeology iv these questions data of sufficient richness is required that is accessible, both within Scotland and internationally. The RCAHMS’ database Canmore provides a model for digital dissemination that should be built on.  Integration: Archaeological science should be involved early in the process of archaeological investigation and as a matter of routine. Resultant data needs to be securely stored, made accessible and the research results widely disseminated. Sources of advice and its communication must be developed and promoted to support work in the commercial, academic, research, governmental and 3rd sectors.  Knowledge exchange and transfer: knowledge, data and skills need to be routinely transferred and embedded across the archaeological sector. This will enable the archaeological science community to better work together, establishing routes of communication and improving infrastructure. Improvements should be made to communication between different groups including peers, press and the wider public. Mechanisms exist to enable the wider community to engage with, and to feed into, the development of the archaeological and scientific database and to engage with current debates. Projects involving the wider community in data generation should be encouraged and opportunities for public engagement should be pursued through, for example, National Science Week and Scottish Archaeology Month.  Networks and forums: A network of specialists should be promoted to aid collaboration, provide access to the best advice, and raise awareness of current work. This would be complemented by creating a series inter-disciplinary working groups, to discuss and articulate archaeological science issues. An online service to match people (i.e. specialist or student) to material (whether e.g. environmental sample, artefactual assemblage, or skeletal assemblage) is also recommended. An annual meeting should also be held at which researchers would be able to promote current and future work, and draw attention to materials available for analysis, and to specialists/students looking to work on particular assemblages or projects. Such meetings could be rolled into a suitable public outreach event.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Willis, C., F. Jorgensen, S. A. Cawthraw, H. Aird, S. Lai, M. Chattaway, I. Lock, E. Quill, and G. Raykova. A survey of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and antimicrobial resistance in frozen, part-cooked, breaded or battered poultry products on retail sale in the United Kingdom. Food Standards Agency, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xvu389.

Full text
Abstract:
Frozen, breaded, ready-to-cook chicken products have been implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis. Some of these outbreaks can be large. For example, one outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis involved 193 people in nine countries between 2018 and 2020, of which 122 cases were in the UK. These ready-to-cook products have a browned, cooked external appearance, which may be perceived as ready-to-eat, leading to mishandling or undercooking by consumers. Continuing concerns about these products led FSA to initiate a short-term (four month), cross-sectional surveillance study undertaken in 2021 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in frozen, breaded or battered chicken products on retail sale in the UK. This study sought to obtain data on AMR levels in Salmonella and E. coli in these products, in line with a number of other FSA instigated studies of the incidence and nature of AMR in the UK food chain, for example, the systematic review (2016). Between the beginning of April and the end of July 2021, 310 samples of frozen, breaded or battered chicken products containing either raw or partly cooked chicken, were collected using representative sampling of retailers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland based on market share data. Samples included domestically produced and imported chicken products and were tested for E. coli (including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, colistin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant E. coli) and Salmonella spp. One isolate of each bacterial type from each contaminated sample was randomly selected for additional AMR testing to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a range of antimicrobials. More detailed analysis based on Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data was used to further characterise Salmonella spp. isolates and allow the identification of potential links with human isolates. Salmonella spp. were detected in 5 (1.6%) of the 310 samples and identified as Salmonella Infantis (in three samples) and S. Java (in two samples). One of the S. Infantis isolates fell into the same genetic cluster as S. Infantis isolates from three recent human cases of infection; the second fell into another cluster containing two recent cases of infection. Countries of origin recorded on the packaging of the five Salmonella contaminated samples were Hungary (n=1), Ireland (n=2) and the UK (n=2). One S. Infantis isolate was multi-drug resistant (i.e. resistant to three different classes of antimicrobials), while the other Salmonella isolates were each resistant to at least one of the classes of antimicrobials tested. E. coli was detected in 113 samples (36.4%), with counts ranging from <3 to >1100 MPN (Most Probable Number)/g. Almost half of the E. coli isolates (44.5%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Multi-drug resistance was detected in 20.0% of E. coli isolates. E. coli isolates demonstrating the ESBL (but not AmpC) phenotype were detected in 15 of the 310 samples (4.8%) and the AmpC phenotype alone was detected in two of the 310 samples (0.6%) of chicken samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing showed that five of the 15 (33.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli carried blaCTX-M genes (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-55 or CTX-M-15), which confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin antimicrobials. One E. coli isolate demonstrated resistance to colistin and was found to possess the mcr-1 gene. The five Salmonella-positive samples recovered from this study, and 20 similar Salmonella-positive samples from a previous UKHSA (2020/2021) study (which had been stored frozen), were subjected to the cooking procedures described on the sample product packaging for fan assisted ovens. No Salmonella were detected in any of these 25 samples after cooking. The current survey provides evidence of the presence of Salmonella in frozen, breaded and battered chicken products in the UK food chain, although at a considerably lower incidence than reported in an earlier (2020/2021) study carried out by PHE/UKHSA as part of an outbreak investigation where Salmonella prevalence was found to be 8.8%. The current survey also provides data on the prevalence of specified AMR bacteria found in the tested chicken products on retail sale in the UK. It will contribute to monitoring trends in AMR prevalence over time within the UK, support comparisons with data from other countries, and provide a baseline against which to monitor the impact of future interventions. While AMR activity was observed in some of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. examined in this study, the risk of acquiring AMR bacteria from consumption of these processed chicken products is low if the products are cooked thoroughly and handled hygienically.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.

Full text
Abstract:
The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age.  Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v  Landscapes and regions:  Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change?  Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial.  Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth.  Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs.  Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully.  Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people.  The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Stolen generation' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography