Journal articles: 'Stomoxes'

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Yeruham, I., and Y. Braverman. "Lésions de la peau chez le chien, le cheval et le veau causées par les stomoxes Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera : Muscidae)." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 48, no. 4 (1995): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9439.

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Des lésions spécifiques de la peau causées par Stomoxys calcitrans sur des sites de prédilection sont décrites sur des espèces différentes d'animaux (chiens, chevaux et veaux) consécutivement à des piqûres par des stomoxes, Une dermatite nécrotique est observée chez 32 chiens de races diverses, sur la pointe des oreilles. Une dermatite exsudative est constatée sur les pattes de 45 chevaux adultes et une dermatite est diagnostiquée sur les zones des "tourbillons de poils" sur le dos de 18 veaux.

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Doutoum, Abdesalam Adoum, Arnaud Delafosse, P. Elsen, and S. Amsler Delafosse. "Vecteurs potentiels de Trypanosoma evansi chez le dromadaire au Tchad oriental." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 55, no. 1 (2002): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9841.

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Le Tchad oriental est une région d’élevage du dromadaire. La trypanosomose à Trypanosoma evansi (ou surra), maladie transmise mécaniquement par divers insectes hématophages, y est répandue et touche en priorité les cheptels transhumants. Une enquête entomologique a été réalisée dans sept sites représentatifs afin de préciser l’épidémiologie de la maladie dans cette zone. Quatre sites (Koukou Angarana et Djogori au Sud, Oum Chalouba et ouaddi Fira au Nord) ont été associés à une forte prévalence de la maladie et les trois autres (Abdi au Sud, Am sak et ouaddi Fama au Nord) à une faible prévalence. L’enquête s’est basée sur l’utilisation de 15 pièges biconiques Challier- Laveissière et de cinq pièges Nzi avec des relevés à 24 et 48 h. Trois séries de piégeages ont été effectuées afin de tenir compte des variations saisonnières. Divers facteurs pouvant influer sur les captures ont été relevés et inclus dans une analyse statistique multivariée. Au total, 1 272 stomoxes, 945 tabanidés et 226 hippobosques ont été capturés. Chez les tabanidés, l’espèce dominante a été Atylotus agrestis ; les autres espèces ont été Tabanus gratus, T. taeniola et T. biguttatus. Les trois principales espèces de stomoxes identifiées ont été Stomoxys calcitrans, S. sitiens et S. niger. La majorité des hippobosques identifiés ont appartenu à l’espèce Hippobosca camelina. Les principaux facteurs qui expliquaient la variabilité des captures étaient la nature du piège, la saison et la latitude. Le piège Nzi a été plus efficace pour la capture des tabanidés et des stomoxes. La période de capture la plus favorable a été le début de la saison sèche (novembre à janvier) pour Atylotus agrestis, les stomoxes et les hippobosques. Tabanus gratus a été surtout capturé en fin de saison sèche (février à mai) et en saison des pluies (juin à octobre) et Tabanus taeniola en saison des pluies. Les hippobosques ont été plus fréquemment capturés au nord de la zone étudiée et T. gratus et T. taeniola au sud. Une corrélation entre le nombre d’insectes piqueurs capturés en saison sèche et la prévalence du surra a été relevée avec les deux types de piège. La forte prévalence du surra dans les cheptels transhumants s’expliquerait par un effet cumulatif, les animaux étant en contact avec le pic d’Atylotus agrestis au Nord à la fin de la saison des pluies et au début de saison sèche et avec une entomofaune piqueuse se maintenant dans les zones d’accueil du Sud (novembre à juin). Chez les petits transhumants et les semi-sédentaires du Nord, l’impact du surra tiendrait à la nature de la zone fréquentée, celle-ci autorisant ou non le maintien de populations d’insectes hématophages en saison sèche.

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Zinga Koumba, R. C., J. Bouyer, J. F. Mavoungou, et al. "Evaluation de la diversité des diptères hématophages dans une clairière marécageuse du Gabon à l'aide des pièges Vavoua et Nzi." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 66, no. 3 (2013): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10136.

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L’objectif de ce travail a été d’étudier la diversité des insectes hématophages présents dans les clairières forestières marécageuses (baï) du Gabon à l’aide de deux types de pièges : le Vavoua et le Nzi. Vingt pièges (10 de chaque type) ont été placés à l’intérieur et autour du baï de Momba pendant sept jours consécutifs durant le mois de juin 2012. Dans chacun de ces deux biotopes, cinq paires de pièges (un Vavoua et un Nzi espacés l’un de l’autre de 30 m environ) ont été posés à intervalles de 250–400 m. Au total, 662 glossines, 42 tabanides et 20 stomoxes ont été collectés. Le piège Vavoua a capturé de nombreux stomoxes et glossines, alors que le piège Nzi a capturé davantage de tabanides. Compte tenu de la faible durée de capture, une prolongation du suivi de ces insectes a été par la suite effectuée pour préciser leur importance relative et leur dynamique saisonnière.

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Acapovi, Geneviève L., Y. Yao, E. N'Goran, Mamadou Lamine Dia, and Marc Desquesnes. "Abondance relative des tabanidés dans la région des savanes de Côte d'Ivoire." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 54, no. 2 (2001): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9788.

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L'existence, l'abondance, la dynamique saisonnière, les préférences écologiques et la diversité des espèces de tabanidés ont été évaluées par des captures d'insectes à l'aide de pièges Nzi. L'étude a été menée durant quatre saisons dans quatre types de sites (savane, forêt, galerie et parc) et dans quatre localités des deux principaux départements d'élevage du nord et du nordouest de la Côte d'Ivoire, Odienné et Korhogo. Seize espèces de tabanidés appartenant à quatre genres ont été identifiées pour un total de 3 104 spécimens capturés. Les espèces numériquement les plus abondantes ont été Tabanus taeniola Palisot de Beauvois, 1807 (avec 26,4 p. 100 des captures), T. par Walker, 1854 (15,6 p. 100), T. laverani Surcouf, 1907 (14,9 p. 100) et Chrysops distinctipennis Austen, 1906 (12,3 p. 100). Les espèces les moins abondantes ont été Atylotus albipalpus Walker, 1850 (6,9 p. 100), Chrysops longicornis Macquart, 1838 (6,9 p. 100), T. brumpti Surcouf, 1907 (4,8 p. 100), T. gratus Loew, 1858 (3,7 p. 100), At. agrestis Wiedemann, 1828 (2,5 p. 100), At. fuscipes Ricardo, 1908 (1,8 p. 100), Ancala necopina Austen, 1912 (1,5 p. 100), T. biguttatus Wiedemann, 1830 (1,4 p. 100), T. ricardea Surcouf, 1906 (0,5 p. 100), T. boueti Surcouf, 1907 (0,4 p. 100), T. pluto Walker, 1854 (0,3 p. 100) et An. fasciata Fabricius, 1775 (0,2 p. 100). Le maximum de captures de tabanidés a été observé en galerie et le minimum en forêt. Les captures ont été plus importantes dans l'Odienné que dans le Korhogo. Le pic d'abondance s'est situé en mars, à la saison sèche chaude, sauf dans la localité de Korondougou, où le maximum a été observé en juin (saison des pluies). D'autre part, 2 471 stomoxes ont été capturés, dont 70,7 p. 100 de Stomoxys niger Macquart, 1851 et 29,3 p. 100 de S. calcitrans Linnaeus, 1758. Les stomoxes, avec seulement deux espèces, ont représenté près de 45 p. 100 des insectes piqueurs capturés et devront être pris en considération dans l'évaluation de l'impact des insectes piqueurs sur le bétail.

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Mavoungou, J. F., P. Jay-robert, J. Gilles, A. Atsame Edda, and G. Duvallet. "Écologie des stomoxes (Diptera : Muscidae) au Gabon. I – Premier inventaire dans différentes zones écologiques." Parasite 15, no. 1 (2008): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2008151027.

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Zinga Koumba, CR, OA Mbang Nguema, JF Mavoungou, and P. Obame Ondo Kutomy. "Ecodistribution des tabanidés, glossines et stomoxes le long d’un transect forêt primaire –village au Gabon." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2014): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v8i1.

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Zinga Koumba, CR, OA Mbang Nguema, JF Mavoungou, and P. Obame Ondo Kutomy. "Ecodistribution des tabanidés, glossines et stomoxes le long d’un transect forêt primaire –village au Gabon." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2014): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v8i1.16.

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Mavoungou, J. F., G. Simo, J. Gilles, E. De Stordeur, and G. Duvallet. "Écologie des stomoxes (Diptera : Muscidae) au Gabon. II. Origine des repas de sang et conséquences épidémiologiques." Parasite 15, no. 4 (2008): 611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2008154611.

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Desquesnes, Marc, Philippe Holzmuller, De-Hua Lai, Alan Dargantes, Zhao-Rong Lun, and Sathaporn Jittaplapong. "Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/194176.

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Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from Africa. It is thought to derive fromTrypanosoma bruceiby deletion of the maxicircle kinetoplastic DNA (genetic material required for cyclical development in tsetse flies). It is mostly mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, initially to camels, in sub-Saharan area. The disease spread from North Africa towards the Middle East, Turkey, India, up to 53° North in Russia, across all South-East Asia, down to Indonesia and the Philippines, and it was also introduced by the conquistadores into Latin America. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including camelids, equines, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and other carnivores, deer, gazelles, and elephants. It found a new large range of wild and domestic hosts in Latin America, including reservoirs (capybaras) and biological vectors (vampire bats). Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs (anaemia, loss of weight, abortion, and death), which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.

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Mallaye, Peka, L. Kohagne Tongué, N. Ndeledje, F. J. Louis, and H. Mahamat Hassane. "Transmission concomitante de trypanosomose humaine et animale : le foyer de Mandoul au Tchad." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, no. 1 (2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10154.

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La trypanosomose est une maladie qui affecte à la fois l’homme et les animaux. Elle est provoquée par Trypanosoma sp. et cycliquement transmise par un vecteur, la glossine. Bien que cette maladie soit essentiellement endémique dans l’aire de distribution de son vecteur, les zones endémiques qui présentent une transmission active des deux types de la maladie ont rarement été décrites. Dans la présente étude, des enquêtes épidémiologique et entomologique ont été menées, puis les échantillons obtenus ont été analysés par la technique d’amplification en chaîne par polymérase (PCR). Au total, 13 410 personnes ont été examinées et 132 cas diagnostiqués. L’examen de 144 bovins par PCR a révélé l’infection de 33 d’entre eux, soit par Trypanosoma brucei (39 p. 100 des infections), soit par T. vivax (55 p. 100 des infections), soit par une coïnfection (deux animaux). Trois familles d’insectes (Glossinidae, Stomoxyinae et Tabanidae) ont été capturées à des densités variables. Glossina fuscipes fuscipes a été capturée uniquement dans la partie sud du foyer et la plus forte densité apparente (DAP = 0,56 glossine/piège/jour) a été observée dans la forêt galerie bordant les villages où a été diagnostiqué le plus grand nombre de malades. Les Tabanidae ont été présentes dans toutes les zones prospectées mais la plus forte densité (DAP = 15,55 tabanidés/piège/jour) a été observée dans la partie nord du foyer. Les stomoxes ont été absents de la zone prospectée la plus éloignée de la rivière. L’identification des trypanosomes chez l’homme et le bétail, et la présence du vecteur cyclique et des vecteurs mécaniques potentiels ont confirmé l’endémie de trypanosomose animale et humaine dans ce foyer. Seule une stratégie globale d’élimination permettrait de la contrôler durablement.

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Issimov, Arman, Lespek Kutumbetov, Mukhit B. Orynbayev, et al. "Mechanical Transmission of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus by Stomoxys spp. (Stomoxys calsitrans, Stomoxys sitiens, Stomoxys indica), Diptera: Muscidae." Animals 10, no. 3 (2020): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030477.

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Samples collected for PCR from recipient animals tested positive in 5 out of 6 cases, while the virus was isolated from 4 of 6 animals. The clinical signs exhibited by recipient animals were mostly moderate in nature with only one severe case. To our knowledge, this is the first time that transmission of LSDV by three Stomoxys species has been demonstrated, and their role as mechanical vectors of LSDV is indicated.

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Holloway, M. T. P., and R. J. Phelps. "The responses of stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) to traps and artificial host odours in the field." Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, no. 1 (1991): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300053232.

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AbstractIn Zimbabwe, cotton cloth dyed phthalogen blue attracted three times more Stomoxys spp. than Alsynite fibreglass panels. A single F3 trap caught nearly six times as many Stomoxys spp. as four Williams traps. The host odour component l-octen-3-ol (released at 0.6 mg/h) increased catches of Stomoxys spp. in an F3 trap (P < 0.05), but 4-methylphenol (0.7 mg/h) and 3-n-propylphenol (0.15 mg/h) did not (P > 0.05). Insecticide-impregnated targets did not appear to control a population of Stomoxys spp. attacking cattle. However, it is concluded that there is scope for the improvement of trapping and control systems for use against Stomoxys spp.

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Issimov, Arman, David B. Taylor, Malik Shalmenov, et al. "Retention of lumpy skin disease virus in Stomoxys spp (Stomoxys calcitrans, Stomoxys sitiens, Stomoxys indica) following intrathoracic inoculation, Diptera: Muscidae." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0238210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238210.

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle in Kazakhstan and the means of transmission remains uncertain. In the current study, retention of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) by three Stomoxys species following intrathoracic inoculation was demonstrated under laboratory conditions. A virulent LSDV strain was injected into the thorax of flies to bypass the midgut barrier. The fate of the pathogen in the hemolymph of the flies was examined using PCR and virus isolation tests. LSDV was isolated from all three Stomoxys species up to 24h post inoculation while virus DNA was detectable up to 7d post inoculation.

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Afriyanda, Wendi, Upik Kesumawati Hadi, and Susi Soviana. "Ragam Jenis dan Aktivitas Mengisap Darah Lalat Stomoxys spp di Peternakan Sapi Perah di Kabupaten Bogor." Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana 7, no. 1 (2019): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avi.7.1.37-45.

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Keberadaan Stomoxys spp (lalat kandang) pada peternakan sapi perah memiliki dampak negatif seperti penurunan produktivitas susu dan bobot badan, dan sebagai vektor penularan patogen penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis dan aktivitas mengisap darah lalat kandang. Lalat dikoleksi dengan menggunakan vavoa trap yang ditempatkan di luar peternakan sapi perah dan juga dilakukan pengamatan aktivitas mengisap darah lalat pada tubuh sapi selama 12 jam (06.00-18.00). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada empat spesies dari genus Stomoxys, yaitu, Stomoxys calcitrans (90.5%), S. sitiens (5,05%), S. indicus (3,57%), dan S. bengalensis (0,88%). Aktivitas mengisap darah lalat Stomoxys spp sangat berfluktuasi di setiap jam pengamatan, mulai pukul 06.00-07.00 WIB, kemudian meningkat pada setiap jam, dan puncak aktivitas mengisap darah pada pukul 15.00-16.00 WIB. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson antara curah hujan dan aktivitas mengisap darah Stomoxys spp menunjukkan korelasi yang tinggi, tetapi tidak signifikan (R-0,922 dan nilai p=0,253>0,05) karena waktu penelitian tidak lama.

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OĞUZ, Bekir, Nalan ÖZDAL, and Serdar DEĞER. "Stomoxys (Diptera, Muscidae) and Transmission of Some Important Parasitic Diseases by Stable flies." Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 9, no. 2 (2016): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/kvj.20952.

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GILLES, J., J. F. DAVID, G. DUVALLET, S. DE LA ROCQUE, and E. TILLARD. "Efficiency of traps for Stomoxys calcitrans and Stomoxys niger niger on Reunion Island." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 21, no. 1 (2007): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2006.00658.x.

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Mis-Avila, Pedro C., Rahuel J. Chan-Chable, Roger Braga-González, and Ángel S. Gómez-Rivera. "Primer registro de Stomoxys calcitrans (Linneo) (Diptera: Muscidae) en Quintana Roo, México." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 45, no. 3 (2019): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.45.3.19.05.

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de Castro, Bruno Gomes, Miliane Moreira Soares de Souza, Adriana Hamond Regua-Mangia, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 2 (2013): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000200052.

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This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained,E. coli was identified in 19.5% of the stable flies. Shiga toxin genes were detected in 13% of the E. coli isolated, most frequently from the surface, followed by abdominal digestive tract and mouth apparatus of insects, respectively. This is the first study to detect presence of STEC in Stomoxys calcitrans in Brazil; it has also revealed the potential role of stable flies as carriers of pathogenic bacterial agents.

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Nieschulz, Otto. "Über die Vorzugstemperatur von Stomoxys calcitrans." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 21, no. 2 (2009): 224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1935.tb00980.x.

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Dominghetti, Taciany Ferreira de Souza, Antonio Thadeu Medeiros de Barros, Cleber Oliveira Soares, and Paulo Henrique Duarte Cançado. "Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) outbreaks: current situation and future outlook with emphasis on Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 24, no. 4 (2015): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612015079.

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Abstract The stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) has historically been a pest of dairy cattle and feedlots due to the availability of decaying plant matter mixed with animal excrements in such production systems. In the last few decades, stable fly outbreaks have also been reported in pasture-raised beef cattle, usually associated with wastes accumulated from animal feeding during winter, the introduction of large-scale crop operations near cattle ranches, and/or the inadvertent use of organic fertilizers. Population explosions of Stomoxys flies may also have natural causes, affecting not only domestic and/or wild animals but also humans. This article compiles information on stable fly outbreaks in Brazil and abroad and discusses their causes and consequences.

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Lorn, Sokchan, Sakda Ratisupakorn, Gerard Duvallet, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap, and Krajana Tainchum. "Species Composition and Abundance of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Peninsular Thailand." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 1 (2019): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz128.

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Abstract Stable fly collections were conducted to study the species composition and daytime activity of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Peninsular Thailand (Songkhla, Trang, Pattalung, Nakon Si Thammarat, and Satun provinces). Vavoua traps were used for fly collections in wet and dry seasons each year. Four Stomoxys species were found, S. calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) being the most common with 2,512 specimens (87.43% of captures), followed by S. indicus (Picard) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 306 specimens (10.65%), S. sitiens (Rondani) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 44 specimens (1.53%), and S. uruma (Shinonaga and Kano) (Diptera: Muscidae) with 11 specimens (0.39%). Subsequently, Songkhla Province was further selected to be a potential collection site to conduct a 1-yr abundance study, due to mixed crop-livestock farming in one place. Stomoxys calcitrans was predominant from 0800 to 1000 h with 4,921 specimens (93.6%) while S. indicus with 317 specimens (6%) and S. sitiens with 19 specimens (0.4%) were numerically dominant from 0600 to 0800 and 1600 to 1800 h. A proportion of male and female of each species was also established. This overall finding could be used as an ideal for nationwide species distribution status for the guidance of appropriate fly control. This information can lighten the way for the future control measures program activity of stable flies in Thailand.

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Castro, Bruno Gomes de, Miliane Moreira Soares de Souza, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Isolamento de espécies enterobacterianas em Stomoxys calcitrans." Ciência Rural 38, no. 9 (2008): 2654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782008000900043.

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Castro, B. G., M. M. S. Souza, A. H. Régua-Mangia, and A. J. Bittencourt. "Enterobacterial Microbiota on Stomoxys calcitrans External Surface." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 57, no. 1-2 (2010): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01127.x.

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Zumpt, F. "Über einige afrikanische und orientalische Stomoxys-Arten." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 27, no. 1 (2009): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1940.tb00489.x.

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Chen, A. C., H. R. Kim, R. T. Mayer, and J. O. Norman. "Vitellogenesis in the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 88, no. 3 (1987): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(87)90261-6.

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Lendzele, Sevidzem S., Mavoungou J. François, Zinga-Koumba C. Roland, Koumba A. Armel, and Gérard Duvallet. "Factors Influencing Seasonal and Daily Dynamics of the Genus Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762 (Diptera: Muscidae), in the Adamawa Plateau, Cameroon." International Journal of Zoology 2019 (September 2, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3636943.

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The rangelands of the Vina Division on the Adamawa Plateau are densely infested with Stomoxyinae, but little is known about their species composition and ecology. A trap-transect survey was carried out in three villages: Galim, Mbidjoro, and Velambai, using Nzi (n = 3), Vavoua (n = 3), and Biconical (n = 3) traps, all baited with octenol. Three traps of each trap type were set in each of the study villages, and collections were carried out daily. In total, 3,762 Stomoxys spp. were collected from October 2016 to June 2017 and identified using standard keys into five species: Stomoxys niger niger, S. calcitrans, S. niger bilineatus, S. omega, and S. xanthomelas. Galim recorded the highest apparent density of stomoxyines (30 stomoxyines/trap/day) with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The Vavoua trap was an ideal tool for Stomoxyinae collection. Stomoxyines abundantly occurred at the end of the dry season (March 2017) and beginning of the rainy season (May 2017). The monthly rainfall positively influenced monthly ADTs of Stomoxyinae. Their diurnal biting activity was bimodal in the rainy season and unimodal in the dry season. The daily activity peak was between 14 h and 16 h with a mean temperature of 31°C, a mean wind speed of 1.5 m/s, and a mean humidity of 50%. The daily trap catch was positively influenced by temperature and wind speed but negatively influenced by rainfall and air humidity. Weather variables influenced Stomoxys spp. monthly and daily ADTs.

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Couri, Márcia Souto. "Quitinized structures of the spermatheca of five Muscidae species (Insecta, Diptera)." Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 21, no. 2 (2004): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81752004000200017.

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The morphology of the quitinized structures related to the spermatheca of five Muscidae species is described and illustrated: Atherigona orientalis Schiner, 1868; Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus, 1758); Muscina stabulans (Fallén, 1817); Ophyra solitaria Albuquerque, 1958 and Hydrotaea nicholsoni Curran, 1939.

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Djenaan, Faris, G. V. J. Assa, Z. Poli, and A. Lomboan. "JENIS DAN POPULASI LALAT PADA TERNAK SAPI DI DESA TOLOK, KECAMATAN TOMPASO, KABUPATEN MINAHASA." ZOOTEC 39, no. 1 (2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.22130.

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TYPES AND POPULATION OF FLY ON BEEF CATTLE AROUND TOLOK VILLAGE AT TOMPASO DISTRICT OF MINAHASA REGENCY. The Study was conducted to evaluate types and population of fly on beef cattle around Tolok village at Tompaso district of Minahasa regency. Observation was applied during a month involving sixteen beef cattle. Flies were cached using insect net one time on every two weeks. Collections of flies were conducted three times and types of fly were also identified including their population. Results of observation showed that there were three types fly on beef cattle including Haematobia exigua, Stomoxys Calcitrans and Musca domestica. The population of these flies were Haematobia exigua of 94.43 individuals, Stomoxys Calcitrans of 10.49 individuals and Musca domestica of 7.74 individuals. The dominant fly during collection at Tolok village was type of Haematobia exigua. Key words: Fly population, dominating fly type, beef cattle.

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Castro, Bruno G. de, Miliane M. S. de Souza, and Avelino J. Bittencourt. "Aerobic bacterial microbiota in stomoxys calcitrans: preliminary studies in Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 16, no. 4 (2007): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612007000400003.

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The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, has a great importance in medical and veterinary health due to its feeding and reproductive habits, which can disseminate some pathogenic agents among hosts even at long distances. This study aimed to describe, for the first time in Brazil, the bacterial microbiota in segments of the stable fly. Bacterial species were isolated from three different segments (cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract) of the stable fly. Twenty dairy farms were visited in four municipalities: Barra Mansa, Quatis, Resende and Rio Claro in the State of Rio de Janeiro in order to collect 20 flies in each site. Dissection of the flies and procedures of isolation and identification of bacterial species were performed. A total of 161 colonies of 33 distinct species were isolated, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. intermedius. Stomoxys calcitrans may harbor bacterial agents on their cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract and these bacteria may be pathogenic to their hosts.

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COURI, MARCIA S., ADRIAN C. PONT, and CHRISTOPHE DAUGERON. "The Muscidae (Diptera) of Vanuatu." Zootaxa 2556, no. 1 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2556.1.1.

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The Muscidae of Vanuatu are reviewed. All the genera and recorded species are diagnosed and an identification key is given. The work was carried out in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris, France), where material belonging to that museum and also a large collection from the Bishop Museum (Honolulu, USA) were studied. A total of 35 species, 4 of them endemic, were recognized, including two species newly described, Dichaetomyia univittata, sp. nov. and Parvisquama vanuatuensis, sp. nov. The following genera are recorded for the first time: Cephalispa Malloch, Coenosia Meigen, Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, Lispocephala Pokorny, Musca Linnaeus and Stomoxys Geoffroy. The following species are recorded for the first time: Atherigona punctata Karl, Cephalispa commoni (Paramonov), Coenosia pumilio Stein, Helina flavoextrema Couri, Pont & Daugeron, Limnophora longiantennata Couri, Pont & Daugeron (male described for the first time), Lispe nicobarensis Schiner, Lispocephala pectinata (Stein), Musca domestica Linnaeus, Musca ventrosa Wiedemann, Musca vetustissima Walker and Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus). A brief discussion on the composition of the fauna is also presented.

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Mladenovikj, Dragoslav, and Slobodan Ristovski. "Z-plastika gydant ženklią kolostomos stenozę." Lietuvos chirurgija 16, no. 1 (2017): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2017.1.10489.

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Stomos susiaurėjimas, arba stenozė, yra vėlyva kolostomos komplikacija ir ji pasitaiko 1–13 % atvejų. Ženklią stomos stenozę reikia koreguoti chirurginiu būdu, nes ji sukelia žarnų nepraeinamumą ir net gali baigtis skubia operacija ir sunkiomis komplikacijomis. Per 4 metų laikotarpį mes operavome 7 pacientus, turinčius didelę stomos stenozę, atlikdami Z-plastiką pagal Lyonso ir Symono techniką. Visos stomos buvo galinės ir po tiesiosios žarnos ekstirpacijos dėl vėžio. Komplikacijų nebuvo nei operacijos metu, nei pooperaciniu laikotarpiu, o stebint ligonius nuo 6 iki 38 mėnesių po operacijos stenozės recidyvų nekonstatuota. Z-plastika buvo paprasta ir saugi metodika galinės stomos stenozei koreguoti. Šiai operacijai nereikia atverti pilvo ertmės ir ji atliekama dienos stacionare, kartu padeda išvengti intraperitoninių komplikacijų.

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Moraes, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Sandy Sampaio Videira, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Antifungal activity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Stomoxys calcitranslarvae." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 23, no. 2 (2014): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612014037.

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The microbiota present in Stomoxys calcitrans larvae may assist their survival in contaminated environments through production of inhibitory substances. Bacteriological identification methods, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to detect a bacterium naturally present in mucus and maceratedS. calcitrans larvae. The antifungal activity was determined based on the results from disk diffusion tests on an artificial solid medium. The bacterium was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and presented antifungal activity againstBeauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates CG 138, CG 228 and ESALQ 986. This result suggests that the larval microbiota is a factor that can compromise the use of B. bassiana s.l. fungus for biological control of S. calcitrans larvae.

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Leite, Isabela Helena Ferreira, Éder Batista de Carvalho, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Influência do vinhoto no desenvolvimento de Stomoxys calcitrans." Ciência Rural 43, no. 2 (2013): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782013000200022.

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Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) é conhecida por sua dolorosa picada, que causa estresse nos animais, e pela transmissão de diversas enfermidades, além de atacar o homem. Devido aos surtos ocorridos em áreas sucroalcooleiras no Brasil, onde o vinhoto é utilizado na fertirrigação dos canaviais, elaborou-se o presente estudo, que teve como objetivo verificar se o vinhoto favorece a postura e o desenvolvimento dos estádios imaturos desse inseto. Para tanto, ovos foram depositados em dieta de crescimento larval de Bailey (controle) e também em dietas com substituição de 5, 10, 20 e 30% do seu volume de água por vinhoto. Parte dos resultados foi submetida à analise de variância e as médias foram comparadas entre si pelo teste de Tukey. A outra parte foi avaliada pelo teste do Qui Quadrado. A viabilidade dos ovos foi de 66%, 64%, 69%, 80% e 20% das larvas de 96,4%, 96,9%, 95,1%, 99,3% e 97,2% e das pupas de 90,2%, 94,7%, 93,5%, 91,5% e 86,1%, respectivamente, para os grupos controle, 5, 10, 20, e 30%. O peso das larvas de terceiro estágio foi de 16,4; 16,9; 19,7; 15,8 e 18mg, e das pupas foi 12,9; 13,9; 17,4; 14,5 e 21,9mg. O período larval foi de 10,38, 11,81, 10,00, 10,86, 9,5 dias, e o pupal foi de 6,57; 6,19; 7,05; 7,00 e 6,00, respectivamente. A viabilidade dos estádios imaturos foi maior nas dietas com substituição de vinhoto. Algumas concentrações de vinhoto utilizadas nas dietas afetaram a biologia dos estádios imaturos de S. calcitrans.

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Chen, Andrew C., and Renée M. Wagner. "Hemolymph constituents of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 102, no. 1 (1992): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(92)90024-k.

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35

Tecnológicos, Alcances. "Portada." Alcances Tecnológicos 11, no. 1 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.35486/at.v11i1.22.

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ARTÍCULOSBiología y cría de la mosca del establo Stomoxys calcitrans L.Cristina Vargas-Chacón, Arturo Solórzano Arroyo.........................................................................5-19Híbridos experimentales de maíz normal y QPM en regiones maiceras de Costa RicaNevio Bonilla Morales .....................................................................................................................21-32Inducción de rizogénesis y crecimiento foliar en estacas de nacedero (Trichanthera gigantea)Mary García Mora, José Jiménez Castro, Andrés Alpízar Naranjo,Esteban Jiménez Alfaro, Laura Chaverri Esquivel, María Isabel Camacho Cascante..............33-40Hongos nematófagos en el combate de nematodos fitoparásitos asociados al cultivo de lechugaRicardo Piedra Naranjo, Cristina Vargas Chacón.........................................................................41-48NOTAS TÉCNICASVariedades de arroz adaptadas a los sistemas de secano en laderasCarlos Cordero Morales..................................................................................................................49-57Captura de parasitoides de Stomoxys calcitrans en pupas de mosca doméstica en Costa RicaLigia Rodríguez Rojas .....................................................................................................................59-66COMUNICACIÓN CORTAPotencial de produción del pichichio (Solanum mammosum L.) en el caribe de Costa RicaPablo Acuña Chinchilla D.E.P., Jorge Garro Alfaro ......................................................................67-70 ANÁLISIS Y COMENTARIOEmisión de gases de efecto invernadero y absorción de carbono en fincas ganaderasSergio Abarca Monge......................................................................................................................71-76NORMATIVA PARA LA PUBLICACIÓN DE ARTÍCULOS EN LA REVISTA ALCANCESTECNOLÓGICOS .............................................................................................................................77-85REVISORES TÉCNICOS .......................................................................................................................87

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36

Zapata Salas, Richard, Edison Alberto Cardona Zuluaga, Julián Reyes Vélez, et al. "Tripanosomiasis bovina en ganadería lechera de trópico alto: primer informe de Haematobia irritans como principal vector de T. vivax y T. evansi en Colombia." Revista de Medicina Veterinaria, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/mv.4048.

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La tripanosomiasis bovina es una enfermedad hemoparasitaria transmitida en Latinoamérica principalmente por moscas picadoras de la familia Tabanidae. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la infección por Trypanosoma vivax y Trypanosoma evansi en ganadería bovina especializada en producción de leche en una hacienda y sus potenciales vectores. Se realizó un estudio parasitológico y entomológico directo por técnicas de microscopia y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) con dos marcadores moleculares para diferenciar especies de Trypanosoma en muestras de sangre de bovinos y moscas. La frecuencia de infección por Trypanosoma vivax y Trypanosoma evansi en bovinos fue de 3,6 y 0 %, respectivamente. La caracterización de vectores muestra a Haematobia irritans como la mosca más frecuente en la zona de estudio (97,1 %), seguida de Stomoxys calcitrans (2,8 %). No se identificaron tabánidos. Se encontró T. vivax y T. evansi en probóscide y toráx-abdomen de las moscas picadoras Haematobia irritans y Stomoxys calcitrans, lo que representa un comportamiento epizoótico atípico al que sucede en países de Suramérica. Por su alta densidad poblacional, se sugiere la mosca Haematobia irritans como el principal potencial vector.

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37

Showler, Allan T., and Weste L. A. Osbrink. "Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), Dispersal and Governing Factors." International Journal of Insect Science 7 (January 2015): IJIS.S21647. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s21647.

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Although the movement of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), has been studied, its extent and significance has been uncertain. On a local scale (<13 km), fly movement occurs between host animals and resting sites to feed and mate, mainly at on-farm locations where herbivorous livestock regularly congregate. Small numbers emigrate from livestock congregation sites in search of other hosts and oviposition substrate, mostly within <1.6 km. Such local movement occurs by flight ∼90 cm above ground, or with moving livestock. While stable flies are active year-round in warm latitudes, cold winters in temperate areas result in substantial population and activity declines, limiting movement of any sort to warmer seasons. Long-distance dispersal (>13 km) is mainly wind-driven by weather fronts that carry stable flies from inland farm areas for up to 225 km to beaches of northwestern Florida and Lake Superior. Stable flies can reproduce for a short time each year in washed-up sea grass, but the beaches are not conducive to establishment. Such movement is passive and does not appear to be advantageous to stable fly's survival. On a regional scale, stable flies exhibit little genetic differentiation, and on the global scale, while there might be more than one “lineage”, the species is nevertheless considered to be panmictic. Population expansion across much of the globe likely occurred from the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene in association with the spread of domesticated nomad livestock and particularly with more sedentary, penned livestock.

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38

SCHOFIELD, STEVEN, and JOHN BRADY. "Circadian activity pattern in the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans." Physiological Entomology 21, no. 2 (1996): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1996.tb00849.x.

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39

Levchenko, M. A., and E. A. Silivanova. "Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae): Value for Veterinary Medicine. Review." Russian Journal of Parasitology 14, no. 3 (2020): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2020-14-3-40-52.

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The purpose of the research is analysis and compilation of literature data on involvement of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans in the spread of livestock animal pathogens. Materials and methods. We have analyzed literature data from foreign sources over the past 30 years, which are indexed in the PubMed, Crossref, Web of Science and Scopus databases, about S. calcitrans as a potential vector of livestock animal pathogens. Results and discussion. A literature review is presented on assessment of economic impact by the stable fly S. calcitrans on animal husbandry, as well as possible involvement of the S. calcitrans imago in the transmission of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths which are animal pathogens.

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40

O'Brochta, D. A., Peter W. Atkinson, and Michael J. Lehane. "Transformation of Stomoxys calcitrans with a Hermes gene vector." Insect Molecular Biology 9, no. 5 (2000): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2583.2000.00217.x.

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41

Hammack, L., and L. S. Hesler. "Phenylpropanoids as Attractants for Adult Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 33, no. 5 (1996): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/33.5.859.

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42

Skovgård, H., and J. B. Jespersen. "Activity and relative abundance of hymenopterous parasitoids that attack puparia of Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) on confined pig and cattle farms in Denmark." Bulletin of Entomological Research 89, no. 3 (1999): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485399000383.

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AbstractA survey was conducted on 84 pig and cattle farms in Denmark between August and October 1996 and 1997. The aim was to describe the activity and relative abundance of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae and Ichneumonidae) that attack puparia of Musca domestica Linnaeus and Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus). In total, seven pteromalid species were recovered: Spalangia cameroni Perkins, S. nigripes Curtis, S. subpunctata Förster, Muscidifurax raptorGirault & Sanders, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani), Urolepis rufipes(Ashmead) and Nasonia vitripennis (Walker), an ichneumonid Phygadeuon fumatorGravenhorst, a diapriid Trichopria sp., and a staphylinid Aleocharasp. This is the first time that U. rufipes has been recorded in Europe. Spalangia cameroni and M. raptor were the most frequently recorded species in all regions of the country, and accounted for the main parasitism of Musca domesticaand Stomoxys calcitrans puparia. The overall rate of parasitism per farm was low: 12.9% of the total number of fly puparia collected. Direct ordination, used to assess the habitat distribution of the parasitoids, showed that Muscidifurax raptor mainly seeks fly puparia in outdoor manure heaps and especially in manure from pigs rather than from cattle, whereas Spalangia cameroni mainly seeks fly puparia indoors, irrespective of livestock.

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Schofield, S. "Responses to electrified targets and daily activity of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Zimbabwe." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 6 (1998): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300054298.

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AbstractResponses of Stomoxys spp. to electrified targets (1 × 1 m) that differed in pattern and colour were investigated over a three month period at Rekomitjie Research Station, Zimbabwe. In the first experiment, a target baited with a blue and black cloth insert caught more flies (315 ± 117) than a target baited with blue cloth insert (202 ± 69). Next, a blue-cloth baited target caught more flies (491 ± 150) than a black-cloth baited target (164 ± 69) and a target containing a cloth with a black diamond on a blue background caught more flies (997 ± 326) than a target containing a cloth with a black square on a blue background (680 ± 125). Finally, a target fitted with a cloth consisting of a vertically oriented black stripe on a blue background caught almost three times as many flies (1366 ± 356) as a target fitted with a cloth consisting of a horizontally oriented black stripe on a blue background (545 ± 150). Hourly collections of Stomoxys spp. from a blue and black target, baited with and without carbon dioxide, indicated that daily activity was bimodal, with a small morning peak and a large late afternoon peak.

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44

Huang, Y., and H. Sasaki. "Stomoxyn biting flies in southern Taiwan." Medical Entomology and Zoology 56, Supplement (2005): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.73_3.

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Torr, S. J., T. N. C. Mangwiro, and D. R. Hall. "The effects of host physiology on the attraction of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) and Stomoxys (Diptera: Muscidae) to cattle." Bulletin of Entomological Research 96, no. 1 (2006): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2005404.

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AbstractIn Zimbabwe, studies were made of the numbers of tsetse (Glossina spp.) and stable flies (Stomoxys spp.) attracted to cattle of different nutritional status, age and sex. Host odours were analysed to determine the physiological basis of these differences and improved methods are described for measuring rates of production of kairomones. Seasonal fluctuations in host weight, related to changes in pasture quality, had no significant effect on attraction of tsetse or Stomoxys. However, both attraction to different individuals and carbon dioxide production by these individuals were strongly correlated with weight, suggesting a possible link. Attraction to the odour from different types of cattle decreased in the order ox > cow > heifer > calf, and oxen were twice as attractive as calves of less than 12 months old. Lactation did not alter the relative attractiveness of cows. Calves less than six months old produced lower levels of carbon dioxide, acetone, octenol and phenols than oxen, but for older calves and cows, levels of production of known kairomones and repellents were similar to those of an ox. Carbon dioxide produced by cattle varied according to time of day and the animal's weight; cattle weighing 500 kg produced carbon dioxide at a mean rate of 2.0 l min−1 in the morning and 2.8 l min−1 in the afternoon compared to respective rates of 1.1 and 1.9 l min−1 for cattle weighing 250 kg. Artificially adjusting the doses of carbon dioxide produced by individual cattle to make them equivalent did not remove significant differences in attractiveness for tsetse but did for Stomoxys. Increasing the dose of carbon dioxide from 1 to 4 l min−1 in a synthetic blend of identified kairomones simulating those produced by a single ox, increased attractiveness to tsetse but not to the level of an ox. The results suggest that the main sources of differences in the attractiveness of individual cattle are likely to be variation in the production of carbon dioxide and, for tsetse, other unidentified kairomone(s). The biological and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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Moraes, Ana Paula Rodrigues de, Cristiane Martins Cardoso de Salles, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 24, no. 3 (2015): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612015064.

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This study had the aims of evaluating the antimicrobial characteristics of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae against the fungal isolates CG138, CG228 and ESALQ986 of Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). S. calcitrans eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to these same isolates. Statistical analysis showed that the immature stages of S. calcitrans were not susceptible to the fungal isolates used, regardless of the exposure method. Diffusion test on solid culture medium reveled that macerated S. calcitrans larvae exposed to isolate CG138 reduced CG138 fungal development. The analysis of the chromatographic profiles indicated that the macerate or mucus of larvae of the control group and the groups exposed to the isolate CG138 presented different profiles. Reduced development of the isolate CG138 on the larvae cuticle was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy.

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Moraes, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Patogenicidade de Beauveria bassiana sobre estágios imaturos de Stomoxys calcitrans." Ciência Rural 40, no. 8 (2010): 1802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010000800021.

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Por ser um díptero hematófago, a mosca Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus, 1758) ocasiona grandes perdas na pecuária brasileira. Atualmente, pesquisas têm sido direcionadas para métodos de controle que reduzam a utilização de inseticidas químicos e que preservem o meio ambiente. Este estudo avaliou o potencial entomopatogênico dos isolados CG 138 e CG 228 de Beauveria bassiana sobre ovos, larvas e pupas de S. calcitrans em condições ambientais e o isolado ESALQ 986 de B. bassiana em ovos, nas mesmas condições. Para cada isolado fúngico, foram utilizadas as concentrações de 2x10(6), 2x10(7) e 2x10(8) conídios ml-1. Os resultados sugerem que os isolados CG 138, CG 228 e ESALQ 986 apresentaram efeito saprofítico, pois não afetaram significativamente o desenvolvimento dos estágios imaturos da mosca dos estábulos, comprometendo dessa forma sua utilização como agente entomopatogênico.

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Corrêa, Elaine C., Augusto Cesar A. Ribas, Jairo Campos, and Antonio Thadeu M. Barros. "Abundância de Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) em diferentes subprodutos canavieiros." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, no. 11 (2013): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013001100003.

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Um aumento na abundância de Stomoxys calcitrans tem sido observado em áreas de produção sucroalcooleira devido aos subprodutos orgânicos resultantes desta atividade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a abundância desta espécie em diferentes subprodutos da cana-de-açúcar. De janeiro a dezembro de 2011, a abundância de S. calcitrans foi monitorada em quatro subprodutos: bagaço, palha, torta de filtro (TF) e palha com vinhaça (PV), em uma usina sucroalcooleira no município de Angélica, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Mensalmente, 20 armadilhas de emergência foram distribuídas em cada substrato, mantidas ativas por quatro semanas. Durante todo o período de estudo, 4.049 espécimes de S. calcitrans foram coletados nos diferentes substratos, representando 9,22% do total de dípteros capturados nas armadilhas. Os quatro subprodutos amostrados apresentaram significativas diferenças em relação à abundância de S. calcitrans, sendo maior na TF (67,20%) e na PV (29,19%). Picos de abundância foram observados em junho (PV) e outubro (PV e TF). Maior produtividade de S. calcitrans foi observada na TF (55,8 moscas/mII) e na PV (24,2 moscas/mII), com produção média mensal de S. calcitrans na usina estimada em 37 mil e 24 milhões, respectivamente. A elevada capacidade de reprodução da S. calcitrans em subprodutos da usina explica as explosões populacionais desta espécie, ocorridas recentemente em fazendas pecuárias próximas a usinas sucroalcooleiras.

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Haspeslagh, M., L. Vlaminck, and A. Martens. "The possible role of Stomoxys calcitrans in equine sarcoid transmission." Veterinary Journal 231 (January 2018): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.11.009.

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WARNES, M. L., and L. H. FINLAYSON. "Effect of host behaviour on host preference in Stomoxys calcitrans." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 1, no. 1 (1987): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1987.tb00322.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stomoxes'

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