Journal articles: 'Straightening machines'

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Adil Kadyrov, Akbope Karsakov, Bakytzhan Donenbayev, and Kyrmyzy Balabekova. "Establishing the Strength Characteristics of the Lifting-Leveling Device Structures of the VPO-3-3000 Machines for the Track Straightening." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2020.4.70-79.

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This article deals with replacement of the magnetic grippers on the VPO-3-3000 machines with roller grippers. The novelty lies in establishment of dependences characterizing stress and strain in elements of the lifting and straightening devices and in rails during the operation. Reliability of the program for calculating the structural parameters of the lifting and straightening device for the VPO-3-3000 track renewal machine is shown. The developed design of the lifting and straightening device makes it possible to select the rational parameters of technology and the operating mode of the device. This design is recommended for use when developing working bodies for the straightening machines. The article presents calculation of the lifting and straightening device structural elements' strength during operation, in the Ansys WB software package.

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Kadyrov, A. S., V. V. Grachev, B. S. Donenbaev, and A. Zh Kаrsakova. "ESTABLISHMENT OF STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURES OF THE LIFTING AND GRINDING DEVICE OF ROAD REPAIR MACHINES VPO-3-3000." Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 1, no. 79 (February 15, 2021): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2020.1606-146x.57.

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The This article deals with the replacement of the magnetic grippers on the VPO-3-3000 machines with roller grippers. The novelty lies in the establishment of dependences characterizing stress and strain in the elements of the lifting and straightening devices and in the rails during the operation. Reliability of the program for calculating the structural parameters of the lifting and straightening device for the VPO-3-3000 track renewal machine is shown. The developed design of the lifting and straightening device makes it possible to select the rational parameters of the technology and the operating mode of the device. It This design is recommended to for use it when developing working bodies for the straightening machines. The article presents the calculation of the lifting and straightening device structural elements' strength during its operation, in the Ansys WB software package.

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Li, Jun, and Guo Liang Xiong. "Study on Calculation Method of Press Straightening Stroke Based on Straightening Process Model." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.1345.

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It is difficult to determine straightening stroke precisely for automatic straightening machines. The existing calculation method of straightening stroke is based on straightening curvature equation. Because the initial curvature is obtained by curve fitting method, the method is inconvenient to use and its accuracy is not well. In this paper, a method to calculate straightening stroke based on straightening process model is put forward. So the mathematic load-deflection model of straightening process must be established at first. The straightening process model for shafts is developed according to the elastic-plastic mechanics theory. By using the model, the straightening stroke can be calculated directly according to the initial deflection of the bent part. It is advantageous to use and to decrease errors. Comparing with FEM results and experimental results, the calculation results by the model are exact and the errors are small. So the validity and the accuracy of the method are verified. It will be helpful to the development of automatic straightening machines.

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Sevostyanov, Petr A. "STATISTICAL SIMULATION OF FIBRE STRAIGHTENING DYNAMICS IN CARDING ON ROLLER MACHINE." Technologies & Quality 51, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2021-1-51-28-32.

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The article analyses the straightening of fibres in the working areas of roller carding machines. The initial assumptions and parameters are given, which were used to develop a computer model for statistical simulation of the process, taking into account the elastic-viscous properties of fibres and their interaction with neighbouring fibres, based on the methods of statistical dynamics. The dynamics of changes in the straightening of the fibres depending on their initial straightening and the number of passes of the fibres through the working zones are studied. It is established that the partial restoration of the tortuosity of the fibres due to their elasticity does not allow for their complete straightening, regardless of the number of repeated passes of the working areas of the machine.

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Chen, Min, X. M. Jiang, Zu Xin Zhao, and X. B. Huang. "A New Calculation System for Straightening Force." Materials Science Forum 628-629 (August 2009): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.113.

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Based on the thorough analysis of the disadvantage of the traditional calculation system for straightening force, the new calculation system for straightening force is built according to the analysis of roller-shaped curve, flattening straightening and bend straightening with the application of mechanics of materials and bend beam theory. It is testified by practical use that the calculating accuracy of the new calculation system for straightening force satisfies the actual engineering requirement. New six-rollers straightening machines are designed and manufactured according to the new calculation system, which obtain notable economical and social benefits.

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Lee, Hau Wei, Po Er Hsu, Shan Peng Pan, Tze An Liu, and Huay Chung Liou. "Applying Structured Light on Cylinder Straightness Detection Using Break Line Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 1298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.1298.

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Generally after a cylindrical steel bar is made from hot forming process, its contour will look like ‘U’ or ‘wavy’ topography. The preformed steel bar after steelmaking process needs to remove the outside oxide layer by lathe or peeling machine (commonly known as stripping). As a consequence, the deformation of steel bar will cause subsequent problems, such as eccentric rotating of steel bar as the lathe is running. Although it is necessary to remove the oxide layer, the deformation will increase waste materials. To prevent the problems, a straightening machine is usually used to straighten the cylindrical steel bar before the pickling process. However, most current straightening machines cannot measure cylindrical steel bar contour on-line instantly. This study proposed a test method for measure the contour of a large cylindrical steel bar based on multi-line structured light and machine vision. Break line method were performed to measure the contour of the cylindrical steel bar. The experimental result shows that the measurement error is in the range of ±0.4 mm after calibration. The study result concludes that the proposed method can be applied to straightening machine for real-time online measurement to improve straightening efficiency.

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Sáenz de Argandoña, Eneko, Elena Silvestre, Daniel Garcia, Joseba Mendiguren, and Lander Galdos. "Energy Efficient Servo Controlled Roll Levelling Machines." Key Engineering Materials 716 (October 2016): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.716.413.

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The roll levelling and coil straightening facilities are becoming one of the most important process steps when forming Ultra High Strength Steels. The correct levelling and straightening of these materials are the main responsible for the stabilization of the residual stresses through the thickness and post forming springback of sheet metal formed components.Due to the arrangement of the rolls in roll levellers, micro-sliding occurs between the rolls and the sheet and the first rolls are subjected to high torques and high forces since they are responsible for the plastification of the material to a high extent. In order to reduce these drawbacks and optimize the energy consumption avoiding energy loses due to friction, the use of servo technology in levelling processes is studied in this paper.A wide range of materials are levelled using the conventional and the new servo controlled strategy that uses two servo motors and the process improvements are quantified.

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Okumoto, Yasuhisa, Hideharu Yanai, and Shin-ich Matsuzaki. "Angular Distortion Due to Fillet Welding and Its Straightening." Journal of Ship Production 16, no. 02 (May 1, 2000): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2000.16.2.90.

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In order to increase the productivity of shipbuilding to respond to current situations such as decreasing numbers of skilled workers and aging of workers in the shipyard, mechanization and robotization have been accelerated. To apply them effectively, the current fabrication and assembling system of ship hull has to be reviewed so that the dimensional accuracy of the hull block and its components increase particularly. Accordingly, the authors had developed an "accurate production system" for the fabrication and assembly of flat block, which was based on advanced accuracy technology and modem automated machines. This report concerns the deformation due to the filet welding of longitudinals on a skin plate and its straightening; the estimation of welding deformation, especially angular distortion, and its straightening method using a press roller which was developed newly in this automated production line. In order to clarify the power of the straightening machine, non-linear FEM analysis was carried out.

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Zhou, Juan, Yuhang Huang, and Zhonghua Yu. "Research on the Design of a Hexagonal Shaft Straightening Machine Based on Quality Function Development and Evidence Theory." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (April 17, 2021): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040707.

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In response to the problem that weights in product planning and design are difficult to accurately reflect the real needs of users, a design method for hexagonal shaft straightening machines based on quality function configuration and evidence theory is proposed. First, based on the method of quality function deployment and evidence theory, the demand indicator and its importance are determined by market research and the Kano model. Second, to solve the conflict problem in the process of expert opinion aggregation, combined with evidence theory, taking expert knowledge as evidence, the possible value space of causal strength among nodes constitutes the recognition framework, which is used to synthesize the knowledge of multiple experts. The indicator correlation degree is reflected by using a correlation weight matrix, and effective solutions to the relevant theoretical problems and algorithms, such as those for competitive indicator evaluation, weight calculation and planning target value cases, are proposed. Finally, according to the analysis results for the various structural elements of the house of quality, a hexagonal shaft straightening machine function for master planning house of quality was constructed, and propose a design and build the main experimental platform. The relevant test results show that the technical specifications of the hexagonal shaft straightening machine basically meet the requirements of the overall planning target values, verifying the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

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Galvis Salazar, Juan Camilo, Heriberto Enrique Maury Ramírez, and Roque Julio Hernández Donado. "Elasto-plastic model to determine the maximum force for shaft straightening process." Ingeniería e Investigación 37, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v37n2.61064.

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This paper shows the development of a mathematical model based on elasto-plastic behavior of materials in order to determine the bending moment and the maximum straightening force required to repair a bent shaft. The importance of this work is because many machines use shafts to transmit power and movement, and these elements can suffer permanent deflections during operation cycles. An appropriate reparation process can increase the life of these elements significantly. Knowing the mechanics for a straightening process is essential for design, processes and maintenance engineers in charge of systems that use these elements (shafts).

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Shinkin, Vladimir N. "Young Modulus at High Temperatures." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.535.

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The dependence of the young modulus of metals and alloys on the high temperature must be taken into account in metallurgy in the hot rolling of steel sheet on sheet-rolling mills, hot flattening of steel sheet in the sheet straightening machines, press forming forgings from hot steel sheet, hot volume stamping of metal products, and so on. For example, on the mill 5000 by SMS Siemag, the sheet-rolling of steel strips from the hot slabs at the stand Quarto (the maximum force of 120 MN) occurs at a temperature from 750 °С to 1050 °С, but the pre-flattening of hot steel strip on the five-roller sheet-straightening machine by SMS Siemag occurs usually in the temperature range from 600 °С to 760 °С. In this paper, based on the analysis of experimental data about the dependence of the young modulus for various steel alloys, the analytical dependence of the young modulus on temperature is obtained.

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Bosco, Crescentino, and Francesco Tondolo. "Bond Performance in Machined Reinforcing Bar for Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 828–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.828.

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Bond between steel and concrete is surely one of the most important aspects in reinforced concrete (r.c.) structures. The structural behavior in general and the formation of the resistant mechanisms in particular, for r.c. structures depends on bond. Normally bond performance has always been related to the relative rib area; in the recent years, a continuous discussion on code specifications regarding the lowering of the limits for the relative rib area (bond index) is under way. The previous values were based on a wide experimental campaign. In general the latter should guarantee a good level of bond in all the common situations. Moreover building industry increased the use of rebar straightening by means of machines used to straighten and shape rebar in coils for use on construction sites. The straightening produces a damage on the ribs that modifies their geometrical properties, essentially due to the action of the rolling line in which a permanent deformation is induced. In the present work, the experimental results of 60 pull-out tests, carried out according with the RILEM testing method, on ribbed reinforcing bars with different reduced rib profile systematically reproducing the straightening process of coil-reinforcing bar produced are shown. Three different diameters are considered: 8, 12 and 16 mm. The behavior in terms of bond strength response is also compared to the Code provisions and then discussed.

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Zdanevich, S. S., R. P. Pogrebnyak, and S. V. Zdanevich. "STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND RATIONAL DESIGN OF MECHANISMS OF CROSS-ROLL TUBE STRAIGHTENING MACHINES." Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport, no. 5(77) (November 19, 2018): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2018/147630.

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Antimonov, Aleksey, and Nadezhda Pushkareva. "Fuel Pipes Coil Drawing Line Production for Diesel Engines." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.739.

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The technology and equipment for diesel engines steel fuel pipes cold rolling and coil drawing production on a self-aligning mandrel are considered. We presented current production line scheme for the pipes production, which includes pipe-rolling drum mills, radial forging machines, thermal furnaces with a protective atmosphere, finishing lines for unwinding coils and straightening pipes, a system of conveyors and stores for transferring coils from one unit to another. A list of articles and patents containing basic information on this topic is attached.

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Shcherbakov, Vladimir, Alexey Konkin, and Angelina Zemerova. "REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH LABORATORY «DIAGNOSTICS OF ROAD CLOTHES AND EARTHWEARS» OF SIBERIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF MESSAGES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (2019): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-1-1-144-154.

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The article provides an overview of the most significant developments of the Scientific Re-search Laboratory "Diagnostics of pavements and road bed" over the past 15 years. Instruments for high-precision measurements of curvilinear distances to determine the length of rail lashes on the ESP in the process of their manufacture, instruments for determining the geometry of the rail track, laser scanning of railways, SAU-3D for the motor grader, electric bollard, straightening-tamping-trimming and crushed-stone cleaning machines, rail navigator and devices for determining the even-ness on the roads. The general information on each development is given, the design features, the purpose of the development, information on patents and metrological certification are shown. It also provides information on the ongoing research on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor the overhaul of the railway track.

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O’Donnell, T. P. "Stress Intensity Factors for Cracks in Conventional S-N Fatigue Specimens." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 118, no. 2 (May 1, 1996): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842182.

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Stress intensity values for cracks growing in conventional fatigue specimens are determined, with emphasis on the end constraint conditions associated with S-N fatigue testing. Three-dimensional finite element analysis methods are used to analyze thumbnail-shaped cracks in cylindrical geometries. Crack front straightening due to the increased bending introduced as crack growth progresses is included in the models. Because relatively stiff fatigue test machines prevent rotation at the clamped ends of test specimens, uniform axial displacement boundary conditions are imposed. Results for uniformly applied axial stress end conditions are also obtained for comparison. For crack-depth-to-specimen-diameter ratios over one-third, bending restraint induced in the specimens under applied axial displacement significantly reduces the resulting stress intensity relative to values computed for uniform end tension. The results are useful for evaluating crack growth in fatigue specimens within the limits of linear elastic fracture mechanics.

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Cuan-Urquizo, Enrique, Mario Martínez-Magallanes, Saúl E. Crespo-Sánchez, Alfonso Gómez-Espinosa, Oscar Olvera-Silva, and Armando Roman-Flores. "Additive manufacturing and mechanical properties of lattice-curved structures." Rapid Prototyping Journal 25, no. 5 (June 10, 2019): 895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-11-2018-0286.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of the fabrication of circle arc curved-layered structures via conventional fused deposition modeling (FDM) with three-axis machines and to identify the main structural parameters that have an influence on their mechanical properties. Design/methodology/approach Customized G-codes were generated via a script developed in MATLAB. The G-codes contain nozzle trajectories with displacements in the three axes simultaneously. Using these, the samples were fabricated with different porosities, and their influence on the mechanical responses evaluated via tensile testing. The load-displacement curves were analyzed to understand the structure-property relationship. Findings Circled arc curved-layered structures were successfully fabricated with conventional three-axis FDM machines. The response of these curved lattice structures under tensile loads was mapped to three main stages and deformation mechanisms, namely, straightening, stretching and fracture. The micro-structure formed by the transverse filaments affect the first stage significantly and the other two minimally. The main parameters that affect the structural response were found to be the transverse filaments, as these could behave as hinges, allowing the slide/rotation of adjacent layers and making the structure more shear sensitive. Research limitations/implications This paper was restricted to arc-curved samples fabricated with conventional three-axis FDM machines. Originality/value The FDM fabrication of curved-structures with controlled porosity and their relation to the resulting mechanical properties is presented here for the first time. The study of curved-lattice structures is of great relevance in various areas, such as biomedical, architecture and aerospace.

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Maksimov, E. A., R. L. Shatalov, and E. P. Ustinovsky. "Development of a Method for the Evaluation of the Gap in the Course of Straightening of Sheet Products on Roller Leveling Machines." Metallurgist 65, no. 1-2 (May 2021): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-021-01133-w.

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Belhadj Ahmed, Abdelwahed, Cyrille Baudouin, Stéphane Leleu, Régis Bigot, and Pascal Secordel. "Methodology to Straighten the End Parts of Long Workpieces." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.328.

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A workpiece is considered as “long” when one dimension is larger than the two others, for example, railways or guides of manufacturing machines. The customers’ requirements’ evolutions asks the question of workpieces end parts straightness. This paper deals with the means to measure and correct the straightness, a way to prevent flaws in adapting the process and it is especially focused on improving quality for the end parts of the long workpiece. At first, to get the right measure of the straightness, we take into account the fact that the workpiece is deformable; consequently, we assumed the hypothesis that the measured straightness is composed of the intrinsic straightness and the elastic one. Then an approach was developed in order to measure any straightness. Secondly, after getting the proof that the measures are reliable; the correction of the straightness has been studied. The method of semi-automated straightening has been developed in order to improve the productivity. Some experiments have been realized and the results have been compared to the theoretical ones. The conclusions will help to find ways to modify the process in order to prevent the flaws of straightness of long workpieces.

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Pachurin, G. V., S. M. Shevchenko, and Mariya V. Mukhina. "Rolled Metal Structure Resource Saving Preparation for Long-Length Hardened Bolt Upsetting." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 662–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.662.

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Along with design factors, reliability of the work-pieces for machines and mechanisms is a function of the structure and the properties of the implied materials; these properties depend significantly on the kind and the mode of the process treatment. Taking into account hardwares production, along with the increased structural integrity and service reliability, a reduction of costs starts from the rolled metal production to manufacturing of the finished parts of required quality. This is particularly relevant under the conditions of mass-production. The article presents a resource saving process flow for a 40X rolled steel, developed as a result of studying the influence of thermal and plastic treatment modes on its structural and mechanical properties. The purpose of the new process flow is the production of hardened bolts, involving drawing and isothermal treatment, but excluding the volume quenching and tempering. Spheroidizing annealing is substituted with an isothermal operation, patenting, which allows to reduce energy costs and to increase environmental compatibility of production and service reliability of bolted items. This makes it possible to shorten the process chain and to reduce the cost of long-length bolts production. The method prevents any potential quench cracking, eliminates the necessity for work-pieces' straightening, decreases the risk of thread defects.

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Lu, Hong, Qian He, He Lin, Yang Wang, Li Tao Zheng, and Wei Wei Zhang. "The Expert System of Prediction of Stroke for Precision Straightening Based on Database." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1740.

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Prediction of stroke for precision straightening is core part of flexible automatic straightening machine. Straightening process is a nonlinear process, and affected by many factors. In this paper, in order to improve the straightening precision, an expert system is developed based on the previous research, which mainly consists of database for keeping data, expert program for self-study and procedures for application. This paper focuses on designing the expert system and application process. Humanization of the software interface has been designed for ordinary operators and researchers. And at last this system’s feasibility is verified by comparison between these two results, the performance of established expert system is excellent. It will be helpful to the development of automatic straightening machine’s control system.

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Li, Shan, Liang Xu, and Yu Qi Wang. "The Analysis of Straightening Machine Straightening Parameter." Advanced Materials Research 630 (December 2012): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.630.129.

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Copper is important to the national economy as a kind of raw material, the Copper metal with higher purity is got by electrolysis in generally. In order to ensure the uniform space between cathode and anode when they are in electro-groove, to attain the better quality of cathode copper and raising production efficiency, verticality of the cathode and anode must be well. So it is very necessary to straighten the Copper starting sheet to acquire the better verticality, this paper adopt the roller type straightening machine to straighten the Copper starting sheet by analysis and comparison according to the material and structure characteristic of Copper starting sheet .this paper will analysis and research the straightening parameter of straightening machine .

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Ganeev, Yu M., and V. V. Chernetsov. "Straightening sections on a universal section-straightening machine." Metallurgist 32, no. 3 (March 1988): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00740778.

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Sun, Zhi Hui, and Wen Yuan Chen. "Research on Straightening Force Measuring Technology for Pre-Stress Straightening Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.680.

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This paper introduces the hardware components of the straightening force measuring system for the pre-stress straightening machine firstly. Then finite element analysis is made for the frame of pre-stress straightening machine based on ANSYS Workbench. Relationship between the straightening force and relative strain on the column neutral layer is obtained by using polynomial fit. And this relationship is used to obtain straightening force in the DAQ software. Then the straightening force DAQ software is developed based on LabVIEW. Structure and development process of the software are introduced in details at last.

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Li, Song, Jin Chun Song, Guan Gan Ren, and Yan Cai. "Research on Hydraulic Control System of Straightening Machine with Nine Rolls for Plates Based on BP Neural Network PID Controller." Advanced Materials Research 820 (September 2013): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.820.117.

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A mechanical transmission equipment of traditional straightening machine for plates are driven by worm gear and worm, which causes small straightening force, slow pressing speed and low control precision. However, screwdown control system of straightening machine can be driven by hydraulic system, which will lead to large straightening force, rapid pressing speed and high control precision. This system was designed for straightening machine with nine rolls for plates, its transfer function was deduced, and the analysis on its stability and time response was conducted. A BP neural network PID controller was utilized in the system for improving dynamic characteristics. It can be concluded that the system responds rapidly, and stability and control precision are high if BP neural network PID controller is used in the system.

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Zhu, Xiaoyu, Peisheng Han, Xiaoxiao Liu, and XiaoGang Wang. "Optimization Model of Process Parameters for Full-Plate Long-Roll Straightening considering Equipment Bounce." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 17, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6647769.

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Roll straightening is an important process link in sheet production. Due to the step change of the straightening force during the straightening bite and the tail flick, the whole-plate length straightening and pressing process changes will affect the straightening effect. Based on the solution of the curvature integral straightening process, this paper introduces the stiffness coefficient of the straightening equipment. Through C language programming, the iterative solution has been realized, and the process parameters of the dynamic change of the straightening reduction have been obtained. The enumeration method was used to establish a calculation method to optimize the entire board-length straightening process. The laboratory comparison of the 11-roll straightening machine proves that the straightening process optimization model meets the application requirements.

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Song, Dong Fang. "Numerical Simulation of Straightening of Steel Pipe for Press Straightening Machine." Advanced Materials Research 145 (October 2010): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.145.493.

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The passage was aimed to solve the problem of calculation of the straightening force and straightening stroke accurately. The finite element method was adopted to establish a load- deflection model of the press straightening process; the loading force of real yield of the part was worked out with DEFORM; then the actual loading or unloading were completed in MARC with the loading force gained from DEFORM in order to achieve the residuary deflection of spring back at the pressure surface and the max deflection value of actual stroke; By fitting data of many points of the pressure surface, a function was abstracted with MATLAB. The high accuracy, simple and easy operability and flexible application of the method provided a way to calculate and control straightening stroke of automatic straightening machine.

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Hrechanyi, Oleksii, Tatiana Vasilchenko, Andrii Vlasov, Eduard Huz, and Daria Tsimakhovych. "Influence of technological process parameters on equipment dynamic factor." System technologies 3, no. 134 (April 5, 2021): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/1562-9945-3-134-2021-01.

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Technological equipment of the metallurgical industry operates in difficult conditions in terms of dynamic loads. On the other hand, special requirements are imposed on their mechanisms - they must be reliable in operation and allow easy regulation, and in the event of breakdowns, allow quick replacement or repair of units and parts, and at the same time must meet the conditions for the accuracy of reproduction of the given technological opera-tions.In modern rolling shops, technological operations are carried out according to the continuous and continuous principles of creating new rolling equipment and the operation of complex machines requires the use of achievements in various fields of science and technology. Scissors, straightening machines, coilers, uncoilers, tilters, manipulators, pushers, conveyors are built into the flow technological working lines. And the performance of the technological line as a whole depends on the coordinated work of these mechanisms.The issues of dynamic loads from the point of view of the interaction of the rolling stands of the continuous broadband mill 1680 have been considered rather thoroughly, while the effect of changing the technological modes of rolling on the equipment of the current line, in particular the coiler, is not covered.In order to reduce equipment downtime due to emergency failures associated with an increase in dynamic loads from incorrectly selected technological modes, the task was set to analytically study the effect of a change in the rolling process on the dynamism coefficient using the example of roller coilers of rolling mills.To analyze the forced vibrations arising in the drive of the reel drum of the mill 1680, a two-mass torsion system is considered, to which external moments are applied - the moment of the technological resistance of the working body, reduced to the motor shaft, and the nominal torque of the electric motor.On the basis of the considered calculation scheme, a functional equation of motion was compiled through which the relationship between the change in the parameters of the technological process and the coefficient of dynamism was established.The solution of the functional equation of motion makes it possible to establish the value of the moment of elastic forces as a function of time, which is used in calculating the dynamic coefficient, which in turn characterizes the dynamic loads on the nodes of technological equipment. Its preliminary calculation allows avoiding emergencies associated with equipment failure in case of incorrect selection of the technological process modes.

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Geng, Jin Hua, Bin Yu, and Bin Fan. "Design and Simulation for New Type Pulley Straightening Machine Based on Pro/E." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 2741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2741.

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Pro/Engineer (Pro/E) was applied to design a new kind of motorcycle belt pulley straightening machine, which was composed of electric cylinder and stepper motor in this paper. The effect of positioning and correcting were achieved by the straightening machine during operation. The motion simulation for correcting key parts was done under mechanical module of the software. The mechanism motion speed and the motion trails of the straightening machine were acquired under different positioning accuracy. Through analysis on the motion trails, the best range of the correcting parts′ rotational speed can be optimized.

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Saveliev, М. V., А. V. Chiglintsev, D. V. Sushnikov, P. V. Ekkert, and V. Yu Elin. "Development of steel continuous casting at the Nizhny Tagil steel-works." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 76, no. 6 (July 21, 2020): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2020-6-550-555.

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Steel continuous casting is one of fundamentals of modern steel industry. Specialists of Nizhny Tagil steel-works (NTMK) made an important contribution to the process perfection. The one-strand slab CCM of curvilinear type with radial mold and slab straightening by multipoint curve, designed and manufactured at Uralmashzavod, became a prototype for many machines, which were later manufactured at domestic and foreign steel-works in the end of 60th of the previous century. In the process of mastering of CCMs, which were put into operation within the programs of the plant modernization and transferring to BOF production with steel continuous casting, the CCMs were significantly modernized and technology of casting was perfected. To bring down the impact on the solidifying billet peel and decrease a billet swell, the scheme of the supporting rollers location was changed, which enabled to increase the length of the supported zone. A principally new scheme of billets cooling was implemented, which ensured a softer and uniform secondary cooling due to water-air “fog”. To create optimal conditions of axis zone forming during production of round billets of 430 mm diameter, a technology of protective heat screens application was used. The protective screens were installed in the end of ingot solidification zone. A large work was done on determination of optimal technological casting parameters – temperature and speed modes, types of slag forming mixtures, types of heat-insulating mixtures, methods of metal protection in the process of casting. As a result of the work done, at EVRAZ NTMK a complex of steel continuous casting was created, which enables to be flexible depending on the varying situation at the market and to produce continuously casted billets of various dimensions and wide range of steel grades.

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Song, Hua, Li Hua Fu, Pei Long Wang, De Xin Ding, and Hui Li. "The Numerical Simulation of Horizontal Straightening for 60 kg/m Heavy Rail with Original Curvature." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.44.

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It has established the FEM model of nine horizontal roller straightening with original curvature for 60㎏/m heavy rail by using explicit dynamics software ANSYS/LS-DYNA in the paper, and it carried out the dynamic simulation process of the nine horizontal roller straightening, analyzed the stress changing rules of heavy rail in the seven deformation zones during the straightening process , even studied the value and distributive condition of residual stress after straightening, disclosed the mechanism of the residual stress in the heavy rail straightening process, and the paper is a guidance to improve heavy rail quality in straightening craft. It has the reference value to the design of heavy rail straightening machine and the formulation of the straightening regulations.

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Huang, Hua Gui, Huan Ping Zheng, Feng Shan Du, and Wen Zhang Wang. "Numerical Simulation Analysis on the Ten Cross Rolls Straightening Process of the Heavy Calibre Seamless Steel Tube." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.56.

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The size and roundness tolerance are common defects of the heavy caliber seamless tube after rolling and heat treatment. In order to disclosure the straightening mechanism of the heavy caliber seamless tube with ten cross rollers straightening machine, a nonlinear finite element model was set up on the platform of MSC.MARC. In this model, a heavy caliber seamless tube of Φ750 × 37 mm with initial roundness tolerance was used. The simulation results show that, the roundness tolerance declined from 1% to 0.2% after straightening, so that the initial roundness tolerance was almost eliminated. And the strain and stress distribution of the tube, the straightening force fluctuating caused by the roundness tolerance were presented and discussed. The analysis results obtained may provide a theoretical foundation not only for establishing the straightening process, but for the machine structure designing.

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Gawali, Mr Krishna. "Sheet Straightening Machine Techniques: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 3215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4538.

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Cao, Yu Bao. "Steel Straightening and Cutting Machine Design." Advanced Materials Research 934 (May 2014): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.934.214.

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Steel cutting machine is one of necessary equipments for steel batch processing. In order to meet the multiple needs of the engineering, realize the automation of the machine, improve the production efficiency, we have designed a steel bar cutting machine where steel bar is not only simply feeded and truncated again, also increased the reinforced straightening system and auxiliary storage devices etc. Broke the previous single reinforced truncated by manpower for operation, realized the automation of the steel processing, achieved a variety of functions of comprehensive coordination, effectively reduced the manpower, improved the production efficiency, greatly adapt to the actual needs of the project.

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Chen, Hui Wei, and Yi Zheng. "Research on Repairing Deformation Rapidly for Steel Strip." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.340.

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This article studied about bending machine, adopted converse thinking for designing, transformed the bending machine then designed steel strip straightening machine, using this machine to make the deformed steel strip straighten. We used the 3 d modeling software SolidWorks to make a 3d model for the machine, then used the add-in cosmosworks of SolidWorks to make a simulation for main part, got the curve of stress, strain, and displacement of the part and provided a reference for the transformation of steel strip straightening machine.

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Li, Lian Jin, and Jia Yang. "Precision Straightening Method of Thin-Walled Seamless Steel Pipes." Advanced Materials Research 819 (September 2013): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.819.65.

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With the highest product performance, quality and reliability requirements, oil casing is the most demanding service conditions in the oil and gas fields. However, when solving with thin-walled seamless steel pipes by the existing straightening theory, the cross section distortion phenomenon shall not be considered, and when the proportion of diameter to wall thickness increases, an ideal straightening effect can't be obtained. With the elastic-plastic bending straightening theory, this paper analyzes straightening process of thin-walled seamless steel pipes, studies the relationship of the flattening rate, deflection and straightening force in thin-walled pipes straightening, deduces the best reduction calculation method in the practical six roller skew rolling straightening machine, and in the meantime, results of several steel pipes flattening rate are compared.

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Wang, Hui Feng, Jing Tao Han, Jing Liu, and Yong Jun Zhang. "Design of Drawing Straightening Machine for Roll-Forming of U-Shaped Steel." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1213.

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The cold-roll-formed profiles usually defects such as bow, camber, twist, edge wave, corner buckling as well as edge cracking, and splitting. Straightening is used as the later part of working procedure in order to eliminate these defects and improve the quality of the final profile. A drawing straightening machine is designed to achieve the purposes of the U-shaped steel straightening. In the design coefficient of friction, forming speed, roll speed, methods to minimize defects.

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Chen, Qiang, Shan Li, Ying Luo, and Wen Long Lu. "Parameters Research of Precise Straightening Process in Roll Straightener." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 800–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.800.

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Refined copper to obtain high quality can use the electrolytic method; the copper cathode plate is applied to the electrochemical machining. In order to make copper cathode plate has high flatness, assuring electrolytic cell cathode and anode plate spacing, so that the purity of copper electrolysis precipitation is higher, so change the straightening plate method has become the urgent task of the enterprise. Through the computer simulation, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA computer optimization, analysis precise straightening device parameters, in ensuring the copper starting sheet straightening can meet basic factories requirements, improve the machining precise straightening machine and copper starting sheet straightening efficiency.

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Guo, Long, and Xingzhong Zhang. "High-Temperature Creep Behaviour and Positive Effect on Straightening Deformation of Q345c Continuous Casting Slab." High Temperature Materials and Processes 37, no. 3 (March 26, 2018): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2016-0190.

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AbstractMechanical and creep properties of Q345c continuous casting slab subjected to uniaxial tensile tests at high temperature were considered in this paper. The minimum creep strain rate and creep rupture life equations whose parameters are calculated by inverse-estimation using the regression analysis were derived based on experimental data. The minimum creep strain rate under constant stress increases with the increase of the temperature from 1000 °C to 1200 °C. A new casting machine curve with the aim of fully using high-temperature creep behaviour is proposed in this paper. The basic arc segment is cancelled in the new curve so that length of the straightening area can be extended and time of creep behaviour can be increased significantly. For the new casting machine curve, the maximum straightening strain rate at the slab surface is less than the minimum creep strain rate. So slab straightening deformation based on the steel creep behaviour at high temperature can be carried out in the process of Q345c steel continuous casting. The effect of creep property at high temperature on slab straightening deformation is positive. It is helpful for the design of new casting machine and improvement of old casting machine.

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Zhang, Yongquan, Hong Lu, Xinbao Zhang, Wei Fan, He Ling, Qinyu Wei, and Mingtian Ma. "A novel analytical model for straightening process of rectangle-section metal bars considering asymmetrical hardening features." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 9 (September 2018): 168781401879915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018799158.

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The applied straightening moment and the springback after unloading with respect to the straightening process of rectangle-section metal bars have a direct influence on the straightening accuracy and efficiency. In this article, an asymmetrical hardening material model is first proposed to describe the stress–strain curves considering the asymmetrical features of yield stress and plastic hardening stage in tension and compression, and it is also compared with the traditional linear hardening material model. To accurately evaluate the elasto-plastic bending deformation and the springback in the straightening process, an analytical model for the loading and unloading moments is then established. The strain and stress distributions in elastic and plastic regions during the straightening process are also discussed in this article. Finally, the straightening experiments of rectangle-section metal bars under different heat-treated conditions are conducted on the ROSE-JZ50 straightening machine with displacement sensors, force sensors and strain gauges to validate the proposed analytical straightening model.

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Halama, Radim, Jan Sikora, Martin Fusek, Jaromír Mec, Jana Bartecká, and Renata Wagnerová. "Billet Straightening by Three-Point Bending and Its Automation." Materials 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010090.

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This paper presents the current results of cooperation focused on automatic billet straightening machine development. First, an experimental study of three-point bending realized on small specimens is presented to explain the basic ideas of the straightening. Then, the main regimes of straightening and the algorithm itself are described together. Subsequent finite element simulations of operational experiments show the applicability of the developed theory. The significance of material parameters estimation is depicted in this work. At least four parameters have to be properly determined for a new material in the straightening process.

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Wang, Shan Gang, Pei Yan Zhan, and Hai Bin Xu. "Control System Research of Square Steel Tube Straightening Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 1337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.1337.

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The article expounds the square steel tube straightening machine which is given priority to with PLC (Siemens S7-200) of the control system use testing car`s sensor to test square steel tube`s bending. Then, according to the curve`s size and location of the peaks and troughs of the curvature degree of square steel tube straightening machine control correct device again find square steel tube`s position of the peaks and troughs, and the peaks and troughs in the use of hydraulic cylinder for the opposite direction of compression. The hydraulic cylinder travel sizes are set to peak and trough values and tests again, until they meet the requirements. This control system can meet the control demands of square steel tube straightening machine, reflected the applicability, convenience, safety and reliability.

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Man, Yuan, Xian Kui Li, and La Dao Yang. "Experimental Research of Elevated Temperature Creep and Stress Relaxation during Continuous Straightening." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.7.

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In the process of the continuous straightening during continuous casting, elevated temperature creep and stress relaxation are remarkable. During continuous straightening, temperature of steel billet is very high, where the characteristic of deformation is low strain and low strain rate. Experiments of elevated temperature creep, stress relaxation and elevated tension under the conditions of continuous straightening were carried on Gleeble3500 thermal-mechanical simulation machine and the results indicate that both the creep speed and the stress relaxation speed are very fast in the conditions of continuous straightening. Then metallurgical structures were observed. A lead plate was used to simulate the billet during continuous straightening and then straightening forces were measured. An elasto-viscoplastic model and an elasto-plastic model were built according to the experiment to calculate the straightening forces. The contrast between the calculation results and the measured data shows that ignoring the creep and stress relaxation will result in great errors when calculating the straightening forces in continuous straightening. Carrying researches on elevated temperature creep and stress relaxation and using their characteristics in design has great importance to improve the quality and quantity of billets in the process of continuous casting.

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Yang, Mei, Chun Yan Tian, You Quan Chen, and Cheng Da Ning. "Development of the On-Line Straightness Detection System for Shafts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1592.

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Aiming at the low efficiency and precision of nowadays domestic auto-straightening machine of shafts, a new kind of shafts straightness detection system is researched and developed. The supporting part of the measuring mechanism adopts the mechanical structure of auto-going-down of straightening points supporting pedestal. The whole convolute measuring system fixes on the machine tool orbit sliding table, whose movement can change the position for the straightening point and make positioning faster and more accurate. In addition, this detection system bases on applications math and builds math model by Fourier transform which can separate the elliptical error signal, straightness error signal and impulse error signal and then gained ideal straightness error of shafts.

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Kang, Hao, Wu Di, and Xian Ming Zhao. "Straightness of U75V 100m Heavy Rail under Deferent Straightening Processes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 127 (October 2011): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.127.105.

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Temperature of the head, the waist, the bottom and angle of the bottom of same heavy rail lying on the cooling bed is tested continuously, time interval is 5min, which can provide the basis for prebending process. Additionally, the U75V 60Kg/m heavy rail straightening processes using the horizontal and edge roll compound straightening machine is discussed in this paper, and contrasts the cross-section dimension and straightness of heavy rail before and after being straightened, which is important to make certain of optimum straightening parameters.

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Li, Shan, Yu Qi Wang, and Liang Xu. "The Numerical Simulation and Parameter Optimization Analysis of Straightening Machine Straightening Process Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA." Advanced Materials Research 630 (December 2012): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.630.133.

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Copper is important to the national economy as a kind of raw material, the Copper metal with higher purity is got by electrolysis in generally. In order to ensure the uniform space between cathode and anode when they are in electro-groove, to attain the better quality of cathode copper and raising production efficiency, verticality of the cathode and anode must be well. So it is very necessary to straighten the Copper starting sheet to acquire the better verticality, this paper adopt the roller type straightening machine to straighten the Copper starting sheet by analysis and comparison according to the material and structure characteristic of Copper starting sheet . In order to test the straightening ,this paper will use the ANSYS/LS-DYNA to simulate straightening machine to meet the need of company.

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Tabakov, Petr A., and Aleksey P. Tabakov. "Device for checking crankshaft bending and its straightening." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-2-96-101.

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Before grinding, the crankshafts are checked for curvature, the allowed runout of the average root neck should be within 0.03-0.05 mm. Straightening is performed on a hydraulic press, installing the crankshaft on prisms in the side root necks, and to check the degree of straightening, one have to move the crankshaft to the grinding machine and fix it on the centers. Such devices have many disadvantages. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in expanding the functionality of the crankshaft straightening device, developing drawings and application of a patent for a device that could check the bending of the crankshaft at the centers, as well as straightening with a fixed reverse bend, which eliminates multiple straightening and increases the life of the shaft and the resource of the internal combustion engine. (Materials and methods) The article proposes upgraded equipment, protected by a patent, to increase the life of the crankshaft, labor productivity by 3-4 times and the accuracity of straightening. (Results and discussion) Authors have made drawings and got patent N191590 from August 14, 2019 for a device for checking the bending of the shaft on the centers and straightening under the press. The article describes the equipment work. (Conclusions) Checking the crankshaft for bending at the centers and straightening with a fixed reverse bend on a single device significantly improves labor productivity and straightening accuracy. The straightening of crankshafts by the proposed method is more than 99 percent without breakdowns.

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Návrat, Tomas, and Jindrich Petruška. "Eulerian Description of Rail Straightening Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 624 (August 2014): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.213.

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The paper deals with numerical analysis of the process of roller straightening of rails. The problem of repeated elasto-plastic bending is solved by a program in MATLAB based on FEM algorithm with Eulerian description of material flow through the straightening machine. Beam element formulation with a shear deformation effect is used for the rail discretization. The results are compared with literature and standard FE analysis with Lagrangian description of material flow. Effectiveness of presented formulation is discussed and its applicability for fast iterative optimization of the straightening process is illustrated.

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Timakov, E. V., and F. S. Dubinskiy. "Numerical Analysis and Simulation of the Straightening Process of Heavy Rails on a Horizontal Roller-Straightening Machine." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 775–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.775.

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In this paper, the ABAQUS is adopted to carry on numerical simulation on straightening process of R65 heavy rail. The straightening process has been simulated here using the FE package of ABAQUS. All the input data were extracted from experimental tests according to tail manufacturing. Moreover, initial camber of the rail was measured after hot rolling and cooling process.

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Gawali, Mr Krishna. "A Research on Design of Sheet Straightening Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.6036.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Straightening machines'

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