Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratégie navale – Modèles mathématiques'
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Cinq-Mars, Patrick. "Apprentissage d'une politique de gestion de ressources en temps réel : Application au combat maritime." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26648/26648.pdf.
Full textQiang, Shijia. "Stratégie de localisation et identification d'objet à partir de quelques mesures tridimensionnelles." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10443.
Full textCarrillo, Le Roux Galo. "Stratégie d'identification de modèles algébro-différentiels. Application aux systèmes réactionnels complexes." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT010G.
Full textSigrist, Jean-François. "Modélisation et simulation numérique d'un problème couplé fluide/structure non linéaire : application au dimensionnement de structures nucléaires de propulsion navale." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2088.
Full textGeffroy, Anne-Gaëlle. "Modélisation numérique de la rupture de structures navales sous l'effet d'explosion au contact." Lorient, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LORIS209.
Full textIn the context of military vulnerability of ships and submarines, this work, supported by a DCNS-LIMATB CIFRE, deals with the numerical prediction of the response of ship structures submitted to contact explosion. The ship structure constitutive material at stake is ferritic-pearlitic, mild steel. In order to study the coupling effects of stress triaxiality, strain, strain rate and temperature, an important experimental campaign was carried out, including laboratory mechanical tests as well as air blast tests. The microstructural observations of post-mortem samples and plates revealed the co-existence of two different mechanisms of ductile damage: cavity growth and micro-cracking. In agreement with the experimental results and the micrographic observations, an advanced elastic-thermo/viscoplastic model was built and a more complete, original formalism is proposed through a multi-surface and multi-mechanism model, describing notably the delaying effects of strain rate and temperature on the damage kinetics and the consequences of both damage mechanisms, namely isotropic (cavity growth) and anisotropic (microcracking). Models were finally implemented as user materials in the engineering finite element computation code ABAQUS. Several configurations of air blast tests were simulated using the card CONWEP of ABAQUS, devoted to reproduce the fluid/structure interaction during the process of explosion and which limits were shown. The numerical results are encouraging and some improvements are suggested
Colobert, Briac. "Relation entre stratégie posturale et stratégie de soulever de charge chez la personne âgée." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20029.
Full textThis work presents severals new contributions in modelisation and in the field of physical activity in the elderly. Force and equilibrium are both involved in posture and lifting. It is possible to employ index of strategies which allow to quantify those activities, in order to evaluate the possible relation between lifting and posture. To make postural evaluation easier and to evaluate load lifting, we describe two new models based on inverse geometric augmented body. The first model is able to measure ankle and hip movement and the secund model is able to identify the strategy employed during lifting. Each model only requires force plate measurements. The last part of this thesis focus on the study of the level of physical activity in elderly and its consequences on equilibrium and force. We find a relation between postural strategy and lifting strategy in elderly with a physical activity between 2-4 hours per week. Performances of the equilibrium system and those of the motor system are perhaps involved in a different level in the choice of postural strategy and lifting strategy. Our results underline the fact that even a low level of physical activity positively influences daily activities of elderly
Mbih, Boniface. "Essai sur la manipulation des procédures de choix collectif." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN0509.
Full textOne important problem relating to preference aggregation is the possibility of strategic behaviour. The fundamental result obtained in the early seventies by Gibbard and Satterthwaite establishes that any non dictatorial collective choice procedure selecting a unique outcome is subject to individual manipulation. This result relies on the concept of nash equilibrium. In this work other equilibrium concepts are studied, e. G. The admissible-strategy equilibrium concept (which is more realistic in the context of noncooperative games) and a combination of the concepts of exact equilibrium and nash admissible equilibrium ; results similar to Gibbard-Satterthwaite's are obtained. Evaluation of the proportions of strategic voting opportunities is then explored, for a specific procedure, the plurality rule. For several concepts of equilibrium formulas allowing to obtain exact values with respect to the number of individuals in the society are provided. This is done both in the cases of noncooperative and cooperative games
Mathurin, Joël. "Applications de la théorie des jeux coopératifs à l'analyse économique de la coopération internationale : illustrations par l'étude du cas de la politique agricole commune." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10081.
Full textZiad, Abderrahmane. "Contributions à la théorie des jeux et à ses applications économiques." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN0570.
Full textThe first part of the thesis concerns game theory we prove the existence of nash equilibrium in pure strategies when the payoff functions are semi-continuous and satisfy strong quasi-concavity. The second part we prove a new condition for nash implementing a correspondance of social choice this condition is stronger than maskin monotonicity but it is a necessary condition
Ben, Chaabane Mohamed Fadhel. "Intensification de la production d'éthanol biocarburant dans un bioréacteur bi-étagé avec recyclage cellulaire : modélisation et stratégie de conduite." Toulouse, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAT0007.
Full textThis study aims to intensify the ethanol production with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a continuous Two-stage Bioreactor with Cell Recycle (TBRC). For this purpose, the bioreactor process and the dynamic behaviour of the yeast were modelled, based on the mass balance and kinetic equations by distinguishing total and viable biomass. It takes into account the yeast physiological states which differ with the environment in the two stages. The TBRC aims to use optimally the yeast potentialities ; it combines the decoupling of growth and ethanol production in two different compartments, the gain of high cell density and the management of the cellular activity by the biomass recycling between the two stages. Cultures allowed the quantification of the yeast behaviour in each stage, in transient and steady states, for various operating conditions. Confrontation between theory and experiment is very satisfactory. The numerical analysis of the operational parameters influence on the TBRC performances and the yeast dynamic behaviour in the two stages are presented. Using the model as a predictive tool, we validated the relevance of the TBRC for the ethanol production intensification, in steady-state continuous mode, up to an ethanol productivity of 40 g. L-1. H-1, an ethanol title of 8,3 °GL and a null residual substrate concentration
Barudio, Isabelle. "Développement d'une stratégie globale pour le contrôle d'un procédé de copolymérisation en émulsion." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10046.
Full textBarthel, Patrick Bernard. "Principales dimensions d'une stratégie marketing orientée éthique-développement durable : essai de modélisation d'un marketing responsable." Metz, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2007/Barthel.Patrick.DMZ0702.pdf.
Full textThe company can profit from a "market advantage" if it is perceived as "socially responsible" by its customers. From this point of view, it can aim to integrate ethics or sustainable development values in its strategy , even though efficiency then depends on the marketers' ability to turn those values into customer benefits through an adapted marketing policy. The goal of this research means to define the main dimensions of an ethics or sustainable development oriented marketing strategy in order to enhance the corporate institutional image as well as customer relational quality. Such a goal has required prior reflection on the ethic concept and has led to prefer a "competence ethic" whose utilitarian and strategic nature allows better anchoring in management sciences. It also led to a reflection on the integrated approach characteristics of ethic or responsible marketing. The approach is focused on three main features : Product (P), Relation (R) and Company Institution (I) and is highly impregnated with complementary logics of the Stakeholder theory, the Resource and Competence Theory and the Legitimacy Theory. In order to elaborate and back up our research, many empirical investigations like surveys, discussions, have been carried out among corporate managers as well as consumers, with a view to understanding their idea of a "socially responsible" organization
Mariotti, Thomas. "Cohérence des choix dynamiques et interactions stratégiques." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10046.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study the consistency of dynamic choices in various strategic contexts. We will focus mostly on three topics, namely the coordination of decisions, the irreversibility of choices and the value of information. The first part of this thesis studies coordination among players in continuous games of almost perfect information. Our aim is to give a clear justification to the fact that the introduction of public signals may be necessary to guarantee the existence of a perfect equilibrium in this class of games. To do this, we develop an alternative method, based on the notion of continuation correspondence. The second part of this thesis focuses on information gathering in a framework with time in, consistent preferences. We show that, in the absence of commitment, an agent endowed with such preferences may voluntarily restrict his acquisition of information, in order to constraint his current and future behaviour. This strategic ignorance conduct leads to unambiguous pareto improvements compared to the complete learning situation. The last part of the thesis is concerned with the option value of information in the context of irreversible choices. For this purpose, we consider two models. In the first one, we analyze the investment dynamics in an industry where demand fluctuates randomly across periods. We show that a monopoly systematically delays investments compared to the optimal path. In duopoly, we determine how the fear of preemption mitigates the real option effect of investment. In a second model, we examine how opportunistic political parties select their candidates, given the information they hold about them. We characterize the kind of inefficiencies to which the strategic behaviour of parties gives rise. Finally, we show that a far-sighted party who internalizes the option value of keeping or replacing a candidate is lead to replace its incumbent candidates more often than a myopic party
Hess, Jonathan. "Modélisation de la qualité du biogaz produit par un fermenteur méthanogène et stratégie de régulation en vue de sa valorisation." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257347.
Full textCe lien implique une relation linéaire entre la qualité du biogaz et la concentration en CO2 dissous, qui sert à améliorer les modèles existants. Un indice de risque de déstabilisation du procédé est construit à partir d'une analyse de stabilité d'un modèle simplifié. Cette procédure, appliquée à un procédé pilote, peut détecter une éventuelle déstabilisation du fermenteur, plus tôt que les indicateurs usuels (pH, acides gras volatils). Enfin, nous introduisons une nouvelle stratégie de contrôle de la qualité du biogaz basée sur la régulation de l'alcalinité dans le digesteur. Différentes lois de commande sont proposées et validées expérimentalement sur un réacteur pilote.
Argod, Jérôme. "Marqueurs corticaux et autonomiques des troubles respiratoires au cours du sommeil : analyse mathématique, conséquences physiologiques et stratégie diagnostique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE19004.
Full textHébrard, Olivier. "Stratégie de prévision des humidités de surface sur un bassin versant agricole en milieu méditerranéen." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20076.
Full textSalanne, Jean-Philippe. "Contrôle du point de fonctionnement des décharges électriques par l'intermédiaire de leur alimentation." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000167/.
Full textThe aims of this study is to control the operating point of electrical discharges. These points, resulting from the coupling between the power supply and its load, may be unstable because of the dynamic behaviour of the discharge or any change of its length. To optimize the design and the electronic control of the power supply, the couplings between the later and the discharge are prospected. Numerical and analytical models of the system are presented. These models can simulate the couplings between the power supply and a discharge and are used to achieve the design of the power supply and its control. This approach is completed by experimental investigations considering discharge between 2 points, glidarc and DBD
Valeu, Aristide. "Contribution à l'analyse économique du comportement d'échange de votes." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN0671.
Full textIn this thesis, we use the tools developed by social choice theory to discuss aspects of voting behavior, particularly in committees. Unlike many studies following the fundamental contribution of Arrow, we adopt here a positive approach, as opposed to the axiomatic approach based on mechanisms satisfying a set of value judgments. Specifically, we focus on successive majority votes, and we provide answers about the possibility of such phenomena as Anscombe's paradox, logrolling, or voting trading. In particular, we explain the circumstances under which these phenomena are likely to occur, depending on the size of the society, the size of coalitions of agents, or the quota for a motion to be voted. Finally, we evaluate how frequently these phenomena are susceptible to occur
Dupleix-Couderc, Chloé. "Sur une stratégie multi-échelle d'analyse des grands délaminages en dynamique transitoire." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0013/document.
Full textThe part of composite materials in aeronautic structures is increasing due to their specific properties and the mass reduction they enable. Accurate numerical simulations are thus needed in order to design these structures, particularly to verify if they could resist dynamic charges such as soft bodies impact. Nevertheless, using a refined model to represent phenomenon such as delamination leads to computing time and dofs number incompatible with an industrial context. The aim of the present work is to propose a multi-scale method in space and time to solve dynamic impact problems on laminate structures. A domain decomposition method for dynamic problems is first used to couple different kinds of models and time discretisations. A refined model for the laminate is used in the degradating areas only - elsewhere, a coarser representation using 3D-shell elements is used. This approach reduced the cost of the simulation giving accurate results. To avoid a remeshing due to delamination propagation within the structure, a multi-scale method is then proposed. A global 3D shell elements mesh for the whole structure is defined. Local meshes based on a refined representation of the laminates are used only if required. Coupling between global and local representation is done using velocity field
Roulet, Vincent. "Stratégie multiparamétrique pour la simulation d’assemblages de structures stratifiées." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0050/document.
Full textThe presented work, within the framework of the European research project MAAXIMUS (More Affordable Aircraft through eXtended, Integrated and Mature nUmerical Sizing), is dedicated to the numerical simulation of assemblies with components made of laminated composites. These assemblies involve two types of high non-linearities. First ones are linked to the interfaces between parts (unilateral contact and friction). Second ones are linked to the constitutive material behaviour, from its initial properties to the complex evolution of degradations. These two non-linearities have a strong influence on the response of the assembly, which involves solving systems with a high number of degrees of freedom and generally requires the use of parallel computing resources.The coupling between the two sources of non-linearities requires dedicated and robust algorithms, able to run on parallel architectures and to deal with many very strong non-linearities. The efficiency of the LATIN method (LArge Time INcrement) has already been highlighted in the case of assemblies with elastic components. A first aim of this work is thus to extend the method to the case of damageable and anelastic components' behaviour.A second aim is to deal with the variability of the coefficients involved in the non-linear laws. Each set of parameters (friction coefficients, preload of fasteners, damage threshold of material laws...) requiring a given calculation, the multiparametric strategy of the LATIN method must be extended to the case of non-linear materials in order to efficiently reduce the computation time
Laurent, Luc. "Stratégie multiparamétrique et métamodèles pour l'optimisation multiniveaux de structures." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00972299.
Full textRamard, Constant. "Étude expérimentale et numérique du soudage multipasse : application à un acier de construction navale." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIS498/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying and modeling a multipass welding operation of a high strength steel used in shipbuilding. In this framework, work focus on predicting the metallurgical and mechanical consequences of the process and, in particular, the residual stress distribution after welding. Since residual stresses can be detrimental to the performance of the welded product, their estimation is essential and numerical modelling is useful to predict them. Two welding mock-ups which are representative of a T- joint were used to characterize the evolution of thermal cycles, microstructure and residual stresses (measured by contour method and deep hole drilling) after each welding pass. Metallurgical and mechanical behaviors were thoroughly characterized in order to feed numerical models with reliable constitutive equations. The last part deals with the implementation of the models in the finite element calculation code Abaqus using specific subroutines. A scale transition procedure has been added to describe the thermomechanical multiphase behavior of the steel. Preliminary calculations were carried out for simple cases to validate the implementation of models. Different numerical couplings were made. First a thermal analysis then a thermo-metallurgical analysis, to estimate the hardness after each welding pass. Finally, a metallurgical-mechanical analysis is achieved for the prediction of residual stresses due to multipass welding. The results of the finite element calculations were discussed and compared with the experimental results obtained in the first part of this work
Moussa, Hadiza. "Utilisation optimale de l'information privée et évolution stochastique des prix sur un marché financier." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10009.
Full textIn this dissertation we investigate a problem of asymmetry of information on a stock market. The models we consider are zero-sum repeated games with one-sided information as introduced by Aumann and Maschler. Our aim is to study at first the strategic use of private information on a stock market and then to explain how private information is gradually incorporate in the prices set during the trade. Our work focus particularly on the analysis of the strategic behaviour of the uninformed agent. We show that in the absence of external factors subject to unpredictable variations ( demographic and technological parameters, exogeneous offers,. . . ), the prices proposed at equilibrium tend asymptotically to a martingale related to the Brownian Motion : to limit a too strong revelation of his information, the well-informed agent randomizes slightly his actions generating in this way the stochastic evolution of the prices process
Gant, Florent. "Stratégie de modélisation et de simulation des assemblages de structures aéronautiques en contexte incertain." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675741.
Full textJarry, Vincent. "Etude pluridisciplinaire en écologie lagunaire (étang de Thau, France) : stratégie d'échantillonnage et organisation spatiale du phytoplancton." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20204.
Full textFouathia, Ouahab. "Stratégie de maintenance centrée sur la fiabilité dans les réseaux électriques de haute tension." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211003.
Full textCette thèse rentre dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche lancé par ELIA, et dénommé COMPRIMa (Cost-Optimization Models for the Planning of the Renewal, Inspection, and Maintenance of Belgian power system facilities). Ce projet vise à développer une méthodologie qui permet de modéliser une partie du réseau électrique de transport (par les réseaux de Petri stochastiques) et de simuler son comportement dynamique sur un horizon donné (simulation de Monte Carlo). L’évaluation des indices de fiabilité permet de comparer les différents scénarios qui tentent d’améliorer les performances de l’installation. L’approche proposée est basée sur la stratégie RCM (Reliability-Centered Maintenance).
La méthodologie développée dans cette thèse permet une modélisation plus réaliste du réseau qui tient compte, entre autres, des aspects suivants :
- La corrélation quantitative entre le processus de maintenance et le processus de vieillissement des composants (par un modèle d’âge virtuel) ;
- Les dépendances liées à l’aspect multi-composant du système, qui tient compte des modes de défaillance spécifiques des systèmes de protection ;
- L’aspect économique lié à la stratégie de maintenance (inspection, entretien, réparation, remplacement), aux coupures (programmées et forcées) et aux événements à risque (refus disjoncteur, perte d’un client, perte d’un jeu de barres, perte d’une sous-station, etc.).
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bassompierre, Cindy. "Procédé à boues activées pour le traitement d'effluents papetiers : de la conception d'un pilote à la validation de modèles." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130907.
Full textHarroue, Benjamin. "Approche bayésienne pour la sélection de modèles : application à la restauration d’image." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0127.
Full textInversing main goal is about reconstructing objects from data. Here, we focus on the special case of image restauration in convolution problems. The data are acquired through a altering observation system and additionnaly distorted by errors. The problem becomes ill-posed due to the loss of information. One way to tackle it is to exploit Bayesian approach in order to regularize the problem. Introducing prior information about the unknown quantities osset the loss, and it relies on stochastic models. We have to test all the candidate models, in order to select the best one. But some questions remain : how do you choose the best model? Which features or quantities should we rely on ? In this work, we propose a method to automatically compare and choose the model, based on Bayesion decision theory : objectively compare the models based on their posterior probabilities. These probabilities directly depend on the marginal likelihood or “evidence” of the models. The evidence comes from the marginalization of the jointe law according to the unknow image and the unknow hyperparameters. This a difficult integral calculation because of the complex dependancies between the quantities and the high dimension of the image. That way, we have to work with computationnal methods and approximations. There are several methods on the test stand as Harmonic Mean, Laplace method, discrete integration, Chib from Gibbs approximation or the power posteriors. Comparing is those methods is significative step to determine which ones are the most competent in image restauration. As a first lead of research, we focus on the family of Gaussian models with circulant covariance matrices to lower some difficulties
Lemaitre, Juliette. "Vers une simplification de la conception de comportements stratégiques pour les opposants dans les jeux vidéo de stratégie." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2343/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis addresses the topic of creating artificial intelligence (AI) to control high-level decision-making in strategy games. This kind of game offers complex environments that require the manipulation of a large number of resources by choosing actions depending on long-term goals. This AI design is not simple because it is about providing to the player a playful and interesting experience. Hence, the aim is not to create unbeatable behaviors, but rather to display several personality traits allowing the player to face diverse opponents. Its creation involves game designers who are responsible of defining several strategies according to the experience they want to provide to the player, and game developers who implement those strategies to put them into the game. The collaboration between them requires many exchanges and development iterations to obtain a result corresponding to game designers’ expectations. The objective of this PhD thesis is to improve and simplify the creation of strategical behaviors by proposing a strategy model intelligible to game designers and that can be interfaced easily with developers’ work. For game designers, a strategy model has been created to allow them to express rules guiding the choice of goals and their allocated resources. These rules make it possible for game designers to express which goal to choose according to the context but also to choose several of them and give them relative importance in order to influence the resource distribution. To improve intelligibility we use a graphical model inspired from finite state machines and behavior trees. Our proposition also includes a strategy engine which executes the strategies created with the model. This execution produces directives that are represented by a list of selected strategical goals and the resources that have been allocated according to the importance and needs of each goal. These directives are intended for a tactical module in charge of their application. The developers are then responsible for the implementation of this tactical module. Our solution enables game designers to directly design the strategical level of an AI and therefore facilitates their cooperation with game developers and simplifies the entire creation process of the AI
Lautrou, Nicolas. "Amorçage de fissure de fatigue dans un joint soudé de type naval : étude expérimentale et numérique." Université de Bretagne occidentale, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES2051.
Full textDemain, Boris. "Preuve de concept d'une stratégie thérapeutique avec des neuro-implants microstructurés dans un nouveau modèle de lésion cérébrale focale chez le marmouset." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30347/document.
Full textIntroduction: Stroke is the first leading cause of acquired handicap and disability in adults in industrialized countries. 20% of patients die in the following month, 75% of survivors remain with definitive sequelae, 33% become dependent for life. No therapy in the recovery phase exists today when functional deficits are installed except rehabilitation. In human, 80% of thrombotic stroke affect middle cerebral artery, which supplies the primary motor cortex (M1). M1 projects axons to the spinal cord and forms the CorticoSpinal Tract (CST). After an M1 insult, this tract degenerates and functional deficits of force and dexterity are induced. M1 is essential for voluntary dexterous movements that make patients independent. Objective: Setting up of a cerebral lesion model in a non-human primate, the marmoset, where the functional motor recovery can be assessed in order to study thereafter the effect of neuro-implant. Methods: 14 marmosets served to characterize the new lesion model induced by stereotaxic injection of a toxin inhibiting the cellular metabolism. Behavioral tests assessing the neurological score, dexterity and pulling strength of the upper limb, could assess the functional recovery in the acute, sub-acute and chronic phases until 6 months after the lesion. The longitudinal structural and functional follow-up after the lesion and during the recovery was done with MRI (T1, T2, EPI, DTI). The follow-up of the integrity of the CST was studied for the first time in the marmoset with a technic (ME-MRI, manganese-enhanced-MRI) using a contrast agent injected directly in the cortex M1, taken up by neurons and that traced neuronal tracts. A pilot study on 3 marmosets tested the effect of micro-patterned neuro-implants in the cerebral lesion associated with the injection of chondroïtinase ABC (enzyme of extracellular matrix degradation)
Essaid, Mohand. "Modélisation et simulation de la connectivité des flux logistiques dans les réseaux manufacturiers." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783593.
Full textVerrier, Brunilde. "Stratégie Lean and Green : roadmap d'analyse et de déploiement d'une politique de management alliant amélioration continue et développement durable en entreprise industrielle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD017/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the association of industrial and environmental performances with a continuous improvement approach oriented toward sustainable development, and particularly seeks for the identification and elimination of Lean and Green “wastes” in manufacturing processes. The major issue lies in the deployment of L&G tools within manufacturing firms with various processes and cultural characteristics. Based upon a thorough state of the art and industrial surveys on best practices, the research includes several assessments and observations on manufacturing sites. The development of an adaptable roadmap of deployment highlighting social concerns through the involvement of employees in improvements is therefore completed with a selection model of environmental indicators, a “L&G House” and a maturity model for the strategy’s implementation
Kamel, Boumediene. "Gestion de trafic : controle d'accès et limitation dynamique de la vitesse." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0204/document.
Full textThe highways congestion is a problem which appears in a recurring way and which has a wide economic, environmental and social impact. This problem can be resolved by increasing the highways capacity or by decreasing the traffic demand. These solutions are long to operate and are very expensive. An accessible solution in the shorter run consists in implementing a traffic management system.In this optics, several actions and control measures were developed to improve the efficiency of highways. Among these actions, we can quote the ramp metering control and the dynamic speed limits.The ramp metering consists of a regulation of the vehicles flow wishing to enter on a highway from an on-ramp. We developed the DFC strategy (Différence de Flux Characterisée par une densité désirée). It aims at maintaining on the main road, at the vicinity of the on-ramp, a density lower than a target beforehand determined by means of simulations. This new strategy was compared with the existing strategies such as ALINEA and PI-ALINEA. The DFC strategy presents the interest not to generate oscillatory phenomena in the trajectories of flow and not to require parameters to be adjusted. The dynamic speed limits imposes on several sections of the main road a speed limit which depends on traffic conditions. The objective is to avoid the congestion at a downstream bottleneck. We proposed several strategies of dynamic speed limits. They use quite the METANET model of traffic. Two of the proposed methods exploit the model METANET anticipation term and the third is based on the flow. Finally, the various strategies of dynamic speed limits were used in coordination with the DFC ramp metering. The coordination allows to obtain the results better than ramp metering used only or dynamic speed limits used only
Collet, Simon. "Algorithmic game theory applied to networks and populations." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7160.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to use algorithmic game theory tools to study various games inspired from real world problems in the fields of information networks and biology. These games are characterized by a large number of players, each with incomplete information about other players. In classical game theory, these games fall into the category of extensive games with imperfect information, which are modeled using trees. However, these games remain very difficult to analyze in details, because of their intrinsic complexity, which is linked with their possibly infinite tree depth. Nevertheless, we have taken up the challenge of this task, while diversifying the methods of resolution, and emphasizing its interdisciplinary aspect.Besides the introduction and the conclusion, the thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, we adopt the point of view of classical game theory. We propose a game that corresponds to a wide class of problems encountered in the theory of distributed computing. The main contributions of this part are, on the one hand, to show how to transform a purely algorithmic problem into a game, and, on the other hand, to prove the existence of satisfactory equilibria for the resulting class of games. This second point is essential, as it guarantees that game theory is adapted to the study of distributed games, despite their complexity. The second part is dedicated to the study of a game omnipresent within biological systems, that we call dispersion game. This game models the situation in which a group of animals must share a certain amount of resources scattered among different geographical sites. The difficulty of the game comes from the fact that some sites contain more resources than others, but may also attract more players. We propose a rule for the distribution of resources which makes it possible to maximize the resources exploited by the whole group. This part of the thesis is also an opportunity to revisit the close links between the concept of ideal free distribution, very present in the theory of foraging, and the concept of evolutionarily stable strategy, a key concept of evolutionary game theory. The third part focuses on the study of the behavior of a specific species of small bats living in Mexico, in the Sonoran Desert, and feeding at night from the nectar of the giant Saguaro cacti, a protected species. After the presentation of the experimental results obtained in the field, we propose a computer simulation of their behavior. The results of these simulations make it possible to formulate interesting hypotheses about the cerebral activities of these small mammals. We then study a theoretical model of game inspired by this real situation. The study of this abstract model allows us to distinguish the fundamental characteristics of the game, and to reinforce our approach of theorizing foraging behavior. This study also opens the way to applying this type of model to other situations, involving animal or human behavior
Gryspeirt, Aiko. "Impact des plantes Bt sur la biologie de Plodia interpunctella: évaluation de l'efficacité de la stratégie agricole "Haute dose - refuge" pour la gestion de la résistance des insectes ravageurs aux plantes Bt." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210542.
Full textMon projet de recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’évaluation de l'efficacité de cette stratégie et s’articule en deux phases :une phase expérimentale et une phase théorique. La première se concentre sur la caractérisation en laboratoire de l'impact des toxines Cry sur la biologie d'un ravageur. Cette phase constitue un support au volet théorique :la mise au point d’un modèle mathématique évaluant l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. L'originalité de ce projet repose entre autre sur l'interactivité entre ces deux volets.
Volet expérimental. Impact des toxines Cry sur la biologie de Plodia interpunctella. Nous évaluons séparément l'impact d'une gamme de concentrations de deux toxines Cry (CryXX et CryYY) sur une série de paramètres comportementaux et biologiques d'un insecte commun des denrées stockées: Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera :Pyralidae). Ces paramètres sont sélectionnés car leur variation pourrait avoir un impact sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R dans le contrôle de la résistance. Il est donc pertinent de les quantifier pour intégrer dans le modèle des ordres de grandeur réalistes et générer des résultats qui ne sont pas uniquement basés sur des spéculations théoriques.
Volet théorique A. Efficacité de la stratégie HD/R pour des plantes Bt synthétisant une ou deux toxines simultanément. La stratégie 'HD/R' a été développée pour prévenir la résistance envers les plantes Bt synthétisant une seule toxine. Or, depuis 2003, de nouvelles variétés de coton Bt synthétisant simultanément deux toxines Cry sont commercialisées (BollgardII® et WidestrikeTM). Nous évaluons, grâce au modèle que nous avons développé, l'efficacité de cette stratégie lors d'une utilisation exclusive de plantes Bt synthétisant une ou deux toxines.
Volet théorique B. Impact du ralentissement du développement des insectes sur les plantes Bt sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. Le volet expérimental met en évidence un allongement de la durée du développement des larves se nourrissant sur une diète contaminée en toxine Cry. Ce ralentissement induit une séparation temporelle entre l'émergence des adultes de la zone Bt et de la zone refuge et perturbe une hypothèse principale de la stratégie HD/R: le croisement aléatoire entre adultes, indépendamment du génotype et de la zone d'origine. Dans ce troisième chapitre, nous étudions l'impact de la perturbation du croisement aléatoire sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. Nous testons également deux options pour optimiser la stratégie en cas d'asynchronie: l'utilisation de plantes Bt synthétisant une faible concentration en toxine (atténuant le décalage entre l'émergence des adultes) ou l'augmentation de la taille de la zone refuge (favorisant la survie des individus porteurs d'allèle de sensibilité et donc optimisant la dilution de la résistance à la génération suivante).
Ce travail s'intègre dans une problématique actuelle et utilise des outils de biologie théorique (théories de la dynamique et de la génétique des populations) ainsi que le développement d'un modèle mathématique. Il apporte des éléments de réponse et de réflexion sur l'optimisation de la gestion de la résistance des insectes mais c'est aussi une illustration de la complémentarité entre la biologie expérimentale et théorique.
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On the market since 1996, genetically modified plants synthesizing an insecticidal toxin (Cry toxin) stemmed from Bacillus thuringiensis, called Bt plants, target several insect pests (Lepidoptera or Coleoptera). Bt crops cover increasingly larger areas and control important pest populations The Insect Resistance Management Strategy (IRM) strategy currently recommended in the U.S.A. to limit the development of resistant populations is the High Dose / Refuge zone (HD/R) strategy. This pre-emptive strategy requires a refuge zone composed by non-Bt plants, usable by the target insect and in close proximity of the Bt zone synthesizing a high toxin concentration.
My research project contributes to the effectiveness assessment of this HD/R strategy. It is structured on two main parts: an experimental, and a theoretical section. The first part characterizes the impact of Cry toxins on the biology of an insect pest. It is the basis of the theoretical part: the implementation of a mathematical model, which evaluates the effectiveness of the HD/R strategy.
The originality of this project is based on the interactivity of these two components.
Experimental section. Impact of the Cry toxins on the biology of Plodia interpunctella. We assess the impact of a range of concentrations of two Cry toxins (CryXX et CryYY) on several behavioural and biological parameters of a common pest of stored products: Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera :Pyralidae). These parameters are selected because their variation could influence the effectiveness of a HD/R strategy. So, it is important to quantify these parameters so that realistic values can be integrated in our model. The results of the model are thus not based on theoretical assumptions alone.
Theoretical section A. Effectiveness of a HD/R strategy with Bt plants synthesizing one or two toxins. Initially, the HD/R strategy has been developed to limit the resistance towards Bt plants synthesizing one toxin. However, since 2003, new Bt cotton varieties synthesize two toxins simultaneously (BollgardII® et WidestrikeTM). We assess, with our model, the effectiveness of this strategy for Bt plants synthesizing one or two toxins.
Theoretical section B. Impact of the slowing down of the insect development reared on Bt plants on the effectiveness of the HD/R strategy. The experimental part demonstrates that larvae reared on a Bt diet have a protracted development duration. The consequence of this is a temporal separation between adult emergence in the two zones (Bt zone and refuge zone). This could affect the main assumption of the HD/R strategy, i. e. random mating independently of the genotype and of the native zone. In this third chapter, we study the impact of random mating disruption on the effectiveness of a HD/R strategy. We test two options to optimise the strategy in case of asynchrony: the use of Bt plants synthesizing a lower toxin concentration (limiting emergence asynchrony) or increasing the refuge zone size (favouring the survival of insect carrying one or two susceptible allele and thus optimising the dilution of resistance at the next generation).
This work is applied to a current issue. It uses some of the tools of theoretical biology (theories of population dynamics and population genetics) and develops a mathematical model. It provides some responses and some elements of thought about insect resistance management. It is also an illustration of the complementarity between experimental and theoretical biology.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Prato, Giulia. "Stratégie d'échantillonnage et modélisation trophique : des outils de gestion pour évaluer le fonctionnement des écosystèmes et le statut des prédateurs de haut niveau trophique dans les aires marines protégées méditerranéennes." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4000/document.
Full textThe overexploitation of high trophic level predators (HTLP) may trigger trophic cascades, often leading to a simplification of marine food-webs and reducing their resilience to human impacts. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can foster increases of HTLP abundance and biomass, but long time frames are needed to observe a recovery, when possible, of lost trophic interactions. This PhD aimed to propose integrated management-tools to monitor HTLP recovery and the restoration of trophic interactions in Mediterranean MPAs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these tools at assessing fishing impacts upon HTLP and the associated food-web. Two often distant approaches were combined: field monitoring and food-web modelling. First, to survey the fish assemblage, we proposed to improve the traditional underwater visual census technique of one size-transects with variable size transects adapted to fish mobility. This improvement increased the accuracy of density and biomass estimates of HTLP at three Mediterranean MPAs. We then evaluated the potential of food-web modelling with the Ecopath with Ecosim and Ecotroph approach as a tool to inform ecosystem-based management in Mediterranean MPAs. We proposed a standard model structure as the best compromise between model complexity, feasibility of model construction in terms of data collection, and reliability of model outputs. Key functional groups for which local accurate biomass data should be collected in priority in order to get reliable model outputs were identified
Jebrane, Aissam. "Modélisation du mouvement d'une foule via la théorie de la dynamique non régulière des solides." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1062.
Full textThis work concerns the modeling of pedestrian movement inspired by the non-smooth dynamics approach for the rigid and deformable solids. Firstly, a reformulation of the non-smooth approaches of M.Frémond and J.J.Moreau for rigid body dynamics is developed. The proposed theory relies on the notion of percussion which is the integral of the contact force during the duration of the collision. Contrary to classical discrete element models, it is here assumed that percussions can be only expressed as a function of the velocity before the impact. This assumption is checked for the usual mechanical constitutive laws for collisions. Motion equations are then reformulated taking into account simultaneous collisions of solids. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the proposed model are discussed according to the regularity of both the forces (Lebesgue-density occurring during the regular evolution of the system) and the percussions (Dirac-density describing the collision). A condition on the internal percussion assuring that the collision is thermodynamically admissible is established. An application to the collision of rigid disks and the flow in a funnel-shaped hourglass is presented. The approach is extended to crowd motion, indeed; the circulation of pedestrians through the bottlenecks is studied and deals with to optimize evacuation and improve the design of pedestrian facilities. A sensitivity analysis is performed to study the effect of the parameters of a 2D discrete crowd movement model on the nature of pedestrian’s collision and on evacuation times. The question of estimation of contact forces and the pressure generated in a moving crowd is approached both from a discrete and continues point of view. A comparison between the second-order microscopic model (2D discrete model) and the continues approaches is presented. Contact forces are rigorously defined taking into account multiple, simultaneous contact and the non-overlapping condition between pedestrians. We show that for a dense crowd the percussions (moment umjump corresponding to instantaneous contact) become contact forces. For continuous approach, the pressure is calculated according to volume and surface constraints. This approach makes it possible to retain an admissible right-velocity (after impact), including both the non local interactions (at a distance interactions) between non neighbor pedestrians and the choice of displacement strategy of each pedestrian. Finally, two applications are presented : a one-dimensional simulation of an aligned pedestrian chain crashing into an obstacle, and a two-dimensional simulation corresponding to the evacuation of a room. In order to make the approach more efficient, we modeled each pedestrian with a deformable solid, the unidimensional case is studied a comparison with the discreet case is presented that corresponding to a crash of a pedestrian chain in a fixed obstacle is treated. The analytical solution of contact equations is developed for both approaches. This allows to calibrate the model parameters and offers an asymptotic study of the solutions. The non-smooth theory of deformable solids makes it possible to calculate the current velocity of the crowd as a continuous medium taking into account the interactions with the environment and their desired velocity. a macroscopic representation is developed through Hyperbolic – Elliptic Equations. indded;the crowd is described by its density whose evolution is given by a non local balance law. the current velocity involved in the equation is given by the collision equation of a deformable solid with a rigid plane. Firstly, we prove the well posedness of balance laws with a non smooth ux and function source in bounded domains, the existence of a weak entropic solution, it’s uniqueness and stability with respect to the initial datum and of the boundary datum. an application to crowdmodeling is presented
Amillastre, Emilie. "Amélioration de la robustesse de souches de levures aux stress technologiques par une stratégie de génie microbiologique : Application à la production industrielle de bio-éthanol à partir de matières premières agricoles." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAT0058/document.
Full textUnder industrial constraints, microorganisms are exposed to various stresses, due to their cultivation in large scale bioreactor, altering their viability and the performances of bioprocesses. Fluctuations in physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, ...) are responsible for this reduction in fermentation efficiency. This Ph.D project intends to improve the robustness of an industrial ethanol producer Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain under heat stress, in order to improve its industrial production of bio-ethanol under temperature fluctuating environment. The strategy of this project is to obtain a mutant more tolerant than the wild type strain to heat stress, possessing a lower death rate. An original continuous culture reactor has been designed, coupling UV mutagenesis (generating genetic modifications) and selection pressure (temperature) to select the most robust variant. A phenomenological model was proposed to simulate microbial kinetics based on the monitoring strategy of the chemostat and to optimize the operating conditions necessary for the generation of variants. This dynamic model involves the impact of the temperature on the kinetics of growth, cell death and ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These kinetics were experimentally quantified as a function of the temperature and the UV treatment. Continuous cultures were carried out under the simulated conditions and some variants were characterized in very high ethanol performance fermentations in terms of growth, death and production performances. This strategy allowed us to select a variant possessing a better thermal robustness characterized by a lower death rate than the wild type strain under heat stress. However, the reduction of the death rate did not translate into better ethanol production performances
Trabelsi, Mariem. "Games with incomplete information : a framework based on possibility theory." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30203.
Full textProbabilistic games with incomplete information, called Bayesian games, offer a suitable framework for games where the utility degrees are additive in essence. This approach does not apply to ordinal games where the utility degrees capture no more than a ranking, nor to situations of decision under qualitative uncertainty. In the first part of this thesis, we propose a representation framework for ordinal games under possibilistic incomplete information (PI-games). These games constitute a suitable framework for the representation of ordinal games under incomplete knowledge. We extend the fundamental notions of secure strategy, pure Nash equilibrium, and mixed Nash equilibrium to this framework. Furthermore, we show that any possibilis- tic game with incomplete information can be transformed into an equivalent normal form game with complete information. The fundamental notions such Nash equilibria (pure and mixed) and secure strategies are in bijection in both frameworks. This representation result is a qualitative counterpart of Harsanyi results about the representation of Bayesian games by normal form games under complete information. It is more of a representation result than the premise of a solving tool. We show that deciding whether a pure Nash equilibrium exists in a PI-game is a difficult task (NP-hard) and propose a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) encoding of this problem. We also propose a polynomial-time algorithm to find a secure strategy in a PI-game and show that a possibilistic mixed equilibrium can be computed in polynomial time (w.r.t., the size of the game), which contrasts with probabilistic mixed equilibrium computation in cardinal game theory. To confirm the feasibility of the MILP formulation and the polynomial-time algorithms, we introduce a novel generator for PI-games based on the well-known standard normal form game generator: GAMUT. Representing a PI-game in standard normal form requires an extensive expression of the utility functions and the possibility distribution on the product spaces of actions and types. This is the concern of the second part of this thesis where we propose a less costly view of PI-games, namely min-based polymatrix PI-games, which allows to concisely specify PI-games with local interactions, i.e., the interactions between players are pairwise and the utility of a player depends on her neighbors and not on all other players in the PI-game. This framework allows, for instance, the compact representation of coordination games under uncertainty where the satisfaction of a player is high if and only if her strategy is coherent with all of her neighbors, the game being possibly only incompletely known to the players. We show that any 2- player PI-game can be transformed into an equivalent min-based polymatrix game. This result is the qualitative counterpart of Howson and Rosenthal's theorem linking Bayesian games to polymatrix games. Furthermore, as soon as a simple condition on the coherence of the players' knowledge about the world is satisfied, any polymatrix PI-game can be transformed in polynomial time into an equivalent min-based and complete information polymatrix game. We show that the existence of a pure Nash equilibrium in a polymatrix PI-game is an NP-complete problem but no harder than deciding the existence of a pure Nash equilibrium in a PI-game. Finally, we show that the latter family of games can be solved through a MILP formulation. We introduce a novel generator for min-based polymatrix PI-games based on the PI-game generator. Experiments confirm the feasibility of this approach
Alric, Matthieu. "Conception et modélisation modulaire d'un robot bio-inspiré extensible pour l'accès aux tumeurs dans le cerveau." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724718.
Full textChadebec, Olivier. "Modélisation du champ magnétique induit par des tôles - identification de l'aimantation - Application à l'immunisation en boucle fermée d'une coque ferromagnétique." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010342.
Full textMenhour, Lghani. "Synthèse de commandes au volant d'une automobile pour le diagnostic de rupture d'un itinéraire : développement et validation expérimentale." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1915.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop control laws and road bank angle estimation, for the diagnosis of critical situations, this application is known as "Itinerary Rupture DIagnosis", which aims to evaluate the physical limits of a vehicle negotiating a bend, these limits are highlighted when the vehicle operating in the non-linear areas. The exploration to the limit dynamic requires a realistic model of a real vehicle. The first step of this work, is to design linear and non linear control laws, to extrapolate the behaviour of the vehicle model. Several control laws are proposed and validated, some of them control the vehicle via the steering angle, further at the same time control the vehicle via the steering torque and the wheel traction torque. The second step is dedicated for the estimation of the road bank angle using an unknown input sliding mode observer, this in order to make the trajectory more realistic and take into account the effects of this angle on the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle. The third step presents the speed extrapolation tests, starting from a normal driving situation, towards a virtual loss of control, this extrapolation is performed using several instances of a dynamic model run with incremented speeds, these models are controlled by control laws and coupled with road bank angle observer. The last step is devoted to the study and analysis of extrapolated output models, using detection criteria on the limit vehicle dynamics. This phase will allow the detection of dangerous situations and/or save them in the accident road databases. This study provides an important experimental validation phases of the vehicle models, control laws and observer. This validation is performed using experimental data acquired by prototype vehicle Peugeot 307 developed by INRETS-MA, and the bank angle experimental data of the two vehicles VANI and PALAS2. This work led to the design of modules (commands and observer) operating in real time
Bornard, Jean-Charles. "Développement d'un modèle du conducteur automobile : De la modélisation cognitive à la simulation numérique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779706.
Full textKherroubi, Zine el abidine. "Novel off-board decision-making strategy for connected and autonomous vehicles (Use case highway : on-ramp merging)." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1331.
Full textMerging in the highway on-ramp is a significant challenge toward realizing fully automated driving (level 4 of autonomous driving). The combination of communication technology and autonomous driving technology, which underpins the notion of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), may improve greatly safety performances when performing highway on-ramp merging. However, even with the emergence of CAVs vehicles, some keys constraints should be considered to achieve a safe on-ramp merging. First, human-driven vehicles will still be present on the road, and it may take decades before all the commercialized vehicles will be fully autonomous and connected. Also, on-board vehicle sensors may provide inaccurate or incomplete data due to sensors limitations and blind spots, especially in such critical situations. To resolve these issues, the present thesis introduces a novel solution that uses an off-board Road-Side Unit (RSU) to realize fully automated highway on-ramp merging for connected and automated vehicles. Our proposed approach is based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict drivers’ intentions. This prediction is used as an input state to a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent that outputs the longitudinal acceleration for the merging vehicle. To achieve this, we first show how the road-side unit may be used to enhance perception in the on-ramp zone. We then propose a driver intention model that can predict the behavior of the human-driven vehicles in the main highway lane, with 99% accuracy. We use the output of this model as an input state to train a Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients (TD3) agent that learns « safe » and « cooperative » driving policy to perform highway on-ramp merging. We show that our proposed decision-making strategy improves performance compared to the solutions proposed previously
Mesbahi, Tedjani. "Influence des stratégies de gestion d’une source hybride de véhicule électrique sur son dimensionnement et sa durée de vie par intégration d’un modèle multi-physique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECLI0004/document.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the improvement of hybrid embedded source performances supplies an electric vehicle. The studied solution is composed of Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors hybridization, with an aim to achieve improved performances in terms of weight and lifetime over traditional solutions. Our main goal is to take the best advantage of new energy management strategies of the hybrid embedded source and quantify obtained improvements. A multi-physic model including electric, thermal and aging behaviors is developed and integrated into the algorithm of energy management in order to evaluate the gradual degradation of storage components performances during driving cycles and implemented control strategy. New energy management strategies intended to act on the lifetime of hybrid embedded source have been evaluated. Their impact on the performances of the source in terms of weight, cost and lifetime has been quantified and clearly shows that it is possible to make better use of hybrid embedded source thanks to a good power sharing, thus opening the way to new approaches of energy management for these systems
Kafafy, Ahmed. "Hybrid Evolutionary Metaheuristics for Multiobjective Decision Support." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10184/document.
Full textMany real-world decision making problems consist of several conflicting objectives, the solutions of which is called the Pareto-optimal set. Hybrid metaheuristics proved their efficiency in solving these problems. They tend to enhance search capabilities by incorporating different metaheuristics. Thus, we are concerned with developing new hybrid schemes by incorporating different strategies with exploiting the pros and avoiding the drawback of the original ones. First, HEMH is proposed in which the search process includes two phases DMGRASP obtains an initial set of efficient solutions in the 1st phase. Then, greedy randomized path-relinking with local search or reproduction operators explore the non-visited regions. The efficient solutions explored over the search are collected. Second, a comparative study is developed to study the hybridization of different metaheuristics with MOEA/D. The 1st proposal combines adaptive discrete differential Evolution with MOEA/D. The 2nd combines greedy path-relinking with MOEA/D. The 3rd and the 4th proposals combine both of them in MOEA/D. Third, an improved version of HEMH is presented. HEMH2 uses inverse greedy to build its initial population. Then, differential evolution and path-relink improves these solutions by investigating the non-visited regions in the search space. Also, Pareto adaptive epsilon concept controls the archiving process. Motivated by the obtained results, HESSA is proposed to solve continuous problems. It adopts a pool of search strategies, each of which has a specified success ratio. A new offspring is generated using a randomly selected one. Then, the success ratios are adapted according to the success of the generated offspring. The efficient solutions are collected to act as global guides. The proposed algorithms are verified against the state of the art MOEAs using a set of instances from literature. Results indicate that all proposals are competitive and represent viable alternatives