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1

Hussain Rather, Dr Shakir, Dr Niveda ., and Dr Salman bhai Karbhari. "Storage Media for Avulsed Tooth-A Review." Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research 5, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjbr.2020.v05i11.008.

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2

Mohanty, Susant, and Antarmayee Panigrahi. "Storage Media to Preserve the Avulsed Tooth." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 11 (2019): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.03506.x.

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Hussain Rather, Dr Shakir, Dr Niveda ., and Dr Salman bhai Karbhari. "Storage Media for Avulsed Tooth-A Review." Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research 5, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjbr.2020.v05i11.008.

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4

Khinda, Vineet IS, Gurlal S. Brar, Shiminder Kallar, and Heena Khurana. "Clinical and Practical Implications of Storage Media used for Tooth Avulsion." International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 10, no. 2 (2017): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1427.

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ABSTRACT Replantation is being widely accepted as an effective treatment option for an avulsed tooth. However, the long-term fate of replanted teeth is unpredictable; it is dependent on various factors, such as the time interval between avulsion and replantation, extra-alveolar storage period (dry storage or storage media), the vitality status of pulp or periodontal tissues and the type and period of splinting. The appropriate use of storage media is an important clinical factor affecting the postoperative prognosis of avulsed teeth following replantation. Hank's balanced salt solution and pasteurized milk are considered to be the most appropriate and clinically recommended storage media for avulsed teeth. The present review discusses the various available storage media for avulsed teeth and their potential maintenance of the vitality of periodontal ligament cells. A brief overview of the effect of clinical factors, such as the storage time, pH, and the osmolarity of storage media on their efficacy is included. How to cite this article Khinda VIS, Kaur G, Brar GS, Kallar S, Khurana H. Clinical and Practical Implications of Storage Media used for Tooth Avulsion. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):158-165.
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Jain, Deepika, Sandesh Nagarajappa, and PralhadL Dasar. "Natural products as storage media for avulsed tooth." Saudi Endodontic Journal 5, no. 2 (2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-5984.155448.

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6

M, Roma, and Shreya Hegde. "CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TRANSPORT MEDIA FOR AVULSED TEETH: AN UPDATE." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.15663.

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Dental avulsion is one of the common types of trauma that results in the complete displacement of tooth from the alveolar socket. Although the ideal treatment would be the immediate reimplantation of the tooth at the site where the trauma took place, this may not be practically possible in every case. Hence, the avulsed tooth may have to be placed in an appropriate storage or transport medium until it is reimplanted. The biological properties of the storage medium have a significant impact on the success of reimplantation, as it must be capable of preserving the vitality, clonogenic, and mitogenic ability of the periodontal ligament cells for successful reimplantation.Keywords: Dental trauma, Avulsed teeth, Storage media, Periodontal ligament cell viability, Transport media.
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Poi, Wilson Roberto, Celso Koogi Sonoda, Christine Men Martins, Moriel Evangelista Melo, Eduardo Pizza Pellizzer, Marcos Rogério de Mendonça, and Sônia Regina Panzarini. "Storage Media For Avulsed Teeth: A Literature Review." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 5 (October 2013): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302297.

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Dental avulsion is the most severe type of traumatic tooth injuries because it causes damage to several structures and results in the complete displacement of the tooth from its socket in the alveolar bone. The ideal situation is to replant an exarticulated tooth immediately after avulsion because the extraoral time is a determinant factor for treatment success and for a good prognosis. However, it is not always possible. The success of replantation depends on a number of factors that may contribute to accelerate or minimize the occurrence of root resorption or ankylosis, among which is the type and characteristics of the medium used for temporary storage during the time elapsed between avulsion and replantation. Maintaining the tooth in an adequate wet medium that can preserve, as longer as possible, the vitality of the periodontal ligament cells that remain on root surface is the key to success of replantation. Recent research has led to the development of storage media that produce conditions that closely resemble the original socket environment, with adequate osmolality (cell pressure), pH, nutritional metabolites and glucose, and thus create the best possible conditions for storage. Although these storage media can now be purchased in the form of retail products, the most common scenario is that such a product will not be readily available at the moment of the accident This paper reviews the literature on the different storage media that have been investigated for avulsed teeth based on full-length papers retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, BBO and SciELO electronic databases using the key words ‘storage medium’, ‘transportation medium’, ‘avulsion’, ‘tooth avulsion’, ‘replantation’, ‘tooth replantation’, ‘milk’ and ‘propolis’. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 papers were selected and critically reviewed with respect to the characteristics, efficacy and ease of access of the storage medium. The review of the literature showed that a wide array of types of wet storage media have been evaluated in laboratory studies and clinical reports, including cell and tissue culture solutions like Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS); medical/hospital products developed specifically for organ storage purposes, such as Viaspan® and Euro-Collins®; culture media, like Minimum Essential Medium (MEM); saline; natural products like water, saliva, bovine milk and its variations, propolis, green tea, Morus rubra (red mulberry), egg white and coconut water; rehydrating solutions, like Gatorade® and Ricetral, and even contact lens solutions. Based on the literature, it could be stated that, so far, apart from Based on the literature, it could be stated that, so far, apart from solutions designed specifically for storage and culture purposes, regular pasteurized whole milk is the most frequently recommended and with the best prognosis among other solutions that are likely to be available at the scene of an accident, such as water, saline or saliva. Its advantages include its high availability, ready accessibility, physiologically compatible pH and osmolality (fluid pressure) with the root-surface adhered PDL cells, presence of nutrients and growth factors. However, there is not yet a single solution that fulfills all requirements to be considered as the ideal medium for temporary storage of avulsed teeth, and research on this field should carry on.
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Khademi, Abbas Ali, Saeed Saei, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri, Nooshin Mirkheshti, Fatima Ghassami, Nakisa Torabi nia, and Sayyed Ali Alavi. "A New Storage Medium for an Avulsed Tooth." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 9, no. 6 (2008): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-9-6-25.

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Aim The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of egg white in maintaining the viability of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells on avulsed teeth. Methods and Materials The experimental media were: egg white, milk, Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) as the positive control, and tap water as the negative control. The storage times were 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours. Extracted premolar teeth of healthy individuals were rinsed in the media. After trypsinization and subsequent treatment in collagenase, cell viability was determined using trypan blue staining. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical test was used to compare the results among different media. Results There was no difference in the cell viability between egg white and HBSS media, but there was a statistically significant difference between the viability of PDL cells in egg white medium in comparison with milk (P<0.05) and water (P<0.05). Conclusion Egg white could be suggested as a suitable storage medium. Its principle advantage is its availability. Citation Khademi AA, Saei S, Mohajeri MR, Mirkheshti N, Ghassami F, Torabi nia N, Alavi SA. A New Storage Medium for an Avulsed Tooth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:025-032.
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9

Tezel, Huseyin, Cigdem Atalayin, and Gul Kayrak. "Replantation after traumatic avulsion." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 02 (April 2013): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.110192.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this report is to present the case of an accidentally avulsed maxillary central incisor kept in saline solution from the moment of trauma until its replantation 3 h later in a 13-year-old girl. The avulsed tooth was replanted back into the alveolar socket and splinted with composite resin. Calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing was used to prevent inflammatory root resorption. Radiographic and clinical examinations were performed during 27 months follow-up. During the 15 months follow-up period, the tooth remained in a stable functional position and did not reveal replacement resorption. But mild infraocclusion and root resorption were developed 21 months after replantation. The amount of damage to tooth and supporting structures, emergency treatment and follow-up period play a role in the prognosis of the avulsed tooth. It can be recommended to keep the avulsed tooth in saline solution at least when more appropriate storage media are not on handle immediately.
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Tuna, Elif B., Duygu Yaman, and Seiko Yamamato. "What is the Best Root Surface Treatment for Avulsed Teeth?" Open Dentistry Journal 8, no. 1 (September 29, 2014): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601408010175.

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Dental avulsion is the most severe type of traumatic tooth injuries since it causes damage to several structures and results in avulsion of the tooth from its socket. Management protocols for avulsed teeth should include management of the pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in order to improve the long-term prognosis and survival of these teeth. The prognosis of the treatment as well as the survival of an avulsed tooth depends on intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the duration of the tooth’s extra-alveolar period, replantation time, the type of storage medium, PDL status and duration of splinting. Recent research has led to the development of storage media. However, there is not yet a single solution that fulfills all requirements to be considered as the ideal medium for temporary storage of avulsed teeth, and research on this field should carry on. On the other hand in case of delayed replantation, due to the great risk of tooth loss after avulsion, different root surface treatments have been proposed to prevent and delay root resorption before replantation. For this purpose, researchers have applied some different root surface treatment modalities in delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. Several protocols have been used to maintain PDL viability; some involve fluorides, steroids, sodium alendronate, enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2). Among these applications, bFGF shows promising results in the regeneration of natural tooth structures and tissues. Better understanding of mechanism of bFGF may help to improve new technologies of regeneration of tooth structures.
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Khan, Dr Mohsin, and Dr Mridul Sharma. "Comparison of efficacy of different storage media for an avulsed tooth." International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/oral.2020.v6.i3h.1006.

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12

Bhat, ShamS, SundeepK Hegde, SharanS Sargod, Ajay Rao, and Nanditha Hegde. "GC Tooth Mousse Plus: A potential storage media for avulsed teeth." Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-4848.183347.

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Wahluyo, Soegeng, Tania Saskianti, Wahyudi Sudarsono, and Putu Harlia Ernestine Harta. "Management of Avulsed Teeth using Fixed Orthodontics Appliances and Fiber Splint: A Case Series." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 1, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v1i1.2018.14-17.

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Background: Tooth avulsion is defined as the complete displacement of the tooth out of its alveolar socket. The treatment of choice is immediate replantation or if that is not possible, placement of the tooth in an appropriate storage media. Purpose: This paper reported of two cases of treatment management in children who experienced avulsion of the upper central incisor. The first and the second case, discuss about tooth that has been avulsed for 20 hours of unsterilized storage and 4 hours of storage in milk. Case Management: Replantation of those teeth were done by root canal treatment outside the oral cavity first. For the first case followed by splinting method using fixed orthodontics appliances, and for the second case followed by splinting using fiber and composite. Discussion: Evaluation were done every week, until 3 months after replantation to see the the success of the treatment. The progress of two cases with different situation showed good results. Conclusion: The case showed that the tooth that has been avulsed for 20 hours of unsterilized storage and 4 hours of storage in milk could have good prognosis.
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Babaji, Prashant, Mahesh Melkundi, Raghu Devanna, Suresh B. S., Vishwajit Rampratap Chaurasia, and Gopinath P. V. "In vitro comparative evaluation of different storage media (hank's balanced salt solution, propolis, Aloe vera, and pomegranate juice) for preservation of avulsed tooth." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 01 (January 2017): 071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_101_16.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: Prognosis of the avulsed teeth is mostly affected by extraoral dry period and storage medium used to store teeth before reimplantation. However, ability of storage media can affect cell viability and success of treatment. Various storage media were tried with some success. The present study was undertaken to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), propolis, Aloe vera, and pomegranate juice (PJ) in preserving the vitality of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells of avulsed teeth. Materials and Methods: Fifty orthodontically extracted sound teeth with healthy PDL were selected for the present study. Selected teeth were randomly divided into study groups (10 in each) and 5 each as positive and negative control groups. All the teeth were immersed immediately after extraction into respective storage media. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS software for Windows, Version 19.0., IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA. Analysis of variance and multiple range were done using Tukey's honestly significant difference with level of significance at 5% (P > 0.05). Results: Propolis (285,000 viable cells with standard deviation 4.11028 and standard error of 1.38097) showed more viable PDL cells followed by HBSS, A. vera, and PJ. Conclusion: Propolis, A. vera, and PJ can be used as an alternative tooth storage media.
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França, Alline Batistussi, Ana Carolina dos Santos Neves, Alfredo Franco Queiroz, Wilson Roberto Poi, and Mirian Marubayashi Hidalgo. "Evaluation of dentists’ knowledge on urgency conduct for avulsed teeth." Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences 41 (July 4, 2019): e44400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascihealthsci.v41i1.44400.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of dentists in the city of Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil, relative to the management of avulsed teeth. According to the sample calculation, 96 professionals, who were not specialists in Endodontics or oral and maxillofacial surgery, were selected by random draw. The method chosen for verifying their knowledge was the application of a questionnaire composed of multiple choice questions. The data obtained were analyzed by the Exact Fisher test. Among the results obtained, we point out that the definition of tooth avulsion was correctly answered by 99%; 50% indicated milk; 49% saliva; 40% physiological solution, and 7% water as storage media; 52% would use rigid splinting as a fixation method; and for 72% the ideal time of containment procedures would be 60 days. There was association between the years of experience of the professionals with management of cases of tooth avulsion (p = 0.04555). The authors concluded that the dentists in the city of Maringá, State of Paraná, did not demonstrate good knowledge about the procedures to be adopted for management of avulsed teeth. Misunderstandings were observed relative to the appropriate method of storing the avulsed tooth and the type of splinting procedure most indicated for stabilizing the reimplanted tooth.
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Hussain, Afraa, Raghad Hashim, and Aisha Khamees. "Knowledge of tooth avulsion first aid management among parents residing in UAE." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (June 15, 2020): e206950. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8656950.

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of parents visiting a specialized dental center in Ajman on permanent tooth avulsion and the required first aid procedure to achieve better prognoses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ajman Emirate, UAE. Three hundred eighty-eight parents from three nationalities (Emirati, Egyptian and Indian) residing in UAE answered a constructed questionnaire that included demographic information related to the participants and questions related to permanent tooth avulsion and the required first steps for its management. Results: Study findings reflect deficiencies in the following areas. Of the 388 parents, (236, 60.8%) had poor knowledge about permanent tooth avulsion. Parents who had previous knowledge obtained information from unsupported sources, such as friends (145, 37.4%). Out of 388 parents, (324, and 83.5%) would not replant the tooth. Finally, the majority of the participants did not know the proper media to store the avulsed permanent tooth with one-third of parents choosing cotton or water (142, 36.6%). Conclusion: This study showed a lack of knowledge regarding permanent tooth avulsion among parents from the major nationalities residing in UAE. However, the respondents represent major differences regarding related to knowledge, replant, and storage of avulsed permanent teeth.
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Patil, Anand, Apporva S.B, Mangla T.M, Prahlad Saraf, and Rashmi Chincholi. "Evaluation of Placentrex as a novel storage medium for avulsions: an invitro study." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 9, no. 06 (June 11, 2021): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v9i06.mp01.

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ABSTRACT Tooth avulsion is one of the common traumatic injury results in complete extrarticulation of tooth from its socket since resulting in damage to the periodontal tissues. Maintaining viability of the periodontal cells remains a challenge to the clinician to reimplant the avulsed tooth. Since various avulsion media are used in dentistry a novel medium Placentrex derived from 0.1 gm. of fresh term, sterilized, infection-free human placenta which has unique pharmacological effects like enhancement of wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic effect is compared with HBSS and Propolis media in freshly extracted, non carious, non restored, periodontal diseases free human teeth which are indicated for orthodontic treatment purposes were used. The extracted teeth were placed in the enzyme solution to facilitate detachment of the cells and after ten minutes teeth were removed and 1 ml of solution were collected through micropipette and centrifuged. The stained cells were counted in Neubauer’s chamber under a light microscope at 10× magnification. Conclusion: Placentrex maintained PDL cell viability almost similar to Propolis and significantly better than HBSS. KEY WORDS : Avulsions, Avulsion media, HBSS, Reimplantation,
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Martins, Christine Men, Elizane Ferreira Hamanaka, Thayse Yumi Hoshida, Ana Maria Sell, Mirian Marubayashi Hidalgo, Catarina Soares Silveira, and Wilson Roberto Poi. "Dragon's Blood Sap (Croton Lechleri) As Storage Medium For Avulsed Teeth: In Vitro Study Of Cell Viability." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 6 (December 2016): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600987.

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Abstract Tooth replantation success depends on the condition of cementum periodontal ligament after tooth avulsion; which is influenced by storage medium. The dragon's blood (Croton lechleri) sap has been suggested as a promising medium because it supports collagen formation and exhibits healing, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dragon's blood sap as a storage medium for avulsed teeth through evaluation of functional and metabolic cell viability. This in vitro study compared the efficacy of different storage media to maintain the viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear and periodontal ligament cells. A 10% dragon's blood sap was tested while PBS was selected as its control. Ultra pasteurized whole milk was used for comparison as a commonly used storage medium. DMEM and distilled water were the positive and negative controls, respectively. The viability was assessed through trypan blue exclusion test and colorimetric MTT assay after 1, 3, 6, 10 and 24 h of incubation. The dragon's blood sap showed promising results due to its considerable maintenance of cell viability. For trypan blue test, the dragon's blood sap was similar to milk (p<0.05) and both presented the highest viability values. For MTT, the dragon's blood sap showed better results than all storage media, even better than milk (p<0.05). It was concluded that the dragon's blood sap was as effective as milk, the gold standard for storage medium. The experimental sap preserved the membrane of all cells and the functional viability of periodontal ligament cells.
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Mesquita, Gabriela Campos, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura, Marina Guimarães Roscoe, Saul Martins Paiva, and Carlos José Soares. "A 12-Year Retrospective Study of Avulsion Cases in a Public Brazilian Dental Trauma Service." Brazilian Dental Journal 28, no. 6 (December 2017): 749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201701610.

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Abstract This study assessed the epidemiological characteristics and management of the permanent teeth avulsion cases attended in a Brazilian dental trauma service from December 2005 to August 2016. A retrospective study was conducted of case records of 93 patients involving 139 avulsed teeth. Data included sex, age, trauma etiology, location of the accident, number and position of avulsed teeth, and presence and type of associated traumatic lesions. Management of the avulsed teeth was addressed as: time elapsed until teeth were retrieved from the accident’s location; teeth’s cleaning method and storage media; time elapsed until seeking treatment and replantation. The majority of the patients were children from 6-10 (31.2%) and 11-15 years old (26.9%). Male patients were more affected than female. Bicycle accident was the main etiological factor (31.2%). In 56 (60.2%) cases, traumatic lesions to neighboring teeth were present. In 55 (59.1%) cases, lesions to adjacent soft tissues were reported. In 82 (88.2%) cases, patients requested treatment at the same day of the accident. Sixty-four teeth (46.0%) were immediately retrieved and 28 (20.1%) were not found. Forty-two teeth (30.2%) were kept dry. Only one tooth (0.7%) was immediately replanted at the accident’s site, while 51 teeth (36.7%) were not replanted. Numerous avulsed teeth were inappropriately managed and immediate replantation was not frequent. Public policies must be created to raise awareness towards the particularities of avulsion cases.
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Hassan, Syazwani, Nur Nabila Zulkifly, Annapurny Venkiteswaran, and Rohaida Abdul Halim. "Knowledge and Attitude of Teachers in Selected Malaysian Primary School towards Dental Injuries." Scientific Research Journal 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v15i2.5480.

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To ascertain the level of knowledge among primary school teachers towards the management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in school and to determine the preference among teachers regarding the education tools that can be used to increase awareness and knowledge among them. A total of 150 teachers from primary schools in three different districts were included in the study and they were given self-administered questionnaires to be filled. The validated questionnaire was distributed randomly in the selected schools. The questionnaire included two scenarios comprising of tooth fracture and avulsion. Questions regarding awareness and management of these scenarios were asked. All 150 participants answered the questionnaire; of these 74% were females 26% were males. 64% of the participants had received tertiary education. Although 70% of teachers had obtained first aid training, only 9.3% of them had received training regrading dental injuries. About 53% of participants knew the correct answer for the appropriate response to fractured tooth and only 35.3% managed to correctly answer the question related to appropriate response to an avulsed tooth. Only 38.7% knew about appropriate rinsing solution and a mere 4.7% were familiar with proper storage media. Even though the teachers have poor knowledge regarding management of dental injuries, it is reassuring to know that 93% of them are keen on further training and awareness. More educational programmes need to be introduced to empower the teachers with the relevant knowledge required to deal with dental emergencies.
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Hassan, Syazwani, Nur Nabila Zulkifly, Annapurny Venkiteswaran, and Rohaida Abdul Halim. "Knowledge and Attitude of Teachers in Selected Malaysian Primary School towards Dental Injuries." Scientific Research Journal 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v15i2.9350.

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To ascertain the level of knowledge among primary school teachers towards the management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in school and to determine the preference among teachers regarding the education tools that can be used to increase awareness and knowledge among them. A total of 150 teachers from primary schools in three different districts were included in the study and they were given self-administered questionnaires to be filled. The validated questionnaire was distributed randomly in the selected schools. The questionnaire included two scenarios comprising of tooth fracture and avulsion. Questions regarding awareness and management of these scenarios were asked. All 150 participants answered the questionnaire; of these 74% were females 26% were males. 64% of the participants had received tertiary education. Although 70% of teachers had obtained first aid training, only 9.3% of them had received training regrading dental injuries. About 53% of participants knew the correct answer for the appropriate response to fractured tooth and only 35.3% managed to correctly answer the question related to appropriate response to an avulsed tooth. Only 38.7% knew about appropriate rinsing solution and a mere 4.7% were familiar with proper storage media. Even though the teachers have poor knowledge regarding management of dental injuries, it is reassuring to know that 93% of them are keen on further training and awareness. More educational programmes need to be introduced to empower the teachers with the relevant knowledge required to deal with dental emergencies.
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Fulzele, Punit, Sudhindra Baliga, Nilima Thosar, and Debaprya Pradhan. "Evaluation of Aloevera Gel as a Storage Medium in Maintaining the Viability of Periodontal Ligament Cells - An in Vitro Study." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.1.49.

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Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of aloevera gel as a new storage medium in maintaining the viability of periodontal ligament cells. Study design: Premolars extracted for orthodontic reason were obtained. Confluent monolayers of fibroblasts were grown by cell culture method from the PDL cells isolated from the extracted teeth. One ml of this cell suspension was transferred to wells of culture plates, incubated for 24 hrs, followed by exposure to the three experimental media, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), aloevera gel, and packaged drinking water. These plates were then assessed for viable cells using trypan blue dye exclusion test with haemocytometer after 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mins. The results obtained were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: At 15 min, HBSS presented maximum mean percentage of viable PDL cells (89%), followed by aloevera at 81% and packaged drinking water at 10%. Aloevera demonstrated 71%, 59%, 57% viable cells at 30, 60, 90 mins respectively. At 120 min, HBSS presented 57% viable cells followed by aloevera gel (45%) and packaged drinking water (3%). No statistical significant difference was observed between HBSS and aloevera gel. Conclusions: Within the parameters of this study, both aloevera gel and HBSS were effective in maintaining the viability of PDL cells. Hence, aloevera gel could be used as a storage media for avulsed tooth in situations where availability of HBSS is in question.
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Al-Nazhan, Saad, and Afaf Al-Nasser. "Viability of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts in Tissue Culture After Exposure to Different Contact Lens Solutions." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 4 (2006): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-4-37.

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Abstract Aim The viability of the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is critical for successful healing of replanted avulsed teeth. Viability is primarily dependent on the duration of the extra-alveolar time and storage medium used to preserve teeth. Several storage media have been suggested but milk ranks highest. It would be desirable to evaluate other media as a suitable alternative for milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of human PDL fibroblasts and their morphology after storage in different types of contact lens solutions. Methods and Materials PDL fibroblasts were cultured from a healthy extracted impacted human tooth and exposed to Bausch and Lomb (Renu), Ciba Vision (Titmus), and Alcon (Opti-free) contact lens solutions. Eagle's minimal essential medium served as control. The experiment was performed in plastic tissue culture clusters containing 24 wells. The PDL fibroblasts were grown in each well for three days. On the day of the experiment the culture medium was decanted, the cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS), and 1 ml of the tested solution was placed in each culture well. All tissue culture clusters were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 and 95% air for one, four, and 24 hrs. At the end of the incubation period, the cells were fixed and prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination. Results The results indicated Renu and Opti-free solutions were superior to Titmus solution in terms of their capacity to maintain the viability and normal morphology of PDL fibroblasts. Conclusion Contact lens solution is a good storage medium to maintain the viability of PDL fibroblasts for a short-term period. Citation Al-Nazhan S, Al-Nasser A. Viability of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts in Tissue Culture After Exposure to Different Contact Lens Solutions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:037-044.
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KK, RidhunUnnikrishnan. "VARIOUS TRANSPORT MEDIA FOR AVULSED TOOTH: A REVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/6427.

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Chaudhary, Sanjeeb, Bhawana Adhikari, Asmita Poudel, Shishir Poudel, and Rajib Chaulagain. "Knowledge of Emergency Management of Avulsed Tooth Among Dental Surgeons of Chitwan." Nepal Medical Journal 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37080/nmj.126.

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Introduction: Prognosis of an avulsed tooth depends on timely and correct management. Therefore, knowledge about the emergency management of an avulsed tooth among dentists is very important. The study was aimed to access the knowledge of emergency management of avulsed tooth among the dental surgeons of Chitwan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the dental surgeons in Chitwan using a questionnaire containing 12 items. Only 105 dental surgeons participated in the study. Data was entered into Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 16 and was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most of the dentist 71.4% were familiar with the correct management of the avulsed tooth before replantation. Regarding storage medium, most of the dentist 44.4% correctly choose Hank’s balanced salt solution, while 21.9% choose saliva as the best storage medium for an avulsed tooth. Similarly, 47.6% of the dentist rightly choose that less than 30 minutes was the extra alveolar critical time, while 35.2 % suggested it to be within an hour. More than half of the dentists 51.4% preferred stainless-steel wire to be the method of splinting after replantation. However, most of the dentists 75.2% correctly recommended splinting for a duration of 15 days. Almost half of the dentist 49.5% agreed that the tooth with open apex had better prognosis. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the dental surgeons do have knowledge regarding emergency management of an avulsed tooth. However, with time they need to update themselves their knowledge of dental traumatology.
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Tufenkci, Pelin, Fatma Canbolat, Berkan Celikten, and Semra Sevimay. "Reimplantation of an avulsed tooth after five hours of storage in milk: One-year follow-up case report." Case Reports in Internal Medicine 4, no. 4 (November 14, 2017): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/crim.v4n4p48.

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Dental avulsion is the complete displacement of a tooth from the alveolar socket due to trauma. Reimplantation is the procedure by which an avulsed tooth is replaced. The prognosis of reimplantation depends on several factors, the most important of which are the length of time that elapses between the trauma and reimplantation and how the tooth is stored. The most preferable management procedure for an avulsion is immediate reimplantation within 20-30 min after injury or preservation in an appropriate storage medium until the procedure. If the tooth cannot be immediately replanted, it should be stored in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution, milk, saliva, or saline solution. Milk is readily available and can protect periodontal ligament cells. In this case report, a 30-year-old male patient suffered a sports injury that resulted in avulsion of the right maxillary incisor. The avulsed tooth was stored in milk for 5 h from avulsion until reimplantation. This case report details reimplantation of an avulsed tooth.
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Mejía Fernández, Pedro P., and Keyla De la Hoz Fonseca. "Media storage for avulsed teeth. A review." Salud Uninorte 33, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/sun.33.3.10933.

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Dahong, Fonny, and Lies Wahyuni Winarso. "Reimplantasi gigi avulsi Reimplantation of avulsed teeth." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v11i2.324.

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It is well known dental reimplantation is indicated following traumatic avulsion by the preservation of vitality in theperiodontal ligament with condition asepsis. Reimplantation refers to the insertion and temporary of completely orpartially avulsed teeth that have resulted from traumatic injury. Dental reimplantation of an avulsed tooth dependson certain clinical conditions like physiological status of periodontal ligament, the stage of root development andthe length of extra oral time. Depending on the patient’s age, retention of the permanent incisor can maintain theaesthetic appearance, occlusal function and alveolar ridge height. Though the risk of progressive replacementresorption and subsequent tooth loss is high after a long dry storage. This article presents management of one casewith avulsed permanent incisors that were storage in dry condition for seventeen hours
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Kim, Gyulim, Seunghye Kim, and Yonjoo Mah. "Awareness of Caregivers, Emergency Medical Technicians, and Emergency Medical Doctors about the Storage Media for Avulsed Teeth." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY 47, no. 3 (August 31, 2020): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5933/jkapd.2020.47.3.303.

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The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of caregivers, emergency medical technicians, and emergency medical doctors by investigating the storage media for avulsed teeth at the trauma site. This study was performed by reviewing medical records of 183 patients with the age under 17 years old, who visited Ajou University Hospital for dental trauma. Based on their medical records, storage media for avulsed permanent teeth were investigated by classifying them as dry, milk, saline, saliva and tap water. The storage media chosen by caregivers at the trauma site were classified as cases by parents and school nurse teachers. Storage media chosen by emergency medical technicians and emergency medical doctors were also investigated using the same classification criteria. The results show that both parents and school nurse teachers used milk the most as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. Dry storage was the second most chosen medium by parents, and saline by nurse teacher. As a storage media emergency medical technicians used saline the most, while emergency medical doctors used only saline when they failed to replant avulsed teeth. There is a need to improve the knowledge of caregivers, emergency medical technicians, and emergency medical doctors regarding the storage media for avulsed teeth.
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Alaslami, Redhwan Abdullah, Fahiem M. M. Elshamy, Essamet M. Maamar, and Yahya H. Ghazwani. "Awareness about Management of Tooth Avulsion among Dentists in Jazan, Saudi Arabia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 1712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.299.

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AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness amongst dentists working in Jazan, a city in K.S.A., about their potential role in the treatment of traumatic tooth avulsion injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed and all dentists in Jazan, K.S.A. were invited to participate in this study. Data was collected through a self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 200 dental practitioners answered the questionnaire. The intern/general practitioners were 75%, and the specialists were 25%. The variables comprised socio-demographic information, professional characteristics and information regarding the awareness towards the management of tooth avulsion. RESULTS: A total of 200 dental practitioners answered the questionnaire. The intern/general practitioners were 75%, and the specialists were 25%. (44.3%) were aware of the critical time for avulsed tooth replantation while 71.8% of females did not know about the critical time for avulsed tooth replantation. 50.0% of the specialists reported that less than 30 min was needed for avulsed tooth replantation, while 59.3% of interns/general dentists advised less than 60 minutes. CONCLUSION: A statistically significant result was observed regarding the best storage medium, a critical time for avulsed tooth replantation and tooth management before replantation.
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Wahluyo, Soegeng, Ratri Anggraini, Welly Anggarani, Dwi Mulia Ramadhaniati, and Udijanto Tedjosasongko. "Delayed Replantation of an Avulsed Permanent Incisor Tooth." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 1, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v1i1.2018.10-13.

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Background: Incidence of dental avulsion is 1-11% of all dental injuries to the permanent dentition, with the maxillary central incisor being the most frequently involved tooth. The age group of 7-10 years appears to be most affected. If the avulsed teeth are not treated immediately, they can have a significant negative impact on the child such as functional, aesthetic and psychological disorder. Purpose: The aims of this case reports was to discuss the important role of storage medium that can influence the success of replantation treatments of avulsion teeth. Case Management: The first phase of treatment was an extra oral root canal treatment and were repositioned into the socket. Clinical and radiographic control was carried out periodically for 2 months. Discussion: Delayed replantation has a poor long-term prognosis. The periodontal ligament will be necrotic and not expected to heal. The goal in delayed replantation is to restore the tooth to the dentition for esthetic, functional, and psychological reasons and to maintain alveolar contour. Conclusion: This case reports showed the important role of storage medium that can influence the success of replantation treatments of avulsion teeth.
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Borba, Maristela Gutiérrez de, Ana Helena G. de Alencar, José Antônio Poli de Figueiredo, and Carlos Estrela. "Storage media for avulsed teeth: review of literature." Revista Odonto Ciência 29, no. 2 (August 22, 2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2014.2.12875.

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Subramaniam, Priya, Parvathy Girija, Uma Eswara, and Kadalagere Lakshmana Girish Babu. "Oral rehydration salt-liquid as a storage medium for avulsed tooth." Dental Traumatology 31, no. 1 (September 27, 2014): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/edt.12127.

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Seal, Mukut, and N. M. Dhanya Kumar. "Replantation of an Avulsed Permanent Maxillary central Incisor After Prolonged Dry Storage: A Case Report." CODS Journal of Dentistry 5, no. 1 (2013): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/cods-5-1-5.

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ABSTRACT All of us as clinicians at one time or another have to attend to dental emergencies involving severly fractured or even lost or avulsed anterior teeth. Treating such cases is often difficult and there is always a time factor involved. Loss of anterior teeth can affect a patient psychologically and socially. This can be minimised by an immediate replacement or replantation of the lost or avulsed teeth. Definitive treatment planning and consultation with specialists is seldom possible at the time of emergency treatment. Replantation of the avulsed tooth can restore esthetic appearance and occlusal function shortly after the injury. This article describes the management of a young female with an avulsed maxillary permanent incisor that had been air-dried for about 72 hours. The replanted incisor retained its esthetic appearance and functionality 8 months after replantation, yet the long-term prognosis remains questionable.
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Moradi Majd, Nima, Heidar Zohrehei, Alireza Darvish, Hamed Homayouni, and Mamak Adel. "Continued Root Formation after Delayed Replantation of an Avulsed Immature Permanent Tooth." Case Reports in Dentistry 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/832637.

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Introduction.Tooth avulsion in the young permanent dentition is a frequent finding, and its prognosis depends on the treatment of the avulsed tooth before replantation, the extra-alveolar time, the storage medium, and the patient’s general health. The present report describes management of an immature avulsed lower central incisor 90 minutes after the accident.Methods.A right lower central incisor of a 7-year-old girl was avulsed, and it was soaked in a glass of milk. 90 minutes after avulsion, replantation was performed, and the tooth was splinted; but after two weeks the replanted tooth’s pulp was necrotic. Thus, endodontic treatment was performed and root canal was filled using a calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste (Metapex). Three months later, the intracanal medication was washed out and the canal was sealed using an apical plug of calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement.Results.20 months after replantation the tooth was completely asymptomatic, with physiologic mobility. Also, continued root formation including an apical segment beyond the artificial apical plug was observed.Conclusion.Creation of an appropriate apical barrier following the disinfection of root canal system promoted continued root-end growth in a replanted immature permanent tooth.
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Sharma, Meenakshi. "In Vitro Periodontal Ligament Cell Viability in Different Storage Media." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 4 (August 2016): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201602294.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of periodontal ligament cells of avulsed teeth in three different storage media. Forty-five mature premolars extracted for orthodontic therapeutic purposes were randomly and equally divided into three groups according to the storage medium: milk (control), rice water and egg white. After placing extracted teeth for 30 min in storage media, the scrapings of the periodontal ligament (PDL) were collected in Falcon tubes containing collagenase in 2.5 mL of phosphate buffer saline and were incubated for 30 min and centrifuged for 5 min at 800 rpm. Cell viability was analyzed by Trypan blue exclusion. Rice water had a significantly higher number of viable cells compared to egg white and milk. There was no statistically significant difference between egg white and milk. Rice water may be able to maintain PDL cell viability of avulsed teeth better than egg white or milk.
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Buttke, Thomas M., and Martin Trope. "Effect of catalase supplementation in storage media for avulsed teeth." Dental Traumatology 19, no. 2 (March 24, 2003): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-9657.2003.00159.x.

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Kaur, Navpreet, Nikhil Srivastava, Vivek Rana, Noopur Kaushik, and Tushar Pruthi. "STORAGE MEDIUM FOR AVULSED TEETH: A LITERATURE REVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 08 (August 31, 2021): 874–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13340.

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Avulsion injury is one of the most severe types of traumatic dental injuries. Following avulsion, periodontal ligament tissues are injured and the vessels and nerves of the pulp rupture at the apical foramen which causes pulp necrosis. In studies it was reported that the key to retention of the knocked-out teeth was to maintain the viability of the periodontal ligament. Storage media plays an important role in preserving the viability of PDL cells during extra alveolar time. This article highlights the different storage medias available for avulsed teeth, along with their merits and demerits.
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R, Rajakeerthi, and Nivedhitha Ms. "Natural Product as the Storage medium for an avulsed tooth – A Systematic Review." Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 22, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.525182.

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Esber, Caglar, Peker Sertac, Durhan MUyEsser ahu, Kulan Pınar, Kuscu OZgur önder, Pisiriciler Rabia, Ak Calıskan Enis, Kargul Betul, and Sandalli Nuket. "A Quantitative Analysis of a Probiotic Storage Media for Avulsed Teeth." Acta Stomatologica Croatica 49, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15644/asc49/1/3.

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Hwang, Ji Young, Sung Chul Choi, Jae-Hong Park, and Sang Wook Kang. "The Use of Green Tea Extract as a Storage Medium for the Avulsed Tooth." Journal of Endodontics 37, no. 7 (July 2011): 962–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.028.

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Ozan, Fatih, Zübeyde Akin Polat, Bektaş Tepe, and Kürşat Er. "Influence of Storage Media Containing Salvia officinalis on Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 9, no. 6 (2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-9-6-17.

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Aim The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis) extracts to serve as a storage medium for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability of avulsed teeth. Methods and Materials PDL cells were obtained from healthy third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). Cultures were subjected to 4, 2.5, 1.5, and 0.5% S. officinalis solutions, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and tap water. Tissue culture plates were incubated with experimental media at 37°C for 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 hours. PDL cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Tukey's test. The level of significance was 5% (p< 0.05). Results The results showed 2.5% S. officinalis was a more effective storage medium than the other experimental solutions (p<0.05). Only at 1 hour and 3 hours was there found similar effect between 2.5% S. officinalis and HBSS. At 24 hours, 2.5% S. officinalis was found to be significantly better than the other solutions tested. Conclusion S. officinalis can be recommended as a suitable transport medium for avulsed teeth. Clinical Significance The findings of this study support the use of S. officinalis as another option for clinicians to use to store and transport avulsed teeth until reimplantation procedures can be done. Citation Özan F, Polat ZA, Tepe B, Er K. Influence of Storage Media Containing Salvia officinalis on Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:017-024.
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Sheikh, Md Abdul Hannan. "Reimplantation of Accidentally Avulsed Permanent Maxillary Anterior Teeth in a 10-Year-Old Girl." Journal of Enam Medical College 7, no. 3 (October 30, 2017): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v7i3.34078.

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Accidental tooth avulsion is a grievous injury and common among the children. Management of avulsed tooth within alveolar socket by reimplantation becomes a challenge for the clinician due to extraoral time and media of transportation. Although the long-term prognosis of reimplantation is poor, the time during which the tooth remain within the arch will guide the development of alveolar bone completely. Moreover, reimplantation will maintain anatomical, functional and esthetic rehabilitation of the patient. In this case report, we present a case of accidental avulsion where teeth were gently rinsed of any debris and placed in normal saline during the examination and preparation of the reimplantation sockets. The teeth were then reimplanted, functionally splinted followed by endodontical treatment. After 12 months follow-up the periodontal space was healed perfectly without any resorption or ankylosis.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(3): 165-169
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Gopikrishna, Velayutham, Toby Thomas, and Deivanayagam Kandaswamy. "A quantitative analysis of coconut water: a new storage media for avulsed teeth." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 105, no. 2 (February 2008): e61-e65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.08.003.

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Mori, Graziela Garrido, Daniele Clapes Nunes, Lithiene Ribeiro Castilho, Ivaldo Gomes de Moraes, and Wilson Roberto Poi. "Propolis as storage media for avulsed teeth: microscopic and morphometric analysis in rats." Dental Traumatology 26, no. 1 (February 2010): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00856.x.

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Oh, Tae Jun, Ok Hyung Nam, Mi Sun Kim, Hyo-Seol Lee, Yu-Shik Hwang, and Sung Chul Choi. "The Use of Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate Solution as a New Storage Medium for the Avulsed Tooth." Journal of Endodontics 46, no. 1 (January 2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2019.10.013.

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Koca, Hüseyin, Asli Topaloglu-Ak, Evren Sütekin, Olgu Koca, and Sibel Acar. "Delayed replantation of an avulsed tooth after 5 hours of storage in saliva: a case report." Dental Traumatology 26, no. 4 (April 23, 2010): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00910.x.

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Yoon, Hyunjung, and Minju Song. "Long-Term Retention of Avulsed Maxillary Incisors with Replacement Root Resorption: A 9-Year Follow-Up." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (January 11, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8872859.

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The purpose of this case report is to present a case of long-term retention of avulsed upper maxillary incisors with external replacement root resorption in a 15-year-old boy. The avulsed teeth, #11, 21, and 22, were stored under dry conditions for 40 min and replanted. Endodontic treatment was initiated after two weeks, and the nonrigid splint was removed after 3.5 months. A year after replantation of the teeth, replacement root resorption was detected radiographically. For the following 9 years, the resorption progressed slowly, but the teeth were maintained without any adverse effects on esthetic appearance. Under dry storage conditions, replacement root resorption was expected. In this case, the patient was a growing 15-year-old boy; thus, replantation was performed despite a possible poor prognosis. Consequently, root resorption progressed. Nevertheless, maintenance of the tooth crowns led to satisfying results for the patient both esthetically and psychologically. Ankylosis or replacement root resorption is a complication occurring after replantation of avulsed teeth, which could require additional treatment. However, in young patients, replantation could be considered to maintain the teeth until growth is complete.
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Hasan, Md Riasat, Hiroaki Takebe, Nazmus Shalehin, Nobuko Obara, Takashi Saito, and Kazuharu Irie. "Effects of tooth storage media on periodontal ligament preservation." Dental Traumatology 33, no. 5 (July 6, 2017): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/edt.12351.

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Silva, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal, Carolina Bluzarca Rollemberg, Tauby de Souza Coutinho-Filho, Renato Liess Krebs, and Alexandre Augusto Zaia. "A multiparametric assay to compare the cytotoxicity of different storage media for avulsed teeth." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 12, no. 2 (June 2013): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-32252013000200004.

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