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Books on the topic 'Strategic extraction'
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1
IBM Data Management Solutions Education Services. Extracting information for strategic decision making using MITS. United States?]: IBM Data Management Solutions, Education Services, 2001.
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2
Leahy, Dermot. Strategic and rent extracting tariffs in the presence of persuasive advertising. Dublin: University College Dublin, Department of Economics, 1993.
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3
Lazonick, William, and Jang-Sup Shin. Predatory Value Extraction. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846772.001.0001.
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This book explains how an ideology of corporate resource allocation known as “maximizing shareholder value” (MSV), that emerged in the 1980s and came to dominate strategic thinking in business schools and corporate boardrooms, undermined the social foundations of sustainable prosperity, resulting in employment instability, income inequity, and slow productivity growth. In explaining what happened to sustainable prosperity in the United States, it focuses on the growing imbalance between value creation and value extraction that reached to the extent of “predatory value extraction.” Based on “The Theory of Innovative Enterprise,” the book analyzes the value extracting mechanism by “value-extracting insiders,” i.e. corporate executives, “value-extracting enablers,” i.e. institutional investors, and “value-extracting outsiders,” i.e. hedge-fund activists. It concludes with policy suggestions to rebuild the U.S. corporate-governance regime for combating predatory value extraction and restoring sustainable prosperity.
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Group, Research, The Crude Petroleum Extraction, and Natural Gas Extraction Research Group. The 2000-2005 World Outlook for Crude Petroleum Extraction and Natural Gas Extraction (Strategic Planning Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, 2000.
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5
Kazerouni, Afsoon Moatari. Strategic Advances in Environmental Impact Assessment: Challenges of Unconventional Shale Gas Extraction. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2019.
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6
Group, Research, The Oil, and Gas Extraction Research Group. The 2000-2005 World Outlook for Oil and Gas Extraction (Strategic Planning Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, 2000.
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7
Lebdioui, Amir. Are we measuring natural resource wealth correctly? A reconceptualization of natural resource value in the era of climate change. 18th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/952-5.
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Underlying the management of revenues from natural resource extraction is a set of assumptions about how abundant and how valuable these resources are. Nevertheless, existing approaches to measuring the value of extractive resources are seriously flawed. This paper proposes two avenues for improving them. It explains how a multidimensional approach to measuring resource wealth can be used to identify the policy challenges that a country might face as it sets out its strategy for managing extractive revenues. It also provides a rethinking of the valuation of extractive wealth by integrating environmental considerations. Extractive activities can at times incur a great loss of (renewable) opportunity income, either directly or indirectly, because of their environmental impact. By analysing a range of examples from across the globe, this paper extracts key lessons on the true value of extractives and why it matters for policy makers, civil society, and international donors today.
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Christopherson, Susan. Outside Regional Paths: Constructing an Economic Geography of Energy Transitions. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.52.
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Moving beyond theories of socio-technical adaptation, a new economic geography of energy transitions is developing that contributes to a deeper understanding of adaptation and change in energy systems. This new geography of energy transitions draws on concepts in evolutionary economic geography but moves beyond regional analysis to recognize the nation state as a critical venue for strategic action by firms. The dependence on the nation state for access to the resource; financing of exploration and production; favourable regulatory oversight; and the infrastructure to transport the commodity to profitable markets, make it the essential venue for strategic action. Drawing on the US case of shale gas and oil extraction, this chapter argues that, despite the emergence of global production networks in the oil and gas industry, national-scale governance remains central to understanding energy transitions.
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Lazonick, William. The Functions of the Stock Market and the Fallacies of Shareholder Value. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805274.003.0006.
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This chapter analyses the evolution of US stock markets in terms of five functions: ‘control’, ‘cash’, ‘creation’, ‘combination’, and ‘compensation’. I argue for the centrality of the control function in supporting innovative enterprise in the rise of US managerial capitalism. I then consider how each of the five functions can encourage value creation or, alternatively, empower value extraction, and trace the evolving roles of the five functions of the stock market in major US business corporations over the past century. Drawing upon this history, I conclude by critiquing the dominant ideology that, for the sake of superior economic performance, a company should be run to ‘maximize shareholder value’ (MSV). I indicate how MSV undermines the social conditions of innovative enterprise: strategic control, organizational integration, and financial commitment.
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Slack, Keith. Capturing Economic and Social Benefits at the Community Level. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0031.
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Civil society organizations have played various roles in promoting the capture of benefits from and protection against the negative impacts of extractive industries. Payment disclosure is one potentially powerful tool for such organizations to promote greater local benefit capture. Practitioners and academics have noted, however, that transparency alone does not equate to accountability. This is true in the extractive sectors, where political dynamics pose serious obstacles. The cases of Ghana and Peru provide examples of these dynamics. Strategies for overcoming them include strengthening the technical capacity of civil society organizations, providing civic education, targeting interventions better, and learning more deeply from positive examples.
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Caputi, Jane. Call Your "Mutha". Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190902704.001.0001.
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The proposed new geological era, The Anthropocene (a.k.a. Age of Humans, Age of Man), marking human domination of the planet long called Mother Earth, is truly The Age of the Motherfucker. The ecocide of the Anthropocene is the responsibility of Man, the Western- and masculine-identified corporate, military, intellectual, and political class that masks itself as the exemplar of the civilized and the human. The word motherfucker was invented by the enslaved children of White slave masters to name their mothers’ rapist/owners. Man’s strategic motherfucking, from the personal to the planetary, is invasion, exploitation, spirit-breaking, extraction and toxic wasting of individuals, communities, and lands, for reasons of pleasure, plunder, and profit. Ecocide is attempted deicide of Mother Nature-Earth, reflecting Man’s goal to become the god he first made in his own image. The motivational word Motherfucker has a flip side, further revealing the Anthropocene as it signifies an outstanding, formidable, and inexorable force. Mother Nature-Earth is that “Mutha’ ”—one defying translation into heteropatriarchal classifications of gender, one capable of overwhelming Man, and not the other way around. Drawing upon Indigenous and African American scholarship; ecofeminism; ecowomanism; green activism; femme, queer, and gender non-binary philosophies; literature and arts; Afrofuturism; and popular culture, Call Your “Mutha’ ” contends that the Anthropocene is not evidence of Man’s supremacy over nature, but that Mother Nature-Earth, faced with disrespect, is going away. It is imperative now to call the “Mutha’ ” by decolonizing land, bodies, and minds, ending rapism, feeding the green, renewing sustaining patterns, and affirming devotion to Mother Nature-Earth.
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Roe, Simon, ed. Protein Purification Techniques. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636747.001.0001.
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Proteins are an integral part of molecular and cellular structure and function and are probably the most purified type of biological molecule. In order to elucidate the structure and function of any protein it is first necessary to purify it. Protein purification techniques have evolved over the past ten years with improvements in equipment control, automation, and separation materials, and the introduction of new techniques such as affinity membranes and expanded beds. These developments have reduced the workload involved in protein purification, but there is still a need to consider how unit operations linked together to form a purification strategy, which can be scaled up if necessary. The two Practical Approach books on protein purification have therefore been thoroughly updated and rewritten where necessary. The core of both books is the provision of detailed practical guidelines aimed particularly at laboratory scale purification. Information on scale-up considerations is given where appropriate. The books are not comprehensive but do cover the major laboratory techniques and common sources of protein. Protein Purification Techniques focuses on unit operations and analytical techniques. It starts with an overview of purification strategy and then covers initial extraction and clarification techniques. The rest of the book concentrates on different purification methods with the emphasis being on chromatography. The final chapter considers general scale-up considerations. Protein Purification Applications describes purification strategies from common sources: mammalian cell culture, microbial cell culture, milk, animal tissue, and plant tissue. It also includes chapters on purification of inclusion bodies, fusion proteins, and purification for crystallography. A purification strategy that can produce a highly pure single protein from a crude mixture of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and cell debris to is a work of art to be admired. These books (available individually or as a set)are designed to give the laboratory worker the information needed to undertake the challenge of designing such a strategy.
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Bucaram, Santiago J., Mario Andrés Fernández, and Diego Grijalva. Sell the Oil Deposits! A Financial Proposal to Keep the Oil Underground in the Yasuni National Park, Ecuador. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0022.
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The Yasuni National Park (YNP) is a protected area in the Amazon region of Ecuador. The Park is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world and has received much attention due to the media exposure of the Yasuni-ITT Initiative. This Initiative proposed a moratorium on oil activities in the Ishpingo-Timbococha-Tiputini (ITT) blocks within the Park, in exchange for US$3.6 billion in compensation to be paid by the international community. The authors conduct a feasibility analysis of the Initiative to show that it was flawed from its inception, then develop a financial approach for a ‘New ITT Initiative’. The authors propose the sale or leasing of the rights of extraction of the oil deposits as a strategy to keep the oil underground.
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Zori, Colleen. Inca Mining and Metal Production. Edited by Sonia Alconini and Alan Covey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219352.013.51.
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The Inca Empire directed significant resources and labor toward the extraction of metals from the provinces. Using the case studies of Porco (silver), Viña del Cerro (copper), and the Tarapacá Valley (copper and silver), this chapter explores some of the strategies used by the Inca in obtaining metallurgical wealth. These case studies show that, as suggested by ethnohistoric sources, silver mining and subsequent purification were directly overseen by the state. In contrast to models of more indirect state involvement typically proposed for copper production, these case studies demonstrate that the Inca actively invested in expanding production of this metal, despite the fact that it was not necessarily destined for use in the imperial heartland. I propose several ways that the production of silver and copper enmeshed local people in relations of hierarchy, obligation, and reciprocity as they became subjects of the Inca Empire.
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Martinez-Alier, Joan. Global Environmental Justice and the Environmentalism of the Poor. Edited by Teena Gabrielson, Cheryl Hall, John M. Meyer, and David Schlosberg. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199685271.013.25.
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There are an increasing number of ecological distribution conflicts around the world ultimately caused from the increase in the metabolism of the economy in terms of flows of energy and materials. There are resource extraction conflicts, transport conflicts, and also waste disposal conflicts. Therefore, there are many local complaints. Since the 1980s and 1990s there has been a globalizing environmental justice movement that in its strategy meetings and practices has developed a set of concepts and slogans to describe and intervene in such conflicts. They include “environmental racism,” “popular epidemiology,” “the environmentalism of the poor and the indigenous,” “biopiracy,” “tree plantations are not forests,” “the ecological debt,” “climate justice,” “food sovereignty,” “water justice,” and so on . . . These notions have been born from socio-environmental activism but sometimes they have been taken up also by academic political ecologists and used in their analyses.
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Pohl, Walter. Social Cohesion, Breaks, and Transformations in Italy, 535–600. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0004.
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When the Gothic War began in Italy in 535, the country still conserved many features of classical culture and late antique administration. Much of that was lost in the political upheavals of the following decades. Building on Chris Wickham’s work, this contribution sketches an integrated perspective of these changes, attempting to relate the contingency of events to the logic of long-term change, discussing political options in relation to military and economic means, and asking in what ways the erosion of consensus may be understood in a cultural and religious context. What was the role of military entrepreneurs of more or less barbarian or Roman extraction in the distribution or destruction of resources? How did Christianity contribute to the transformation of ancient society? The old model of barbarian invasions can contribute little to understanding this complex process. It is remarkable that for two generations, all political strategies in Italy ultimately failed.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Analysis of bulk samples. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0018.
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Chapter 18 “Analysis of bulk samples” deals with the particular case of biodiversity surveys based on bulk samples. A bulk sample is an environmental sample containing mainly organisms from the taxonomic group under study, such as insect samples obtained from a Malaise trap, or eukaryote-enriched samples obtained from filtered or size-fractionated water samples. One important characteristic of bulk samples is that they usually provide good-quality DNA in high amounts. Chapter 18 presents several seminal studies based on bulk samples that aimed at monitoring arthropod, nematode, or marine metazoan diversity. The advantages and limitations of the classical barcoding COI marker versus metabarcoding markers for bulk sample analysis are also discussed. Finally, Chapter 18 reviews two alternative strategies to limit the taxonomic biases associated with the use of the COI marker (i.e., mitochondrial enrichment via differential centrifugation or capture, followed by extraction and shotgun sequencing).
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Stern, Marc J. Morals, intuitions, culture, and identity-based theories. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793182.003.0005.
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The theories within this section move beyond bounded rationality to incorporate a wider array of situations common to our daily lives. Most of the decisions we make on a daily basis don’t involve deep cognitive thought. We rather rely on our intuitions, or gut feelings, to guide us. Moreover, when we feel threatened or our intuitive predispositions are challenged, it commonly proves difficult to calmly evaluate information and make rational decisions. Debates about environmental regulation, climate change, wilderness preservation, and resource extraction, among many others, often trigger deep-seated emotions and defensive reactions, rather than reasoned exchanges. The theories within this section explain why and how this happens and provide strategies for what to do about it, drawing on themes of morals, intuitions, culture, and identity. Each theory is summarized succinctly and followed by guidance on how to apply it to real world problem solving.
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Sellout: How Washington gave away America's technological soul, and one man's fight to bring it home. 2017.
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20
Keulertz, Martin, Jeannie Sowers, Eckart Woertz, and Rabi Mohtar. The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Arid Regions. Edited by Ken Conca and Erika Weinthal. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199335084.013.28.
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Systems of producing, consuming, and distributing water, energy, and food involve trade-offs that are rarely explicitly considered by firms and policymakers. The idea of the water-energy-food “nexus” represents an attempt to formalize these trade-offs into decision-making processes. Multinational food and beverage firms operating in arid regions were early promoters of nexus approaches, followed by aid donors, consultancies, and international institutions seeking a new paradigm for resource management and development planning. The first generation of nexus research focused on quantitative input-output modeling to empirically demonstrate interdependencies and options for optimizing resource management. This chapter employs a different approach, analyzing institutional “problemsheds” that shape the implementation of nexus initiatives in arid regions of the United States, the Persian/Arabian Gulf, and China. Our analysis reveals how nexus approaches are conditioned by property rights regimes, economic growth strategies based on resource extraction, and the ability to externalize environmental costs to other regions and states.
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de Heredia, Marta Iñiguez. Creative survival as subversion. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526108760.003.0007.
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This chapter explores how creative survival, reciprocity and solidarity allow for mitigating extractive practices and the military rule that is put in place in rural areas. These practices represent forms of reappropriation, simultaneously delegitimising political order, and hence subverting it. The chapter illustrates that despite the context of violence, popular classes still aspire to improve their conditions of living in terms of political participation and economic distribution. In contrast with the last chapter, these practices have women as their protagonists, but as in the previous chapter, they are interconnected with different forms of resistance. This chapter also illustrates the pre-existing democratic configurations of order and how national and international strategies largely operate by disregarding them.
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McElroy, Caitlin. Reconceptualizing Resource Peripheries. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.32.
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This chapter evaluates how engagement with the periphery in economic geography has come to intersect with resource geographies. This intersection of resources and the periphery as ‘resource peripheries’ has structured models of economic development that have had a performative effect on the development strategies of resource-driven economies. This chapter argues that three emerging trends are challenging this discourse and there is now a need to reconceptualize our understanding of resource peripheries. These trends are changes in the resource super-cycle; the increasing exposure of the periphery to environmental change; and growing expectations of extractive industry-led development. These new trends illustrate the ways in which resource peripheries are simultaneously enmeshed in the global economy and well as spaces of distinct vulnerabilities and opportunities.
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Bahar, Matthew R. Storm of the Sea. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190874247.001.0001.
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From the pre-Contact period through the end of the Seven Years’ War in 1763, the Wabanaki Indians of northern New England and the Canadian Maritimes confronted European colonialism by assimilating sailing technology and undertaking an extractive political project. Their campaign of sea and shore united their communities into a confederacy, alienated colonial neighbors, and stymied English and French imperialism. Afloat, Indian marine warriors commanded sailing ships and coordinated a barrage of punitive and plundering raids on the English fisheries of the northwest Atlantic. Ashore, Indian diplomats engaged in shrewd transatlantic negotiations with imperial officials of French Acadia and New England. Wabanaki’s blue-water strategy ultimately sought to achieve a Native dominion governed by its sovereign masters and enriched by profitable and compliant tributaries.
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Schelbert, Heinrich R. Image-Based Measurements of Myocardial Blood Flow. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0024.
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Image-based measurements of myocardial blood flow afford the assessment of coronary circulatory function. They reflect functional consequences of coronary stenoses, diffuse epicardial vessel disease and microvascular dysfunction and structural changes and thus provide a measure of the total ischemic burden. Measured flows contain therefore clinically important predictive information. Fundamental to flow measurements are the tissue tracer kinetics, their description through tracer kinetic models, high spatial and temporal resolution imaging devices and accurate extraction of radiotracer tissue concentrations from dynamically acquired images for estimating true flows from the tissue time activity curves. A large body of literature on measurements of myocardial blood flow exists for defining in humans normal values for flow at baseline and during hyperemic stress as well as for the myocardial flow reserve. The role of PET for flow measurements has been well established; initial results with modern SPECT devices are encouraging. Responses of myocardial blood flow to specific challenges like pharmacologic vasodilation and to sympathetic stimulation can uncover functional consequences of focal epicardial coronary stenoses, of conduit vessel disturbances and disease and impairments of microvascular function. Apart from risk stratification, flow measurements may allow detection of early preclinical disease, influence treatment strategies and identify therapy responses.
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Macuane, Jose Jaime, and Carlos Muianga. Natural resources, institutions, and economic transformation in Mozambique. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/893-1.
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In the light of Mozambique’s natural resources boom—especially its large-scale investments in mining, oil, and gas—this paper analyses the prospects for the extractive industries to contribute to economic transformation from an institutional perspective. To this purpose, we address the institutional dynamics of the resources sector and consider the underlying causes of the identified outcomes. The National Development Strategy, as the instrument presenting the vision for economic transformation and diversification, is discussed. The paper is based on a desk review—documental and bibliographic—and on primary data gathered by the authors as part of their research into the field of natural resources and the political economy of development. We conclude that, given Mozambique’s political patronage and clientelism, intra-ruling elite competition, limited productive base, weak state capacity, high level of poverty, and recurrent fiscal deficits, the prospects of the current resource boom leading to economic transformation, despite its considerable potential, are at best uncertain.
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Ince, Onur Ulas. Colonial Capitalism and the Dilemmas of Liberalism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637293.001.0001.
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This book analyzes the relationship between liberalism and empire from the perspective of political economy. It investigates the formative impact of “colonial capitalism” on the historical development of British liberal thought between the late seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries. It argues that liberalism as a political language developed through early modern debates over the contested meanings of property, exchange, and labor, which it examines respectively in the context of colonial land appropriations in the Americas, militarized trading in South Asia, and state-led proletarianization in Australasia. The book contends that the British Empire could be extolled as the “empire of liberty”—that is, the avatar of private property, free trade, and free labor—only on the condition that its colonial expropriation, extraction, and exploitation were “disavowed” and dissociated from the increasingly liberal conception of its capitalist economy. It identifies exemplary strategies of disavowal in the works of John Locke, Edmund Burke, and Edward G. Wakefield, who, as three liberal intellectuals of empire, attempted to navigate the ideological tensions between the liberal self-image of Britain and the violence that shaped its imperial economy. Challenging the prevalent tendency to study liberalism and empire around an abstract politics of universalism and colonial difference, the book discloses the ideological contradictions internal to Britain’s imperial economy and their critical influence on the formation of liberalism. It concludes that the disavowal of the violence constitutive of capitalist relations in the colonies has been crucial for crafting a liberal image for Anglophone imperialism and more generally for global capitalism.
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Møller, Ann Merete. Evidence-based medicine in anaesthesia. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0029.
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Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is defined as ‘The judicious use of the best current evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients’. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is meant to integrate clinical expertise with the best available research evidence and patient values. The purpose of EBM is to assist clinicians in making the best decisions. Practising EBM includes asking an answerable, well-defined clinical question, searching for information, critically appraising information retrieved, extracting data, synthesizing data, and making conclusions about the overall effect. The clinical question includes information of the following elements: the population, the intervention, and the clinically relevant outcomes in focus. The clinical question is a tool to make the focus of the question clearer, and an aid to build the following search strategy. A comprehensive and reproducible literature search is essential for conducting a high-quality and up-to-date search. The search should include all relevant clinical databases. Papers retrieved after the search must be critically appraised and evaluated for the risk of bias. Evidence-based methods are used in the production of systematic reviews, and the development of clinical guidelines. Whether a meta-analysis should be performed depends on the quality and nature of the extracted data. Practising EBM may be challenged by a lack of well-performed trials, various types of bias (including publication bias), and heterogeneity between existing trials. Several tools have been constructed to help the process; examples are the CONSORT statement, the PRISMA statement, and the AGREE instrument.