Dissertations / Theses: 'Strategic aspects of Namibia'

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David, Carlota Ndembwe. "Strategic alignment to achieve sustainability : an analysis of a Namibian based company." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97274.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research found and understood that the ability of the case study organisation (company X) to understand sustainability issues and stakeholder interests lies in the firm‟s core purpose and strategy (i.e. the notion of incorporating sustainability into business decisions). The research also understood that at company X the three strategy propositions (value, profit, people) are achieved through the process of implementing the company‟s change initiatives for sustainability and in turn support the company to evolve towards a sustainable enterprise. The ability to make sustainability a fundamental aspect of its business decisions is what distinguishes company X such that it can successfully design, introduce and diffuse strategies, practices and cultural traits aligned with sustainable models The researcher further believes that change interventions or initiatives carried out at company X such as value delivery, workforce plan alignment and cash generation are expected to enhance responsibility and accountability of employees. At company X, individuals are informed and allowed a great deal of autonomy when it comes to generating ideas to tackle strategic initiatives. The sense of inclusiveness allows individuals in company X to change their identity and behaviour in line with ideal models of the sustainable enterprise.

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Marker, Laure. "Aspects of cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) biology, ecology and conservation strategies on Namibian farmlands." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ae3a6eed-5470-4664-9c05-ecfddabbebec.

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In an increasingly human-dominated environment, the task of successfully conserving large carnivores, such as cheetahs, is difficult due to real or perceived threats resulting in conflict and often their local extirpation. This research describes the causes and potential solutions to this conflict in Namibia. Cheetah biology and ecology were studied through physical examination, laboratory analysis, radio-tracking and human perceptions using survey techniques. Between 1991 and 2000 data collected on over 400 live-captured and dead cheetahs showed that a perceived threat to livestock or game was the reason for 91.2% (n = 343) of cheetahs captured and 47.6% (n = 30) of wild cheetah deaths. Both were biased towards males, with 2.9 males being captured for every female, despite an apparent equality of sex ratio. Human-mediated mortality accounted for 79.4% (n = 50) of wild deaths reported, of which the majority involved prime adult animals, with a peak at around 5-6 years of age. Polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to assess 313 Namibian cheetahs' variation, gene flow, paternity and behavioural ecology. Genetic analysis showed limited regional differentiation supporting a panmictic population and that persistence in Namibia depends on dispersal from regions throughout the country; therefore efforts of connectivity throughout the country should continue. Relatedness values confirmed family groups, and 45 new potential sire/dam offspring and 7 sibling groups were identified, providing information on dispersal and the success of translocation. Sera from wild cheetah were assessed for exposure to feline and canine virus antibodies to CDV, FCoV/FTP, FHV1, FPV, and FCV; antibodies were detected in 24%, 29%, 12%, 48%, and 65%, respectively, showing infection occurs in wild cheetahs; although there was no evidence of disease at time of capture, these diseases are known to cause serious clinical disease in captive cheetahs. Neither FIV antibodies nor FeLV antigens were present in any wild cheetahs tested, however, the first case of FeLV in a non-domestic felid is described in a captive Namibian cheetah. Concern for contact with domestic animals is discussed. Focal Palatine Erosion (FPE), a dental abnormality found in captive cheetahs, was discovered in over 70% of the wild cheetahs and was correlated with dental malocclusions, and is of concern to the long-term health of wild cheetahs. Namibian cheetahs have a mean 95% kernel home range of 1642.3 km² (+/- 1565.1 km²), the largest home ranges yet defined. Habitat type significantly affected the cheetah's spatial distribution and prey density. Radio-collared female cheetahs were more closely related to other cheetahs in the study area than males, indicating male dispersal. Continual cheetah perturbation may partially explain the unusually low density of cheetahs in this area (estimated at only 2.5 cheetahs per 1000km²) despite the apparent abundance of prey. Namibian farmers originally surveyed revealed a mean removal of 19 cheetahs per year/farm, even when not considered a problem, and higher removals occurred on game farms. Evidence for actual livestock depredation was negligible, only 3% of reported captures. Scat analysis revealed cheetahs' selection for indigenous game, however 5% of scats contained evidence of livestock. Research conducted on methods of conflict resolution showed that placing Anatolian Shepherd livestock guarding dogs proved to be effective, with 76% of farmers reporting a large decline in livestock losses since acquiring an Anatolian. Such solutions appear effective in increasing farmer's tolerance for cheetahs, and by the end of the study period cheetah removals dropped to a mean of 2.1 cheetahs/farm/year. Implementing strategies such as these could be significant for reducing human-carnivore conflict in the many other places in which it occurs.

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Nashandi, Johanna Christa Ndilimeke. "Experiences and coping strategies of women living with HIV/AIDS: case study of Khomas region, Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2002. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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This study focuses on the impact of HIV/AIDS on women in Namibia. Namibia, with a population of only 1.7 million people, is ranked as the seventh highest country in the world in terms of HIV/AIDS infections. The percentage of women living with HIV/AIDS in Namibia accounts for 54% of the total of 68 196 people in the country living with the virus. Women are also diagnosed with the disease at a younger age (30) in comparison to their male counterparts (35 years). Desoite their needs, women living with HIV/AIDS bear a triple burden of caring for those living with HIV/AIDS, caring for themselves and coping with the responses to their infection. There are few focused intervention strategies to support and care for women living with HIV/AIDS in Namibia.

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Boois, Ulrich. "Key decision-makers' perceptions of sustainable sea fisheries in Namibia and the implications for environmental education programmes." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003544.

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This study investigates key decision-makers' perceptions of sustainable sea fisheries in Namibia, and explores the possibilities for the future development of education programmes that focus on "sustainability" in the fisheries sector. The concept of "sustainability" and its application in the context of a biological resource, namely sea fisheries, was examined. A series of questions were raised concerning sustainable fisheries: intergenerational implications of patterns of resource use, equity concerns, time horizons, and the protection of marine biodiveristy, among others. Examples from the Namibian and the European Community Sea Fisheries Industries are used to illustrate these issues. In spite of divergent views on what "sustainability" means, the study leads to certain findings that have broader policy implications. Data was collected from semi-structured interviews undertaken with six (6) key decision-makers in the Sea Fisheries Industry of Namibia, then analysed and assessed. The perceptions of key decisionmakers were determined by qualitative analysis in the interpretive paradigm. The data indicated some agreement in terms of what the key decision-makers think about the sustainable utilisation of the fisherjes resources. It is almost impossible to have complete agreement, because the decision-makers are from different contextual backgrounds. Those who make the decisions are more concerned about "how to manage" and those who act on the decisions put more emphasis on economic self-interest. Although the interviewees' perceptions of sustainable fisheries was imperfect, there was broad support for its aims and principles. The study also revealed that the achievement of sustainable sea fisheries development in Wamibia will require broader educational and public awareness programmes to enhance participation in decision-making debates. Formal and informal marine environmental education, from the perspective of "Responsible Fishing" has been emphasised.

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Auala, Sisco Lovisa Ndapanda. "Local residents' perceptions of community-based tourism : a survey of key stakeholders at Twyfelfontein Uibasen Conservancy in Namibia." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2122.

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Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality)))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010.
Local communities in Namibia have few options for alternative income apart from selling crafts and livestock farming. The main objective of this study was to create an in-depth understanding of the perceptions of the local community at Twyfelfontein Uibasen Conservancy regarding community based tourism (CBT), and to develop strategies that could be used to influence these perceptions with the main goal of using CBT as a vehicle towards the improvement of local peoples' livelihoods. The study also examined structures and institutions that impact the direction of CBT development at Twyfelfontein Uibasen Conservancy. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed for data gathering. A survey was undertaken by means of 67 structured questionnaires among local community members and key stakeholders, which resulted in a 100% return rate. Five in-depth interviews with stakeholders from government, NGOs, the private sector and financiers were also conducted. The findings reveal that local community measure development in line with socio-economic issues since 39% strongly disagreed that their needs are being met through CBT project implementation. They feel that the infrastructure for tourist is well developed for international standards, whilst conversely, community members live in squatter camps, burn candles and live in squalid conditions. Whilst the Namibian government has recognised tourism as a potential means of poverty alleviation, issues of ownership of cultural heritage resources are still not yet in the hands of locals. The study argues that tourism development has been pursued more for economic purposes than for sustainable tourism development. Whilst the conservancies were set up as a strategy for poverty alleviation, the study concludes that development has not yet filtered down to the needy. Therefore, perceptions among the local community are negative towards CBT as a vehicle for socio-cultural and economic development. This study recommends that in order for CBT development to be meaningful, local participation through ownership, capacity building and control should have precedence over pure economic issues. Currently, the biggest beneficiaries seem to be the private tourism sector and, to some degree, foreign investors. Further research should be conducted to evaluate the impact of community perceptions on the tourist in the long - run, since tourist arrival figures continue to increase at Twyfelfontein.

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Egeröd, Jens, and Emma Nordling. "Strategic Supplier Evaluation - Considering environmental aspects." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logistik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-63197.

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This study aims at presenting a strategic supplier evaluation model that can assist Cederroth in strategic supplier selection and give indications on potential areas for strategic supplier development. The evaluation model aims at assessing supplier performance also with respect to environmental aspects. The final model has been developed through five steps, five models, with starting point in a theoretical review and basic empirical data. Following the model was developed through four iterations of workshops, interviews, weighting and case studies. The final model includes 7 criteria categories and 41 criteria whereas one category including 7 criteria assesses a supplier’s environmental performance.

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Tshikesho, Desiderius Raimund. "A study of perceptions, knowledge and understanding of desertification and its causes among decision makers in northern Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003664.

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This study was aimed at investigating the perceptions, knowledge and understanding of desertification and its causes among decision makers in northern Namibia. The focus of investigation was on desertification and its major causes as identified in the general literature, viz. deforestation, overgrazing and overcultivation. Particular attention was given to the socioeconomic and cultural factors which are behind these perceived 'ecological' causes of desertification. Furthermore, the respondents were also engaged in the generation of solutions to the problem of desertification and its causes. Data collection was based on semi-structured interviews with the regional governors, councillors and chief headmen from the four northern regions. A qualitative approach was adopted for the research and findings are essentially descriptive and qualitative. It is anticipated that the study will make an important contribution to the current debate on desertification in Namibia, specifically with regard to the perceptions, knowledge and understanding of desertification and its causes among the decision makers in northern Namibia.

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Van, Wyk Michelle Olga. "Unexplored avenues of adornment : a study of craft-related uses of the Makalani seed." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2272.

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Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Vegetable ivory is the generic term used when referring to the nut of palm trees. Although their outward appearance varies depending on the variety of the palm, the nuts are all known to be hard, ivory-like in colour and lend themselves to shaping in various forms. The craft-related use of vegetable ivory in Namibia has been limited to carving in the past. The nut, known locally as Makalani seed, is the seed of the Hyphaene Petersiana palm fruit. Vegetable ivory products found globally prove that this non-timber forest product (NTFP) has greater potential than what is currently being explored by Namibian crafters. Similar nuts are found across the globe, including the South American tagua nut. The tagua nut has a pronounced role in the craft-related market place due to its popularity as a sustainable alternative to animal ivory. It has also provided many locals with employment and a stable form of income. Globally, focus has expanded to address the sustainability of the integrity of forest systems, as economic profits to be gained from timber-producing trees, no longer take sole priority. Rural households are making use of NTFPs as a source of income and often use the money generated from trading as a safety net in times of economic challenges. Developing management strategies for addressing global climate change has become an increasingly important issue influencing forest management around the globe. Participatory forest management is one of the strategies developed for addressing issues arising from global climate change. It is aimed at rural development, by involving locals living in the area, in programmes that involve domestication of indigenous fruit trees. By means of participatory action research (PAR) and co-design sessions, the study looked at expanding the scope of manufacturing techniques used when crafting the Makalani seed. The list of sustainable manufacturing practices generated from the data informed the creation of the crafter’s product. Expanding the range of manufacturing practices feeds into the potential the seed has as an income-generating product. These techniques contribute to the body of knowledge of craft in Namibia by addressing the issue of sustainability by exploring the potential of the Makalani nut as a crafting material as well as a medium of teaching various crafting skills. It also engaged the researcher in contributing towards social upliftment, while allowing crafters to engage in experimenting with new sustainable techniques used globally on similar seeds that could benefit their generating of income. By assessing data gathered in the codesign sessions, recommendations were made towards elevating the Makalani seed from its current craft level to that of a well-used NTFP craft material. The nature of participatory action research required analysing gathered data to feed into a solution for solving a local problem. The study is of a qualitative nature, and involved a case-study of one, a local crafter. Participatory action design was the framework for the research, as both researcher and crafter explored how the Makalani nut lends itself to techniques used on the tagua nut. It is through this lens that the study speaks to the practices of respect and responsibility, as well as that of sustainability within the parameters of a Namibian context

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Barrion, Irene M. "Exploring risk factors associated with potential hearing loss in Namibian Class A mines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96821.

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Thesis (MAud)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In developing countries, like Namibia, there is limited data pertaining to the number of individuals with hearing loss and its associated factors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of potential hearing loss in Namibian Class A mines and to describe the extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with hearing loss. A cross-sectional design was utilised and data were collected from 132 respondents (mining employees) from five different Class A mines throughout the country. A questionnaire and a retrospective review of respondents’ medical records were utilised to determine the risk factors. The most recent audiogram found in the respondents’ records was used to determine the presence of potential hearing loss. Three definitions of potential hearing loss were used in this study and included all major frequency hearing loss (AFHL), high frequency hearing loss (HFHL) and low frequency hearing loss (LFHL). Potential hearing loss was identified when the pure tone average (PTA) of 0.5, 1, 2, & 4kHz, 0.5, 1 & 2kHz and 4 & 8kHz respectively was greater than 25dBHL in either one or both ears. Chi-square measurements or, where necessary, Fisher’s exact tests, as well as Odds Ratios were used for the analysis of data. In general a significance level of 5% was applied for all analyses. Results indicated the prevalence of potential hearing loss in Namibian mining employees to be 27% and that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors were associated with hearing loss. The extrinsic factors significantly associated with potential hearing loss were both occupational and medical. The occupational factors found to be significant were the number of years employed in whole life >10 years (p=0.012; OR=3.1, 95% CI=1.3-7.9), the number of years employed in current job > 10 years (p=0.01; OR=3.9, 95% CI1.7-8.8) and the non-availability of formal training in prevention of hearing loss (p=0.022; OR=0.3, 95% CI (0.1-0.9). Diabetes was the sole significant extrinsic medical factor (p=0.035, OR=5, 95% CI 1.1-22.1). The only intrinsic factor which was found to be significantly associated with hearing loss was Age, specifically being older than 40 years (p=0.002; OR=3.5, 95% CI 1.6-7.8) and 50 years (p=0.001, OR=5.5, 95% CI1.9-15.8). A multiple logistic regression model of all significant factors found that only no formal training of prevention of hearing loss was found to be significant in the presence of all other factors (p=0.036, OR=0.036, 95% 0.1-0.92). Findings from this study suggest that multiple factors may be associated with potential hearing loss and not just the exposure to hazardous occupational conditions. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice should, therefore, include thorough investigations into the aetiology of hearing loss. As this study focused on Class A mines, it is recommended that future research be conducted in other mines that are not categorised as Class A mines. Keywords: prevalence, extrinsic factors, intrinsic factors, extrinsic occupational factors, extrinsic social factors, extrinsic medical factors, potential hearing loss, mining industry, Class A mine, Namibia.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In ontwikkelende lande, soos Namibië, is daar beperkte data met betrekking tot die aantal individue met gehoorverlies en sy verwante faktore. Hierdie studie het gepoog om die voorkoms van gehoorverlies in Namibiese Klas A myne te bepaal en die ekstrinsieke en intrinsieke faktore wat verband hou met potensiale gehoorverlies te beskryf. 'n Deursnee-ontwerp is gebruik en data is ingesamel uit 132 respondente (mynbou werknemers), uit vyf verskillende Klas A myne regdeur die land. 'n Vraelys en 'n retrospektiewe oorsig van die respondente se mediese rekords is gebruik om die risiko faktore te bepaal. Die mees onlangse oudiogram wat in die respondente se rekords gevind is, is gebruik om die teenwoordigheid van potensiale gehoorverlies te bepaal. Drie definisies van potensiale gehoorverlies is gebruik in hierdie studie, ingesluit al die groot frekwensie gehoorverliese (AFHL), hoë frekwensie gehoorverlies (HFHL) en 'n lae frekwensie gehoorverlies (LFHL). ‘n Gehoorverlies was teenwoordig wanneer die suiwer toon gemiddelde (PTA van 0.5 , 1 , 2, & 4kHz , 0.5, 1 & 2kHz en 4 & 8kHz onderskeidelik , groter was as 25dBHL in een of albei ore. Chi -square metings of, waar nodig, Fisher se presiese toetse, asook kans verhoudings is gebruik vir die ontleding van data. In die algemeen is 'n beduidendeidsvlak van 5% gebruik en toegepas vir al die ontledings. Resultate het aangedui die voorkoms van gehoorverlies in Namibiese mynbouwerknemers tot 27 % was en dat beide ekstrinsieke en intrinsieke faktore ‘n verband toon met potensiaal gehoorverlies. Die ekstrinsieke faktore wat ‘n beduidende verband getoon het met gehoorverlies was albei beroeps- en mediese faktore. Die beroepsfaktore wat betekenisvol was, was die aantal jare diens in hele lewe > 10 jaar ( p = 0,012 ; OR = 3.1 , 95 % CI = 1.3-7.9) , die aantal jare in huidige pos> 10 jaar diens (p = 0,01 ; OF = 3.9 , 95 % CI1.7-8.8 ) en die onbeskikbaarheid van formele opleiding in die voorkoming van potensiaal gehoorverlies (p = 0,022 ; OF = 0,3 , 95 % CI ( 0,1-0,9 ). Diabetes was die enigste beduidende ekstrinsieke mediese faktor (p = 0,035 , OR = 5 , 95 % CI 1,1-22,1 ). Die enigste intrinsieke faktor watbeduidend was en verband hou met gehoorverlies was ouderdom, spesifiek om ouer as 40 jaar ( p = 0,002 ; OF = 3.5 , 95 % CI 1,6-7,8 ) en 50 jaar ( p = 0.001 , OR = 5.5 , 95 % CI1.9-15.8 ) te wees. 'n Veelvuldige regressie model van alle beduidende faktore het bevind dat slegs geen formele opleiding in die voorkoming van gerhoor verlies beduidende was in die teenwoordigheid van al die ander faktore ( p = 0,036 , OR = 0,036 , 95 % 0,1-0,92 ) . Bevindinge van hierdie studie dui daarop dat verskeie faktore geassosieer kan word met gehoorverlies en nie net die blootstelling aan gevaarlike beroepstoestande nie. Aanbevelings vir toekomstige navorsing en kliniese praktyk moet dus 'n grondige ondersoek na die etiologie van gehoorverlies uitvoer. Aangesien hierdie studie gefokus het op die Klas A- myne , word dit aanbeveel dat toekomstige navorsing gedoen word in ander myne wat nie gekategoriseer is as Klas A myne nie. Sleutelwoorde: Voorkoms, ekstrinsieke faktore, instrinsieke faktore, ekstrinsieke beroepsfaktore, ekstrinsieke sosiale faktore, ekstrinsieke mediese faktore, potensiale gehoorverlies, Klas A myn, Namibië.

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Geises, Merceline Mercia. "How we do it : strategy-as-practice in Old Mutual Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97398.

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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Strategic thinking has evolved and different insights of strategy and the way that strategy works in organisations have developed over time. There is a view that strategy is something organisations posses. The strategy-as-practice approach, however, sees the field of strategy as something people do in organisations. The focus is thus on people, and doers of strategy in organisations, which leads to the question of who strategists are, what their role is in strategy work, and what strategy tools are deployed. The aim of this study was to review the existing body of knowledge in the strategy-as-practice domain and illustrate the findings of previous researchers, by virtue of an empirical study based on a financial services organisation in Namibia. The approach adopted in this research is an activity based view of strategy-as-practice in line with Jarzabkowski (2005) where the main focus is on practitioners, praxis/events and practices/process within the case study organisation. Praxis is defined by Jarzabkowski et al. (2007) with reference to Reckwitz (2002) and Sztompka (1991) as a stream of activity that interconnects the micro actions of individuals or groups with the wider institutions in which those actions are located and to which they contribute. The seven aspects of the biomatrix systems theory by Dostal, Cloete and Jaros (2004) are discussed and strategy-as-practice in the case study organisation is analysed according to the environment, ethos, aims, processes, structure, governance and mei (matter, energy & information). The ten schools of study as defined my Mintzberg, Ahstrand and Lampel (2005) is incorporated in this study in order to assess the presence of these schools of thought in the case study organisation. Evidence of the different forms of strategy as defined by Jarzabkowski (2005), namely procedural, integrative strategy and interactive strategy are also found in the case study organisation. Strategy-as-practice research done in the South African and Namibian context by researchers attached to the University of Stellenbosch is also reviewed in this research paper. SenseMaker™ Explorer software was used where respondents were required to do self-indexing on their narratives about strategy-as-practice in the case study organisation, to further support the findings of the template and thematic analysis. The SenseMaker™ software results gave the researcher more insight into respondents’ views about the implementation of strategy, strategic governance, the ethos of strategy-as-practice in the case study organisation and the strategy goals deployed in Old Mutual Namibia.

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Kafidi, W. "Strategic options for trade unions in the Namibian Police Service." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53600.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Freedom of association is a constitutional fundamental freedom denied the members of the Namibian Police Service. This led to the researcher to conduct a study on current labour practices in the said organisation. The aim thereof was to establish whether the inexistence of unions has a detrimental effect on labour relations, and also to explore possibilities of introducing trade unions in the Police Service. A study was conducted within a qualitative approach with the data obtained from existing literature as well as through interviewing police officers and other public office bearers. It was ultimately found that the entire organisation is fraught with labour related problems, which would have been handled differently within unionism. The study therefore recommends that a union be formed for the Namibian Police members.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vryheid van assosiasie is 'n konsitusionele fundamentele vryheid wat die lede van die Namibiese Polisiediens ontsê is. Dit was aanleidend tot die navorser se ondersoek van bestaande werkspraktyke in die gemelde organisasie. Die studie is daarop gerig om vas te stel of die bestaan van unies nadelig inwerk op werksverhoudings asook om die moontlikheid van die instelling van vakunies in die polisiediens te ondersoek. Die studie is met 'n kwalitatiewe benadering onderneem en data is bekom uit bestaande literatuur asook onderhoudsvoering met polisiebeamptes en ander openbare ampsdraers. Daar is uiteindelik bevind dat die hele organisasie gebuk gaan ander werksverwante probleme wat binne vakunie-verband anders hanteer sou word. Die studie beveel dan ook aan dat 'n unie vir die lede van die Namibiese Polisie ingestel moet word.

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Hunt, Richard Peter Lewis. "The environmental impacts of upgrading the Olushandja Dam, northern Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14714.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The purpose of this dissertation is to assess and evaluate various water level management options for the upgrading of Olushandja Dam in northern Namibia within the framework of the environmental impact assessment carried out for the project. This will enable the Namibian Department of Water Affairs (DWA) to improve their management of the dam for the benefit of the local communities and consumers in the Oshana Water Region (Figure 5 . 1). The dam has been in existence since 1975 and is part of the Calueque-Olushandja inter-basin water transfer scheme. A pipeline and a series of canals links Calueque Dam , on the Cunene River in Angola , with Olushandja Dam in Namibia and the urban areas to the east and south. In order to provide for the expected increase in water requirements from agricultural and rural development the scheme is presently being upgraded. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) was initiated in 1994 by the DWA as a requirement of the Dutch Government who are funding the project. Biophysical studies were undertaken by staff from the DWA and private consultants from Windhoek. The socio-economic study was carried out by a study team from the Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, in association with a consultant from the University's Environmental Evaluation Unit (EEU). The EEU was appointed to compile a full EIA based on the findings of the specialist reports. This report is expected to be completed by October 1995.

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Amuenje, Florentia. "The alignment of strategic planning and budgeting and the impact on shareholder value : the experience of FNB Namibia Holdings Limited." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6403.

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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the early 1990’s shortly after Namibia gained independence, the Namibian financial industry has gone through substantial changes. New bank legislation and regulatory requirements were introduced and the market broadened to include blacks who were excluded from the formal banking services. Customers gained more bargaining power, competition intensified, international scrutiny intensified and customers now demand more sophisticated products and quality service. The Namibian banking and financial industry is relatively well developed in terms of service institutions and instruments. Like most developing countries, the financial and banking industry is made up of formal and informal sectors. The formal sector consists of the central bank, commercial banks, development financial institutions (Development Bank of Namibia), insurance companies and the stock exchange, while the informal sector comprises mainly of micro lenders. The Namibian banking industry comprises of four commercial banking groups of which FNB Namibia is the market leader, as can be seen in this paper. The BEE (Black Economic Empowerment) partnership has also enabled FNB to venture into areas that were previously unbanked or under banked. The focus has shifted from urban centres to rural areas. The financial services industry has prospects to grow given the economic, political and environmental stability in Namibia. However, the Namibian economy is not immune to the external forces responsible for the global economic slowdown. This economic slowdown affects food, oil and energy prices, which in turn affect the performance and profitability of FNB Namibia. In addition to this, an entry of two commercial banks (ABSA and PHB Bank) is underway, which will erode FNB’s profits and reduce market share. The purpose of this research was to analyse and assess the alignment of the strategic planning and budgeting process within FNB Namibia. It further intends to establish how best this management model is able to cope with the fast changing environmental and business landscape. The research also explores an alternative strategic planning and budgeting approach that will promise to create and improve shareholder value. The research focuses on the experience of FNB Namibia Holdings Limited, which operates in the banking and financial industry. The FNB Group was traditionally a banking institution with its primary focus on retail banking and asset financing in the higher end of the market. The strategic goals of the Group are based on three pillars, i.e. People, Customer and Efficiencies. The Group seeks to achieve its mandate based on these pillars and through innovation and value adding partnerships. An overview of the banking industry as well as the governing structures of FNB and the entire banking industry is provided. The external and internal business environment has an impact on the operations of FNB, both negative and positive. Therefore an environmental analysis on the basis of the political, economic, social, technological and environmental aspects was done. A detailed historical perspective was provided, which also provided the context of the transformation that took place in the discipline of strategic planning and budgeting. The Beyond Budgeting management model that is based on devolved leadership was explored and recommended as an alternative to the traditional command and control model. The devolved leadership principles empower the frontline managers and allow decision making to be made at customer contact. The move from the traditional strategic planning and budgeting model to Beyond Budgeting will require a systems transformation and not only a change in some part. To understand FNB’s management model, the Biomatrix systems thinking approach is recommended to analyse the underlying processes in accordance with the seven perspectives of organisation, i.e. ethos, environment, aims, structure, process, resources and governance. The analysis of FNB along these seven perspectives will ensure that strengths and weaknesses are identified in the whole system (company) and that the people in the company are well prepared for change. The Balanced Scorecard was also explored and recommended as a tool to improve strategy implementation and a tool to communicate the strategy to the rest of the company. Conclusions were drawn from the research and some recommendations were made for the transformation of the FNB management model and the implementation thereof.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die vroeë 1990’s en kort nadat Namibië onafhanklikheid verkry het, het die Namibiese finansiële bedryf aansienlike veranderinge beleef. Nuwe bankwetgewing en reguleringsvereistes is ingestel en die mark het breër geword om swart mense in te sluit, nadat hulle voorheen van die formele bankdienste uitgesluit was. Kliënte het groter onderhandelingsmag verkry, mededinging het intensiewer geword, die internasionale soeklig het feller geword en kliënte vereis nou meer gesofistikeerde produkte en gehaltediens. Die Namibiese bank- en finansiële bedryf is relatief goed ontwikkel ten opsigte van diensinstellings en –instrumente. Soos in die meeste ontwikkelende lande bestaan die finansiële en bankindustrie uit formele en informele sektore. Die formele sektor bevat die sentrale bank, handelsbanke, ontwikkelings-finansiële instellings (Ontwikkelingsbank van Namibië), versekeringsmaatskappye en die aandelebeurs, terwyl die informele sektor hoofsaaklik uit mikroleners bestaan. Die Namibiese bankwese omvat vier handelsbankgroepe waarvan FNB Namibia die markleier is, soos uit hierdie navorsing afgelei kan word. Die SEB-vennootskap (Swart Ekonomiese Bemagtiging) het FNB ook in staat gestel om toegang te verkry tot areas waar daar voorheen geen of te min bankbedrywighede was. Die fokus het van stedelike na landelike gebiede verskuif. Die finansiëledienstebedryf het groeivooruitsigte gegewe die ekonomiese, politieke en omgewingstabiliteit in Namibië. Die Namibiese ekonomie is egter nie immuun teen die eksterne magte wat verantwoordelik is vir die wêreldwye ekonomiese verlangsaming nie. Hierdie ekonomiese verlangsaming het ‘n uitwerking op die prys van voedsel, olie en energie, wat op hulle beurt die prestasie en winsgewendheid van FNB Namibia beïnvloed. Daarbenewens word die toetrede van twee ander handelsbanke (ABSA en PHB Bank) verwag, wat FNB se wins verder sal inkort en sy markaandeel sal verminder. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om te ontleed en te beoordeel of die strategiese beplannings- en die begrotingsproses binne FNB Namibia met mekaar belyn is. Dit het verder ten doel om te bepaal hoe hierdie bestuursmodel die vinnig veranderende omgewings- en sakelandskap ten beste kan hanteer. Die navorsing ondersoek ook ‘n alternatiewe benadering tot strategiese beplanning en begroting met die oog op die skepping en verbetering van aandeelhouerswaarde. Die navorsing fokus op die ondervinding van FNB Namibia Holdings Ltd, wat in die bank- en finansiële nywerheid bedryf word. Die FNB Groep was tradisioneel ‘n bankinstelling met sy primêre fokus op kleinhandelbankwese en batefinansiering in die hoër gedeelte van die mark. Die strategiese doelwitte van die Groep is gebaseer op drie pilare, nl. Mense, Kliënt en Vaardighede. Die Groep wil sy mandaat bereik gebaseer op hierdie pilare en deur innovering en waardetoevoegende vennootskappe. ‘n Oorsig van die bankwese asook die bestuurstrukture van FNB en die totale bankindustrie word voorsien. Die eksterne en interne sakeomgewing het ‘n impak op die bedryf van FNB, beide negatief en positief. Daar is dus ‘n omgewingsontleding op die basis van die politieke, ekonomiese, sosiale, tegnologiese en omgewingsaspekte uitgevoer. ‘n Gedetailleerde historiese perspektief word gegee, wat ook die konteks voorsien vir die transformasie wat plaasgevind het in die dissiplines van strategiese beplanning en begroting. Die Beyond Budgeting-bestuursmodel, gebaseer op die afgewentelde leierskap is ondersoek en word aanbeveel as ‘n alternatief tot die tradisionele bevels- en beheermodel. Die beginsels van afgewentelde leierskap bemagtig die bestuurders in die kantore waar kliënteskakeling plaasvind, om besluite te neem. Die verskuiwing van die tradisionele model van strategiese beplanning en begroting na Beyond Budgeting, vereis ‘n stelseltransformasie en nie net ‘n gedeeltelike verandering nie. Ten einde die FNB se bestuursmodel te begryp, word die Biomatrix-benadering van stelseldenke aanbeveel om die onderliggende prosesse te ontleed ooreenkomstig die sewe perspektiewe van organisasie, naamlik etos, omgewing, doelwitte, strukture, proses, hulpbronne en bestuur. Die ontleding van FNB op grond van hierdie sewe perspektiewe verseker dat die sterk en swak punte in die hele stelsel (maatskappy) geïdentifiseer word en dat die mense in die maatskappy goed voorberei word op verandering. Die Balanced Scorecard is ook ondersoek en word aanbeveel as ‘n instrument om die implementering van strategie te verbeter en die strategie aan die res van die maatskappy te kommunikeer. Gevolgtrekkings is uit die navorsing gemaak en ‘n paar aanbevelings word gedoen vir die transformasie van die FNB-bestuursmodel en die implementering daarvan.

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Tjiveze, Wakaa. "An investigation of socio-ecological issues and risks and capabilities in the 'my future is my choice' HIV and AIDS programme : a case in northern Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017769.

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The HIV and AIDS crisis can be presented as a socio-ecological issue, with an ever-increasing impact on both human beings and the environment. Teaching about socio-ecological issues and the consideration of individual capabilities has become crucial within HIV and AIDS education programmes. Issues of deforestation, land degradation and other environmental problems have worsened since the advent of HIV and AIDS, especially in developing countries. The My Future is My Choice (MFMC) programme has been identified as an important HIV and AIDS education initiative that caters for young people in Namibian secondary schools (Grades 8-12). One of the themes within the programme (Facing HIV and AIDS) is highlighted in this study. This study was constituted as a case study of one school in rural Omuthiya, in the Oshikoto region. The study investigated the opportunities for the integration of a focus on socio-ecological issues and risks, within the MFMC education programme. The study also investigated the way in which the program develops learners‟ capabilities to respond to HIV and AIDS related socio-ecological issues and risks/vulnerabilities. The study also presents the constraints and enabling factors influencing the implementation of the programme. This study used a qualitative, interpretive case study methodology. The research methods included the analysis of eight documents and nineteen semi-structured interviews, with the Programme Coordinator, the Programme Facilitator, the School Principal and with the programme participants. The analysis also included two focus group discussions with a group of learners; and two classroom observations; and the learners' submissions (reflection sheets). Convenience sampling was used, and ethical issues were taken into consideration throughout the study. The study revealed the following as key findings:  The aims and objectives of the HIV and AIDS education programme can enhance and constrain the development of capabilities, as well as opportunities and challenges for the integration of a focus on socio-environmental issues and risks as additional learning content.  Teaching and learning methods that are participatory and rooted within the learner centered approach can make the integration of HIV and AIDS inherent socio-environmental issues and risks into the MFMC education programme possible.  The values and beliefs inherent within the MFMC education programme stand as opportunities for the successful development of capabilities in the education programme. The study concluded by recommending that capabilities within the MFMC programme be developed through teaching learners about their rights, respect for human dignity, and the right to health and to living the life free from discriminatory practices, as a moral entitlement of each and every individual. While teaching learners about their right to health and the importance of healthy diets, this study found that the programme could include learning about food production and handling practices for the benefit of those living with HIV and AIDS, while caring for the environment. Another recommendation was that future research should consider actively involving young people in decision-making with regard to the programme, as this will allow them to choose and decide on what knowledge and skills they need and want to acquire. The study further explained that this will promote the programme participants‟ sense of agency, and their freedom to choose what they value being and doing as an important element in enhancing learner capabilities. Ultimately, this will also enable the learners to acquire the necessary skills and knowledge they need in order to respond to the socio-ecological problems they face in their communities.

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15

Siegfried, P. R. "Aspects of the geology of the mountain ore body, Rosh Pinah mine, Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8370.

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Includes bibliography.
Directly underlying the ore bodies are zones of stockwork alteration as well as extensive brecciation. The aim of this thesis is to determine the cause of brecciation and its relationship to the ore body and mineralization. Methods of identification include field observations, transmitted and reflected light microscopy, staining and quantitative electron-microprobe analyses, carbonate isotope determination and an extensive literature survey.

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Feldmann, Silke A. "Micro strategy and strategising in the financial services industry in Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4390.

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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Aangesien dit in praktyk erken word dat strategie ‘n natuurlike komplekse saak is, is die relevante strategiese prosesse en aktiwiteite binne organisasies ondersoek, met die doel van die studie om dieper begrip te verkry van die strategiese rolle wat lei tot die formulering en uitvoering van die strategie. Daar word bevind dat mededingende voordele gevind word uit unieke strategiese prosesse binne die organisasie, wat weer afhanklik is van spesifieke faktore, gedrag, redevoering en kommunikasie, asook op die vlak van verdeelde strategiese verstandhouding binne die organisasie. Die finansiële dienste industrie in Namibië vorm die fokus van hierdie studie. Finansiële dienste maatskappye word geag as gewaagde, hoogs komplekse instansies, as gevolg van die verskeidenheid ontasbare produkte en dienste wat hulle aanbied. Die besigheidsmodelle wat aangewend word, het ontwikkel in hoogs gesofistikeerde prosesstelle wat gewigtige beleggings in tegnologie en besigheidssisteme vereis. Capricorn Investment Holdings (CIH) is as praktyk studie gebruik om ondersoek in te stel na die mikro-strategie en leiding binne die finansiële dienste industrie in Namibië. Vir die rede is die fokus op die bankwese (Bank Windhoek) en versekerings maatskappye (Welwitschia Nammic Versekerings Makelaars en Santam Namibië). Bank Windhoek, Welwitschia Nammic Versekerings Makelaars en Santam Namibië is dogtersmaatskappye van CIH. Daar is baie voordele verbonde aan die ondersoek van die beplanning van die mikro-strategiese perspektief, soos deur beide die dinamiese en die nagevolge van die strategie aksie te beklemtoon, terwyl daar vergunning gemaak word vir ‘n baie beter begrip van die veelvoudige faktore wat die strategiese prosesses beinvloed. Hierdie sluit in sosiale, politieke en ekonomiese samehang waarin strategiese aksie plaasgevind het. Die hoofbevindings van hierdie studie is dat strategiese prosesse minder gestruktureerd is by groepsvlak, as in die dogtersmaatskappye. Die kultuur van die organisie, insluitende die gedrag en optrede van die leiers, bepaal die strategiese dink vermoeë van die werknemers. Verder bewys die bevindings dat strategiese bekwaamheid sterker is by die leierskap vlak en dat bekwame maatskappye waarskynlik meer belanghebbendes sal insluit in die formulering van hul strategie. Die bevindings stel ook voor dat daar ‘n behoefte is om instinktiewe benaderings-praktyke tot die strategie ontwikkeling in te sluit. Ten laaste, formele beplannings prosesse oortref die interaksies waar strategie ontwikkel is, deur informele gesprekke en besprekings.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since it is recognised that strategy-as-a-practice is an inherently complex affair, the relevant strategic processes and activities within organisations were explored, with the purpose of the study being to gain a deeper understanding of the strategising roles that lead to the formulation and implementation of strategy. It was found that competitive advantage comes from unique strategic processes within the organisation, which, in turn, depend on specific actors, behaviours, discourse and communication, as well as on the level of shared strategic understanding within the organisation. The financial services industry in Namibia formed the focus of the study. Financial services companies are regarded as risky, highly complex institutions, because of the mostly intangible products and services they offer. The business models they employ have evolved into highly sophisticated sets of processes that require heavy investments in technology and business systems. Capricorn Investment Holdings (CIH) was used as a case study to examine micro strategy and strategising within the financial services industry in Namibia. Focus was therefore placed on banking (Bank Windhoek) and insurance companies (Welwitschia Nammic Insurance Brokers and Santam Namibia). Bank Windhoek, Welwitschia Nammic Insurance Brokers and Santam Namibia are subsidiary companies of CIH. Examining strategising from the micro strategic perspective has many advantages, such as highlighting both the dynamics and the consequences of strategic action, while allowing for a much richer understanding of the multiple factors that influence strategic processes. These include the social, political and economic contexts within which strategic action has occurred. The main findings of this study are that strategising processes are less structured at group level than within the subsidiary companies. The culture of the organisation, including the behaviours of leaders, determines the strategic thinking capabilities of staff. Moreover, the findings show that strategising capabilities are stronger at leadership level and that mature companies are likely to involve more stakeholders in the formulation of their strategy. The findings also suggest that there is a need to include intuitive approaches in strategy development. Lastly, within CIH formal strategising processes outweigh those interactions where strategy is developed through informal talks and discussions.

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Kwok, Ki-wa Joyce, and 郭其華. "Hong Kong international telecommunications: strategic issues." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126802X.

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18

Boois, Yvonne. "Research portfolio." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006152.

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19

Shikukutu, Faustinus. "Social and cultural discourses that shape male youths' masculinity and conceptions of risk and vulnerability to HIV and AIDS in Rundu Urban Constituency, Kavango region, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001672.

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HIV and AIDS still challenges the best efforts of public health and medical establishments and continues to ravage communities around the world. While measures have been put in place to preclude it from further spread, recent studies in the field of HIV and AIDS prevention intimate that for more efficacious intervention to be realized, it is critical to understand and address the social and cultural practices which influence sexual behavior, particularly understanding how issues of masculinity plays a role in the perpetuation of these behavior. Relying on Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, this study explores the inherent enduring nature of habitus and its role in the production and maintenance of masculine and sexual identities that predispose young men to HIV and AIDS. The study was conducted in Rundu Urban Constituency in Kavango Region of Namibia to gain insight into male youth’s masculinity and conceptions of risk and vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. The study design was qualitative and interpretive in nature. Data collection strategies included focus group discussions and individual interviews. Twelve male youth aged 17-20 years in two secondary schools (six in each) were selected to participate in the study. Four focus group discussions and fourteen individual interviews were conducted. Institutional ethical clearance from both regional education office and the schools were obtained before undertaking the study. Participants also signed written consent forms before interviews started. The findings of this study revealed that young men from this community were under constant pressure to conform to dominant masculine norms and values. Key in the case of youth in the study was the need to procreate as a dominant marker of one’s masculine and sexual identity because it represented a primary source of a ‘real’ man’s social identity in this community. This masculine and sexual identity seemed in itself to be constructed along paternal lines and cultural beliefs, which youth preserved by not only complying, but also reproducing. The sexual activities they reported that would secure their position as `real` men were often those that put them at risk and made them vulnerable to the epidemic.

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LeBeau, Debie. "Seeking health: the hierarchy of resort in utilisation patterns of traditional and western medicine in multi-cultural Katutura, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002666.

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This thesis examines health care choices patients make when illness and misfortune occur. Research on health seeking behaviour was conducted in Katutura (the African township outside of Windhoek in Namibia) during 1996 and 1997. Due to the availability of a wide range of health care options from both the western and the traditional medical systems, utilisation of traditional medicine represents a conscious choice by patients and is not due to a lack of other alternatives. The use of traditional medicine can therefore be attributed to social, cultural, and personal factors rather than access, cost, and distance to modern health care facilities. A set of theoretical postulates is constructed to explain health seeking behaviour, including western and African concepts of ill health, which integrates both macro and micro-level analysis. Through macro-level analysis, this model postulates that western and traditional medical systems are able to exist within a single society due to the presence of co-existing ideologies (Medical Systems Theory). This model further postulates that social change is a significant attribute of post-colonial Namibian society (Post-colonial Theory). Rapid social change causes social disequilibrium leading to insecurities within the population which increase traditional health care utilisation, especially due to witchcraft accusation. Thus, macro-level theories are used to explain the existence and form of health care alternatives in Katutura; while micro-level analysis is used to examine how people make rational health care choices based on individualised variables within the enabling and constraining umbrella of Namibia's social structure. These variables include the individual's means, goals, desires, and environment of physical and social objects. Health seeking behaviour is influenced by the individual's previous experiences (history), personal constraints, and access to information. Based on data from the 1996 Tradition and Health Survey administered as part of the research for this dissertation, a model for health seeking behaviour is developed to guide the analysis of qualitative data. This model postulates that different patterns of utilisation depend on perceived causes, reasons and origins (aetiology) as well as manifestations of illness. Some illnesses are perceived of as clearly African and some are seen to be clearly western (both of these perceptions result in a single utilisation pattern). Some illnesses have a social/spiritual aetiology but universally recognised manifestations (resulting in a simultaneous utilisation pattern), and some illnesses are of indeterminate aetiology until treatment begins (resulting in a multi-faceted utilisation pattern). In addition to a utilisation pattern based on the aetiology and manifestation of illness, previous health seeking experiences influence, to a certain extent, subsequent health care choices; whereby the failure of one medical system to produce satisfactory results can cause health seekers to shift to another treatment regimen. In Katutura choices patients make are also influenced, to a certain extent, by the urban nature of the health seeking environment. Urban patients seek traditional medicine for a range of social/spiritual aetiologies, due to rapid social change and the experience of new and threatening situations. Urban patients also have more knowledge and experience with the western concept of contagious transmission as opposed to the traditional concept of social/spiritual contamination. In addition, health seeking patterns vary slightly between the different ethnic groups in Katutura. Traditional aetiological beliefs of the different ethnic groups in Katutura are reflected in current cultural beliefs about the cause of illness.

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Ellis, Hugh. "Conceptualisations of 'the community' and 'community knowledge' among community radio volunteers in Katutura, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002882.

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Community radio typically relies on volunteers to produce and present stations’ programming. Volunteers are generally drawn from stations’ target communities and are seen as “representatives” of those communities. It is with such volunteers and their role as representatives of stations’ target communities that this study is concerned. It poses the question: “what are the central concepts that typically inform volunteers’ knowledge of their target community, and how do these concepts impact on their perception of how they have gained this knowledge, and how they justify their role as representatives of this community?” The dissertation teases out the implications of these conceptualisations for a volunteer team’s ability to contribute to the establishment of a media environment that operates as a Habermasian ‘critical public sphere’. It argues that this can only be achieved if volunteers have detailed and in-depth knowledge of their target community. In order to acquire this knowledge, volunteers should make use of systematic ways of learning about the community, rather than relying solely on knowledge obtained by living there. In a case study of Katutura Community Radio (KCR), one of the bestknown community radio stations in Namibia, the study identifies key differences in the way in which different groups of volunteers conceptualise “the community”. The study focuses, in particular, on such difference as it applies to those who are volunteers in their personal capacity and those who represent non-governmental and community-based organisations at the station. It is argued that two strategies would lead to significant improvement in such a station’s ability to serve as a public sphere. Firstly, the station would benefit from an approach in which different sections of the volunteer team share knowledge of the target community with each other. Secondly, volunteers should undertake further systematic research into their target community. It is also argued that in order to facilitate such processes, radio stations such as KCR should recognise the inevitability of differences between different versions of “community knowledge”.

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Visagie, Raymond Collen. "Enhancing Namibian ports competitive position through port reform." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96514.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
Namibian ports are state-owned and have fallen behind in terms of port reform The ports are increasingly pressurised by port users and even more so by shipping lines for infrastructure investment and technological advancement without any guarantee of return on investments. Increased competition amongst ports as well as a shift in the balance of power to port users, demands of Namibia to review its port governance and ownership structure to ensure that the country remains responsive to the changing global marketplace contribute to these pressures. This study deals with the complexities associated with port reform and port competition. The paper presents a synthesis of literature on port governance models and port reform. In addition, this paper also presents an analysis of the port choice decisions made by port users and reviewed port reform case studies of two African ports. Drawing from the lessons in case studies, it is clear that various options of port reform have emerged over the years, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The study further shows similarities in the objectives of port users when choosing a port but applying different strategies to achieve their objectives.

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Missfeldt, Fanny. "Strategic aspects of nuclear safety in Eastern and Western Europe." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297778.

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Bradford, Jeffrey Peter. "Political aspects of strategic decision making in British defence policy." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768495.

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Ikkatai, Koji. "Balancing financial and strategic aspects of real property portfolio management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45697.

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Amutenya, Kaarina Nduuvunawa. "An analysis of the development of the 2010-2016 Namibia Malaria Strategic Plan and its relation to health promotion." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4606.

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Master of Public Health - MPH
Background: Malaria was a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Namibia from 1999 to 2001. Malaria epidemics were recorded in 1990, 1996, 2000 and in 2001. In 2001 alone 733, 509 malaria morbidity cases and 1,728 mortality cases were documented. In recent years, however, malaria morbidity and mortality in the country have drastically declined by over 90%. This has influenced the Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS) in Namibia to adopt a malaria elimination approach as opposed to the malaria case management approach. A malaria programme, known as the National Vector Disease Control Program (NVDCP) was instituted and mandated to coordinate malaria case management (diagnosis and treatment) as well as the current malaria elimination focus (elimination of transmission foci). This is all aimed at effectively addressing the current malaria epidemiology and sustain the decline observed over the last decade. Aim and Methodology: The study’s purpose was to analyse how the Namibia Malaria Strategic Plan (MSP) for 2010-2016 was developed and its relationship to health promotion. It employed an exploratory design which included stakeholders involved in malaria programmes and activities in the country. Data collection methods were of a qualitative nature through in-depth interviews and documentary review. Seven people were interviewed representing stakeholders from the public and private sectors. Those interviewed from the public sector were the Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET), MoHSS’s division for Malaria, Policy Planning and Information Education and Communication (IEC). Others interviewed included national and international non-governmental organizations’ representatives from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Society for Family Health (SFH). Documents reviewed include MSP 2010-2016, MSP 2003-2007, Malaria Policy of 2005, National Health Promotion policy 2012 and the Namibian Constitution. Data was analysed using content and thematic processes. Respondents were assured of confidentiality and anonymity. Key findings: The study found that information with regard to the formulation process of the MSP 2010-2016 was limited to a few superficially described events. These events involved, amongst others, a review of the previous (2003-2007) MSP, a pre-assessment questionnaire and two to three workshops. The events were not explicitly described or documented. The researcher concluded that the evidence to better understand the development processes of the MSP 2010-2016 was deficient. Consequently, the study concluded that the policy formulation aspects of the MSP were inadequate. The literature indicates that policy formulation and analysis is a complex undertaking and the MSP process did not meet these criteria. Amongst the limitations were limited stakeholder engagement and incomplete descriptions of the processes undertaken. In relation to the MSP’s focus on health promotion, the study found varied understanding of health promotion among the stakeholders. Some respondents were not aware of their organisation’s health promotion interventions while others believed that health promotion was limited to the health sector only. However, while national documents, such as the Namibian Constitution, advocate for ‘health investment as a just cause’ the MSPs limited inclusion of relevant stakeholders, such as the Ministry of Environment (MET) and the Information, Education and Communication (IEC) unit, restricted the ability of the MSP to offer malaria expansive programmes – that is, those beyond the health realm. Moreover, the implementation of malaria activities through the involvement of a limited range of actors in the malaria programmes will continue to perpetuate the existing narrow focus of health promotion by these stakeholders, as opposed to a more broad-base understanding. As a result malaria prevention will continue to be delivered as silo events or programmes. This poses serious implications in working towards the MSP goal of malaria elimination. Recommendations: The Ottawa Charter advocates for ‘Building healthy public policies’. This specifically refers to multi-disciplinary programmes. This study therefore recommends that the NVDCP follow existing international and national guidelines which systematically guide the development of MSPs and official health documents. Doing so would enable a more streamlined policy development process which would describe and contextualize the dimension of policy formulation, namely context, content, process and actors. It also recommends that the MSP is developed through a broad-based collaborative stakeholder engagement process which would facilitate an appropriately integrated inter-sectoral approach to malaria in the country.

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Hamukwaya, Panduleni Ndiba. "Environmental criteria analysis can contribute to sustainable local level land use planning: Linyanti/Katima Mulilo Rural/Kabbe constituencies, Caprivi Region, Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7185_1256048243.

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The contribution of local knowledge to land use planning and sustainable utilization of natural resources is enormous, yet often overlooked by conventional top-down approaches of regional integrated land use plans. The rich knowledge of local land users contribution to implementation of top-down plans is very important. This study investigated the importance of environmental criteria analysis in sustainable land management through engaging the community at local level, using Salambala Conservancy in Katima Mulilo Rural, Lusese Village in Kabbe and Mayuni Conservancy in Linyanti constituencies, Caprivi region, North East Namibia as case studies.

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Nordell, Emelie. "Strategic Planning in Japanese Companies : A qualitative study on strategic planning with a focus on cultural aspects." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60442.

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Japanese companies have been said to rarely have strategies that resemble the ones that can be seen in literature from the Western world. However, even though Japanese companies do not show the same kind of strategy as can be found in the west, it does not necessarily mean they have no strategy at all. Recent studies have shown that Japanese companies do show clarity in their approach to strategy. Still, not much research can be found on this subject. When the world is becoming more globalized and multinational, it is of interest for both the companies’ stakeholders and shareholders to know how they operate, and their strategic planning process is one part of this. The research question therefore becomes: How does the process of strategic planning in Japanese companies work and in what way is the Japanese culture an influence? The main purpose of this master thesis is to provide a deeper understanding concerning the concept of strategic planning in Japanese companies. It also has two sub purposes. Firstly, this research aims towards understanding the current strategic planning process, in what way it is used in Japanese companies. Secondly, it will try to understand if the Japanese culture influences the strategic planning process and if so, in what way.The thesis is based on a qualitative study with semi structured interviews where five respondents were divided into two categories (based in the respondents’ background), two respondents with a Japanese view and three with an international view. A constructionist ontological position, interpretivism epistemological position and an inductive scientific approach have been adopted.The theoretical framework is divided into two parts; the first concerns the strategic planning process and the second Japanese business culture.Analysis was done across the two different categories of respondents’ and from my research I have found that the strategic planning process in Japan is different from company to company but that they all tend to share one important step, consensus. I have also found that Japanese culture has had a great impact on the strategic planning process although there seem to be a shift towards becoming more streamlined and more international to be able to compete on the global market.The practical implications of my findings are that since Japanese companies seem to incorporate their culture into their strategic planning, it is important that the field of strategic planning research take into consideration the culture and its effect on the strategic planning process. Japanese companies also need to assess if strategic planning should be used as a way towards becoming more globalized, and if so, in what way.

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Ramothibe, J. C. (Joseph Colin). "The demographic and socio-economic impact of HIV/Aids on the Khomas region and the implications for the Windhoek local authority." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50131.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is one of the biggest challenges faced by many countries in this century. The rate of infection is rapidly increasing and more and more people are getting ill and dying from AIDS. Of all the people living with AIDS in the world, seven out of ten live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Namibia is one of the top five most HIV/AIDS affected countries in the world. There is therefore no question about the urgent need to accelerate actions to reduce prevalence, expand care and support and extend access to treatment. AIDS is eroding decades of progress made in extending life expectancy; thus hundreds of adults are dying young or in early middle age. The national strategic plan (2004) on HIV/AIDS indicated that the average life expectancy in Namibia is now 42 years, when it could have been 60 without AIDS. A 2003 study on the impact of HIV/AIDS on Windhoek indicated that the antenatal HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in Windhoek for 2002 was 27%, while the national prevalence rate was estimated at 22.3%. The prevalence rate for Windhoek is expected to reach its peak at 38% during 2005. Even though HIV/AIDS will have a diminishing effect on population growth, Windhoek's population is expected to continue growing, particular as a result of inward migration, but at a slower pace. Similarly, HIV/AIDS will have an abating effect on GDP growth as the virus will mainly affect the economic active and available labour force of the population and result in increased labour costs and skilled labour shortages. The impact on the informal sector is potentially more damaging than on the formal economic sector, as the majority of micro- enterprises and informal businesses are build around one individual. As the breadwinner dies, household income and expenditures levels deteriorate and increase poverty levels, because households within the city are very dependent on family structures to support their income levels. Informal settlements are also more volatile to HIV transmission and the majority of HIV infected individuals are likely to be found within these areas as the populations is poorer, crowded, has fewer social services facilities and is more likely migratory compared to those in affluent formal settlements. Considering that the incubation period of HIV/AIDS from infection to death takes about ten years, the real impact of current HIV infections in Windhoek will only be experienced during 2010. Health services will have to attend to a greater demand for curative services as well as to social care and support programs. Social welfare programmes will need to find ways of caring for a large population of HIV/AIDS orphans. Municipalities can playa critically important role in addressing HIV/AIDS at a local level as they are at the interface of community and government. They are ideally placed to playa coordinating and facilitating role that is needed to make sure that partnerships are built to bring prevention and care programmes to every community affected by AIDS. Therefore, in order to succeed in confronting HIV/AIDS, it is important to work closely with all levels of government as well as working with local partners in civil society that are fighting HIV/AIDS at the community level. By taking action against HIV/AIDS, municipalities are securing the future of their towns and communities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/VIGS is een van die grootste uitdagings wat baie lande hierdie eeu in die gesig staar. Die koers van infeksie is vinnig aan die toeneem en al hoe meer mense word siek en sterf as gevolg van VIGS. Van al die mense wat met VIGS lewe in die wêreld, bly sewe uit tien in sub-Sahara Afrika. Namibië is een van die vyf mees MIV/VIGS geaffekteerde lande in die wêreld. Derhalwe is daar geen twyfel rakende die noodsaaklikheid om daadwerklike aksies te bewerkstellig om die voorkoms te verminder, sorg en ondersteuning te verhoog en toegang na behandeling uit te brei. VIGS vernietig dekades van groei behaal in die verlenging van lewensverwagting; dus sterf honderde volwassenes vroeg of gedurende hul middeljare. Die nasionale strategiese plan (2004) rakende MIV/VIGS toon dat die gemiddelde lewensverwagting in Namibië huidiglik 42 jaar is instede van 60 sonder VIGS. 'n Studie onderneem gedurende 2003, rakende die effek van MIV/VIGS in Windhoek, dui aan dat die voorgeboorte MIV/VIGS voorkoms koers 27% vir 2002 was, terwyl die nasionale voorkoms koers slegs 22.3% was. Daar word verwag dat die voorkoms koers vir Windhoek sy maksimum van 38% sal bereik gedurende 2005. Alhoewel MIV/VIGS 'n negatiewe effek op bevolkingsgroei groei gaan het, sal Windhoek se inwoners getalle steeds groei, alhoewel teen 'n stadiger koers, as gevolg van inwaartse migrasie. Terselfdertyd, gaan MIV/VIGS 'n verminderde effek het op die groei van die Bruto Binnelandse Produk (BBP), omdat die virus hoofsaaklik die ekonomiese aktiewe en beskikbare arbeidsmag van die bevolking affekteer wat as gevolg hiervan 'n verhoging in arbeidskoste en tekort aan geskoolde arbeid het. Die effek op die informele sektore is potensieel meer skadelik as op die formele ekonomiese faktore, aangesien die meeste klein en informele besighede rondom een persoon gebou is. lndien die broodwinner sterf, versleg die vlakke van huishoudelike inkomste en uitgawes wat lei tot verhoogde armoede, omdat huishoudings in die stad baie afhanklik is op familie strukture om hulle inkomste te ondersteun. Informele vestigings is meer kwesbaar in die oordrag van MIV en die meerderheid van die MIV geïnfekteerde individue word gewoonlik in hierdie areas aangetref omdat die bevolking armer is, meer persone huisves, minder welsyn dienste fasiliteite het en meer swerwend is in vergelyking met die meer welgestelde formele vestigings. As in ag geneem word dat die ontkiemings periode van MIV/VIGS vanaf infeksie tot en met sterfte omtrent tien jaar neem, sal die werklike effek van die huidige VIGS besmettings in Windhoek slegs ervaar word gedurende 2010. Gesondheidsdienste sal moet aandag skenk aan 'n groter aanvraag vir geneeslike dienste sowel as sosiale sorg en ondersteunings programme. Gemeenskaplike welsyn programme sal maniere moet vind om vir 'n groot populasie van MIV/VIGS weeskinders te sorg. Munisipaliteite kan 'n belangrike rol speel in die aanspreek van die MIV/VIGS epidemie op 'n plaaslike vlak omdat hulle die skakel is tussen die gemeenskap en die regering. Hulle is ideaal geplaas om 'n koordineerende en fasiliterende rol te speel wat nodig is om seker te maak dat vennootskappe gebou word om voorkomings en versorgings programme te lewer aan elke gemeenskap wat deur MIV/VIGS geraak word. Dus, om sukses te behaal in die bekamping van MIV/VIGS , is dit belangrik om nou saam te werk met alle vlakke van die regering sowel as met plaaslike vennote in die gemeenskap wat MIV/VIGS bekamp op gemeenskapsvlak. Deur aksie te neem teen MIV/VIGS , kan munisipaliteite die toekoms van hulle dorpe en gemeenskappe verseker.

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Kasokonya, Sinvula Martin. "An investigation of how members of a school board perceive and experience their roles in a secondary school in the Rundu Education Region of Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004558.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate School Board members' perceptions and expenences of their roles in a secondary school in the Rundu Education Region of Namibia. A case study was conducted within the interpretive paradigm. Six School Board members from the selected school were interviewed. The data were analysed using qualitative data analysis practices. The findings of the study indicate that there are numerous constraints that interfere with the Board members' ability to effectively carry out their role as a school governing body. These constraints include a lack of knowledge and understanding of the Education Act, a lack of skill in conducting basic management and organization processes and a lack of support from the circuit inspector and Regional Education officers. This study provides some understanding of the circumstances of the School Board in trying to execute its role in implementing the Education Act, especially the section dealing with School Boards. As such, this research provides an agenda for the support and improvement of the work of School Boards in Namibian secondary schools.

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Pendukeni, Monika. "The impact of HIV/AIDS on health care provision: Perceptions on nurses currently working in one regional hospital in Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Studies on the impact of HIV/AIDS on health workers conducted in the health sector in different countries in Southern Africa have shown that health workers are affected and infected by HIV/AIDS. This has affected the provision of care rendered by nurses negatively. The high workload emanating from increased numbers of patients contributed to the situation. As a result, a number of nurses suffer from stress related illnesses caused by many factors such as fear of contracting the HIV virus. Low staff morale has also been observed among nurses. The aim of this study was to study nurses perceptions, views and suggestions on the impacts of HIV/AIDS on the provision of health care in terms of increased workload, stress, low morale and fear of contracting HIV/AIDS in two medical wards and a TB ward in one regional hospital in Namibia.

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Shifidi, Victoria Tuwilika. "Socio-economic assessment of the consequences of flooding in Northern Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96066.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was conducted in the Cuvelai Basin in Northern Namibia to assess vulnerability and socio-economic impacts of flooding on local residents, and to suggest ways to counteract the consequences of flooding in rural areas of the Basin. This followed severe flooding in 2009, 2011 and 2012. These combined flooding episodes had a substantial impact on local residents and the Namibian economy, with estimated losses of approximately US$136.4 million (NAD1364 million) in direct damage and US$78.2 million (NAD780 million) in indirect losses. The consequences of flooding amounted to ~1% of the country’s 2009 Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Rural residents in the Cuvelai Basin live predominantly on small farm holdings (‘ekove’) allocated by local village leadership, and depend heavily on subsistence farming for their livelihoods. Since higher-lying ground with soil best suited for crop production becomes scarcer, residents are allocated land in low-lying areas which are smaller and more susceptible to floods. The destruction of crops, farm and grazing land, trees and livestock, by floods and similar disasters is of a huge concern. The study sought to assess the impacts of flooding, geographical or physical circumstances that place residents at risk, and socio-economic conditions that lead to vulnerability. The study also attempted to assess whether traditional leaders (headmen) and village residents can use flood risk maps to create plans to reduce flood vulnerability. Over the past flood years, initiatives by the government to cope with floods have been response (relief), short-term and heavily donor dependent. To cope with floods and agro-climatic changes in their basin, rural residents have evolved their practices, some of which are traditional, to help lessen the impacts of floods on their livelihoods. Unfortunately such knowledge is not fully acknowledged by policy, decision makers and disaster risk managers. As a result of this knowledge gap, the study’s objective of compiling these practices, serves as a means to document localized traditional flood response, mitigation and adaptive measures. Moreover, the study will suggest contemporary adaptive measures as recommended by the local rural residents. Residents in 314 households were interviewed during August to November 2012. The households were selected following recommendations by village headmen, and consisted of 273 flooded homes, 42 village leaders, and 35 homes that were not flooded from 45 randomly selected villages. The qualitative data was captured, pre-coded, processed and analysed in Microsoft Excel, SPSS and STATISTICA to derive descriptive and inferential statistics. Following consultations with village headmen and residents, recommendations were made on practical adaptive strategies to flooding. The study found that there is a need to foster community level participation, buy-in and involvement in disaster risk management strategies in order to reduce the gap between technical early warning mechanisms and indigenous knowledge. Results revealed that households with coinciding socio-economic and geographic vulnerability are heavily impacted by flood disasters. However, these two vulnerabilities are not directly proportional to each other. Other vulnerable groups in society were outlined and structural and non-structural mitigation and preparedness measures at household level were recommended by the residents. It is the study’s intention that this will assist in strengthening local residents adaptive capabilities during events of flooding, thereby mitigating their impacts. The project’s intention of documenting this technical and indigenous knowledge, will serve as a knowledge base that can be compiled and integrated into an effective village friendly flood early warning system. It is further hoped that this initiative will garner support at the policy level and contribute to the prioritization of flood response to pending disasters being placed at the centre of development planning and execution.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is uitgevoer in die Cuvelai-opvangsgebied om die kwesbaarheid en sosio-ekonomiese impak van vloede op die plaaslike inwoners te bepaal ten einde maniere te vind om die gevolge van oorstromings in die landelike gebiede van die Cuvelai teen te werk. Ernstige oorstromings in 2009, 2011 en 2012 het 'n aansienlike impak op die Namibiese ekonomie gehad met geraamde verliese van ongeveer US$136.4 million (NAD1364 million) in direkte skade en US$78.2million (NAD780 million) in indirekte verliese vir die land. Ongeveer een persent (1%) van die land se 2009 bruto binnelandse produk (BBP) is benut om die gevolge van hierdie oorstromings aan te spreek. Landelike inwoners in die Cuvelai-opvangsgebied woon op kleinhoewes, plaaslik bekend as ekove, wat toegeken word deur plaaslike gemeenskapsleierskap. Hulle is hoofsaaklik afhanklik van bestaansboerdery. Aangesien hoër-liggende gebiede met goeie landboupotensiaal toenemend skaarser word, word nuwe kleinhoewes toegeken in laer-liggende gebiede, waar die negatiewe gevolge van oorstromings op inwoners erger kan wees. Skade aan gewasse, landbougrond en weiding, boorde en vee deur oorstromings en soortgelyke rampe is dus kommerwekkend. Die doelstelling van die studie was dus om die impak van oorstromings te bepaal, die geografiese of fisiese omstandighede wat plaaslike inwoners in gevaar stel te evalueer, en sosio–ekonomiese toestande wat lei tot kwesbaarheid te bepaal. Verdere doelwitte was om vas te stel of gemeenskapleiers en plaaslike inwoners vloedrisikokaarte kan gebruik om vloedkwesbaarheid te bepaal, in oorleg met plaaslike owerhede en inwoners alternatiewe praktiese aangepaste strategieë vir oorstromings vas te stel en aanbevelings aan die nasionale rampsbestuursbeleid en praktyk waar toepaslik te maak. Tydens die afgelope oorstromings was regeringsinisiatiewe om oorstromings te hanteer korttermyn vloedverligting, grootliks afhanlik van skenker. Om vloede en landbou-klimaatsveranderinge the hanteer, het landelike inwoners nuwe praktyke ontwikkel, sommige van tradisionele aard, om die impak van oorstomings op hulle lewensbestaan the verminder. Ongelukkig word sodanige kennis nie ten volle erken deur beleid, besluitnemers en ramprisikobestuurders nie. As gevolg van hierdie kennisgaping, dien die studiedoelwit om hierdie praktyke saam te stel die doel om gelokaliseerde tradisionele maatreëls aangaande vloedreaksie, versagting en aapasbaarheid te dokumenteer. Verder sal die studie onlangse maatreëls voorstel soos aanbeveel deur die plaaslike landelike inwoners. Ten einde kwalitatiewe data van die gemeenskappe wat in die Cuvelai woon te bekom is daar vir vier maande (Augustus tot November 2012) opnames gedoen by 314 huishoudings, gekies op aanbeveling van die plaaslike owerhede wat insluit 273 vloedslagoffers, 42 gemeenskapsleiers, en 35 huishoudings wat nie deur vloede beïnvloed is nie, vanuit 45 verskillende gemeenskappe. Die kwalitatiewe data is opgeneem, vooraf-gekodeer, verwerk en ontleed in Microsoft Excel, SPSS en STATISTICA om beskrywende en inferensiële statistieke te bekom. Die studie het bevind dat daar 'n behoefte is om die vlak van gemeenskapsdeelname te bevorder, inkoop en betrokkenheid by die ramp risikobestuurstrategieë te verkry ten einde die tegniese gaping tussen vroeë waarskuwingsmeganismes en inheemse kennis te verminder. Die studie het ook getoon dat huishoudings met ‘n gekombineerde sosio-ekonomiese en geografiese kwesbaarheid groter newe-effekte ondervind van vloedrampe. Die twee kwesbaarhede is egter nie direk eweredig aanmekaar nie. Ander kwesbare groepe in die samelewing is uitgewys, en strukturele en nie-strukturele versagting en paraatheidsmaatreëls op huishoudelike vlak is deur die inwoners aanbeveel. Die studie se doelwit is om die aanpasbaarheid van die plaaslike inwoners tydens oorstromings te bevorder, en sodoende die impak te verminder. Dokumentasie van hierdie tegniese en inheemse kennis sal dien as 'n kennisbasis wat saamgestel en geïntegreer kan word in 'n effektiewe gemeenskapsvriendelike vroeë vloedwaarskuwingstelsel. Indien hierdie inisiatief ondersteuning vind op beleidsvlak, kan dit bydra tot die prioritisering van vloed- en rampreaksie in ontwikkelingbeplanning en uitvoering.

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Tam, Chiu-han Sandy, and 譚肖嫻. "Strategic aspects of information technology in the banking industry inHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268298.

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Haipinge, Emilie. "An investigation into the school experiences of HIV-positive secondary school learners on ARV treatment in Katutura, Windhoek." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004334.

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What are the school experiences of HIV-positive secondary school learners on ARV treatment? Although the provision of life-saving antiretroviral (ARV) treatment is central in the medical and policy response to the HIV pandemic, relatively little research (in the SADC region and in Namibia particularly) attends to people’s experiences and the social effects of taking ARV treatment. This study probed the experiences of high school learners on ARV treatment in Khomas Region, Namibia. As researcher I used a qualitative case study design based mainly on interviews with a purposive, select sample of eight learners at the school where I am a teacher-counsellor. Methods used also included: observations; focus group interviews with eight teachers at the site school; a questionnaire survey with Life Skills teachers from 25 schools in the Khomas Region; and document analysis. Using a theory of health-related stigma and discrimination as well as perspectives on resilience and agency as conceptual and analytical lenses, this study found that only a handful of these learners were living openly with HIV and AIDS. Being both HIV-positive and on ARV medication was a double bind for learners facing pervasive stigma and discrimination in and out of school. Discourses associated with HIV and AIDS, sex, and sexuality shaped people’s response to them and they feared being ‘caught out’. Here the study explores the complex reciprocal relationship between cause and effect in stigma, showing some consequences for these learners: isolation (both voluntary and imposed), mental anguish, depression and suicidal leanings; also (at school) absenteeism, grade repetition and dropout. Distinguishing stigma from discrimination in this study enabled insight into actual practices that constrain learner participation and inclusion in and out of school. Trust between learners on ARVs and teachers proved to be low. Teacher respondents not only felt unequipped to deal with the psychosocial needs of learners on ARVs but also indicated that confronting these needs animated their personal vulnerability (around HIV-related experiences in their own families). However, hopeful patterns also emerged. Some mediatory factors out of school shaped these learners’ experiences and identities positively, with implications for in-school experiences and participation. Some learner journeys reflected shifts from deep despair towards the emergence of voice, positive self-concepts and resilient dispositions. Here, also, this study enters a neglected area of research, showing how the complex interplay of learners’ own agency with social support brought these positive outcomes. Most learners had experienced rejection from immediate family, receiving support rather from community members who became ‘family’. The study thus also raises pressing questions on the nature of support structures (both in and out of school) in contexts shaped by HIV and AIDS, where stigma and discrimination are pervasive and where stable family structures, parental oversight and ‘normal’ progression through school cannot be assumed. It recommends that schools gain better insight into how learners’ circumstances shape their experiences, and develop internal policies, procedures and networks to reduce stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive learners on ARV treatment, as well as. ensuring material, medical, emotional, and psychological support for them.

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Black, Elton M. "Assessing the impact of ethical orientation on the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation in the Namibian small firm." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95632.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Namibia’s economic success is largely determined by the success of its small and medium enterprise sector. The contribution of this sector to the Namibian gross domestic product is a function of its entrepreneurial vigour. It is well documented that an organisation’s entrepreneurial leadership competency makes for higher profitability. What is less commonly known, however, is that this complex entrepreneurial leadership construct includes a vital ethical component. This study has aimed to shed light on the relationship between entrepreneurial and ethical orientation, both sub-constructs within the larger entrepreneurial leadership construct. An in depth theoretical discussion on both entrepreneurial and ethical orientation is offered. Prior research on both orientations is consulted to provide the necessary theoretical background. The study concludes by commenting on the existence of a relationship between the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation.

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Haipinge, Rauha. "Woman vulnerability to HIV/AIDS : an investigation into women's conceptions and experiences in negotiating sex and safe sex in Okalongo constituency, Omusati Region, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004337.

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This study emerged from the high prevalence rate of HIV and AIDS infection among women in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has no exception to Namibia. Women have been vulnerable to HIV and AIDS let alone on sex related issues since the epidemic emerged, but not research has been done specifically to Okalongo women. The way in which women vulnerable to HIV and AIDS infection were explored by examined social and cultural identities that affect women’s sexual relations in negotiating sex and safe sex. Qualitative study on a sample of fifteen women was conducted in Okalongo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the conceptions and experiences of women in negotiating sex and safe sex with their husband and partners. Feminist theory guided the methodology and analysis of data. I assumed that gender roles andsexuality are socially constructed, shaped by religion, social, political, and economic influences and modified throughout life. Feminist theory assisted in documentary the ways in which the female’s gender and sexuality in Okalongo is shaped by cultural influences and by institutions that disadvantage female and other oppressed groups by silencing their voices. The feminist further guided the discussion of the contradicting messages about women’s sexuality and their experiences, as women complied, conformed and even colluded with their oppression. To address the issue under study, the primary analysis of data from the focus group discussion and individual interview were utilised. The following themes were the heart of analysis: Women Positionality, Normalisation and Compliance, Women Agency and Male Dominance Power, Women Perceptions of Risk, Sex Education in and out of school among Women.In this study the data suggested that women in Okalongo are more vulnerable to their lack of assertiveness, as they have difficult in developing an authoritative voice, they tend to be humble about their achievements and knowledge and to only assertively when concerned about others. The findings supported the literature that women’s vulnerability is strongly influenced and tied by broader forces present in the society. Women’s vulnerability is real and needs to be tackled for any progress to occur in the fight against AIDS. Until factors that constraints and enabling women agency to negotiate sex and safe sex acknowledged and addressed, women will continue to succumb to the HIV pandemic.

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Sanzila, Keith Mumba. "Environmental factors influencing learner absenteeism in six schools in the Kavango Region, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003398.

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This study on learner absenteeism takes place in the Namibian context with a focus on the Kavango region, located in Northern Namibia, where absenteeism has been identified as a problem. The intention of the study is to find out the relationship between learner absenteeism and environmental factors. The research question was framed as: How do environmental factors influence learner absenteeism in schools, conceptualised as human activity systems in the Kavango Region (Namibia)? The wider intention of this study is to inform processes that can be put in place to reduce the impact of environmental factors on learner absenteeism, with the ultimate view of improving the quality of education. The literature review provides insight into learner absenteeism in developing and developed nations. It outlines the Namibian policies developed for improving learner attendance and retention of learners in schools, with the view of improving access to school. The study is located within the broader goals of education of Namibia. The research adopts a qualitative interpretive approach, and focuses on environmental factors influencing learner absenteeism in six case studies, which are selected schools in the Kavango province. The study uses a variety of tools such as questionnaires, focus group interviews, observations and interviews as well as document analysis. It uses a combination of inductive and abductive modes of inference in the data analysis. It draws on systems thinking to develop a model that theorises the interrelated roles of different stakeholders, namely, learners, teachers, parents, educational officials (including the regional office and the Ministry of Education). It proposes possible strategies for reduction of learner absenteeism that could contribute towards the improvement of the quality of education. It also mentions the benefits of reducing learner absenteeism in the schools involved in the case study. The findings clearly show that poverty is the main environmental factor that influences learner attendance. The impact of poverty does not, however, occur in isolation; it interacts and has influence over other environmental factors such as alcohol abuse, sickness, lack of parental involvement, lack of motivation from stakeholders and household work. The study also found certain educational factors influenced learner absenteeism, such as teacher attitude, pedagogical styles, and lack of security. The study ends with recommendations to reduce learner absenteeism and recommendations for further research.

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Schubert, Richard [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Ruckes. "Strategic Aspects in M&A Negotiations / Richard Schubert ; Betreuer: M. Ruckes." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217715444/34.

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Tam, Chiu-han Sandy. "Strategic aspects of information technology in the banking industry in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18836215.

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Mtombeni, Sifelani. "Community perceptions, attitudes and knowledge regarding mother to child transmission of HIV: a baseline evaluation before the implementation of the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Program using a short course of Nevirapine at Onandjokwe Hospital, Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Each year approximately 600 000 infants, most of them in Sub-Saharan Africa are born with HIV infection as a result of mother to child transmission of HIV. Whereas significant progress has been made in reduction of mother to child transmission of HIV in developed countries, the situation remains desperate in developing countries. Progress has been hampered by shortage of staff, facilities, limited access to voluntary counselling and testing and lack of support for women by their partners and communities. The challenge is to increase voluntary counselling and testing uptake during antenatal care. Onandjokwe district in Northern Namibia is currently introducing the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission Program (PMTCT). It has been found the previous PMTCT programs have failed because they adopted a top down approach where there was no community consultation. This study was conducted to explore the community perceptions, knowledge and attitudes regarding mother to child transmission of HIV through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews of key community members.

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Maluke, Rethabile Olive. "Science and technology policies and structures in Southern Africa : a discussion of the concept of national system of innovation with reference to Malawi, Namibia and South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50089.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interface between science and technology and the society has led to the notion of science as a social contract, in which scientists, politicians and the general public are called upon to acknowledge the urgency of using all fields of science and technology to address human needs. Science and technology is used as an instrument of change for a better quality of life and sustainable development for the present and future generations. The object of science and technology policies is to achieve specific development objectives. It is thus imperative to adopt science and technology policies that support the national development strategies. It is also important to set up science and technology structures to facilitate the proper functioning of the science and technology system. Competitiveness constitutes one of the most important challenges facing Southern Africa today. With globalization and the expansion of world trade competition, it has become more difficult for Southern African enterprise to keep up with the pace of technological developments. In the light of these challenges, most countries are driving towards the adoption of a national system of innovation (NSI) to encourage the interaction of policies, research and development, human resource development and industrial development. The study is induced by major science and technology set backs, which are common across countries in Southern Africa namely, poor co-ordination mechanisms, poor science and technology infrastructure and a lack of funding. The study provides background information on the theoretical framework of the concept of NSI. For the research method, a qualitative research design was followed with content analysis of existing documents. Published documents were used to provide information on the three countries, which were used as case studies namely Malawi, Namibia and South Africa. The main focus of the case studies is on the following: an outline of the policy goals of each of the three countries, the concept of the NSI as it is expressed by each of the countries and the science and technology structures in the three countries. The study identified poor co-ordination of science and technology activities as the key problem of all three countries. The structures differ slightly and in particular, the placement of the management of science and technology determines the efficiency of the system. The South African NSI is well established as its network is strengthened by the National Advisory Council for Innovation and the National Research and Development Strategy. Next is Namibia which has a system in place, while Malawi is still at the initial stages of setting up its NS!.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die koppelvlak tussen wetenskap en tegnologie en die gemeenskap het gelei tot die siening van wetenskap as 'n sosiale kontrak waarin wetenskaplikes, politici en die algemene publiek versoek word om te erken dat dit nodig geword het om alle vertakkinge van wetenskap en tegnologie aan te wend om menslike nood te verlig. Wetenskap en tegnologie word gebruik as 'n instrument om verandering teweeg te bring ter bevordering van 'n beter kwaliteit lewe en volhoubare ontwikkeling vir die huidige en toekomstige generasies. Die doel van 'n wetenskap en tegnologiebeleid is om spesifieke ontwikkelingsdoelstellings te verwesenlik. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat hierdie beleid in ooreenstemming met die nasionale onwikkelingsstrategieë ontwerp moet word. Dit is ook belangrik om wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in plek te stel wat die effektiewe funksionering van die sisteem kan vergemaklik. Mededingbaarheid is een van die grootste uitdagings wat Suider Afrika tans in die gesig staar. Met globalisering en die uitbreiding van wêreldhandel het dit moeiliker geword vir Suider Afrikaanse ondernemings om in pas te bly met tegnologiese ontwikkeling. In die lig van hierdie uitdagings stuur die meeste lande in die rigting van 'n Nasionale Sisteem vir Innovasie (NSI) om interaksie tussen beleid, navorsing en ontwikkeling, menslike hulpbronontwikkeling en industriële ontwikkeling aan te moedig. Wat aanleiding gegee het tot hierdie studie is die wetenskap en tegnologieprobleme wat algemeen voorkom in die lande in Suider Afrikaanse, naamlik onvoldoende koërdinasie meganismes, swak wetenskap en tegnologie-infrastruktuur en 'n gebrek aan fondse. 'n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gevolg waarin analise van die inhoud van dokumente as navorsingsmetode gebruik is. Die studie verskaf agtergrond-inligting oor die teoretiese raamwerk van die NSI konsep. Gepubliseerde dokumente is gebruik om inligting te verskaf oor die drie lande wat as gevallestudies dien, naamlik Malawi, Namibië en Suid-Afrika. Die hooffokus van die gevallestudies is soos volg: 'n raamwerk van die beleidsdoelstellings van elk van die drie lande, die konsep NSI soos toegepas deur elkeen en die wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in elk van die betrokke lande. Die studie het swak koërdinasie van wetenskap en tegnologie-aktiwiteite as die sleutelprobleem van aldrie lande geïdentifiseer. Die strukture verskil effens van mekaar en veral die plasing van die wetenskap en tegnologiebestuur bepaal die effektiwiteit van die stelsel. Die Suid Afrikaanse NSI is goed gevestig omdat sy netwerk versterk word deur die Nasionale Adviesraad vir Innovasie en die Nasionale Navorsing- en Ontwikkelingstrategie. Volgende is Namibië wat 'n sisteem in plek het, terwyl Malawi nog maar in die beginstadium is van die daarstelling van hul NSI.

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Ngalangi, Naftal Sakaria. "A Foucauldian analysis of discourses shaping perspectives, responses, and experiences on the accessibility, availability and distribution of condoms in some school communities in Kavango Region." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019990.

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Condom use is promoted as an effective method for prevention and contraception for people who practice or are at risk of practicing high-risk sexual behaviors. According to the UNAIDS (2009) report, condoms are the only resource available to prevent the sexual spread of the HI-Virus; and with regard to family planning, the same report proposes that condoms expand the choices, have no medical side effects, and thus provide dual protection against pregnancy and disease. However, in Africa as elsewhere in the world, condom use has been fiercely debated. The debates on the accessibility, availability and distribution of condoms in schools are not new nor are they uncontested. In Namibia, the HIV and AIDS policy in education does not explain how, when and by whom condoms should be made available to learners. This leaves it to schools to decide on how (and whether) to make condoms available to learners. As a result, individual school‘s choices not only vary, but are mediated by different factors that are not always in the best interest of learners who, as the foregoing discussion suggests, continue to participate in behaviour that, amongst other things, puts them at risk of HIV infection and falling pregnant. Relying on Foucault‘s theory of discourses, this study investigated the dominant discourses that shape learner, teacher, parent religious and traditional leader and traditional healer perspectives, responses, and experiences with regard to the accessibility, availability, and distribution of condoms in school. The study was conducted in nine schools in Kavango Region in Namibia using a mixed methods approach. The study used triangulation in the data collection process through the use of questionnaires where 792 learners participated in this component, and focus group discussions and individual interviews targeting four groups namely, learners, teachers, parents and religious leaders, traditional leaders and traditional healers. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS), and findings from the focus group discussions and individual interviews were analyzed identifying themes and patterns and then organizing them into coherent categories with sub-categories. The study revealed that the majority of adult participants opposed the idea of making condoms available in schools; advocating abstinence instead. This was despite evidence on the prevalence of sexual activity amongst youth in the community. Reasons had to do with various competing and hierarchized discourses operating to shape participant beliefs, perspectives, and responses in a highly regulated and surveilled social and cultural context. Put differently, the dominant discourses invoked a particular sexual subject; authorized and legitimated who invoked such a subject; who was and was not allowed to speak on sexual matters; as well as how sexual matters were brought into the public space of schools. Such authorization and legitimation regulated the discursive space in which discussions on sexual health, safe sex, and resources such as condoms were permitted; with negative consequences for the sexual well-being of youth in Kavango Region. The study also highlighted the tension between freedom, choice, and rights, showing how complex in fact is decision to make condoms available in school. On the one hand, teenagers positioned themselves as capable subjects who had the right to exercise choice over their sexual lives. Requesting parent consent was thus viewed as a violation of this right to choose. Such a position displayed authority and agency by learners that was pitted against views amongst adults in this study that positioned youth as having no agency. In their view, youth (a) were still children and thus innocent and pure, (b) ought to abstain, and (c) were difficult to control given the modern context. Adults believed that early sexual involvement by learners did not result from lack of vigilance and control on their part, but rather from exposure to modern social mores. The study concluded that (a) schools remain difficult spaces not only for mediating discussions of sex and sexuality, but also for providing resources to mitigate sexual risk amongst leaners, (b) in highly regulated societies, dominant religious discourses are produced and reproduced in and through existing institutions such as family, church, and schools; highlighting how these serve to normalize beliefs and perspectives, (c) the dominant discourses shaping communities in which schools find themselves remain inconsistent with school discourses that are shaped by modernist conceptions of childhood and youth, and (b) adult choices to sanction and obstruct schools from making condoms available (and in the case of teachers, not accessible and distributable) put the very children at risk that they propose to be protecting.

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De, Kock Melissa (Melissa Heyne). "Exploring the efficacy of community-based natural resource management in Salambala Conservancy, Caprivi Region, Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19593.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is titled “Exploring the efficacy of community-based natural resource management in Salambala Conservancy, Caprivi Region, Namibia”. Salambala was one of the first four conservancies to be registered in Namibia following the development of legislation which enabled local people on communal lands to obtain conditional rights for the consumptive and non-consumptive use of wildlife in their defined area, and thereby to benefit from wildlife. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), an approach to natural resource management which rests on sustainable development, is the theoretical basis for this study. Characteristics of CBNRM, a brief history of its implementation and impacts in southern Africa and key principles for sustainable CBNRM initiatives shall be discussed. The study includes a discussion on the history and development of Salambala, but focuses specifically on two issues, (i) whether Salambala is a sustainable community-based resource management initiative as per the principles required for sustainable CBNRM, and (ii), whether it is meeting its own stated aims and objectives. This study demonstrates that Salambala Conservancy is adhering to the principles required for sustainable CBNRM and that it is, on the whole, achieving its aims and objectives. It is thus delivering benefits to the community which, currently, outweigh the costs of living with wildlife, and wildlife numbers are increasing. In addition, the vast majority of local people surveyed have support for the initiative. However, there are a few critical issues which must be addressed, such as human-wildlife conflict and the need to increase benefits through, for example, further tourism development, if Salambala is to continue on this path. The methodology used during the study included interviews, the use of questionnaires on a sample of the population and extensive documentary analysis of both CBNRM and the history of Salambala’s development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is getiteld “’n Ondersoek na die doeltreffendheid van gemeenskapsbaseerde natuurlike hulpbronbestuur in die Salambala bewaar-area in die Caprivi streek in Namibië”. Salambala was die eerste van vier bewaar-areas wat in Namibië geregistreer is nadat spesifieke wetgewing ontwikkel is. Hierdie wetgewing het plaaslike inwoners in staat gestel om voorwaardelike regte op gemeenskaplike grond te bekom om die natuur te verbruik (bv. vir jag doeleindes) of te gebruik (bv.vir toerisme), en so baat te vind by die natuur. Gemeenskapsgebaseerde natuurlike hulpbronbestuur (GGNHB), ‘n benadering tot natuurlike hulpbronbestuur wat berus op volhoubare ontwikkeling, is die teoretiese basis van hierdie studie. Kenmerke van GGNHB, ‘n kort historiese oorsig van die implementering en impak daarvan in suidelike Afrika, asook sleutel beginsels vir volhoubare GGNHB sal bespreek word. Die studie sluit ook ‘n bespreking in van die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van Salambala, met spesifieke fokus op twee kwessies: (i) of Salambala ‘n volhoubare gemeenskapsgebaseerde hulpbron bestuursinisiatief is soos vervat in die beginsels vir ‘n volhoubare GGNHB; en (ii), of dit aan sy verklaarde doelwitte en oogmerke voldoen. Die studie toon aan dat die Salambala bewaar-area voldoen aan die beginsels wat vereis word vir volhoubare GGNHB en dat dit, in die geheel gesien, sy beplande doelwitte en oogmerke bereik. Dit lewer dus voordele aan die gemeenskap wat op die oomblik meer is as die kostes verbonde aan ‘n bestaan na aan die natuur. Verder neem die wildgetalle toe en toon ‘n opname onder die plaaslike bevolking oorweldigende steun vir die inisiatief. Daar is egter ‘n paar kritieke kwessies wat aandag verg, soos die konflik tussen inwoners en die wildlewe, asook die behoefte aan meer voordele wat verkry kan word deur middel van, byvoorbeeld, verdere toerisme-ontwikkeling - sou Salambala voortgaan met hierdie onderneming. Die metodologie wat in die studie gebruik is sluit in onderhoude, die gebruik van vraelyste op ‘n deursnit van die bevolking asook ‘n breedvoerige dokumentêre analise van beide GGNHB en die geskiedenis van die Salambala se ontwikkeling.

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Hamukwaya, Shemunyenge Taleiko. "An investigation into parental involvements in the learning of mathematics : a case study involving grade 5 San learners and their parents." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003480.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate and document parental involvement in a San community in Namibia over a period of two months. The emphasis was to investigate whether San parents in the Omusati region were involved in the learning of mathematics of their children. The learner participants were selected according to those who were open to sharing their ideas. An interpretive approach was used to collect and analyse data. The collected data was gathered from 9 participants (4 learners in grade 5 together with their parents, plus their mathematics teacher). Semi-structured interviews, parental contributions and home visit observations were the three tools that I used to collect data. The selected school is located in a rural area in the Omusati region of northern Namibia. The interviews were conducted in Oshiwambo (the participants‟ mother tongue) and translated into English and then analyzed. I discovered that the selected San parents were involved in some but limited school activities. The findings of this study emphasizes that illiteracy may be one of the contributing factors of low or non-involvement of parents among the San community. Other factors which I found caused parents not to assist their children with homework was parents spending much of their time at the local cuca shops during the day until late in the evenings. The study also highlights possible strategies that can be carried out by teachers to encourage parental involvement in school activities.

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Villamil, Velasquez Denny Carolina. "Integration of Sustainability Aspects in Product Portfolio." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19037.

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Several environmental issues are incrementing systematically, and many of them are linked to manufacturing activities. To mitigate these issues, it is necessary to develop sustainability solutions in the early stages of the innovation process, where there is room for creativity and innovation. The integration of sustainability at the strategic level of the company, where the essential decisions, the strategic plan, and the portfolio are developed, might ensure the implementation of sustainability aspects in products and services. Many companies develop product portfolios to organize and offer services, products, technologies and operations following the company strategy and targets. The portfolio components are assessed and selected using evaluation criteria. The most common criteria include: cost, quality, risk, revenue, time and market position. Usually sustainability is not included in the portfolio evaluation criteria. The aim of this research is to obtain a better understanding of how sustainability can be integrated in the product portfolio development of manufacturing companies. The main research targets are to: 1) define sustainability product portfolio based on a comprehension of the academic and industry perspectives, 2) identify how companies currently implement sustainability in their portfolio, 3) determine which evaluation criteria and tools are used for portfolio development and 4) how the product portfolio is developed, implemented and managed. A systematic literature review was performed to understand the state of the art about sustainability product portfolio. The literature review results supported the development of semi-structure interviews with companies and field experts. The interviews outcome provided a better understanding of the industry perspective. Afterwards, a workshop helped to understand what aspects are more significant for the portfolio evaluation criteria. Finally, a strategic sustainability assessment tool SLCA 2.0 was used to assess a technology product portfolio of a specific industry case. The results from the studies created a foundation to: a) determine the state of art of the sustainability product portfolio field and its relevance for integration and implementation of sustainability in the early stages of the product innovation process, b) define the concept of sustainability product portfolio, c) have a better understanding of the setting and the application of the portfolio evaluation criteria and how to include sustainability in the evaluation, d) identify key factors to integrate and implement sustainability in the product portfolio, e) apply and test a tool for assessing a technology portfolio from a sustainability perspective and f) create a prototype of a model to develop the product portfolio with a strategic sustainability perspective. This research provides a knowledge foundation of how sustainability can be integrated in product portfolio. In future research a model will be developed to support companies of how to include a strategic sustainability perspective into their product portfolio to enhance development of more sustainable solutions.

Contact the author to receive a pdf of the full thesis (papers included): dcv@bth.se or telephone +46455385569

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Moses, Moses. "Assessment of trade-offs between timber and carbon values of Pterocarpus angolensis (Kiaat) in the Kavango Region of Namibia : a comparison of current and potential values." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79908.

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Thesis (MScFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Kiaat trees in Namibia are threatened by unsustainable harvesting practice. This study’s aim was to estimate the total value of an average Kiaat tree selected for harvesting with a focus on current timber use value, value of an optimally utilised tree, carbon value, and alternative uses of Kiaat trees. To accomplish this aim, the following specific objectives were set: (1) to estimate the total tree volume and optimum utilisable timber volume of an average Kiaat tree; (2) to estimate the amount and value of carbon stored in the above-ground parts of an average Kiaat tree; (3) to determine timber utilisation levels; and (4) to identify alternative use options to reduce timber losses of Kiaat trees. Previous studies on Kiaat in Namibia and elsewhere focused on growth, development and socio-economical aspects of Kiaat trees. A combination of a socio-economic survey and tree volumes and biomass determination was used to collect data. The survey entailed Kiaat products assessment and face-to-face personal interviews with known key-informants in and around Rundu. Loggers with permits to harvest Kiaat trees were asked to harvest 40 Kiaat trees and data collected from each tree before and after felling included: lower-stem diameter, diameter at breast height (DBH), upper-stem diameter, stem length, stump height, recovered merchantable logs lengths and lower-and-upper diameters and lengths of branches greater than 10 cm in diameter. All canopy parts smaller than 10 cm in diameter were directly weighed, sampled and oven-dried at 105°C until constant weight. Volume of different tree parts was calculated and in combination with basic wood density used to calculate the biomass. It was established that a typically harvested Kiaat tree had an above-ground dry volume of 1.63 m3, of which 1.34 m3 (82%) was utilisable timber volume but that only 0.37 m3 (23%) was used and 0.97 m3 (59%) was left behind in the field. Merchantable logs were mainly cut into planks from which finished products - beds, chairs, doors and tables - were made. An average of 10.7 planks were cut per trunk and the local price of planks was N$45.26 at the time of the study. More income is generated from finished products compared to selling loose planks. Canopy parts were mainly cut into woodcrafts – bowls, music drums, and walking sticks. Current timber use value (N$484.73) surpasses carbon value (N$123.74). A further result of the study was that a significantly higher income could be earned for local livelihoods from Kiaat trees in the Kavango Region if trees were optimally used. Carbon trading is a noble conservation initiative, particularly when trees unsuitable for timber are considered. Use of timber trees exclusively for carbon trading is, however, not a viable option in respect of supporting local people’s livelihoods.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kiaatbome in Namibië word bedreig deur onvolhoubare ontginningspraktyke. Die doelwit van die studie was om die totale waarde van ‘n gemiddelde Kiaatboom, wat gekies is vir ontginning, te bepaal met die fokus op huidige houtwaarde, waarde van ‘n optimaal gebruikte boom, koolstofwaarde en alternatiewe gebruike vir Kiaatbome. Om hierdie doelwit te bereik is die volgende spesifieke sub-doelwitte gestel: (1) bepaal die totale boomvolume en optimale bruikbare houtvolume van ‘n gemiddelde Kiaatboom; (2) bepaal die hoeveelheid koolstof wat in die bogrondse dele van ‘n gemiddelde Kiaatboom gestoor word en bereken die monitêrewaarde daarvan; (3) bepaal die houtgebruiksvlakke en houtvermorsing van Kiaatbome; en (4) identifiseer alternatiewe gebruike om die vermorsing van Kiaatbome te verminder. Vorige studies oor Kiaat in Namibië en elders het gefokus op groei, ontwikkeling en sosio-ekonomiese aspekte van Kiaatbome. ‘n Kombinasie van ‘n sosio-ekonomiese opname en boomvolume en biomassa bepalings is gebruik vir die insameling van data. Die opname het ‘n Kiaat produkbepaling en gesig-tot-gesig persoonlike onderhoude met sleutel informante in en om Rundu behels. Boomkappers met permitte om kiaatbome te ontgin is gevra om 40 Kiaatbome te ontgin en data is versamel van elke boom voor en na ontginning. Die data het ingesluit: lae-stam deursnee, deursnee op borshoogte (DBH), bo-stam deursnee, stamlengte, stomphoogte, herwinde bruikbare stomplengte, bo- en onder- deursnee en lengtes van takke wat 10 cm of groter deursnee het. All kroondele 10 cm en kleiner in deursnee is geweeg en ‘n steekproef versamel wat oondroog gemaak is by 105ºC totdat konstante gewig bereik is. Die volume van verskillende boomdele is bereken en in kombinasie met houtdigtheid gebruik om biomassa te bereken. Dit is bereken dat ‘n tipiese geoeste Kiaatboom ‘n bogrondse droë volume van 1.63 m³ het, waarvan 1.34 m³ (82%) bruikbare houtvolume is. Net 0.37 m³ (23%) van die bruikbare houtvolume is egter gebruik en 0.97 m³ (59%) is agtergelaat in die veld. Bruikbare stompe is meestal opgesaag in planke waarvan finale produkte soos beddens, stoele, deure en tafels gemaak is. ‘n Gemiddeld van 10.7 planke is verkry per stomp en die plaaslike prys van planke was N$45.26 gedurende die studie tydperk. Meer inkomste is verkry van finale produkte as van die verkoop van los planke. Kroondele is meestal opgesaag in houtkunswerke soos bakke, musiekdromme en kieries. Die huidige houtwaarde van N$484.73 is meer as die koolstof waarde (N$123.74) van die bome. ‘n Belangrike resultaat van die studie is dat ‘n beduidende groter inkomste gegenereer kan word vir plaaslike lewensbestaan van Kiaatbome in die Kavangostreek as bome optimaal benut word. Koolstofhandel is ‘n edele bewaringskonsep, veral as bome ongeskik vir houtgebruik is soos in die geval van krom bome en jonger bome. Die eksklusiewe gebruik van houtbome vir koolstofhandel is nie ‘n lewensvatbare opsie om plaaslike mense se lewensbestaan te ondersteun nie.

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Samatanga, Fortune. "Factors influencing HIV positive individuals attending anti-retroviral therapy (ARV) clinic at Katutura Hospital (Windhoek, Namibia) to disclose or not to disclose their HIV status to their sexual partners." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86241.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There have been new infections of HIV despite campaigns aimed at arresting the further spread of the epidemic particularly the new infections. This study sought to investigate whether HIV positive individuals disclose their status to their sexual partners. The study looked at both longtime partners and casual partners. The overall aim was to find the factors that contribute to non-disclosure or to disclosure to sexual partners by HIV positive individuals. The specific objectives were to identify prevailing levels of HIV sero-status disclosure among people living with HIV who were attending the ARV clinic; to identify people living with HIV’s attitude towards HIV status disclosure; to establish factors contributing to disclosure or non-disclosure among people living with HIV; to establish if there is a difference between disclosure rates between ‘long time’ sex partners and casual/’once-off’ sex partners and to provide guidelines to counsellors on how to educate HIV positive people on disclosure. The objectives were achieved by using a quantitative research design through the use of questionnaires targeting 50 HIV positive individuals attending the ARV clinic at Katutura Hospital in Windhoek Namibia. The questionnaire was self-administered and consisted of close-ended questions and one open-ended question which helped collect the quantitative data. The quantitative data was then analyzed using statistical tools (graphs, tables and charts). Results showed that HIV positive individuals are aware of the importance of disclosure. The results showed that majority of the participants did not disclose for fear of abandonment. Some did not disclose because they thought that their partner was also already infected. As for casual sex partners, some did not disclose because they wanted ‘to infect someone since they were also infected by someone’. Some said that they were drunk and hence did not disclose. Participants disclosed because they wanted moral support, they did not want to infect their partners and that they wanted their partners to get tested as well. One of the recommendations was that there is a need to encourage couple counselling in cases of married couples or ‘live-in’ couples to reduce the need for disclosure. It was also recommended that HIV/AIDS health workers need special training to enhance their skills on how to educate HIV positive individuals about disclosure. The link between risky sexual behavior and alcohol abuse was highlighted and it was recommended that there is a need to educate people, particular teenagers, the link between the two.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was die bepaling van die mate waartoe persone wat MIV-positief is en klinieke bywoon hulle MIV-status bekendmaak. Die studie is by die Katutura hospitaal in Windhoek, Namibië gedoen en 50 MIV-positiewe pasiënte is as steekproef gebruik. ‘n Vraelys wat die pasiënte self ingevul het is in die studie gebruik en data is op ‘n beskrywende wyse ontleed. Resultate het aangetoon dat MIV-positiewe pasiënte wel bewus is van die belangrikheid om hulle MIV-status bekend te maak. Laasgenoemde pasiënte doen dit egter nie, hoofsaaklik uit vrees vir stigma, diskriminasie en verwerping. Sommige pasiënte maak ook nie hulle status bekend nie omdat hulle bloot aanvaar dat die persoon met wie hulle saambly ook MIV-positief is en die bekendmaking van status dus onbelangrik is. Een van die belangrikste aanbevelings wat in die studie gemaak word is dat getroude paartjies aangemoedig moet word om MIV-voorligting by te woon, hulle te laat toets en hulle status bekend te maak. Dit word ook verder aanbeveel dat MIV/Vigs-gesondheidswerkers spesiale opleiding moet kry in hoe om persone wat MIV-positief is te oorreed om hulle MIV-status bekend te maak. Die studie sluit af deur te wys op die belangrike verwantskap tussen seksuele risikogedrag en die misbruik van alkohol. Daar word sterk gepleit dat die gemeenskap, en veral tienderjariges, bewus gemaak moet word van hierdie gevaar.

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Lee, Sang Hyup. "A strategic vision of AVCS maglev and its socioeconomic implications." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10052007-143432/.

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Siririka, Gisela. "An investigation of parental involvement in the development of their children's literacy in a rural Namibian school." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/935/.

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Stuart, Julie Ann. "A strategic environmentally conscious production decision model." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24160.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Strategic aspects of Namibia'

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