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Tai, Yuen-ting, and 戴婉婷. "Shopping centres and on-street shops : the benefits to developers and local shoppers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207639.
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Shopping is a daily necessary activity to most of the people in Hong Kong. From the old days when people went shopping in the bazaars to the recent days when most people go shopping in shopping centres, the dominant mode of shopping changed. The effects brought by different kinds of shopping facilities to people are worth studying. It is not difficult to observe the trend that old retail developments in old districts are mainly shopping streets while new retail developments in new towns are mainly shopping centres. Some voices from the public are pushing the retaining of old street shops and old street cultures despite the property developers tend to build shopping centres in their new projects.
The benefits from shopping streets and shopping centres to shoppers and developers have been studied in this dissertation by empirical and conceptual background study, survey to shoppers and shop operators and information provided by property agents and employees of private developers. From socialization point of view, the comprehensive tenant mix and comfortable shopping environment in shopping centres attract shoppers to stay longer in shopping centres than in shopping streets which increase the chance of interaction among shoppers thus improve their level of social lives. However, the stability of shops and shop operators in shops at shopping streets is beneficial to building up community strength within the neighbourhood. The relationships among shoppers and shop operators and among shop operators in shopping streets are stronger than that in shopping centres.
For the benefits other than socialization aspect, shops in shopping streets provide cheaper goods due to the relatively lower rents and lower overhead costs in shopping streets while shopping centres provide better accessibility and better facilities due to their better management. For the benefits to developers, developing shopping centres is beneficial to them in the ways of increasing their rental income when leasing retail premises and boosting the selling prices of residential properties where shopping centre is a bundle of the development.
In some of the projects of official organizations, such as Urban Renewal Authority, we can see that benefits from these two shopping facilities can be merged together. For example, the design of shopping streets and the buildings around and setting up greenery areas along shopping streets can improve the air-conditioning problem and improve the attractiveness of staying to shoppers. Private developers also introduced old shops to their shopping centres. Product prices of old shops remain the same in shopping centre as in shopping streets. However, the relationship among shoppers and shop operators cannot be copied easily even if the old shop signs are the same. Time is needed for building the strength within a community.published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management
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Henderson-Smith, Barbara, and n/a. "From Booth to Shop to Shopping Mall: Continuities in Consumer Spaces from 1650 to 2000." Griffith University. School of Film, Media and Cultural Studies, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040618.134501.
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This thesis sets out to evaluate the role of consumer spaces in twentieth-century daily life. It is not concerned with the act of consumption but rather with the ways in which the social, cultural and educative role of the retail spaces is used as a marketing tool. The links that have been established between civic and commercial space over the last three hundred years are charted in order to locate the reasoning behind the growing tendency to design shopping malls as social and cultural spaces in the twentieth century. Three principal benefits to developers of the retails spaces from the promotion of consumer spaces as public spaces are identified in the thesis. First, links between the public and commercial developed to encourage potential customers into a particular retail space as opposed to its competition. Second, consumer spaces are developed as social and leisure spaces to encourage consumer loyalty. That is, they are developed as a means of encouraging repeat visits. Third, they are developed as a tactic to keep potential shoppers in the retail space for a longer duration. The logic behind this strategy being the more time spent in a consumer space the more goods purchased. The origins of this merchandising practice are traced back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries well before the advent of the department store form. The thesis located a number of strategies developed in the seventeenth century by tradesmen and merchants to sell their wares. At this time, it is evident that the consumer space was opened up to the public who were encouraged to enter without the obligation to purchase. Further, it is evident that, by the eighteenth century, shopkeepers and manufacturers' workshops included showrooms where potential customers could sit and take tea. Public spaces were also designed within the retail space so that potential customers could see and be seen. British shopkeepers often linked the retail space with the social practice of promenading by strategically situating their premises in an already established thoroughfare or site used for promenading. By the late eighteenth century, consumer spaces housed entertainment facilities such as art galleries, exhibitions and lounging rooms. After tracing the development of this merchandising strategy to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the links that can be made between twentieth-century consumer spaces is examined. In addition, the early developments of shopping centres in the 1940s and 1950s are surveyed and their developmental logic and merchandising strategies are compared with more recent forms of shopping malls developed from the 1970s and 1980s.
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Fung, Kit-ying. "A study of tenant mix planning of regional shopping centres and its implications." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43895487.
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Ko, Fei. "What is the future of shopping streets in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906432.
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Yuo, Tony Shun-Te. "The management of inter-store externalities in shopping centres." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401430.
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Dickinson, Amie M. Rice Murray Delbert. "A spatial-temporal analysis of retail location and clustering a case study of Port Huron, MI /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5187.
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CORBO, WILLIAM DE ALMEIDA. "CONSUMPTION HISTORIES AND SOCIAL ILLUSIONS: DEPARTMENT STORES, SHOPPING CENTERS, AND MIDDLE CLASSES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34019@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
Esta tese examina as articulações entre as dinâmicas do consumo e a formação das classes médias, através do estudo de duas importantes experiências históricas do capitalismo: o surgimento dos grandes magazines nos centros urbanos europeus entre a segunda metade do século XIX e o início do XX; a emergência dos shopping centers nos subúrbios norte-americanos em meados do século XX. De maneira mais específica, pretende-se analisar as formas pelas quais esses movimentos do consumo em expansão impulsionaram o recrutamento de grupos sociais e sua aproximação com o mundo dos bens e, nesse processo, geraram imagens, ideias e representações de classes médias consumidoras. Vamos investigar as particularidades dessas experiências, explorar as características de seus contextos e observar as permanências de seus projetos. Parte-se da premissa que o consumo é um elemento central na cultura moderno-contemporânea e, portanto, estudar suas lógicas, estruturas e significados pode contribuir para a compreensão dos valores e ideologias que orientam nossa vida social. Em um exercício de antropologia histórica, esta tese busca destacar que, além das questões e temas relacionados à economia e à produção, as experiências e sensibilidades ligadas à cultura, ao simbólico e ao universo do consumo também podem fornecer ideias, apresentar descobertas e decifrar estruturas fundamentais para o entendimento do capitalismo.
This thesis examines the relation between consumption dynamics and the formation of middle classes, through the study of two important historical experiences of capitalism: the unveiling of the great magazines in the European urban centers between the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century; the rise of the malls at the north-american suburbs in mid-20th century. In a more specific manner, the thesis aims to analyze the ways through which these expanding consumption movements pushed the recruitment of social groups and their getting closer to the world of goods and, in this process, generated images, ideas and representations of consumer middle classes. The thesis will consider the particularities of those experiences, explore the characteristics of their contexts and observe the maintenance of their projects. The thesis starts from the premise that consumption is a central element in the modern-contemporary culture and, therefore, the study of its logics, structures and meanings can contribute to understanding the values and ideologies that orient our social lives. In an exercise of historical anthropology, this thesis aims to highlight that, beyond the questions and themes related to economy and production, the experiences and sensibilities connected to the culture, to the symbolic and to the universe of consumption may also provide ideas, present discoveries and decipher fundamental structures to the understanding of capitalism.
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Tsui, Ka-kit. "The impact study of new shopping scheme in new town /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284606.
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Bosman, Jiminy-Ann Ashurde. "An investigation of the expectations held by retail tenants with regards to the internal marketing function performed by their shopping centre landlord." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3725.
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While much has been written about retail stores and the retail environment, franchises and organisational marketing, not much can be found on “host” organisations such as shopping centres and their role within the marketing mix. A unique disparity exists within shopping centres in that not only are they an organisation with their own brand identity and culture, but they also play host to numerous retailers and franchises with very clear brands and messages of their own. The question that is often posed to the landlord is therefore whose message or what message is the correct one to market to the common consumer-base targeted by both the shopping centre (landlord) and the tenant (retailers). When considering this, it is important to understand that a symbiotic relationship exists between landlord and tenant within shopping centres in that if a tenant is successful this will result in greater rentals for the landlord and if the landlord’s property is successful, i.e. popular, this will result in greater revenue for the tenant. Both parties therefore actively engage in marketing of their businesses and whilst the message is often noticeably different, what is unique is that this is often to the same consumer-base. Tenants in many shopping centres contribute towards centre marketing expenses as part of their lease agreements and as a result have certain expectations in terms of what message is being marketed. Shopping centres varying in size and tenant numbers make the landlords marketing role that much more complex and often generic messaging is employed to umbrella the wide offering available. This study aims at investigating the expectations held by retail tenants of their shopping centre landlords through the internal communications function. Corporate communication theory as well as public relations theory was used as a grounding.
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Chan, Wai-ming. "The determinants of shopping centre rent in the new towns /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25939713.
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Chan, Chi-shing York. "Privatization of public assets : a case study on the Link REIT /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40698294.
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Chan, Wai-ming, and 陳維明. "The determinants of shopping centre rent in the new towns." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257124.
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Fung, Kit-ying, and 馮潔英. "A study of tenant mix planning of regional shopping centres and its implications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43895487.
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Ollhoff, Barbara Jean. "A study to identify essential management skills needed to manage chain apparel specialty stores in regional shopping centers." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134216/.
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Gouws, Andries. "Location assessment of independent jewellery retailers : analysis of Cape Town metropolitan regional shopping centres." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95608.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.Regional shopping centres play an important role in the South African economy, especially by providing location services to retailers (large and small) and non-retailers. One of the main value propositions of regional shopping centres is to attract a large number of customer footprint to a central location where a group of retailers can market and sell to a larger customer market. Independent retail jewellers have numerous channel options available, in South Africa the preferred channel for independent jewellery retailers is a physical retail outlet within regional shopping centres. The purpose of this research is to determine the value proposition quality of Cape Town Metropolitan regional shopping centres as a preferred location to independent retail jewellers. The location value proposition analysis was performed by evaluating a set of location criteria as prescribed by available literature. Furthermore, this research also explores the antecedents of relationships and trust between shopping centre management and independent retail jewellers. This research followed a mixed-method approach and the focus is a sample of regional shopping centres and independent retail jewellers within the Cape Town Metropolitan area. Information was gathered through interviews by using structured questionnaires, which was prepared from literature on location value assessment criteria for shopping centres, relationship management and building trust within relationships. The research shows that although regional shopping centres are the preferred channel for independent retail jewellers there are some location value proposition elements that require improvement. A key concern for shopping centre management should be the imbalance in power created by contractual agreements that mostly favour regional shopping centres. This imbalance in power negatively influences relationships and trust between shopping centre management and independent retail jewellers. Furthermore, the feedback from independent retailer jewellers is that rental costs charged for location services are miss-aligned to the value received from these services. This study is limited that it only surveyed regional shopping centre management and independent retailer jewellers within the Cape Town Metropolitan area in South Africa. The limited scope and focus of this study confines the generalisability of this study for other types of retailers and / or other metropolitan areas within South Africa. The value of this study is that it tested location criteria from international literature within the South African context and set the foundation for future research, which is currently limited in South Africa.
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Lundmark, Isabelle, Joanna Mainaud, and Katarina Sjögren. "The link between consumer perception and satisfaction : A comparative study of shopping malls and city centres." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34686.
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Background: It is a known phenomenon that when external shopping malls arise next to cities the business of the city centres can be affected. This situation occurs since many years and in various places in the world, even Sweden. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine what factors are important to the consumers when they are shopping in general, and then to evaluate how these factors influence consumer satisfaction with regard to shopping malls and city centres. Methodology: The research is based on a cross-sectional design with a quantitative strategy. The data collection is conducted through an internet based questionnaire with a snowball sampling approach. Conclusion: The results are that, for consumers, store variety, atmosphere and service quality are quite important aspects when shopping. They also shows that store variety influences consumer satisfaction in both the shopping mall and the city centre. Finally, convenience influences satisfaction in the city centre and the social aspect influences customer satisfaction in shopping malls.
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Filho, José Carlos de Souza. "Uma aplicação empírica da abordagem dos atributos no processo de escolha de um shopping center por parte dos lojistas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-27032007-154634/.
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Muito se tem estudado a respeito dos aspectos econômicos e mercadológicos dos Shopping Centers, focando-se essencialmente na relação destes empreendimentos com os consumidores finais. Este trabalho pretendeu abordar esta questão sob a ótica do lojista que se instala em um shopping center. E não exatamente um lojista qualquer, mas o pequeno lojista, ou o lojista satélite, como são chamados estes comerciantes nos empreendimentos. Através da hipótese de que por menor que seja o empreendimento comercial, sempre existirão critérios objetivos de escolha de ponto, procurou-se aqui sistematizar esses critérios, através de uma abordagem teórica que pudesse dar sustentação conceitual ao processo de escolha. Dentre as conclusões do trabalho, verificou-se que apesar de nem sempre aparente, o lojista tem uma clara percepção das características do ponto, embora às vezes tenha que optar por aquele ponto onde sua restrição de orçamento assim o permita.Many researchers have studied economic and merchandising issues regarding shopping centers, focusing essentially on the relationship between the entrepreneurs and the consumers. This work is intended to provide a different approach, focusing on the relationship from the shopper-owner viewpoint, with an emphasis on small businesses. Based upon the hypothesis that even in the smallest commercial business, everyone should develop some technical criteria to assist in choosing their sites, the author tried to organize these methods, using a theoretical approach in order to support the site study process. Among the conclusions, it was verified that even when the owner cannot use the concepts to choose a site in a shopping center (e.g., because of a restricted budget), he/she has a clear idea about the quality and characteristics of the site locations.
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Ozuduru, Burcu H. "An empirical analysis of shopping center locations in Ohio." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1157038477.
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Pang, Sze-kit, and 彭仕傑. "A study on location as the most crucial factor for a shopping center gaining high rental income." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44401784.
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Tsui, Ka-kit, and 徐家傑. "The impact study of new shopping scheme in new town." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260408.
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Panfel, Matthew Ryan. "Assessing the retail niche and identifying additional locations with market potential for a lifestyle center a case study of consumer preferences and shopping behavior-The Shops at Atlas Park, Queens County, New York /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Tang, Kwok-wai. "A marketing plan for Hong Kong Housing Authority in letting commercial tenancies /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12316702.
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Dickinson, Amie M. "A Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Retail Location and Clustering: A Case Study of Port Huron, MI." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5187/.
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Retail geography is a field of study that is growing in significance and importance within the academic, business, economic, and governmental realms. This study's main focus is on the changing retail environment with regards to business location and function within a small Midwestern city. The research focuses on Port Huron, Michigan because of the growth and shift of the retail community within the city over the past twenty years. The study specifically examines the changing influence and roles of Port Huron's central business district and of Birchwood Mall a retail development opened on the urban area's north end in 1990. The study uses the chi-squared, ANOVA, and cross tabulation statistical tests to analyze the changing geography of retail functions in the city. These statistics are used along with relative entropy equations to distinguish areas of high diversification, changing area functions, and common locations for multiple retail types.
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Martau, Betina Tschiedel. "A luz alem da visão : iluminação e sua relação com a saude e bem-estar de funcionarias de lojas de rua e de shopping centers em Porto Alegre." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258754.
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Orientador: Paulo Sergio ScarazzatoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T03:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martau_BetinaTschiedel_D.pdf: 55725573 bytes, checksum: 7dff9393612962ee9f33a68ebefa45e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Este trabalho aborda os impactos nao visuais da exposicao humana a luz tentando relacionar a qualidade da iluminacao a saude e bem-estar das funcionarias de lojas. A amostra do estudo transversal foi definida aleatoriamente, com a participacao de mulheres voluntarias. Foram selecionados tres grupos com dez participantes em cada: lojas de rua com contato com exterior e turno de trabalho diurno (9h as18h), lojas de shopping centers sem janelas para o exterior com turno de trabalho diurno (10h as 18h) e lojas de shopping centers sem janelas para o exterior com turno de trabalho tarde e noite (14h as 22h). A avaliacao da iluminacao considerou as dimensoes das lojas e caracteristicas dos sistemas, incluindo ofuscamento, aparencia de cor da luz, flexibilidade e possibilidade de controles da iluminacao pelas funcionarias. A avaliacao de aspectos relativos a saude e ao bem-estar utilizou como instrumentos as escalas psicometricas validadas pela area da Psicologia para afericao de sintomas depressivos, de ansiedade e estresse. A avaliacao das condicoes de sono e analise do ritmo atividade/repouso foi feita com um actimetro com luximetro acoplado (Actiwatch), e a analise do ritmo de temperatura corporal, com um sensor de temperatura (Ibutton). Foi estabelecido o padrao de luz 24h a que esteve sujeita cada participante durante cinco dias consecutivos e verificada a influencia deste padrao no sistema circadiano, atraves da medicao dos niveis de melatonina e cortisol salivar. O grau de satisfacao das funcionarias e suas preferencias relativas a iluminacao do ambiente de trabalho foram levantados atraves da aplicacao de questionarios. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se correlacoes de Pearson, ANOVA e regressoes tipo stepwise, tendo como ferramenta o SPSS for Windows 13.0. No grupo das lojas de rua, os resultados indicam que, apesar de o nivel de satisfacao das funcionarias com os sistemas de iluminacao nao ser elevado, a presenca de luz natural contribui para sua saude e bem-estar. O cruzamento de aspectos de satisfacao e emocionais com os aspectos biologicos indicou que quanto maior a satisfacao geral com a iluminacao pela funcionaria da loja de rua, maior o nivel de melatonina as 24h e menores o escores de depressao. A possibilidade de contato com o exterior neste grupo leva a melhores condicoes fisiologicas, principalmente nas condicoes de sono, que os demais grupos. Nos grupos de shopping centers, a correlacao inversa encontrada entre a iluminancia geral media da loja e a satisfacao geral com as condicoes da iluminacao no ambiente de trabalho merece destaque, porque e nesta categoria que os escores foram mais altos em todas as escalas aplicadas, indicando piores condicoes emocionais, e onde ha alteracoes nos aspectos biologicos avaliados. A pesquisa conclui ser necessaria a revisao das estrategias para a iluminacao de lojas, sejam elas de rua ou de shopping centers, buscando-se resolver os possiveis conflitos entre uma iluminacao para vender produtos e a que considere a loja como um ambiente de trabalho.
Abstract: This work addresses the issue of non-visual impacts of human exposure to light, in an attempt to relate the quality of lighting to health, comfort, and well-being of female retail store employees. The sample for the cross-sectional study was randomly established with female volunteers. Three groups were selected: street retail stores with outside contact and daily working hours (9 a.m. to 6 p.m.), shopping mall retail stores with no window facing outside, with daily working hours (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.), and shopping mall retail stores with no window facing outside, with afternoon and evening working hours (2 p.m. to 10 p.m.). Each group included ten employees. Assessment of lighting considered the dimensions of the stores and characteristics of systems, including the occurrence of glare, color appearance of light, flexibility, and possibility of lighting control by employees. The tools to assess well-being and health were psychometric scales internationally validated by the psychiatric field to measure depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Assessment of sleep conditions and analysis of the activity/rest rhythm was carried by a wrist monitor with attached luximeter (Actiwatch) and the analysis of the body temperature rhythm was made by a temperature sensor (Ibutton), to which each participant was submitted for five consecutive days. The lighting pattern's influence on the circadian system was verified by measuring saliva melatonin and cortisol levels. The degree of satisfaction of employees and their preferences regarding work environment lighting were surveyed by applying questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations, ANOVA, and stepwise regression, with the tool SPSS for Windows 13.0. In street retail store group, results indicate that even though employees' satisfaction with lighting systems is not high, the presence of natural light contributes for their health and well-being. Crossing the assessment of satisfaction and emotional aspects with biological ones indicated that the higher the street retail store employees' general satisfaction with lighting, the higher their melatonin level at 12 p.m. and the lower their depression scores. Possibility of outside visual contact in that group leads to better physiological conditions, especially sleep conditions, than the other groups. In shopping mall groups, the reverse correlation found between the store's average general illuminance and general satisfaction with lighting conditions in the work environment is worth pointing out, since scores were highest in that category (worse emotional conditions) in all scales applied and there are changes both in cortisol rhythm (tendency to lower rhythm in the morning and afternoon mall group) and in melatonin (tendency to phase delay in the afternoon and evening mall group) as well as differentiation in activity rhythm and temperature in the afternoon and evening mall group. Shopping mall employees' miss visual contact with the outside, being able to vary lighting during the workday, and consider lighting as excessive. Most of them reported that they would like to reduce the amount of light in their workplace during the day. The study concludes that it is necessary to review the stores' lighting strategies, whether they are street retail stores or shopping mall retail stores, to seek new guidelines able to solve the possible conflicts between light oriented to sell products and that which considers the store as a workplace.
Doutorado
Arquitetura e Construção
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
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Van, der Merwe J. M. P. "The impact of Stellenbosch Square on retail buying patterns in Paradyskloof." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1655.
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Chan, Chi-shing York, and 陳志成. "Privatization of public assets: a case study on the Link REIT." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009119.
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Pihl, Johan. "An accessible grocery store for low vision customers : Human-centered design of a universal shopping solution, with a focus on people with low vision." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69592.
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Around one percent of the Swedish population is defined as visually impaired and ten percent of them are classified as blind (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). A study shows that the prevalence of nearsightedness will increase to around half the population in the world in 2050 (Holden et. al., 2016). This suggests an increased need for solutions that work for people with reduced vision, not only for visually impaired but for a large group of the population. The aim of the project is to conceptualize a technological mainstream solution that supports people when shopping for groceries. The focus is on making this solution accessible for people with low vision. The project was planned based on the human-centered design process described by IDEO.org (2015), with an overall process divided into three phases: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. In the first phase, inspiration, a literature review was done, different field studies and other research methods were carried out. The outcome of the phase was three personas, two scenarios, and a design specification. During the second phase, ideation, the project scope was narrowed down – focusing on physical grocery stores (excluding online stores) and on conceptualizing a smartphone application. An ideation workshop was conducted, followed by concept creation, paper prototyping, scenario writing, user evaluations and a final concept selection. In the last phase, implementation, follow up feedback sessions were held and a simulation test of the final concept was held. Visualizations and presentation of the final concept were done. A list of summarized design principles was created, as support for further work on designing the application for low vision users. The final concept is based on a smartphone application that supports the customer through shopping list management, aisle navigation, item selection and item scanning, for a seamless customer experience for both people with full and low vision. The technology that will be utilized is Pricer AB's electronic shelf labels (ESL) with item positioning, customer navigation, and individual flashing light, combined with the grocery store online database with item descriptions and images. Here follows an example of how the interaction could look like for someone with low vision: He always prepares his shopping list before heading to the store, this way he knows the shopping will be easier for him. In the store, he gets all items on the list presented in the correct order of the store, in that way he knows what to search for. When looking for soy sauce from his shopping list he has trouble remembering where the section is, so he checks it up with the navigation. He realizes that it was just around the corner of where he just passed by. Once at the section he is presented with a list of different soy sauces in the application, matching his location, previous purchases and the soy sauce on his shopping list. He can now select the one that he prefers, and a picture of it appears on the screen, simultaneously a flashing green light appears by the item on the shelf, and he can easily and independently find the way right up to the soy sauce he wants.Ungefär en procent av Sveriges befolkning är synskadade, och tio procent av dem är så pass gravt synskadade att de kan definieras som blinda (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). Enligt en studie förväntas närsynthet världen över att öka, och under 2050 vara uppe i hälften av jordens befolkning (Holden et. al., 2016). Detta tyder på ett ökat behov av lösningar som fungerar för personer med nedsatt syn, inte bara för synskadade utan för en stor del av befolkningen. Målet med projektet är att undersöka nuläget och behoven för synsvaga personer när de handlar mat, för att sedan kunna utveckla universell teknisk lösning som ska fungera som ett stöd när man handlar mat. Projektet planerades utifrån en människocentrerad designprocess beskriven av IDEO.org (2015), som är indelad i tre faser: inspiration, idégenereringen och genomförande. I den första fasen, inspiration, gjordes en litteraturstudie, flera fältstudier genomfördes, samt andra research metoder. Resultatet här var tre personas, två scenarion och en designspecifikation. Under den andra fasen, idégenereringen, ställdes nya avgränsningar upp för projektet – fokuset riktades nu mot den fysiska butiker (avgränsning från e-handeln) och att målet skulle vara att ta fram en smartphone-applikation. En idéworkshop genomfördes, konceptgenerering, skapande av pappersprototyper, scenarion, utvärdering med användare och ett slutligt konceptval. I sista fasen, genomförande, följdes det slutliga konceptet upp med tidigare deltagare och det slutliga konceptet testades i en simulerad studie. Visualisering och presentation av slutkonceptet gjordes. Designprinciper för utveckling av applikationer för synsvaga sammanfattades, för att fungera som stöd för vidare arbete med utveckling av konceptet. Slutkonceptet bygger på en smartphone-applikation som ska fungera som stöd för kunden, från skapandet av inköpslista, navigering i butiken, val och identifiering av varor och slutligen att scanna varan. I sin helhet skapar detta en komplett lösning i mataffären för både seende och synsvaga kunder. Tekniken som ska utnyttjas för konceptet är Pricer AB's elektroniska hyllkantsetikett-system (ESL-system) med positionering, kundnavigering samt en lysdiod på varje enskild etikett, i kombination med butikens online-databas med produktbeskrivningar och bilder på varorna. Här kommer en beskrivning av hur interaktionen med systemet kan gå till för någon som är synsvag: Han förbereder alltid sin inköpslista innan han går till affärer, eftersom han vet att det underlättar för honom. Väl i butiken får han varorna från inköpslistan presenterade i den ordningen de kommer, vilket förenklar letandeprocessen. När han letar efter sojasås som han har på listan har han svårt att komma ihåg var i butiken han hittar den, så han kollar upp det med navigeringsfunktionen. Han inser då att han missade den just bakom hörnet som han gick förbi. Väl framme vid sektionen får han en lista med olika sojasåser presenterade i applikationen, de baseras på hans position i butiken, tidigare köp och vad han har på inköpslistan. Han kan nu välja den han gillar och får då en bild på varan på sin skärm, samtidigt som en grön lampa blinkar precis där varan är placerad på hyllan. Han kan nu enkelt och självständigt plocka varan han vill ha från hyllan.
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Serbousková, Kateřina. "Obchodní a nákupní centrum v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372282.
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The final thesis deals with the design of the steel loadbearing structure of the shopping center situated in Brno. The built-up floor area is 1973 m2 (L-shaped ground plan with dimensions 48 m x 50 m). The construction consists of three parts. Building A has four above-ground floors and reaches a height of 25.5 m. The steel structure of mono-pitched roof is designed in two options. Both options consist of full-length purlins and truss girders. Building B is a single-storey building with a mono-pitched roof top reaching 8.1 m high. Building C is three-storey with a flat roof. The first floor has a construction height of 4.5 m and the remaining two floors reach height of 3.6 m, which coincide with building A. The steel structure is made of steel-concrete composite ceilings and pin-supported columns. In the case of bracings, pressure was eliminated by means of non-linearities.The work includes proposal, assessment of the supporting structure and calculation of the directional details. Internal forces were determined based on a static analysis in the SCIA Engineer calculation program.
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Čierny, Juraj. "Obchodní dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265530.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of the multy-storey steel structure with a wooden dome structure of the shopping centre in city of Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. Minimum build-up area is 2 000m2. Minimum number of storeys is set at 2. Steel structure is composed as a frame construction with composite steel-concrete ceilings. Building has 2 storeys at all. Wooden structure of dome is composed by glue laminated curved beams. The structural design and analysis is performed by software SCIA Engineer 15.
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Bova, Joshua Paul. "Retail District Evolution: An Exploration of Retail Structure and Diversity, a Case Study in Denton, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248453/.
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It is well established that national retail chains impact small, single location retail businesses in terms of revenue generation, retail structure, retail type diversity, and location. This study examines the retail structure and diversity of five retail districts in the City of Denton, Texas. The analysis focuses on one central business district (CBD), one traditional retail strip center (University Drive, also known as US HWY 380), one special retail district (Fry Street District), one traditional enclosed shopping mall and associated development (Golden Triangle Mall), and one power retail center (Denton Crossing). The empirical foundation for the investigation is a historical business database covering years 1997 to 2010, obtained from Info Group's Reference USA. This Reference USA database includes location, industry, and status (single versus chain location) information for each business. Retail diversity and evenness were measured for each of the five retail districts using the Simpson's Diversity Index and the Simpsons Measure of Evenness, leading to specification of the differences that exist in retail structure and diversity among the districts. Golden Triangle Mall and Denton Crossing were primarily chain location in composition while Fry Street District, the CBD, and University Drive were primarily single location in composition. Across all years, the single versus chain status of the local business communities did not substantially change within any of the districts. The Fry Street District exhibited the most change in diversity as well as the lowest overall diversity among the retail districts, followed by University Drive and Golden Triangle Mall. The CBD did not experience any major change in retail type diversity. However, all retail districts experienced major changes in retail evenness. Overall for the city, single location retail businesses accounted for the majority of all the retail businesses, however, chain locations employed more people. In total, these findings indicate that the development of retail districts composed primarily of chain location retailer's affects retail district diversity and evenness but not retail structure.
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Kočí, Petr. "Ocelová konstrukce obchodního centra." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265292.
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The diploma thesis elaborates on the proposal of a loadbearing steel structure of a shopping centre. Four-storey building has total lenght of 88 m, width 48 m and its base structural grid is 8 x 8 m. The total height of building is 25,4 m. First three floors above ground are designed with structural height of 5,6 m whilst the 4TH floor uses height of 4,0 m. Frame structure is formed by primary beams and castellated secondary beams. Above 4TH floor, the roof structure is designed in two alternative versions, both using solid purlins and truss girder. The 3D computer animation of the building is also part of thesis. The shopping centre that is subject of the final thesis is located in Brno area.
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Zouhar, Matěj. "Vývoj trhu obchodních nemovitostí v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225948.
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This thesis analyzes the commercial real estate market in Brno, with a focus on the fol-purchasing center. It also deals with determining the marketing strategy of OC Olympia. The marketing strategy was created SWOT analysis, and from it created proposals or recommendations for increasing visitor center. Next been created a competition analysis and market research around the center.
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Olivier, Stephanus Hendrik. "The impact of the development of convenience shopping centres on the patronage of regional shopping centres." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/719.
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Carter, Charles C. "The nature of store location in shopping centers." 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/45606488.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1999.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-99).
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Thomas, Charles Robert. "Mega trends in regional shopping centre branding : a trend analysis." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4708.
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M.A.Shopping centres in South Africa, regional ones in particular, find themselves existing in an increasingly competitive marketplace, where despite a move towards creating better marketing communications around centres, consumers are overwhelmed by such communications messages and by the abundance of centres from which to choose. This has created a problem of brand parity, where there is very little differentiation between centres, yet development shows no signs of slowing down. This causes further confusion by giving the consumer more choice, leading to brand switching. The problem is exacerbated by consumers who have become much more knowledgeable and far more demanding in terms of what they expect from products and services (Evers, 2005; trendwatching.com, 2007), including shopping centres. Additionally, shopping centre marketers have to deal with developers, owners, management companies and leasing agents, as well as tenants, who neither understand the process of branding nor believe in it, while also having to deal with their own lack of skills in the area of branding regional shopping centres. In light of this, there is a need to strategically conduct trend analysis, to see where the shopping centre industry is headed, so as to help centres create a sustainable competitive advantage in terms of branding (Gossen & Gresham, 2002) by being aware of trends, so that they can better meet the needs of the potential markets that they serve. Specifically, this requires a look at future mega trends that are affecting regional shopping centres based on what is termed the 3Es of branding, which are experiential branding, emotional branding and electronic branding. To this end, an ethnography was conducted, based on the trend analysis technique known as Trend Unit (Evers, 2005: trendwatching.com), which comprised a 14-year immersion study and encompassed the collection of data using participant observation, informal unstructured personal interviews and the review of media artefacts. The trend analysis revealed three new trends that are coined based on the 3Es of branding.
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Liu, Ping-Chung, and 劉秉中. "A Study of the Business Model of Shopping Centers Combine with Virtual Stores." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81731668954406911201.
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碩士世新大學
資訊管理學系
92
Along with the Taiwan national income and the level of living increased, the retail had the tremendous change in recently several years. From earliest department stores, convenience stores, to the large-scale shopping center or mall establishment, the consumer’s pure shopping behavior transforms into the shopping leisure gradually. The shopping centers meet the consumer need in the promotion quality of shopping. On the one hand, the Internet pushed electronic commerce development and the retailers saled their products using Internet with the consumer. Therefore there are many new-style virtual stores and has made many on-line retails succeed, and the Internet also has impacted the traditional brick-and-mortar stores. However, both the virtual stores and traditional physical stores have its advantage and the limit, so is not certainly easy for a long time to make a profit. Therefore the clicks-and-mortar strategys make companies get the benefit from combination of virtual and physical store. This study hope to analysis the business model of shopping centers joined the virtual store, and probes into the clicks-and-mortar strategys of the shopping centers, as well as the influence of virtual store on shopping centers. The study also addressed some suggestion. The findings demonstration domestic the shoppint centers adopt separating operations in "Clicks-and-Mortar Strategies", however integrating brand, management and equity. Marketing is the main function on the Internet and used to attract the customers. The virtual stores had a little effect upon shopping centers because its turnover still small. The mall’s virtual store didn’t influence shopping centers to reduce the consumer to the physical mall or the retailers’ demand on the physical mall space.
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Steyn, Johan Stewart. "The ideal tenant mix and shopping centre size for the proposed Thatchfield Convenience Centre." 2014. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001322.
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M. Tech. Business AdministrationThis study was motivated by the lack of adequate convenience retail shopping facilities for the residents of the study area, comprising Thatchfield Residential Estate, The Reeds, Heuweloord and a small portion of Rooihuiskraal. Tenants generate the income for a shopping centre and therefore the value of this type of retail property to the owners depends on the forecast of consumer demand for the products or services sold by tenants. Through balanced tenancy, the stores in a planned shopping centre complement each other in the quality and variety of their products offerings, and the type and number of stores are linked to the overall need of the population of the catchment area.
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Shen, Wei-Ta, and 沈威達. "The relationship of Costco shopping centers among store impression, consumer emotions and customer loyalty." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31052735798647932214.
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碩士中國文化大學
觀光休閒事業管理研究所碩士在職專班
96
Technological innovation represents the coming of a new era. Advancement of electronic information and media promotes rapid economic growth in Taiwan with higher GNP and better life quality. Life style is changed and consumer habits and behaviors are greatly different from before. Department stores and supermarkets in narrow space with monotonous commodity combination can no longer satisfy the new life style in the 21st century. What will take over are the shopping centersa brand new combination of shopping, entertainment, fine cuisine, culture and vision. Through the investigation of perception of importance and survey on the combination of consumers’ impression, emotion and loyalty to the membershipbased large shopping center in Taiwan, Costco, this research intends to offer information to Costco and other large shopping centers by understanding customer thoughts to help large shopping centers establish the first step towards attracting customer emotions and create good store impression in order to enhance customer loyalty to the shopping centers. The research adopts variable analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and simple regression method to verify the relation among store impression, consumer emotions and customer loyalty. The study subject is Costco, and the study samples are consumers at the Neihu Store of Costco. A total of 300 questionnaires are distributed randomly and retrieved. The result of this research indicates that, customer emotions and create good store impression in order to enhance customer loyalty to the shopping centers.
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趙建中. "Decision-making analysis in the optimal portfolio of store types and store kinds in region shopping centers gross leasehold areas." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10262714781805176595.
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碩士國立成功大學
建築學系
87
In Taiwan region,the National Income(NI) are getting higher.People are having greater consuming potential these days. Therefore,the demand for region shopping centers in Taiwan has rised. However,the development-stratagem of region shopping centers here is still in the situation of chaos. An efficient norm concerning market demands, consumer behaviors, and constructing plans of region shopping centers has not been set up.For investors, this is indeed a high-risk thing to do. In a region shopping center''s development plan,for the investors,when it comes to choose the types of stores,the main investing goal are the best profits. Most profits come form the rent income of gross leasehold areas. Even so,the space arrangement of shopping center''s gross leasehold area are mostly based on the experience of the investors or architect''s design.Most investors don''t put it into consideration that each store type and store kind''s rent level and different square measure of gross leasehold area will have an influence on the benefits of the investors. This study is proceeding in the point of view of investors, analysing proper square measures for different store types and store kinds in gross leasehold areas. So, it emphasises in the rent levels of the type of stores and the kind of stores and also their future variables and tendency. From some previous studies, the feasures and suitable circumstances of each decision-making analysis are shown here. The main point of this study is to find the optimal return and minimum risk. I decided to use Markowitz''s portfolio theory as a core of my study. Because it also involves some variables and uncertainty, I use the fuzzy theory to give those variables some estimators. This will help the investors to find the efficient frontier, and at the same time, take the investor''s non-difference curve of risk into consideration, to find the most proper area utilization rule.
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Damian, Diana Simona. "The Impact of the Anchor Store on the Performance of a Commercial Centre (On the model of Sonae Sierra)." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/1454.
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Nesta tese de mestrado utilizamos um conjunto de dados relativos a
estabelecimentos comerciais para analisar a complexidade económica de um grande Centro
Comercial onde existem várias lojas que estão muito próximas entre si. Colocar um grande
número de lojas num mesmo local permite ao consumidor economizar tempo e gera
também uma rede complexa de externalidades e incentivos entre os lojistas e o mall
developer. Os Centros Comerciais planificados têm geralmente vários tipos de lojas,
nomeadamente as chamadas lojas-âncora, e vários retalhistas especializados que
comercializam bens e serviços diversos e em geral substitutos. Os consumidores estão a par
da qualidade e dos preços das lojas âncora e os Centros Comerciais não só lhes oferecem a
possibilidade de conhecer produtos de outros retalhistas, como lhes permitem desta forma,
economizar tempo e dinheiro. Nesta lógica, a colocação de ambos os tipos de
estabelecimentos comerciais possuem benefícios mútuos. Este trabalho analisa o impacto
das lojas-âncora no desempenho e resultados dos Centros Comerciais, e nos custos e
desempenho das outras lojas. A análise empírica demonstra que uma maior presença de
âncoras num centro comercial tem influência directa no aumento das vendas e,
consequentemente, dos preços de arrendamento das outras lojas existentes no Centro
Comercial em questão. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que as lojas-âncora
aumentam o poder de atracção da clientela medido pelo número de pessoas que visita o
Centro Comercial num dado momento, mas também que ultimamente, elas têm um menor
impacto nas vendas por visitante.This master thesis uses a unique data of mall store contracts in order to study the complex economic issue that arises when stores are placed together within a large shopping centre. Bringing a large number of stores together in a single location, economize on consumer search costs and create a complicated web of externalities and incentive issues between store owners and mall developer. Planned shopping centres usually have few department stores, as called anchor stores and multiple specialized retailers selling substitutable commodities in each commodity category. Consumers are aware of the quality and prices of the anchor’s commodities. Shopping centres give them the opportunity to learn about other retailer’s commodities, economizing their costly search and in this way collocation of both store types have mutual benefits. This thesis examines the impact of the anchor stores on the performance and results of the shopping centres and on the charges of the other stores. The empirical analysis shows that a greater presence of anchors in a mall directly increases the sales, and consequently the rents of non-anchor stores in a mall. We demonstrate that externalities are internalized by an efficient allocation of space and incentives across stores. We also show that they increase the customer drawing power measured as the number of people who visited the mall in a specific moment of time but lately they have a smaller impact on the sales per each person that visits the centre.
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Mahambane, Misaveni Abel. "Safety and security of consumers at retail stores in the Gauteng province : an assesment of security measures." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24500.
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Retail stores rely on consumers to maintain their businesses and growth. Much of their success depends on the safety and security of consumers. The more people come and buy the products, the more profitable the stores become. If the safety and security of consumers (or their perceptions thereof) at a shopping centre where a retail store is sited is in question, consumers may well stop frequenting such centres and do their shopping at other retail centres at which they perceive to be more safe and secure to do their shopping.
Consumers’ ‘peace-of-mind’ plays a vital role in their selection of which retail store(s) to frequent and will often determine whether a repeat visit will occur. The extent of incidents of crime of whatever nature at a particular shopping centre will also impact negatively on shoppers’ perceptions of ‘how safe it is to shop’ at particular centres.
Security measures differ from one retail store to another and also between the size and layout, as well as the location of the retail store. The rate at which criminal offences take place at retail stores is currently vague or unknown. Therefore, it is vital that specific risks confronting these retail stores should be identified and analysed with the intention of recommending specific security measures.
Business crime and violence present significant threats to consumers’ safety and security in South Africa. High levels of business associated crimes have compelled communities and business bodies such as retail stores to provide their own security for the protection of their assets, as well as consumers.
Effective security measures are a prerequisite at retail stores to ensure the safety and security of consumers whilst visiting retail stores. Precaution ought to be taken when dealing with any crime problem that affects consumers at any business environment, in this study more precisely: retail stores.
The study explored the existing security measures at retail stores for the protection of consumers. The researcher employed qualitative methods: one-on-one interviews with participants and site observations at selected retail stores. There were 30 participants (20 consumers and 10 security officers).
The study found the following:
Retail stores were exposed to security risks such as theft; shoplifting; common robbery; armed robbery; fraud; arson and assaults (grievous bodily harm) and burglary.
The security measures that are currently in place are not adequate to protect retail stores. These security measures differ from one retail store to the next.
In order to improve safety and security at retail stores there should be a security standard that is applicable to the retail stores.
Based on the findings, some of the recommendations were as follows:
Retail stores should be protected in line with the level of risk of the area where the retail store is situated: low risk; medium risk; and high risk.
Security managers should conduct security awareness regularly.
Threat assessments should be conducted regularly as well.
Consumers are encouraged to report to the Security manager at the retail store any suspicious actions; persons; objects; and vehicles.Criminology and Security Science
M. Tech. (Security Management)