Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratégies d'ajustement'
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Brunel, Olivier. "Les stratégies d'ajustement au risque alimentaire : modèle théorique et test empirique." Lyon 3, 2002. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2002_out_brunel_o.pdf.
Full textZenab, Hamat. "Les entreprises porcines face à l'écoconditionnalité : une étude exploratoire des stratégies d'ajustement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23934/23934.pdf.
Full textCocu, Delphine. "Stress compétitif et réponses émotionnelles des handballeuses : rôle et importance des stratégies d'ajustement." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0023.
Full textThis work is about the relations between coping and emotions during female handball competitions. It relies on the articulation of the stress patterns through the transactional approach and the theory of reversal. To identify and understand the coping strategies in the specific field of sports, this study wishes to focus on and to bring to the fore, the effects of the contextual variables (appreciated stakes) and individual (dominance telic; hypnotic strategy) on the cognitivo-emotional process as well as on the emotions. All the results show that while competing, coping is linked to emotional responses; coping and/or emotion are under the effect of both individual and contextual variables. Coping which is centred on the problem seems to have positive consequences in terms of collective performance and it can be made easier through the high intensities of the appreciated stakes
Gaillot, Anne-Claire. "Détresse émotionnelle, stratégies d'ajustement, qualité de vie : étude du changement dans le contexte de la santé." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20029.
Full textThis first part of this PHD described the context of the partnership between the university and a private hospital "CPA ". The second and third parts focus on the structure analysis of 2 questionnaires: one the "CSQ" who evaluate the coping strategies used by operated and cancer patients, and the other the "NHP" who evaluate the quality of life of operated patients. The purpose for each part is to study the factorial structure of the questionnaire, to obtain a short form keeping the psychological interest. We used linear and non-linear factorial analysis and the Lisrel, M-Plus, Testfact, and Bilog logiciels. The fourth and major part focus on the evolution the interaction of psychological variables (anxiety, depression, quality of life, social support, coping, control) during chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer. The anxiety, and the coping strategies "Distraction" and "Catastrophizing" take a major place in the comprehension of the interaction. The results are discussed from the literature viewpoint
Quintard, Bruno. "Psychologie de la santé et cancer : les stratégies d'ajustement aux stresseurs hospitaliers chez le sujet pneumonectomisé." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR21008.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to describe the different coping strategies used by 68 pneumonectomized cancer subjects, assessed in post-operative period. Our conceptual model comes from health psychology ; this model, recently appeared in France, emphasizes the role of diverse processes (perceived stress, perceived control), perceived social support and coping strategies) which can moderate (facilitate or restrain) subjects' adjustment to hospital stressors (illness, surgery, medical care). After a thematic analysis of 20 semi-directive interviews, 33 different perceptive cognitive, emotional and behavioral reactions to hospital stressors have been highlighted. Two questionnaires assessing state and trait anxiety and corporal satisfaction, and a projective test (z of Zulliger) complete our protocol (54 items). Two general strategies (vigilant avoidant ; aggressivity depression) and five specific coping strategies (negative affectivity ; helplessness ; reactions focused surgery ; external causality, social support perceived as unsatisfactory) have been obtained after acp and factorial analysis with varimax rotations. Vigilance only significantly predicts somatic non-adjustment at the end of hospitalization. Others significant results have been obtained, which emphasize the specificity of coping strategies in cancer subjects, in comparison with control groups (hospitalized non-cancer subjects)
Rivière, Audrey. "Tensions de rôle et stratégies d'ajustement chez les cadres de santé : une étude empirique à l'hôpital public." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20104/document.
Full textOver the past three decades, the modernization of the hospital sector has given rise to a new way of organizing the activity and a new distribution of power in hospitals. New management methods have been transposed from the private sector with the aim to improve and modernize the public sector action. However, the objectives of these two sectors are not the same: satisfaction of the public interest for one of them and profitability for the other one. This difference can be beneficial (emulation in link with competition, substantial savings), but also a source of resistance and stress. This new public management destabilizes the different hospital actors who must respond, in the same time, to the principles of public service and to the economic logics of performance. In this context, role stresses can they develop for caregivers? This research is particularly concerned with the different strategies used by the healthcare managers to cope with this kind of potential role stresses. Different changes implemented with the new public management in hospitals, have modified the role and functions of healthcare managers who are henceforth at the interface between a culture of care and a management culture. This research comprises an exploratory study conducted among 15 French healthcare managers in a public hospital and a confirmatory survey conducted among 445 French healthcare managers in 39 public hospitals. The results show that the healthcare managers are in a delicate position that raises different type of daily role stresses. Strategies used by healthcare managers to cope with these role stresses have been also identified
Tastet, Sandrine. "Approche biopsychosociale des cancers du sein : stratégies d'ajustement et immunocompétence : une étude semi-prospective d'une cohorte de 85 patientes." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR2A002.
Full textA 12-month semi-prospective study was carried out on a sample of 85 patients receiving neo-adjuvant chematherapy treatment. Some psychosocial factors (e. G. Psychological, sociobiographic, medical and immunological antecedents) were mesured before diagnosis of breast cancer (T1). Some transactionnal processus were assessed ten days (T2) and 3 months after diagnosis (T3). . . (etc. )
Saintives, Camille. "La culpabilité post-consommation : un modèle de ses effets sur les stratégies d'ajustement et la satisfaction envers la consommation." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIME004.
Full text"This dissertation develops and tests a model explaining the antecedents of post-consumption guilt and its effects on satisfaction and repurchase intention. On the basis of a qualitative study and two experiments, this doctoral dissertation identifies self-esteem, guilt proneness, gender and situational control as antecedents of post-consumption guilt. This work also identifies the mediating role of coping strategies in the effect of guilt on satisfaction, these coping strategies being moderated by the antecedents of guilt. Finally, the last contribution of this doctoral dissertation lies in a coping strategies-based typology which identifies four clusters of consumers reacting in different ways to guilt."
Tazopoulou, Eva. "Évaluation de la qualité de vie subjective après un traumatisme crânien : relation entre qualité de vie, psychopatholagie, stratégies d'ajustement et reconstruction identitaire." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/145516857#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden traumatic event which generally concerns young adults. After the accident and their exit from the hospital, the injured experience a true rupture of their life. In the most severe brain injuries, they present disabilities like physical disorders, but it is the handicap known as "hidden (invisible)" that causes the more difficulties in their daily lives. This research relates to the study of the subjective quality of life of the brain-injured, evaluated by an international scale - the QOLIBRI - specific to the brain injury. Our main objective consists in studying, on one hand, the quality of life evaluated by the QOLIBRI in its validated French version and, on the other hand, its correlations with the psychopathological state of the injured, the coping strategies to the handicap and the identity rebuilding. The secondary objective is to propose an operating model of psychotherapy of the brain-injured. The present research makes it possible to point out the bonds between subjective quality of life, psychopathology (depression, anxiety, alexithymy, anosognosy, decline of self-esteem), coping strategies and psychotherapy. The absence of emotional disorders, the choice of adaptive and effective coping strategies, as well as psychotherapy, are factors which have a positive impact on the subjective quality of life of the injured and the identity rebuilding of those
Hartmann, Anne. "Étude longitudinale de la qualité de vie et des stratégies d'ajustement des patientes avec un cancer du sein et de leur « accompagnant-référent »." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267588.
Full textLopez-Vazquez, Esperanza. "Perception du risque, stress et stratégies d'ajustement des sujets en situation de risque de catastrophe naturelle ou industrielle : approche d'une psychologie sociale du risque." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20097.
Full textLas catástrofes naturales y tecnológicas preocupan nuestras sociedades en todos los niveles (económico, político, social, psicológico) pues éstas son generadoras de perturbaciones capaces de dañar a poblaciones en grande escala. Nuestra investigación, tomando en cuenta diferentes teorías psicosociales y de otras disciplinas cercanas, se fundamenta en el estudio de las consecuencias psicológicas de la exposición a riesgos mayores de poblaciones que han vivido la experiencia de una catástrofe. Es el caso de los habitantes de San Juan Ixhuatepec y de la ciudad de México quienes han conocido un desastre industrial o natural (terremoto) respectivamente. Frente a estas situaciones extremas potencialmente generadoras de estrés, el sujeto debe establecer mecanismos que le permitirán defenderse contra la agresión física y psicológica experimentada. Diferentes estrategias de ajuste pueden ser utilizadas con este fin y el intercambio sujeto-entorno se establecerá siempre de manera dinámica. Se trata de un proceso complejo en el cual las evaluaciones del sujeto intervendrán en el desarrollo de las respuestas de estrés. Estas reacciones no se generarán únicamente en función del agente agresor, otros procesos complejos, tales como la percepción de riesgos, van a intervenir. Suponemos la existencia de una variabilidad entre nuestras dos poblaciones sometidas a dos riesgos extremos diferentes con respecto al nivel de estrés desarrollado y el tipo de estrategias de ajuste utilizadas. La percepción de riesgo, considerando las particularidades de los dos grupos será igualmente diferente, ésta influenciará las respuestas de estrés y de afrontamiento (coping). Los 206 sujetos que hemos entrevistado respondieron a dos escalas: una de coping adaptada (Escala Tolosana de coping) y una de estrés (Escala Tolosana de estrés), además de un cuestionario sobre la percepción de riesgos. Nuestros resultados confirman nuestra hipótesis de variabilidad entre los procesos que se ponen en juego en las reacciones de los sujetos. La relación estrés-estrategias pasivas se distingue en todos nuestros resultados e impide en general la anticipación de los hechos y el afrontamiento directo. El modelo de la percepción de riesgo que proponemos nos permite darnos cuenta de la influencia de las evaluaciones de esta percepción en las respuestas dadas frente el peligro. Estos resultados merecerían investigaciones complementarias que puedan aportar elementos de reflexión para la realización de proyectos sociales de prevención, de tratamiento de riesgos del medio ambiente y des riesgos psicológicos
Natural and technological catastrophes worry our societies in all levels (economical, political, social, psychological) because of disturbances concerning populations in a big scale they generates. Our research taking in account psycho-sociological theories and some others ones in closer disciplines, studies the psychological consequences of people exposed to majors risks in populations who have already lived a catastrophe situation. That is the case of San Juan Ixhuatepec and Mexico City who have experienced an industrial and a natural (earthquake) disaster. Facing these extreme situations that potentially generate stress reactions, individuals have to use defensive mechanisms against physical and psychological aggression. Different coping strategies can be used in this goal and individuals-environmental exchanges will be always dynamic. We are talking about a complex process where evaluations take part in the development of stress responses. Nevertheless these reactions are not only in function of the aggression agent, other complex processes, like risk perception, will take part. We suppose variability between our two populations exposed to two different extreme risks concerning the stress level developed and the coping strategies used. Risk perception, considering two groups particularities, is different and it will influence stress and coping responses. The 206 persons we interviewed answered to two scales (Coping scale of Toulouse adapted and Stress scale of Toulouse) and a risk perception questionnaire. Our results confirm our hypothesis of variability in process of individuals' responses. The relationship of stress-passive strategies outstanding in most of our results obstructs in general anticipation of facts and direct coping. Risk perception model we propose influences evaluations of this perception in responses to danger. Those results deserve to be continued in complementary researches that can be able to participate in prevention social projects and in treatment of environment risks and psychological risks
Boucher, Ronald. "Les stratégies d'adaptation par l'innovation micro sociale." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EVRY0039.
Full textThe thesis aims to draw a parallel between the situation exposed by RK Merton and the adaptation modes of individuals in American society and that of actors in a smaller organization in a situational context of integration of information systems in this "micro society".Thus, to demonstrate that in a given situation, of adherence to the goals by the actors without the means given by the organization, the individual responds with a strategy of adaptation through innovation in a micro social environment - the company - as it does in a macro social environment such as American society.The results of the study made it possible to observe eight types of dysfunction in three categories of noise for which the actors adopted adaptation strategies through micro social innovation.- Technical malfunctions:o the pretexts of dysfunctions,o malfunctions due to interfacing problem,o dysfunctions by saturation.- Organizational dysfunctions:o by saturation,o by non-ergonomicso by constraints of the actors.- Semantic dysfunctions:o dysfunctions due to lack of trainingo by sub-universeThese eight types of dysfunction resulting from ICT are treated by the actors of the organizations by developing adaptation strategies through innovation in the same spirit as in the study of Merton (adherence to the goal without having the means) by finding solutions specific to the context of dysfunctional organizations and ICTs
Aguerre, Colette. "Rôle de la personnalité, des facteurs socio-biographiques, et des stratégies d'ajustement sur l'évolution de la polyarthrite rhumathoïde : une étude semi-prospective en psychologie de la santé." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21006.
Full textRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic disease with no known cause or cure that typically follows an unpredictable course. RA is characterized by pain and progressive disability. We present a brief summary of the medical aspects of RA. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the literature related to the role of psychological variables in the onset and the evolution of RA. The potential role of stress is also critically discussed. Because the course of disease is unpredictable, with disease exacerbations and remissions, many RA persons exhibit the signs of learned helplessness after repeated flare-ups of their condition. Perceived ability to control some aspects of RA (self-efficacy) is correlated with a best adjustment. On the other hand, we examine the important role that coping plays in RA. We conclude that it is useful to consider the general model of health and illness that forms the basis for much health psychology research. Our aim is to determine the relationships of several psychological variables (perceived control, social support, coping) on adjustment to RA. The sample comprised 60 people with RA, who had a mean age of 57 years (range 22 to 78 years) and a mean disease duration of less 3 years. Data were collected by questionnaires (french versions): the arthritis self-efficacy scale (Lorig, 1989), the arthritis helplessness index (Nicassio & al. , 1985), the London coping with RA questionnaire (Newman, 1990). RA adjustment was assessed by objective measures of RA activity (total number of painful and inflamed joints, rheumatoid factor,. . . . ), and by the short form of the arthritis impact measurement scale 2 (french version of the aims2-sf: Guillemin & al. , 1997). Factor analyses of the french coping questionnaire clearly identified three factors: helplessness, problem focused coping, and avoidance. Avoidance predicts better emotional adjustment (15 months ago). Some lines of future researches will be also exposed
Sarlon, Emmanuelle. "Stratégies palliatives à la non-randomisation en santé mentale : score de propension et techniques d'ajustement apparentées. Méthodologie appliquée à la prise en compte des facteurs de confusion dans le cas de la schizophrénie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934619.
Full textSprimont, Pierre-Antoine. "Contrôle et performances des forces de vente : une analyse en termes d'ajustements stratégiques et contextuels." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50374-2003-9.pdf.
Full textVerdot, Charlotte. "Influence de la pratique physique sur la qualité de vie en prison : de l'utilisation des activités physiques et sportives comme stratégie d'ajustement spécifique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00312044.
Full textAzi, Safia. "La santé psychologique chez les étudiants tunisiens : entre accomplissement personnel et contraintes de la vie universitaire." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC021.
Full textOur thesis focuses on the assessment of the psychological health of first-time Tunisian students and the psychosocial factors that can impact their health. Our study is descriptive, prospective, correlational and regressive.The data indicate that 42.7% of the students questioned show signs of psychological distress. Our results reveal that several factors are associated with this distress in a statistically significant way, namely the socioeconomic level of the students, the choice of the research, undergone or chosen, the satisfaction of social support and the conditions of accommodation on Campus University. Certain transactional factors aresignificantly correlated with our dependent variable "psychological health", namely perceived stress and adjustment strategies and with certain personality factors such as self-esteem, neuroticism and hope. Multiple regression analyses indicate that self-esteem and neuroticism account for 31% and 7% of the variance in psychological health, respectively. The results of this longitudinal study show improvement in the general state of health of the students questioned during the second moment of the study, with a statistically significant impact of the factors of self-esteem and coping centered on the resolution of problems and hope
"Les entreprises porcines face à l'écoconditionnalité : une étude exploratoire des stratégies d'ajustement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23934/23934.pdf.
Full textCantave, Yamiley Christina. "Impact of Maltreatment on Depressive Symptoms in Emerging Male Adults : the Mediating and Moderating Role of Coping Strategies and Cortisol Stress Response." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20087.
Full textGarceau-Brodeur, Marie-Hélène. "Rôle des représentations sociales du VIH/SIDA et des stratégies d'ajustement dans l'élaboration des scénarios amoureux/affectifs, sexuels/préventifs et liés aux projets d'avenir parmi des préadolescents et adolescents infectés depuis leur naissance." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/907/1/M10114.pdf.
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