Relevant bibliographies by topics / Storage tank fire

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Storage tank fire'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Storage tank fire"

1

Zheng, Bin, and Guo-hua Chen. "Storage tank fire accidents." Process Safety Progress 30, no. 3 (May 10, 2011): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.10458.

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2

Wang, Wen He, Hai Xia Li, Zhi Sheng Xu, and Dong Liang. "Safety Assessment of Large-Scale Crude Oil Tank after Fire Process." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.469.

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In recent years, the demand of the crude oil is increasing in the world, and the oil storage tanks are also developing larger and larger. Higher requirements of safety for storage tank, especially safety evaluation of the oil tanks in fire environment, was proposed because the oil tank volume is large, as well the oil is volatile, flowing, inflammable and explosive easily. In the paper, the fire process was simulated by the heat treatment for the key position, and the relationship between mechanical property and heating temperature of large tank after fire was obtained. The strength evaluation for large-scale crude oil storage tank after fire was implemented and the result showed that the strength for large crude oil tank was satisfied with requirement.
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3

Lee, Jeomdong, Juyeol Ryu, Seowon Park, Myong-O. Yoon, and Changwoo Lee. "Study on the Evaluation of Radiant Heat Effects of Oil Storage Tank Fires Due to Environmental Conditions." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.2020.34.1.072.

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In this paper, the risk of damages to humans and properties due to fire explosions in gasoline storage tanks is identified, and the effects of radiant heat on adjacent tanks are evaluated to present the necessary area to secure safety. A simulation was conducted to evaluate the effect of radiant heat (Maximum emission) on adjacent tanks in an oil storage tank fire due to environmental conditions (Wind speed and temperature) in the Northern Gyeonggi Province. The result indicated that the radiant heat released in the fire of an oil storage tank was increased by approximately 1.9 times by the maximum wind speed and the difference occurred in the range of 700~800 kW by the maximum temperature. If a storage tank fire occurs, securing approximately 34.4 m of holding area is necessary. In the future, evaluating the radiant heat emitted by the fire of gasoline storage tanks will be required by applying various environmental conditions, and through this, research on specific and quantitative holding area is required.
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Centeno, F. R., and E. E. C. Rodrigues. "REDUCED-SCALE STUDY OF LIQUID FUEL STORAGE TANK FIRE USING FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v14i1.62112.

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Most of the accidents that occur in liquid fuel storage tank parks are caused by fire. This paper presents a numerical study using Large Eddy Simulation through Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) for the simulation of liquid fuel (ethanol) storage tanks at different scales (real-scale 1:1, and reduced- scales, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8). This paper proposes correlations for flame height, and temperature profile and radiative heat flux profile in the region adjacent to the tanks. Correlations have as inputs the diameters of the tanks in real- and reduced-scale, temperature profiles and radiative heat flux profiles for a reduced-scale tank simulation, and then provide as outputs flame height and temperature profiles and radiative heat flux profiles for the tank in real- scale. Percentage errors of the correlations found in this study are lower than 2.0% and 0.6% for the maximum radiative heat flux and maximum temperature, respectively.
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Liu, Xuan Ya, and Xiao Zhou Wang. "Fire Risk Forecast and Early Warning Technology for Large Oil and Gas Storage & Transport Tank Areas." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4654.

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According to the characteristics of the storage and transportation working functions in large oil and gas storage tank areas, based on the analysis of equipments leakages, fires, explosion and other disaster scenes and accidents evolution model in the tank areas, the effect factors of the tanks area fire risk were studied. Combined with the analysis of key equipments and process fittings failure probabilities and tank fire-fighting equipments effectiveness, the fire and explosion accidents forecast analysis methods based on the dynamic monitoring technology were put forward. Through the analysis of the critical temperature, pressure, liquid level, gas concentration and other state parameters of the oil and gas storage tank equipments failure, using the advanced information technologies (GIS geographic information system, RS remote sensing and telemetry systems, etc.) and remote singles monitor technologies, the status parameters of dangerous materials and process equipments can be carried out with real time measurement and monitoring.
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Нulida, E., Ya Kozak, and M. Vasiliev. "THE RESEARCH OF FIRE RESISTANCE LIMIT OF THE TANK STORAGE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS." Fire Safety 37 (January 6, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.37.2020.06.

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Introduction. Statistical analysis of fires at storage, refining and transportation facilities for oil and petroleum products over the past 20 years shows that out of 200 fires, 92% of them occur in land tanks. In a fire, liquid combustion in the tank is a diffusion combustion of a jet of steam in the air. In the process of burning the liquid in the tank changes the mechanical properties of its metal wall, which affects its fire resistance duration. In the event of a fire in the tank, the drywall may be destroyed. Destruction of dry tank wall can lead to oil spills and cascading fire. Therefore, the main problem is to determine the fire duration before the destruction of the dry wall of the tank, i.e. its fire resistance.Purpose. Develop a method for determining the fire resistance of the dry wall of the storage tank of oil and petroleum products.Methods. To develop a method for determining the fire resistance of storage tank dry wall of oil and petroleum prod-ucts, it is necessary to solve the following problems:1) to determine the temperature effect on sheet material of tank dry wall on its strength;2) to obtain the dependence for determining the duration of time before the occurrence of ultimate destructive stresses of the sheet material of tank dry wall;3) to obtain the dependence for determining the time of fire resistance of tank dry wall of oil and petroleum products in the event of a fire.To solve the first problem, the temperature influence of the sheet steel used to make the tank wall on the yield strength σT was established.To solve the second problem, a dependence was obtained to determine the length of time before the occurrence of critical temperatures at which the destruction of the sheet material of tank dry wall is possible.To solve the third problem, a block diagram of the algorithm for determining the fire resistance of tank dry wall in case of fire was developed, on the basis of which a package of applications was developed.Conclusions and specific suggestions:1. The influence of the temperature of the sheet material of tank dry wall on its strength is established. The research results showed that the temperature of the tank drywall material in the range of 690-710 ºC is critical and it can lead to its destruction.2. The results of the research allowed to obtain the dependence for determining the duration of time to critical temper-atures occurrence at which the destruction of the sheet material of tank dry wall. The results of calculations for the tank RVS-5000 showed that its fire resistance varies within τv = 13…15 minutes. Of course, this value of fire resistance for tank dry wall is very small in terms of the fire extinguishing process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement certain measures to increase the fire resistance of tank dry wall.3. To determine the time of fire resistance of tank dry wall storage of oil and petroleum products in the event of a fire was obtained dependence, which allows to determine the temperature T in ºC from the duration of burning the tank τ per minute, the height of the dry wall h0 in m upper edge. The research results allowed to develop a block diagram of the algorithm for solving this problem, as well as a package of applications based on it, which are written in the C # programming language.
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Нulida, E., Ya Kozak, and M. Vasiliev. "THE RESEARCH OF FIRE RESISTANCE LIMIT OF THE TANK STORAGE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS." Fire Safety 37 (January 6, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.37.2020.06.

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Introduction. Statistical analysis of fires at storage, refining and transportation facilities for oil and petroleum products over the past 20 years shows that out of 200 fires, 92% of them occur in land tanks. In a fire, liquid combustion in the tank is a diffusion combustion of a jet of steam in the air. In the process of burning the liquid in the tank changes the mechanical properties of its metal wall, which affects its fire resistance duration. In the event of a fire in the tank, the drywall may be destroyed. Destruction of dry tank wall can lead to oil spills and cascading fire. Therefore, the main problem is to determine the fire duration before the destruction of the dry wall of the tank, i.e. its fire resistance.Purpose. Develop a method for determining the fire resistance of the dry wall of the storage tank of oil and petroleum products.Methods. To develop a method for determining the fire resistance of storage tank dry wall of oil and petroleum prod-ucts, it is necessary to solve the following problems:1) to determine the temperature effect on sheet material of tank dry wall on its strength;2) to obtain the dependence for determining the duration of time before the occurrence of ultimate destructive stresses of the sheet material of tank dry wall;3) to obtain the dependence for determining the time of fire resistance of tank dry wall of oil and petroleum products in the event of a fire.To solve the first problem, the temperature influence of the sheet steel used to make the tank wall on the yield strength σT was established.To solve the second problem, a dependence was obtained to determine the length of time before the occurrence of critical temperatures at which the destruction of the sheet material of tank dry wall is possible.To solve the third problem, a block diagram of the algorithm for determining the fire resistance of tank dry wall in case of fire was developed, on the basis of which a package of applications was developed.Conclusions and specific suggestions:1. The influence of the temperature of the sheet material of tank dry wall on its strength is established. The research results showed that the temperature of the tank drywall material in the range of 690-710 ºC is critical and it can lead to its destruction.2. The results of the research allowed to obtain the dependence for determining the duration of time to critical temper-atures occurrence at which the destruction of the sheet material of tank dry wall. The results of calculations for the tank RVS-5000 showed that its fire resistance varies within τv = 13…15 minutes. Of course, this value of fire resistance for tank dry wall is very small in terms of the fire extinguishing process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement certain measures to increase the fire resistance of tank dry wall.3. To determine the time of fire resistance of tank dry wall storage of oil and petroleum products in the event of a fire was obtained dependence, which allows to determine the temperature T in ºC from the duration of burning the tank τ per minute, the height of the dry wall h0 in m upper edge. The research results allowed to develop a block diagram of the algorithm for solving this problem, as well as a package of applications based on it, which are written in the C # programming language.
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8

Wang, Bing Qiang. "Study on the Cause of Oil Tank Fire and Fire Prevention Countermeasure." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.866.

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Oil is a kind of important chemical raw materials, countries have put oil as an important sources of energy and actively expanded its strategic oil reserve along with our country energy strategy adjustment. The number of oil storage increases constantly, the tank farm scale expands unceasingly and fire accident of oil storage tank rises constantly. So it is an important measure for preventing the oil tank fire to analyze reason of oil tank fire and adopt corresponding fire prevention countermeasures.
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Lin, Cherng Shing, Te Chi Chen, Chia Chun Yu, Shih Cheng Wang, and Wen Lung Chang. "Study on Numerical Simulation of a Fire on Heavy Oil Tank." Advanced Materials Research 680 (April 2013): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.680.515.

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Oil is important energy nowadays. Most oil products, such as gasoline, coal oil and diesel oil, are important fuel too. Tanks serve as storage to preserve various petroleum products. These dangerous inflammable articles require not only as much safety protection as possible but also safety intervals between tanks. Once a fire occurs to a tank, its combustion expands very fast and violently. Without sufficient intervals, chain reaction is very possible to happen and cause a disaster out of control. Fire of oil tank is not common, thus experience of extinguishing such fire is also extremely lacking. Therefore, it is important to research on tank fire and report quantified data. This study adopted numerical analysis method to simulate a fire in a tank area by applying Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), and investigate the effect of various related parameter on tank fire. The anticipation of this study is to provide fire protection information of various types of tanks in order to reduce the impact of such fire on environment and resource.
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Yang, Feng, Jin Yun Pu, and Xiang Jun Wu. "Environmental Study with Analysis the Characteristics and Safety Distance of LPG Pool Fires." Advanced Materials Research 886 (January 2014): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.886.456.

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In order to study the characteristics and the safe distance of LPG pool fires, a modeling of the pressure leaked from storage tanks, and the fire characteristic parameter calculation model, and thermal radiation intensity prediction model for LPG pool fire, and for liquid flow leak pool fire case, using MATLAB software programming, obtained characteristics parameters of LPG pool fire and damage assessment, analyzed the effects of a cross wind on the flame size and shape and the thermal radiation, put forward a calculation method of the LPG pool fire safe distance, provide guidance for the fire tactics equation of safety equipment and storage tank area configuration.
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Storage tank fire"

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Buang, Azizul. "Boilover in liquid hydrocarbon tank fires." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/15186.

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Boilover is a violent ejection of certain liquid hydrocarbons due to prolonged burning during a storage tank fire. It happens due to vaporization of the water sub-layer that commonly resides at the base of a storage tank, resulting in the ejection of hot fuel from the tank, enormous fire enlargement, formation of a fireball and an extensive ground fire. Boilover is a very dangerous accidental phenomenon, which can lead to serious injuries especially to emergency responders. The boilover can occur several hours after the fuel in a storage tank caught fire. The delayed boilover occurrence is an unknown strong parameter when managing the emergency response operations. Modelling and simulation of the boilover phenomenon will allow the prediction of the important characteristics features of such an event and enable corresponding safety measures to be prepared. Of particular importance is the time from ignition to the occurrence of boilover. In order to establish a tool for the prediction of the boilover events, it is essential to understand what happens within the fuel during a fire. Such understanding is important in order to recognize and determine the mechanisms for the hot zone formation and growth which are essentials, especially for predicting the onset time of boilover. Accordingly, boilover experiments and tests were planned and carried out at field scale by the Large Atmospheric Storage Tank FIRE (LASTFIRE) project with the intentions to evaluate the nature and consequences of a boilover, and to establish a common mechanism that would explain the boilover occurrence. Undertaking field scale experiments, however, is difficult to carry out so often due to high costs and high safety concerns. In order to obtain more detailed measurements and visual records of the behaviour of the liquids in the pool, a novel laboratory scale rig has been designed, built and commissioned at Loughborough University. The vessels used in the field scale tests and the laboratory scale rig were instrumented with a network of thermocouples, in order to monitor the distribution in temperature throughout the liquid and its variation with time. The temperature distribution variation as a function of time enabled the recognition of the phases of the evolution of the hot zone and hence the mechanism of boilover. The rig has allowed well defined and repeatable experiments to be performed and hence enable to study and assess boilover in a reproducible manner. In addition, visualisation of the fuel behaviour during the experiments could be obtained to better understand the formation and growth of hot zone, the boiling of water layer and hence the boilover occurrence. A number of small and larger scale experiments had been completed to obtain a wide spectrum of results, evaluating the effect of tank diameters, fuel depth, and water depth on the rate and extent of the boilover. The analysis of the results had elucidated further the processes of the hot zone formation and its growth, and hence mechanisms involved in the boilover occurrence. The important observation was that there are three stages observed in the mechanism of boilover incidence. At the start of the fire there is a stage when the hot zone is formed. This is followed by a period when the bottom of the hot zone moves downwards at a pseudo constant rate in which the distillation process (vaporisation of the fuel s lighter ends) is taking place. The final stage involved the heating up of the lowest fuel layer consisting of components with very high boiling points and occurrence of boilover. Based on the observations of the mechanisms involved in the hot zone formation and its growth, predictive calculations were developed which focus on the provision of an estimate on the time to boilover upon the establishment of a full surface fire and an estimate of the amount of fuel remaining in the tank prior to the occurrence of the boilover. A predictive tool was developed in order to provide predictions on the important parameters associated with a boilover event i.e. the time to boilover, the amount of fuel remaining in the tank prior to boilover and hence the quantity of fuel that would be ejected during boilover and the consequences of a boilover i.e. fire enlargement, fireball effects and the ground area affected by the expulsion of oil during a boilover event. The predictive tool developed is capable of providing good estimates of onset time to boilover and predicts consequences of the boilover. The tool predicting the time to boilover of the LASTFIRE field scale test and the laboratory scales tests was shown to produce predictions that correlated with the observed time to boilover. Apart from the time to boilover, the predictive calculation is also able to provide an estimate of fuel amount remained in the tank at the instance of boilover occurrence. Consequently, the tool is capable of predicting the quantity of burning fuel being ejected and hence the area affected by the extensive ground fire surrounding the tank. The predictive results are conservatives but yet show good agreement with observed time to boilover in real boilover incidents. Certain considerations in the development of safe and effective fire fighting strategies in handling fire scenario with a potential of boilover occurrence, can be assessed using the predictive tool developed.
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2

Pease, David A. "Storage tank: a storage area network file system /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Mansour, Khalid A. "Fires in large atmospheric storage tanks and their effect on adjacent tanks." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12196.

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A suite of models were integrated to predict the potential of a large liquid hydrocarbon storage tank fire escalating and involving neighbouring tanks, as a result of thermal loading. A steady state pool fire radiant heat model was combined with a further model, in order to predict the distribution of thermal loading over the surface of an adjacent tank, and another model was incorporated to predict the thermal response of the contents of the adjacent tank. In order to predict if, or when, an adjacent tank will ignite, the radiant heat from the fire received by the adjacent tank must be quantified. There are a range of mathematical models available in the literature to calculate the radiant heat flux to a specified target and each of these models is based on assumptions about the fire. The performance of three of these models, which vary in complication, was analysed (the single point source model, the solid flame model and the fire dynamics simulator computational fluid dynamics model) and, in order to determine the performance of each model, the predictions made by each of the models were compared with actual experimental measurements of radiant heat flux. Experiments were undertaken involving different liquid fuels and under a range of weather conditions and, upon comparing the predictions of the models with the experimental measurements, the solid flame model was found to be the one most appropriate for safety assessment work. Thus, the solid flame model was incorporated into the thermal loading model, in order to predict the distribution of radiant heat flux falling onto an adjacent tank wall and roof. A model was developed to predict the thermal response of the contents of an adjacent tank, in order to predict variations in the liquid and vapour temperature, any increase in the vapour space pressure and the evolution of the vapours within the given time and the distribution of thermal loading over the surface of the tank as predicted by previous models; of particular importance was the identification of the possibility of forming a flammable vapour/air mixture outside the adjacent tank. To assess the performance of the response model, experiments were undertaken at both laboratory and field scale. The laboratory experiments were conducted in the Chemical Engineering Laboratory at Loughborough University and required the design and construction of an experimental facility representing a small-scale storage tank exposed to an adjacent fire. The field scale experiments were undertaken at Centro Jovellanos, Asturias, Spain. An experimental vessel was designed and fabricated specifically to conduct the laboratory tests and to measure the response of a tank containing hydrocarbon liquids to an external heat load. The vessel was instrumented with a network of thermocouples and pressure transmitter and gauge, in order to monitor the internal pressure and distribution in temperature throughout the liquid and its variation with time. The model predicting the thermal response of an adjacent tank was shown to produce predictions that correlated with the experimental results, particularly in terms of the vapour space pressure and liquid surface temperature. The vapour space pressure is important in predicting the time when the vacuum/pressure valve opens, while the liquid surface temperature is important as it governs the rate of evaporation. Combining the three models (the Pool Fire model, the Thermal Loading model and the Response model) forms the basis of the storage tanks spacing international codes and presents a number of innovative features, in terms of assessing the response to an adjacent tank fire: such features include predicting the distribution of thermal load on tanks adjacent to the tank on fire and thermal load on the ground. These models can predict the time required for the opening of the pressure vacuum relief valve on adjacent tanks and the release of the flammable vapour/air mixture into the atmosphere. A wide range of design and fire protection alternatives, such as the water cooling system and the minimum separation distance between storage tanks, can be assessed using these models. The subsequent results will help to identify any recommended improvements in the design of facilities and management systems (inspection and maintenance), in addition to the fire fighting response to such fires.
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Kashkarov, Sergii. "Fire resistance of on-board high pressure storage tanks for hydrogen-powered vehicles." Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700828.

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The doctoral study closes a number of knowledge gaps in hydrogen safety engineering related to the safety of hydrogen storage cylinders. The main targets of the work were achieved by applying analytical and contemporary numerical methods, including computational fluid dynamics (eFD). The models developed within the scope of the study were compared with experiments and allow for prediction of fire resistance rating (FRR) of high-pressure gas storage tanks and prediction of one of the dangerous effects from tank rupture in a fire, i.e. blast wave decay. The numerical model for prediction of the FRR of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank in a fire was developed and compared with experiments with good agreement. The numerical pretest studies performed revealed the effect of HRR variation which significantly influenced the FRR of the hydrogen storage cylinder that were implemented into the experimental programme and were further proved in experiments. A theory for the prediction of blast wave decay from gas vessel rupture in a fire was developed and validated against experiments with stand-alone and under-vehicle (on-board) tank rupture experiments. It included a novel analytical model for the prediction of blast wave decay which accounted for effects of a real gas and effects from hydrogen combustion. Engineering tools (nomograms) for first responders and hydrogen safety engineers were developed. The engineering tools allow for prediction of hazard distances for humans and buildings from a blast. The suggestions for amendments of the Global Technical Regulation No. 13 and safety strategies were formulated.
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Young, Don William. "Hydrologic, social and legal impacts of summary judgement of stockwatering ponds (stockponds) in the general stream adjudications in Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1994_113_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Wu, Shuen-Hsiung, and 吳順雄. "A Study on Fire Safety in Storage Tank Area from Simulated Fire in Storage TankExample from Petrochemical Station at Kaohsiung Por." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77324291360619110973.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程所
93
Demand on petrochemical products is ever increasing due to prosperous domestic industries. However, flammables storage area has always been one of the major potentially hazardous areas in factory. In the event that fire is ignited by improper operation or external heat source, the vast amount of content in storage tank may impair attempts of fire rescue, and directly cause substantial property loss and casualty, even extend to other facilities or factories nearby, resulting greater damage. Computerized Fire Simulation may provide considerations of proper preventive facility and safety distance for business units in allocating of storage tanks. The subject of this study is the normal pressure oil tank in Petrochemical Station at Kaohsiung Port. Three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is simulated in computer to conduct analysis on impacts of radial heat transmitted onto neighboring tanks when normal pressure storage tank is on fire. Also, a questionnaire survey is conducted on personnel who actually are part of storage tank operations . From the fire simulation on storage tank (k-311,D = 18.2m, H=12m, 80% load, wind velocity = 8 m/s, inter-tank spacing = 6.1m) without sprinkler in effect, we have learned that the maximum radial heat is 23 kw/m2, and the threat to neighboring tanks is insignificant. Therefore, safety distance for inter-tank spacing allotment, in pursuant to NFPA30 Standards, in Petrochemical Station is considered viable. As for the questionnaire survey, the result reveals that information such as contingency plan, hazard information of material stored, and risk assessment on storage tank are not circulated, suggesting a wide margin of improvement exits in fire safety management. Safety regulations for petrochemical storage tanks may vary among domestic/foreign governments or large petrochemical factories. However, differences stand. Technique of digital fire simulation, if used, may assist analyzing severity of fire in storage tank area and estimating sufficient efficiency of safety distance that confines effect of fire spread, and quantified risk of fire in storage tank area, so that comparison and enhancement for regulation standards may be made. Digital fire simulation may also serves in formulating procedures of contingency plan and personnel evacuation. Emergency drill and circulation of related information should be further enforced for fire safety management, and empirical analysis on accident cases should be conducted so that threats of petrochemical product storage operation can be reduced.
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7

Kuo, Hung-Wen, and 郭鴻文. "Real Designing Project of Fire Prevention Equipment for Outside Storage Tank of Chemical Factory." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32506705392587819376.

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碩士
吳鳳科技大學
消防研究所
104
Petrochemical industry is very important to the economy in our country, the annual output is about 3.3 trillion NT dollars, 12% of GDP. The transportation, storage, production of the raw materials and finished products are the most important part, so it is necessary to investigate the safety and fire protection design. To be in conformity with law of Public Hazardous Materials and Flammable Pressurized Gases Establishment Standards and Safety Control Regulations. The seventy ninth regulation about the legitimate places which had been set done. It means that the places where the outside storage tank and processing places of the public hazardous materials had been set done before the announcement of the law. It regulates the places have to improve under the law. This regulation is related to the legality in the petrochemical industry nationwide. The situation is that many industries and places can not apply to be in compliance with the regulations of the law. The law does not limit all the places which were been set before but it should be improved by the fifth attached list. The places are required to improve its constructions and equipments and it must influence the safety of the factory. The study is to probe into the chemical factories and some of those storages can not apply legally because of the chemical factory configured, it has been the problem that meeting the regulation without legality. And the fire rate might resist fire and stop spreading difficultly. So the study takes national and oversea cases to analysis the causes of those accidents and provide the prevention and improvement to the chemical factory interiorly. Against current violation setting of chemical factories, take the case of places that had been set done for example, the danger is obvious. The places which meet the regulations have the safety but the illegal storage or places that had been set before announcement of the law are only required to be regular partly as the seventy ninth of the law. Those places are lacking in constructions and equipments. And do not meet the regulations of current law. So the study combines the academic researches and the real design project of fire prevention equipment to show the risk and suggestions to provide the government and industries for revising the regulations and preventing fire.
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Chen, Tzuling, and 陳姿伶. "The Fire Drawings Approval of Outdoor Storage Tank Based on the Case Study in Yunlin County." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64069250126039084286.

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碩士
吳鳳科技大學
消防研究所
100
Fire drawings government agencies permit the public to apply for the case of a program review of the operation is a review of the case of an outdoor storage tank in the fourth class of public hazardous materials in recent years, the Yunlin County, to explore the analysis of the common deletion, by arranging the calendar year related to outdoortank establishments Act doubt explained, listing the contents and items of fire map that should have, induction is more feasible in the practice example, and specifies the relevant content arrangement of methods and precautions to help fire the designers know how to quickly prepare the necessary inspectionpossible loss of omissions in the attached data, and design, to avoid the fire review it again and change, review the personnel of Fire Station and Fire designer for the provisions of the original meaning clearer cognitive, to reduce administrative communication and operating costs, improve reviewoperational efficiency.
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9

Chang, W. L., and 張文龍. "Fire Simulations of The Safety Distance Between The Oil Storage Tanks." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50296085759008222997.

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碩士
元智大學
機械工程學系
92
There is must be a distance between the oil storage tanks. But which is the best. In this work we will use the FDS （Fire Dynamics Simulator）to simulate the fire of the oil storage tanks and consider the effect of heat transfer to get the best of the safety distance . Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. The software described in this document solves numerically a form of the Navier-Stokes equations appropriate for low-speed, thermally-driven flow with an emphasis on smoke and heat transport from fires.
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Yang, Lan-YU, and 楊蘭昱. "Fire risk assessment of outdoor storage tanks- Take vinyl acetate as an example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bd3dwv.

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碩士
國立交通大學
工學院產業安全與防災學程
106
Storage tanks with storage properties are indispensable in the circulation process of chemical plants, and fires or explosions occur in storage tanks. Although fires are not as frequent as in general buildings, the number of storage tanks in the plant is large and storage is highly reactive and flammable. As well as explosive storage materials, any neglect or loss may result in serious consequences of disaster losses and human casualties. In this study, vinyl acetate tanks were used as objects to explore the safety management of storage tanks and disaster prevention and control measures. In the preliminary hazard analysis, the assessment of the fire and explosion (F&EI) was used to analyze the storage tanks to understand the major potential hazard sources of the storage tanks and to obtain potential hazards through hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP). This research found that high-risk events included “Polymerization hazards at high temperature”, “Gasket flange and shaft seal leak leading to pipeline flange leakage and environmental pollution” and “External fires causing prolonged combustion and disasters.After that, high-risk mitigation measures were implemented and the risk reduction after the improvement was tracked in order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of fire and explosion leakage to maintain plant safety and reduce the impact on the environment.
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Books on the topic "Storage tank fire"

1

Bladon, R. A. A study of tank farm fires in Kuwait. London: Home Office, Fire and Emergency Planning Dept., Fire Research and Development Group, 1992.

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2

Company, British Petroleum, ed. Liquid hydrocarbon storage tank fires: Prevention and response : a collection of booklets describing hazards and how to manage them. 4th ed. Rugby: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2008.

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Britain), Institution of Chemical Engineers (Great. Liquid hydrocarbon storage tank fires: Prevention and response : a collection of booklets describing hazards and how to manage them. 3rd ed. Rugby: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2006.

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Britain), Institution of Chemical Engineers (Great. Liquid hydrocarbon storage tank fires: Prevention and response : a collection of booklets describing hazards and how to manage them. 4th ed. Rugby: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2008.

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Institution of Chemical Engineers (Great Britain). Safe tank farms and (un)loading operations: A collection of booklets describing hazards and how to manage them. 4th ed. Rugby, U.K: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2008.

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Program, Ohio Oil &. Gas Energy Education. Responding to oilfield emergencies. Granville, Ohio: Ohio Oil & Gas Energy Education Program, 2000.

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7

Bennett, J. F. Efficacy of water spray protection against jet fires impinging on LPG storage tanks. [Sudbury]: HSE Books, 1997.

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8

Office, General Accounting. Nuclear waste: Department of Energy's Hanford Tank Waste Project-- schedule, cost, and management issues : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1998.

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Office, General Accounting. Nuclear waste: Foreign countries' appproaches to high-level waste storage and disposal : report to the Honorable Richard H. Bryan, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Nuclear waste: DOE's Hanford spent nuclear fuel storage project : cost, schedule, and management issues : report to the Chairman, Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Storage tank fire"

1

Dong, Yingchao, Wenhua Song, and Fanghua Hu. "LPG Storage Tank Fire and Explosion Accident." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 791–97. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4856-2_96.

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Liu, Yuanchang, Xuefeng Han, Jie Ji, and Juncheng Jiang. "FDS Software Simulation for Control Effect of Fire Dikes on Leakage of Cryogenic Ethylene Storage Tank." In The Proceedings of 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology, 155–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9139-3_13.

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Colombari, Viviana, Maurizio Gilioli, and Alfredo Verna. "The Evaluation of Mechanical Resistance of Storage Tanks Exposed to Fire by Using Data Bank Information." In Reliability Data Collection and Use in Risk and Availability Assessment, 772–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83721-0_63.

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"Additional Fire Codes." In The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook, 117–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470172827.ch7.

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"History of the Uniform Fire Code." In Handbook of Storage Tank Systems, 40–43. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277104-9.

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"National Fire Protection Association Codes." In The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook, 93–116. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470172827.ch6.

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"Appendix E: National Fire Code Comparison Chart by the Steel Tank Institute." In The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook, 327–30. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470172827.app5.

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"Study on mechanical properties of the steel for large-size atmospheric storage tank after fire." In Structural Health Monitoring and Integrity Management, 227–31. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18510-74.

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9

Simon, Katarina. "Oil and Gas Storage Tank Risk Analysis." In Transportation Systems and Engineering, 128–42. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8473-7.ch006.

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Storage tanks are widely used in the oil refinery and petrochemical industry in storing a multitude of different products ranging from gases, liquids, solids, and mixtures. Design and safety concerns have become a priority due to tank failures causing environment pollution as well as fires and explosions, which can result in injuries and fatalities. The chapter illustrates different types of crude oil and oil product storage tanks as well as the risks regarding the storage itself. Considering that the natural gas, in its gaseous state, is stored in underground storages like oil and gas depleted reservoirs, aquifers or salt caverns, and there are numerous publications and books covering the subject in detail, this chapter only illustrates the storage of liquefied natural gas and the risks posed by its storage.
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Simon, Katarina. "Oil and Gas Storage Tank Risk Analysis." In Risk Analysis for Prevention of Hazardous Situations in Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, 303–21. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4777-0.ch014.

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Storage tanks are widely used in the oil refinery and petrochemical industry in storing a multitude of different products ranging from gases, liquids, solids, and mixtures. Design and safety concerns have become a priority due to tank failures causing environment pollution as well as fires and explosions, which can result in injuries and fatalities. The chapter illustrates different types of crude oil and oil product storage tanks as well as the risks regarding the storage itself. Considering that the natural gas, in its gaseous state, is stored in underground storages like oil and gas depleted reservoirs, aquifers or salt caverns, and there are numerous publications and books covering the subject in detail, this chapter only illustrates the storage of liquefied natural gas and the risks posed by its storage.
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Conference papers on the topic "Storage tank fire"

1

Feng, Wenxing, Chaopeng Wu, Shuxin Li, Xiaodong Long, and Jingjun Xi. "Above Ground Petroleum Product Storage Tank Fires: A Numerical Analysis of Thermal Radiation for Developing Fire Prevention Strategy." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33029.

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Above ground petroleum product storage tanks are tanks or other containers that are above ground, partially buried, bunkered, or in a subterranean vault. These are built to store petroleum product for pipeline system, oilfield and refinery. Tank fires are one of the most terrible accidents in oil pipeline transportation stations. Tank fires pose a significant hazard to people, buildings, process piping, the environment and other facilities as a result of thermal radiation exposure. It is necessary and meaningful to study the distribution of the thermal radiation of a tank fire for emergency response, prevention and reducing loss. To analyze potential tank fire incidents at a pipeline station, a three-dimensional station model was built using a computational fluid dynamics (Abbreviated as CFD, is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows) software package to evaluate the thermal radiation distribution under different conditions. Numerical simulations were carried out for a total of six simulation scenarios to analyze 3 types of potential fires for 2 different liquid products (gasoline and diesel). The three kinds of fires that were modeled included: 1) disk pool fire on top of the tank; 2) ring pool fire on the top of a tank; and 3) pool fire in a dike. The simulation evaluates the effect of the thermal radiation on facilities and people. The simulation results show that the water cooling system is effective at decreasing the magnitude of thermal radiation exposure and as a result is effective at protecting nearby tanks and facilities. Without water protection, the disk fire or ring fire can destroy or damage nearby structures significantly. The results of the simulation also show that the dike pool fire can have a catastrophic consequence to nearby facilities. Further the analysis showed that environmental wind does not change the thermal radiation distribution significantly. The results of the simulation point out countermeasure activities to enhance fire prevention at oil pipeline transportation stations in a scientific way.
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Finkel, M. "336. Static Initiated Fire during Petroleum Storage Tank Cleaning Operation." In AIHce 2002. AIHA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2766275.

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Ou, Kesheng, Jiong Zheng, Weijian Luo, Xufeng Li, Jingbiao Yang, and Lei Wang. "A Discussion of the Using of Pressure Relief Devices for On-Board High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Tanks." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63597.

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To prevent the on-board storage tank from burst at vehicle fire scenario, pressure relief device (PRD) is required to be installed to the tank and timely activated to release internal high-pressure hydrogen. Actually, there are two types of PRDs (i.e. thermally-activated and pressure-activated PRDs), and four types of tanks such as all-metal, hoop/fully-wrapped with metal liner and fully-wrapped with plastic liner. Great importance should be attached to the using of PRDs for all types of tanks in consideration of the risk of tank burst caused by fire. However, there are great differences in the requirements for the using of PRDs in hydrogen storage tank standards such as GTR-HFCV, ISO/TS 15869, JARI S 001 and TSG R006. Compared with compressed natural gas tank standards, PRD requirements in hydrogen storage tank standards are discussed in this paper. Moreover, key influencing factors on the activation of thermally-activated and pressure-activated PRDs are analyzed in detail based on fire test data. Finally, some advices for the using of PRDs of hydrogen storage tanks are proposed.
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Satoh, Koyu, Naian Liu, Xiaodong Xie, and Wei Gao. "CFD Study of a Fire Whirl of Huge Oil Tank: Burning Rate, Flame Length, Distributions of n-Heptane and Oxygen in a Fire Whirl." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37276.

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The number of huge oil storage tanks is increasing in the world. If a fire occurs in one of these tanks, it is very difficult to suppress. Additionally, if a fire whirl occurs in an oil tank fire, it is extremely dangerous for firefighters to extinguish the fire. The authors have numerically studied huge fire whirls in a large oil tank depot and predicted the generation of those fire whirls. Here, another study is attempted to clarify the details of huge fire whirl in a large oil tank, using two kinds of fire whirl generation channels in CFD simulations using the software, FDS by NIST. Details of burning rates, velocities of whirling flames, radiative heat flux, heat release rates and whirling cycles are examined, using oil tanks with the diameters of 0.2 to 80 m. In oil tanks with a diameter of 80 m, a tall fire whirl is generated. The height is about 1000 m. In this study of oil tanks fires with small to large diameters, it has been found that fire whirl lengths are about 8 to 11 times of the oil tank diameter. The maximum radiative heat flux due to a fire whirl in 80 m diameter oil tanks exceeds 100 kW/m2. Since the maximum radiation is found at twice the distance of oil tank diameters from the tank centers, adjacent oil tanks may be ignited. This study has also examined a method used to prevent fire whirl generation in huge oil tanks.
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Wang, Yue, and Miao Zhang. "Notice of Retraction Fire explosion risk analysis for hydrogen storage tank based on jet fire model." In 2013 International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance and Safety Engineering (QR2MSE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qr2mse.2013.6625606.

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6

Fang, Zhou, Weiwei Hu, Deyu Liu, Guanghai Li, and Zhe Wang. "Study on Metallography Test of the Steel SPV490 for Atmospheric Storage Tank After Fire." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63058.

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The fire process was simulated by the heat treatment to the Steel SPV490 of atmospheric storage tank, thereby obtaining the metal specimens in different fire temperature, holding time, and cooling modes. And as the temperature increases, the microscopic structure of Steel SPV490 changes under different working conditions, which could be shown in optical microstructure pictures after doing the interception, inlay, polishing, finishing to the specimens. The result shows that, the mechanical properties of the Steel SPV490 for storage tank changes as the temperature rising from the microscopic view. Nodulizing of the cementite in pearlite occurs, and the strength decreases when the high strength steel SPV490 of large atmospheric storage tanks under air cooling condition below 700 °C, however, it equivalents to the normalizing process, as the sorbite occurs in the steel, and the strength increases a bit when the temperature is above 900 °C. The water-cooling of steel SPV490 above 900 °C equivalents to the process of quenching. The occurrence of martensitic substantially increases the strength and the brittleness, and the elongation decreases rapidly.
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T., Skjold, and Wingerden K. van. "A Fatal Accident Caused by Bacterial Hydrogen Production in an Atmospheric Storage Tank." In Sixth International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7724-8_07-06.

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Birk, A. M. "The Effect of Reduced Design Margin on the Fire Survivability of ASME Code Propane Tanks." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2589.

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The design margin on certain unfired pressure vessels has recently been reduced from 4.5 to 4.0 to 3.5. This has resulted in the manufacture of propane and LPG tanks with thinner walls. For example, some 500 gallon ASME code propane tanks have had the wall thickness reduced from 7.7 mm in 2001 to 7.1 mm in 2002 and now to 6.5 mm in 2004. This change significantly affects the fire survivability of these tanks. This paper presents both experimental and computational results that show the effect of this design change on tank fire survivability to fire impingement. The results show that for the same pressure relief valve setting, the thinner wall tanks are more likely to fail in a given fire situation. In severe fires, the thinner walled tanks will fail earlier. An earlier failure usually means the tank will fail with a higher fill level, because the pressure relief system has had less time to vent material from the tank. A higher liquid fill level at failure also means more energy is in the tank and this means the failure will be more violent. The worst failure scenario is known as a boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE) and this mode of failure is also more likely with the thinner walled tanks. The results of this work suggest that certain applications of pressure vessels such as propane transport and storage may require higher design margins than required by the ASME.
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Xiaofei, Zhu, Jia Lidong, Yang Xiaojun, Du Rui, Li Na, and Fu Chaoshuai. "Application of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system in oil storage tank fire monitoring." In Optical Fiber Sensors and Communication, edited by Songnian Fu, Jie Zhang, and Jun Yang. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2548143.

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HAMMOUYA, Amel, and Rachid CHAIB. "Human Factor: A Key Element in A Fire Safety System Of Hydrocarbon Storage Tank." In 2020 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscv49265.2020.9204292.

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Reports on the topic "Storage tank fire"

1

Lott, D. T., and R. A. Huckfeldt. Fire hazards analysis, east tank farm storage and staging facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116661.

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Huckfeldt, R. A., and D. T. Lott. Fire hazards analysis for W-413, West Area Tank Farm Storage and Staging Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10110548.

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