Academic literature on the topic 'Straight piles'
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Journal articles on the topic "Straight piles"
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Khan, M. Kamran, M. Hesham El Naggar, and Mohamed Elkasabgy. "Compression testing and analysis of drilled concrete tapered piles in cohesive-frictional soil." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 45, no. 3 (March 2008): 377–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-107.
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When pile driving is difficult and (or) economically not viable, cast-in-place piles are indispensable. Tapered piles, which have top cross-sections larger than the bottom cross-sections, have the potential for substantial advantages over conventional straight-sided piles. This paper investigates the construction and performance of innovative drilled concrete tapered piles. A full-scale pile load-testing program was conducted to evaluate the axial compressive capacity of drilled concrete tapered piles in frictional soil. One straight and three tapered augers were designed and manufactured to produce six piles. The piles that were constructed and tested included four tapered and two straight piles. The testing results showed that tapered piles with a taper angle varying between 0.95° and 1.91° had a load carrying capacity up to 50% higher than the straight-sided piles with equal volume. It should be noted, however, that the experimental results are site specific. Moreover, an analytical expression was developed to evaluate the pile taper effect on its shaft capacity in terms of a taper coefficient, Kt. The value of Kt evaluated from the analytical expression compared well with experimentally measured values. Finally, a two dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the load test conditions, and it proved to be successful.
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El Naggar, M. Hesham, and Jin Qi Wei. "Uplift behaviour of tapered piles established from model tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-090.
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Tapered piles have a substantial advantage with regard to their load-carrying capacity in the downward frictional mode. The uplift performance of tapered piles, however, has not been fully understood. This paper describes the results of an experimental investigation into the characteristics of the uplift performance of tapered piles. Three instrumented steel piles with different degrees of taper were installed in cohesionless soil and subjected to compressive and tensile load tests. The soil was contained in a steel soil chamber and pressurized using an air bladder to facilitate modelling the confining pressures pertinent to larger embedment depths. The results of this study indicated that the pile axial uplift capacity increased with an increase in the confining pressure for all piles examined in this study. The ratios of uplift to compressive load for tapered piles were less than those for straight piles of the same length and average embedded diameter. The uplift capacity of tapered piles was found to be comparable to that of straight-sided wall piles at higher confining pressure values, suggesting that the performance of actual tapered piles (with greater length) would be comparable to that of straight-sided wall piles. Also, the results indicated that residual stresses developed during the compressive loading phase and their effect were more significant on the initial uplift capacity of piles, and this effect was more pronounced for tapered piles in medium-dense sand.Key words: tapered piles, uplift, axial response, load transfer, experimental modelling.
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Kong, Desen, Meixu Deng, and Yazhou Li. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Deformation Characteristics of Inclined and Straight Alternating Pile Groups." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (March 23, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8394182.
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In order to investigate the bearing characteristics of inclined straight alternating pile groups under vertical and horizontal loads, the indoor model test of 2 × 2 inclined straight alternating pile groups with two layers of soil on low pile caps was carried out, the manufacturing method of inclined straight alternating pile groups was studied, and the test scheme was reasonably designed. In the test, the fast maintenance load method was used to simulate vertical loads, and the horizontal force loading frame was designed to simulate horizontal loads. The experimental data were obtained by pasting strain gauges on the pile body, and the computer was used to process the data according to the mechanical formula. The distribution of axial force, lateral friction resistance, and end resistance of each characteristic pile of the pile group foundation was obtained, and the settlement law of the pile group was analyzed. At the same time, combined with the test data and the existing theories, the interaction mechanism between pile caps, piles, and soil of inclined and straight alternating pile groups is discussed. The load sharing characteristics between piles and pile caps are analyzed, and the horizontal load is in the proportion between straight piles and inclined piles. The stress characteristics of straight piles and pile groups in the pile group system are compared and analyzed, and some valuable conclusions are obtained.
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Manandhar, Suman, Noriyuki Yasufuku, Kiyoshi Omine, and Taizo Kobayashi. "Response of tapered piles in cohesionless soil based on model tests." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 40 (December 1, 2010): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v40i0.23613.
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This paper describes model tests of different types of tapered piles in cohesionless soils. Chromium plated three steel piles, one straight and two taper-shaped piles of same length and pile tip diameters have been executed for pile loading test in a downward frictional mode. Two different types of model grounds have been prepared for the test. Relative densities of 80 % and 60 % have been modeled to penetrate piles in two different types of sands to observe the effectiveness of skin frictions of different types of piles. The response of tapered piles has shown that the skin friction has increased with increasing the tapering angle at normalized settlement ratio of 0.4. High density ground yields higher skin friction when the maximum tapered pile was penetrated. Slightly increased tapering angle of the pile affects remarkably on the skin friction with compared to conventional straight cylindrical pile even at small 0.1 settlement ratios.
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El Naggar, M. Hesham, and Jin Qi Wei. "Axial capacity of tapered piles established from model tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 36, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 1185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-076.
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Tapered piles represent a more efficient distribution of pile material than uniform cross section piles in several respects. An extensive experimental research program was conducted to study the efficiency of tapered piles compared with piles of uniform cross section with the same material input. Three instrumented model steel piles with different degrees of taper were used in this program. The piles were tested in a large-scale laboratory setup under compressive and tensile loads. The pile head load and displacement and the strain along the piles were measured simultaneously. The objectives of the present paper were twofold: to examine the validity of the experimental results, and to use the unit load transfer curves established from the experimental results to predict the bearing capacity of prototype tapered piles. The shaft resistance for straight-sided wall piles established from the experimental results compared well with the theoretical predictions using the standard design procedure. The beneficial effect of pile taper was significant up to a depth of 20 pile diameters. The negative effect of the pile taper on the uplift capacity diminished quickly with depth and hence the performance of actual tapered piles (with greater length) would be comparable to that of straight-sided wall piles.
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Song, Bo, Hai Long Wang, and Shi Jing Liu. "Comparative Study on Seismic Design Method of High-Piled Wharf of Different Depth in China and Japan." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1043–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1043.
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As many high-piled wharves are in an earthquake zone in home and abroad, so it is vitally important to conduct seismic design to ensure them with a certain seismic capacity. Studies showed that the wharves with straight piles have better seismic performance than wharves with oblique pile. According to the standards in China and Japan, this paper will compare the indicators of seismic performance, including the calculation length of piles, seismic inertial force, bearing capacity etc. The difference between Chinese code and Japanese code will be confirmed through comparison. The comparative results show that the differences mainly in the embedded solid position and the horizontal force etc. Additionally, according to the comparison of different depth of high-piled wharf, there is an increasing trend of the indicators with increasing depth of water.
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El Naggar, M. Hesham, and Jin Qi Wei. "Response of tapered piles subjected to lateral loading." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 36, no. 1 (August 8, 1999): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-094.
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Eighteen lateral loading tests were conducted on large-scale steel piles to establish the lateral behaviour of tapered piles in cohesionless soil. Three piles 1.52 m in length with different taper angles but the same average embedded diameter of 168 mm were installed in sand enclosed in a steel chamber 1.5 m in diameter and 1.445 m in depth. The soil chamber was lined with an air bladder so that sand inside the chamber could be pressurized to vary the confining pressure. The piles were instrumented with electrical resistance strain gauges and the horizontal pile movements at grade and the loading point were measured with displacement transducers. The bending-moment functions along the pile were calculated from the strain measurements by curve fitting the measured strain data. The soil resistance (p) and pile displacement (y) relationships were developed in the form of p-y curves by differentiating and integrating these bending-moment functions. It was found that tapered piles carried up to 77% more lateral loads than straight-sided-wall piles with the same average diameter. The maximum bending moment occurred in all piles at almost the same depth of one third of the embedded length of the pile. Hence, the cross section of tapered piles at the location of maximum bending moment was larger than that of straight-sided-wall piles, resulting in lower stresses in the pile. It was concluded that the tapered piles represent a more efficient distribution of the pile material and display better performance under lateral loading conditions.Key words: tapered piles, lateral response, p-y curves, modulus of subgrade reaction.
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Hou, Yan Jun, and Lin Feng Wu. "Orientation Schemes Choice for Aquatic Inserting Piles Based on Gray Relation Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.909.
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In the process of rapid orientation device design for aquatic inserting piles, piles were fixed position using straight and steady function of the edge piles ahead. Piles were inserted to riverbed inside steel casing without horizontal current velocity. Three kinds of orientation schemes were put forward. To scientifically and accurately choose the best scheme, the evaluation index system was established in the way of expert's mark. The gray relation analysis method was adopted to analyze each scheme, synthesize each factor, and finally educe the optimal scheme.
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Nursita, Ersalia Dewi. "Penentuan Jarak Antar Tiang Penerangan Jalan Umum Untuk Jalan Lurus Dan Jalan Melengkung Pada Jalan Tol Ruas Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2 Utara Seksi I." Energi & Kelistrikan 12, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/energi.v12i2.1063.
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The Jakarta Outer Ring Road North W2 Section I has a different road width and also an interchange that is curved like a circle. On this toll road the distance between the piles used in both type of road is the same, that is equal to 30 m. Determination of the distance between the poles of the street lighting for straight roads and curved paths in this thesis using the phytagoras method. Where the distance between the lampposts for a straight road with the width of the road ranges from 4.5 m to 14.5 m from the calculation results require the distance between piles of 21.09 to 29.85 (<30 m) this results in less lighting standard. And for the width of the road ranging from 15.5 m to 30.5 m from the calculation results require the distance between the piles of 31.01 m to 50.82 m (> 30 m) which results in waste in the installation of the number of poles. Whereas for curved roads with a road width of 7.5 m for the placement of light poles in the arches of the road requires a smaller distance between piles of 20.96 m (<30 m).
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Dickin, E. A., and C. F. Leung. "Performance of piles with enlarged bases subject to uplift forces." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 5 (October 1, 1990): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-070.
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The influence of embedment, base diameter, and backfill density on the uplift behaviour of piles with enlarged bases embedded in sand was investigated in a centrifuge. Comparitive tests on straight-shafted piles are also reported. For piles in dense sand, sensible agreement was found with earlier research on anchor plates and published field data. However, uplift capacities in loose sand were considerably lower than previously observed for anchor plates. A number of theories for anchors considerably overpredict the observed capacity for belled piers in both dense and loose sand, although in the case of dense sand, reasonable values are obtained using an empirical equation derived from centrifuge tests on anchor plates and a finite element based design approach. The normally conservative vertical slip-surface model is alone in providing reasonable agreement with the surprisingly low observations for piles in loose sand. Key words: piles, uplift capacity, centrifuge tests, sand.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Straight piles"
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Dhorajiwala, Husein, and Agnieszka Owczarczyk. "Global stability of high-rise buildings on foundation on piles." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235317.
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In Sweden as well as other countries the trend of building higher is more and more popular. The global stability of tall buildings is a very important aspect that has to be taken into account while designing. Foundation on piles, that is common in Sweden, reduces the global stability compared to foundation directly on bedrock. Using inclined piles in the foundation is inevitable for high-rise buildings, because they are essential for transferring the horizontal loads into the bedrock. The aim of this paper is to look into the influence that foundation on piles has on global stability and investigate two simple methods to asses global stability. In this thesis the influence of the stiffness of the substructure (foundation), length and inclination of the piles on the global stability were investigated. It was also looked into how does the pile center affect the rotation and thus global stability. One method that was presented was based on the equivalent stiffness. Displacement at the top of the wall is used in order to calculate the bending stiffness that is reduced due to foundation on piles and further calculate buckling load on the basis of Euler buckling. In the other method that was proposed rotation at the foundation level was taken into account so as to calculate rotational spring stiffness and later buckling load due to combined flexural and rotational buckling. The analysis was conducted on a simple two dimensional problem, namely stabilizing wall as well as a building stabilized by two towers. Three different configurations of piles were investigated for single wall as well as for the structure. The investigation showed that the position of pile center has its effect on the global stability. The closer the pile center is to the foundation on piles the better the global stability of a structure. The length of the piles plays a role in stability as well. The longer the piles are the worse the stability is. With longer piles the overall stiffness of a structure decreases and thus the global stability. The analysis showed that the foundation of piles significantly lowers the stability of high rise building. The investigated methods showed that the one based on rotation at the base gave better results compared to the method based on the equivalent bending stiffness. But to use this first method, the position of the pile center is required to be known in order to get correct results which in a complex structure is hard to estimate. In an analysis of a building stabilized by two towers it was seen that when the inclined piles that are inclined opposite to each other in a pile group and are positioned far from rotation center of a structure it increases the global safety and rotational stiffness as well. It is recommended to use such configuration of piles that the pile center is at the foundation level in order to increase global stability.I Sverige och andra länder är trenden att bygga högre alltmer populärt. Den globala stabiliteten hos höga byggnader är en viktig aspekt som måste beaktas vid byggnadens utformning. Den vanligaste grundläggningsmetoden i Sverige är grundläggning med pålar. Denna typ av grundläggning minskar den globala stabiliteten jämfört med grundläggning direkt på berggrunden. Att använda sneda pålar i grundläggningen är oundviklig för höghus, eftersom de är nödvändiga för att överföra horisontella laster till berggrunden. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att se hur grundläggning på pålar påverkar den globala stabiliteten och undersöka två enkla metoder för global stabilitet. I detta examensarbete undersöktes hur styvheten påverkar grundläggning med pålar med olika längder och lutningar, med hänseende på den globala stabiliteten. Pålcentrumets påverkan av rotation och den globala stabiliteten har även studerats. En metod som presenterades i examensarbetet är baserades på ekvivalent styvhet. Där utböjning på toppen av väggen togs för att beräkna böjstyvheten som reduceras på grund av grundläggning med pålar och ytterligare beräknades knäcklasten baserat på Eulers knäckning. I den andra metoden som föreslogs togs rotationen vid grundläggningsnivån med i beräkningen för att beräkna rotationsfjäderns styvhet och senare knäckningslasten på grund av kombinerad böjnings- och rotationsknäckning. Analysen genomfördes på en enkel tvådimensionell vägg och en tredimensionell byggnad som är stabiliserad av två torn. Tre olika konfigurationer av pålar undersöktes för enkel vägg och även för byggnaden Utredningen av examensarbetet visade att positionen av pålcentrum har en stor påverkan på den globala stabiliteten. Ju närmare pålcentrumet är till grundläggningsnivån desto bättre är den globala stabiliteten hos en konstruktion. Längden på pålarna har även en betydelse när det gäller stabiliteten. Ju längre pålarna är desto värre blir stabiliteten. Med längre pålar minskar den totala styvheten hos hela konstruktionen och därmed minskar även den globala stabiliteten. Utredningen visade även att metoden med rotation vid grundläggningsnivån gav mer noggrannare resultat än metoden för ekvivalent styvhet. Men för att kunna använda den förstnämnda metoden behöver man ha kännedom om vart pålcentrum ligger för konstruktionen och detta kan vara svårt att uppskatta. I en analys av en byggnad stabiliserad av två torn visades det att när pålarna är placerade långt från rotationscentrum av en konstruktion ökar den globala säkerheten och rotationsstyvheten. Det rekommenderas att använda sådan konfiguration av pålar att pålcentrum ligger på grundnivå för att öka den globala stabiliteten.
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Al-Tameemi, Wameedh Turki Mohammad. "Two-phase flow in straight pipes and across 90 degrees sharp-angled mitre elbows." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20832/.
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Pressure drop of single-phase flow across 90 ◦ sharp-angled mitre elbows connecting straight circular pipes is studied in a bespoke experimental facility by using water and air as working fluids flowing in the range of bulk Reynolds number 500 < Re < 60000. To the best of our knowledge, the dependence on the Reynolds number of the pressure drop across the mitre elbow scaled by the dynamic pressure, i.e. the pressure-loss coefficient K, is reported herein for the first time. The coefficient is shown to decrease sharply with the Reynolds number up to about Re=20000 and, at higher Reynolds numbers, to approach mildly a constant K=0.9, which is about 20% lower than the currently reported value in the literature. We quantify this relation and the dependence between K and the straight-pipe friction factor at the same Reynolds number through two new empirical correlations, which will be useful for the design of piping systems fitted with these sharp elbows. The pressure drop is also expressed in terms of the scaled equivalent length, i.e. the length of a straight pipe that would produce the same pressure drop as the elbow at the same Reynolds number. Air-water flow in horizontal and vertical straight pipes and through 90 ◦ sharp-angled mitre elbows, is investigated visually by using high-speed high-resolution camera. The flow is studied in pipes with three diameters for about 600 conditions of air-water flows, characterized by superficial velocities in the ranges of jL =0.297-1.015 m/s for water and jG =0.149-33.99 m/s for air. The portion of the pipe upstream of the elbow is always positioned horizontally, while the portion of the pipe downstream of the elbow is oriented horizontally or vertically with the flow moving upward. Plug, slug, slug-annular and annular flows are observed in horizontal straight pipes, while slug, churn and annular regimes are recorded in vertical straight pipes. These flow patterns are well predicted by the Mandhaneet al. [1] map for horizontally oriented straight pipes and by the Hewitt and Roberts [2] map for vertically oriented straight pipes. The prediction of the flow patterns along the straight portions of the pipe improves by expressing the maps in non-dimensional form. The changes of the flow patterns as the fluids pass through the mitre elbows are thoroughly discussed. A multiple membrane flow structure is observed in the vertical upward flow at much higher Reynolds numbers, based on the water superficial velocity, than in the vertical downward case previously reported in the literature. The flow patterns through the elbows are expressed for the first time in terms of rescaled Mandhane et al. [1] maps, which simultaneously represent the flow patterns both upstream and downstream of the elbows. The dimensional analysis proves that a rigorous way to present the flow regimes of an incompressible isothermal air-water flow for a given geometry is a map in the space of the Reynolds numbers based on the superficial velocities of air and water for fixed Froude number. The pressure drop generated by air-water flows was measured in horizontal and vertical straight pipes and across 90◦ sharp-angled mitre elbows for the same flow conditions of visual investigations. Two new pattern-based values of the Lockhart-Martinelli parameter C are found for the pressure drop in horizontal pipes with the presence of mitre elbows. A dimensional analysis is employed to scale the pressure drop data for straight pipes and across the elbows. New pattern-based empirical correlations are proposed to fit the scaled frictional pressure drops for the flows through the straight portions of the pipe and across the elbows. The flow perturbation length upstream of the elbow is located at less than 32.5D for single-phase and two-phase flows, while the flow recovery length downstream of the lbow was less than 32.5D ∗ and 60D ∗ for single-phase and two-phase flows, respectively. The peripheral pressure upstream and downstream of the elbow is found to be axially symmetric farther than 7D upstream and downstream of the elbow for horizontal orientation in single-phase and two-phase flows.
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Wang, Meng-Hua, and 王夢華. "Irradiance Formations in Solid Straight Light Pipes with." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99992648647733741026.
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碩士國立交通大學
光電工程系所
94
It is known that different geometric shapes of light pipes will lead to different distributions of irradiance without analytical proof in literarure, except for the case of circular lightpipe. We deduce the irradiance distributions in polygonal light pipes and prove that the irradiance of the pentagon light pipes will concentrate in the center of the exit plane, depending on the number of facets. To verify our analytical derivation, we use MATLAB, the mathematic software, to calculate the result and also employ TracePro, a simulation package of Monte Carlo ray tracing, to verify the features. Finally, a series of experiments with different acrylic light pipes are provided for comparison.
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"Effects of Structural Uncertainty on the Dynamic Response of Nearly-Straight Pipes Conveying Fluid: Modeling and Numerical Validation." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.45028.
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abstract: This investigation is focused on the consideration of structural uncertainties in nearly-straight pipes conveying fluid and on the effects of these uncertainties on the dynamic response and stability of those pipes. Of interest more specifically are the structural uncertainties which affect directly the fluid flow and its feedback on the structural response, e.g., uncertainties on/variations of the inner cross-section and curvature of the pipe. Owing to the complexity of introducing such uncertainties directly in finite element models, it is desired to proceed directly at the level of modal models by randomizing simultaneously the appropriate mass, stiffness, and damping matrices. The maximum entropy framework is adopted to carry out the stochastic modeling of these matrices with appropriate symmetry constraints guaranteeing that the nature, e.g., divergence or flutter, of the bifurcation is preserved when introducing uncertainty.
To support the formulation of this stochastic ROM, a series of finite element computations are first carried out for pipes with straight centerline but inner radius varying randomly along the pipe. The results of this numerical discovery effort demonstrate that the dominant effects originate from the variations of the exit flow speed, induced by the change in inner cross-section at the pipe end, with the uncertainty on the cross-section at other locations playing a secondary role. Relying on these observations, the stochastic reduced order model is constructed to model separately the uncertainty in inner cross-section at the pipe end and at other locations. Then, the fluid related mass, damping, and stiffness matrices of this stochastic reduced order model (ROM) are all determined from a single random matrix and a random variable. The predictions from this stochastic ROM are found to closely match the corresponding results obtained with the randomized finite element model. It is finally demonstrated that this stochastic ROM can easily be extended to account for the small effects due to uncertainty in pipe curvature.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2017
Books on the topic "Straight piles"
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Henn, Debra, and Deborah DeEugenio. Diet Pills (Drugs, the Straight Facts). Chelsea House Publications, 2005.
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Henn, Debra, and Deborah DeEugenio. Diet Pills (Drugs: the Straight Facts). Chelsea House Publications, 2005.
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Zonderman, Jon, and Laurel M. D. Shader. Birth Control Pills (Drugs: the Straight Facts). Chelsea House Publications, 2006.
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Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research, ed. Comparison of safety margins for leak-before-break assessment of 500MWe PHWR straight pipes: Using contemporary techniques. Mumbai: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 1998.
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W, Venkata Ramana, and Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, eds. Effect of deformation on unloading compliance values of TPB specimens and throughwall circumferentially cracked straight pipes under four point bending load. Mumbai: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2002.
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Escudier, Marcel. Introduction to Engineering Fluid Mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719878.001.0001.
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Turbojet and turbofan engines, rocket motors, road vehicles, aircraft, pumps, compressors, and turbines are examples of machines which require a knowledge of fluid mechanics for their design. The aim of this undergraduate-level textbook is to introduce the physical concepts and conservation laws which underlie the subject of fluid mechanics and show how they can be applied to practical engineering problems. The first ten chapters are concerned with fluid properties, dimensional analysis, the pressure variation in a fluid at rest (hydrostatics) and the associated forces on submerged surfaces, the relationship between pressure and velocity in the absence of viscosity, and fluid flow through straight pipes and bends. The examples used to illustrate the application of this introductory material include the calculation of rocket-motor thrust, jet-engine thrust, the reaction force required to restrain a pipe bend or junction, and the power generated by a hydraulic turbine. Compressible-gas flow is then dealt with, including flow through nozzles, normal and oblique shock waves, centred expansion fans, pipe flow with friction or wall heating, and flow through axial-flow turbomachinery blading. The fundamental Navier-Stokes equations are then derived from first principles, and examples given of their application to pipe and channel flows and to boundary layers. The final chapter is concerned with turbulent flow. Throughout the book the importance of dimensions and dimensional analysis is stressed. A historical perspective is provided by an appendix which gives brief biographical information about those engineers and scientists whose names are associated with key developments in fluid mechanics.
Book chapters on the topic "Straight piles"
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Saravanan, M., S. Vishnuvardhan, P. Gandhi, and G. Raghava. "Numerical Studies on Ratcheting Behaviour of Straight Pipes." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 295–308. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8767-8_25.
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Haroon, Abdullah, Shahbaz Ahmad, and Ajmal Hussain. "CFD Prediction of Loss Coefficient in Straight Pipes." In Water Science and Technology Library, 477–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55125-8_41.
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Ahn, Seok Hwan, Kum Cheol Seok, and Ki Woo Nam. "Characteristics of Strength and Deformation of Inner/Outer Local Wall Thinned Straight Pipes." In Key Engineering Materials, 559–62. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.559.
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Ismael, N. "Load tests on straight and step tapered bored piles in weaklycemented sand." In Field Measurements in Geomechanics, 129–35. Taylor & Francis, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833483.ch17.
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Higgins, Richard, and Richard Higgins. "My Emblem, The Pine." In Thoreau and the Language of Trees. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520294042.003.0012.
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Thoreau felt a deep affinity for Pinus strobus, Eastern white pine, the tallest tree east of the Rockies. He called it the emblem of his life. He loved its erect posture, how its whorled branches jutt almost horizontal to its ramrod straight trunk. The pine was a sign of nature’s vigor. The scent of pines was an elixir to him. He identified with the pine’s wild spirit. Nothing stands up more free from blame than a pine tree. White pines played a big role in American history. Sought for masts by England, they became an early symbol of American identity. The tallest pines are not gone. Researchers have found 17 white pines in Massachusetts at least 160 feet.
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Gelernter, David. "The Deluge." In Mirror Worlds. Oxford University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195068122.003.0012.
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we’ve installed the foundation piles and are ready to start building Mirror worlds. In this chapter we discuss (so to speak) the basement, in the next chapter we get to the attic, and the chapter after that fills in the middle region and glues the whole thing together. The basement we are about to describe is filled with lots of a certain kind of ensemble program. This kind of program, called a Trellis, makes the connection between external data and internal mirror-reality. The Trellis is, accordingly, a key player in the Mirror world cast. It’s also a good example of ensemble programming in general, and, I’ll argue, a highly significant gadget in itself. The hulking problem with which the Trellis does battle on the Mirror world’s behalf is a problem that the real world, too, will be confronting directly and in person very soon. Floods of data are pounding down all around us in torrents. How will we cope? what will we do with all this stuff? when the encroaching electronification of the world pushes the downpour rate higher by a thousand or a million times or more, what will we do then? Concretely: I’m talking about realtime data processing. The subject in this chapter is fresh data straight from the sensor. we’d like to analyze this fresh data in “realtime”—to achieve some understanding of data values as they emerge. Raw data pours into a Mirror world and gets refined by a data distillery in the basement. The processed, refined, one-hundredpercent pure stuff gets stored upstairs in the attic, where it ferments slowly into history. (In the next chapter we move upstairs.) Trellis programs are the topic here: how they are put together, how they work. But there’s an initial question that’s too important to ignore. we need to take a brief trip outside into the deluge, to establish what this stuff is and where it’s coming from. Data-gathering instruments are generally electronic. They are sensors in the field, dedicated to the non-stop, automatic gathering of measurements; or they are full-blown infomachines, waiting for people to sit down, log on and enter data by hand.
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Parchen, René, Wiendelt Steenbergen, and Jan Voskamp. "A study of swirling flows in long straight pipes." In Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments, 207–16. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89802-9.50024-1.
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Van Impe, W., G. Fiammenghi, and M. Jamiolkowski. "Geotechnical engineering issues related to the Messina Strait Crossing." In Deep Foundations on Bored and Auger Piles - BAP V, 3–19. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203882870.pt1.
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"Geotechnical engineering issues related to the Messina Strait Crossing." In Deep Foundations on Bored and Auger Piles - BAP V, 15–32. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203882870-4.
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H. Al-Kayiem, Hussain, Muna S. Kassim, and Saud T. Taher. "Applications of Compound Nanotechnology and Twisted Inserts for Enhanced Heat Transfer." In Inverse Heat Conduction and Heat Exchangers. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93359.
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Nanoadditives are a type of heat transfer enhancement techniques adopted in heat exchangers to improve the performance of industrial plants through improvement of the thermal properties of base fluids. Recently, various types of inserts with nanofluids are adopted to enhance the thermal performance of double pipe heat exchangers. In the current article, TiO2/water nanofluid with multiple twisted tape inserts was investigated as a hybrid enhancement technique of heat transfer in straight pipes. The investigations were carried out experimentally and numerically at Reynolds numbers varied from 5000 to 20,000. Using nanofluid with 0.1% TiO2 nanoparticles volume fraction demonstrated enhanced heat transfer with slight increase in pressure drop. Results are showing a maximum increase of 110.8% in Nusselt number in a tube fitted with quintuple twisted tape inserts with 25.2% increase in the pressure drop. However, as the article is representing a part of specified book on heat exchangers, the literature has been extended to provide sufficient background to the reader on the use of nanotech, twisted inserts, and hybrid of compound nanofluids and inserts to enhance heat transfer processes.
Conference papers on the topic "Straight piles"
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Manandhar, Suman, Noriyuki Yasufuku, and Kazutaka Shomura. "Skin Friction of Taper-Shaped Piles in Sands." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79078.
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The main theme of this paper is to evaluate the skin friction and unit skin friction of different types of pile on a defined model ground. The typical silica sands were selected to make model ground at high relative densities of 80% and 60% respectively at confining pressure of 50 kPa to perform the pile load test on selected two different model ground. Model ground has been prepared by free falling of sand through sieve on the chamber to meet the required relative densities. Relative densities have acquired after evaluating desired height and area of nozzle through which dry sands fall. To fulfill the requirement, different types of tapered piles were selected to perform the pile load test. Straight and different types of tapered pile have driven in silica sands respectively at relatively high densities. Experimental results have showed that the skin friction of straight pile is considerably low with compared to tapered pile and wedging effects can be clearly seen towards the depth of penetration. In conclusion, it is clearly seen that the skin friction of tapered pile can be improved with increasing tapering angles. Higher the angle the greater the skin friction. Further, lateral stresses around the pile increases laterally during loading. Lateral stresses are increased with increase on amounts of pile expansion. The skin frictions of tapered piles have pressing effect and soil tamping effect.
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Witherspoon, W. Tom, and Anand J. Puppala. "Prediction of Axial Capacity of Straight Shafts and Augercast Piles in Clay Soil." In International Foundation Congress and Equipment Expo 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41023(337)70.
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Kay, S. "Torpedo Piles: VH Capacity in Clay Using Resistance Envelope Equations." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10061.
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This paper shows that torpedo pile in-place capacity under inclined VH load applied to the pile head can be reasonably assessed using simple modifications to resistance equations originally developed for straight-shafted circular caissons in clay under general vertical, lateral and moment (VHM) loading (Kay and Palix, 2010). Also, the number of equations defining the VHM resistance envelope has been reduced from three to one. The resulting caisson yield function extends those currently available for surface and embedded foundations in clay under inclined load (e.g. DNV, 1992 and ISO, 2011).
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Enner, Florian, David Rollinson, and Howie Choset. "Motion estimation of snake robots in straight pipes." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2013.6631316.
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Ahn, Hojin, and Ibrahim Uslu. "Experimental Investigation on Pressure Drop in Corrugated Pipes." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66061.
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The characteristics of pressure drop in corrugated pipes were experimentally studied in both straight and helically coiled configurations. The present study employed the stainless-steel pipes with the corrugation of circular cross section, which are widely used in boilers and pipe systems between solar panels and boilers. The diameters of corrugated pipes were 20.4, 25.4, 34.5 and 40.5 mm. The corrugated pipe, approximately 10 m in length, was configured either in the straight manner or in the helical coil with the helix diameter of 0.43 or 0.64 m. Water stored in a tank was fed into a corrugated pipe by a pump while the flow rate was controlled by a control valve. The friction factors of the pipes remain constant over the range of Reynolds number from 4,000 to 50,000, indicating that the flow in the pipe was fully turbulent. When the pipe was straightly configured, the friction factors were measured to be 0.070, 0.075, 0.12 and 0.22 for the diameter of 20.4, 25.4, 34.5 and 40.5 mm, respectively. Thus the present study showed that the friction factors increased with the increasing diameter of the pipe. This result is clearly contrary to a rare experimental result available in the literature. On the other hand, as expected, the friction factor for the helically coiled configuration was higher than that of the straight configuration with the same tube diameter, and the configuration of the smaller helix diameter yielded the larger friction factor. The reason for the increasing friction factor with the increasing pipe diameter remains to be explored further.
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Maciel, Vitor G. "PRA-1: An Innovative 4-Leg Launched Jacket Concept." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57783.
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This paper presents an innovative 4-leg launched jacket concept, originally developed as a more economical solution for PETROBRAS PRA-1 platform in Brazilian Campos Basin. The concept goal is structural and functional optimization, focusing mainly in minimization / elimination of the usual drawbacks associated with the addition, in conventional 4 leg jackets, of launch trusses and associated structures that are specifically designed for the skidding and launching operations, and that are useless and cumbersome after the completion of the installation, as they do not contribute to the in-situ overall strength and increase the dead weight and environmental loads acting on the structure. Pile cluster design optimization is also addressed, leading to improved load sharing between piles. The concept consists of a structure with four main legs, two of them, located in the rear face, slanted and straight from the top to the base, like in a conventional jacket, and the two other main legs, forming the front face, parallel in the upper region and slanting outwardly in a lower and a transition regions, constituting a widened base, endowed with dihedral external lateral faces. The parallel legs in the upper region are extended into transition and lower regions by reduced diameter ramifications referred as secondary legs, making up the launch rails on which the structure can be loaded out in a barge from the construction site and later launched at sea from the barge. The paper describes the concept main features and performance and its application to the PRA-1 project, a hub platform with a topside operating weight of 16,200 metric tons (mton), recently installed in 106m WD. Advantages, like 20% reduction of steel weight over a conventional light weight jacket, developed in parallel to a same stage of preliminary design for comparison purposes, are quantified. Descriptions of installation and in-situ static, dynamic, foundation and fatigue analyses are also presented.
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McLaury, B. S., J. Wang, S. A. Shirazi, J. R. Shadley, and E. F. Rybicki. "Solid Particle Erosion in Long Radius Elbows and Straight Pipes." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/38842-ms.
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Lian, Yang, Hong Lu, Mingtian Ma, Jianying He, Qiong Liu, Qian Cheng, and Yu Qiao. "Straightening Process of Straight Metal Pipe Considering the Flattening Effect." In ASME 2019 14th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2019-2828.
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Abstract Straight metal pipes are widely used in petroleum exploration and transmission equipment systems. Straightening is one of effective methods for ensuring or repairing the bending during straight metal pipe rolling, heat treatment, assembly and operational application. However, the flatten phenomenon of straight metal pipe during straightening process is unavoidable. Therefore, it is significant to study the flatten phenomenon of straight metal pipe in straightening process. Based on the theory of elastoplastic deformation, the flatten phenomenon of straight metal pipe is analyzed. Further, the straightening stroke model of straight metal pipe for guiding the straighten operation is established. Afterwards, the theoretical straightening stroke model is analyzed on the basis of simulation. Finally, the experimental system was built up. A series of related experiments were carried out to verify the rationality of the model.
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Gintalas, Marius, and Robert A. Ainsworth. "Constraint Based Assessments of Large-Scale Cracked Straight Pipes and Elbows." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45948.
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The paper presents T-stress solutions developed to characterize constraint levels in large-scale cracked pipes and elbows. Stress intensity factor, KI, solutions for pipes and elbows are normalised by material fracture toughness to define the Kr parameter in fitness-for-service procedures, such as R6. Adding knowledge on levels of T-stress allows more advanced analysis through a normalised constraint parameter βT. The paper presents analyses for 6 pipes and 8 elbows. Values of the normalised constraint parameter βT are calculated for each pipe and elbow at the experimentally measured crack initiation point. Comparison of constraint levels in the pipes and elbows with those in various types of fracture toughness specimen are used to predict the initiation loads using the R6 method and to provide guidelines for transferability.
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Khot, S. M., Pallavi Khaire, and Abhishek S. Naik. "Experimental and simulation study of flow induced vibration through straight pipes." In 2017 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnte.2017.7947938.
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