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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stop valve'
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Chan, Su-yee, and 曾淑儀. "The value of real time information at bus stop in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3194565X.
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Chan, Su-yee. "The value of real time information at bus stop in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25263201.
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Vollmecke, Kirk F. "Finding best value in two-step sealed bidding." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23902.
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Gambell, Anthony C. (Anthony Charles) 1976. "Operations improvements through non=value-added step reduction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34789.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).<br>This thesis demonstrates how factories can use the Value Stream Mapping method to reduce both direct and indirect labor cost components through a non-value-added step reduction. The principal objective of this internship was to identify instances of non-value-added work in a product value stream and implement actions to reduce or eliminate it. Operations improvements included actions to eliminate waste through bottleneck utilization improvements, paperwork reduction, planning tool development and safety stock level calculation. From a leadership perspective, this thesis explores the challenges of cross-cultural and second-language change management.<br>by Anthony C. Gambell.<br>S.M.<br>M.B.A.
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Dias-Johnson, Georgy, and Frantzis Dionysios. "10-Step Earned Value Management: Implementation to Insurance Projects." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-152216.
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Valente, Erika <1990>. "Il Boarnàl : storia di una valle." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17135.
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Questa ricerca vuole raccontare di un luogo, denominato Boarnàl, una piccola valle nel comune di Seren del Grappa. In provincia di Belluno.
Partendo da una ricognizione, di quello che là si vede oggi, ho cercato di ricostruire il suo passato fino a dove il tempo e le testimonianze d’archivio ce lo consentono. Oggi il Boarnàl si presenta come un classico luogo dell’abbandono, disabitato e con le case in rovina.
La ricerca è composta da un censimento dei ruderi presenti in loco, con foto e descrizioni. Partendo dalle fonti d’archivio e dalle fonti orali, spesso nello studio si presentano interrogativi e perplessità su quello che era, che è e che sarà un luogo abbandonato come il Boarnàl.
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Slámová, Hana. "Forenzní analýza prostředí IoT ze stop síťové komunikace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445577.
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The goal of this master's thesis is a creation of dataset capturing selected users' activities, network analysis of this dataset, design and implementation of method to detect selected users' activities and discussion of achieved results. 4 devices have been chosen for the creation of this dataset.
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Psihoyios, Georgios. "Advanced step-point methods for the solution of initial value problems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321767.
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Solsjö, Arvid, and Andreas Melin. "Regelefterlevnad gentemot LOU : En utmaning för stor för svenska sekundärkommuner?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149411.
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Bakgrund: Under 2015 gjordes upphandlingspliktiga inköp för cirka en sjättedel av Sveriges BNP vilket visar på de betydande pengabelopp som upphandlingsförfarandet innefattar. Samtidigt är det också ett stort antal organisationer som är berörda av upphandlingslagstiftningen där bland annat Sveriges sekundärkommuner ingår som en del av organisationerna. Tidigare studier på global nivå har visat på bristande regelefterlevnad gentemot upphandlingslagstiftning men att studera fenomenet i en svensk kontext har inte tidigare låtit sig göras. Det finns därför både samhällsrelevans såväl som teoretisk relevans att studera fenomenet närmare i en svensk kontext. Syfte: Syftet med vår studie är att bidra med ökad förståelse för hur regelefterlevnaden hos svenska sekundärkommuner har sett ut gentemot lagen om offentlig upphandling och dess grundläggande principer. För att öka förståelsen vill vi synliggöra faktorer som har påverkat regelefterlevnaden hos sekundärkommunerna. Metod: Denna studie utförs genom en innehållsanalys med både kvantitativa och kvalitativa inslag. En ansats tillämpas där både positivism och hermeneutik återfinns i olika delar av studien. Gällande empiriskt underlag så bygger det på sekundärdata i form av revisionsrapporter som sekundärkommunerna publicerat. Slutsats: Studiens resultat konstaterar att regelefterlevnaden har varit bristfällig i motsvarande 75 procent av de svenska sekundärkommunerna. De faktorer som påverkat regelefterlevnaden mest har varit interna regler och rutiner, ansvarsfördelning och uppföljning. Motsatsvis har utbildning och kompetens samt förekomst av en central databas ej visat sig ha samma påverkan på regelefterlevnaden.<br>Background: In 2015 procurement affairs were made for about one sixth of Swedish BNP which is pointing at the considerable amounts of money that the procurement procedure involves. Simultaneously there is also a large amount of organizations who are affected by the procurement legislation where secondary municipalities of Sweden is one of these organizations. Earlier studies on a global basis have been providing evidence pointing at lack of compliance towards procurement legislation but studying of this phenomenon in a Swedish context has not previously been done. It is therefore relevant to study this phenomenon closer, both socially as well as theoretically, in a Swedish context. Purpose: The purpose of our study is to contribute to a further understanding of how compliance in secondary municipalities of Sweden have been towards The Public Procurement Act and its basic principles. In order to contribute to this further understanding, we want to make factors visible which have affected compliance in secondary municipalities. Methodology: This study is performed through a content analysis using both quantitative and qualitative elements. An abductive approach is applied were both positivism and hermeneutic can be found in different parts of the study. Regarding the empirical basis it is built up by secondary data which is based on audit reports that secondary municipalities have published. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that compliance towards The Public Procurement Act have been insufficient in 75 percent of the Swedish municipalities. The factors that have affected the compliance most have been internal rules and procedures, division of responsibility and follow-up of the procurement process. On the contrary, education and competence as well as the presence of a central database have not shown to have the same effect on compliance.
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Wala, Tomasz P. (Tomasz Piotr) 1971. "Integrating the value chain : a step-by-step approach for creating a world-class supply chain for Kodak professional digital cameras." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9446.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).<br>Manufacturers of electronic equipment today face a new competitive battle. This battle does not just focus on the most efficient methods of production, but also the effectiveness of the entire supply chain. The next competitive advantage in manufacturing will shift from competition between leaner production systems to fully integrated and optimized supply chains. To assimilate the effectiveness of their supply chains, manufacturers must answer the following questions: What is the appropriate supply chain model for the type of product and volume? How should inventory levels be calculated and optimized for the entire supply chain? Is the distribution network designed toward the needs of the final customer? How can communication in the supply chain be managed most effectively? This thesis focuses on each question as they relate to the development of a more integrated supply chain. It is important to note that there is no one optimal solution because much depends on product characteristics. The thesis is based on research done at Eastman Kodak Company on the supply chain for the professional digital cameras. The goal is to provide a framework and model that can be used in improving any supply chain based on optimizing inventory levels and modifying the structure of the supply chain. The tools utilized include the MIT Strategic Inventory Placement (SIP) Model and improved communication via the Internet. By applying the framework described in this thesis, the digital camera manufacturing and supply chain team identified opportunities to double inventory turns and reduce its worldwide finished goods inventory by approximately $1.8 million. Furthermore, a newly designed communication management system will improve supply chain delivery performance and customer service.<br>by Tomasz P. Wala.<br>S.M.<br>M.B.A.
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Růžičková, Veronika. "Mini One Stop Shop a jeho implementace v IS Finanční správy ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191916.
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This thesis deals with the system Mini One Stop Shop and its implementation in IS of Financial Administration of the Czech Republic (ADIS). The first part describes the concept of the Mini One Stop Shop including basic concepts and related legislative documents. In the next part, were analyzed of the current conditions of the Financial administration of the Czech Republic in the area of IS / ICT in order to define a baseline for the implementation of MOSS payments area. The main outcome of this thesis is to design implementation of MOSS payments area in ADIS, which is composed of a detailed process analysis, catalog of functional requirements and an example of a specific analytical design for the selected functional requirements. The main contribution of this work is to link the general principles and requirements of MOSS that are defined uniformly for all EU Member States, with the principles and procedures implemented in the ADIS result in a the design implementation of MOSS payments area.
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Ritzén, Jesper. "Modelling and Fixed Step Simulation of a Turbo Charged Diesel Engine." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1724.
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<p>Having an engine model that is accurate but not too complicated is desirable when working with on-board diagnosis or engine control. In this thesis a four state mean value model is introduced. To make the model usable in an on-line automotive application it is discrete and simulated with a fixed step size solver. Modelling is done with simplicity as main object. Some simple static models are also presented. </p><p>To validate the model measuring is carried out in a Scania R124LB truck with a 12 liter six-cylinder turbo charged diesel engine. In general, for this relatively simple model, the mean errors must be considered low. The inlet manifold pressure mean error during highway driving is 3.4\%.</p>
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Nylén, Sebastian, and Adam Nyström. "Innovationsintermediärer: En one-stop-shop för allt vad små och medelstora företag efterfrågar vid samarbetsprojekt?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84856.
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Syfte – Denna studie syftar till att bidra med en ökad förstaåelse om vad små och medelstora företag (SMF:s) efterfrågar och på vilket sätt som innovationsintermediärer kan få SMF:s att vilja delta i samarbetsprojekt. Metod – Vi genomförde en kvalitativ enskild fallstudie vid en innovationsintermediär och primärdata insamlades genom 39 intervjuer, fördelat på fyra olika typer av informantgrupper: (1) anställda vid innovationsintermediären, (2) SMF:s, (3) stora företag, och (4) övriga aktörer (t.ex. finansiärer och myndigheter). Dataanalysen bestod av en tematisk analys för att identifiera SMF:s behov och hur innovationsintermediären kan tillgodose behoven. Resultat – Vårt resultatavsnitt är indelat i tre delar: (1) först presenterar vi sex olika värden som innovationsintermediärer skapar för SMF:s vid samarbetsprojekt, (2) i den andra delen presenterar vi elva attribut som gör det attraktivt att delta i samarbetsprojekt för SMF:s på företagsspecifik nivå, samarbetsprojektnivå och innovationsekosystemnivå, och (3) vi presenterar en processbeskrivning om hur innovationsintermediärer skulle kunna skapa attraktiva samarbetsprojekt för SMF:s. Teoretiska och praktiska bidrag – Denna studie bidrar till en ökad förståelse för innovationsintermediärer genom att belysa vad som bidar till att samarbetsprojekt med en innovationsintermediär är attraktiva för SMF:s, vilket inte uppmärksammats i befintlig litteratur. Studien understödjer även tidigare funna värden och identifierar nya värden som en innovationsintermediär kan skapa för SMF:s, för att sedan sammankoppla dessa till de attraktiva attribut som vi funnit. Studien har även ett praktiskt bidrag i form av en processbeskrivning, som kan hjälpa företagsledningar och beslutstagare hos innovationsintermediärer att förstå hur attraktiva samarbetsprojekt för SMF:s skulle kunna utformas. Begräsningar och framtida forskning – Detta är en enskild fallstudie och har således endast undersökt en innovationsintermediär, i detta fall ett forskningsinstitut, vilket kan påverka studiens generaliserbarhet. Därav rekommenderar vi framtida forskning att fortsatt undersöka frågeställningen genom en flerfallstudie eller studier som undersöker andra innovationsintermediärer.<br>Purpose – This study aims to contribute with an increased understanding of what small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) demand and how innovation intermediaries can increase the willingness among SMEs to participate in collaborative projects. Method – We conducted a qualitative single case study at an innovation intermediary. Primary data was collected through 39 interviews, divided into four different types of groups: (1) employees at the innovation intermediary, (2) SMEs, (3) incumbent firms, and (4) other actors (e.g., financiers and authorities). The findings were generated by using a thematic analysis to identify SMEs’ needs and how the innovation intermediary can meet those needs. Findings – Our findings section is divided into three parts: (1) first we present six different values that innovation intermediaries create for SMEs in collaborative projects, (2) in the second part we discuss eleven attributes that make it attractive to participate in collaborative projects for SMEs at company-specific level, collaborative project level and innovation ecosystem level, and (3) we provide a roadmap of how innovation intermediaries could create attractive collaborative projects for SMEs. Implications – This study contributes to an increased understanding of innovation intermediaries by highlighting what contributes to collaborative projects with an innovation intermediary being attractive to SMEs. This has not been observed in the existing literature. The study also supports previously found values, identifying new values that an innovation intermediary can create for SMEs, and linking both these values to the attractive attributes that we identified. Based upon the findings a roadmap was created to offer top management and decision-makers at innovation intermediaries a tool to design collaborative projects attractive to SMEs. Limitations and future research – This is an individual case study and has thus only examined one innovation intermediary, in this case, a research institute, which may affect the generalizability of the study. Therefore, we recommend future research to investigate our research questions through multiple case studies or studies examining other innovation intermediaries.
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Gooding, Anna Claire. "Material solubility in, and rapid synthesis of, ionic liquids as a step towards efficient value recovery from waste." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9092.
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Recovery of metal values from metal-containing wastes and low-grade ores is important in reducing consumption of metals from primary sources. The potential for ionic liquids (ILs) to be used to recover valuable constituents from waste by selectively dissolving target materials and then recovering them from the IL prior to regeneration and use of the IL in further extraction is demonstrated. A literature review shows the different types of ILs, their syntheses and applications as solvents in extraction procedures. The use of rapid synthesis methods (particularly, open- and closed-vessel microwave-assisted methods) to prepare ILs, of suitable purity for extracting value from wastes and low-grade ores, is described, with the benefits of more rapid synthesis, more efficient reagent conversion, higher purity product, reduced loss of starting materials and less use of volatile organic solvents, all of which contribute to a more environmentally-sound synthesis methodology. The solubilities of a range of metals and metal compounds, in the prepared ILs, show selective dissolution of metals can be achieved with the recovery of these metals, from IL solution also being reported. Testing the use of ILs as solvents to recover metals from alkali battery black mass waste and the mineral, malachite, as model systems, was studied, with recovery of zinc and manganese from the battery waste being achieved using HBetNTf2 and recovery of copper, from malachite, using protomimBr and protomimCl. Crystals have been isolated from solutions of Zn, ZnO, ZnS, CuO, CoCl2, Mn and MnO2 in protomimBr and their crystal structures determined, which show that complex formation between components of the IL and the metal ions provides the mechanism for the dissolution of metals from solids into the ILs. The complex formation can, however, involve either the nitrogen atom of the imidazolium-IL cation (for zinc, copper and manganese) or the IL halide anion (for cobalt).
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Alsaraireh, Ahmad. "Firm's value, financing constraints and dividend policy in relation to firm's political connections." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15824.
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The relationship between politicians and firms has attracted a considerable amount of research, especially in developing countries, where firms' political links are a widespread phenomenon. However, existing literature offers contradicting views about this relationship, espicially regarding the impact of firms' political connections on firms' market-performance. Furthermore, there is limited evidence on the impact of firms' political connections on some of the important corporate decisions, including firms' investment- and dividend-policies. Therefore, this thesis seeks to fill these gaps by offering three empirical essays with Jordan as a case study. The first essay examines the impact of firms' political links on their values by controlling for macroeconomic conditions. Also, in the extended models, by specifying three major events which occurred after 2008, namely, the establishment of the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC), the Global Financial Crisis, and the Arab Uprisings, we investigate the effects of these events on the relationship between firms' political ties and their value. The findings of this essay indicate that politically-connected firms have higher values compared to their non-connected counterparts in Jordan. Moreover, it is found that firms with stronger political-ties have higher values than firms with weaker ties. Furthermore, the positive effect of political connections continues, even after controlling for the macroeconomic conditions, though the latter are considered to be more important than political connections for firm valuation due to their impact on the share price. Interestingly, findings show that the events occurring after 2008 do not seem to have affected the relationship between political connections and firm value since the significant positive impact of political-ties on firm value persists during the post-event period. The second empirical essay studies the role of political connections in mitigating firms' financing-constraints. Moreover, it investigates the effect of the strength of political connections in alleviating these constraints. Finally, it looks at the impact of the above-mentioned three events which occurred after 2008, notwithstanding the new banking Corporate Governance Code issued in 2007. Findings of this essay reveal that firms' political connections are important in mitigating their financing-constraints. Furthermore, the results show that stronger political connections seem to reduce financing-constraints more than weaker connections. Finally, findings show that the impact of firms' political connections has diminished during the post-event period (2008 - 2014). The third essay examines how a firm's political connections can affect its dividend-policy. It also considers the impact of the strength of political connections on dividend-policy. Finally, we extend the empirical analysis by investigating any shift in the relationship between political connections and dividends due to the events of the Global Financial Crisis, the Arab Uprisings, and the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Results of this essay reveal that a firm's political connections have a significant positive impact on both the propensity to pay dividends and the dividend-payout ratio. Regarding the impact of the strength of political connections on dividends, it is found that firms with weaker political connections pay out more in dividends than firms with stronger connections. In terms of the impact of the events which occurred after 2008 on the relationship between political connections and dividends, the findings show that the impact of these connections on dividends is eliminated.
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Le, Quang Tuan. "Magnetodynamics in Spin Valves and Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Perpendicular and Tilted Anisotropies." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialfysik, MF, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191176.
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Spin-torque transfer (STT) effects have brought spintronics ever closer to practical electronic applications, such as MRAM and active broadband microwave spin-torque oscillator (STO), and have emerged as an increasingly attractive field of research in spin dynamics. Utilizing materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in such applications offers several great advantages such as low-current, low-field operation combined with high thermal stability. The exchange coupling that a PMA thin film exerts on an adjacent in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) layer can tilt the IMA magnetization direction out of plane, thus creating a stack with an effective tilted magnetic anisotropy. The tilt angle can be engineered via both intrinsic material parameters, such as the PMA and the saturation magnetization, and extrinsic parameters, such as the layer thicknesses. STOs can be fabricated in one of a number of forms—as a nanocontact opening on a mesa from a deposited pseudospin-valve (PSV) structure, or as a nanopillar etching from magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ)—composed of highly reproducible PMA or predetermined tilted magnetic anisotropy layers. All-perpendicular CoFeB MTJ STOs showed high-frequency microwave generation with extremely high current tunability, all achieved at low applied biases. Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements and analysis revealed the bias dependence of spin-torque components, thus promise great potential for direct gate-voltage controlled STOs. In all-perpendicular PSV STOs, magnetic droplets were observed underneath the nanocontact area at a low drive current and low applied field. Furthermore, preliminary results for microwave auto-oscillation and droplet solitons were obtained from tilted-polarizer PSV STOs. These are promising and would be worth investigating in further studies of STT driven spin dynamics.<br>Effekter av spinnvridmoment (STT) har fört spinntroniken allt närmare praktiska elektroniska tillämpningar, såsom MRAM och den spinntroniska mikrovågsoscillatorn (STO), och har blivit ett allt mer attraktivt forskningsområde inom spinndynamik. Användning av material med vinkelrät magnetisk anisotropi (PMA) i sådana tillämpningar erbjuder flera stora fördelar, såsom låg strömförbrukning och funktion vid låga fält i kombination med hög termisk stabilitet. Den utbyteskoppling (”exchange bias”) en PMA-tunnfilm utövar på ett intilliggande skikt med magnetisk anisotropi i planet (IMA) kan få IMA-magnetiseringsriktningen att vridas ut ur planet, vilket ger en materialstack med en effektivt sett lutande magnetisk anisotropi. Lutningsvinkeln kan manipuleras med både inre materialparametrar, såsom PMA och mättningsmagnetisering, och yttre parametrar, såsom skikttjocklekarna. STO:er kan tillverkas som flera olika typer - som en nanokontaktsöppning på en s.k. mesa av en deponerad pseudospinnventilstruktur (PSV) eller som en nanotråd etsad ur en magnetisk tunnlingsövergång (MTJ) –och bestå av mycket reproducerbar PMA eller av skikt med på förhand bestämt lutning av dess magnetiska anisotropi. MTJ-STO:er av CoFeB med helt vinkelrät anisotropi visar högfrekvent mikrovågsgenerering med extremt stort frekvensomfång hos strömstyrningen, detta vid låg biasering. Mätning och analys av spinnvridmoments-ferromagnetisk resonans (ST-FMR) avslöjade ett biasberoende hos spinnvridmomentskomponenter, vilket indikerar en stor potential för direkt gate-spänningsstyrda STO:er. I helt vinkelräta PSV-STO:er observerades magnetiska droppar under nanokontaktområdet vid låg drivström och lågt pålagt fält. Dessutom erhölls preliminära resultat av mikrovågssjälvsvängning och av s.k. ”droplet solitons” hos PSV-STO:er med lutande polarisator. Dessa är lovande och skulle vara värda att undersökas i ytterligare studier av STT-driven spinndynamik.<br><p>QC 20160829</p>
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BOUMAN, LOES. "COLLECTIVE ACTION SUCCESS IN STEP-LEVEL PUBLIC GOODS GAMES Experimental Studies on the Role of Social Value Orientation and Information on Efficacy Heterogeneity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/314001.
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La tesi tratta il successo dell'azione collettiva e quali fattori ne favoriscono o ne ostacolano il raggiungimento. Nello specifico, la tesi si concentra sull'azione collettiva finalizzata alla produzione di beni pubblici e come i gruppi affrontano i dilemmi sociali che sono inerenti a tale argomento. Un dilemma sociale può essere definito come una situazione in cui la razionalità individuale e collettiva sono in contrasto. Esistono due grandi categorie di dilemmi sociali.
La prima categoria riguarda i problemi di cooperazione, vale a dire come ogni individuo ha la tentazione di astenersi dal dare contributi alla produzione del bene pubblico e puntare al consumo del bene fornito da altri, cioè attraverso il free-riding. Tuttavia, se tutti gli individui agiscono per i propri interessi, il bene pubblico non viene prodotto. Il modo in cui gli individui valutano i risultati propri e altrui prodotti dalla cooperazione è concettualizzato in termini di preferenze sociali (il termine ufficiale è ‘social value orientation, SVO)’. La ricerca dimostra come SVO sia un valido predittore del comportamento cooperativo in vari contesti empirici. Tuttavia, una volta che gli individui interagiscono ripetutamente, la forza relativa e la stabilità del legame SVO e comportamento appare meno evidente. In questa dissertazione SVO è uno degli fattori chiave che dovrebbero svolgere un ruolo nel successo dell'azione collettiva.
La seconda categoria riguarda, invece, i problemi di coordinamento. In qeusto caso, gli individui si trovano in situazioni in cui gli interessi coincidono; tuttavia, ci sono più opzioni di scelta per raggiungere il risultato auspicato e quanto detto può provocare un problema di coordinazione. Ricerche precedenti hanno dimostrato che l'eterogeneità tra i collaboratori può aiutare a superare i problemi di coordinamento. I membri del gruppo differiscono tipicamente nell'impatto che i loro investimenti hanno sulla probabilità della produzione di un bene pubblico. L'impatto che il comportamento di un individuo ha sui risultati è generalmente indicato con il termine ‘efficacia’. La ricerca ha messo in risalto l’esistenza di una significativa relazione positiva tra eterogeneità nell'efficacia e azione collettiva di successo. Tuttavia, questa relazione richiede che le persone coinvolte abbiano informazioni sull'efficacia reciproca. Ma resta ancora una questione aperta, ovvero come il grado di eterogeneità delle informazioni sull'efficacia influenzi il successo dell'azione collettiva. Il grado di eterogeneità delle informazioni di efficacia costituisce la seconda spiegazione chiave di questa tesi.
I fattori di spiegazione principali - SVO e informazioni sull'eterogeneità di efficacia – nel lavoro in questione si concentrano su come le caratteristiche individuali, le caratteristiche del gruppo e la struttura della situazione influenzano il successo dell'azione collettiva.Tali elementi sono strettamente correlati ai due dilemmi sociali (problemi di cooperazione e coordinamento) che connotano l'azione collettiva. Nel presente lavoro il fuoco è rivolto a due interrogativi di centrale importanza; In che modo le preferenze sociali e le informazioni sull'eterogeneità dell'efficacia influenzano il successo dell'azione collettiva?
Un modello ben noto ampiamente utilizzato nel trattare il problema dei beni pubblici è lo Step-Level Public Good design (SPG). Tale modello viene utilizzato per definire un quadro teorico e per derivare ipotesi che verranno testate tramite esperimenti di laboratorio e con l’impiego di modelli multilivello.<br>This dissertation is concerned with understanding collective action success and what factors foster or hamper the endeavour. Specifically, we focus on collective action that is aimed at the production of public goods and how groups overcome social dilemmas that are inherent to that. A social dilemma can be defined as a situation where individual and collective rationality are at odds. There two broad categories of social dilemmas.
The first category compiles cooperation problems, were each individual has the temptation to abstain from making contributions to public good production and aim for consumption of the good provided by others, that is, by means of free-riding. However, if all individuals act on their own interests, the public good is not produced. How individuals value their own and others’ outcomes from cooperation is conceptualized as their Social Value Orientation (SVO). Research demonstrates that SVO is a valid predictor of cooperative behavior across various empirical settings. However, once individuals interact repeatedly, the relative strength and stability of the SVO – behavior link are less clear cut. In this dissertation SVO is one of the key explanans that are expected to play a role in collective action success.
The second category compiles coordination problems. In coordination problems, individuals find themselves in situations in which interests coincide, however, there are multiple choice options to reach that outcome and this can instigate a coordination problem. Previous research has shown that heterogeneity among cooperators can help in overcoming coordination problems. Group members typically differ in the impact their investments have on the likelihood of public good production. The impact an individual’s behavior has on outcomes is generally referred to as their efficacy. Research has established a significant positive relationship between heterogeneity in efficacy and successful collective action. However, this relationship requires that individuals involved have information about each other’s efficacy. But it yet remains an open question how the degree of information of efficacy heterogeneity influences collective action success. The degree of information of efficacy heterogeneity constitute the second key explanantia of this dissertation.
The two main explanans - SVO and information on efficacy heterogeneity - in this dissertation focus on how on individual characteristics, group characteristics and the structure of the situation influence collective action success. Both elements are closely related to the two social dilemmas (cooperation and coordination problems) inherent to collective action Bringing both questions together constitute an overacting question for the dissertation: How do social preferences and information on efficacy heterogeneity influence collective action success ? A well-known model naturally reflecting public goods problems is the Step-Level Public Good design (SPG). we adopt the design in the dissertation and use it as theoretical framework to derive hypotheses to answer this research question. We test hypotheses in laboratory experiments and analyse data in a multilevel framework.
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Li, Xiaoning. "Thio-arylglyocosides with Various Aglycon Para-Substituents, a Useful Tool for Mechanistic Investigation of Chemical Glycosylations." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1185896325.
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Souza, Thársis Tuani Pinto. "Simulações Financeiras em GPU." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-23052013-234703/.
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É muito comum modelar problemas em finanças com processos estocásticos, dada a incerteza de suas variáveis de análise. Além disso, problemas reais nesse domínio são, em geral, de grande custo computacional, o que sugere a utilização de plataformas de alto desempenho (HPC) em sua implementação. As novas gerações de arquitetura de hardware gráfico (GPU) possibilitam a programação de propósito geral enquanto mantêm alta banda de memória e grande poder computacional. Assim, esse tipo de arquitetura vem se mostrando como uma excelente alternativa em HPC. Com isso, a proposta principal desse trabalho é estudar o ferramental matemático e computacional necessário para modelagem estocástica em finanças com a utilização de GPUs como plataforma de aceleração. Para isso, apresentamos a GPU como uma plataforma de computação de propósito geral. Em seguida, analisamos uma variedade de geradores de números aleatórios, tanto em arquitetura sequencial quanto paralela. Além disso, apresentamos os conceitos fundamentais de Cálculo Estocástico e de método de Monte Carlo para simulação estocástica em finanças. Ao final, apresentamos dois estudos de casos de problemas em finanças: \"Stops Ótimos\" e \"Cálculo de Risco de Mercado\". No primeiro caso, resolvemos o problema de otimização de obtenção do ganho ótimo em uma estratégia de negociação de ações de \"Stop Gain\". A solução proposta é escalável e de paralelização inerente em GPU. Para o segundo caso, propomos um algoritmo paralelo para cálculo de risco de mercado, bem como técnicas para melhorar a solução obtida. Nos nossos experimentos, houve uma melhora de 4 vezes na qualidade da simulação estocástica e uma aceleração de mais de 50 vezes.<br>Given the uncertainty of their variables, it is common to model financial problems with stochastic processes. Furthermore, real problems in this area have a high computational cost. This suggests the use of High Performance Computing (HPC) to handle them. New generations of graphics hardware (GPU) enable general purpose computing while maintaining high memory bandwidth and large computing power. Therefore, this type of architecture is an excellent alternative in HPC and comptutational finance. The main purpose of this work is to study the computational and mathematical tools needed for stochastic modeling in finance using GPUs. We present GPUs as a platform for general purpose computing. We then analyze a variety of random number generators, both in sequential and parallel architectures, and introduce the fundamental mathematical tools for Stochastic Calculus and Monte Carlo simulation. With this background, we present two case studies in finance: ``Optimal Trading Stops\'\' and ``Market Risk Management\'\'. In the first case, we solve the problem of obtaining the optimal gain on a stock trading strategy of ``Stop Gain\'\'. The proposed solution is scalable and with inherent parallelism on GPU. For the second case, we propose a parallel algorithm to compute market risk, as well as techniques for improving the quality of the solutions. In our experiments, there was a 4 times improvement in the quality of stochastic simulation and an acceleration of over 50 times.
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Nilsson, Martin. "Expansionsmaskiner istället för strypventiler - en effektivisering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-146322.
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In Uppsala CHP Plant, there are six pressure reducing valves to reduce the pressure from 15 to 3 bars, before six absorption heat pumps. During the process the energy is conserved but losses occur in form of exergy. The aim of this thesis is to reduce the losses of exergy. This can be done by letting turbines replace the pressure reducing valves. In this thesis an investigation has been done of the conditions today, the conditions after the change from pressure reducing valves to turbines and a comparison of three different types of turbine solutions. The three examined solutions are one turbine, several helical screw expanders and several small turbines in parallel with asynchronous generators. The six absorption heat pumps have been divided into two groups; one group of four and one group of two absorption heat pumps. An investigation of locations and space in nearby switchgears has been done for each group. Contacts with retailers of the examined turbine solutions have been taken to gather technical specifications. These technical specifications have been used to simulate the electricity production and the economical yield of each type of examined solution. The investigation shows that the best solution is the solution with several small turbines with asynchronous generators. It has lower investment cost (15 [MSEK]) and the best yield. The proposed solutions will have an installed capacity of 2.65 [MW] to a cost of 5 601 [SEK/kW]. The electric energy production will be 15.7 [GWh/year]. An investment is recommended to a future electric energy price around 400 [SEK/MWh]. Before an investment it is recommended to investigate how to optimize the regulation of the new system with absorptions heat pumps and turbines.
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Washe, Alemayehu Paulos. "Electrochemically actuated capillary flow control for the development of integrated microfluidic devices." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/109047.
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Dispositivos microfluidos operados por fuerzas capilares son fáciles de operar plataformas para realizar herramientas Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC). Si estas “simplistas” aplicaciones LOC tengan éxito, la operación unitaria del control de flujo hay que desarrollarse. Esto es particularmente verdad para herramientas “ASSURED” (término introducido por A. Guiseppi-Elie: Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and robust, Equipment-free and Deliverable) y aplicaciones bioanalíticas en las cuales la respuesta depende de la disolución de los reactivos previamente depositados, la cinética de afinidad biológica y enzimática, y el transporte en materia de productos a un transductor en los microcanales. En esta tesis el diseño, fabricación e implementación de tres alternativas electroquímicas para el control del flujo capilar se han desarrollado basadas en electrowetting usando i) superficies superhidrófobas basándose a polímeros que responden inteligentemente a los estímulos eléctricos, ii) superficies nanoporosas superhidrófobas de electrodos de carbono, y iii) electrodos con superficies superhidrófobas acoplados a otros electrodos que facilitan la generación de gradientes que pueden propulsar el líquido. La tesis estudia el mecanismo de la respuesta en cada caso en estos sistemas y demuestra opciones para la reducción a la práctica de herramientas que pueden “democratizar” la “teranostica” (theranostics).<br>Capillary force-operated microfluidic devices are easy to use, low cost realization platforms for Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) configurations. If such “simplistic” LOC applications are to have success, flow control is an important unit operation to develop. This is particularly true for ASSURED (a term introduced by A. Guiseppi-Elie: Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and robust, Equipment-free and Deliverable) devices for bioanalytical applications where an analytical response depends on the dissolution of previously deposited reagents, the kinetics of biological affinity and enzymatic reactions, and mass transport of products to a transducer in the microchannels. In this thesis the design, fabrication and implementation of three different electrochemically actuated capillary flow control schemes have been developed through low voltage electrowetting/ electrochemical actuation of the flow using i) electrical stimuli responsive superhydrophobic surfaces based on intelligent polymers ii) superhydrophobic nanoporous carbonaceous surfaces, and iii) superhydrophobic electrodes coupled to other electrodes that facilitate the generation of gradients to propel the liquid. The thesis unravels the mechanism of response of such systems and demonstrates ways for reduction to practice of such devices for the “democratization” of theranostics.
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Obšilová, Lucie. "Měření malých stejnosměrných napětí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221185.
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This thesis deals with low level DC voltage measurement by three methods. First part of this thesis describes each method. It is about potentiometric method, reference step method and direct method. This thesis also describes Josephson voltage standard which was used for calibration nanovoltmeter and Zener reference. The theoretical part of this thesis also deals with the evaluation of key comparison data. The main goal of this thesis is the comparison of methods used to measure low level DC voltage. The practical part of the thesis deals with the implementation of measurement with all methods in cooperation with Czech metrology institute. The measured values are processed including uncertainty evaluations. The final part of this thesis focuses on comparison of measurement methods. The key comparison reference value and the degree of equivalence of the measurement of each method are determined. Next part of comparison consisted of graphic comparison of methods. The end of the thesis contains evaluation of the achieved results.
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Laminou, Abdou Souleymane. "Optimality of the Financial Decision and the Theory of American and Exotic Options." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G016/document.
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Cette thèse examine les décisions financières à travers la théorie des options Américaines et Exotiques. Dans un premier temps, nous avons présenté une revue de la littérature sur les options de type Américain. La tarification de l’option Américaine standard d’achat est revisitée en vue de fournir les pré-requis. Dans l’étape suivante, un nouveau type de contrat d’option, appelé Strangle Euro-American ou Strangle Hybride, a été introduit. Des formules analytiques ont été fournies pour leurs prix ainsi que leurs paramètres de gestion. Une nouvelle méthode est proposée pour calculer les intégrales qui définissent les bornes d’exercice anticipé. Il a été démontré que cette méthode est efficiente, précise et rapide pour la tarification de tous les types de Strangle voir au delà. Puis, nous avons examiné les options Step de type Américain. Nous avons démontré que les propriétés des options d’achat "vanille" ne s’appliquent pas aux Step dans certaines situations. Les formules d’évaluation et des paramètres de gestion ont été déterminés. Et enfin, nous avons considéré l’évaluation d’une firme détenant simultanément une option d’abandon et une option d’expansion de ses activités selon des conditions du marché (favorables ou défavorables). Les seuils critiques de décision ont été obtenus. Des formules analytiques pour la valeur de la firme ont été obtenues. Des simulations illustrent le comportement de ces seuils critiques de décisions anticipées<br>This thesis investigates the financial decisions through the theory of American and Exotic options. First, the literature on American-style derivatives is surveyed. The pricing of standard American call option in the early exercise premium representation is addressed in order to provide prerequisites for what follows. Second, a new variant of Strangle contracts, called Euro-American or Hybrid Strangles, is introduced and priced. Analytical formulas are provided for the prices of all these option contracts as well as their hedging parameters. A new quadrature is proposed to account for the systems of coupled integral equations that locate the early exercise boundaries. It is shown to be efficient, accurate, and fast for pricing all types of early exercisable strangles and more. Third, we examines the valuation of American Step options contract. The structures of the immediate exercise regions of the various contracts are identified. Typical properties of American vanilla calls are shown to fail in some cases. Formulas for prices and hedging parameters, for the American Step options, are derived. Finally, we consider the valuation of a firm holding simultaneously an option to expand and to abandon productions depending on the state of the market (good or bad) in a real option framework. Optimal decision levels are obtained. Analytical formulas for the firm’s value are provided. Numerical results document the behavior of the firm’s value and optimal exercise boundaries levels
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Assareh, Hassan. "Bayesian hierarchical models in statistical quality control methods to improve healthcare in hospitals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/53342/1/Hassan_Assareh_Thesis.pdf.
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Quality oriented management systems and methods have become the dominant business and governance paradigm. From this perspective, satisfying customers’ expectations by supplying reliable, good quality products and services is the key factor for an organization and even government. During recent decades, Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods have been developed as the technical core of quality management and continuous improvement philosophy and now are being applied widely to improve the quality of products and services in industrial and business sectors. Recently SQC tools, in particular quality control charts, have been used in healthcare surveillance. In some cases, these tools have been modified and developed to better suit the health sector characteristics and needs. It seems that some of the work in the healthcare area has evolved independently of the development of industrial statistical process control methods.
Therefore analysing and comparing paradigms and the characteristics of quality control charts and techniques across the different sectors presents some opportunities for transferring knowledge and future development in each sectors. Meanwhile considering capabilities of Bayesian approach particularly Bayesian hierarchical models and computational techniques in which all uncertainty are expressed as a structure of probability, facilitates decision making and cost-effectiveness analyses.
Therefore, this research investigates the use of quality improvement cycle in a health vii setting using clinical data from a hospital. The need of clinical data for monitoring purposes is investigated in two aspects. A framework and appropriate tools from the industrial context are proposed and applied to evaluate and improve data quality in available datasets and data flow; then a data capturing algorithm using Bayesian decision making methods is developed to determine economical sample size for statistical analyses within the quality improvement cycle.
Following ensuring clinical data quality, some characteristics of control charts in the health context including the necessity of monitoring attribute data and correlated quality characteristics are considered. To this end, multivariate control charts from an industrial context are adapted to monitor radiation delivered to patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiogram and various risk-adjusted control charts are constructed and investigated in monitoring binary outcomes of clinical interventions as well as postintervention survival time.
Meanwhile, adoption of a Bayesian approach is proposed as a new framework in estimation of change point following control chart’s signal. This estimate aims to facilitate root causes efforts in quality improvement cycle since it cuts the search for the potential causes of detected changes to a tighter time-frame prior to the signal. This approach enables us to obtain highly informative estimates for change point parameters since probability distribution based results are obtained.
Using Bayesian hierarchical models and Markov chain Monte Carlo computational methods, Bayesian estimators of the time and the magnitude of various change scenarios including step change, linear trend and multiple change in a Poisson process are developed and investigated.
The benefits of change point investigation is revisited and promoted in monitoring hospital outcomes where the developed Bayesian estimator reports the true time of the shifts, compared to priori known causes, detected by control charts in monitoring rate of excess usage of blood products and major adverse events during and after cardiac surgery in a local hospital.
The development of the Bayesian change point estimators are then followed in a healthcare surveillances for processes in which pre-intervention characteristics of patients are viii affecting the outcomes. In this setting, at first, the Bayesian estimator is extended to capture the patient mix, covariates, through risk models underlying risk-adjusted control charts. Variations of the estimator are developed to estimate the true time of step changes and linear trends in odds ratio of intensive care unit outcomes in a local hospital. Secondly, the Bayesian estimator is extended to identify the time of a shift in mean survival time after a clinical intervention which is being monitored by riskadjusted survival time control charts. In this context, the survival time after a clinical intervention is also affected by patient mix and the survival function is constructed using survival prediction model.
The simulation study undertaken in each research component and obtained results highly recommend the developed Bayesian estimators as a strong alternative in change point estimation within quality improvement cycle in healthcare surveillances as well as industrial and business contexts. The superiority of the proposed Bayesian framework and estimators are enhanced when probability quantification, flexibility and generalizability of the developed model are also considered.
The empirical results and simulations indicate that the Bayesian estimators are a strong alternative in change point estimation within quality improvement cycle in healthcare surveillances. The superiority of the proposed Bayesian framework and estimators are enhanced when probability quantification, flexibility and generalizability of the developed model are also considered. The advantages of the Bayesian approach seen in general context of quality control may also be extended in the industrial and business domains where quality monitoring was initially developed.
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Lin, Sheng-Kai, and 林聖凱. "The Value of Stop Loss Strategies：The Evidence from Taiwan Stock Market." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38b96q.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>國際企業學研究所<br>104<br>According to domestic and foreign researches, stop-loss strategies can prevent investors occurring disposition effect, that is holding their losing investments too long and selling the stocks which are winners early. However, the most important thing to investors is return. Therefore, this thesis examine whether stop-loss strategy can lead to higher return or reduce losses for investors.
Different from the past research, this thesis uses all the stocks in Taiwan stock market from 2004 to 2014. To avoid the difference of volatility causes different degree of difficulties to reach the stop price, this thesis sets the stop price based on every stock’s daily return standard deviations. In order to prevent other factors making effects on the result, this thesis does not set any specific condition and signal to buy the stocks. In addition, this thesis uses regression to examine whether stock characteristics can affect the validity of stop-loss strategies. In the last we examine whether stop-loss strategy can reduce investment risk.
The result shows that stop-loss strategies neither reduce the losses nor increase the return, and investors cannot judge the validity of stop-loss strategies by specific stock characteristic. However, stop-loss strategies are able to reduce investment risk for investors significantly, avoid investors having a huge loss in one investment.
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Chen, Min-Hui, and 陳敏慧. "A Study on Single-step V.S. Multiple-Step of Increasing Taiwan’s Value-Added Business Tax." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/medbdz.
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碩士<br>國立臺中科技大學<br>財政稅務系租稅管理與理財規劃碩士班<br>103<br>This study investigated the effect of “Single-step V.S. Multiple-Step” to Increase Taiwan’s Value-Added Business Tax for improving government finance gap. We made an experiment to measure the difference of tax increasing patterns on decreasing of consumer spending and increasing of daily life pressure. We also investigated subjects would expect government shall invest the increasing tax revenue into different budget plans.
The first findings of this study, the impact of single-step increasing tax on consumer spending reduction and life pressure increase were significant lower than the multiple-step. Second, all the subjects put emphasis on the budgets of social security and health medical insurance. Third, the lower income subjects support government spending more budgets on the national defense item, however the support rate was lower than average. Fourth, the higher income subjects support government spending more budgets on public infrastructure, education and culture. If government spends the increasing tax revenue on those public budget items expected of subjects, there is over 50% subjects will support the government for the policy of increasing value added business tax.
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Shen, Li-En, and 沈麗恩. "On the study of some multi-step boundary value methods." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50160807556142090599.
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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>應用數學研究所<br>93<br>The numerical solutions of ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
using implicit linear multistep formulas is considered. More
precisely, boundary value methods (BVMs), a class of methods based
on implicit formulas will be taken into account in this paper. We
will study reverse Adams methods, extended trapezoidal rules and top order methods which are presented in [1], [2] and [3], respectively. By applying these methods, the solutions to a given ODE is given by
the solution of a large and sparse linear system Ax=b. We will
use some examples, boundary value problems (BVPs), to compare the
advantages and drawbacks of these methods.
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Sung, Hsuan-Ta, and 宋軒達. "Biodiesel production from high acid value oils by a two-step process." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s2azgb.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>工程科技研究所<br>102<br>This research uses palm sludge oil as the raw material and reduces acid value by high temperature esterification. The free fatty acids from oil are esterified by glycerol to create the glycerides. The optimal operation conditions of high temperature esterification are the molar ratio of glycerol to free fatty acids of 9:10, the reaction temperature of 250 °C, and the reaction pressure of 250 mmHg. The acid value would be less than 0.93 mg KOH/g when the reaction time was 90 minutes. The base-catalyzed transesterification of the low acid value oil from high temperature esterification produces fatty acids methyl esters and glycerol. The optimal conditions of transesterification are the molar ratio of methanol to theoretical value of 2.5:1, the catalyst dosages of 1% wcat/woil, the reaction temperature of 60 °C, the rotating speed of 500 rpm, and reaction time for 60 minutes. The yield of fatty acids methyl ester is obtained as 94.43%. The glycerol as the byproduct in the transesterification reaction can be purified to be recovered, and then be used in the high temperature esterification as a raw material. As a result, the system of the cycling production of biodiesel can be established, and the range of original acid value of oils is suggested between 70 and 120 mg KOH/g. Furthermore, other high acid value oils including palm fatty acid distillates, soybean acid oil, and shea olein were used for the high temperature esterification followed by traditional transesterification compared with those obtained by the traditional esterification/transesterification. As a result, the biodiesel properties from those two processes show no significant difference. Nevertheless, the cold filter plugging point of biodiesels from high temperature esterification followed by traditional transesterification generally is lower than those obtained by the traditional esterification/transesterification of 1 to 3 °C. The oxidation stability of biodiesels from high temperature esterification followed by traditional transesterification is greater than those obtained by the traditional esterification/transesterification of 4 to 6 hours. However, the appearance of biodiesels obtained from high temperature esterification followed by traditional transesterification is usually darker than those obtained by traditional esterification/transesterification.
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LIN, JE-HUNG, and 林哲弘. "A study of compared dollar-cost averaging and value averaging performances considering take-profit and stop-loss approach：The evidence of Taiwan index mutual fund." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j4he46.
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碩士<br>嶺東科技大學<br>財務金融系碩士班<br>106<br>This study used regular quotas and periodic irregularities to match various degrees of suspension, stop loss, and stop loss to conduct empirical research on the Taiwan stock index. During the study period, the survey was conducted from January 1998 to March 2018. The purpose is to understand whether it is possible to obtain better investment performance by using existing regular quotas and periodic uncertainties in combination with various fixed-term suspensions, stop losses, and stop losses during the research period of more than 20 years. Investment strategy performance and relative risks during short, medium and long-term investment periods, in order to be a reference for strategic choices when investors invest. The study found that, in terms of regular quotas, 30% is better with a higher suspension scheme if it is suspended, and 10% is better if it is stopped; if it is stopped at the same time, it is high. It is more appropriate to stop the loss of 30%. In terms of regular non-fixation, if it is to stop the loan, 30% is better with a higher suspension plan; if it is stop loss, it will be better with non-stop loss, and the longer the time, the more obvious the effect will be; if it stops at the same time For profit loss, it is more appropriate to not implement the stop loss and the stop loss of 30%. Compared with the regular fixed amount, when the Taiwan stock index fund rises by 20%, in order to reduce the risk, reduce the fixed investment by half, or when the Taiwan index fund falls by 20%, it is relatively cheap, and increase the fixed investment by half. In comparison, the periodic rate of reporting is higher than the regular rate.
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Ribeiro, Ricardo Jorge Madureira. "Pairs trading : strategy refinements." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/19414.
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In this paper, we apply the pairs trading strategy, original presented by Nunzio Tartaglia in mid-80´s, for the period between 2004 and 2014, to stocks listed in the London Stock Exchange. Our trading strategy seems to be highly profitable, with an average 6-month excess return of 15.39%. The strategy also proved to have better results when faced trouble economic environments like the subprime crisis.
We have implemented several add-ons to the strategy, aiming to reduce its risk. A new liquidity restriction was implemented in selecting pairs so that the strategy is not constrained by any concerns about liquidity problems. Another implementation was the creation of stop loss strategies based on number of days with losses and by loss percentage, which, however, proved to be unrewarding on the attempt to maximize the returns. On the other hand, by proving the unfeasibility of the stop loss strategies, we also proved the robustness of our strategy because we perceive that even if the return of the pair is going down for consecutive days or for a certain percentage, it ends up converging.
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DI, NONNO MARIA PIA. "Fausta Deshormes La Valle: un’artigiana dell’informazione a servizio dell’Europa." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1263500.
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Fausta Deshormes La Valle nata a Napoli, il 20 febbraio del 1927, cresce a Roma e si laurea in Giurisprudenza. Come il fratello Raniero La Valle, eredita la passione per il giornalismo dal padre Renato La Valle e dalla madre Mercedes Trotta. Lavora prima per l’Universitario (19451946) e gli Annali Ravasini (1946-1951) e, poi, come Redattrice per la rivista Ricerca dal 1951 al 1955 e, dal 1955 al 1958, per Giovane Europa. Nel 1957, in qualità di Redattrice Capo di Giovane Europa - rivista legata alla Campagna Europea della Gioventù (un’organizzazione creata per sensibilizzare i giovani sul tema dell’integrazionezione europea e finanziata dall’American Committee on United Europe) - assiste alla firma dei Trattati di Roma. In quegli anni Fausta incontra, anche, Philippe Deshormes (Segretario della Campagne Européenne de la Jeunesse) che sposa nel 1958 seguendolo prima a Parigi e poi a Bruxelles dove, nel 1961, viene reclutata nella Divisione ‘Informazione Universitaria, Gioventù, Educazione degli adulti’ nel Servizio Comune di Stampa e Informazione delle Comunità Europee (in seguito denominata Direzione Generale). Nel 1976 - stesso anno in cui la Commissione Europea istituisce un Ufficio concernente il lavoro delle donne gestito da Jacqueline Nonon - a Fausta viene affidata la direzione dell’Ufficio ‘Informazione Donne’:
"Il servizio fu creato entro la fine dello stesso anno 1976, e iniziò la sua attività all’inizio del 1977. Era il principio di una straordinaria avventura. Per la prima volta, un’istituzione ufficiale si dotava di una struttura d’informazione rivolta all’opinione pubblica femminile. C’era quindi tutto da costruire a da inventare."
L’Ufficio pubblica sin dal 1977 la rivista bimestrale ‘Donne d’Europa’ che sarà accompagnata anche da alcuni numeri monografici; i ‘Supplementi’ di ‘Donne D’Europa’, in seguito ribattezzati ‘Quaderni’.
"Quello che vorrei raccontare è come Donne d’Europa ci si sia trasformata fra le mani diventando un esempio di come l’informazione può essere uno strumento diretto di partecipazione alla vita della città, alla vita sociale e politica […] Ed ecco che - cosa preziosa - Donne d’Europa è rapidamente divenuta un anello di solidarietà, uno specchio della creatività delle donne, una miniera inesauribile di modelli e di esperienze, ‘una finestra sull’Europa’, come ci scrivono spesso le nostre lettrici (e lettori)."
Fausta, grazie alla sua innata capacità di fare rete sosterrà innumerevoli attività. Tra le più rilevanti: il lancio nel 1983, ad opera di Fausta Giani Cecchini, a Pisa, della prima ‘Conferenza Europea delle Elette Locali e Regionali’ e la costituzione nel 1990 della ‘Lobby Europea delle Donne’. Anche il famoso slogan utilizzato dalla Commissione Europea «Le donne una opportunità per l’Europa. L’Europa una opportunità per le donne» e il concorso «Donne, votate per l’Europa» - lanciati in occasione delle elezioni del 1979 - sono frutto della sua creatività. Fausta muore a Roma il 2 febbraio del 2013 e durante la commemorazione tenutasi a Bruxelles, nella Cappella della Resurrezione, il 4 aprile del 2013, Jacqueline De Groote la ricordava con queste parole:
"Fausta ha cambiato la vita delle donne in Europa e certamente ha cambiato la mia. Ci sono dei Padri Fondatori dell’Europa. Ma Fausta merita certamente il titolo di Madre Fondatrice dell’Europa al femminile."
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Duarte, João Diogo Alves Pereira. "How to successfully enter foreign retail markets and effectively create value?" Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25501.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of this thesis is to fill in the gap in the literature concerning the guaranteeing of a successful internationalization of firms in the retail market, more specifically, by building a step by step process that incorporates several activities and elements that must be performed in the correct fashion and incorporate the diversification of the value proposition.
To answer the research question a qualitative analysis was made, or more specifically, a comparative case study analysis by looking at the internationalization of Jerónimo Martins to Poland and to Colombia. Primary data was extracted from interviews with employees from several functions and positions in the company while secondary data consists in internal and external documentation.
The findings show that if a retail company uses the 10 step process detailed in this thesis (evaluate export capacity, evaluate FDI capacity, reconfigure domestic operations, evaluate target market, build entry mode, find partners, adapt to standards and legislation, find support services, introduce value proposition, build physical presence) and engages in value proposition diversification to match the target market, while keeping its core strengths, successful internationalization to any retail market can occur.<br>O objectivo desta tese é preencher o buraco que existe na literatura que respeita o garantir um processo de internacionalização com sucesso para as empresas no mercado do retalho, mais especificamente, através da elaboração de um plano, construído passo a passo, que incorpore variadas atividades e elementos que têm que ser realizadas na ordem correta e que incorporem a diversificação da proposta de valor.
Para responder à pergunta de pesquisa foi conduzida uma análise qualitativa, mais especificamente, uma metodologia comparativa de casos de estudo que olhou à internacionalização da Jerónimo Martins para a Polónia e para a Colômbia. Dados primários vêm de entrevistas e dados secundários vêm de documentação externa e interna.
Os resultados demonstram que se uma empresa de retalho usar o plano que incorpora 10 passos (avaliar capacidade de exportação, avaliar capacidade e FDI, reconfigurar operações domésticas, avaliar o mercado desejado, determinar o modo de entrada, encontrar parceiros, alinhar com legislação e padrões de qualidade, econtrar serviços de suporte, introduzir a proposição de valor e construír uma presença física) e adaptar a sua proposta de valor ao mercado então uma internacionalização com sucesso para qualquer mercado de retalho é possivel.
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Son, Kiyoung. "Regression Model Predicting Appraised Unit Value of Land in San Francisco County from Number of and Distance to Public Transit Stops using GIS." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10719.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study is to develop a quantifying model that predicts the appraised unit value of parcels in San Francisco County based on number of LEED-NC Public Transportation Access (PTA) qualified bus, light rail and commuter rail stops, distance to closest bus, light rail and commuter rail stops, zoning class and parcel size. As a population of interest, San Francisco County was chosen since it is known as a region having well-organized transportation systems including bus, light rail and commuter rail systems.
According to the correlation results, for mixed zone, an appraised unit value increases as the number of LEED qualified transit stops increases (bus, light rail, and commuter rail). In addition, the appraised unit value increases as the distance to LEED qualified bus stops light rail stops decreases. For residential zone, the appraised unit value increases as the number of LEED qualified bus and light rail stations increases. Furthermore, the appraised unit value increases as the distance to LEED qualified bus stops decreases.
When it comes to the predictive regression model for mixed zone, the adjusted R-square of the transformed model was 0.713, which indicates that 71.3 percent variability in transformed unit value of parcels could be explained by these variables. In addition, for the predictive model of residential zone, the adjusted R-square for the model was 0.622 thus the independent variables together accounted for 62.2 percent variability in the transformed unit value of parcels.
The predicting models for mixed and residential zones were significant that suggests that the components of LEED-NC PTA criteria, number and distance from parcels, this could affect land development strategies. In addition, an appraised unit value of parcels in San Francisco County can be estimated by using the predictive models developed in this study. Therefore, the findings of this study could encourage real-estate developers to site their projects according to the LEED-NC PTA criteria.
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Murayama, Roberto Cartwright Brodie. "Avaliação do impacto de um Centro de Fomento de Melhorias no fortalecimento do processo de geração de valor numa empresa do setor de elétrico e eletrônico." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/57174.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial<br>A competitividade mercadológica exige das empresas contínuo foco na inovação de seus produtos e processos. A lucratividade está atrelada ao controle rigoroso de custos, portanto as ferramentas e conceitos que operam neste contexto são bem aceitas no ambiente industrial. Por décadas, a filosofia da manufatura enxuta (lean manufacturing) se consolidou como abordagem efetiva para reduzir desperdícios, controlar custos e aumentar a eficiência operacional em diversos segmentos de mercado. Este trabalho partiu da premissa de que a implantação de um centro de fomento de ideias (lean pit stop) diminuiria desperdícios e melhoraria os indicadores de produtividade da empresa sob análise. O lean pit stop foi projetado em cima de dois conceitos da manufatura enxuta: a sala Obeya ou central de comando e Rapid Improvement Experiment (RIE). A empresa foco desta dissertação é uma filial da Inventus Power Ltda que manufatura produtos elétrico e eletrônicos na cidade de Manaus. O estudo apresenta uma revisão da literatura dos conceitos e histórico do Toyota Production System (TPS) e de ferramentas como o mapeamento do fluxo de valor (VSM), autonomação, kaizen e a sala Obeya. A metodologia de investigação-ação é detalhada a partir da elaboração do planeamento na empresa, formação de grupos de trabalho, construção de plano de comunicação, envolvimento das equipas, uso do VSM e aplicação das ideias de melhorias dos colaboradores. Os resultados obtidos, como o aumento da produtividade por hora, redução do espaço físico, e a redução do ciclo de montagem comprovam a efetividade que uma central de controlo de melhorias de processo pode ter na eliminação de desperdícios.<br>The market competitiveness requires companies to have continued focus on the innovation of their products and processes. Their profitability is linked to rigorous cost controls, thus tools and concepts that operate in this context are well received. For decades, the lean philosophy has demonstrated to be an effective approach to the reduction of wastes, costs control, and increase operational efficiencies in numerous market segments. This work was based on the premise that the implementation of an idea inception center (lean pit stop) would reduce wastes and would improve the key productive indicators of the company under analysis. The lean pit stop was conceived based on two lean manufacturing concepts: the obeya room or command center, and the Rapid Improvement Experiments (RIE). The company under study is a subsidiary of Inventus Power Ltd which manufactures electronic products in the city of Manaus. This paper presents a literature review of Toyota Production System’s concepts and history, and tools such as value stream mapping, autonomation, kaizen and the obeya room. The methodology applied, investigative-action, details the process since the elaboration of the strategic plan, creation of committee teams, communication plan, team engagement, use of the VSM, and application of employees’ improvement suggestions. The results obtained, such as production output increase, space reduction, and cycle time improvement are robust in demonstrating the idea center’s effectivity in process improvements and waste elimination.
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BREZZA, Andrea. "La valle del Piave e la via di Alemagna tra XII e XIII secolo. Territorio, forme di potere e progetti di dominazione." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/397151.
Full textAbstract:
Questa ricerca è focalizzata sullo studio delle forme di potere affermatesi nella valle del Piave tra XII e XIII secolo. L’obiettivo principale è quello di determinare il rapporto tra queste forme di potere e il territorio, in particolare per quanto riguarda il reciproco condizionamento tra politiche di espansione e di radicamento, da un lato, e assetto della viabilità regionale, dall’altro. Dopo un’introduzione sulle comunicazioni tra Venezia e il continente e sulla strada di Alemagna in particolare, l’analisi si è strutturata partendo anzitutto dalle caratteristiche dei poteri comitali, vescovili, signorili e comunali presenti nella regione analizzata (capitoli I e II); in secondo luogo, è stata posta al centro della ricerca l’analisi del rapporto tra forme di potere territoriale e presenze monastiche e ospedaliere nell’area di strada della via del Piave e della via di Alemagna (capitolo III). Nell’ultimo capitolo, infine, si sono approfondite le caratteristiche relative ai progetti di dominazione egemonica sulla valle del Piave messi in atto, con tempi e forme profondamente diverse, dal comune di Treviso e dai signori da Camino, gettando infine uno sguardo anche al ruolo e alla politica di Venezia nei confronti di tale area regionale, prima e dopo la conquista della terraferma.<br>This research is focused on the study of the power forms in the Piave valley between XII and XIII century. The main aim is to represent the relationships between these powers and the territory, especially as far as the reciprocal conditioning of the expansionism politics and regional viability is concerned. After an introduction about the lines of communication between Venice and the mainland, especially the Alemagna way, the analysis has first of all concentrated on the peculiarities of the powers of counts, bishops, local princes and communes of the studied region (chapters I and II); secondly, the research has thrown light upon the relation between the territory and the presences of monasteries and hospices in the area of the Piave valley and Alemagna way (chapter III). The fourth chapter has thoroughly analyzed the peculiarities of the hegemonic domination strategies on the Piave valley, put in practice, with different times and motions, by city-state of Treviso and by the counts da Camino. Before the conclusions, a last paragraph is finally dedicated to the role and to the politic of Venice before and after the conquest of the mainland State.
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Hsiung, Ming-Dah, and 熊明德. "To evaluate broadband network corporation’s PVGO (present value of growth opportunity) with 2-step compound real option model -- As an example: Pacific Broadband Corps." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57379491370572780797.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>銘傳大學<br>傳播管理研究所<br>90<br>The global trend of 21 century is the development of Broadband network environment. And one point of peculiarity is, this industry needs a huge investment amount to establish the broadband infrastructure (pioneer stage), base on the highly-density coverage in the area, the content provider and the service provider could make benefit by providing diversity service for all the domain users (business model & marketing stage).
But the traditional evaluation model (like NPV ＆ DCF) cannot exactly forecast the PVGO (present value of growth opportunity) of broadband industry in the pioneer stage. That’s why we use 「Two-step compound real option model」to reflect the correct evaluation of the PVGO in broadband industry.
The approach is case study, and the target of my thesis is Pacific Broadband Corps. This company is one of the top player of cable modem broadband industry in asia.
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Ghosh, Susanta. "Improved Numerical And Numeric-Analytic Schemes In Nonlinear Dynamics And Systems With Finite Rotations." Thesis, 2008. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/682.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with different computational techniques related to some classes of nonlinear response regimes of engineering interest. The work is mainly divided into two parts. In the first part different numeric-analytic integration techniques for nonlinear oscillators are developed. In the second part, procedures for handling arbitrarily large rotations are addressed and a few novel developments are reported in the process.
To begin the first part, we have proposed an explicit numeric-analytic technique, based on the Adomian decomposition method, for integrating strongly nonlinear oscillators. Numerical experiments suggest that this method, like most other numerical techniques, is versatile and can accurately solve strongly nonlinear and chaotic systems with relatively larger step-sizes. It is then demonstrated that the procedure may also be effectively employed for solving two-point boundary value problems with the help of a shooting algorithm. This has been followed up with the derivation and numerical exploration of variants of a recently developed numeric-analytic technique, the multi-step transversal linearization (MTrL), in the context of nonlinear oscillators of relevance in engineering dynamics. A considerable generalization and improvement over the original form of a MTrL strategy is achieved in this study. Finally, we have used the concept of MTrL method on the nonlinear variational (rate) equation corresponding to a nonlinear oscillator and thus derive another family of numeric-analytic techniques, presently referred to as the multi-step tangential linearization (MTnL). A comparison of relative errors through the MTrL and MTnL techniques consistently indicate a superior quality of approximation via the MTrL route.
In the second part of the thesis, a scheme for numerical integration of rigid body rotation is proposed using only rudimentary tensor analysis. The equations of motion are rewritten in terms of rotation vectors lying in same tangent spaces, thereby facilitating vector space operations consistent with the underlying geometric structure of rotation. One of the most important findings of this part of the dissertation is that the existing constant-preserving algorithms are not necessarily accurate enough and may not be ideally applicable to cases wherein numerical accuracy is of primary importance. In contrast, the proposed rotation-algorithms, the higher order ones in particular, are significantly more accurate for conservative rotational systems for reasonably long time. Similar accuracy is expected for dissipative rotational systems as well. The operators relating rotation variables corresponding to different tangent spaces are also investigated and this should provide further insight into the understanding of rotation vector parametrization.
A rotation update is next proposed in terms of rotation vectors. This update, employed along with interpolation of relative rotations, gives a strain-objective and path independent finite element implementation of a geometrically exact beam. The method has the computational advantage of requiring considerably less nodal variables due to the use of rotation vector parametrization. We have proposed a new isoparametric interpolation of nodal quaternions for computing the rotation field within an element. This should be a computationally efficient alternative to the interpolation of local rotations. It has been proved that the proposed interpolation of rotation leads to the objectivity of strain measures. Several numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the frame invariance, path-independence and other superior aspects of the present approach vis-`a-vis the existing methods based on the rotation vector parametrization. It is emphasized that, in order to develop an objective finite element formulation, the use of relative rotation is not mandatory and an interpolation of total rotation variables conforming with the rotation manifold should suffice.
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Ghosh, Susanta. "Improved Numerical And Numeric-Analytic Schemes In Nonlinear Dynamics And Systems With Finite Rotations." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/682.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with different computational techniques related to some classes of nonlinear response regimes of engineering interest. The work is mainly divided into two parts. In the first part different numeric-analytic integration techniques for nonlinear oscillators are developed. In the second part, procedures for handling arbitrarily large rotations are addressed and a few novel developments are reported in the process.
To begin the first part, we have proposed an explicit numeric-analytic technique, based on the Adomian decomposition method, for integrating strongly nonlinear oscillators. Numerical experiments suggest that this method, like most other numerical techniques, is versatile and can accurately solve strongly nonlinear and chaotic systems with relatively larger step-sizes. It is then demonstrated that the procedure may also be effectively employed for solving two-point boundary value problems with the help of a shooting algorithm. This has been followed up with the derivation and numerical exploration of variants of a recently developed numeric-analytic technique, the multi-step transversal linearization (MTrL), in the context of nonlinear oscillators of relevance in engineering dynamics. A considerable generalization and improvement over the original form of a MTrL strategy is achieved in this study. Finally, we have used the concept of MTrL method on the nonlinear variational (rate) equation corresponding to a nonlinear oscillator and thus derive another family of numeric-analytic techniques, presently referred to as the multi-step tangential linearization (MTnL). A comparison of relative errors through the MTrL and MTnL techniques consistently indicate a superior quality of approximation via the MTrL route.
In the second part of the thesis, a scheme for numerical integration of rigid body rotation is proposed using only rudimentary tensor analysis. The equations of motion are rewritten in terms of rotation vectors lying in same tangent spaces, thereby facilitating vector space operations consistent with the underlying geometric structure of rotation. One of the most important findings of this part of the dissertation is that the existing constant-preserving algorithms are not necessarily accurate enough and may not be ideally applicable to cases wherein numerical accuracy is of primary importance. In contrast, the proposed rotation-algorithms, the higher order ones in particular, are significantly more accurate for conservative rotational systems for reasonably long time. Similar accuracy is expected for dissipative rotational systems as well. The operators relating rotation variables corresponding to different tangent spaces are also investigated and this should provide further insight into the understanding of rotation vector parametrization.
A rotation update is next proposed in terms of rotation vectors. This update, employed along with interpolation of relative rotations, gives a strain-objective and path independent finite element implementation of a geometrically exact beam. The method has the computational advantage of requiring considerably less nodal variables due to the use of rotation vector parametrization. We have proposed a new isoparametric interpolation of nodal quaternions for computing the rotation field within an element. This should be a computationally efficient alternative to the interpolation of local rotations. It has been proved that the proposed interpolation of rotation leads to the objectivity of strain measures. Several numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the frame invariance, path-independence and other superior aspects of the present approach vis-`a-vis the existing methods based on the rotation vector parametrization. It is emphasized that, in order to develop an objective finite element formulation, the use of relative rotation is not mandatory and an interpolation of total rotation variables conforming with the rotation manifold should suffice.
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Vancl, Kryštof. "Ornament Struktura a znak." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-300142.
Full textAbstract:
Vancl, K.: Ornament, structure and sign /MA Dissertation/ Prague 2011, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of education, Art education department The MA dissertation Ornament, structure and sign is a thoughts project, which considers its own topic based on philosophical texts from J. Derrida, M. Foucalt and J. Patočka. Ornament as a topic includes its fundamental questions, what is and how ornament appears today. Immanently there is an expression of ornament, which marks an order of repetition and an extensive reference to ornament, which masks his culture and society on the other side. Own project is focused on pass over classicism again, find original and discover new meaning of ornament in a structure and sign. True difference of expression and reference became its own detecting, following by next step to ritual meaning and from hear through ornament as repetition and reproduction sign to being in present until to deeper understanding of my-self in personal structure. Thanks to this knowledge seeing beauty of ornament seems to be more valuable. At last the project of ornament brings also theoretical basement for painting and didactic in art education. Key words: ornament, expression and reference, ritual meaning, structure of repetition, presence, phenomenology
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Lee, Cheuk Yu. "Fundamental solution based numerical methods for three dimensional problems: efficient treatments of inhomogeneous terms and hypersingular integrals." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117204.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, fundamental solution based numerical methods
including the meshless method of fundamental solutions (MFS), the
boundary element method (BEM) and the hybrid fundamental solution
based finite element method (HFS-FEM) have become popular for
solving complex engineering problems. The application of such
fundamental solutions is capable of reducing computation
requirements by simplifying the domain integral to the boundary
integral for the homogeneous partial differential equations. The
resulting weak formulations, which are of lower dimensions, are
often more computationally competitive than conventional
domain-type numerical methods such as the finite element method
(FEM) and the finite difference method (FDM).
In the case of inhomogeneous partial differential equations
arising from transient problems or problems involving body
forces, the domain integral related to the inhomogeneous
solutions term will need to be integrated over the interior
domain, which risks losing the competitive edge over the FEM or
FDM. To overcome this, a particular treatment to the
inhomogeneous term is needed in the solution procedure so that
the integral equation can be defined for the boundary. In
practice, particular solutions in approximated form are usually
applied rather than the closed form solutions, due to their
robustness and readiness. Moreover, special numerical treatment
may be required when evaluating stress directly on the domain
surface which may give rise to hypersingular integral
formulation. This thesis will discuss how the MFS and the BEM can
be applied to the three-dimensional elastic problems subjected to
body forces by introducing the compactly supported radial basis
functions in addition to the efficient treatment of hypersingular
surface integrals. The present meshless approach with the MFS and
the compactly supported radial basis functions is later extended
to solve transient and coupled problems for three-dimensional
porous media simulation.
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RECCHI, Simonetta. "THE ROLE OF HUMAN DIGNITY AS A VALUE TO PROMOTE ACTIVE AGEING IN THE ENTERPRISES." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251122.
Full textAbstract:
Ogni azienda che si riconosca socialmente responsabile deve occuparsi dello sviluppo delle carriere dei propri dipendenti da due punti di vista: quello individuale e personale e quello professionale. La carriera all’interno di un’azienda coinvolge, infatti, la persona in quanto individuo con un proprio carattere e una precisa identità e la persona in quanto lavoratore con un bagaglio specifico di conoscenze e competenze.
L’azienda ha, quindi, il compito di promuovere carriere professionalmente stimolanti che si sviluppino in linea con i suoi stessi valori, la sua visione e la sua missione.
Nel panorama moderno, aziende che sviluppano la propria idea di business nel rispetto dei lavoratori proponendo loro un percorso di crescita, si mostrano senza dubbio lungimiranti.
Un tale approccio, però, non basta a far sì che vengano definite socialmente responsabili. I fattori della Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa sono infatti numerosi e, ad oggi, uno dei problemi principali da affrontare è quello del progressivo invecchiamento della popolazione. Dal momento che la forza lavoro mondiale sta invecchiando e che si sta rispondendo al problema spostando la linea del pensionamento, tutte le aziende sono obbligate a mantenere le persone il più a lungo possibile attive e motivate a lavoro.
L’età è spesso visto come un fattore di diversità e di discriminazione, ma nello sviluppare la mia argomentazione, cercherò di dimostrare che una politica del lavoro che supporti l’idea dell’invecchiamento attivo può trasformare questo fattore da limite in opportunità.
Il rispetto degli esseri umani, a prescindere dalle differenze legate all’età, dovrebbe essere uno dei valori fondanti di ogni impresa.
Nel primo capitolo della tesi, svilupperò il tema della dignità umana così come è stato concepito a partire dalla filosofia greca fino alla modernità. La dignità intesa come valore ontologico, legato all’essenza dell’uomo, diventerà con Kant il fattore di uguaglianza tra tutti gli esseri viventi, la giustificazione del rispetto reciproco.
Il concetto di dignità verrà, poi, definito nel secondo capitolo come il principale valore che deve ispirare l’azione sociale delle imprese, come l’elemento che garantisce il rispetto di ogni dipendente che prima ancora di essere un lavoratore è un essere umano. La dignità è ciò che rende l’essere umano degno di essere considerato un fine in se stesso piuttosto che un mezzo per il raggiungimento di un fine esterno.
Nell’era della globalizzazione, dove il denaro è il valore principale, gli esseri umani rischiano di diventare un mezzo al servizio dell’economia. A questo punto, il rispetto della dignità deve divenire il fondamento di un ambiente di lavoro che promuove la crescita e la fioritura dell’essere umano.
Nel secondo capitolo cercherò quindi di dimostrare come l’idea di dignità possa promuovere un management “umanistico” centrato sul rispetto dell’essere umano.
Un’impresa socialmente responsabile può promuovere il rispetto di ogni lavoratore se fa propri i valori di dignità e uguaglianza. Attraverso la teoria dello Humanistic Management che veicola tali valori, il lavoro diventa un luogo in cui l’uomo può esprimere se stesso, la sua identità, le sue conoscenze e competenze. Inoltre, dal momento che la popolazione sta invecchiando, le aziende devono farsi carico della forza lavoro più anziana, come è emerso sopra.
A questo punto, nel terzo capitolo, il concetto della Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa sarà analizzato nel suo legame con i temi dell’invecchiamento attivo e della diversità sul posto di lavoro. Conosciamo diverse ragioni di differenza a lavoro: genere, cultura, etnia, competenze, ma qui ci concentreremo sul fattore età.
È naturale che i lavoratori anziani abbiano un’idea di lavoro diversa da quella dei giovani e che le loro abilità siano differenti. Ma questa diversità non deve essere valutata come migliore o peggiore: essa dipende da fattori che analizzeremo e che l’impresa socialmente responsabile conosce e valorizza per creare un ambiente di lavoro stimolante e collaborativo, eliminando possibili conflitti intergenerazionali.
Alcune delle teorie che permettono di raggiungere tali obiettivi sono il Diversity Management e l’Age Management: ogni impresa può promuovere pratiche per valorizzare gli anziani, permettendo loro di rimanere più a lungo attivi e proattivi a lavoro e di condividere le proprie conoscenze e competenze.
L’ultimo capitolo della tesi si concentrerà su un caso di azienda italiana che ha sviluppato uno strumento di valorizzazione di collaboratori over 65.
Sto parlando della Loccioni, presso cui ho svolto la ricerca applicata e che promuove il progetto Silverzone, un network di persone in pensione che hanno conosciuto l’azienda nel corso della loro carriera e che continuano a collaborare con essa ancora dopo il pensionamento.
Per capire l’impatto qualitativo e quantitativo che il progetto ha sull’azienda, ho portato avanti un’analisi qualitativa dei dati ottenuti grazie a due tipi di questionari.
Il primo ha visto il coinvolgimento dei 16 managers della Loccioni a cui sono state sottoposte le seguenti domande:
1. Chi sono i silver nella tua area di business? Quali i progetti in cui essi sono coinvolti?
2. Qual è il valore del loro supporto per l’azienda? E, allo stesso tempo, quali sono le difficoltà che possono incontrarsi durante queste collaborazioni?
3. Qual è la frequenza degli incontri con i silver?
4. Perché l’azienda ha bisogno di questo network?
Successivamente, ho sottoposto un altro questionario agli 81 silver della rete. Di seguito i dettagli:
1. Qual è il tuo nome?
2. Dove sei nato?
3. Dove vivi?
4. Qual è stato il tuo percorso formativo?
5. Qual è stata la tua carriera professionale?
6. Come e con chi è avvenuto il primo contatto Loccioni?
7. Come sei venuto a conoscenza del progetto Silverzone?
8. Con quali dei collaboratori Loccioni stai lavorando?
9. In quali progetti sei coinvolto?
10. Potresti descrivere il progetto in tre parole?
11. Che significato ha per te fare parte di questa rete?
12. Nella tua opinione, come deve essere il Silver?
13. Che tipo di relazioni hai con i collaboratori Loccioni?
14. Quali dimensioni umane (dono, relazione, comunità, rispetto) e professionali (innovazione, tecnologia, rete) emergono lavorando in questo progetto?
Il progetto Silverzone è sicuramente una buona pratica di Age Management per mantenere più a lungo attivi i lavoratori over 65. I progetti in cui i Silver sono coinvolti hanno un importante impatto economico sull’impresa, in termini di investimento ma anche di guadagno. Ad ogni modo, qui la necessità di fare profitto, stando a quanto è emerso dai risultati delle interviste, è subordinata al più alto valore del rispetto dei bisogni umani che diventa garante di un posto di lavoro comfortable, dove si riesce a stringere relazioni piacevoli, collaborative e produttive.