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1
He, Li-Jen, and Jianxiong Chen. "Does Mandatory Audit Partner Rotation Influence Auditor Selection Strategies?" Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042058.
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Under mandatory rotation, the switching cost may be the most influential factor to be considered for experienced mandatory audit rotations. This study attempts to explore the impacts of the mandatory rotation mechanism on company information disclosure and signaling strategies by examining the audit partner and audit firm switching activities of the mandatory rotation company. Are companies that experience mandatory audit rotation more likely to engage industry specialist auditors with better industry-specific knowledge and reputations to minimize the costs of mandatory rotations? Furthermore, in the case of being required to rotate audit partners, do companies rotate only audit partners, rather than changing both audit partners and audit firms at the same time, to minimize switching costs? To explore these problems, this study examined auditor rotations of listed companies in Taiwan from 2004 to 2016; and expected that, to minimize switching costs, mandatory rotation companies are more likely to select industry specialist auditors to be their successor auditors, and are less likely to rotate audit partners and audit firms at the same time. For the audit partner rotations, we find that, compared to voluntarily rotated companies, a higher percentage of companies choose industry specialist auditors to be their successor audit partners under mandatory rotation. Furthermore, the empirical results support our expectations that companies that experience mandatory audit partner rotation are significantly more likely to engage industry specialists to be their successor audit partners and are more likely to rotate only audit partners rather than rotating both audit partners and audit firms around mandatory audit rotation periods.
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Shackleton, Thomas, Lorna Sutcliffe, and Claudia Estcourt. "Is Accelerated Partner Therapy partner notification for sexually transmissible infections acceptable and feasible in general practice?" Sexual Health 8, no. 1 (2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh10031.
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Background: Partner notification in primary care is problematic and of limited effectiveness despite enthusiasm from primary care providers to engage with sexually transmissible infection (STI) management. Innovative partner notification strategies must be relevant to the primary care context. The aim of the present study was to explore the opinions of general practitioners (GP) and practice nurses on the acceptability and feasibility of a new form of partner notification developed in the specialist setting known as Accelerated Partner Therapy (APT), for sex partners of those diagnosed with a bacterial STI in general practice. APT is defined as partner notification strategies that reduce time for sex partners to be treated, and include partner assessment by appropriately qualified health care professionals and here involve telephone and community pharmacy assessment. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of GP and practice nurses in East London, UK. Results: All participants appreciated the importance of partner notification in STI management and felt that APT would improve their practice. They supported prioritising antibiotic provision for the sex partners with provision for future comprehensive STI screening. Although both models were acceptable and feasible, the majority preferred the sexual health clinic telephone assessment over the pharmacy model. Conclusions: GP and practice nurses welcome new strategies for partner notification and believe APT could provide rapid and convenient treatment of sex partners in general practice. This supports further evaluation of APT models as a partner notification strategy in primary care.
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Schmit, Samantha E., and Nancy J. Bell. "Close relationships and disordered eating: Partner perspectives." Journal of Health Psychology 22, no. 4 (July 10, 2016): 434–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105315603478.
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The role and potential significance of romantic partners have been acknowledged in the eating disorder literature; yet, few studies have addressed partner perspectives, and none of these have involved dating relationships or considered the implications of the initiation of recovery for partner perceptions. In this study, common themes in the analysis of 12 partner interviews included changing understandings of disordered eating, development of strategies to support their partners, and lack of resources. In addition, participants whose partners did not initiate recovery reported confusion and helplessness, while those whose partners initiated recovery expressed responsibility for and gratification in the positive changes.
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Liang, Jie, and Peng Shao. "Sequential Alliance Portfolios, Partner Reconfiguration and Firm Performance." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 5904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215904.
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This study develops multi-dimensional partner reconfiguration strategies and addresses how they affect firm performance in a series of alliance portfolios by applying the dynamic sustainable perspective. Using data collected from 565 fund product alliance portfolios initiated by 61 Chinese fund firms during a five-year period from 2007 to 2011, the empirical results indicate that both dropping active partners and adding new ones will reduce firm performance. By contrast, reintroducing previous partners will increase firm performance. The average tie strength of the last alliance portfolio moderates the influences of partner reconfigurations on firm performance. Specifically, it negatively moderates the effect of dropping active partners and positively moderates the effect of adding new partners. However, its moderating effect on the influence of reintroducing previous partners is insignificant. These findings have positive theoretical and practical significance for firms pursuing sustainable development by clarifying when and how partner reconfiguration strategies influence firm performance.
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MacDonald, Adriane, Amelia Clarke, Lei Huang, and M. Seitanidi. "Partner Strategic Capabilities for Capturing Value from Sustainability-Focused Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030557.
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As social and ecological problems escalate, the role of collective capacity and knowledge is becoming more critical in reaching solutions. This capacity and knowledge are dispersed among diverse stakeholder organizations. Thus, organizations in the private, public and civil society sectors are experiencing pressure to address these complex challenges through collaborative action in the form of multi-stakeholder partnerships. One major challenge to securing and maintaining partner engagement in these voluntary collaborative initiatives is defining the value proposition for prospective and existing partner organizations. Understanding the relationship between different forms of partner involvement and the subsequent resources that partners stand to gain is necessary to articulate the value proposition of the partnership to partners. This study conducts a survey of partner organizations from 15 different sustainability-focused multi-stakeholder partnerships in Canada. We compare three partner strategies for implementation and value capture and discover that each strategy is associated with different partner-level resource outcomes. Our findings indicate that product stewardship strategies are associated with financial and organizational capital, marketing and promotion with human capital, and internal implementation structures with shared capital. This study has implications for multi-stakeholder partnership researchers and practitioners because it suggests the possibility that certain partner-level outcomes could rely on the partner, as well as partnership implementation strategies.
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John, Steven A., Tyrel J. Starks, H. Jonathon Rendina, Jeffrey T. Parsons, and Christian Grov. "High willingness to use novel HIV and bacterial sexually transmitted infection partner notification, testing, and treatment strategies among gay and bisexual men." Sexually Transmitted Infections 96, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-053974.
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ObjectivesWe sought to determine willingness of gay and bisexual men (GBM) to give HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits with patient-delivered partner therapy (PDPT) and engage in geosocial sexual networking (GSN) app-based partner notification.MethodsA nationwide sample of GBM who self-tested HIV negative (n=786) were asked about their willingness to give recent sex partners (main and casual) PDPT with an HIVST kit (PDPT+HIVST) after hypothetical bacterial STI (BSTI) diagnosis. Men were also asked about their willingness to notify sexual partners met on GSN apps using an anonymous app function after BSTI diagnosis. We examined associations of relationship status and condomless anal sex with casual partners, recent BSTI diagnosis and perceived risk of HIV on PDPT+HIVST and anonymous app-based partner notification willingness (dichotomised) using binary logistic regressions, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education and US region. From the partner’s perspective after receiving an app-based referral, frequency measures were used to report intentions for obtaining subsequent HIV/BSTI counselling and testing, engaging in HIVST if provided a free voucher, and obtaining BSTI treatment from a pharmacy with prescription voucher.ResultsMost (90.1%) were willing to give PDPT+HIVST to recent sex partners after STI diagnosis, and nearly all (96.4%) were willing to notify sex partners met online using an anonymous function within GSN apps. Regardless of casual partner condomless anal sex engagement, partnered GBM had higher odds of reporting willingness to give PDPT+HIVST compared with single men who recently engaged in condomless anal sex with a casual partner. If anonymously notified via an app, 92.5% reported they would likely obtain counselling and testing, 92.8% would engage in HIVST if provided a free voucher, and 93.4% would obtain treatment from a pharmacy with prescription voucher.ConclusionsGBM generally found novel partner notification, testing, and treatment strategies acceptable, indicating the need for feasibility and cost-effectiveness evaluations.
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Gichangi, P., K. Fonck, C. Sekande-Kigondu, J. Ndinya-Achola, J. Bwayo, D. Kiragu, P. Claeys, and M. Temmerman. "Partner notification of pregnant women infected with syphilis in Nairobi, Kenya." International Journal of STD & AIDS 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462001915660.
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We examined partner notification among syphilitic pregnant women in Nairobi. At delivery, 377 women were found to be rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactive. Data were available for 94% of the partners of women who were tested during pregnancy; over 67% of the partners had received syphilis treatment while 23% had not sought treatment mainly because they felt healthy. Six per cent of the women had not informed their partners as they feared blame and/or violence. Adverse pregnancy outcome was related to lack of partner treatment during pregnancy (7% versus 19%, odds ratio (OR) 3.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9- 10.0). Our data suggest that messages focusing on the health of the unborn child have a positive effect on partner notification and innovative and locally adapted strategies for partner notification need more attention.
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M. Hutsaliuk, Oleksii, Oksana V. Yaroshevska, Nataliia M. Shmatko, Inna V. Kulko-Labyntseva, and Alla S. Navolokina. "Stakeholder approach to selecting enterprise-bank interaction strategies." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.04.
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Stakeholder theory dominates in revealing the features of the stakeholders’ influence on various entities; however, only few studies rely on it in the field of enterprises that select banks as financial partners. Considering the enterprise-bank relationship from the stakeholder theory perspective, this paper represents an approach to selecting strategies for interaction with this stakeholder type.The proposed approach includes the following steps: determining the interaction objectives for enterprises and banks; specifying and comparing potential partners; ranking banks to justify the chosen partner/partners for interaction; and selecting interaction strategies and forming the content of the behavior patterns inherent in enterprises (offensive or negotiation strategies). The criteria for choosing a strategy include the objectives of the interaction between enterprises (providing comprehensive services or satisfying individual financial needs) and their financial status that determines the interest of banks in partnership.The application of the proposed methodology for calculating rating indicators and the respective bank ranking showed that 18% of the banks included in the studied list of reliable Ukrainian banks have a high level of innovation activity and an acceptable level of banking service costs for business customers (that is, they implement a customer-oriented policy). Therefore, to receive comprehensive banking services combined with high or medium levels of banks’ interest in interaction, the paper recommends enterprises to choose a large-scale offensive strategy or a large-scale negotiation strategy, respectively.The stakeholder theory, as well as consideration of the criteria defined in the paper, will allow enterprises to choose interaction strategies that meet their needs for financial services and harmonize the interests of partners.
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Biggs, Elizabeth E., Erik W. Carter, and Carly B. Gilson. "A Scoping Review of the Involvement of Children's Communication Partners in Aided Augmentative and Alternative Communication Modeling Interventions." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 28, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-18-0024.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to inform practice and research by identifying and synthesizing research on interventions in which natural communication partners implemented aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) modeling strategies.MethodA scoping review yielded 29 studies. Data were charted related to participant characteristics, intervention characteristics, partner instruction and assessment, and partner perspectives of social validity.ResultsMore than 157 peer and 100 adult communication partners (e.g., parents, special educators, paraprofessionals) implemented aided AAC modeling strategies within included studies. To teach communication partners intervention strategies, researchers frequently reported using (a) oral instruction, (b) modeling, and (c) practice or application opportunities with performance feedback. Partner instruction frequently involved both training and concurrent support (e.g., coaching, facilitation, consultation, follow-up support).ConclusionFindings from this review inform the design and delivery of aided AAC modeling interventions by children's natural communication partners. Findings also highlight important avenues for enhancing the rigor of future research on interventions involving aided AAC modeling, including the quality of reporting and application of principles from implementation science.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8038505
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Mantri, Sneha, Emily Klawson, Steven Albert, Robyn Rapoport, Chelle Precht, Sarah Glancey, Margaret Daeschler, et al. "The experience of care partners of patients with Parkinson’s disease psychosis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): e0248968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248968.
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Background Parkinson’s disease psychosis (PDP) has a major impact on quality of life and care partner burden; however, little is known about the lived experiences of care partners in managing PDP. Objective To understand how care partners of individuals with PDP experience their role and articulate their needs related to psychosis. Methods This was a qualitative study of semi-structured telephone interviews. Recruitment was conducted online via the clinical study matching tool, Fox Trial Finder; study activities took place remotely via telephone interviews. Transcripts of the phone interviews were analyzed by grounded theory methods, and a codebook of key themes that emerged from the analysis was developed. Results Nine care partners (all female) were interviewed. Discussion topics in the codebook included (1) care partner burden and guilt; (2) communication with medical professionals; (3) coping strategies; (4) emotional reactions of the care partner to psychosis; (5) sources of knowledge about PD psychosis; (6) attitudes towards medications for PDP; (7) strategies to care for loved ones with psychosis; (8) psychosis triggers. Conclusions This qualitative analysis uncovers important aspects of the care partner experience, including challenges in navigating the medical system and communicating with professionals. Providers treating patients with PDP should be aware of these constraints and provide added support for strained care partners.
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Parkes-Ratanshi, Rosalind, Joshua Mbazira Kimeze, Edith Nakku-Joloba, Matthew M. Hamill, Mariam Namawejje, Agnes Kiragga, Josaphat Kayogoza Byamugisha, Anne Rompalo, Charlotte Gaydos, and Yukari C. Manabe. "Low male partner attendance after syphilis screening in pregnant women leads to worse birth outcomes: the Syphilis Treatment of Partners (STOP) randomised control trial." Sexual Health 17, no. 3 (2020): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh19092.
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Background Maternal syphilis causes poor birth outcomes, including congenital syphilis. Testing and treatment of partners prevents reinfection, but strategies to improve partner attendance are failing. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three partner notification strategies. Methods: Pregnant women with a positive point-of-care treponemal test at three antenatal clinics (ANCs) in Kampala, Uganda, were randomised 1:1:1 to receive either notification slips (NS; standard of care), NS and a text messages (SMS) or NS and telephone calls. The primary outcome was the proportion of partners who attended the ANC and were treated for syphilis. Results: Between 2015 and 2016, 17130 pregnant women were screened; 601 (3.5%) had a positive treponemal result, and 442 were enrolled in the study. Only 81 of 442 partners (18.3%; 23/152 (15.1%), 31/144 (21.5%) and 27/146 (18.5%) in the NS only, NS + SMS and NS + telephone call groups respectively) attended an ANC for follow-up; there were no significant differences between the groups. Twelve per cent of women attended the ANC with their male partner, and this proportion increased over time. Partner non-treatment was independently associated with adverse birth outcomes (odds ratio 2.75; 95% confidence interval 2.36–3.21; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Only 18.3% of partners of pregnant women who tested positive for syphilis received treatment. Female partners of non-attendant men had worse birth outcomes. Encouraging men to accompany women to the ANC and testing both may address the urgent need to treat partners of pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa to reduce poor fetal outcomes.
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Rogers, Mohamed K., and Eamonn McKeown. "Sero-risk neutral and sero-risk averse: perceptions of risk and condom use among Black African heterosexual migrant couples in serodiscordant relationships in the UK." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 13 (September 27, 2020): 1291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462419889264.
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This paper explores how perceptions of risk of infecting HIV-negative partners influence condom use among Black African heterosexual couples in stable relationships with one partner living with HIV (serodiscordant relationships). Twenty-five in-depth couple and individual interviews were analysed through phenomenological reflection and writing. A major finding was that in attempts to preserve their relationships, couples debated condom use strategies based on their perceptions of risk of infecting HIV-negative partners. We recommend that HIV prevention information among Black African heterosexual couples with a partner living with HIV should be understood from the perceptions of risk from both partners.
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Ariawan, Ariawan, and Budy Santoso. "PKM Usaha Kecil Menengah Kerajinan Karawo Di Kelurahan Padebuolo Kecamatan Kota Timur Kota Gorontalo Provinsi Gorontalo." JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) 2, no. 2 (October 27, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36339/je.v2i2.163.
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Karawo's handicrafts as a superior cultural product of the region, is the identity and also the cultural heritagein Gorontalo City. However, the development of the two partners has problems both in terms of production process,management aspects, and marketing as well. The approach used in achieving the objectives of the CommunityPartnership Program (PKM) is a training method by practicing directly with partners, counseling with lectures,discussions and mentoring each partner and evaluation. The results of the Community Partnership ProgramImplementation (PKM) to overcome partner’s problems are: (a) Production aspects such as cooperating with thegovernment and producers/ distributors of raw materials, so that each partner has one distributor to fulfill raw materials,providing training and mentoring of motif designs using the computer program, so that each partner has skilled personnelin designing motifs using a computer program, Providing training and mentoring procedures and slicing techniques, sothat each partner has additional skilled personnel in the slicing process, Providing equipment / machinery assistance insupporting the production process, so that equipment / machinery is available in supporting the production process ineach partner. (b) Management aspects by providing training and mentoring to the management of business management,so that each partner has human resources who have knowledge and skills in business management. (c) Marketing aspectsby providing training and mentoring on promotion and marketing strategies through social media as well as the practiceof making online stores, so that each partner has the knowledge and insight on promotion and marketing strategies andhas one social media based online store that partners are able to manage by themselves
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Justus, Amukugo Hans, Neshuku Hanna, and Julia Paula Nangombe. "Guidelines to operationalize a model to facilitate male involvement in the reproductive health context by the registered nurses." International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 5, no. 1 (December 19, 2015): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v5i1.5362.
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<p>The purpose of this article is to describe the guidelines for operationalising a model to facilitate male partner involvement in RH. Guidelines were developed for the implementation of the model to facilitate male partner involvement in RH through the management of a partnership environment. These guidelines may be implemented in those health facilities that provide RH services, namely, clinics, health centres and hospitals. The nurses, in collaboration with significant stakeholders from the community, representatives from the line ministries and NGOs, will be able to facilitate male partner involvement in RH.</p><p>These guidelines and strategies were derived from the conceptual framework which was generated by means of deductive reasoning and analysis. The guidelines and strategies at each level are aimed at facilitating male partner involvement in RH through the management of the partnership environment by enabling male partners to become actively involved and participate and to eliminate those factors that impede the full participation of male partners in the RH context. The chapter will focus on these guidelines which are expressed in terms of the aims and strategies of each of the four phases in facilitating male partner involvement in RH.</p>
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Ball, Laura J., and Joanne Lasker. "Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment." Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 22, no. 1 (April 2013): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac22.1.4.
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Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.
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Demby, Hilary, Lynne Jenner, Alethia Gregory, and Eric Jenner. "Structuring Evaluation Partnerships: Exploring Contrasts in Researcher–Practitioner Roles and Responsibilities When Implementing Randomized Experiments in Real-World Settings." American Journal of Evaluation 41, no. 4 (October 6, 2020): 531–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214020941089.
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Despite the increase in federal tiered evidence initiatives that require the use of rigorous evaluation designs, such as randomized experiments, there has been limited guidance in the evaluation literature on practical strategies to implement such studies successfully. This paper provides lessons learned in executing experiments in applied settings, such as schools, juvenile justice agencies, mental health clinics, reproductive health clinics, and job centers. To promote successful study implementation, evaluators must understand study roles, select suitable partners, and employ appropriate partnership models. In this article, we describe partner types and study roles, concretely illustrate how partnerships might be structured, discuss specific strategies to assess implementation partner capacity and maintain partner engagement, and consider how an evaluator can leverage the skills and resources of study partners to improve participant recruitment, enrollment, and retention. While the lessons are drawn from our experiences conducting 10 experimental studies, some may also apply to non-experimental evaluations.
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Sagrestano, Lynda M. "Power Strategies in Interpersonal Relationships." Psychology of Women Quarterly 16, no. 4 (December 1992): 481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1992.tb00270.x.
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The present study was designed to examine the effects of both power and gender in the use of influence strategies. Women and men responded to three scenarios in which they interacted with an imagined partner in situations with different levels of interpersonal power: more power than their partner (expert), less power (novice), and the same amount of power (equivalent). Partners were either same sex or other sex. Participants used more direct strategies when they were experts and more indirect strategies when they were novices, and women and men were very similar in the strategies they selected. Overall, power differences had a more profound effect than gender in predicting the choice of influence strategies. What are often construed as gender differences in social influence probably are perceived power differences. As such, gender differences in behavior must be understood within a context of status and power.
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FEDOTOVA, I. "DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF MOTOR-TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIP RELATIONS ON THE BASIS OF STRATEGICALLY ORIENTED DIRECTIONS OF MANAGEMENT." Economics of the transport complex, no. 37 (May 12, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/etk.2225-2304.2021.37.115.
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Management of relations with partners of the enterprise is impossible without determining the level of relations with each group of partners and selection of key partners of the enterprise, which actualizes the systematization and generalization of existing scientific approaches to assessing the level of interaction with certain types of partners. Theoretical studies of existing methods of assessing the relationship with consumers, suppliers, staff and other types of partners of the company showed the presence of a relatively small number of works, which set out different approaches to assessing the level of interaction. In solving this problem, the tools of the generalized desirability function are used. The article offers a developed approach to assessing the level of inter-organizational relations of the enterprise with partners in the field of road transport. There are three basic strategically oriented areas of relationship management with partners: the company’s attitude to the partner (partner value); partner’s attitude to the enterprise (partner loyalty); the prospect of the relationship between the company and the partner. The main directions of evaluation according to the proposed characteristics are given, which reveal these directions for optimal use of opportunities in providing and developing motor-transport enterprise (MTE) partnerships. A system of indicators for assessing the level of MTE relationships with the main types of partners (both external and internal) has been formed. An algorithm for estimating the level of MTE relationships with individual partners is proposed. A scale for assessing the relationship of MTE with partners based on the definition of the category of the relationship level in accordance with the value of the generalized desirability function. For a visual assessment of the level of MTE relations with partners, it is proposed to use a matrix built in three-dimensional space, along whose axes there are complex indicators for assessing the level of interaction, which are strategically oriented areas of partner relations management. The offered methodical bases of an estimation of relationship with partners allow to estimate a level of relations with all types of partners, to group them on a level of relations, choose key partners, develop strategies of mutual relations, and form individual relations with key partners.
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McCracken, Susan, Steven E. Salterio, and Regan N. Schmidt. "Do Managers Intend to Use the Same Negotiation Strategies as Partners?" Behavioral Research in Accounting 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 131–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/bria.2011.23.1.131.
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ABSTRACT: Most auditor client management (ACM) negotiations occur between partners and client management; however, managers also attempt to resolve issues with client management. Given that ACM negotiation impacts the financial statements, an understanding of whether the intended negotiation strategies of partners and managers differ is important. A key feature of the ACM setting is that partners have more power/status and experience than managers. Prior research provides conflicting predictions about the use of integrative strategies based on experience or power/status. Our results, consistent with the power/status hypothesis, demonstrate managers are more likely than partners to intend to use integrative strategies. Conversely, research on distributive strategies provides similar predictions for partner/manager strategy usage for experience and power/status. We find partners are more likely to intend to use the contending strategy and managers are more likely to intend to use the compromising and concessionary strategies. However, these findings are dependent on accounting context.
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Bowelo, Motsholathebe, Serai Daniel Rakgoasi, and Mpho Keetile. "Partner faithfulness and sexual reproductive health practices in Botswana: does perception of partner infidelity influence sexual risk behaviours of people aged 10–34 years?" Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 4 (October 15, 2019): 547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000622.
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AbstractThe main aim of this study was to test whether perception of partner infidelity prompts people to adopt behaviour that is meant to compensate for the increased risk of infection posed by their partner’s infidelity; or whether it prompts people to engage in behaviour that magnifies the risk associated with partner infidelity. Data used were derived from the fourth and latest Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS IV) conducted in 2013. The sample consisted of 6985 people aged 10–34 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with perception of partner infidelity and sexual risk behaviours. Perception of partner infidelity with the current and most recent partner was 39.6% while perception of partner infidelity with other previous sexual partners was 79.9%. The main socio-demographic factors associated with perception of partner infidelity were being a man, being single and having secondary education, while sexual risk behaviours associated with perception of partner infidelity were having multiple sexual partners and being involved in multiple concurrent sexual partnerships. These relationships were statistically significant at the 5% level. Botswana’s HIV prevention strategies should seek to improve partner communication within relationships in order to enhance people’s confidence and skills so as to minimize perceptions of infidelity.
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Butner-Kozimor, Laura, and Jyoti Savla. "Good, Bad, and Ugly: Partner Support and Quality of Life Among Couples Facing Skin Cancer." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1390.
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Abstract When older adults in partnered relationships face a skin cancer diagnosis of one partner, couples may rely on one another for support. Previous studies have found that perceived support can influence one’s adjustment to the stressors associated with the skin cancer diagnosis, as well as influence the overall quality of life. Using dyadic data from 30 older couples (Mage = 70; SD = 7.25), this study examined positive and negative relationship-focused support strategies each partner provided and effects on the dyad’s quality of life. Dyadic path analyses simultaneously examined the impact of support received by one’s partner and its association with their own quality of life (actor effects) and their partner’s quality of life (partner effects). Positive support received by either partner, in the form of active engagement, was not associated with quality of life. In contrast, negative support in the form of protective buffering received from supporting partners was associated with poorer quality of life for themselves (β = -.37, p = .05) as well as for partners with skin cancer (β = -.43, p = .01). Similarly, overprotection, also a negative support strategy, by supporting partners was associated with poorer quality of life for partners with skin cancer (β = -.63, p < .001). Findings illustrate that not all types of support are beneficial for the overall couple relationship and couple outcomes. Implications for practice and interventions for older couples facing a cancer diagnosis will be discussed.
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Matthews, Lynn T., Letitia Greener, Hazar Khidir, Christina Psaros, Abigail Harrison, F. Nzwakie Mosery, Mxolisi Mathenjwa, et al. "“It really proves to us that we are still valuable”: Qualitative research to inform a safer conception intervention for men living with HIV in South Africa." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): e0240990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240990.
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Objective Many men living with HIV want to have children. Opportunities to reduce periconception HIV transmission include antiretroviral therapy as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis, limiting condomless sex to peak fertility, and sperm processing. Whether men have knowledge of or want to adopt these strategies remains unknown. Methods We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with men accessing HIV care in South Africa in 2014 to inform a safer conception intervention for men. Eligible men were 25–45 years old, living with HIV, not yet accessing treatment, and wanting to have a child with an HIV-negative or unknown serostatus female partner (referred to as the “desired pregnancy partner”). FGDs explored motivations for having a healthy baby, feasibility of a clinic-based safer conception intervention, and acceptability of safer conception strategies. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Twelve participants from three FGDs had a median age of 37 (range 23–45) years, reported a median of 2 (range 1–4) sexual partners, and 1 (range 1–3) desired pregnancy partner(s). A third (N = 4) had disclosed HIV-serostatus to the pregnancy partner. Emergent themes included opportunities for and challenges to engaging men in safer conception services. Opportunities included enthusiasm for a clinic-based safer conception intervention and acceptance of some safer conception strategies. Challenges included poor understanding of safer conception strategies, unfamiliarity with risk reduction [versus “safe” (condoms) and “unsafe” (condomless) sex], mixed acceptability of safer conception strategies, and concerns about disclosing HIV-serostatus to a partner. Conclusions Men living with HIV expressed interest in safer conception and willingness to attend clinic programs. Imprecise prevention counseling messages make it difficult for men to conceptualize risk reduction. Effective safer conception programs should embrace clear language, e.g. undetectable = untransmittable (U = U), and support multiple approaches to serostatus disclosure to pregnancy partners.
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Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J. "Young females’ sexual self-efficacy: associations with personal autonomy and the couple relationship." Sexual Health 10, no. 3 (2013): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12139.
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Background Theory suggests that young women’s own efficacy for sexual self-protective behaviour is greater when they are more advanced in their cognitive autonomy, and when they have romantic partners who support autonomy rather than engage in coercive behaviours and are warm and accepting rather than rejecting. Methods: A total of 199 women (aged 16 to 25 years) completed questionnaires measuring sexual self-efficacy, autonomy, partner communication and their partners’ behaviours. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modelling. Results: Correlations showed that young women reported more self-efficacy when they had greater autonomy and reported partners to be more supportive and warmer, and less coercive and rejecting. In structural equation modelling, the association of women’s autonomy with sexual self-efficacy was indirect via their perceived capacity to communicate with their partners. Associations of partner behaviours with sexual self-efficacy were both direct and indirect via the capacity to communicate. Conclusions: Sexual efficacy is enhanced among young women who report a greater general capacity to communicate openly with their partners and have partners who display more warmth and less rejecting behaviours. Young women are also higher in sexual self-efficacy when they report more cognitive autonomy and lower partner coercion, but these associations are completely indirect via females’ greater capacity to communicate openly. The findings provide support for sexual health programs focussing on decision-making skills, personal competence, partners’ behaviours and dyadic communication strategies.
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Petrushkevich, A. N. "INTERNATIONAL SPECIALIZATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN THE EAEU: OPPORTUNITIES FORI NVESTMENT INTEGRATION." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2018-4-40-61.
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The article presents the possibility of using a country's bilateral trade analysis as the informational basis for identifying priority areas and industries in manufacturing from which outward direct investment (ODI) could be promoted to the host countries that are trading partners within the integration area. There has been elaborated a methodology for determining priority industries and types of ODI strategies. It includes eight stages of a dynamic assessment of the country's international specialization change in bilateral trade. The methodology comprises the evaluation of the following indicators: comparative advantages in international trade between the country and partners in order to determine the priority sectors for ODI identify the types of ODI strategies; the nature of intra-industry trade of the country and partner countries to determine the possibilities for global and regional value chains creation. The methodology has been applied to the case of theRepublicofBelarus. There have been evaluated the dynamic changes in its international specialization in bilateral trade with the EAEU partner countries on the basis of the 4-digit UN Standard International Trade Classification code. Static and dynamic effects of integration were identified, on the basis of which the types of potential ODI strategies fromBelarusto the EAEU partner countries were revealed.
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Coombe, Jacqueline, Jane Goller, Helen Bittleston, Alaina Vaisey, Lena Sanci, Anita Groos, Jane Tomnay, Meredith Temple-Smith, and Jane Hocking. "Sexually transmissible infections, partner notification and intimate relationships: a qualitative study exploring the perspectives of general practitioners and people with a recent chlamydia infection." Sexual Health 17, no. 6 (2020): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh20109.
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Background Individuals diagnosed with a chlamydia infection are advised to notify their sexual partners from the previous 6 months so that they too can get tested and treated as appropriate. Partner notification is an essential component of chlamydia management, helping to prevent ongoing transmission and repeat infection in the index case. However, partner notification can be challenging, particularly in circumstances where a relationship has ended or transmission has occurred beyond the primary relationship. Methods: In this study we use data from 43 semistructured interviews with general practitioners (GPs) and people with a recent diagnosis of chlamydia. The interviews examined experiences of chlamydia case management in the general practice context. Here, we focus specifically on the effect of a chlamydia infection on intimate relationships in the context of the consultation and beyond.? Results: A chlamydia infection can have significant consequences for intimate relationships. Although GPs reported speaking to their patients about the importance of partner notification and participants with a recent chlamydia infection reported notifying their sexual partners, both would appreciate further support to engage in these conversations. Conclusions: Conversations with patients should go beyond simply informing them of the need to notify their sexual partners from the previous 6 months, and should provide information about why partner notification is important and discuss strategies for informing partners, particularly for those in ongoing relationships. Ensuring GPs have the training and support to engage in these conversations with confidence is vital.
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Bellhouse, Clare, Sandra Walker, Christopher K. Fairley, Eric PF Chow, and Jade E. Bilardi. "Getting the terminology right in sexual health research: the importance of accurately classifying fuck buddies among men who have sex with men." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 7 (March 29, 2017): 487–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2016-053000.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this report was to raise the issue of the definition and classification of partner terminology in men who have sex with men (MSM) research, particularly in regards to ‘fuck buddies’. If definitions in research differ from general consensus in the MSM population, it is possible that public health strategies will be ineffective as the target population may be inaccurate.MethodsThirty semistructured interviews with MSM attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre were conducted, focusing on the willingness to change sexual practices to reduce the risk of pharyngeal gonorrhoea. As part of these interviews, men were also asked their views on the terminology they used to describe their relationships and sexual partners.ResultsThe degree of emotional attachment often defined the type or classification of relationships. There was a consensus among men that partners they engaged with for ‘sex only’ were classified as casual partners and partners with whom there was an emotional attachment or formalisation of the relationship were classified as ‘regular partners’. However, the classification of ‘fuck buddy’ as a regular or casual partner was less clear.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to ascertain the ways in which men conceptualise sexual relationships and define or classify partner types, particularly ‘fuck buddy’ relationships. A third category for sexual relationships should be considered to encapsulate fuck buddy relationships.
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Ndayala, Phoebe D., Lucy W. Ngige, Alice Ondigi, and Humphries Evelia. "Sexual Practices and HIV Seropositivity Disclosure among Adults in Nairobi, Kenya." East African Journal of Health and Science 3, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.3.1.265.
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The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between sexual practices and HIV seropositive status disclosure to sexual partners by People Living with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (PLWHIV) in Nairobi, Kenya. A survey was conducted among 232 PLWHIV who were registered members of HIV support groups in an informal settlement. Results showed that half (50.5%) of the respondents had disclosed their HIV seropositive status to their sexual partners. Chi-square results revealed statistically significant relationships between HIV seropositive disclosure and the following sexual behaviours: condom use in the last sexual encounter (χ2 = 12.144; df = 1; p = 0.001); regular sexual partner (χ2 = 5.124; df = 1; p = 0.024); agreement on HIV testing with sexual partner (χ2 = 3.873; df = 1; p = 0.039) and knowledge of sexual partners’ HIV serostatus (χ2 = 6.536; df = 1; p = 0.011). The binary logistic regression results established four positive predictors of self-disclosure to sexual partners as regular sexual partner (AOR = 2.506; p = 0.012), knowledge of sexual partners’ HIV serostatus (AOR = 3.949; p = 0.015), condom use during the last sexual encounter (AOR = 3.507; p = 0.035) and agreement on HIV testing with sexual partner (AOR = 2.560; p = 0.020). However, the desire to conceive (AOR = 3.050; p = 0.094) and the method of testing HIV serostatus (AOR = 0.853; p = 0.530) were not significant predictors of HIV seropositivity disclosure. It was concluded that respondents who knew their partners HIV serostatus and also used a condom during their last sexual encounter were four times more likely to disclose than those who were not aware of partners’ serostatus or those who did not use a condom in their last sexual encounter. Furthermore, those who were in regular sexual relationships and also agreed on HIV testing with sexual partners were twice more likely to disclose than those in casual sexual relationships. An analysis of sexual practices of PLWHIV can therefore enhance the formulation of targeted strategies aimed at enhancing HIV prevention and reduction of risky sexual behaviour among PLWHIV.
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Oh, Yoojin, and Jongkuk Lee. "When do firms enter a repeated partnership? The effect of contract terms and relative partner characteristics." Management Decision 55, no. 10 (November 20, 2017): 2237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2016-0570.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the mechanisms of partner selection from the transaction cost economics’ viewpoint. This paper reveals that a firm’s choice to initiate a new alliance with a new partner or form a repeated alliance with an existing partner depends on contract terms and the relative characteristics of partners. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine 555 alliances in high-tech industries from 2001 to 2009, which the authors collected from secondary sources, including the Securities Data Company Platinum and Compustat databases. The authors use a logit model to reveal the effect of contract terms and relative partner characteristics on repeated partnership. Findings The results show that repeated partnership is less likely to be combined with equity sharing. Repeated partnership is also negatively associated with the functional scope of a new alliance. Finally, a firm is more likely to enter a repeated partnership when its partner is from a different country. Originality/value This research provides new insights into how the choice of an alliance partner depends on contract terms and the relative characteristics of partners. Identifying factors associated with partner selection helps us understand the fundamental mechanisms of initiating a new alliance. It allows focal firms to foresee the behavior of their peers or competitors in certain circumstances and thus provides important insights for developing corresponding strategies more effectively.
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Dian Wahyuningsih, Sriwardani, Jati Kasuma, N.R. Ayke Nuraliati, and Dio Caisar Darma. "Application of Market Innovation Strategies for Banjaran Coffee Products using the Walk Shop." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Research 3, no. 2 (July 22, 2020): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/ijer.v3i2.1463.
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The business development undertaken by this partner group includes several issues. Problems related to the development of marketing activities that have been carried out so far and want to change the marketing concept from online to offline. Although constrained by the limited location of store stock from each coffee partner, they still want to innovate directly through the idea of a tavern. The concept of business planning and product innovation is not yet understood as a tool that effectively recognizes business potential through on-going shop innovation. Marketing problems through other promotional media and cooperation. The method of implementation used to obtain solutions and target outcomes set, through training, technical guidance, and assistance. In the implementation of a team with experts who are experts in their fields, determine the stages and procedures in getting solutions to problems faced by partners, so partners can develop into sustainable businesses, and have competitiveness. The community activity program plan is carried out for 8 months starting from the preparation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, presentation, and reporting of activities and writing of publications in International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) journals, national seminar proceedings, and training modules for the implementation of activities.
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Aguirre, Elizabeth, Dominik Mahr, Ko de Ruyter, Dhruv Grewal, Jan Pelser, and Martin Wetzels. "The Effect of Review Writing on Learning Engagement in Channel Partner Relationship Management." Journal of Marketing 82, no. 2 (March 2018): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0121.
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To develop the knowledge and skill sets of channel partner firms, manufacturers increasingly introduce learning programs as part of their relationship management strategies. However, the engagement of channel partners in these programs tends to be low. The current research, conducted in collaboration with a Fortune 100 information technology company, examines ways to strengthen learning engagement. In accordance with self-regulated learning theory, the authors propose and demonstrate that when channel partners write reviews of a learning module that they attended, beyond providing ratings, they are better able to reflect on the relevance of their learning experience and are further engaged in learning activities. The audience and focus of these written reviews determine the engagement of the channel partner sales personnel; therefore, review writing is a valuable, informal mechanism to motivate them. These effects are moderated by characteristics of both the channel partner (salesperson's learning orientation and identification with the manufacturer) and the relationship with the manufacturer (length and exclusivity).
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Liu, Xiaohong, and Dan A. Simunic. "Profit Sharing in an Auditing Oligopoly." Accounting Review 80, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 677–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.2.677.
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This paper examines how partners in an audit firm can use profit-sharing rules to induce optimal partner behavior from the firm's point of view, taking into account the strategic competition of firms in an auditing oligopoly. We use a linear contracting framework to investigate the effects of profit-sharing rules on individual partners' various decisions, including their pricing strategies and effort choices.We assume that efficient audits of different types of clients require different effort profiles with respect to degree of partner cooperation. For example, the audit of a complex company requires different amounts of partner collaboration than does the audit of a simple company. Moreover, since it is too costly for an enforcement party, such as the head office of an audit firm or a court, to verify each client's type in order to resolve compensation disputes among the firm's partners, it is reasonable to assume that client type cannot be contracted upon for partner compensation purposes. Given this assumption, we derive conditions under which there exists an equilibrium in which audit firms strategically choose different profit-sharing rules to specialize in different types of clients, thereby earning positive economic profits. Our analysis provides insights into the strategic competition among the big audit firms, and helps to explain the observed differences in the compensation plans of these firms and in the nature of their client portfolios.
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Parker, Elizabeth M., Andrea C. Gielen, Renan Castillo, Daniel W. Webster, and Nancy Glass. "Intimate Partner Violence and Patterns of Safety Strategy Use Among Women Seeking Temporary Protective Orders." Violence Against Women 22, no. 14 (July 9, 2016): 1663–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801216631436.
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This study examined use of safety strategies, experience of violence, and perception of danger from intimate partner violence (IPV) among 197 women seeking temporary protective orders against their abusive partners/ex-partners. Latent class analysis was used to group women into classes based on their use of safety strategies. Five classes of strategy use were identified: two high-activity classes, two moderately active classes, and one low-activity class. More severe abuse, increased perception of danger, and unemployment were associated with being in the higher activity classes. More effective interventions and outreach tools are needed to help women in IPV situations.
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Mutter, Joanne, and Kaye Thorn. "Global mobility and the career of the stay-at-home partner." Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research 7, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-08-2018-0042.
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Purpose Contemporary global mobility and dual careers are two key features of working life today. Little is known, however, about where they intersect, where one partner travels for their career, while the other partner is left behind, caring for the family and attempting to manage their own career. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the partner’s career is impacted by the traveller’s absence, and the strategies employed to enable their continued career development. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs a qualitative methodology, drawing on semi-structured interviews with the partners of international yachtsmen. Findings The findings highlight the prioritisation of the traveller’s career, for reasons of finance and their passion for their career. The implications of this could be detrimental to the partner’s career. Personalised, flexible working arrangements are essential in order for the partner to achieve a sustainable career of their own. Research limitations/implications The gendered nature of the sample provides an opportunity for further research examining the implications of the female being the traveller and the male the stay at home partner. Practical implications The paper examines a range of alternative strategies for maintaining or developing the career when also faced with additional family responsibilities. Originality/value This paper gives consideration to the career of the stay at home partner. A new dual-career strategy is identified – the entrepreneurial secondary career strategy, which has the potential to deliver the flexibility required to manage both work and family demands, and allow partners to enact their authentic career.
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Boniface Mensah, Betty Roberta Norman, John Jude Kweku Annan, Anthony Enimil, and Martin Agyei. "Awareness of HIV status and partner disclosure among antenatal clinic attendants: experience from a regional hospital in Ghana." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 014–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.3.0449.
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Introduction: A pregnant woman’s knowledge of her human immune deficiency virus (HIV) serostatus and that of her sexual partner and the disclosure of her serostatus to the partner puts her in a better position to make informed choices about her pregnancy, adopt strategies to prevent mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and reduce sexual transmission of HIV. Some pregnant women however opt out of antenatal HIV testing while others have challenges with partner disclosure. This study sought to assess the pregnant women’s knowledge of their HIV serostatus and that of their partners, and disclosure to partners about their serostatus. Methods: An ethically approved cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the antenatal clinic (ANC) of the Kumasi South Hospital, Ghana from the period 8th March to 5th April, 2016. A structured questionnaire was administered to 407 ANC attendants who were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data entry was in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using R Core Team (2014). Results: The study showed that 80.1% (n = 326/407) of the participants knew their HIV serostatus. Of these, 18.1% (n = 59/326) knew prior to the current pregnancy and 81.9% (n = 267/326) were told during the current pregnancy. Among those who knew their HIV serostatus, the majority [83.1%; (n = 271/326)] had disclosed to their partners. Most of the participants [70.76%; (n = 288/407)] had no knowledge of their partners’ status. Conclusion: Every pregnant woman should know their HIV status, disclose it to their sexual partners and know the status of their sexual partners as this will PMTCT, reduce HIV transmission and acquisition among sero- discordant couples.
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Larimo, Jorma Antero, and Huu Le Nguyen. "International joint venture strategies and performance in the Baltic States." Baltic Journal of Management 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bjm-12-2013-0189.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse investment strategies and performance of Finnish firms in their international joint ventures (IJVs) established in Baltic States. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyse performance of IJVs in Baltic States based on the IJV theory, international business literature, and foreign direct investments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) literature. The analysed factors include firm, investment, and inter-partner relationship-specific factors. To examine the propositions the paper used ten IJVs established by Finnish firms in various Baltic States between the period 1991 and 2005. Findings – The results show that the level of uncertainties in the countries and the differences between partners are not related to firms’ commitments and the entry mode choice. Several Finnish firms preferred cost leadership to compete with other firms in the local markets. In most cases there was a positive relationship between the level of partners’ equity share, commitment to the IJV, and the level of trust between partners. The results indicated differences in the IJV performance depending on parent firms’ objectives, their competitive strategies, mode of entry, age of IJVs, control strategies, level of trust, and commitment between partners, as well as depending on the performance measures used. Practical implications – This study suggests four observations that managers may need to take into consideration to improve IJV performance in the Baltic States. First, cost leadership strategy help to increase IJV performance in terms of sales. Second, social control mechanisms and narrow control leaded to better performance than formal and wide control. Third, minority ownership by Finnish firms in IJVs leaded to better performance based on sales, productivity and total performance whereas majority ownership had leaded to better performance in terms of total costs. Finally, the results confirmed that commitment to the IJV operation and trust on the other partner are very essential factors to IJV performance. Originality/value – The study is the first one to analyse in more detail based on several cases the IJV strategies and performance of Finnish firms in the Baltic States. The analysed factors include several such factors which have not been analysed related to IJV operations in Baltic States (some also limitedly in the CEE context).
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Шакотић-Курбалија, Јелена М., and Биљана Трифуновић. "POLNE RAZLIKE U STRATEGIJAMA SUOČAVANJA SA STRESOM KOD BRAČNIH PARTNERA U SRBIJI." Годишњак Филозофског факултета у Новом Саду 42, no. 2 (January 15, 2018): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/gff.2017.2.361-378.
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U cilju utvrđivanja značajnosti polnih razlika u korišćenju strategija suočavanja sa stresom, prikupljeni su podaci na uzorku od 446 bračnih parova različitih sociodemografskih karakteristika, starosti 17–81 god. Za ispitivanje strategija suočavanja sa stresom, primenjena je Brief COPE skala (Carver, 1997). Jednofaktorskom multivarijatnom analizom varijanse su ispitane polne razlike u 14 strategija suočavanja sa stresom: samoometanje, aktivno prevladavanje, poricanje, zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci, traženje emocionalne i instrumentalne podrške, odustajanje, ventiliranje, pozitivno redefinisanje, planiranje, humor, prihvatanje, religioznost i samookrivljivanje. Rezultati ukazuju da bračni partneri sa jednakom učestalošću koriste mnoge strategije suočavanja sa stresom, ali i da postoje polne razlike (sa malim efektom) u učestalosti korišćenja specifičnih strategija - samoometanju, traženju emocionalne podrške, traženju instrumentalne podrške, ventiliranju, planiranju i religioznosti, pri čemu žene na ovim dimenzijama postižu više skorove u odnosu na svoje partnere. Dobijeni rezultati su u saglasnosti sa rezultatima novijih istraživanja koja sugerišu sve veće smanjenje polnih razlika u učestalosti korišćenja specifičnih strategija suočavanja sa stresom, pri čemu se sve veći značaj u izboru strategija suočavanja sa stresom pripisuje socijalnom kontekstu. Budući da se strategije suočavanja sa stresom u mnogim istraživanjima izdvajaju kao prediktori generalnog bračnog funkcionisanja, njihovo istraživanje jeste izuzetno značajno za razumevanje bračne dinamike i karakteristika bračnog odnosa.
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Cunningham, Shayna D., Todd Meyers, Deanna Kerrigan, and Jonathan M. Ellen. "Psychosocial factors influencing the disclosure of sexually transmissible infection diagnoses among female adolescents." Sexual Health 4, no. 1 (2007): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh06032.
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Background: Individuals diagnosed with a sexually transmissible infection (STI) often face psychosocial concerns through which they must navigate to arrive at disclosure decisions. The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the decision-making process for disclosure of STI diagnoses to sex partners among adolescent females in Baltimore City, MD. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 African American adolescent females who tested positive for chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea in the previous 3 months. Three individuals also provided audio diaries in which they tape recorded a daily journal discussing their lives and experiences with STIs. Results: Female adolescents often do not notify all potentially infected sex partners or tell sex partners all of the STIs to which they may have been exposed. Although participants recognised the importance of informing their sex partner(s) of their STI diagnosis, there were other competing psychosocial factors that influenced their decisions to disclose, such as perceptions of the social consequences of having an STI including fear of stigmatisation and loss of relationship. Such concerns appear to vary by disease and partner type as well as previous STI experience. Conclusions: To increase disclosure of STI diagnoses, clinic counselling strategies to encourage partner notification should seek to engage patients in a dialogue regarding their fears related to their diagnoses, how this might affect their relationships with different types of partners and the individual and social meanings their specific STI diagnosis(es) might hold.
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Franz, Molly R., Rebecca L. Brock, and David DiLillo. "Trauma symptoms contribute to daily experiential avoidance: Does partner support mitigate risk?" Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 38, no. 1 (October 5, 2020): 322–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407520963186.
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Objective: The present study examined the protective role of partner support in reducing daily experiential avoidance (EA) associated with trauma symptoms in a sample of 154 couples during pregnancy. Background: Although psychological distress during pregnancy may hinder the developing bond between parents and infants after birth, high quality intimate partner support has the potential to enhance psychological wellbeing during pregnancy, particularly in the context of trauma. Specifically, partner support might mitigate the impact of trauma symptoms on maladaptive coping strategies such as EA by enabling individuals to safely encounter their distress. Method: Participants completed a semi-structured clinical interview of support and a PTSD symptom inventory, followed by home surveys of EA over 14 days. We examined growth trajectories of EA over 14 days using latent trajectory modeling within a dyadic framework. Results: Trauma symptom severity was associated with higher levels of EA across the 2 weeks; however, among women, the impact of trauma symptoms on EA was no longer significant when support from a partner was above average quality or higher. Findings also revealed partner effects; to the extent that women reported higher levels of trauma symptoms, their partners had higher levels of EA. Conclusion: Findings highlight the protective role of high quality support from intimate partners and suggest that trauma-related interventions targeting partner support processes, especially those implemented during pregnancy, might enhance recovery and prevent further distress and dysfunction among pregnant women experiencing trauma symptoms.
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Braun, Hannan M., Eddy R. Segura, Jordan E. Lake, Monica Gandhi, Jessica Rios, Manuel V. Villaran, Jorge Sanchez, Javier R. Lama, and Jesse L. Clark. "Individual and partnership factors associated with anticipated versus actual partner notification following STI diagnosis among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women in Lima, Peru." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 8 (November 30, 2017): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053292.
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ObjectivesA detailed understanding of intentions and practices related to partner notification (PN) following STI diagnosis can improve control strategies. We assessed participant-level and partner-level factors guiding notification behaviour among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women (MSM-TW) in Lima, Peru, including discordances between anticipated and actual notification.MethodsMen newly diagnosed with gonorrhoea, chlamydia and/or syphilis between 2012 and 2014 reported recent partners’ characteristics, anticipated PN practices, and actual PN outcomes following diagnosis. Generalised estimating equation Poisson regression analyses assessed factors guiding PN outcomes.ResultsParticipants (n=150) predominantly identified as homosexual (70%) and moderno (versatile sexual role, 55%); 55% of partners (n=402) were casual. Among all sexual partners, 35% were notified of the STI diagnosis, though only 51% of predicted PN occurred and 26% of actual notifications were unanticipated. 47% of participants notified no partners, while 24% notified all partners. PN was more common with stable versus casual (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR), 95% CI: 0.53, 0.39 to 0.73) or commercial (aPR, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.12 to 1.21) partners, and among participants who perceived PN as normative among their peers (aPR, 95% CI: 1.96, 1.37 to 2.82). A trend towards greater notification following condom-protected intercourse was observed (aPR, 95% CI: 1.33, 0.98 to 1.81). PN frequency did not differ by type of STI diagnosed.Anticipated notification predicted actual notification (aPR, 95% CI: 1.67, 1.19 to 2.33) only imperfectly: 81 (54%) participants’ PN practices did not match their anticipated behaviour. Successful notification despite anticipated silence (40 participants, 63 partners) was associated with stable partnerships and a normative perception of PN. Non-notification despite intention (43 participants, 73 partners) frequently occurred among participants reporting exclusively oral sex with the partner or with partners identified as activo (insertive role).ConclusionsAnticipated notification imperfectly reflects actual PN behaviour. Future interventions to improve PN among MSM-TW in Peru need to acknowledge partnership contexts.
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Sivay, Mariya V., Mary Kathryn Grabowski, Yinfeng Zhang, Philip J. Palumbo, Xu Guo, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Erica L. Hamilton, et al. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from People Who Inject Drugs in Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam: HPTN 074." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 8 (December 3, 2019): 1836–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1081.
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Abstract Background HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 074 evaluated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention interventions for people who inject drugs (PWID) in Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. Study interventions included support for HIV infection and substance use treatment. The study enrolled index participants living with HIV and injection partners who were not living with HIV. Seven partners acquired HIV infection during the study (seroconverters). We analyzed the phylogenetic relatedness between HIV strains in the cohort and the multiplicity of infection in seroconverters. Methods Pol region consensus sequences were used for phylogenetic analysis. Data from next-generation sequencing (NGS, env region) were used to evaluate genetic linkage of HIV from the 7 seroconverters and the corresponding index participants (index-partner pairs), to analyze HIV from index participants in pol sequence clusters, and to analyze multiplicity of HIV infection. Results Phylogenetic analysis of pol sequences from 445 index participants and 7 seroconverters identified 18 sequence clusters (2 index-partner pairs, 1 partner-partner pair, and 15 index-only groups with 2–7 indexes/cluster). Analysis of NGS data confirmed linkage for the 2 index-partner pairs, the partner-partner pair, and 11 of the 15 index-index clusters. The remaining 5 seroconverters had infections that were not linked to the corresponding enrolled index participant. Three (42.9%) of the 7 seroconverters were infected with more than 1 HIV strain (3–8 strains per person). Conclusions We identified complex patterns of HIV clustering and linkage among PWID in 3 communities. This should be considered when designing strategies for HIV prevention for PWID. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02935296.
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Laporte, Christine, and Grant Schellenberg. "Income management strategies of older couples in Canada." Canadian Studies in Population 38, no. 3-4 (July 5, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6489d.
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In this study, the income management strategies of Canadian couples are examined using data from the 2007 General Social Survey. The extent to which “older” couples, in which at least one spouse or partner is aged 45 or older, employ an allocative, pooled, or separate strategy is explored.Results show that the income management strategies used by these couples are correlated with relationship characteristics, such as common-law status, duration of relationship, and presence of children. As well, the likelihood of using a separate approach is positively correlated with levels of educational attainment and with the amount of income received by wives or female partners.
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Rolandsson, Bertil. "Partnerships with the police – logics and strategies of justification." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-08-2013-1172.
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Purpose – Political reforms call for new types of public-private or community partnerships, in which public services are shaped in collaboration with networks of public, business or non-governmental organizations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how municipal partners justify and thereby maintain partnerships with the police. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical material comprises documents and 26 semi-structured interviews with civil servants, politicians, and police staff. This qualitative study investigates three Swedish municipalities engaged in partnerships with the same police authority. Findings – Based on Boltanski and Thévenot’s order of worth, the paper describes how municipal partners manage two partly contradictory arrangements; one constituted by industrial and civic logics, and one constituted by domestic and industrial logics. Guided by these two different arrangements, they justify and thereby maintain their partnership with the police by alternating between a compromising strategy promoting adaptation to the police and a compensating strategy stating that they are independent partners with demands on the police. Research limitations/implications – This is a qualitative study that needs further confirmation before general conclusions can be drawn. Still, it suggests that partners justify themselves by making claims on being both collaborative and independent within these partnerships. Originality/value – Unlike research investigating how authorities initiate partnerships to organize integrated and cost-efficient public services, the paper highlights how partners justify their participation by alternating between two rather different but linked justifying strategies. The study applies a justificatory logic perspective that helps us understand that complex and sometimes contradictory arrangements of logics, which could threaten partner participation, also enable them to justify and thereby maintain their partnership with the police. Unlike institutional studies describing how tensions challenge organizational legitimacy this study describes how justificatory strains remain even when partners are able to justify their participation.
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Duguid, Shona, Emily Wyman, Anke F. Bullinger, Katharina Herfurth-Majstorovic, and Michael Tomasello. "Coordination strategies of chimpanzees and human children in a Stag Hunt game." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1796 (December 7, 2014): 20141973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1973.
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Much of human cooperation takes place in mutualistic contexts in which the main challenge for individuals is how to coordinate decisions. In the current studies, we compared the abilities of chimpanzees and young children to coordinate with a partner in two versions of a Stag Hunt game. When risks were low (the hare was of low value) and information was cheap (the partner's behaviour was readily observable), partners of both species were able to successfully coordinate on the higher value stag more than 90% of the time. By contrast, when the risks were raised and observing the partner was more difficult, the chimpanzees became less successful, whereas the children compensated, and so remained highly successful, by communicating more often and more specifically. This pattern of results is consistent with the hypothesis that humans evolved unique skills of coordination and communication in the context of especially risky coordination problems.
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Canta, Chiara, and Pierre Dubois. "Smoking within the Household: Spousal Peer Effects and Children’s Health Implications." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2015): 1939–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2014-0216.
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Abstract We study spousal peer effects on smoking and their implication for the health of children. Smoking decisions are modeled as equilibrium strategies of an incomplete information game within the couple. Using French data, we identify two peer effects: a smoking enhancing effect of smoking partners and a smoking deterring effect of non-smoking partners. An implication of these findings is that the smoking behavior may differ qualitatively in couples where both partners smoke and where only one partner smokes. This interpretation is supported by our finding that, controlling for total tobacco consumption of parents, the respiratory health of children is negatively affected only if both parents smoke.
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Bonache, Helena, Rosaura Gonzalez-Mendez, and Barbara Krahé. "Adult Attachment Styles, Destructive Conflict Resolution, and the Experience of Intimate Partner Violence." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516640776.
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Although there is ample evidence linking insecure attachment styles and intimate partner violence (IPV), little is known about the psychological processes underlying this association, especially from the victim’s perspective. The present study examined how attachment styles relate to the experience of sexual and psychological abuse, directly or indirectly through destructive conflict resolution strategies, both self-reported and attributed to their opposite-sex romantic partner. In an online survey, 216 Spanish undergraduates completed measures of adult attachment style, engagement and withdrawal conflict resolution styles shown by self and partner, and victimization by an intimate partner in the form of sexual coercion and psychological abuse. As predicted, anxious and avoidant attachment styles were directly related to both forms of victimization. Also, an indirect path from anxious attachment to IPV victimization was detected via destructive conflict resolution strategies. Specifically, anxiously attached participants reported a higher use of conflict engagement by themselves and by their partners. In addition, engagement reported by the self and perceived in the partner was linked to an increased probability of experiencing sexual coercion and psychological abuse. Avoidant attachment was linked to higher withdrawal in conflict situations, but the paths from withdrawal to perceived partner engagement, sexual coercion, and psychological abuse were non-significant. No gender differences in the associations were found. The discussion highlights the role of anxious attachment in understanding escalating patterns of destructive conflict resolution strategies, which may increase the vulnerability to IPV victimization.
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Whittenburg, Holly N., Katie A. Sims, Paul Wehman, and Christine Walther-Thomas. "Strategies for Developing Work Experiences for Youth With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities." Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals 42, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165143418813900.
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High school work experience is a predictor of postsecondary employment success for youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Developing integrated work experiences often requires schools to partner with local businesses; yet, secondary special education transition teams may not have prior experience or preparation in this type of transition work. Drawing on supported employment research, this article provides transition specialists and secondary special educators with practical strategies for identifying and engaging with potential local business partners and creating networking opportunities that build effective relationships.
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Venn, Susan. "‘It's Okay for a Man to Snore’: The Influence of Gender on Sleep Disruption in Couples." Sociological Research Online 12, no. 5 (September 2007): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1607.
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Snoring is a common cause of disturbed sleep for both the snorer and their partner. Whilst the physical effects of snoring are well documented as causing excessive daytime sleepiness, decreased effectiveness at work and irritability, it is also important to recognise the impact snoring has on the negotiation of sleep within couple relationships. This article analyses qualitative data from an ESRC funded multi-disciplinary project on couples’ sleep based on in-depth audio-tape recorded interviews with 31 couples (aged 20-59) where either one or both partners snore. Additionally, one week's audio sleep diaries were completed and follow up separate in-depth interviews were undertaken with each partner. The gendered nature and implications of snoring are analysed. Results indicate that there is a gendered conception of snoring, which is problematic for women in three ways. First, women who snore are embarrassed and stigmatised by this ‘unfeminine’ action. Secondly, the embarrassment that women feel about their snoring is compounded by their partners sharing that information outside the privacy of their relationship. Thirdly, by finding excuses for their male partners’ snoring, as well as developing strategies to cope with its disruptive effects, most women are prioritising their partners’ sleep over their own, and perpetuating their own sleep disruption.
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Oliveira, Layze Braz de, Christefany Régia Braz Costa, Inara Viviane de Oliveira Sena, Paulo de Tarso Moura Borges, Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo, and Renata Karina Reis. "The care provided to the sexual partners of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus." Rev Rene 21 (July 17, 2020): e43567. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20202143567.
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Objective: to analyze the care provided to sexual partners of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: cross-sectional study with 173 participants, carried out in a service specialized in the treatment of people with the human immunodeficiency virus, submitted to a statistical analysis (chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test). Results: having the partner invited to attend the health service (p<0.001), receiving guidance on prevention in the health service (p<0.001), and being seen at the specialized service as a couple for counseling on sexual practices and preventive strategies (p<0.001) showed statistical differences. Conclusion: there are gaps in the care provided to sexual partners on strategies for preventing infection by the human immunodeficiency virus.
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Eastwick, Paul W., Eli J. Finkel, and Jeffry A. Simpson. "Best Practices for Testing the Predictive Validity of Ideal Partner Preference-Matching." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167218780689.
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Many psychological hypotheses require testing whether the similarity between two variables predicts important outcomes. For example, the ideal standards model posits that the match between (A) a participant’s ideal partner preferences, and (B) the traits of a current/potential partner, predicts (C) evaluative outcomes (e.g., the decision to date someone, relationship satisfaction, breakup); tests of the predictive validity of ideal-matching require A × B → C analytic strategies. However, recent articles have incorrectly suggested that documenting a positive samplewide correlation between a participant’s ideals and a current partner’s traits (an A-B correlation) implies that participants pursued, selected, or desired partners with traits that matched their ideals. There are at least six alternative explanations for the emergence of a samplewide A-B correlation; A-B correlations do not provide evidence that ideals guide the selection/evaluation of specific partners. We review appropriately rigorous A × B → C tests that can aid scholars in identifying the circumstances in which ideal-matching exhibits predictive validity.
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Dawson, Liza. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission Risk in Analytical Treatment Interruption Studies: Relational Factors and Moral Responsibility." Journal of Infectious Diseases 220, Supplement_1 (July 2, 2019): S12—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz090.
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Abstract Analytical treatment interruption (ATI) is becoming common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure-related research, but its use is controversial. ATI raises concerns about risks of HIV transmission to sexual partners of study participants. Researchers may have difficulty addressing these risks, given that study participants’ private behavior is implicated, the partners are not enrolled in the research, and behavioral HIV risk mitigation strategies usually fall outside the study objectives. This analysis argues that researchers should assume some responsibility for partners’ risks, based on the importance of partner relationships for the study participants themselves, and out of concern for the partners’ welfare. Adding this responsibility is reasonable since the risk is created in part by research procedures, and since concern for third parties is often part of professional standards for healthcare providers. Study participants and their partners also bear some responsibility. Specific recommendations for measures to address risk are discussed.