Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratégie de multinationalisation des firmes'
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Neb, Samouth. "Les zones franches et la stratégie d’insertion des investisseurs étrangers dans les pays en développement : le cas des zones économiques spéciales cambodgiennes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20034.
Full textFree zones are a striking illustration of the opening of the world to the international trade. In the last four decades, tremendously increased, Free zones are not static phenomenon, but dynamic ones. The dynamic is in the sense of which their industrial activities are started from labor intensive industry to the most sophisticated activities. We propose a classification of free zones into four generations: 1st generation (free trade zones), 2nd generation (export processing zones and special economic zones), 3rd generation (services based zones) and 4th generation (science-based zones). Based on performance criteria in term of exportation and employment, four groups of countries were classified to design the level of development of free zones. The first two groups of countries, such as the Est and the South-Est Asian countries and Latin American countries, are considered as the most dynamic countries in term of free zones’ development. In fact, the most important zone is located in the countries where there are a strong industrial dynamics with participating actively to the international trade and to foreign firms’ strategy. Having invested in free zones, enterprises are totally foreign firms or Joint- venture. In this regard, firms installed in free zones could be: assembled factory, production factory, totally integrated factory. These firms aimed to supply the product to parent company or to sell the product to another enterprises or distribution companies as they are outsourcing. In this case, the firm’s strategic behaviors are considered as “verticals” or “global”. It’s not surprising that the free zones of 2nd generation are established in Cambodia at the stage of industrial development. The objective of the Royal Government of Cambodia is to exploit efficiently its comparative advantages (natural and artificial ones) and to catch its opportunities to the regional and global trade. Thus, the establishment of special economic zones (SEZ) shows the commitment of the government in the process of the export-led industrialization in Cambodia. The Cambodian SEZ provides two kinds of advantages : The non Cost advantages includes international market privileged access (to American and European market), the benefit of social label of Cambodian manufactured products and others Cambodian preferential trade agreements, which are considered as the most attractive factors of foreign direct investment to Cambodian SEZ. The Cost Advantages has a natural caracteristic (the abundance of labor forces at low cost) and artificial (better incentive measures and attractive policy). Based on theses advantages, the Cambodian SEZ could be developed in three phases: initial phase (assembly factory), second phase (production factory) and finally the third phase (totally integrated factory). In this context, the Cambodian SEZ could, at a complementary position with free zones of the South-East Asian region, be a privileged location of the labor intensive industries- textile, garments and electronic industry
Négassi, Syoum. "Les investissements directs à l'étranger : une étude statistique et économétrique de la multinationalisation des firmes françaises." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOE004.
Full textHasegawa, Shinji. "Stratégie d'alliance des firmes internationales et théorie de l'internalisation." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010045.
Full textIn face of a proliferation of international strategic alliances in the globalization of the firm, the traditional hypothesis of the internalization, based on the economics of transaction costs, appears to comprise the two fundamental defects: the dichotomous viewpoint based on the simple transition from the market to the hierarchy; and the absence of the strategic aspect. To overcome the first defect, we propose, in the extension of the traditional hypothesis, a new model, according to which the alliance is seen as a mode of transaction entirely different from the transaction on the pure market as well as the complete internalization. Such a mode of transaction can be rational when it involves mechanisms allowing to deter the appearance of the opportunism between partners, on the one hand, and that it allows firms, by means of the mutual utilization of management resources, to strengthen complete their own resources, on the other hand. This new approach of the internalization is validated by the study on factors determining the form of participation of japanese firms in Europe, according to which the factors such as r&d intensity, diversification, need for natural resources, and relative size of the local affiliate favor the international alliance. Furthermore, to overcome the second defect, the strategic aspect of the alliance is introduced by the analysis using the game theory, which enables us to explain the impact of the interaction among oligopolistic firms on the choice of alliance strategies. The strategic aspect as well as the complexity and the diversity of the phenomenon are finally complemented by the case study for automobile industry, where another type of alliance, keiretsu, also plays an important role
Slama, Yassine. "Le rôle des salariés locaux dans le processus d'adaptation des expatriés dans le cadre de la multinationalisation des firmes." Corte, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CORT0011.
Full textThe business globalization is accelerating. All companies decided to operate on foreign markets are forced to face the challenges of expatriate executives. With various players and different teams, diversity understanding and managing are becoming essential for companies that are expanding or consolidating their operations broad. This research aims at better understanding of the attitudes of local employees and expatriates toward (even) expatriation concept to identify factors of expatriation failure or success. It provides a broader view on expatriation concept to identify factors of expatriation failure or success. It provides a broader view on expatriation in multinational companies in Morocco and Tunisia, two countries that offer a similar framework (with many similarities) to international companies. In this context, the interview was a privileged tool of (preferred for the) information collection because this investigative tool is suitable for (to) the qualitative nature of our survey. We carried out a series of interviews in Marocco and Tunisia. As far as (regarding) multinational subsidiaries in Morocco are concerned, fifteen local managers and seven expatriates were questioned. As for multinational affiliates in Tunisia, twelve expatriate managers and fifteen local managers participated in the survey. We adopted an interpretivist posture that requires a (meaning) sense understanding that actors give to reality through their interpretations. We studied the managerial implications in order to improve the efficiency of companies (enterprises) that decide to expatriate some employees
Pacheco, Laurent. "Evaluation des technologies en santé : organisation institutionnelle et stratégie des firmes pharmaceutiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED004.
Full textHTA and institutions: 3 international networks of HTA agencies aim at increasing the efficiency of HTA globally. The theories of Network Economics provide tools to describe and analyse issues around the optimal size of the networks, the informational structure, the risks of early standard adoption of inertia and quality deficiencies.HTA and companies: early advice provided by HTA agencies to pharmaceutical firms in a means for companies to mitigate risks. From the agencies perspective this activity could be developped in a competitive fashion according to the theories of industrial econmics
Rondé, Patrick. "Progrès technique et stratégie de firmes : une tentative d'explication avec application au secteur des phytosanitaires." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1EC06.
Full textBorchani, Maktouf Manel. "Les déterminants de la stratégie sociétale des firmes multinationales : Étude empirique des filiales étrangères en France." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090009.
Full textOn the base of an explorative qualitative study we can precise the different elements of the social strategy of subsidiaries which are: the social vision of enterprise, the code of conduct and values, social training of employees, the structures of application and control of the social strategy and the social reporting. After that this study has proposed a model that integrates resource dependency, institutional theory and strategic choice theory. We have tried empirically to test the existence of a significant and positive relationship between the social strategy and its determinants. To this end, we carried out a typology study of the foreign companies in France based on the elements of social strategy. Then, we used the logistic regression to test the institutional, organizational and managerial determinants of the social strategy. Our results are unable to certify all hypotheses, so we have accepted the model partially and temporarily
Savary, Francine. "La stratégie d'implantation des firmes multinationales : le cas de la biscuiterie, de la chocolaterie et de la brasserie." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020073.
Full textAn analysis of the demand in the sectors of biscuit, chocolate, and beer during the 1979-1983 period in 13 o. E. C. D. Countries (united-kingdom, west germany, france, italy, spain, denmark, ireland, belgium-luxembourg, united-states, canada, australia, japan), shows a clear substitution of "new products" (crackers, chocolate bars, shandy) to traditional ones. The apparition of these new segments seems to be mainly the result of the action of the following multinational firms: nabisco-brands (u. S. A. ), united biscuit (u-k), generale biscuit (france), bahlsen (w-g. ) in the biscuit sector, mars (u. S. A. ), rowntree-mackintosh (u-k), cadbury-scheppes (u-k), nestle (ch), jacobs suchard (ch) in the chocolate sector and heineken (nederlands), united breweries (denmark), guinness (u-k) and b. S. N. (france) in the brewery sector. If these multinational firms tend to give a specific orientation to their environment, on the contrary, the evolution of the demand shapes their investment behaviours. The classification of the markets in four categories called "in constitution", "in development", "to maturity" and "near-saturation" shows the influence of demand on the geographic directions and the importance (value number) of such investments. However, this typology implies to take others determinants into account: the nationality, size and activities of the firms; as well as the volume, industrial structure and legislative barriers of a given market; the searching of economies of scale and oligopolistic competition. All these variables can explain the investments realised by the firms from 1978 tonow on and pull out the convergences of their implantation strategies
Serboff, Thierry. "Une lecture spatiale de la relation entre stratégie et design organisationnel." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22011.
Full textThe research work presented in this thesis addresses the relationship between strategy and organizational design in the context of multinational Corporations (MNC). First building and then exploiting two ad hoc information databases, this work helps in designing a conceptual framework that both rejuvenates and nourishes reflections about that relationship.The first information source is a theoretical one. Building on the strategic and international management literature, a new reading is developed that reinterprets organizational design and strategy through a new spatial lens. Drawing insights from authors that have specialized on space-related questions such as Lefebvre (1974) or Lussault (2006), it is shown here that strategies at the corporate level actually deal with questions about perceived distance among activities or geographical environments. Strategic execution is then concerned with two tools: cutting-out organizational spaces and locating decision nodes. Those tools foster information and knowledge exchanges, both in and through space. The second information source is an empirical one. It results from the cross-analysis of secondary data extracted out of several databases, mainly drawn from French national databases, and consists into two samples: a group-level sample (166 French MNCs) and a firm-level sample (245 French subsidiaries that are controlled by a French MNC).Confronting the two resulting information sources, a whole framework appears that let us both deepen and enlighten our reasoning about the question: “How is MNF’s spatio-organizational design to be conceived?”
Xu, Mengya. "Les stratégies d'expansion des firmes transnationales : le cas des entreprises françaises en Chine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC0004.
Full textIn an international context marked by an increasingly generalized economic and cultural globalization, by competition playing out on a global scale and by a form of growth obligation for the markets, the internationalization of business has become a priority and a challenge for firms that have the potential, the obligation and the will to have access outside their continental territories. In this context, we can observe the increase in bilateral trade between France and China in recent years. French firms are seeking to develop the Chinese market - a market of 1.375 billion consumers and considered to be promising. At the same time, Chinese firms are investing in France and establishing themselves on the European market.My thesis targeted a category of these companies - French transnational companies - to study their strategies for expansion towards China. Indeed, we can see in China the dynamism of a large number of French transnational companies which are present in various fields of activity.These expansion strategies developed by these transnational firms contribute significantly to the growth of an economy that has become globalized. In addition, they can serve as development models for large companies and SMEs that are willing to go international and who are looking for experienced means and methods to accelerate their internationalization.This thesis consists of documenting these strategies adopted by these French transnational companies from both a practical and a theoretical point of view, and identifying the way in which they are structured by adapting to the local environment which represents a large number of economic, societal, cultural and legislative specificities
Vieira, Cinceiçao Samuel. "Stratégies de diffusion de marques des firmes laitières au Brésil." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL072N.
Full textApanon, Charles-Marie. "Les Stratégies des usines sucrières de la Martinique durant l'entre deux guerres. Contribution et l'étude de la gestion des firmes aux Antilles." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL12010.
Full textThe study of stategies of the martiniquan sugar firms between 1919 and 1939 shows : 1_) in a situation where demand for sugar and alcohol is determined closely by the fluctuations of french needs, the production of martiniquan factories had been encouraged during the 1920's, but the sluggishness had persisted throughout the 1930's. Then some producers chosed to develop their activity while others were adopting a waiting strategy. 2_) the originality of this thesis is the analysis of accounting documents of 5 sugar firms. We notice at the opposite of several studies, firstly that the amounts of salaries and wages are very low, and secoundly the capital expenditures realised during this period is the minimum to retain the facilities. The main winners of the sugar profit were the government (through the tax policy) and the shareholdres of the firms
Guy, Patrick. "Les aspects stratégiques de la structure de financement des firmes." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00111274.
Full textDans une première partie, nous établissons un modèle qui relie la structure de financement de la firme à la richesse, des actionnaires décideurs, engendrée par le marché des biens lorsque celui-ci présente un caractère aléatoire.
Nous étudions alors, dans la deuxième partie, comment les choix stratégiques seront optimisés lorsque la structure de financement est reliée directement à la forme de la fonction de production.
La troisième partie, nous donne l'occasion d'analyser l'impact sur les choix stratégiques des causes limitatives que sont la responsabilité limitée des actionnaires et la présence d'une quantité limite de production.
Enfin, dans la quatrième partie, nous appliquons nos résultats à un marché de biens sous forme de duopole pour en déduire le lien entre les comportements stratégiques des firmes et leur structure de financement.
Garrette, Bernard. "Les alliances entre firmes concurrentes : configurations et déterminants du management stratégique." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1991. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00994943.
Full textUseche, Diego. "Les droits de la propriété Intellectuelle et les marchés financiers dans la stratégie des firmes du logiciel en Europe et aux Etats-Unis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0048/document.
Full textThe success of the US innovation model to help start-ups emerge as global leaders has greatly influenced many regulatory changes on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and the external finance of firms in Europe. This study aims to analyze the role and importance of these changes in the organization and performance of software firms. We show that multiple regulatory mutations of IPR have paved the way for some kind of “restricted” patentability of software in Europe. In parallel, via changes in financial markets, they play an increasing role in the growth and development of young innovative companies. In addition, it seems that the strategic use of patents is complementary with software firms’ access to capital markets. We study this complementarity by analyzing the value of patents as signals for IPO markets and their impact in the likelihood of survival of newly-listed companies. We argue that this complementarity may explain the increased importance of patents in a sector where patents are highly controversial. It refers to a particular market selection process and the appearance of winning and losing actors
Florentin, Daniel. "Shrinking networks ? : les nouveaux modèles économiques et territoriaux des firmes d'infrastructure face à la diminution de la consommation." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1195/document.
Full textOver the last twenty years, most European cities have had to face a new and unforeseen phenomenon, a reduction in the consumption levels of urban technical networks (and in particular water systems). The reasons for this phenomenon are numerous, from technical improvements of domestic appliances and deindustrialisation to changes in behaviours of users and the development of policies promoting sobriety and moderation in the use of natural resources. This is however a symptom of a larger process rather than a process per se. Indeed, declining consumption levels reveal the slow decay of the traditional model of management of urban networks, which has long relied on increasing demand associated with perpetual extension of the network. The erosion of this model is forcing network operators to confront a new form of vulnerability, which I term infrastructural vulnerability, the effects of which touch all components of a network, from users to pipes through operators and regulators. The thesis argues that this changing consumption regime is no single interlude, but rather constitutes the emergence of a new mode of network management. As such, it can be interpreted as an infrastructural bifurcation, i.e. a radical and durable transformation of network management as a means of adaptation to this regime of shrinking demand. To deal with this challenge, urban technical network operators have had to adapt and decided to transform both their business model and their territorial base. In order to grasp the rationales of these changes, I opted for a methodology involving being embedded for several months within two local firms facing this issue of diminished consumption with differing levels of intensity. The first is a multi-utility in the eastern part of Germany (Städtische Werke of Magdeburg), while the second is a water and sanitation operator in the south of Spain (EMASESA in Sevilla).My approach combines contributions from Science and Technology Studies (STS), urban political ecology and work on urban shrinkage to reveal that an emerging model of network management is yet to be fully stabilised, but that common adaptation strategies can be observed in both the cases. These strategies are not limited to technical adjustments or tariff increases to compensate the losses due to non-consumed volumes. The transformation in management model relies not only on major technical changes (such as downsizing, resizing or recentralisation of the network), but also on organisational shifts and new relations and arrangements between users and operators. Network operators have thus modified their role to become more than only suppliers of fluids. Their new business model has consequently reoriented production of value towards the development of services for users and the downstream part of the sector. This shift has a spatial dimension, as operators are also experiencing a form of rescaling of their management. The search for new economies of scale to preserve the stability of their socio-technical systems pushes them to extend their functional territories. This leads to potential conflicts with the local actors of the absorbed territories, but also to new forms of territorial solidarity and spatial redistribution. Systemic transformation thus sketches out a new geography of urban technical networks which advances work on local infrastructure firms and on network evolution by integrating the neglected configuration of a shrinking demand regime
Mourey, Damien. "Le contrôle circulaire : Une approche socio-organisationnelle du contrôle des relations stratégiques inter-firmes dans le secteur de la grande distribution." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472697.
Full textVieu, Marion. "L'internationalisation des multinationales issues de pays emergents : comportements des firmes et determinants du developpement international dans un contexte de croissance par acquisition." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2025.
Full textThe research aims to investigate the emerging multinationals' (EMNE) behaviour through their first international acquisition. Indeed, because of the scope and scale of this international phenomenon, the internationalization of these firms portrayed a novelty, a threat, and an opportunity in the worldwide landscape as well. Our study tests empirically the international management theories basically thought for firms from industrialized economies (MNE) according to quantitative methodologies applied on a unique sample of 504 EMNE from SDC platinum database. The results find three EMNE groups influenced by target-country characteristics, international acquisition experience and extensive network. However, these same firms are not influenced by domestic-country characteristics, their domestic acquisition experience and their close network. These results highlight the field both in corroborate some studies and refute others. This research finally clarifies a set of scientific knowledge related to the EMNE phenomenon through an empirical study of the international acquisitions
Kim, Back Sung. "Luxe, marketing et histoire : étude comparée et perception croisée France-Corée du Sud." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040147.
Full textToday France is the world leader in luxury. It owes to the strength of its world-renowned tradition, but also the power of its multinational groups (LVMH, Kering, but also his family business as Hermes). However, Korea is the archetype of the growing market between Japan and China, but also seen to be a national luxury economy through some fashion firms, the development of upscale hotels and the cruise luxury. So there are many reasons to compare the two countries, in particular from the French example, to conduct a study of the behaviours of Korean luxury consumers, through the consideration of the historical origins of luxury in France and South Korea, and an analysis of the specific realities of Korea
Singh, Sauman. "Entry and operation strategies of Indian pharmaceutical firms in Africa under the dynamics of markets and institutions." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0238/document.
Full textThis dissertation first shows that the early protectionist environment in India helped build a robust indigenous pharmaceutical industry. The simultaneous arrival of TRIPS and economic liberalization created both competitive and supportive push factors forcing Indian firms to look for new avenues of growth beyond national boundaries. Generic supporting policies of African countries, the action of international organizations and the new governance of donor-funded markets also acted as pull factors for Indian firms to engage in these markets.Next, taking the case of Mali, the thesis shows that the pharmaceutical market in Francophone West African countries is divided into four specific segments – government and donor-funded public and formal and informal private markets – with different regulatory characteristics. Indian firms are using only export to operate in these countries, but the organization of export varies according to the segment in which a firm intends to operate. Lastly, it takes the case of Synriam, a new antimalarial to show that Ranbaxy used the partnership with Medicines for Malaria Venture for developing capabilities, accessing new markets and gaining legitimacy. The case also reflects that international organizations may create institutional barriers and influence the market entry strategy of firms. To conclude, this thesis illustrates the richness and complexities of the African pharmaceutical market and shows that market entry and operation strategies of Indian firms are influenced by the underlying institutional environment
Nguyen, Huong Hue. "Investissements industriels, concurrence et diversification de l'offre alimentaire." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020052.
Full textOur research aims at analyzing the economic feasibility of approaches for product diversification and quality characteristics improvement by firms, in a context where these modifications are subject to technical constraints that induce high costs not necessarily valued by the market. In this context, we try to understand how it is possible for public authorities to intervene in order to encourage firms to make sufficient efforts (in terms of upstream investment) and facilitate the marketing of products in response to the needs of society. We apply these research perspectives to two important issues, namely the GM/non-GM coexistence and the health and nutrition issue through the development of product lines which are more acceptable from a nutritional point of view (for example, less sugar, fat, salt…). These two research issues are developed by mobilizing the tools of the Theory of Industrial Organization. The results show that the spontaneous choice of product lines by firms is not always socially satisfactory, which implies that in certain conditions, public intervention is desirable. In the case of GM/non-GM coexistence, non-GM products may not have the desired characteristics in the absence of regulation. In terms of health issues, companies in the market do not offer high nutritional value foods in the absence of public intervention. Overall, this thesis concludes that it is often necessary to combine several public instruments. In the first study, we show that the public authorities can effectively manage the GM/non-GM coexistence by acting simultaneously through the labelling threshold definition, the quality tests and controls, and the level of the penalty cost in case of non compliance. In the second study, we show that an intervention through Research and Development (R&D) subsidies has some weaknesses such as the risk of manipulation of the grant by firms, or the possibility of triggering distortions to the detriment of public health. This suggests combining the R&D subsidies with another instrument such as taxation
Cayo, Durand de Geist Getsiva. "Les relations économiques et financières entre la France et le Pérou : diplomatie économique, coopération technique et stratégies des entreprises françaises (1945-1975)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL011.
Full textThe Second World War had completely severed the relations between France and Peru. Throughout the Golden Age of Capitalism, however, France managed to re-establish a considerable position within the Peruvian economy. Thanks to an active economic diplomacy and the various efforts of private and public companies, France became a notable partner in technical cooperation and played, henceforth, an important role in the Peruvian programmes of industrialisation and modernisation. This thesis deals with the evolution and structure of the economic relations between France and Peru from 1945 to 1975. Combining macro- and microeconomic methods, it equally investigates the bilateral trade relations as well as the domains of finance, industry and technical cooperation. The study analyses the strategies and performances of French companies in Peruvian large-scale projects considering their successes as well as their limits. In this way, the thesis presents a nuanced view on a subject, which has never been studied before. It contributes in an innovative way to the research on the relations between Europe and Latin America and between the Global North and South
Loufrani, Samson. "Caractérisation du processus de commercialisation des firmes d'un secteur émergent : étude multi-cas de firmes du secteur des aliments fonctionnels et produits nutraceutiques du Québec." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/975/1/M9858.pdf.
Full textChaouachi, Mohamed Mehdi. "Justification de l'ancrage territorial des firmes de transformation alimentaire au Québec selon les logiques du modèle d'affaires." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2032/1/M10842.pdf.
Full textBolduc, Marie-Kim. "Flexibilité stratégique des firmes du secteur des aliments fonctionnels et nutraceutiques : analyses d'hypothèses dynamiques de la concurrence basée sur les compétences." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3218/1/M9616.pdf.
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