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Journal articles on the topic 'Stone – microscopy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Rao, Sudeep M., C. Jeffrey Brinker, and Timothy J. Ross. "Environmental microscopy in stone conservation." Scanning 18, no. 7 (1996): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sca.1996.4950180707.

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2

Kim, K. M. "Electron microscopic pathology of urinary stones." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (August 1987): 674–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100127797.

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Urolithiasis occurs commonly. With modern technology, stones can be easily removed. However, the major threat of urolithiasis is in its high recurrence rate. Many recurrences can be medically prevented. For medical prevention, proper knowledge of stone components is essential.Urinary stones have been analyzed mainly by x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and chemical analysis. Each method suffers from limitations in sensitivity and reliability. Primarily because of their inability to detect minor components of the stones, two or more methods are frequently combined. Recently it has become

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3

Spathis, Panayotis K., Maria Mavrommati, Eirini Gkrava, et al. "Characterization of Natural Stone from the Archaeological Site of Pella, Macedonia, Northern Greece." Heritage 4, no. 4 (2021): 4665–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040257.

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The goal of the study was to characterize the limestone that was used extensively in the ancient city of Pella (Macedonia, Greece), the birthplace of Alexander the Great. An on-site examination of the building material was carried out to record the types of damage and to select sampling areas. A variation in the nature of the stone and the degree of deterioration, even between the stones that comprise a specific monument structure, was observed, with water absorption and biological colonization being the main factors resulting in the deterioration of the stone. A comprehensive microanalysis an

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4

Hassan A.A. Al-Jumaily, Omar A.M. Mohammad, and Anwaar S.J. Al-Maadhidi. "The role of SEM and infrared spectroscopy techniques in identification of the mineralogy of kidney stones: case study from Fallujah City, Western Iraq." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 25, no. 4 (2020): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v25i4.270.

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The current study is concerned with the mineralogical aspects of kidney stones from urolithiasis patients of different ages and genders in Fallujah city hospital. The following techniques were implemented as follows; X - ray diffraction (XRD) used to recognize the mineral components of the studied kidney stones, Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) to discover the type of chemical compounds of the studied kidney stones, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) to determine the mineralogy and the various chemical components in the kidney stones. The results show that

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5

Zhang, Guang Na, Zhi Yue Xia, Jian Ming Ouyang, and Li Kuan. "Study on Nano- and Microcrystallites in Urines of Uric Acid Stone Patients." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1927.

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The presence of crystallites in urine is closely related to stones formation. In this article, the components, morphology of nano- and micro-crystallites in urines of 20 uric acid (UA) stone formers as well as their relationship with the formation of UAstones were comparatively studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The main constituent of urinary crystallites was uric acid. Their particle size distribution was highly uneven, ranging from several nanometers to several

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6

Gervasoni, Jacopo, Aniello Primiano, Pietro Manuel Ferraro, Andrea Urbani, Giovanni Gambaro, and Silvia Persichilli. "Improvement of Urinary Stones Analysis Combining Morphological Analysis and Infrared Spectroscopy." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4621256.

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Daudon et al. have developed a complex morphoconstitutional classification of renal stone in six different morphological types and several subtypes. According to this classification, a precise correspondence exists between causes of renal stones and subtypes with a great clinical relevance and can be considering a sort of shortcut for the metabolic diagnosis in renal stone patients. Now the diagnosis of causes of renal stones generally requires repeated biochemical investigations on urine and blood samples and usually remains presumptive. We analyzed 150 urinary stones both by stereoscopic mic

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7

OUYANG, JIAN-MING, MU-HUA WAN, and NA ZHOU. "STUDY OF NANOPARTICLES IN URINES BY TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY." International Journal of Nanoscience 05, no. 06 (2006): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x06005133.

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The number, size and distribution of nanoparticles in urines of healthy people and stone patients were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the number of nanoparticles in healthy urines are more than that in lithogenic urines. The size of most nanoparticles in healthy urines ranges from 100 to 350 nm. However, the size of nanoparticles in patient urines changes from 100 nm to 1000 nm and more. A dynamic model about the formation of urinary stones was established. From this model, the nanoparticles in normal urines are stable, yet those in patient urin

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8

Wentrup-Byrne, E., L. Rintoul, J. L. Smith, and P. M. Fredericks. "Comparison of Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques for the Characterization of Human Gallstones." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 7 (1995): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964813.

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A suite of human gallstones was investigated by vibrational spectroscopic techniques with a view to developing an effective characterization procedure. Using infrared microscopy, microspectroscopic mapping, infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), and FT-Raman spectroscopy, we have examined both the chemical composition and the microstructure of the different categories of human gallstones. We show how infrared microscopy can be used to determine the chemical identity of particular microstructural features of a stone. Infrared mapping produces functional group maps of the surface of a gallst

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Ciaramitaro, Veronica, Alberto Spinella, Francesco Armetta, et al. "A New Methodological Approach to Correlate Protective and Microscopic Properties by Soft X-ray Microscopy and Solid State NMR Spectroscopy: The Case of Cusa’s Stone." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (2021): 5767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135767.

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Hydrophobic treatment is one of the most important interventions usually carried out for the conservation of stone artefacts and monuments. The study here reported aims to answer a general question about how two polymers confer different protective performance. Two fluorinated-based polymer formulates applied on samples of Cusa’s stone confer a different level of water repellence and water vapour permeability. The observed protection action is here explained on the basis of chemico-physical interactions. The distribution of the polymer in the pore network was investigated using scanning electr

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10

Mudronja, Domagoj, Frederik Vanmeert, Stjepko Fazinic, Koen Janssens, Darko Tibljas, and Vladan Desnica. "Protection of Stone Monuments Using a Brushing Treatment with Ammonium Oxalate." Coatings 11, no. 4 (2021): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11040379.

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Stone monuments and buildings are susceptible to weathering. Carbonate-based stones are especially vulnerable in acidic environments, whereas magmatic acidic stones are more susceptible to chemical weathering in basic environments. To slow down surface corrosion of limestone and marble artworks/buildings, protective coatings which inhibit calcite dissolution have been proposed. In this work, samples from two stone types with different porosity were treated with ammonium oxalate (AmOx) to create a protective layer of calcium oxalate (CaOx) using the previously developed brushing method. Two dif

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11

Carmichael, Stephen W. "Microscopy Reveals That It’s Written in Stone!" Microscopy Today 23, no. 2 (2015): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929514001345.

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12

Karatasios, Ioannis, Anastasia Michalopoulou, Maria Amenta, and Vassilis Kilikoglou. "Modification of water transport properties of porous building stones caused by polymerization of silicon-based consolidation products." Pure and Applied Chemistry 89, no. 11 (2017): 1673–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-1104.

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AbstractThis work studies the polymerization process of four different commercially available silicon-based polymers and their consequent effect on surface tension and water transport properties of natural stones used in architectural monuments, essential for modeling and predicting the durability of natural stones against weathering action of aqueous solutions. The four products studied consisted of two ethyl-silicate based materials, an alkyl-alkoxy siloxane oligomer with hydrophobic agents and finally, a silane/siloxane emulsion. In all cases, the morphology of the amorphous material deposi

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Iordanidis, A., and J. Garcia-Guinea. "Analytical geochemistry in the service of medicine: An experimental study of urinary stones from Northern Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 2 (2017): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11118.

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Knowledge of the precise human biomineral composition may allow physicians to recommend an appropriate prophylactic therapy for the patient and thus prevent or delay the stone recurrence. The present study focuses on the application of complementary analytical techniques to the characterization of human urinary stones. Several gallbladder and renal stone samples were obtained from patients dwelling in areas of northern Greece. A comprehensive analytical study took place, employing the following, common in analytical geochemistry, techniques: Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) co

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14

Kishorkumar, Poriya. "Physical Analysis of Kidney Stones:Metabolic Basis and Physical Practice." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314098842.

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The kidneys play an important role in eliminating waste products from the body. Kidneys are a major source of morbidity and health care expenditure. They play an equally vital role in conservation of salt and water as the regulation of body's "internal environment". The past century has witnessed remarkable technological advances in the treatment and removal of Kidney Stones. Artificial Kidney and transplantation of Kidneys are today's reality, but advanced in prevention have been delayed by the incomplete understanding of what causes of stone formation. It is still unclear that how the Kidney

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15

Aguiar, Mariane Costalonga de, Maria Carolyna Sopeletti Fernandes, Maria Angelica Kramer Sant’Ana, Viviana Possamai Della Sagrillo, Alexandre dos Santos Anastácio, and Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli. "Eco-Efficient Artificial Stones Produced Using Quartzite Quarry Waste and Vegetable Resin." Sustainability 16, no. 1 (2023): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16010247.

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The ornamental stone industry plays a crucial role in the world economy, and thus the production process of ornamental stones generates a large volume of waste that is normally destined for landfills. Given the growing market import of artificial stones, there is a need for more sustainable practices to reduce waste and improve the use of natural resources. Thus, the present study aims to develop artificial stones with waste from the ornamental stone extraction process from the quarry, and vegetable polyurethane resin derived from castor oil, in order to analyze its viability in the production

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16

Guo, Xuying, Zhiyong Hu, Saiou Fu, Yanrong Dong, Guoliang Jiang, and Ying Li. "Experimental study of the remediation of acid mine drainage by Maifan stones combined with SRB." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0261823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261823.

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The problems of acid mine drainage (AMD) in coal mine acidic wastewaters arise from a range of sources, including severe pollution with heavy metals and SO42- and difficulties during treatment. Based on the ability of Maifan stone to adsorb heavy metals and the dissimilatory reduction of SO42- by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), Maifan stone-sulfate-reducing bacterium-immobilized particles were prepared via immobilization techniques using Shandong Maifan stone as the experimental material. The effects of Maifan stones containing SRB on mitigating AMD were investigated by constructing Dynamic C

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17

Armal, Forough, Luís Dias, José Mirão, et al. "Chemical Composition of Hydrophobic Coating Solutions and Its Impact on Carbonate Stones Protection and Preservation." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (2023): 16135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152216135.

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The decay diagnosis and conservation of stone-built heritage is becoming a worldwide concern, especially when stone decay causes chromatic changes in the original stone aesthetics, which directly impacts its sociocultural value. Among all the causes of stone decay, water action is identified as the major cause of stone decay and chromatic changes in stone building materials; hence, protective eco-friendly hydrophobic coatings are the efficient and fundamental options to prevent penetrating water into the stone. This paper aims to contribute to tackling water action on natural building stones b

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18

Khan, Saeed R. "Urinary stone analysis." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100102511.

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Since crystalline composition of a urinary stone is an expression of urinary chemical conditions prevalent at the time of crystal nucleation and growth, a careful analysis of the stone and identification of constituent crystals is necessary for an understanding of the disease and the initiation of a proper medical regimen for the prevention of stone recurrence. Of the number of methods available, analytical electron microscopic techniques including scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray microanalysis (XRMA), and electron diffraction (ED) are gaining in popularity.For

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19

Tzavellos, Stelios, Giovanni L. Pesce, Yu Wu, Alison Henry, Simon Robson, and Richard J. Ball. "Effectiveness of Nanolime as a Stone Consolidant: A 4-Year Study of Six Common UK Limestones." Materials 12, no. 17 (2019): 2673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172673.

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Protecting stone buildings from weathering and decay is a major challenge in the conservation of built heritage. Most of the stone consolidants currently available are well suited to silicate stones, but are less compatible with limestone. In this paper we present for the first time the results over a 4-year period of various consolidation treatments carried out using nanolime on 6 of the most representative and significant stones used in historic buildings in the United Kingdom. Tests investigated the influence of stone type, environmental conditions and pre-treatments on the effectiveness of

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20

Brdarić Kosanović, Jelena, Kristijan Živković, Vatroslav Šerić, et al. "Analysis of Human Kidney Stones Using Advanced Characterization Techniques." Crystals 15, no. 1 (2024): 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15010006.

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A comprehensive analysis of kidney stones is essential for the future treatment of patients. Almost all of the methods available for kidney stone analysis were used in this study. The chemical analysis included powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DSC). Following the chemical analysis, a detailed morphological analysis was carried out using stereoscopic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). These investigations showed that the sixteen kidney stones analyzed in

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21

Belhachem, Abdelaali Ali, Amina Amiar, Fatma Boudia, Mustafa Jamel Yousfi, and Houari Toumi. "Comprehensive Case Analysis of Prostatic Stones: The Role of FTIR Spectroscopy in Biochemical and Chemical Characterization and Management." Journal of Biochemicals and Phytomedicine 3, no. 2 (2024): 4–8. https://doi.org/10.34172/jbp.2024.14.

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Introduction: Bladder stones are a common complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), especially in elderly patients with comorbidities, requiring effective management strategies. This report highlights the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in stone composition analysis to guide treatment and prevention. Methods: This case report describes an 88-year-old male with BPH, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and chronic renal failure, presenting with pain and urinary retention. His condition was complicated by bladder lithiasis and upper urinary tract involvement, requiring a urinary cathet

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22

Daudon, Michel, Dominique Bazin, Gilles André, et al. "Examination of whewellite kidney stones by scanning electron microscopy and powder neutron diffraction techniques." Journal of Applied Crystallography 42, no. 1 (2009): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889808041277.

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Kidney stones made of whewellite,i.e.calcium oxalate monohydrate, exhibit various morphological aspects. The crystalline structure of whewellite at the atomic scale was revisited through a single-crystal neutron study at room temperature using a four-circle automated diffractometer. The possible relationships between the various morphological types of whewellite stones and their structural characteristics were examined at the mesoscopic scale by the use of scanning electron microscopy and at the nanometric scale by powder neutron diffraction. All types of whewellite stones displayed a similar

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23

Ferrazza, Livio, María T. Pastor Valls, Gemma M. Contreras Zamorano, et al. "Multidisciplinary Approach Applied to the Diagnosis of the Facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain)." Scanning 2019 (May 7, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2852804.

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This paper deals with the development of a multidisciplinary study on the current state of conservation of the facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain), a work of the Gothic period of great historical and artistic value. The aim of this diagnosis was to undertake the preventive conservation actions required and increase the knowledge about the conservation of paintings on stones. During the diagnosis scanning, electron microscopy was demonstrated to be a valuable analytical method for wall paintings on stone. The facade, which since its construction has not

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Sładek, Michał, Marcin Procek, Sabina Drewniak, Piotr Kałużyński, and Erwin Maciak. "Characterization of Kidney Stones type using Raman Spectrosco-py and Electron Microscopy." Photonics Letters of Poland 17, no. 2 (2025): 57–59. https://doi.org/10.4302/plp.v17i2.1346.

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Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an excellent photonic measurement technique that can be extremely useful for characterizing kidney stones. Using RS, we can obtain precise information about the chemical composition and microstructure of the crystals that comprise kidney stones. Therefore, this non-invasive technique makes identifying different types of stones possible. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy supported by electron microscopy (SEM) imaging enables us to relate a given kind of crystal to its morphology. This paper presents the results of ex situ analysis of real samples of an unknown type of

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Li, Qi Shan, Ming Cheng Liu, and Qi Long Jiang. "The Study of Structure and Energy Domain of ZiJin Stone." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.85.

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It is mainly addressed the relation between the structure and the energy domain using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the micro structure. It indicates that some specific micro structures exiting in the Zijin Stone, such as the nanocrystal structure, nanofiber structure, and nanolayer structure, by which the capacities of releasing anion, bactericidal effect can to some extent be explained.

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Doehne, Eric. "ESEM and Video Microscopy Studies in Stone Conservation." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 613–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600009958.

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Observation of stone deterioration using in situ,time-lapse microscopy techniques has revealed previously undescribed material behaviors that help to explain the destructive effects of several important processes in wall paintings, historic structures and monuments. It has long been acknowledged that cyclic stresses imparted by humidity changes, wet-dry cycling, and the crystallization and hydration of soluble salts, are important agents in the deterioration of these porous structures. The crystallization of salts is a particularly serious conservation problem (Arnold, 1975). Over time, cyclic

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Yadav, Nagendra, Shuyang He, and Zhengpeng Yao. "Optical microscopy for surface investigations of pebbles stone." Manufacturing Letters 45 (September 2025): 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mfglet.2025.07.003.

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28

Sun, Xin-Yuan, Jian-Ming Ouyang, Feng-Xin Wang, and Yu-Shan Xie. "Formation Mechanism of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Stones: A Component Analysis of Urinary Nanocrystallites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/498932.

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The components of urinary nanocrystallites in patients with magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) stones were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), fast Fourier transformation (FFT), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The main components of the stones were MAP hexahydrate (MAP·6H2O), magnesium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate (MgHPO4·3H2O), and a small amount of calcium phosphate (CaP), while the main components of urinary nanocrystallites

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Ribeiro, Carlos Eduardo Gomes, Rubén Jesus Sánchez Rodríguez, Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira, Eduardo Atem Carvalho, Verônica Scarpini Cândido, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Fabrication of Artificial Stone from Marble Residue by Resin Transfer Molding." Materials Science Forum 775-776 (January 2014): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.336.

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Artificial stones have recently been worldwide commercialized but are still not produced in Brazil. This has motivated efforts for the local fabrication of a similar stone. Thus, an artificial ornamental stone (AOS) was fabricated by means of a resin transfer molding (RTM) process. Marble residues were placed inside a hermetic mold under vacuum. A still fluid polyester resin, already mixed with a catalyst and a thinner, was injected into the mold. After curing, the density and water absorption of the AOS were evaluated. The material was also subjected to both compression and bend mechanical te

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Dinda, Shilpa, Souradut Ray, and Amal Kumar Mondal*. "Micro-morphological and morphometric characters analysis of Silica Bodies (SB) on leaf epidermal cells of five selected taxa in the Sub-family panicoideae based on Analytical Microscopy (AM): A systematic approach." Annals of Plant Sciences 6, no. 01 (2016): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2017.01.004.

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Plants have unique capability to deposit silicon (si) with and between the cells and thus creating casts of the cells commonly known as silica bodies (plant stones). Silicon are very abundantly present only in the family Poaceae among monocotyledon. These silica bodies contain the composition of silicon to form different structural diversity of stone cells like long or short bar with rounded or semi rounded spheres dumbbell shaped, sinuous elongated rectangular, narrow elliptical rectangular, randle, polylobed and cross shaped etc. Light (LM), Polarized (PM), Fluorescence Microscopy (FM) and S

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Sinicki, Ronald, and Christopher Viney. "Human gallstones: Specimen preparation and light microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (1992): 734–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100124070.

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Several methods for removing gallstones from the human body are in use or under investigation. They range from noninvasive techniques (dissolving; ultrasound lithotripsy), through minor surgery (use of wire basket lithotriptor; laser lithotripsy), to major surgery. The choice of procedure seeks to accomplish removal of stones while minimizing the cutting of patient tissue, the post-treatment rehabilitation time, and the overall cost. The effectiveness of a given procedure will vary, depending on the size and number of stones present, and especially on their composition and microstructure. Atte

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Wregg, Christoph, Dominik Rosenlechner, Verena Zach, et al. "FT-IR Spectroscopy Analysis of Kidney Stone Variability in Styria." Crystals 14, no. 10 (2024): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14100854.

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Urolithiasis is a medically significant crystallization process affecting the urinary tract. Kidney stones exhibit considerable diversity as they form in complex environments containing various molecules and pathogens. Understanding the formation and occurrence of kidney stones is essential for developing strategies to prevent or reduce the invasiveness of treatments. In this study, we investigated over 300 cases of urolithiasis in Styria, Austria. The composition of the stones was evaluated using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Most stones were found to be heterogeneou

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Tsampali, Evangelia, Stamatios Amanatiadis, Georgios Karagiannis, and Maria Stefanidou. "Inspecting the healing process in an artificial stone used for repair works containing crystallines." Technical Annals 1, no. 1 (2022): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ta.32160.

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Stone has been a basic building material of different monuments and structural components such as foundations and masonry. At the same time, dif-ferent types of stones have been used for decorative architectural elements, such as cornices, reliefs, colonnettes, and corbels. The maintenance of stone ele-ments is essential for the continuity of these structures. Many studies have been performed to produce stones with artificial materials. This study aims to present a new approach to artificial stone with self-healing capability. Crystallines have been implied in two different dosages: 0.8 and 1.

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Rovella, N., M. Musella, and D. Barca. "Characterization of stone tesserae from “The Indian Triumph of Dionysus” Mosaic (Casignana, Reggio Calabria, Italy)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2204, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2204/1/012036.

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Abstract The archaeological site of Casignana (Reggio Calabria) represents one of the most important Roman sites of Southern Italy thanks to its extension and refinement of its mosaics such as the “Indian Triumph of Dionysus”. Its stylistic complexity is related also to the wide range of polychrome stone tesserae used. For this reason, a minero-petrographic and geochemical characterization of some tesserae was carried out by Polarized Optical Microscopy (POM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Electron probe microanalyzer combined with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EPMA-WDS).

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Leung, Derek D. V., and Andrew M. McDonald. "Taking Rocks for Granite: An Integrated Geological, Mineralogical, and Textural Study of Curling Stones Used in International Competition." Canadian Mineralogist 60, no. 1 (2022): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2100052.

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ABSTRACT The duopoly of curling stone sources suitable for international competition (Ailsa Craig, Firth of Clyde, Scotland and Trefor, Llŷn Peninsula, North Wales) has led to a long-held paradigm that the rocks from these localities are geologically unique. To evaluate this paradigm, we provide the first comprehensive, detailed analyses of the geological, mineralogical, and textural properties of curling stones, with a focus on three main areas: (1) the collective features of all curling stone lithologies, (2) the differences among the lithologies used for running bands versus striking bands,

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Li, Chuanchang, Huan Ma, Baoshan Xie, et al. "A Comparison of Mineralogical and Thermal Storage Characteristics for Two Types of Stone Coal." Minerals 9, no. 10 (2019): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100594.

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Understanding the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of stone coal is imperative for exploring the thermal storage characteristics of stone coal. Two types stone coal (SCwt and SChc) were sampled from the pond of a stone coal mine in Henan province (China), and the chemical composition, phase composition, and thermal behavior of the stone coal were investigated. Furthermore, the petrography of the stone coal was studied in detail. The mineral phases of the stone coal were quartz, kaolinite, roscoelite, and goethite, as distinguished by reflected light microscopy and further proven by s

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Badry, Amr A. El, Mahmoud A. M. Mokbel, Ismail El Mofty, and Amira H. Mohamed. "Nanobacteria: An Infectious Cause for Salivary Stone Formation and Recurrence." Clinical medicine. Ear, nose and throat 3 (January 2010): CMENT.S5147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cment.s5147.

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Nanobacteria (NB) contribute to pathological calcification in the human and animal body. It has been isolated from salivary stones and suggested that it may act as a nucleus for the initiation of these stones. In the present study, we examined its role in the recurrent salivary gland stones using immunodetection with NB-specific monoclonal antibodies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) hoping to provide a method for preventing the recurrence of these stones in the patient that has suffered from salivary stones. Our study comprised 30 patients with recurrent salivary gland stones (group I) a

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Sofińska-Chmiel, Weronika, Marta Goliszek, Marek Drewniak, et al. "Chemical Studies of Multicomponent Kidney Stones Using the Modern Advanced Research Methods." Molecules 28, no. 16 (2023): 6089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28166089.

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Defining the kidney stone composition is important for determining a treatment plan, understanding etiology and preventing recurrence of nephrolithiasis, which is considered as a common, civilization disease and a serious worldwide medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of multicomponent kidney stones. The identification methods such as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microscopy with the EDX detector were presented. The studies by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were also carried out for b

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Bazin, Dominique, Michel Daudon, Gilles André, Raphael Weil, Emmanuel Véron, and Guy Matzen. "Therapy modifies cystine kidney stones at the macroscopic scale. Do such alterations exist at the mesoscopic and nanometre scale?" Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 2 (2014): 719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714004658.

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With an incidence of 1:7000 births, cystinuria, the most frequent cause of stone formation among genetic diseases, represents a major medical problem. Twenty-five cystine stones randomly selected from cystinuric patients were investigated. From a crystallographic point of view, cystine stones are composed of micrometre size crystallites, which are made up of an aggregation of nanocrystals. Through scanning electron microscopy, the morphology and size of the crystallites have been described, while the size of the nanocrystals was investigated by means of powder neutron diffraction. Powder neutr

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Singh, Manager Rajdeo, and Rajendra Yadav. "Formation of Calcium Oxalate Patinas as Protective Layer on Basaltic Stone Surfaces of 17th Century Raigad Hill Fort, India." Heritage 6, no. 7 (2023): 5374–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6070283.

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This work reports calcium oxalate film formation on basaltic stone surfaces of the 17th-century western India Raigad Hill Fort. Nine stone samples extracted from the exterior surfaces of different historical structures of the fort were investigated under FTIR, optical microscopy, XRD, and SEM-EDX. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed intense peaks for Ca-oxalate patinas on basaltic stone surfaces. Observation under optical microscopy clearly showed milky white oxalate films, and peaks for crystalline calcium oxalate, including rock silicates, were prominently observed through XRD investigations. The

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Purbani, Debora Christin, Ade Lia Putri, and Moh Habibi. "Epilithic Microalgae Isolated from Biofilm on Borobudur Temple Stone." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 5, no. 3 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.59216.

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Borobudur Temple is a historical heritage building located in an open area and made of porous building materials (stone materials). This condition makes the Borobudur Temple susceptible to various problems related to degradation and weathering. Biodeterioration of Borobudur Temple may be caused by activities of living organisms present in the biofilm of stone. Continuous monitoring and evaluation need to be carried out by observing and isolating the growth of micro-organisms, including epilithic microalgae. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify epilithic microalgae from the biofil

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Zarkadas, Anastasios, Dimitrios Bozios, Vassileios Konstantinopoulos, et al. "Current Trends in Metabolic Evaluation of Patients with Urinary Tract Lithiasis." Hellenic Urology 34, no. 3 (2022): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/huaj.huaj_27_22.

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Abstract Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent disorders of the urinary tract with a high prevalence among the general population. The etiology is multifactorial and is related primarily with, race, age, gender, occupation, hygienic-dietetic issues, lifestyle factors, geographic and climatic aspects, hereditariness, and metabolic changes. Therefore, for prevention of the disease, the metabolic causes responsible for stone formation should be addressed before and particularly after treatment. Key point for the metabolic evaluation is to perform stone analysis and to classify patients into lo

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Petcu, Cristian, Elvira Alexandrescu, Adriana Bălan, Maria Antonia Tănase, and Ludmila Otilia Cinteză. "Synthesis and Characterisation of Organo-Modified Silica Nanostructured Films for the Water-Repellent Treatment of Historic Stone Buildings." Coatings 10, no. 10 (2020): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10101010.

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This study presents the facile sol-gel synthesis of nanostructured coatings for use in water-repellent treatment of travertine stone. The synthesized materials combine surface roughness characteristics with particular chemical compositions to give different hydrophobicity results. The influence of the silica particle coating precursor on the hydrophobicity of the polymeric film was investigated, and the octyl-modified silane was selected for further fabrication of the hybrid coatings. The water repellent properties, together with composition and structural properties of the silane-based hybrid

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Germinario, Luigi, and Ákos Török. "Surface Weathering of Tuffs: Compositional and Microstructural Changes in the Building Stones of the Medieval Castles of Hungary." Minerals 10, no. 4 (2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10040376.

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Volcanic tuffs have a historical tradition of usage in Northern Hungary as dimension stones for monumental construction, Ottoman architecture, common dwellings, etc., admirable at its best in the medieval castles of Eger and Sirok. This research explores tuff deterioration in the castle walls, dealing with the mineralogical composition, microstructure, trace-element geochemistry, and microporosity of the surface weathering products and the near-surface stone substrate. The classic microscopic and mineralogical techniques–optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, and XRD–were supported by ICP-MS and nitroge

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HU, Jianhua, Fengwen Zhao, Qifan Ren, Ye Kuang, Tan Zhou, and Zhouquan Luo. "Microscopic characterization and strength characteristics of cemented backfill under different humidity curing conditions." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 12 (2019): 191227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191227.

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Under different exploitive conditions, the humidity levels of the backfill stopes are not the same. Humidity greatly affects the strength and microscopic characterization of the backfill. Cemented paste backfill (CPB) specimens were cured using 0, 30, 70% and standard curing (20°C, 99%) under four different humidity conditions. At 28 days, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to obtain the microscopic features of the CPB specimens. The relationships between the permeability and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of the CPB specimens, and

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Rodrigues, Alexandra, Bruno Sena da Fonseca, Ana Paula Ferreira Pinto, Susana Piçarra, and Maria de Fátima Montemor. "TEOS Nanocomposites for the Consolidation of Carbonate Stone: The Effect of Nano-HAp and Nano-SiO2 Modifiers." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030981.

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This study aimed at evaluating the effect of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanosized structures and nanoparticles of hydrophilic silica as modifiers of both acid- and alkaline-catalysed tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-based products for the consolidation of carbonate stones. Their initial effectiveness and some compatibility aspects were assessed in a porous limestone (sound and artificially aged Ançã stone samples) and two types of treatment (capillary absorption and brushing). The studied products were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Their depth of penetration an

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Stagno, Valeria, Alessandro Ciccola, Roberta Curini, Paolo Postorino, Gabriele Favero, and Silvia Capuani. "Non-Invasive Assessment of PVA-Borax Hydrogel Effectiveness in Removing Metal Corrosion Products on Stones by Portable NMR." Gels 7, no. 4 (2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7040265.

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The cleaning of buildings, statues, and artworks composed of stone materials from metal corrosion is an important topic in the cultural heritage field. In this work the cleaning effectiveness of a PVA-PEO-borax hydrogel in removing metal corrosion products from different porosity stones has been assessed by using a multidisciplinary and non-destructive approach based on relaxation times measurement by single-sided portable Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Scanning Electron Microscopy—Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Raman Spectroscopy. To this end, samples of two lithotypes, Trav

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Song, Quanshuai, Jianrui Zha, Yulong Bai, Long Chen, Yao Zhang, and Hong Guo. "Type and Sources of Salt Efflorescence in Painted Stone Carvings from Pujiang Museum, Sichuan, China." Crystals 13, no. 2 (2023): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020273.

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Painted stone carvings from Pujiang Museum in Chengdu were excavated from the Ming tombs near to Chengdu Metro Line 7. The Ming burial sites were the eunuch graves of the Shu King, and their tomb was constructed mostly of stone and decorated with paintings and carvings on its surface, which are of great value. However, during their burial, these painted stone carvings suffered significant salt damage. In this research, we performed optical microscope (OM) analysis, Raman spectra (RAM), ion chromatography (IC) analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and

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Chen, You Zhi, Fang Xian Li, and Bing Bo Xu. "Use of Clayish Crushed Stone for Production of Aerated Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 302-303 (January 2006): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.302-303.269.

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Aerated concrete is a new type of building materials. Clayish crushed stones are regarded as solid waste disposals in China. This paper reports the research outcomes of an experimental study on using clayish crushed stone for the production of aerated concretes of B05 and B06 grade. Hydro-thermal synthesis reaction, mixing proportions, gas-forming and their influences on the concrete performance are investigated. Proper mixing proportions and some important technical parameters are proposed for material design. The microstructure of aerated concrete made with clayish crush stone is analyzed by

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Kustov, Andrey V., Boris D. Berezin, and Vyacheslav N. Trostin. "The Complexon−Renal Stone Interaction: Solubility and Electronic Microscopy Studies." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113, no. 28 (2009): 9547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp901493x.

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