Journal articles: 'Straight-Line Mechanism'

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Lu, Shengnan, Dimiter Zlatanov, Xilun Ding, and Rezia Molfino. "A novel prism deployable mechanism based on straight-line mechanism." International Journal of Mechanisms and Robotic Systems 1, no. 2/3 (2013): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmrs.2013.057187.

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Hricko, Jaroslav. "Straight-Line Mechanisms as One Building Element of Small Precise Robotic Devices." Applied Mechanics and Materials 613 (August 2014): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.613.96.

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Small precise robotic devices, working on principle of compact compliant mechanisms, must meet the conditions to high positioning accuracy what mean moving in straight-line too. But, compliant mechanisms are usually produced by equivalent of revolute joints, therefore in design of small robotic devices is necessary apply knowledge from design of one type of specialized mechanisms – straight-line mechanisms. This paper presents some straight-line mechanism and its applications to design of some small precise robotic devices. According to kinematics analysis most known straight-line mechanisms are evaluated for their application in compliant mechanisms. Such devices are transformed to flexure structures. Consequently, these devices are important building blocks to design some linear-motion stages and/or micro-grippers.

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Gopal, V., M. S. Alphin, and R. Bharanidaran. "Design of Compliant Mechanism Microgripper Utilizing the Hoekens Straight Line Mechanism." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 49, no. 3 (July 12, 2019): 20190091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20190091.

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Yin, Lai Rong, Jian You Han, and Tong Yang. "A Synthesis and Optimal Method for Straight Line Mechanism with Burmester Points." Advanced Materials Research 199-200 (February 2011): 1240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.199-200.1240.

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When a Burmester point coincides with the Ball point at the inflection circle pole, given a fixed joint and the point, which is on the expecting straight-line and direction can synthesize an infinite number of mechanisms with coupler curve having a five-point contacts with its tangent, namely, Burmester point. Any displacement is corresponding to three four-bar straight-line linkages with the synthesis formulations given. The property charts, which include the bar ratio, the sum of bars, the relative straight-line length, mechanism types, and so on, are drawn by developing a mechanism software based on vc++6.0 with the solution region method. So the users can find out the involved linkages information intuitively, and also the aimlessness in choosing optimal mechanisms is avoided effectively.

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Kota, Sridhar, Arthur G. Erdman, and Donald R. Riley. "Development of Knowledge Base for Designing Linkage-Type Dwell Mechanisms: Part 1—Theory." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 109, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258795.

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Linkage-type mechanisms have certain advantages over cams for dwell applications. The design of a typical six-link dwell mechanism involves adding an output dyad to the basic four-bar mechanism that generates either a circular arc or a straight line portion of the coupler curve. The entire motion characteristics of these four-bar mechanisms should be considered in order to design a suitable dwell linkage. Part 1 of this paper is devoted to the study of four-bar linkages which generate straight line, circular arc and symmetrical curves. Part 2 discusses how the design experience gained in this study can be applied to develop an expert system for designing linkage-type dwell mechanisms. Using path curvature theory and design charts developed by Tesar, et al., hundreds of four-bar straight-line mechanisms are systematically investigated. Based on the typical shapes of coupler curves these mechanisms are then classified. A synthesis technique has been developed to design four-bar mechanisms for circular arc generation. Symmetrical coupler curves with straight-line or circular-arc segments, which are required for designing double-dwell mechanisms, are studied. This paper is part of the research that is underway to develop an “expert system” for designing mechanisms to generate straight lines, circular arcs, symmetrical curves, parallel motion and dwell.

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Yin, Lairong, Long Huang, Juan Huang, Peng Xu, Xuejun Peng, and Peng Zhang. "Synthesis Theory and Optimum Design of Four-bar Linkage with Given Angle Parameters." Mechanical Sciences 10, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-545-2019.

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Abstract. In this paper, a synthesis method is proposed for the 5-point-contact four-bar linkage that approximates a straight line with given angle parameters. The given parameters were the angles and the location of the Ball point. Synthesis equations were derived for a general Ball–Burmester point case, the Ball–Burmester point at an inflection pole, and the Ball point that coincided with two Burmester points, resulting in three respective groups of bar linkages. Next, taking Ball–Burmester point as the coupler point, two out of the three bar-linkage combinations were used to generate three four-bar mechanisms that shared the same portion of a rectilinear trajectory. Computation examples were presented, and nine cognate straight-line mechanisms were obtained based on the Roberts-Chebyshev theory. Considering that the given parameters were angles which was arbitrarily chosen, with the other two serving as the horizontal and vertical axes, so the solution region graphs of the solutions for three mechanism configurations were plotted. Based on these graphs, the distribution of the mechanism attributes was obtained with high efficiency. By imposing constraints, the optimum mechanism solution was straightforwardly identified by the designers. For the angular parameters prescribed in this paper, the solutions for three straight-line mechanism configurations were obtained, along with nine cognate straight-line mechanisms that shared the same portion of the rectilinear trajectory. All the fixed pivot installation locations and motion performances differed, thus providing multiple solutions to the trajectory of the synthesis of mechanisms.

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Boyan, CHANG, YANG Shuai, JIN Guoguang, ZHANG Zhuan, and ZHU Yongjie. "Motion Analysis of Spatial Deployable Mechanism Driven in Straight Line." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 56, no. 5 (2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2020.05.192.

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Pharate, V. V. "Kinematic Synthesis And Optimum Selection Of Planar Straight Line Mechanism." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 17, no. 01 (March 2017): 06–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-17010020610.

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Hu, A. P., De Jun Kong, and W. Zhu. "Study on Synthesis of Hinged Four-Bar Linkage Straight-Line Mechanism Using Three Symmetric Points." Key Engineering Materials 426-427 (January 2010): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.426-427.330.

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Based on the fact that symmetric coupler curve can have three different tangent points with given straight-line, the three symmetric points of coupler locus was specified, and they was made into symmetric tangent points to determine the position of instant centre method. The size of the hinged four-bar linkage straight-line mechanism is determined using the position of instant centre method. The results were shown that coupler locus curve is obtained with this approach that is approximated with the intended straight-line precisely, and the basis of this approach is simpler than other analytic approaches.

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Yae, Kazuo. "Application of Straight-Line Motion Mechanism to the Oar Motion Mechanism of Rowing Boat." Journal of the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers 6 (2007): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2534/jjasnaoe.6.281.

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INNAMI, Michio. "1P1-A18 Design of an Approximate Straight Line Mechanism Using GA." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2010 (2010): _1P1—A18_1—_1P1—A18_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2010._1p1-a18_1.

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S. M., Rasiq, Jeevan K. M., and S. Krishnakumar. "A Fast-Efficient parallel processing algorithm for straight line detection." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 1320. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1320-1326.

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<p>This work presents a novel method for detecting straight lines in an image at a very high speed with optimum number of processors and their functionalities. The method can be used to extract straight lines directly from an image without noise removal and pre-processing. First the square image is converted to a binary edge image using a parallel edge detection mechanism. The parallel edge detection mechanism used in this work is capable of producing edge image within a short time. Then the binary square image is transferred to a system having large number of Processing Elements (PEs). A PE has only limited jobs such as pixel scanning, compare line length with nearby PEs and transmit data to the Main Control Unit (MCU). The MCU collects data from all PEs and evaluates straight lines. Even if the number of PEs is high, it is comparatively very much less than the parallel Hough Transform method and practically implementable using recent ULSI technologies.</p>

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SHI, Y., H. SHEN, Z. YAO, and J. HU. "NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF STRAIGHT-LINE LASER FORMING UNDER THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT MECHANISM." Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 19, no. 2 (April 2006): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-7191(06)60036-7.

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李, 克勤. "Analysis and Implement of an Approximate Straight-Line Mechanism Based on MATLAB." Mechanical Engineering and Technology 10, no. 01 (2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/met.2021.101005.

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DUDA, Henryk, and Bogdan WARDA. "EFFECT OF STRAIGHT-LINE MECHANISM DESIGN ON THE LOAD DISTRIBUTION IN A CYCLOIDAL GEAR." Tribologia 279, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7009.

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In the cycloidal gear, the torque is transmitted to the planet gears via an eccentric shaft with central bearings mounted on it. A straight-line mechanism is used to output the torque from the planet gears to the output shaft, a mechanism which consists of rotational sleeves mounted on the pins rigidly connected to the output shaft disc. These sleeves roll off in the holes of the planetary wheel. The forces generated in the straight-line mechanism affect the distribution of forces in the cycloid gearing and the amount of force loading the central bearing. The article presents the influence of the number of bolts of the straight-line mechanism on the load distribution in the cycloidal gear. The research carried out with the simulation program has shown that the smaller the number of pins, the greater the fluctuation of the force acting in the central bearing and the greater unevenness of force distributions in the cycloidal gear. This unevenness may cause a decrease in fatigue life of the meshing and central bearings.

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Dijksman, E. A. "A Modified Design for λ-Type Double-Cranks to Approximate a Straight Line." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 110, no. 4 (December 1, 1988): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258943.

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Double-cranks containing a Chebyshev-dyad are investigated for their use as a straight-line mechanism. The three available design degrees of freedom have been used for the optimization of the minimum transmission angle, for the minimization of the maximum deviation and for the length L of the straight-stretch in the coupler curve. The resulting double-cranks are shown to have deviations that are about half as large as for those in which the coupler point lies on the extension of the coupler. For any maximum deviation, the length L of the straight-stretch also appears to be about 1.5 times as long as the one obtained when Ball’s point lies at the base of the design. A graph showing the maximum deviation as a function of L allows the designer to pick his choice mechanism. A table also will be of help to find accurate dimensions of the mechanism that yields a given deviation or a given length L of the straight part in the coupler curve.

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17

Yin, Lairong, Long Huang, Juan Huang, Lei Tian, and Fangyi Li. "Solution-region-based synthesis approach for selecting optimal four-bar linkages with the Ball–Burmester point." Mechanical Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-25-2019.

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Abstract. In this paper, we present a solution-region-based synthesis approach for selecting optimal four-bar linkages with a Ball–Burmester point. We discuss both general and special cases of the Burmester point that coincide with the Ball point at the pole of the inflection circle. Given the coordinates of one fixed joint, any point on the target's straight line, and the direction of this straight line, we can synthesize an infinite number of mechanisms using a coupler curve with five-point contacts with its tangent by adopting the proposed approach. Each initial parameter corresponds to three side links that can generate three four-bar mechanisms. We generate different mechanism property charts by developing mechanism software that enables users to intuitively identify relevant linkage information and select the optimal linkage. This novel approach is a visualized analytical method for synthesizing and selecting optimal four-bar linkages with one Ball–Burmester point on its coupler curve.

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18

Yin, Lai Rong, Jian You Han, Juan Huang, and Tong Yang. "A General Method for Synthesizing Straight-Line Linkage with Ball and Burmester Points." Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.138.

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For straight-line linkage synthesis with Ball or Burmerster points, the traditional calculating method is separated, and lack of unitarity. In this paper, we derived the general formulae of kinematic analysis for link-point of four-bar mechanism, including velocity, acceleration, one time rate of acceleration change, and two times rate of acceleration. So the four-bar straight-line linkage whether with Ball or Burmester point can be verified. And then, the synthesis methods are unified theoretically. An illustrative example is given to verify the correctness of formulae derived. This approach is a novel analytical method for verifying and synthesis four-bar linkages with four and five infinitesimally separated positions of the point falling on a straight-line.

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VERETENNIKOV, IGOR, ALEXANDRA INDEIKINA, and HSUEH-CHIA CHANG. "Front dynamics and fingering of a driven contact line." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 373 (October 25, 1998): 81–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098002390.

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Using photographic imaging and dye tracking experiments, we scrutinize the dynamics of a contact line when a finite volume of partially wetting fluid is driven by gravity to spread over a slightly inclined dry plane. Unlike spreading mechanisms driven by molecular forces, gravity-driven spreading over a dry plane is shown to possess a characteristic interfacial ‘nose’ that overhangs the contact line when the film thickness is in excess of the capillary length. A unique recirculating vortex exists within the nose front which spreads at speeds corresponding to capillary numbers in excess of 10−2. Our experiments show that fingering from a gravity-driven straight front occurs when the above nose configuration cannot be sustained across the entire front as the film thins and the apparent contact angle θ reaches π/2. The fingers retain the nose configuration while the remaining segments of the front evolve into a wedge configuration and stop abruptly due to their large resistance to fluid flow. This fingering mechanism is insensitive to fluid wettability, noise or surface heterogeneity. Via matched asymptotics, we obtain accurate estimates of fingering position and speed at θ=π/2 that are in good agreement with measured values. This new mechanism is distinct from other instability and sensitivity fingering mechanisms and can be in play whenever θ of the straight front approaches π/2 from above as the film thins.

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ABE, Minoru, Makoto KANEKO, and Shoichiro NISHIZAWA. "Basic Study on the Six-Legged Locomotion Machine Using an Approximate Straight-Line Mechanism." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 21, no. 6 (1985): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.21.624.

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Jieqiong, Fu, Bu Leping, Li Hailin, and Zhang Yong. "Research about a Kind of Gantry Type Single-side Drive Straight Line Motion Mechanism." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1605 (August 2020): 012100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1605/1/012100.

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Dijksman, Evert A. "The inverted slider-crank used for the design of an approximate straight-line mechanism." Forschung im Ingenieurwesen 61, no. 5 (May 1995): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02628985.

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Lyon, S. M., P. A. Erickson, M. S. Evans, and L. L. Howell. "Prediction of the First Modal Frequency of Compliant Mechanisms Using the Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model." Journal of Mechanical Design 121, no. 2 (June 1, 1999): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829459.

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The pseudo-rigid-body modeling technique is used to simplify the nonlinear analysis of compliant mechanisms. This paper presents the first work that investigates the possibility of using the pseudo-rigid-body model to predict the first modal response of compliant mechanisms. Four different configurations of the parallel-guiding mechanism are modeled and tested, as well as two configurations of compliant straight-line mechanisms. The model predictions of the first natural frequencies were compared with experimental results for all six mechanism configurations. The model predictions are within 9 percent of the experimental results for all cases.

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Сальков, Николай, and Nikolay Sal'kov. "Formation of Cyclic Surfaces in Kinetic Geometry." Geometry & Graphics 5, no. 4 (December 13, 2017): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a17fbe3680f52.30844454.

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This paper is an evolution of the "Kinematic Compliance of Rotating Spaces" paper, previously published in the "Geometry and Graphics" journal №1, 2013. A great many of mechanisms are making rotational movement, wherein rotating parts of one mechanism are "invading" into a rotation zone belonging to parts of another rotating mechanism. The challenge is to prevent the collision of rotating parts belonging to two or more details with each other. This problem is particularly sensitive for machine engineering. In space navigation, where, in principle, there are no objects that are at rest, the problem of satellites collision with astronomical bodies rotating around their axes is also the urgent one. Therefore, the theory of kinematic matching for rotating spaces R31 and R32 when they are moving independently from each other is urgent too. Each of two considered spaces may have a uniform or non-uniform movement in a given direction, a curved movement or a rotational movement around the axis specified for each space. In this paper has been considered the formation of cyclic surfaces obtained by rotation of one space relative to another one and different orientations of the generating line relative to the axes. Has been considered one of the options for rotating spaces, when their axes are parallel. In such a case the generating line is located in the following positions: it is straight and parallel to the axis; it is straight and intersects the axis; the rectilinear generator is in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the axes; the generating line is a straight line of general position; the generating line is a space curve. Has been demonstrated application of the rotating spaces theory in mining, chemical and machine tool industries, made in the form of inventions, confirmed by copyright certificates of the USSR.

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Kota, S. "Generic Models for Designing Dwell Mechanisms: A Novel Kinematic Design of Stirling Engines as an Example." Journal of Mechanical Design 113, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912803.

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The desirable motion characteristics of mechanisms are so implicit that they are difficult to express analytically. Our design methodology involves development of generic design models through abstractions of entire emotion characteristics. We have developed a finite set of generic models (for straight-line, circular-arc, and dwell mechanisms) that represents the entire design space in the sense that a given design specification falls under at least one of the generic design models. This paper presents the generic design models for four-bar straight-line, circular arc, and six-bar dwell linkage mechanisms. The models presented here provide ready-made designs for many dwell applications. We have also presented a new concept in mechanisms design in which multiple coupler points on a four-bar linkage are used to drive different output dyads resulting in multiple dwell outputs. Finally, a new mechanism for the opposed piston stirling engine is presented to illustrate the use of generic design models and the application of a single-input controlling dual output motions with dwells.

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Gangadhara, R. T. "On the pulsar radiation mechanism." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100041427.

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Pulsars have typical magnetic field strengths between 108and 1012G. Therefore, even if the particles are produced with nonzero perpendicular component of velocity at the pole, they radiate out this component quickly due to synchrotron radiation. Therefore, the motion of a particle along a field line becomes one dimensional in regions where filed lines are straight. However, when they move along the curved magnetic field lines, they get accelerated due to the centrifugal force. They gain again the perpendicular energy at the expense of parallel energy, but can not gyrate in the curved field lines and hence do not experience any curvature or gradient drifts.

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Chen, C.-M., and R.-F. Fung. "The effects of geometric offsets on the dynamic responses of a Scott—Russell amplifying mechanism with flexible hinges." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 223, no. 10 (June 29, 2009): 2413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1357.

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The dynamic equations of a micro-positioning Scott—Russell (SR) mechanism associated with two flexible hinges and an offset are developed to calculate output responses. Both rigid and flexible hinges are considered to explore the results. The main features in the kinematics of the SR mechanism are its displacement amplification and straight-line motion, which are widely needed in practical industries. The manufacturing inaccuracy of the SR mechanism definitely causes geometric offsets of flexure hinges, and affects displacement amplification and straight-line output motion. Analytical models based on kinematics and Hamilton's principle are derived to explore the variation of linearity ratio, magnification factor, and deviation factor due to various offsets and link lengths. From numerical simulations for the SR mechanism with various offsets of flexible hinges in the conditions of different link lengths, it is found that offsets of flexure hinges obviously affect the amplifying factor and linearity ratio, and appear to dominate the changes of magnification factors. Moreover, an analytical model is also used to predict magnification factors due to various offsets. Finally, some conclusions concerning the effects of offset on the performance of the SR mechanism are drawn.

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Subbarayan, G., and A. Deshpande. "The Nature of Centroidal Locus in Misaligned Flip-Chip Solder Joints." Journal of Electronic Packaging 119, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792228.

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The self-alignment mechanism of molten flip-chip solder joints is being increasingly used in passive alignment of optoelectronic devices. For these applications, three-dimensional models of misaligned solder joints are necessary to understand the effect of solder joint design parameters on self alignment. To reduce the complexity of fully three-dimensional models, intuitively reasonable assumptions are often made in their theoretical development. Two such assumptions for misaligned flip-chip solder joints with circular pads are that the locus of centroids is a straight line and that the cross sections are circular in shape. In the present paper, the limits of validity of these two assumptions are explored. In general, if either the top and bottom pad radii are identical, or if there is no misalignment between the pads, then the centroidal locus is a straight line and the cross sections are circular. The extent of deviation from straight line centroidal locus or circular cross section depends on the ratio of the top and bottom pad radii and on the extent of misalignment between the pads. For a misalignment equal to 20 percent of the solder joint height and a joint with 90 percent pad diameter ratio, the deviation from straight line locus is 7 percent and the deviation from circularity is less than 1 percent. However, as the pad ratio is decreased to 50 percent, and as the misalignment is increased to 100 percent, the deviation in centroidal locus increases to 43 percent and the deviation from circularity increases to 33 percent. Thus, straight line locus and circular cross sections are reasonable assumptions for flip-chip solder joints provided the pad diameter ratio and misalignment are small.

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Zhang, Y., R. G. Fenton, and J. Xu. "Two Station Geneva Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919427.

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A conventional Geneva mechanism must have at least three radial slots (stations). This paper shows that it is possible to design a Geneva mechanism with only two slots, provided that the shape of the slot is not a straight radial line but a curved line. The design procedure of the two slot Geneva wheel is outlined in this paper. In addition, two different methods are provided to reduce the size of the slot and change its shape in order to make the mechanism feasible for practical applications. The reduction of the slot size is achieved either by choosing appropriate values for α0, which is the half indexing angle of the crank, or by using the method of offsetting. The offsetting technique presents an excellent capability of suitably altering the slot shape without affecting the kinematic properties of the mechanism. The paper also shows the superior kinematic characteristics of Geneva wheels having two slots. The design and manufacture of these mechanisms are simple, and they have a good potential for wide ranging practical applications.

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Yáñez-Valdez, R., M. Ruiz-Torres, E. Morales-Sánchez, E. Castillo-Castañeda, and J. A. Briones-León. "Resolution of a 3 RRR Planar Parallel Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 15 (August 2009): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.15.61.

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This paper proposes a methodology to analyze the resolution and variations in the positions of the 3RRR planar parallel mechanism driven by electrical actuators of discrete steps. This methodology consists of graphing and plotting all the possible combinations of angular movements of a three legs mechanism. This generates a “cloud of points” that will be the boundary of the control limits, so as to find the closest trajectory to a straight line. It was found that resolution, accuracy, and the approximation error improves when micro-steps are employed. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine direct and inverse kinematics, in order to calculate the workspace. A prototype was built to validate the methodology proposed.

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Li, Chao, Min Wang, and Dun Wen Zuo. "Research on Theory and Technique of Point Form Grinding for Quadratic Surface Flank of Twist Drill." Key Engineering Materials 315-316 (July 2006): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.315-316.56.

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A new principle and technology of point form grinding for quadratic surface flank of twist drill was investigated. It broke through the traditional straight-line generator grinding method for the conical and the spiral drills. The principle of implementation mechanism was given in the paper. The trueness and feasibility of the method had been approved in the experiments, and the quadratic surface twist drill such as hyperboloid, ellipsoid and hyperboloid-ellipsoid compound flank had been grinded on the mechanism.

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Jeon, Jun-Seo, Seung-Rae Lee, Min-Jun Kim, and Seok Yoon. "Suggestion of a Scale Factor to Design Spiral-Coil-Type Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): 2736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102736.

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Spiral-coil-type horizontal ground heat exchangers (GHEs) have been increasingly used in ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems due to their higher heat transfer performance. Many attempts have been made to investigate the heat transfer mechanism and establish design methods for the spiral-coil-type ground heat exchangers. Nevertheless, a universal design method for horizontal GHEs has not been reported due to its complexity. In contrast to the spiral-coil-type horizontal GHEs, straight-line-type horizontal GHEs have been widely adopted since they are easy to design for use in industry. In this study, a scale factor model, which could be used to design the coil-type exchanger based on the design length of a straight-line-type heat exchanger, was presented. The ratio of the mean thermal transfer energy between the straight-line-type and spiral-coil-type heat exchangers was numerically investigated by considering weather condition, configuration of GHE, and thermal properties of the ground. Using the numerical results for a total of 108 cases, artificial neural network and linear regression methods were employed for the model development. The proposed model of the scale factor may provide an alternative way to design the spiral-coil-type horizontal GHEs.

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Fenton, R. G., Y. Zhang, and J. Xu. "Development of a New Geneva Mechanism With Improved Kinematic Characteristics." Journal of Mechanical Design 113, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912749.

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A Geneva wheel with curved slots is proposed as an intermittent rotary motion generating mechanism. The proposed mechanism has vastly improved kinematic characteristics. Changing the slot shape from a straight radial line to a curved line results in the elimination of shock loading at the beginning and end of the motion cycles and reduces the wheel peak velocity and peak acceleration values, making this new mechanism well suited for high speed applications. In addition, the designer can freely select the dwell to motion time ratio of the wheel. Furthermore, this paper presents a great improvement to the design of a curve slotted Geneva wheel, by introducing an offset to the curved slot. The offsetting technique, which does not alter the kinematic characteristics of the mechanism, modifies the shape of the slot. A suitable offset can yield a curved slot acceptable for practical applications. This development provides an important tool for designing a simple, practical and reliable intermittent motion generating mechanism with excellent kinematic characteristics.

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Tao, Guanghong, and Lijin Fang. "A multi-unit serial inspection robot for power transmission lines." Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application 46, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-09-2018-0195.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a robot mechanism designed for power transmission line inspection. The focus for this design is on obstacle-crossing ability with a goal to create a robot moving and crossing obstacle on not only the straight line but also the steering line. Design/methodology/approach A novel four-unit tri-arm serial robot mechanism is proposed. Every novel unit designed for pitching motion is based on parallelogram structure, which is driven by cables and only one motor. There is gripper-wheel compounding mechanism mounted on the arm. The prototype and obstacle environments are established, and the obstacle-crossing experiments are conducted. Findings The novel unit mechanism and robot prototype have been tested in the lab. The prototype has demonstrated the obstacle-crossing ability when moving and crossing fundamental obstacles on the line. The experimental results show that the robot mechanism meets the obstacle-crossing requirements. Practical implications The novel robot technology can be used for defect inspection of power transmission line by power companies. Social implications It stands to lower the intense and risk of inspection works and reduce the costs related to inspection. Originality/value Innovative features include its architecture, mobility and driving method.

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Liu, Xin Qin. "The Mechanical Performance Evaluation of a Mechanism with Curved Edge Driving Component." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 1290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.1290.

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Mechanicalmethods were employed to study the motion and force transmission performance ofa kind of connecting rod slider mechanism with a curved edge driving component.The deduction methods and the computation formulae of the slider displacement,velocity, acceleration and the executive force gain coefficient were given.Considering two cases of the driving components with straight line edge andexponential function edge, the numerical examples was computed respectively,the results show that the former one is suitable for the force transmission andcan be used in the grip design and the other one is suitable for the motiontransmission which can be used in the fast moving mechanism

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Xiao, Li Ping, and Wen Jun Wei. "The Processing Method and Discuss of Curved Surface Based on Spatial Linkage Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.899.

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Compared with the free surface, the ruled surface is a linear set of parameters, and is obtained by a straight line moving in space along the curve trajectory, and tts modern processing methods are all complex and high cost. Spatial linkage mechanism has many features such as simple structure, easily control, sports continuous and so on, and the initiative crank continuous rotating drives the mechanism, at the same time, the rod length, the motion pair length or the twist angle is changed, which the cutter with start position fixed on a point of the rod main moves along the given curve, and feed moves straightly along the rod itself, so, the ruled surface was processed. The method is uncomplicated, and achieves high efficiency and high precision continuous line contact surface parts finishing, operating easily and saving cost.

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Winter, D. A., F. Prince, J. S. Frank, C. Powell, and K. F. Zabjek. "Unified theory regarding A/P and M/L balance in quiet stance." Journal of Neurophysiology 75, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): 2334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.75.6.2334.

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1. Control of posture in quiet stance has been quantified by center of pressure (COP) changes in the anterior-posterior (A/P) and medial-lateral (M/L) directions from a single force platform. Recording from a single force platform, researchers are unable to recognize two separate mechanisms that become evident when two force platforms are used. Depending on the stance position taken, many combinations of an ankle mechanism and a hip (load/unload) mechanism are evident. In side-by-side stance, A/P balance is totally under ankle (plantar/dorsiflexor) control, whereas M/L balance is under hip (abductor/adductor) control. In tandem stance, the A/P balance is dominated by the hip mechanism, with mixed and small or sometimes negligible contributions by the ankle plantar/dorsiflexors: for M/L balance, the reverse is evident; ankle invertors/evertors dominate, with mixed and small contribution from the hip load/unload mechanism. In an intermediate 45 degrees stance position, both ankle and hip mechanisms contribute to the net balance control in totally different ways. In the M/L direction the two strategies reinforce, whereas in the A/P direction the ankle mechanism must overcome and cancel most of the inappropriate contribution by the hip load/unload mechanism. A spatial plot of the separate mechanisms reveals the fact that the random-looking COP scatter plot is nothing more than a spatial and temporal summation of two separate spatial plots. A straight line joining the individual COPs under each foot is the load/unload line controlled by the hip mechanism. At right angles to this load/unload line in the side-by-side and tandem positions is the independent control line by the ankle muscles. In an intermediate standing position, the separate control lines exist, but now the ankle control is not orthogonal to the load/unload line; rather, it acts at an angle of approximately 60 degrees. The direction of these ankle control and load/unload lines also allows us to pinpoint the muscle groups responsible at the ankle and hip in any of the stance positions.

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Wang, Jieyu, Yanan Yao, and Xianwen Kong. "A rolling mechanism with two modes of planar and spherical linkages." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 12 (June 4, 2015): 2110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215590188.

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A novel deformable rolling mechanism is proposed in this paper. The mechanism can switch between two modes: a planar linkage mode and a spherical linkage mode. In the planar linkage mode, the mechanism rolls like a planar four-bar mechanism and moves along a straight line. In the spherical linkage mode, the mechanism rolls as a spherical four-bar mechanism and moves along a polygon. A standing posture, which likes an upright pyramid, of the rolling mechanism is also identified. After the description of the novel mechanism, the kinematic analysis of the mechanism is presented, and appropriate control strategies are proposed. Then, the rolling conditions of the mechanism are investigated based on the zero-moment-point theory. Finally, the various modes of the mechanism are verified by both simulations and prototype experiments.

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Fujita, Tsuyoshi, and Hiroyasu Iwabe. "C030 Study on Evaluation of Cutting Performance of Ball End Mill with Straight-line Path Method for Inclined Surface Using 3D-CAD : Influence of Feed Direction on Cutting Mechanism." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2013.7 (2013): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2013.7.438.

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Naumov, Ivan, Oleg Tolstunov, and Larisa Perekhrestenko. "Synthesis of an interpolation algorithm straight-line segment at planning the trajectory of a degenerate two-tier mechanism." MATEC Web of Conferences 132 (2017): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713205011.

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Li, Song, Ji Cheng Zhang, Lei Ming, Xiao Lei Liu, and Li Yong Jiang. "Rear Add-on Device for Drag Reduction of Van Body Truck." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 1139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.1139.

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In this work, to reduce the drag of a van body truck, an aerodynamic device is fixing on the aft-body with different angle of declination and shape of the wing. The effects of reducing drag are studied by the methods of Numerical Simulation. And then the mechanism is discussed. The paper selects four rear add-on devices with different obliquity by 5deg, 10deg, 15deg and 20deg. And the shape of the wing is defined as straight line and curve, respectively. Seen from the results of numerical simulation, the rear add-on device can reduce the drag effectively. When the declination angle is 15deg, the effect is the best and the drag of the truck model is reduced by 8.9%. Furthermore, when the add-on plate is changed from contouring with straight line into Witozinsky curve in the same declination angle, the drag can reduce about another 3%. With the optimum declination angle and wing shape, the drag of the truck model is reduced 11.98%.

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Isogai, Masahiro, and Toshio Fukuda. "Moving Mechanism of and Control Method for a Vibration-Driven Electromagnet-Type Microrobot (Mathematical Model of Microrobot Running Straight, Investigations of Characteristics of Microrobot Running Straight and Turning by Simulation and Experiments)." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 24, no. 1 (February 20, 2012): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2012.p0158.

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Large numbers of studies have focused on microrobots and numerous contests are held annually to develop microrobot technologies. These activities have resulted in that various types of microrobots have been proposed. They include motor, piezoelectric-element, and electromagnet microrobots. We consider a mechanism of movement and a method of control for an electro-magnet microrobot that both runs in a straight line and turns using a single electromagnet coil by adjusting the direction of the robot’s permanent magnets and the input voltage applied to the electromagnet coil. The microrobot’s straight running forward is modeled mathematically and its motion features are studied on horizontal and inclined planes through simulation and some experiments. In addition, turning characteristics is studied using an experiment.

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Li, Jie, Rui Feng Guo, Zhi Xiang Shao, and Shang Bin Wang. "Design and Implementation of Virtual NC Real-Time Machining Process Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.659.

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After the virtual NC real-time machining process control technology is studied, we design the NC code interpreter using the pipeline control method of overlapped resources in this paper. In order to improve the availability of interpreter, the design adopts the function pointer array and expression evaluation algorithm. By using two methods, the scalability is enhanced. Also the versatility is improved by using keywords information table to some extent. The system achieves a straight line and arc of the trajectory interpolation by the digital sampling algorithm and makes the efficiency improved by using RCS communication mechanism, windows thread and timing mechanism.

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Lian, Peiqing, Taizhong Duan, Rui Xu, Linlin Li, and Meng Li. "Pressure behavior of shale-gas flow in dual porous medium based on fractal theory." Interpretation 6, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): SN1—SN10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2018-0002.1.

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The shale gas reservoir is a complex subject with a multiscale nanopore and fracture system, and the gas flow mechanism indicates an evident difference from the conventional gas reservoir. We have introduced fractal theory to characterize the multiscale distribution of pores and fractures, and we have developed a single-phase radial flow model considering nonequilibrium adsorption to describe the flow characteristics in the shale gas reservoir. The numerical solution of the flow model in Euclidean space is obtained by inversing the analytical solution derived in Laplace space through the Stehfest numerical inversion method, and the log-log curve of the dimensionless bottom-hole pressure (BHP) and its derivative versus dimensionless time are analyzed. The log-log curve of the dimensionless BHP has two distinct straight-line segments: The unit slope line reflects early well-storage effect, and the straight line with slope [Formula: see text] reflects reservoir fractal characteristics. The slope of the straight line will become smaller with the increasing fractal dimension. The adsorption coefficient mainly affects the middle and late period of the log-log curves, and more shale gas will desorb from the matrix with the increasing adsorption coefficient. The wellbore storage coefficient has a significant negative correlation with dimensionless BHP especially at the early and transitional stages. The skin factor mainly affects the transition section; a smaller skin factor generally leads to the earlier appearance of the transition section. In addition, a smaller interporosity flow coefficient also results in an earlier transition stage appearance. The lower storativity ratio means a higher dimensionless BHP and an earlier appearance of the transition stage.

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Radaelli, G., and J. L. Herder. "A potential energy field (PEF) approach to the design of a compliant self-guiding statically-balanced straight-line mechanism." Mechanism and Machine Theory 114 (August 2017): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2017.04.007.

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BLOW, MATTHEW L., and JULIA M. YEOMANS. "SURFACE EVOLVER SIMULATIONS OF DROPS ON MICROPOSTS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 23, no. 08 (August 2012): 1240013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918311240013x.

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An important feature in the design of superhydrophobic surfaces is their robustness against collapse from the Cassie–Baxter configuration to the Wenzel state. Upon such a transition a surface loses its properties of low adhesion and friction. We describe how to adapt the Surface Evolver algorithm to predict the parameters and mechanism of the collapse transition on posts of arbitrary shape. In particular, contributions to the free energy evaluated over the solid–liquid surface are reduced to line integrals to give good convergence. The algorithm is validated for straight, vertical and inclined, posts. Numerical results for curved posts with a horizontal section at their ends show that these are more efficient in stabilizing the Cassie state than straight posts, and identify whether the interface first depins from the post sides or the post tips.

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Wang, Xu Dong, Ning Ning Ren, and Xiao Zhuo Xu. "Design and Research of a PMLSM-Driven Elevator Door Machine." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5707.

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Most of the existing elevator door driven by rotary motors, this paper used to design the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor as the Drive Fixed Motor, the door can eliminate the need of drive mechanism between the motor and the door, direct drive door in a straight line, improve reliability and security of the door machine. Through experimental analysis, the design uses DSP and Intelligent Power Module (IPM) combination of control system for elevator door operation by setting curve and stable operation.

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Hirose, Masato, and Kenichi Ogawa. "Honda humanoid robots development." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1850 (November 17, 2006): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1917.

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Honda has been doing research on robotics since 1986 with a focus upon bipedal walking technology. The research started with straight and static walking of the first prototype two-legged robot. Now, the continuous transition from walking in a straight line to making a turn has been achieved with the latest humanoid robot ASIMO. ASIMO is the most advanced robot of Honda so far in the mechanism and the control system. ASIMO's configuration allows it to operate freely in the human living space. It could be of practical help to humans with its ability of five-finger arms as well as its walking function. The target of further development of ASIMO is to develop a robot to improve life in human society. Much development work will be continued both mechanically and electronically, staying true to Honda's ‘challenging spirit’.

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Dang, Bao Ying. "Study on the Control of Anti-Lock Braking System Simulation Based on Fuzzy PID Control." Advanced Materials Research 950 (June 2014): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.950.239.

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This paper presents a single wheel model which can make the car to maintain linear motion during braking based on elaborating control mechanism of Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). PID control and fuzzy PID control were used to control the single wheel model. According to the properties of PID control and fuzzy PID control to establish brake model of automobile straight-line-braking by using Matlab software and Simulink module. The results show that fuzzy PID controller presents a better effect and has a better adaptability.

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Luo, Zhong Hua, and She Huan Li. "Optimization Design for Crank Arc Guide Bar Gathering Mechanism of Crab Claw Type Loading Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.547.

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This paper conducts a comprehensive study on the optimization design for crank arc guide bar gathering mechanism of crab claw type loading machine. The optimization aim is to make reality locus of gathering claw end-point be as in-accordance as possible with ideal locus, and so on. Formulae are derived for displacement of gathering claw end-point and position angle of the gathering claw. An optimization design model is established for the crank arc guide bar gathering mechanism. The crank arc guide bar gathering mechanism is optimized of crab claw type loading machine with 2100 mm wide, and the optimization result is satisfactory. Compared to the optimized crank straight line guide bar gathering mechanism in literature [2], the locus error function of gathering claw end-point has been largely improved with a reduction of 25.8%.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Straight-Line Mechanism'

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