Relevant bibliographies by topics / Strains and stresses

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Strains and stresses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Elsayed, M. M., M. O. Hendy, and E. E. El Soally. "A new approach for the determination of residual stresses in biaxially stressed plates." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 28, no. 3 (July 1, 1993): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247v283181.

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This paper presents a modified hole-drilling technique for measuring residual stresses in a finite width plate subjected to biaxial tensile loading. Instead of using a special strain rosette containing three elements, only two strain gauges are used to determine the values of relaxed strains and hence the residual stresses in a biaxially stressed plate. It also gives a new approach which measures the radial relieved strains in two strain gauges mounted on a plate due to drilling a small central hole and then enlarging it. The corresponding residual stresses and their directions are derived.
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PAVLOVA, I. P., and I. V. BELKINA. "PARAMETRIC RESEARCH OF RESTRAINED STRAINS AND STRESSES OF SELF-STRESSED FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE AT THE STAGE OF EXPANSION." Building and reconstruction 108, no. 4 (2023): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2023-108-4-81-92.

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One of the main advantages of self-stressed concrete is its ability to compensate for one of the main disadvantages inherent in mineral binders – shrinkage strains. However, approaches to predicting the properties of self-stressed concrete are not universal, since they are based mainly on phenomenological approaches and empirical dependencies. The main approaches to predicting strains and stresses arising in expansive concrete are energy- and deformation approaches. A number of researchers confirm the effectiveness of applying the deformation approach to determine intrinsic strains and stresse
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Miner, Valerie, and Carol Anshaw. "Stresses and Strains." Women's Review of Books 19, no. 9 (June 2002): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4023935.

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Xing, Yufeng, Lingyu Meng, Zhiwei Huang, and Yahe Gao. "A Novel Efficient Prediction Method for Microscopic Stresses of Periodic Beam-like Structures." Aerospace 9, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9100553.

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This paper presents a novel superposition method for effectively predicting the microscopic stresses of heterogeneous periodic beam-like structures. The efficiency is attributed to using the microscopic stresses of the unit cell problem under six generalized strain states to construct the structural microscopic stresses. The six generalized strain states include one unit tension strain, two unit bending strains, one unit torsion strain, and two linear curvature strains of a Timoshenko beam. The six microscopic stress solutions of the unit cell problem under these six strain states have previou
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Hyde, T. H., R. Sabesan, and S. B. Leen. "Approximate Prediction Methods For Multiaxial Notch Stresses and Strains Under Elastic-Plastic and Creep Conditions." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 40, no. 6 (August 1, 2005): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/030932405x16016.

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This paper describes general techniques for predicting multiaxial notch stresses and strains under elastic-plastic and creep conditions. The Neuber method, which is often used in elastic-plastic analysis, has been adapted and extended for predicting creep equivalent notch stresses and strains, based on a time-stepping integration scheme. A linear interpolation method, often used in creep analysis, is adapted and extended for predicting elastic-plastic equivalent stresses and strains. Then notch principal stresses and strains are obtained by applying plasticity theory in combination with assump
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Frishter, Lyudmila. "Comparison of the stress and strain intensity factors for the corner area of the structure boundary." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 03029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819303029.

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The stress-strain state of structures in areas with corner cut-outs and cuts of boundaries features the occurrence of areas of stress concentration and requires assessment of strength and reliability of facilities, which is a relevant task in engineering practice. Theoretical analysis of stress-strain state (SSS) of corner cut-outs zones of the area boundary is reduced to the study of singular solutions of the elasticity theory problem with exponential features. At that, the concept of stress or strain concentration in an irregular point of the area boundary is meaningless. This paper consider
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Johnson, A. R., T. Chen, and J. L. Mead. "Modeling Step—Strain Relaxation and Cyclic Deformations of Elastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 75, no. 2 (May 1, 2002): 333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3544982.

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Abstract Data for step—strain relaxation and cyclic compressive deformations of highly viscous short elastomer cylinders are modeled using a large strain rubber viscoelastic constitutive theory with a rate—independent friction stress term added. In the tests, both small and large amplitude cyclic compressive strains, in the range of 1% to 10%, were superimposed on steady state compressed strains, in the range of 5% to 20%, for frequencies of 1 and 10 Hz. The elastomer cylinders were conditioned prior to each test to soften them. The constants in the viscoelastic—friction constitutive theory ar
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Gu, Randy J., and Yung-Li Lee. "A New Method for Estimating Nonproportional Notch-Root Stresses and Strains." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 119, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2805971.

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This paper presents a generalized two-step endochronic approach for estimating notch stresses and strains based on elastic stress solutions. In the first stress-controlled step, notch root strains are calculated from elastic stresses using a conventional uniaxial method, such as Glinka’s energy density method and Neuber’s rule. In the second strain-controlled step notch root stresses corresponding to the estimated local strains are calculated from the given material properties. Both stress-controlled and strain-controlled algorithms based on endochronic plasticity theory are presented herein.
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Ezendiokwere, Nnamdi E., Victor J. Aimikhe, Adewale Dosunmu, and Ogbonna F. Joel. "Influence of depth on induced geo-mechanical, chemical, and thermal poromechanical effects." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 7 (May 14, 2021): 2917–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01174-6.

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AbstractDelivering efficient and cost-effective drilled and excavated holes require effective prediction of instability along the hole profile. Most drilled and excavated hole stability analyses in the literature are performed for a given zone without considering the influence of depth. This study focused on determining the influence of depth on induced geo-mechanical, chemical, and thermal stresses and strains in drilled or excavated holes. To this end, a new porochemothermoelastic model was developed based on extended poroelastic theory, and the developed model was employed in determining in
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Pyzalla, Anke R., Björn Reetz, Alain Jacques, Jean-Pierre Feiereisen, Olivier Ferry, Thomas Buslaps, and Walter Reimers. "In-situ investigation of strain relaxation in an Al/Si–MMC using high energy synchrotron radiation." International Journal of Materials Research 95, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2004-0119.

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Abstract Thermal and mechanical loading induce phase specific strains/stresses in MMCs. At elevated temperature part of the phase-specific strains/stresses relax. The relaxation of the phase-specific strains/stresses is determined by in-situ experiments using white high-energy synchrotron radiation. The experiments reveal that such time-resolved strain measurements are possible and that short-time phenomena can be accessed using white high-energy synchrotron radiation. The elastic strain relaxation behavior is similar for all lattice planes accessed. The influence of the temperature on the cha
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Wijewickreme, Dharmapriya. "Behaviour of sand under simultaneous increase in stress ratio and rotation of principal stresses." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31410.

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Drained behaviour of sands under simultaneous increase in stress ratio and principal stress rotation is investigated. The hollow cylinder torsional (HCT) device which permits independent control of four stress parameters: mean normal stress σ'[subscript]m, stress ratio R, intermediate principal stress parameter b and the inclination α[subscript]σ of σ'₁ to the vertical, is adopted as the testing device. In order to conduct complex stress path testing in the HCT device, a new automatic stress path control system is developed. The stress non-uniformities due to the curvature of the HCT specime
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Nagaraja, Srinidhi. "Microstructural Stresses and Strains Associated with Trabecular Bone Microdamage." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14093.

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Bone is a composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite crystals deposited in an oriented manner on a collagen backbone. The arrangement of the mineral and organic phases provides bone tissue with the appropriate strength, stiffness, and fracture resistance properties required to protect vital internal organs and maintain the shape of the body. A remarkable feature of bone is the ability to alter its properties and geometry in response to changes in the mechanical environment. However, in cases of metabolic bone diseases or aging, bone can no longer successfully adapt to its environment, inc
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Koob, Christopher E. "High temperature fiber optic strain sensing." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-171339/.

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Junge, Michael Dominic Alexander. "Measurement of applied stresses using the polarization of Rayleigh surface waves." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04062004-164653/unrestricted/junge%5Fmichael%5Fd%5Fa%5F200312%5Fms.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in E.S.M.)--School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Laurence Jacobs and Jianmin Qu.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-117).
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Udakara, Deepthi De Silva. "Experimental study of a modified flat dilatometer under plane strain condition." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22089007.

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Kennedy, Kevin Francis. "A method for metal deformation and stress analysis in rolling." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261418472.

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Diercks, David Robert Kaufman Michael Joseph. "Measurement of lattice strain and relaxation effects in strained silicon using x-ray diffraction and convergent beam electron diffraction." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3978.

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Swett, Lauren J. "Seasonal Variations of Pavement Layer Moduli Determined Using In Situ Measurements of Pavement Stress and Strain." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SwettLJ2007.pdf.

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Kingston, Kristopher William. "Shear stresses under waves and currents." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25097.

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This study set out to investigate the shear stress behaviour at the bed under combined wave and current action. The intention of the study was to make experimental measurements to determine how wave and current shear stresses combine, so that theoretical models describing the combined flow condition could be proposed. Two types of experiment were conducted, and theoretical models for the combined flow were assessed. One set of experiments attempted to use a shear plate to make direct measurements of the combined flow shear stress, and of the shear stresses for the component waves and steady c
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Seki, Wataru. "Analysis of strain localization in hyperelastic materials, using assumed stress hybrid elements." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19088.

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Books on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Szarliński, Jan. Stan naprężenia i obciążenie graniczne masywnych konstrukcji z betonu. Kraków: Politechnika Krakowska, 1989.

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Canadian Society of Civil Engineers., ed. Traction stresses. [Montréal?: s.n., 1991.

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L, Window A., ed. Strain gauge technology. 2nd ed. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.

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Archer, Robert R. Growth Stresses and Strains in Trees. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02511-6.

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Archer, Robert R. Growth stresses and strains in trees. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Deville, J. P. Stress and Strain in Epitaxy: Theoretical Concepts, Measurements and Applications. Burlington: Elsevier, 2001.

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B, Fichter W., and Langley Research Center, eds. A finite-element alternating method for two-dimensional mode-I crack configurations. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics ansd Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1988.

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Craver, W. Lionel. Vibration frequencies of tapered bars with nonclassical boundary conditions. El Paso, Tex: University of Texas at El Paso, Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Dept., 1988.

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Mei, C. Multiple-mode nonlinear free and forced vibrations of beams using finite element method. Norfolk, Va: Old Dominion University Research Foundation, 1987.

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Chamis, C. C. Simplified composite micromechanics for predicting microstresses. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Johnson, Anthony, and Keith Sherwin. "Stresses and strains." In Foundations of Mechanical Engineering, 157–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7112-8_8.

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Krenk, Steen, and Jan Høgsberg. "Stresses and Strains." In Statics and Mechanics of Structures, 321–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6113-1_8.

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Das, Braja M. "Stresses and strains." In Advanced Soil Mechanics, 65–107. 5th edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351215183-2.

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Singh, Dinesh Kumar. "Simple Stresses and Strains." In Strength of Materials, 1–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59667-5_1.

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Kumar, B. Raghu. "Simple Stresses and Strains." In Strength of Materials, 1–13. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003298748-1.

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Fuchs, Maurice Bernard. "Applied Strains and Initial Stresses." In Structures and Their Analysis, 235–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31081-7_13.

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Greenblatt, Milton. "Internal Dynamics: Stresses and Strains." In Anatomy of Psychiatric Administration, 109–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9179-2_5.

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Muvdi, B. B., and J. W. McNabb. "Torsional Stresses, Strains, and Rotations." In Engineering Mechanics of Materials, 159–97. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3022-9_4.

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Huda, Zainul. "Complex/Principal Stresses and Strains." In Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 143–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84927-6_8.

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Čanađija, Marko. "Temperature-Dependent Thermoplasticity at Finite Strains." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses, 4813–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_666.

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Conference papers on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Klein, Claude A. "Multilayered optical windows: strains, stresses, and curvature." In AeroSense '99, edited by Randal W. Tustison. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.354629.

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Lee, C., S. Lin, C. Lee, and S. Lin. "Residual stresses and strains in composite tubes." In 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-2722.

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Dhayea Assi, Abdullah. "A New Main Matrix to Find the Principal Stresses, Strains and the Max - Shear Stress, Strain by MATLAB Simulation." In The 2nd International Conference on The Future Sustainable Energy. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-clvs2s.

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In this research, a main matrix has been derived from the stress components in the inclined plane with an angle θ that calculates the normal stresses and shear stress in the inclined plane to be used in calculating the main stresses and the maximum shear stress in one step, this is done using the principal stress angle which is calculated from known stress compounds. As well as calculating the maximum shear stress after using the correction factor. The inverse of this derived matrix can be used to calculate the stress compounds through the known principal stresses and this applies to the compo
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Askari, Davood, Hiroshi Asanuma, and Mehrdad N. Ghasemi-Nejhad. "A Comparative Finite Element Analysis of Residual Stresses in Active Fiber Composites With Embedded Metal-Core Piezoelectric Fibers and Macro Fiber Composites." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79049.

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Residual stresses are basically developed due to intrinsic and extrinsic strains that form during the processing of composite materials. The extrinsic strains can be determined using Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE), material properties, geometry of the structure, and processing conditions. Finite Element Method (FEM) as an efficient alternative technique for stress and strain analysis of the micromechanical systems and structures, has been employed to numerically investigate the residual stresses developed in Metal-Core Piezoelectric Fibers (MPF) and Active Fiber Composites (AFC) (or Ma
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Nun˜ez, J. E., and G. Glinka. "Approximate Analysis of Creep Strains and Stresses at Notches." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-1888.

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A method for the estimation of creep induced strains and stresses at notches has been developed. The purpose of the method is to generate a solution for the time-dependent strain and stress at the notch root based on the linear-elastic stress state, the constitutive law, and the material creep model. The proposed solution is an extension of Neuber’s rule used for the case of time-independent plasticity. The method was derived for both localized and non-localized creep in a notched body. Predictions were compared with finite element data and good agreement was obtained for various geometrical a
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Šittner, Petr, Ondřej Tyc, Elizaveta Iaparova, Orsolya Molnarová, Yuchen Chen, and Luděk Heller. "On Plastic Strains Generated by B2-B19’ Martensitic Transformation in NiTi Proceeding under External Stress." In SMST 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.smst2024p0052.

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Abstract Stress-strain-temperature thermomechanical responses of NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA) due to B2 - B19’ martensitic transformation (MT) shall be ideally phase and strain reversible in closed loop thermomechanical load cycles, in which the austenite and martensite phases do not deform plastically. However, this is the case only when MT proceeds at zero or very low externally applied stresses. When MT proceeds under larger externally applied stresses, it generates small plastic strains recorded in closed loop thermomechanical load cycles (black curve in Fig. 1a). Since such small plasti
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Kazeminia, Mehdi, and Abdel-Hakim Bouzid. "Analysis of Stresses and Strains in Packed Stuffing-Boxes." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28570.

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Packed stuffing-boxes are mechanical sealing systems that are extensively used in pressurized valves and pumps. Yet there is no standard design procedure that could be used to verify their mechanical integrity and leak tightness. It is only recently that standard test procedures to qualify the packing material have been suggested for adoption in both North America and Europe. While the packing contact stress with the side walls is predictable using existing models there is no analytical methodology to verify the stresses and strains in the stuffing-box housing. This paper presents an analytica
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Wahl-Wachendorf, xxx, Dirk Seidel, Thomas Solbach, and Martina Severin-Tölle. "691 Mental stresses and strains in construction sector employees." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1672.

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Beattie, Deborah K., Raymond P. Vito, Chengpei Xu, and Seymour Glagov. "Determination of Stresses and Strains in Heterogeneous, Diseased Human Aorta." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1191.

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Abstract Atherosclerosis continues to be a leading cause of death and disability in this and other western industrialized nations. Although little is known regarding the relationships between stresses and strains in the arterial wall and disease etiology, one of the most clinically relevant issues is the stability of the established plaque. In this research, an experimental technique was developed to determine the finite strain field in heterogeneous, diseased arterial cross-sections in vitro. The distribution of histologic attributes such as lipid accumulations, regions of calcification, and
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Sulwinski, Rafal, and Rusty Johnston. "Methodology for Validation of Finite Element Analysis Utilizing Strain Gauge Measurements." In ASME 2023 Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvuq2023-108749.

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Abstract As analysis utilizing Finite Element Method (FEM) has become widely adopted in engineering practices and incorporated into governing standards, physical validation of these analyses is often forgone. Physical validation gives insight into the validity of assumptions and simplifications commonly used to efficiently process FEM simulations. This paper proposes that one reason physical validation is commonly forgone is a lack of knowledge of a general end to end methodology for the physical measurement, processing, and comparison of data. This paper presents such a methodology for the co
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Reports on the topic "Strains and stresses"

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Burdick, L. J., and J. S. Barker. Strains and Stresses Near Explosions and Earthquakes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada181198.

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Holden, T., R. Hosbons, and J. Root. CWI1988-Andi-21 Neutron Diffraction of Axial Residual Strains Near a Circumferential Crack. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011391.

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The intent of the experiments reported here was to measure the axial residual strain at the 6:00 position of a girth-weld in the presence of a crack which had propagated a few millimeters from the inside diameter of the llnepipe. The linepipe, 914 mm diameter and average thickness 16.2 mm had been previously examined at Chalk River and the strains at the 1:30, 6:00 and 10:30 positions had been measured prior to the introduction of the crack. Large changes in the level of axial residual strain and introduction of strong through-wall strain gradients are observed on re- welding 16 mm line pipe w
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Alexander, Chris. PR-562-184500-R01 Feasibility Study of Piggable Plug Technologies for Onshore Pressure Isolation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011665.

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Pipeline isolation tools from three different manufacturers were evaluated using full-scale testing and numerical modeling to evaluate stresses generated in 24-inch diameter pipe material considering tool-induced loads and internal pressure. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted to calculate stresses and strains considering different pipe sizes, material grades, and internal pressures. The FEA results were used to generate a user-friendly parametric tool that was validated with measurements made using strain gauges installed on the test spools. The program demonstrated that the isolation
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Djondjorov, Peter, Kostadin G. Kostadinov, and Georgi I. Stoilov. Modeling of Stresses and Strains in Cell Membranes Subjected to Micro-Injection. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-12-2011-178-185.

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Kiefner, J. F., J. M. Tuten, and T. A. Wall. L51516 Preventing Pipeline Failure in Areas of Soil Movement - Part 1. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010303.

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Ordinarily, buried pipelines undergo little or no movement in service. In a stable soil environment the longitudinal stress in a pipeline seldom approaches the limiting design value set by applicable codes and regulations. Pipeline serviceability under such conditions is seldom, if ever, threatened by the degree of longitudinal stress. In contrast, localized areas may exist along a pipeline where soils and/or slopes are unstable or where subsidence or differential settlement can occur. In these areas, longitudinal stresses may become severe enough to cause a failure. Over the years various tec
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Graville, B. A. L51707 Factors Affecting Heat Affected Zone Root Strains in Pipeline Girth Welds and Repairs. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010219.

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A previous study on hydrogen cracking in the heat affected zone of pipeline girth welds and repairs found that large strains in the HAZ transverse to the weld played a major role in causing cracking. Large transverse strains were believed to arise from bending of the weld due to the thermal contraction of the weld around the pipe circumference. Large root strains were simulated in the laboratory using a bend test which enabled the effect of material composition and strength to be studied. In the bend test, the specimen deflection at the onset of cracking, indicated by a drop in load, was used
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7

Genchev, Yancho, Nelly Staneva, and Desislava Hristodorova. Approach for Analysis of Strains and Stresses in an Upholstered Furniture Frame Using Finite Elements Based System. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.10.12.

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8

Cook, W. A. Generalized finite strains, generalized stresses, and a hybrid variational principle for finite-element computer programs using curvilinear coordinates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6288515.

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9

Grene Alscher, Ruth, Jonathan Gressel, Carole Cramer, Abraham Warshawsky, and Elizabeth Grabau. Mechanisms of Oxidant Resistance in Weed and Crop Species. United States Department of Agriculture, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613041.bard.

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A large body of evidence has accumulated showing that plant strains that are tolerant to a particular oxidant stress have a modicum of cross-tolerance to other oxidant stresses, whether caused by transient heat, drought, cold or oxidizing air pollutants or herbicides. We have studied a multienzyme scavenging system associated with oxidant tolerance at the metabolic and molecular levels in the model systems of pea and Conyza. Data from our experimental systems suggest that both development and subcellular compartmentalization play important roles in stress tolerance. The behavior of the chlorop
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10

Alexander, Chris, and Atul Ganpatye. PR652-203801-R03 Full-scale Testing to Evaluate the Performance of Large Standoff Magnetometry. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012203.

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This report documents the full-scale testing efforts undertaken to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of Large Standoff Magnetometry (LSM) technology from the perspective of quantifying stresses or strains in a pipeline subjected to geohazard loading conditions. The fundamental motivation behind this project is motivated by the need for developing LSM as a global non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique to supplement the traditional approach for estimating pipeline curvature/strain in geohazard loading scenarios. The goal of the full-scale testing was to bend a representative, real-wo
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