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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Strategies in Chronic Pain Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7000.
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Jansaithong, Jarassri. "Northern Thai school-aged children pain experience : pain descriptions and pain management strategies /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7184.
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Walters, Geraldine. "Strategies for dealing with pre-hospital cardiac arrest in London." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305057.
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Sedgwick, Whitney A. (Whitney Ann). "Cognitive pain coping strategies of rowers." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35223.
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This study investigated rowers' cognitive pain coping strategies during a 2,000 metre ergometer race. The concepts of association and dissociation were expanded upon by devising five thought categories: performance dissociation (PerfD), pain association (PaA), pain dissociation (PaD), psychological performance association (PsyA), and technical performance association (TechA). Sixteen rowers, five males and eleven females, between the ages of 19 and 27 years, rowed at maximum intensity for four race segments of 500 m, 1,000 m, and 2,000 m on separate occasions. A forty-one item Thoughts During Rowing Questionnaire was administered upon completion of each distance. Subjects' average thought category scores were analyzed by a 4 x 5 (Distance x Thought category) MANOVA. Results indicated significant (p $<$.005) effects for distance and thought category, and an interaction. Results suggest that while racing, rowers rarely dissociate from their performances. As pain awareness rises, rowers dissociate from pain and associate with the psychological or technical aspects of their performances.
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Choinière, Manon. "Acute and chronic pain in hemophilia : characteristic pain patterns and coping strategies." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74012.
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Ferguson, Brenda Leigh. "Coping strategies of chronic and acute pain patients: Clinical and experimental pain." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5682.
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The present investigation sought to investigate the coping strategies of chronic pain, acute pain patients and pain-free controls in three areas: (1) Clinical pain; (2) Experimental acute pain and (3) Non-pain stressors. Clinical pain coping strategies were assessed with the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ) while coping with a non-pain stressor was assessed by the Ways of Coping. Experimental acute pain was induced with a pressure pain device. Pain tolerance and pain ratings were taken. Following the acute-pain induction procedure, each subject's cognitions were scored and rated for the presence of two types of cognitions: catastrophizing and non-catastrophizing. The results indicated that non-catastrophizers kept their finger in the pain apparatus longer and rated the sensations as less painful. No significant differences however, were found among the three groups with respect to pain tolerance, pain ratings or cognitive style. The chronic pain group scored higher than the control group on a subscale measuring catastrophizing strategies. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Wallace, Jenna. "Chronic Pain Management: Implementing Best Practice Strategies." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25924.
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The purpose of this project was to improve the monitoring of chronic pain patients at a rural primary care clinic by creating and implementing a chronic pain flow sheet and pain visit template within the electronic health record. These evidence-based tools were developed using published guidelines regarding the monitoring of chronic pain patients. The clinic has three providers, one physician and two advanced practice providers, and provides primary care along with an extensive amount of chronic pain management. An initial survey was performed on the three providers via a questionnaire along with open discussion regarding their current chronic pain management practice. All providers reported treating chronic pain patients was difficult and the electronic health record was currently not user-friendly when monitoring chronic pain patients. The flow sheet and pain visit template was designed by the project leader (writer) and created by the Computer Information Systems (CIS) department. Once it was created, an initial chart review and flow sheet implementation was performed on a sample population of adult chronic pain patients at the clinic. Providers were educated on the available flow sheet along with the pain visit template available for use. A six-month chart review was conducted to evaluate the project and determined how the flow sheet and template were utilized. A post-implementation survey, similar to the initial questionnaire, was also dispensed and analyzed. Results indicate providers do plan to use the designed monitoring tools but there were some barriers standing in the way of consistent use. The chart review found an increase in presence of pain contracts signed and filed within the last year, but a decrease in the presence of a pain visit within the last four months, urine drug screen within the last six months, and the prescription drug monitoring program checked within the last six months.
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Robinson, Grace Darling. "Administrator views of, and strategies for dealing with, conflicts involving new Canadians." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0023/NQ50019.pdf.
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Bin, Shawiah F. F. "Risk management strategies for dealing with unpredictable risk in Saudi Arabian organisations." Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/41318/.
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From time to time, large numbers of organisations of all types and sizes throughout the world suffer from large destruction, either as a direct or an indirect consequence of events triggered by Unpredictable Risk (UR); hence, potentially impacting upon the existence of the organisations affected. UR is a risk that occurs at a considerably low-frequency, is sudden, and carries high-impact, due to its low frequency is often considered as the “unknown unknowns”. The aim of this study is to develop a set of guidelines to enable Saudi Arabian Organisations to improve upon their robustness and resilience in the event of URs. To achieve this aim, this study reviewed and examined relevant literature on UR, its philosophies and practice in order to determine the level of understanding of concepts and characteristics of UR. Another objective integral to achieving the research aim is the critical examination of significance and effectiveness of risk management strategies in enhancing robustness and resilience of organisations in managing UR in Saudi Arabia. Impacts of UR identified in existing literature and engagement with experts in Saudi revealed that UR can be severe, extreme and of low frequency, and negatively impact organisations and the society where they occur. Secondary data collected through existing literature on UR, crisis and risk management, indicated that capacity to deal with URs require a combined strategy. The primary data sources which included semi-structured interview with thirteen experts and directors in Saudi Arabia and two focus group sessions with middle level, experienced practitioners in public and private sectors in Saudi, confirmed that there is low knowledge level on the significance and effectiveness of resilience, robustness and risk management strategies in mitigating the impacts of URs in organisations in Saudi Arabia. The research findings led to the development of set of guidelines that can inform practice and management of URs in Saudi Arabian organisations. The result also informed recommendations for future research in this subject area; thereby encouraging further investigation into main findings of this research. Thus, this research contributes to both academic and practice field of UR, crisis and risk management, especially by emphasising the need to improve organisational capacity, resilience and robustness for dealing with future UR events.
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Chen, Qiaoran, and Yu Wang. "Intervention strategies used by University of Gavle when dealing with alcohol problems." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24069.
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This study aims at exploring the intervention strategies directed to reduce alcohol drinking in Hogskolan in Gavle. Although many students consume alcohol in different settings such as parties and gathering, few of them can understand the whole picture of the school’s intervention strategies. As shown by the research, the social workers in health center attempt to form a collective relationship with students and use the open-ended questions when conducting the counseling. Meanwhile, the employees who are responsible for school bar not only try to create a safer environment based on Responsible Alcohol Drinking but also apply prevention strategies including a high alcohol price and a long waiting line. According to the overall situation in the community, a meeting has been organized among different sectors regarding health center, student union, and municipalities. The topics of the meetings are not only about the current situation in this region but also about the cooperative strategies of each sector. To take a closer look at the school’s alcohol methods, we interviewed two social workers at the health center as well as two employees in the students’ union who are mainly responsible for school bar.
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Gerber, Ora. "Curiosity, exploration, and strategies for dealing with uncertainty amongst psychologists-in-training." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1238.
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By adopting a positive psychology framework, the aim of this study was to explore and describe the level of curiosity and exploration amongst psychologists-in-training, and how they dealt with uncertainty in the context of their professional development. A mixed-method exploratory-descriptive research design was employed to collect the quantitative data by means of the Curiosity and Exploratory Inventory. The qualitative data were collected using semistructured interviews to explore how psychologists-in-training have dealt with uncertainty. Purposive-availability sampling was used to select the participants at three South African universities. A total number of 50 participants completed the CEI and six participants were interviewed. The data were analysed using mixed-method data analysis. It was found that participants had moderate-to-high levels of curiosity and exploration, with higher levels of exploration than absorption. The majority of participants reported that they actively sought as much information as they could and frequently looked for new opportunities to grow as persons. The strategies used by the selected group of participants to deal with uncertainty included: reliance on clinical supervision; consultation with peers; self-enhancement; reliance on theory; learning from practical experience; using certain cognitive appraisals; and self-care. Certain conclusions and recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.
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Legeby, Mariann. "Opioid reducing strategies in post-operative pain management /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7357-016-8/.
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Thompson, Trevor. "Anxiety sensitivity, gender, coping strategies and pain perception." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435511.
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Vingelis, Geraldine Elizabeth. "Assessing pain management strategies with the TFA model." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38550.
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Hinnant, Donald Wayne. "Cognitive Coping Strategies with Chronic Back Pain Patients." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331556/.
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Low back pain has long been estimated to be the most prevalent and debilitating source of chronic pain. The present study first reviews the literature addressing the various theories of pain, the physiological and psychological variables important in pain research, and the psychotherapeutic approaches that have been used to date to reduce pain. Thirty-seven hospitalized chronic back pain patients were administered the cold-pressor test and a medical pain stimulus procedure which was medically relevant to their back pathology. A card-sort method was utilized in order to assess the coping strategies employed by the patients during these two pain stimulus tasks. These procedures were repeated following treatment. Coping strategies used by patients during the two pain tasks were compared. Results demonstrated that there was a significant difference in the manner in which patients coped with the two types of pain. Cold-pressor measures of pain threshold and tolerance were not significantly different between pretreatment and post-treatment. These measures were also not positively correlated with treatment outcome. A multiple regression approach demonstrated that particular coping strategies were significantly predictive of treatment outcome. The medical pain stimulus procedure was found to provide more significant pedictor variables than the cold-pressor test. At pre-treatment assessment, patients who relied on dramatized coping strategies were less likely to be successful in treatment. Breathing activity and pain acknowledgement were positive coping techniques highly predictive of successful outcome in this study. The use of computers for assessment and other recommendations for future research were discussed.
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Kirk, Catharine Rose. "Healing pain : dealing with the impact of therapeutic work with clients who have been sexually abused." Thesis, Keele University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301328.
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Thrift, Su. "Pain beliefs and coping strategies of people with mild/moderate learning disabilities in chronic pain." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34695.
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It has been shown that pain beliefs and coping strategies, identified by the adult and child pain literatures, play a mediating role in the experience of chronic pain. Certain pain beliefs have been linked to negative outcomes such as increased levels of disability or psychological distress, and can influence the success of pain interventions. Differences between the pain beliefs and coping strategies of adults and children have been attributed to various factors (eg cognitive developmental level). Some of these factors are also relevant for people with learning disabilities. However, there has been no research into the pain beliefs and coping strategies of this population. This is due, in part, to beliefs that people with learning disabilities do not, or cannot experience pain. This study aims to use in-depth interviews and a Grounded Theory Approach to explore the pain beliefs and coping strategies of eight adults with mild/moderate learning disabilities who experience chronic pain associated with Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis. The analysis identified various pain beliefs and coping strategies which were compared to those identified in the adult/child literatures. Differences and similarities, and the factors/processes involved in these are discussed. Many of these are associated with the wider experience of having a learning disability (e.g. level of understanding, power or reliance, being different and being taken seriously). Most important is the finding that many of the participants experienced that others, whom they needed to acknowledge that they are in pain, did not or were not able to, further adding to the distress the participants experienced. Possible reasons for this are discussed. Clinical implications of these findings include the need for appropriately tailored pain assessments and interventions for people with learning disabilities, and support for staff/carers/professionals to acknowledge and respond appropriately to the pain of people with learning disabilities. Some suggestions on the implementation of this are given.
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Wolter, Ulrike Tina Barbara. "Multidimensional scaling analysis of coping strategies for chronic pain." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1054913618.
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Lei, Meng-Na. "Dealing with the problem of bullying in Taiwanese primary schools : teachers' attitudes and strategies." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397007.
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Bemis, Lola, Bonita Harper, and Sima Molla-Hosseini. "Self-Management Strategies for Chronic Pain Reported in Population-Based Surveys: A Systematic Review." The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624027.
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Class of 2017 AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the types of management strategies reported by individuals with chronic pain to manage chronic pain, the average number of strategies used, outcomes, and side effects. Methods: To be included in the systematic review, reports of population surveys of adult patients with chronic pain, as defined by the authors, had to be published in English, include chronic pain from any cause, and include information on the treatment strategies used by respondents. Search terms included “pain,” “self-care,” “self management,” “self treatment,” and “adult” and the search strategy included systematic searches of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, searches of reference lists, and citation searches as well as key websites such as the CDC and NIH. Results: A total of 13 study reports were identified. Sample size ranged from 103 to 4839; mean age ranged from 42 to 81 and 51 to 69% female. All reports included information on medications used to manage pain; 6 reported other medical strategies; 9 reported physical strategies; 6 reported psychological strategies; and 11 reported non- medical strategies. Only 4 studies reported some data on the number of strategies used; one study reported 23% used 6 or more medications, another reported 51% used 3 or more strategies. Six studies reported some type of outcome; including inadequate control of pain (40%) or good relief (87%), and 36% as effective in a third study. Few side effects were reported; two studies reported constipation, nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: Population-based surveys of chronic pain have identified a large number of strategies used to manage pain, however they provide little information on the average number of strategies used, the effectiveness of the strategies, or resulting side effects.
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Eaves, Emery Rose. "TMD Revisited: Appreciating the Work of Illness, the Balancing of Risks, and the Construction of Moral Identity Involved in Dealing with Chronic Pain." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556810.
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Temporomandibular Disorder(s) (TMD), a common cause of chronic pain affecting the face and jaw, profoundly impacts interactions as fundamental to human existence as smiling, laughing, speaking, eating, and intimacy. Since landmark anthropological research on TMD in the 1990s, considerable changes have occurred in the way TMD is thought about and responded to. Knowledge about TMD among dentists and physicians has increased since publication of the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC-TMD), and a well-funded TMJ association now advocates for research and support of the condition. On the other hand, concerns in the medical world about increases in chronic pain and associated risks of misuse of pain medications have increased. Physicians are trained to perform a gatekeeper role, preventing those patients at-risk of becoming drug abusers from gaining access to opioid pain medications. These differing contextual factors and my focus on a group of participants drawn from a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) trial, rather than from a pain clinic, provide an expanded and updated view of TMD. I present analyses of semi-structured, open-ended interviews with 44 participants interviewed multiple times over the course of their participation in an NIH-funded trial evaluating Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for TMD. In contrast to earlier studies of participants who were consumed by an endless search for diagnosis and treatment, these participants were largely focused on coping and "just dealing with" the daily experience of severe pain. Three articles comprise the body of work presented in this dissertation. Topics include the Works of Illness, the Paradox of Hope, and the construction of moral identity through consumption of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. First, using a "works of illness" framework, I draw attention to the considerable work sufferers undertook to manage competing demands of social and physical risk imposed by chronic pain. I refer to these forms of work as the work of stoicism and the work of vigilance and identify double binds created in contexts that call for both. Multiple voices in the narratives of sufferers are highlighted as essential to the construction of a positive identity in the face of illness. In more in-depth exploration of the work of hope, hope is revealed as a fundamental and paradoxical aspect of autobiographical work. I describe multiple forms of hope in a typology of ways of hoping and raise as an issue the manner in which the paradox of hope--keeping hopes in check while also avoiding despair-- intersects with participant expectations in the trial. I suggest this may have an impact on the placebo effect. Trade-offs between physical harm reduction and reducing potential harm to one's identity produce narratives of harm justification as pain sufferers work to describe their use of OTC medications as minimal and responsible. Sufferers in this study, describing medications as "just over-the-counter" or "not real pain medication" distanced, themselves from association with the addictive potential of prescription pain medications. Participants avoided harm to their identities by consuming OTC pain medications as idioms of self-care. This case study provides important lessons about the experience of chronic pain in the USA. While much attention has been directed at overuse and addiction to pain medication, less has focused on the experience of those soldiering through pain and navigating paradoxes between social and physical demands. This study also directs attention to anthropology's potential contribution to drug trials, to the necessity of studying hope as well as expectations, and to how both impact the placebo response.
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Chavez, Ramon, Daniel Trinh, and de Dios Daniel Vergel. "Strategies Used by Pharmacists for the Self-Management of Acute and Chronic Pain: An On-Line Survey." The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624165.
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Class of 2017 AbstractObjectives: Specific Aim 1: Pharmacist will use pharmacological pain self-management strategies over non- pharmacological strategies. Specific Aim 2: Pharmacist pain self-management strategies will differ based on whether or not the pharmacist has chronic pain. Specific Aim 3: Pharmacist pain self-management strategies will differ across age. Specific Aim 4: Pharmacist pain self-management strategies will differ across gender. Methods: A survey was sent to all pharmacists with an email address registered with the State Board of Pharmacy in a single Southwestern state. The survey asked about characteristics of pain, strategies for managing pain, outcomes, and demographics. The primary outcome was severity of pain after treatment. Results: Responses were received from 417 pharmacists; 219 reported acute, 206 reported chronic pain, and 55 reported no pain. The chronic pain group was more likely to have a disability with poor/fair health status (P<0.006) and to report higher levels of pain before treatment (6.9 versus 5.8). Both groups reported similar relief from all strategies (76% versus 78% ; P equals 0.397), but the chronic pain group reported higher levels of pain after treatment (3.2 versus 2.0), less confidence in pain management, and less satisfaction (P less than 0.004). Conclusions: Age and gender did not affect the use of specific pain management strategies or the amount of pain relief received from all strategies used by participants with either acute or chronic pain. However, participants with chronic pain had higher levels of pain before and after treatment.
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Jaaniste, Tiina Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Attentional coping strategies in the management of pain in children." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Psychology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43384.
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The main purpose of this series of studies was to investigate the efficacy of attentional coping strategies in altering children's responses to a painful experience. After a review of the theoretical and empirical links between pain experience and attention, Studies 1-4 compared the efficacy of imagery-based strategies that focussed attention away from a painful experience (distraction) or towards a painful experience (sensory-focussing) on 7- to 14-year-old children??s responses to cold-pressor pain. Image calibration studies (Studies 1-2) ensured that the imagery interventions were matched for other important parameters including affect and vividness. Studies 3 and 4 found that imagery-based attentional coping strategies led to increased tolerance of cold-pressor pain relative to a no-treatment control. Study 3 found that younger children (7-9 years) had better pain outcomes when assigned to the distraction condition than the sensory-focussing condition. For older children (10-14 years) the efficacy of different attentional interventions depended on the degree to which the strategy matched the child's preferred use of distraction as a coping style, providing partial support for the congruence hypothesis. Studies 5-6 tested the novel hypothesis that provision of sensory information before a painful experience may enhance the efficacy of an attentional coping strategy such as distraction. In line with self-regulation theory, children who received preparatory sensory information as well as a distraction intervention showed longer pain tolerance, lower pain intensity ratings, and a trend towards less facial pain expressions than if they received either intervention alone. These findings are discussed in terms of key attentional theories, and theories of attentional development. Implications for theory, clinical practice and further research are also considered.
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Martinez, Geraldine. "Factors that Influence Implementation of Pain Management Strategies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1618.
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In the United States, 10% to 15% of newborns are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Painful procedures are unavoidable during NICU care; the neonate experiences approximately 12 painful procedures per day. Inconsistent and/or inappropriate pain management in the NICU remains a problem. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalent factors that influence the implementation of pain management strategies among nurses who work in a NICU setting in a Central Florida hospital. This study was conducted using a voluntary and anonymous electronic survey. The survey was divided into two sections; the first section designed to describe the sample, and the second section containing a Likert-type scale that assessed the nurses’ general pain knowledge, knowledge of pain assessment, and awareness of accepted pain management strategies. The survey was adapted from previously published research. Results indicate pain was more likely to be addressed when nurses collaborated closely with the attending physician. The majority of nurses were aware of current protocols for pain management on the unit but not all nurses agreed those protocols were adequate. Results also indicated pain assessment education is being provided in the NICU and the nurses feel confident in their skills to assess pain, however, not all nurses agreed that pain is being well managed in their unit. There appears to be a gap between the nurse’s knowledge/skill to assess pain and implementation of strategies to decrease pain. Although it is the nurse’s responsibility to prevent and treat newborn pain in the NICU, not all nurses agreed that newborn pain is well managed in their unit and some believe pain to be an unavoidable experience in the NICU. Nurse-physician collaboration is key to evidence based newborn pain management.B.S.N.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
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Wright, Michael R. (Michael Robert) 1966. "Strategies for dealing with instabilities in a complex, multi-project product development system engineering environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45501.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2003.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis evaluates the product development process from the perspective of a multiple gas turbine engine development programs. The risk to meeting cost and schedule requirements has increased solely due to squeezing budgets and schedule to fit the "better, faster, cheaper" mold. The thesis focuses on the further risks to cost and schedule of the gas turbine product development cycle that are caused by instabilities introduced by the cyclical nature of multiple product development programs completing the cycle and new ones starting. Market and business factors influence the numbers of cycles and can not be controlled. Workload and resource-usage are not stabile within multiple product development cycles. The analysis establishes an overview of the gas turbine engine, product development process, and project management techniques employed to deliver the product to the customer within cost and schedule constraints. The analysis then uses a risk causal framework to identify the issues that the process faces relative to the cost and schedule risk. The use of this framework identifies staffing issues to be one of the key drivers of cost and schedule risk. A systems dynamic model developed in a previous Systems Design and Management thesis was adapted to represent the product development process by adding structure and calibrating the model with realistic scenarios. The model evaluates the policies that can mitigate risks identified within the given process. Recommendations are provided within a framework that enables management to decide the appropriate use of the policies recommended
by Michael R. Wright.
S.M.
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Swartz, Deon Jude. "Supportive strategies for teachers and parents dealing with learners experiencing mild intellectual barriers to learning." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5065.
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Education support provision underwent a complete metamorphosis with the adoption of Education White Paper 6: Building an Inclusive Education and Training System in 2001. Within this new paradigm, learners who experience Mild intellectual barriers to learning are understood from a culture of inclusion and accommodation within mainstream education, alongside their non disabled peers. Another important development within Inclusive Education is the recognition of parents as important role-players in their children’s education. This bold transformation implies that teachers and parents need the necessary support from health professionals and support staff at District Based Support Teams (DBSTs) attached to the local Education Support Centres, in order for them to support their children who experience Mild intellectual barriers to learning. As a result of the radical overhaul of the education system to accommodate learners who experience Mild intellectual barriers to learning in mainstream schools, the main aim of the study is to establish the implications for teachers and parents who deal with such learners. The researcher employed a qualitative research design within an interpretive paradigm from a phenomenological perspective, in order to capture the organic richness of the participants’ perceived experiences with regards to the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher made use of a combination of convenience, judgement and purposive sampling. The sample group included teachers and parents from two primary schools who deal with learners who experience Mild intellectual barriers to learning. The learners had previously been assessed psychometrically by Educational Psychologists and identified as fulfilling the criteria for Mild intellectual barriers to learning. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and separate interview schedules were drafted for teachers and parents. Data was analysed using Tesch’s eight step data analysis procedure to identify common themes which emerged from the participants’ responses. The findings of the research indicated teachers and parents had different perceptions about their roles in regards to the children whose learning they support. It also indicated that teachers experience challenges in their attempts to support their learners who experience Mild intellectual barriers in their classes, and with understanding the philosophy of Inclusive education. Furthermore, both parents and teachers experience a lack of support from health professionals and Inclusive Education specialists at the DBSTs within Bronfenbrenner’s eco-systemic framework, which formed the theoretical foundation for this study. Consequently, strategies to support teachers and parents to address these challenges were proposed.
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Butler, Robert Walker. "The development of an experimental inventory for the identification of cognitive strategies for coping with acute pain /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261553058949.
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Wilson, Michael W. "Perceived stress, pain coping strategies, pain interference, and social support mediators and moderators of depression in a spinal cord injury sample with chronic pain /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/wilson.pdf.
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Parker, Helen. "The impact of beliefs about pain, self-efficacy beliefs and coping strategies in psycological adjustment of chronic pain in back pain and diabetic neuropathy." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262747.
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MacLaren, Jill E. "A comparison of distraction strategies for venipuncture in young children." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=3240.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 69 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-40).
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Buck, Rhiannon. "Naturally occurring attentional strategies in the self-management of cancer pain." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410931.
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Coleman, Eddie Lee. "Differences in Coping Strategies of African American Children With Chronic Pain." Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10978038.
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Chronic pain is a significant problem in the U.S. pediatric population, conservatively estimated to affect 15% to 20% of children. Few studies have focused on coping strategies African American children use to manage chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to examine coping strategies used by African American children and adolescents ages 11 to 18 years suffering from chronic pain and to examine gender and age differences in this population. The gate control theory provided the framework for the study. The Pain Coping Questionnaire was used to measure coping strategies in a convenience sample of 44 children and adolescents recruited from pain clinics and online pain support groups. Descriptive statistics indicated that active coping was used most often, and emotion-focused coping was used least often. Analyses of variance indicated that age was positively related with cognitive distraction, that male participants used problem-solving more often than female participants, and that female participants sought out social support and used internalizing/catastrophizing more often that male participants. Findings may be used to improve assessment and management of chronic pain by providing mental health professionals and doctors with a better understanding of African American children and adolescents’ coping strategies.
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Hansson, Magdalena. "Active or passive pain coping strategies among participants before hip school." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12360.
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Objective. To assess the use of active and passive pain coping strategies in persons with hip disability before participating in hip school and analyse differences between and correlations with gender and other different background factors and further to analyse the test-retest reliability of the Swedish version of Pain Coping Inventory (PCI-S). Methods. A descriptive cross sectional study among 52 persons (41 women, 11 men, mean age 63±8.6) was conducted. The PCI-S was filled in together with a background form and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS). 10 persons also filled on PCI-Stwice a week apart to test the reliability. Results. The participants showed big variety in use of pain coping strategies, slightly more active than passive strategies , with women using significant more active pain coping strategies compared to men (p=0.003). The most common used strategies were distraction (active) and resting (passive). The PCI-S showed good test-retest reliability (ICC 0.95 for active strategies in total and 0.88 for passive). Conclusion. Pain coping strategies vary a lot with no strategy in general used very often. PCI-S can be a reliable instrument for assessing pain coping strategies in order to learn more about how patients cope with pain.
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Henson, C. D. (Connie Dee). "The Use of Coping Strategies in Depressed and Nondepressed Chronic Pain Patients." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277985/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the relationship between preferred coping strategies, and major stressors for nondepressed, and depressed chronic pain patients. The subjects for this study were 67 chronic pain patients who are participating in a pain/spinal rehabilitation program. The information collected from the individuals or their records included: (1) basic demographic information, (2) level of activity, (3) level of perceived pain, (4) medication usage, (5) therapist rating of level of stabilization, (6) scores on three inventories including the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Ways of Coping Checklist, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Analyses included an examination of the relationship between level of depression and (1) type of stressors, (2) coping strategies, and (3) level of perceived pain. Further analyses included multiple regression with outcome as defined by therapist ratings at the end of treatment, and patients' ratings at follow up as the criterion variables.
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Hutcheson, Virginia Helen. "Dealing with Dual Differences: Social Coping Strategies of Gifted and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Adolescents." W&M ScholarWorks, 2012. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539272210.
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Farrell, Kate Michelle. "Shoring Up the Non-Proliferation Regime: An analysis of the diplomatic strategies for dealing with nuclear non-compliance." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4819.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to determine the most effective ways to deal with nuclear non-compliance using
diplomacy at regional and multilateral levels. Recent exposure of clandestine and dual-use
nuclear weapons developments has revealed the need for diplomatic engagement in cases of
extreme non-compliance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).
Due to the anarchic structure of the international system there is limited international authority to
enforce treaty compliance or to deal with clandestine nuclear activities. This thesis takes an
approach that seeks to deal with the problem of illicit nuclear development, while working
towards an international security structure that has decreased reliability on nuclear weapons.
Taking the lessons learned from past cases will inform current challenges to the non-proliferation
regime and work towards a uniform approach while the regime is in a transition phase. This
thesis applies Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT) to explain international security
interactions from a regional perspective and to rationalise nuclear diplomacy. RSCT helps
establish what levels within the international security structure motivate illicit nuclear
development and what level is then most appropriate in dealing with such actions. To establish
the parameters of debate, this research examines past diplomatic strategies to resolve cases where
states failed to adhere to international obligations in the frrst nuclear crisis with the Democratic
People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), Iraq, Libya and Ulaaine. This research then considers
the factors that contributed to the 2009 breakdown of the Six-Party Talks - the strategy
employed to deal with the second North Korea nuclear crisis from 2003 . This exploration allows
us to discern where multilateral diplomacy experiences obstacles and to then evaluate the
possibilities for multilateral engagement for the Islamic Republic ofIran (Iran). Lessons learned
in these cases provide understanding ofthe factors that exacerbate and mitigate compliance
negotiations. This research gives insight into the possibilities for and limitations of regional and
multilateral diplomacy to deal with Iran's illicit nuclear developments and future noncompliance
crises.
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Lundberg, Fredrik. "How does asymmetric latency in a closed network affect audio signals and strategies for dealing with asymmetric latency." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Medier ljudteknik och upplevelseproduktion och teater, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69065.
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This study investigates Audio over IP. A stress test was used to see what impact asymmetric latency had on the audio signal in a closed network. The study was constructed into two parts. The first part is the stress test where two AoIP solutions were tested. The two solutions where exposed in two forms of asymmetric latency. First a fixed value was used, next, a custom script was used to simulate changing values of asymmetric latency. The second part of this study involved interviews that where conducted with representatives from the audio industry that are working with audio over IP on a dayto-day usage. The goal for these interviews was to figure out what knowledge the audio industry had about asymmetric latency, if the industry had experienced problems related to latency and what general knowledge the industry has about networks. It was found in the interviews that the limitation in AoIP isn’t the technology in itself but rather missing knowledge with the people that are using the systems.
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Ivery, Janice D. "Evidence-Based Strategies and Practices to Manage Veterans' Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4923.
Full textAbstract:
Opioid therapy is widely used to treat veterans with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) despite evidence indicating patient safety concerns with the treatment. Although there is a place for opioid therapy in chronic pain management, opioids are not recommended as the first line of treatment for CNCP because of the risk for accidental overdose and death. The purpose of this project was to examine alternative practices for managing CNCP through a systematic review of the literature guided by the conceptual model of the Joanna Briggs Institute method for systematic reviews (JBIM-SR). A critical appraisal of the literature was conducted, and data were extracted and analyzed to identify evidence-based alternatives to opioids for managing CNCP in veterans. Using Cochrane, CINAHL, Joanna Briggs, and PubMed databases for the search, 116 articles were initially identified and through exclusion of duplicates and those not consistent with the study purpose, the review was narrowed to 16 articles. A 2nd reviewer completed an identical search using the exclusion criteria and databases confirming the search results of the primary reviewer. The 16 peer-reviewed research studies published between 2006 and 2016 selected for the analysis were graded using the JBIM-SR grading chart. Educational programs were seen as positive for improving providers' use of alternative therapies for CNCP. Complementary and alternative therapies such as yoga, peer support, injection therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance commitment therapy provided improvement in pain perceptions, and coping abilities. Results of this project can promote positive social change as the findings are shared with providers in the practice site and as Veterans receive safe alternatives to opioid therapy.
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Modisenyane, Modisenyane. "Ecosystemic management strategies for dealing with the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic at school setting / Motsepuoa Magdeline Modisenyane." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1789.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of this research were investigate the lived experiences of
school-going learners who are HIV-positive; and develop ecosystemic
management strategies to help learners who are HIV-positive.
The literature research investigation revealed that HIV/AIDS is not just a
health problem but also attacks the education system itself. Demand for
education is dropping and changing, many educators are ill and dying, and
the trauma of loss associated with HIV/AIDS is entrenched in South African
classrooms. The HIV/AIDS pandemic has a traumatic impact on all educators
and learners. The work of educators both those who are HIV positive and
those who have developed full-blown AIDS will be compromised by periods of
illness. The pandemic thrives on sexual violence, male domination and child
abuse in South Africa. It is the ecosystemic paradigm that helps in seeing the
connecting link between family-school-community-society-world or school and
peers and this helps in providing a more useful synergistic focus than trying to
work in isolation with discrete segments of a microsystem for example, with
an individual in isolation. Management strategies for dealing with HIV/AIDS
include the notion that achieving sustainability requires bringing together a
variety of legitimate stakeholders, drawing on a variety of accepted bodies of
knowledge, to negotiate a learning path based on a series of conflict
resolutions within ecological constraints. Continual learning based on free flow
of information and mutual respect, and investment in effective management of
HIV/AIDS are keys to success.
The empirical research investigation revealed that psychologically disturbed,
emotional well-being, spiritual well-being, physical well-being, social life, their
scholastic performance, daily routine, there is a change in their behaviour or
health after the HIV- positive status has been revealed, they fear of death,
their academic performance at school is affected by absenteeism and lack of
concentration, there is absence of strategies to assist learners who are absent
frequently because of illness, they loose valued level of functioning, lack
assistance at school, fear being discriminated or ridiculed, there is absence
v
of measures to deal with discrimination at school, there is a lack of information
on HIV/AIDS, learners fear disclosing to friends and teachers, there is a lack
of communication between parents and infected learners about issues
regarding HIV/AIDS. Educators are also affected emotionally, spiritually and
physically. They become affected socially and they do not cope with the
impact of HIV. The level of communicating the HIV/AIDS pandemic within the
schools is low, the principals are not doing much as leaders to supplement
this low level of communicating about HIV/AIDS, school policies on HIV/AIDS
in these schools do not address issues of support for learners and educators
who are incapacitated because of HIV/AIDS, there is no monitoring tool used
in these schools to ensure HIV-policy adherence, principals in these schools
do not ensure that educators teach learners about matters pertaining to
HIV/AIDS, health programmes in these schools do not assist learners living
with HIV/AIDS within the school and the level of accepting and
accommodating infected learners and the personnel in these schools is low.
The level of involvement of community members in matters pertaining to
HIV/AIDS in these schools is low.
An ecosysternic management system is proposed in this research
viThesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.
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Lion, Susanne, and Emelie Riedel. "Womens strategies for managing endometriosis." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25258.
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Bakgrund: Endometrios är en kronisk sjukdom som drabbar 10% av alla kvinnor i världen.Sjukdomen är ett problem som berör många kvinnor i samhället. Detta bör belysas i störreutsträckning än det gör idag då många läkare inte tar sjukdomen och kvinnornas symtom påallvar. Detta leder till lidande hos kvinnor och lång tid innan diagnostisering sker. Ofta fårkvinnor höra att smärtan är normal, vilket kan leda till förtvivlan och isolering från vänneroch familj.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hanteringsstrategier hos kvinnor somlever med endometrios.Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats. Metodlitteraturen som använts är Polit ochBeck. Studien har analyserats enligt Graneheim och Lundmans kvalitativa innehållsanalysoch databassökningar utfördes i Cinahl, Pubmed och Psycinfo.Resultat: Resultatet mynnade ut i fyra huvudteman initiering av livsstilsförändringar, behovav alternativa behandlingar, sökande efter kunskap, noncompliance och tre subtemakostomläggningar, ökad fysisk aktivitet, strategiska verktyg.Konklusion: Endometrios påverkar många faktorer i det dagliga livet för kvinnor som levermed sjukdomen. Det kan handla om hantering av smärta, relationer, arbete och utbildning.Dessa kvinnor utvecklar hanteringsstrategier för att lindra symtom av smärta och för attförbättra livskvaliteten. Dessa strategier handlar om ändrade motionsvanor, kost, kunskap ochatt själv ta kontroll. Målet för många kvinnor är att uppnå smärtfrihet samtidigt som önskanom att minska användning av läkemedel önskas. Hanteringsstrategierna upplevs av de flestakvinnor som positiva och bidrar till en ökad livskvalitet. Mer kunskap kan behövas om vilkahanteringsstrategier som används, för att kunna stödja och behandla kvinnor på ett bättre sättinom hälso- och sjukvården.Background: Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affect 10% of all women of the world.Endometriosis is a problem which affects many women in society. This should be noted to agreater extent than today because many doctors don’t take the disease or the womenssymtoms seriously. This leads to a suffering for women and it takes long time beforediagnosis. Women often hear that the pain is normal which leads to dispair and isolation.Aim: The aim of the study was to describe management strategies among women that liveswith endometriosis.Method: A qualitative literature review. The literature that was used for the method was Politand Beck. Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative contentanalysis was used for the analysis.Cinahl, pubmed and Psycinfo was used for retrieve material.Results: The result showed four main themes, these were initiation of lifestyle changes, needfor alternative treatments, searching for knowledge, noncompliance and three subthemeswere also identified change of diet, increased physical activity, strategic tools.Conclusion: Endometriosis affects many factors in the daily life of women living with thedisease. It can be about managing pain, relationships, work and education. These womendevelop management strategies to relieve symtoms of pain and to improve quality of life.These strategies is about change exercise patterns, diet, knowledge and taking control. Theaim for many women is to achieve painlessness with less painkillers at the same time. Themanagement strategies have a positive impact for most of the women and contributes tobetter life quality. If more knowledge is revealed about management strategies used, thenbetter support and treatment could be possible in healthcare.
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Sephton, Katherine Alison. "Decision-making under information overload : visual representation and ‘fast and frugal’ heuristics as strategies for dealing with information overload." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80342.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The volume of information available to the individual today is greater than ever before. From sources that range from verbal to non-verbal, paper to electronic and audio to visual, there is a constant and ubiquitous supply of information. For managers in an organisational context, whose job it is to manage information from various sources and make decisions based on that, this proliferation of information can be overwhelming. As a result, decision-makers can experience information overload, which can have various detrimental effects on them. Both the problems that information overload can cause, as well as some suggested solutions to the effect are explored. A brief investigation follows into the way in which information in different forms is cognitively processed by individuals is explored. Two possible ways in which decision-makers can respond to the problem of information overload are examined. The first focuses on the visualisation of information and visual management in organisations, looking at two examples, the balanced scorecard and the oobeya room. The visualisation of information often integrates information from various sources, reducing its volume to facilitate cognitive processing. The second response to information overload looks at the use of fast and frugal heuristics. These heuristics ignore some of the available information to ease cognitive processing, resulting in faster decisions that use as little information as possible. Both of these two approaches are explored as potential decision support systems for decision-makers in an organisational context, separately and in combination. One approach is structured and planned, while the other is largely unplanned and intuitive. The similarities are investigated in the way that these two approaches structure information. Both methods aim to reduce the amount of cognitive processing for the decision-maker, minimising the chances of information overload occurring and can be used under certain appropriate conditions to minimise the negative effects of information overload on decision-makers in organisations to result in more effective decision-making processes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die volume inligting wat beskikbaar is tot die individu vandag is groter as ooit tevore. Vanaf bronne wat wissel van verbale tot nie-verbale, papier na elektroniese- en klank tot visuele bronne, is daar 'n konstante en alomteenwoordige verskaffing van inligting. Vir bestuurders in 'n organisasiekonteks, wie se werk dit is om inligting uit verskillende bronne te bestuur en besluite op die hierdie verspreiding van inligting te basseer, kan dit oorweldigend wees. As gevolg hiervan kan besluitnemers ’n inligting-oorlading ervaar, wat verskeie nadelige effekte op hulle kan hê. Beide die probleme wat inligting-oorlading kan veroorsaak, asook 'n paar voorgestelde oplossings met betrekking tot die effek, word ondersoek. 'n Kort ondersoek kyk na die manier waarop die inligting in verskillende vorme kognitief deur die individue verwerk word. Twee moontlike maniere waarop besluitnemers kan reageer op die probleem van inligting-oorlading, word ondersoek. Die eerste fokus op die visualisering van inligting en visuele bestuur in organisasies, deur te kyk na twee voorbeelde: die gebalanseerde telkaart en die oobeya kamer. Die visualisering van inligting behels dikwels die integrasie van inligting uit verskeie bronne en so word die volume saamgevat om kognitiewe prosessering te fasiliteer. Die tweede reaksie op inligting-oorlading kyk na die gebruik van "snelle en spaarsame" heuristiese metodes. Hierdie heuristiese metodes ignoreer sommige van die beskikbare inligting wat kognitiewe prosessering verlig, wat individue in staat stel om vinniger besluite te neem en so min as moontlik inligting gebruik. Beide van hierdie twee benaderings word ondersoek as moontlike ondersteuningstelsels vir besluitnemings deur besluitnemers in 'n organisasiekonteks, beide afsonderlik en as ’n kombinasie. Die een benadering is gestruktureerd en beplan, terwyl die ander grootliks onbeplan en intuïtief is. Die ooreenkomste in die manier waarop hierdie twee benaderings inligting struktureer, word ondersoek. Beide metodes poog om die kognitiewe verwerkingslading vir die besluitnemer te verminder en so die kanse vir inligting-oorlading te verlaag. So kan dit gebruik word om onder gepaste toestande die negatiewe effekte van inligting-oorlading te verminder, sodat besluitnemers in organisasies meer effektiewe besluitnemingsprosesse kan implimenteer.
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Ishii, Masaki S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Flexible system development strategies for the Chuo Shinkansen Maglev Project : dealing with uncertain demand and R&D outcomes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39329.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-158).
As a large-scale, long-term transportation project, the Chuo Shinkansen Maglev Project in Japan includes various uncertainties. Among them, two major uncertainties are identified in this thesis: the uncertainty of demand and the risk of R&D. Because each Maglev train requires a dedicated Power Conversion System (PCS) but a different one as it moves along the route, it is required to estimate the future demand accurately to determine the number of PCSs to construct. At the same time, the R&D to advance the technologies of PCS has the possibility of improving the project value by enabling staged flexible system development strategies. Since it is difficult to correctly estimate demand and R&D results, a framework that can evaluate projects with explicit considerations of these uncertainties is needed. In the light of the above background, this thesis develops a quantitative model that is appropriate for evaluating the Chuo Shinkansen Project. More specifically, this thesis applies the hybrid real options model, which is suitable for appraising projects with both market risks and R&D risks, in an innovative manner, addressing four major complexities that arise when applying the model to the project:
(cont.) the difficulty of estimating the demand of a new train system, identification of the possible system designs that vary depending on R&D results, necessity to incorporate capacity constraints into analysis, and the selection of the appropriate discount rate. Analyzing the data and the characteristics of the Chuo Shinkansen Project, this thesis develops an evaluation model that addresses above issues. Using the quantitative analytic model developed herein and assuming reasonable estimates of R&D costs, probability of success in R&D project, demand growth, volatility of demand, and the discount rate, this thesis estimates the value of the Chuo Shinkansen Project and concludes that it will be advantageous to invest in the R&D of the PCS technology despite its large cost. The thesis also conducts sensitivity analyses to demonstrate how the evaluation model developed in this thesis can be used to analyze the effects, on the project value, of changes in the probability of R&D success (in relation to R&D costs), demand growth and its volatility, and the discount rate, to obtain implications for the development strategies for the Chuo Shinkansen Project.
by Masaki Ishii.
S.M.
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Vergne, Jean-Philippe. "Playing with fire:category-level strategies for dealing with public disapproval : The case of the global arms industry (1996-2007." Jouy-en-Josas, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHEC0003.
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A partir de données qualitatives et quantitatives, cette thèse examine les stratégies d’anticipation et de réaction que les firmes peuvent mettre en place pour faire face à la désapprobation publique et à la stigmatisation. Les audiences externes se reposent sur des catégories organisationnelles pour se repérer dans une industrie. Ces catégories sont des combinaisons d’éléments linguistiques, symboliques et substantiels qui façonnent la manière avec laquelle les évaluations sociales – positives et négatives – sont relayées par les audiences. Ainsi, le fait d’être associé à certaines catégories peut accroître ou décroître le niveau de désapprobation, et il en va de même pour les associations hybrides. Pour décroître leur niveau futur de désapprobation, les entreprises peuvent manipuler stratégiquement les associations catégorielles utilisées par les audiences. Spécifiquement, dans l’industrie des armes, les catégories qui comptent se situent au niveau des Etats d’origine des firmes, de leur portefeuille client et de leur production industrielle. Parfois, les stratégies d’anticipation ne suffisent pas, notamment lorsque la firme est touchée par un scandale – une forme particulièrement stigmatisante de désapprobation. Cette thèse démontre qu’en cas de scandale, les firmes utilisent également des stratégies de réaction qui modifient aussi leurs associations catégorielles au niveau de l’industrie, avec l’objectif de desserrer les liens qui les associent au scandale, et qui associent le scandale à leurs partenaires au sein de l’industrieUsing qualitative and quantitative data, this dissertation investigates the anticipation and response strategies used by firms to deal with public disapproval and stigmatization. External audiences rely on organizational categories to make sense of the industry landscape. Categories are combinations of linguistic, symbolic, and substantive features that shape how social evaluations, positive or negative, are conveyed. Thus, association to certain categories can increase or decrease disapproval levels, and so can category straddling. To decrease future disapproval levels, firms can manage strategically the categories with which audiences associate them. Specifically, in the global arms industry, the categories that matter most are located at the home country, customer, and output levels. However, anticipation strategies are not always enough. Firms can be targeted by corporate scandal, a very stigmatizing form of disapproval. The dissertation demonstrates that in such cases firms implement response strategies that also modify categorical associations at the industry level, with the aim of loosening the ties that connect the targeted firm to the scandal, and the scandal to the rest of the firm’s partners in the industry. The dissertation contributes to strategy and organization theory, especially to research streams on industry evolution, categorization, and stigmatization
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Axon, David Rhys, and David Rhys Axon. "Development and Validation of a Tool to Calculate an Exposure Score for All Pain Self-Management Strategies Used By Individuals with Chronic Pain." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626341.
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Objectives: To develop a tool to calculate the exposure scores for all pain self-management strategies used by individuals with chronic pain, and to test the validity of the tool by assessing associations between exposure and pain outcomes using regression.
Methods: Survey data of pharmacists’ pain self-management strategies were used to calculate the exposure score. One point was assigned for every: 100mg of morphine used (opioid medications); 25% of the maximum recommended dose used (non-opioid medications); and any use of another strategy. Points were summed to calculate each individual’s exposure. Regressions assessed associations between exposure and pain outcomes.
Results: Data for 149 individuals with chronic pain were included in the study. Individuals with chronic pain used a mean of 12.7 (SD=4.7) strategies to manage their pain, and had a mean exposure score of 16.8 (SD=9.1). Exposure score was positively associated in the multivariate models with the self-reported pain outcomes: adverse events experienced due to pain; workdays lost in the last six months due to pain; and pain interference on relationships (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This validity study showed positive associations between the exposure score calculated by our tool, and adverse events experienced due to pain, workdays lost in the last six months due to pain, and pain interference with relationships. The personalized exposure profile produced by the tool may assist patients and providers when determining the most appropriate pain self-management strategies to use.
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Tsourtos, George. "The influence of cognitive strategies on strength performance and the severity of pain intensity /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spst882.pdf.
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Acker, Lea M. Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "The effect of choice-control and use of cognitive strategies on pain reduction reports." Ottawa, 1991.
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Sangster, Joanna Ivy. "Disease characteristics, pain, optimism, coping strategies, and psychological well-being of rheumatoid arthritis patients." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28489.
Full textAbstract:
This study was concerned with variables likely to influence psychological well-being in chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, a group at risk psychologically as a consequence of their disease condition. The study examined the relationships of personality characteristics (optimism) and coping strategies (wishful thinking and problem solving) in predicting psychological well-being (operationalized as psychological distress), after removing the effects of age, stressor type, and disease characteristics (physical disability and pain). Subjects were 107 adult RA patients drawn at random from the referral files of The Arthritis Society. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire mailed to potential respondents. Coping strategies were assessed, with reference to a respondent identified stressor, using two scales (wishful thinking and problem solving) from Vitaliano's revised Ways of Coping Checklist. Both raw and relative scores were used in analyses. Optimism was assessed using the Life Orientation Test, physical disability and pain were measured using two scales (physical health status and pain) of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale, and distress was measured using a modified Brief Symptom Inventory. Preliminary analysis was done to compare subjects reporting arthritis or arthritis-related stressors with those reporting other stressors on all independent and dependent measures. There were no between group differences. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine relations among variables with variables entered in five steps: (1) age, stressor type, and physical disability; (2) pain; (3) optimism; (4) wishful thinking and problem solving; and (5) relative coping. The regression equation reached significance, F(8,98) = 12.35, p ≤.01, and accounted for 50% of the variance in distress. Optimism and, to a lesser extent, wishful thinking accounted for the largest proportions of variance, the relationships being negative and positive, respectively. Age accounted for a small but significant proportion of the variance. The findings clarify the relations between wishful thinking, problem solving, optimism, and psychological distress in adult RA patients.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Brandt, Grace A. "Physiological and Psychological Effects of an Acute Stressor: Comparing Coping Strategies Among Very Physically Active and Less Active Adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500119/.
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The purpose of this study was to examine whether physical activity status of healthy adult males (N = 59) while in a coping strategy condition (association, disassociation, or control) influences psychophysiological responses to an acute painful stimulus. Measures of pain tolerance, state anxiety, body awareness, and salivary cortisol were investigated. Results indicated no significant differences between physical activity groups for pain tolerance, stress responses (i.e., self-reported state anxiety and cortisol levels), or body awareness. Though, those who indicated using a disassociation coping technique during the exit interview tolerated the acute, surface pain longer. More research is required to further understand the effects of physical activity and coping strategies on pain perception and psychophysiological responses.
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Newman, Thomas S. Jerich Kenneth Frank. "An investigation of Illinois child welfare experts perceptions regarding curriculum and instructional strategies for dealing with potential students at risk." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9986988.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2000.Title from title page screen, viewed July 31, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Kenneth F. Jerich (chair), Mark Shelley, Wayne Benenson, Joe Nwoye. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-86) and abstract. Also available in print.
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net, cresdee@cresdee, and Michelle Cresdee. "Dealing with curriculum change : how teachers perceive recent curriculum changes and the strategies they employ to cope with such change." Murdoch University, 2002. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051209.134727.
Full textAbstract:
The current study attempted to identify conditions that affect the manner in which Western Australian primary school teachers perceive recent curriculum changes; the types of support they access; and the relative usefulness of this support. Based on preliminary findings in the first phase of this study and the research literature it was expected that teacher self-efficacy, teacher characteristics such as age and years of teaching, and school context such as the level of 'innovativeness' would prove to be influential in the process of implementing new initiatives. A model expressing the relationships between these concepts was developed and evaluated in the second phase of this study. This study is important for two reasons. It focused on Western Australian primary school teachers, whereas most previous research focused on high school teachers, and it explored ways to help teachers deal with future changes instead of simply identifying their responses to changes. It is therefore hoped that the education system will be more informed and better able to provide appropriate support for teachers when faced with future reforms.
The study was conducted in two parts. The purpose of phase one was to become familiar with the current circumstances of teachers in relation to curriculum change. By focusing on the attitudes and behaviours of teachers from 'innovative' schools it was thought more could be learned than in schools that maintain the status quo. Qualitative methods of semi-structured interviews, informal observations and the analysis of websites and school documents were utilised throughout this phase. The second phase of the study employed a quantitative approach, based on the findings of the first phase, specifically a process of questionnaire construction and distribution throughout the defined population.
A number of cautious conclusions have been made within the limits of this study. Firstly, the most useful type of professional development for teachers involves teachers interacting with each other. Teachers need time to discuss issues and share their successes. However, Action Research as a means of professional development is currently under utilised. It was discovered that most teachers were positive towards curriculum change, yet an overwhelming workload has proved a formidable barrier to new initiatives. In addition, most teachers will modify initiatives to meet the needs of their students and to fit in with their existing orientations. Consequently, school structures need to become more flexible to encourage teachers to engage in innovative practices. Interestingly, the self-efficacy of a teacher influences the way they perceive and cope with curriculum change, however teacher characteristics, such as age and the number of years teaching, did not yield substantially different results when teachers were categorised along these dimensions. School context, as defined by the level of 'innovativeness', did produce differential results in terms of teacher attitudes and responses to curriculum change, and the type of professional development accessed. Finally, schools may need to involve parents and the wider school community in the school level decision-making processes if they truly are to become ' learning communities'.