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Freeman, Mark C., Paul R. Cox, and Brian Wright. "Credit risk management." Managerial Finance 32, no. 9 (September 2006): 761–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03074350610681952.
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Moloi, Tankiso. "The nature of credit risk information disclosed in the risk and capital reports of the top-5 South African banks." Banks and Bank Systems 11, no. 3 (October 12, 2016): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.11(3).2016.09.
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This paper used the Credit Risk Disclosure Measurement Tool (CRDMT) constructed on the basis of six main areas, namely, banks own description of credit risk (i.e., as it applies to the banks operations), banks strategy of reducing credit risk exposure (i.e., objectives of credit management), banks approach to credit modelling or the internal rating system, banks approach and the manner in which they assess their exposure to credit risk, banks credit risk mitigation strategies employed (i.e., collateral and other credit enhancements), and banks approach to the valuation of pledged collateral and other credit enhancements to assess the information disclosed on the risk and capital management reports of the top-5 South African banks. Results demonstrated that the top-5 South African banks were fairly in line with the main six credit risk areas that would result in an informative risk and capital management report, as proposed by the CRMDT. It was observed that there were, however, pockets of information that could be improved to enhance these risk and capital management reports, particularly the credit risk information made available to public. These areas included the information relating to banks credit risk mitigation strategies employed and banks strategy of reducing credit risk exposure, as well as the information relating to banks approach to the valuation of pledged collateral and other credit enhancements. These areas were noted for their partial or non-disclosure of information. Keywords: banks, credit risk, Credit Risk Disclosure Measurement Tool (CRDMT), disclosure analysis and risk and capital reports. JEL Classification: G21, G32
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Samorodov, Borys, Galyna Azarenkova, Olena Golovko, Kateryna Oryekhova, and Maksym Babenko. "Financial stability management in banks: strategy maps." Banks and Bank Systems 14, no. 4 (November 20, 2019): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(4).2019.02.
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To prevent crises in the economy, it is necessary to ensure the financial stability of banks, which is one of the main tasks facing the banking system.The purpose of this article is to develop tools for improving the efficiency of financial stability management in a bank based on strategy maps.Using UkrSibbank (Ukraine) as an example, two strategy maps are developed: a general management map and a local map – for the international payments division of the operational payments department. Structural elements of the designed strategy maps are: finances, clients, internal processes, training and development.Implementing the developed general strategy map in the bank’s practical activities involves the following measures: increasing financial stability; avoiding credit risk and optimizing the credit process; increase in profit; cost reduction; introducing new banking products; increase in the number of satisfied consumers; involvement and retention strategic clients.The developed strategy map for the international payments division of the operational payments department provides for the following measures: ensuring sufficient liquidity level of the bank’s balance sheet; introducing an effective system of analysis of origin of individuals’ and legal entities’ funds; direct correlation between employees of the international payments division and bank customers; timely informing customers regarding requirements updated.
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Panglipursari, Dwi Lesno. "OPPORTUNITIES, RISKS AND STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE THE RISK FINTECH LENDING: STUDY META SYNTHESIS." die 13, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/die.v13i1.6368.
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This study aims to configure by identifying opportunities, risks and strategies to minimize the risk ofthe existence of fintech lending as a financial intermediary institution using a meta-synthesis methodological approach. The number of articles sampled as much as 29 articles. The results show that business and investment opportunities in this sector are indicated by a large market share, the number of repeat borrowers, an element of trust between borrowers and lenders, a technology-based and uncomplicated loan system and without business guarantees. While the risk indicated by weaknesses in credit management or credit management is a risk that really needs to be considered, including in determining interest rates, and determining borrowers to be funded without credit analysis considerations. The strategy needed is to use a low interest rate strategy, a better management management strategy, a strategy to capture opportunities as well as a collaboration and growth strategy, as well as the need for the Government to make clear and centralized regulations and P2P platforms.
Keywords: Opportunity, Risk, Fintech Lending Strategy, Meta Synthesis.
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Fatemi, Ali, and Iraj Fooladi. "Credit risk management: a survey of practices." Managerial Finance 32, no. 3 (March 2006): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03074350610646735.
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Bouslama, Ghassen, and Christophe Bouteiller. "Human capital and credit risk management: training is more valuable than experience." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(1).2019.07.
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The aim of this article is to assess how human capital, and more specifically training and experience, helps in forecasting and monitoring credit risk. It uses a survey of a sample of loan officers in a major French mutualist bank and applies analysis of variance and correlation to determine the relationships among variables. The study of these two components of human capital in SME loan officers shows that their ability to anticipate risk depends above all on their training rather than on their experience. Some methods of anticipating risk are more important than others. Loan officers monitor their clients in similar ways, whatever the degree and nature of their experience. The findings have two important implications for credit risk management and human capital: first, both technical and regulatory training is crucial to enable loan officers to anticipate bank credit risk, second, experience, whether in banking or as a loan officer, only makes a difference in monitoring risk. These results will be useful when banks are planning recruitment, career management and resource and skills allocation. They also suggest that staff knowledge management will enable banks to use their human capital effectively to reach their own objectives with regard to risk control, and those fixed by the regulators. This work is, as far as it is known, the first to study the role of human capital in managing credit risk. The authors show that training is more important than experience in default risk anticipation, but that experience is useful in risk monitoring.
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Elgharbawy, Adel. "Risk and risk management practices." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 11, no. 8 (January 13, 2020): 1555–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-06-2018-0080.
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Purpose This study aims to compare types and levels of risk and risk management practices (RMPs) including the recognition, identification, assessment, analysis, monitoring and control of risk in both Islamic and conventional banks. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was conducted among the Islamic and conventional banks in Qatar, together with an analysis of archival data extracted from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database for the period 2009-2018. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and regression analysis. Findings Islamic banks encounter unique types and levels of risk that are not encountered by conventional banks. In Islamic banks, risks such as those of operation and Sharia non-compliance are perceived to be higher, while in conventional banks other risks such as those of credit and insolvency are higher; other risks, for example, liquidity risk, are faced by both. RMPs are determined by understanding risk and risk management, risk identification, risk monitoring and control and credit risk analysis, but not by risk assessment and analysis. However, the RMPs of the two types of bank are not significantly different, except in the analysis of credit risk. Research limitations/implications The study contributes to the debate in the literature by developing a better understanding of the dynamism of risk management in Qatari banks, which can be extended to similar contexts in the region. However, the relatively small sample size in only one country limits the possibility of generalizing the findings. The survey methodology is based on the perception of bankers rather than their actual actions and does not provide in-depth analysis for each type of risk, especially credit risk. However, using archival data, in addition to those from the survey, minimises the bias that would result from depending on one source of data. Practical implications The study provides valuable insights into the different types and levels of risk, as well as the RMPs in Islamic and conventional banks, which can help in guiding the future development and regulation of risk management in the banking sector of Qatar and its region. Originality/value The study helps to explain the mixed results of previous studies that compare types and levels of risk and RMPs in Islamic and conventional banks. Using different types of data and analysis, it provides evidence from one of the fastest growing economies in the world. It also addresses the concerns over RMPs in banks since the global financial crisis.
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Al-Shawabkeh, Abdallah, and Rama Kanungo. "Credit risk estimate using internal explicit knowledge." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(1).2017.06.
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Jordanian banks traditionally use a set of indicators, based on their internal explicit knowledge to examine the credit risk caused by default loans of individual borrowers. The banks are reliant on the personal and financial information of the borrowers, obtained by knowing them, often referred as internal explicit knowledge. Internal explicit knowledge characterizes both financial and non-financial indicators of individual borrowers, such as; loan amount, educational level, occupation, income, marital status, age, and gender. The authors studied 2755 default or non-performing personal loan profiles obtained from Jordanian Banks over a period of 1999 to 2014. The results show that low earning unemployed borrowers are very likely to default and contribute to non-performing loans by increasing the chances of credit risk. In addition, it is found that the unmarried, younger borrowers and moderate loan amount increase the probability of non-performing loans. On the contrary, borrowers employed in private sector and at least educated to a degree level are most likely to mitigate the credit risk. The study suggests improving the decision making process of Jordanian banks by making it more quantitative and dependable, instead of using only subjective or judgemental based understanding of borrowers.
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McCarthy, J. F. "PORTFOLIO RISK MANAGEMENT AT BHP BILLITON." APPEA Journal 42, no. 1 (2002): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01042.
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BHP Billiton has implemented a portfolio risk management strategy. The strategy is based on extensive quantitative analysis of the risks and opportunities in the BHP Billiton portfolio and applies leading financial markets thinking to a portfolio of natural resource assets. It enables BHP Billiton to more rigorously manage the risks within its portfolio.This paper will discuss the portfolio modelling process supporting Portfolio Risk Management. The process involves detailed modelling of changing financial markets (i.e. commodities, currencies, interest rates), the implications for the financial strength of the company (i.e. interest cover, liquidity profile, credit rating, gearing) and, ultimately, the implications for the business strategy (i.e. financial targets, growth aspirations, capital investments, acquisitions, share buybacks). This will illustrate how quantitative tools become building blocks for decision making beyond the market risk strategy and strengthen capital disciplines.
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Bilal, Ahmad Raza, and Mirza Muhammad Ali Baig. "Transformation of agriculture risk management." Agricultural Finance Review 79, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-05-2018-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the balanced role of internal and external compliance in risk evaluation process of specialized agriculture financing. The authors examine the adaptive behavior of risk managers to determine the role of proposed transformation for risk monitoring (RM) and control process in risk mitigation and avoidance of agriculture credit failure. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered survey was conducted to collect data from 353 risk-related officers and managers in Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited (ZTBL) Pakistan. The authors used a previously tested scale for the main constructs. The descriptive analyses were used to gauge the model capacity for determining the strength of proposed risk patterns in agriculture risk management. Findings The results reveal that risk evaluation process in ZTBL is reasonably efficient in mitigating risks. Given the sensitive nature of farm credit, there is a need of fundamental reforms in risk policy manuals in line with central bank’s agriculture prudential regulations and Basel-III standards. The results fully support H1 and H2, while H3 is partially validated. The result patterns indicate serious issues in risk evaluation process in agriculture finance that is causing higher delinquency in farm credit. Research limitations/implications Based on highlighted issues, the authors recommend valuable guidelines in the RM review system for agriculture financing products at ZTBL. Practical implications The authors propose remodeling of agriculture risk management and offer valuable insights to the agriculture financial regulators and government in taking policy initiatives in the pre-and-post agriculture risk evaluation process. The proposed model enables RM process to improve farm credit delinquency, particularly in ZTBL and other agriculture banking networks in commercial banks. Originality/value This is the first study to empirically investigate RM evaluation process in agriculture risk management of ZTBL in Pakistan, thus, offers new horizon of farm credit regulatory compliance in agricultural sector of Pakistan.
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Gamba, Andrea, and Alessio Saretto. "Growth Options and Credit Risk." Management Science 66, no. 9 (September 2020): 4269–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3387.
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We calibrate a dynamic model of credit risk and analyze the relation between growth options and credit spreads. Our model features real and financing frictions, a technology with decreasing returns to scale, and endogenous investment options driven by both systematic and idiosyncratic shocks. We find a negative relation between credit spreads and growth options after controlling for determinants of credit risk. This negative relation is a result of the current decision to invest and the associated change in leverage, which, in the presence of external financing needs and financing frictions, increase credit spreads while reducing the value of future investments. We do not find evidence that growth options accrue value in response to systematic risk, thus increasing credit risk premia. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
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Ndegwa, Michael K., Apurba Shee, Calum G. Turvey, and Liangzhi You. "Uptake of insurance-embedded credit in presence of credit rationing: evidence from a randomized controlled trial in Kenya." Agricultural Finance Review 80, no. 5 (June 22, 2020): 745–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-10-2019-0116.
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PurposeDrought-related climate risk and access to credit are among the major risks to agricultural productivity for smallholder farmers in Kenya. Farmers are usually credit-constrained due to either involuntary quantity rationing or voluntary risk rationing. By exploiting randomized distribution of weather risk-contingent credit (RCC) and traditional credit, the authors estimate the causal effect of bundling weather index insurance to credit on uptake of agricultural credits among rural smallholders in Eastern Kenya. Further, the authors assess farmers' credit rationing, its determinants and effects on credit uptake.Design/methodology/approachThe study design was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Machakos County, Kenya. 1,170 sample households were randomly assigned to one of three research groups, namely control, RCC and traditional credit. This paper is based on baseline household survey data and the first phase of loan implementation data.FindingsThe authors find that 48% of the households were price-rationed, 41% were risk-rationed and 11% were quantity-rationed. The average credit uptake rate was 33% with the uptake of bundled credit being significantly higher than that of traditional credit. Risk rationing seems to influence the credit uptake negatively, whereas premium subsidies do not have any significant association with credit uptake. Among the socio-economic variables, training attendance, crop production being the main household head occupation, expenditure on food, maize labour requirement, hired labour, livestock revenue and access to credit are found to influence the credit uptake positively, whereas the expenditure on non-food items is negatively related with credit uptake.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings provide important insights on the factors of credit demand. Empirical results suggest that risk rationing is pervasive and discourages farmers to take up credit. The study results also imply that credit demand is inelastic although relatively small sample size for RCC premium subsidy groups may be a limiting factor to the authors’ estimation.Originality/valueBy implementing a multi-arm RCT, the authors estimate the factors affecting the uptake of insurance bundled agricultural credits along with eliciting credit rationing among rural smallholders in Eastern Kenya. This paper provides key empirical findings on the uptake of RCC and the effect of credit rationing on uptake of agricultural credits, a field which has been majorly theoretical.
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Venkiteshwaran, Vinod. "Do asset sales affect firm credit risk? – Evidence from credit rating assignments." Managerial Finance 40, no. 9 (September 2, 2014): 903–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-09-2012-0196.
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Purpose – Asset sales can have opposing effects on firm credit quality. On the one hand asset sales could signal increased credit risk resulting from distress or on the other hand they could improve internal liquidity and hence credit quality. Therefore the impact potential asset sales can have on credit quality is an empirical question and one that has previously not been examined in the literature. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Using credit ratings as a measure of firm credit quality, in ordered probit regressions, this study finds evidence consistent with the internal liquidity view of the asset sales-credit risk relationship. Findings – Results from ordered probit regressions of credit ratings show that the likelihood of higher credit ratings is increasing in industry-level turnover of real assets Originality/value – Credit-rating agencies often cite the impact of asset sales on firm credit quality as a motivation for their rating assignments. Distress-driven asset sales could reduce firm credit quality whereas other asset sales could result in increased internal firm liquidity and hence improve firm credit quality. This bi-directional expectation leaves the question of how asset sales affect credit quality to be answered empirically and has not been previously tested in the literature.
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Zhou, Yining, and Jicai Liu. "INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT CREDIT RISK ON PPP PROJECTS IN OPERATION STAGE." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 25, no. 3 (April 6, 2021): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2021.14552.
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In PPP projects, insufficient risk management may lead to the breakdown of partnerships and even project failures. Among them, the government credit risk is regarded as unbearable risk and a key risk affecting PPP projects because of its high frequency and impact. Therefore, based on the contractual relationship between both sides, a principal-agent model for the optimal choice of investors and the government under the government default probability is constructed. This paper explored the quantity relationship of the government credit risk and the project utility through analysing the effect of government default probability perceived by both parties on the investor’s optimal effort level and government allocation ratio. The results demonstrate that the government credit risk will decrease the effort level of investors and have a negative impact on the utility of the project. Furthermore, the government’s modification of the contract allocation ratio based on its own credit rating can offset the negative impact of its credit risk on the effectiveness of the project. But this regulatory effect is limited. The findings effectively provide some insights and theoretical basis for solving the negative effects of government credit risk.
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Prorokowski, Lukasz, Hubert Prorokowski, and Georgette Bongfen Nteh. "Reviewing Pillar 2 regulations: credit concentration risk." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 27, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 280–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-02-2018-0033.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyse the recent changes to the Pillar 2 regulatory-prescribed methodologies to classify and calculate credit concentration risk. Focussing on the Prudential Regulation Authority’s (PRA) methodologies, the paper tests the susceptibility to bias of the Herfindahl–Hirscham Index (HHI). The empirical tests serve to assess the assumption that the regulatory classification of exposures within the geographical concentration is subject to potential misuse that would undermine the PRA’s objective of obtaining risk sensitivity and improved banking competition. Design/methodology/approach Using the credit exposure data from three global banks, the HHI methodology is applied to the portfolio of geographically classified exposures, replicating the regulatory exercise of reporting credit concentration risk under Pillar 2. In doing so, the validity of the aforementioned assumption is tested by simulating the PRA’s Pillar 2 regulatory submission exercise with different scenarios, under which the credit exposures are assigned to different geographical regions. Findings The paper empirically shows that changing the geographical mapping of the Eastern European EU member states can result in a substantial reduction of the Pillar 2 credit concentration risk capital add-on. These empirical findings hold only for the banks with large exposures to Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The paper reports no material impact for the well-diversified credit portfolios of global banks. Originality/value This paper reviews the PRA-prescribed methodologies and the Pillar 2 regulatory guidance for calculating the capital add-on for the single name, sector and geographical credit concentration risk. In doing so, this paper becomes the first to test the assumptions that the regulatory guidance around the geographical breakdown of credit exposures is subject to potential abuse because of the ambiguity of the regulations.
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Sharifi, Sirus, Arunima Haldar, and S. V. D. Nageswara Rao. "The relationship between credit risk management and non-performing assets of commercial banks in India." Managerial Finance 45, no. 3 (March 11, 2019): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-06-2018-0259.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of credit risk components on the performance of credit risk management and the growth in non-performing assets (NPAs) of commercial banks in India. Design/methodology/approach The data are obtained from primary and secondary sources. The primary data are collected by administering questionnaire among risk managers of Indian banks. The secondary data on NPAs of Indian banks are from annual reports and Prowess database compiled by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy. Multiple linear regression is used to estimate the models for the study. Findings The results suggest that the identification of credit risk significantly affects the credit risk performance. The results are robust as credit risk identification is negatively related to annual growth in NPAs or loans. There is evidence in support of a priori expectation of better credit risk performance of private banks compared to that of government banks. Practical implications The study has implications for Indian banks suffering from a high level of losses due to bad loans. In addition, it will have implications for the implementation of new Basel Accord norms (Basel III) by the Reserve Bank of India. Social implications The high and rising level of NPAs will have adverse consequences for credit flow in the economy in the absence of appropriate intervention by government and central bank in the form of changes in institutional and regulatory infrastructure. The problems in banking and financial services sector will lead to lower industrial and aggregate economic growth, and lower (or negative) growth in employment. Originality/value There is little evidence on credit risk management practices of Indian banks, and its relationship with credit risk performance and NPA growth. The need for an effective risk management system to manage credit risk assumes importance and urgency in the context of high and rising NPAs of Indian banks, and the consequences for the Indian economy.
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Oh, Joon-Hee, and Wesley J. Johnston. "Credit lender–borrower relationship in the credit card market – Implications for credit risk management strategy and relationship marketing." International Business Review 23, no. 6 (December 2014): 1086–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.06.010.
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Bai, Hang. "Unemployment and credit risk." Journal of Financial Economics 142, no. 1 (October 2021): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.046.
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Ferreira, Fernando A. F., Sérgio P. Santos, and Vítor M. C. Dias. "AN AHP-BASED APPROACH TO CREDIT RISK EVALUATION OF MORTGAGE LOANS." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 18, no. 1 (March 21, 2014): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2013.863812.
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Mortgage loans for home purchase require careful analysis by all parties involved in the transaction, and credit-scoring is usually adopted to assist the decision process. From a credit institution standpoint, credit-scoring for mortgage loan risk evaluation becomes even more important in scenarios of economic turbulence and recession, primarily because of the severe restrictions imposed on credit availability that result from reduced access to both money and debt markets and subsequent decreasing liquidity. Employing an AHP – Analytic Hierarchy Process – based approach in the creditscoring system used by one of the major banks in Portugal, this study proposes a methodological framework conceived to adjust trade-offs among evaluation criteria and provide decision makers with a more transparent mortgage risk evaluation system. Practical implications of our framework are also discussed.
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Mutamimah, Mutamimah, Mochammad Tholib, and Robiyanto Robiyanto. "CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, CREDIT RISK, AND FINANCIAL LITERACY FOR SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE IN INDONESIA." Business: Theory and Practice 22, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2021.13063.
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The problem of SMEs in Indonesia as a “high-risk borrower” that has not been resolved until today. The purposes of this study was to analyze the financial literacy as mediating between corporate governance and SMEs’ credit risk in Indonesia. This sample method used purposive sampling: 1273 units of Trade and Service SMEs fostered by Central Java that received credit in 2018. Twenty percent of the totals were taken, so the total was 255 samples. The data collection technique used questionnaires and interviews. The number of questionnaires distributed were 255 with a response rate of 95%, so resulting 242 respondents. Data analysis used descriptive and Regression Method. The corporate governance shown by responsibility, independence, and fairness did not affect SMEs’ credit risk. In other words, transparency and accountability is effective in reducing SMEs’ credit risk. Also, financial literacy can strengthen the influence of transparency, accountability, and responsibility in reducing credit risk for SMEs in Indonesia.
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Breton, Michele, and Oussama Marzouk. "Counterparty risk: credit valuation adjustment variability and value-at-risk." Journal of Risk 21, no. 5 (2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21314/jor.2019.411.
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Knapp, Morris, and Alan Gart. "Post-merger changes in bank credit risk: 1991-2006." Managerial Finance 40, no. 1 (January 7, 2014): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-03-2013-0052.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine the post-merger changes in the credit risk profile of merging bank holding companies and tests whether there is an increase in credit risk after a merger due to changes in the mix of loans in the portfolio. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use the expected variability of the credit risk of a loan portfolio based on the mix of loan types in the portfolio and the variability of the industry credit losses of each type following the standard Markowitz procedure for finding the standard deviation of an investment portfolio. The authors then test to see whether there has been a significant change in the expected variability (the credit risk profile) after a merger. Findings – The authors find that there are significant differences in both the level and variability of loan charge-offs and non-performing loans (NPL) among the various loan categories. The authors also find significant changes in the mix of loan categories in the loan portfolio after a merger. In addition, the authors find that the expected variability in both the charge-off rate and the NPL rate rises significantly after a merger. Research limitations/implications – This is the first of two papers looking at post-merger changes in credit risk based simply on the changes in the mix of loan types; it does not consider the actual post-merger credit performance of the specific mergers. That will be addressed in a subsequent paper. Practical implications – Financial analysts evaluating banking merger announcements may wish to include the impact of the likely shifts in loan mix and credit risk shown in this paper as they project the likely impact of the merger. Originality/value – This paper addresses an aspect of bank mergers that has not been addressed in the literature, the impact of mergers on credit risk. The results are likely to be useful to investors, financial analysts and regulators.
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Bilginci, Mehmet Resul, Gamze Ogcu Kaya, and Ali Turkyilmaz. "Decision Support System for Credit Risk Management." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 11, no. 2 (April 2019): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2019040102.
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Risk is an integrated part of the banking functions, which cannot be eliminated completely but it can be reduced by employing appropriate techniques. Credit processing is one of the core functions in the banking system, and its performance is closely related to management of the risks. The aim of this article is to develop a credit scorecard model which can be used as decision support system. A logistic regression with stepwise selection method is used to estimate the model parameters. The data that is used to construct the credit scorecard model is obtained from one of the pioneering banks in Turkish Banking Sector. The performance of the developed model is tested using statistical metrics including Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve and Gini statistics. The result reveals that the model performs well and it can be used as a decision support system for managing the credit risk by managers of the banks.
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Farfan, Kurt Burneo, Gabriela Barriga Ampuero, Edmundo R. Lizarzaburu, and Julio Cisneros. "Credit risk in emerging markets Peruvian listed company." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 3 (2017): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv7i3p6.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce the importance of the banking credit risk, the main elements that conform it and the main alternatives that are offered to access to a loan as well as a description of its measurement and management in the sector. There will be a general explanation of credit risk and the main parties involved in it. As the topic is developed it is going to be analyzed the lending process carried out by the banks as well as the quantitative and qualitative elements taken into account when taking a credit decision (The 5C’s of credit, credit scoring and models for quantification of losses for instance). Another thing to considerate is that Credit risk arises whenever a borrower is expecting to use future cash flows to pay a current debt. Also, the investors have the access for the information of a client and they are compensated for assuming credit risk by way of interest payments from the borrower or issuer of a debt obligation and the credit risk is a useful tool for the finance management. The Enterprise risk management in Peru changed in 2015 because the local regulator is in process to review the norm, including some aspects of corporate governance; these changes are not included in this research.
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Li, Kang, Jyrki Niskanen, and Mervi Niskanen. "Capital structure and firm performance in European SMEs." Managerial Finance 45, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 582–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-01-2017-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the relationship between capital structure and firm performance in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is moderated by credit risk. Design/methodology/approach The authors empirically test whether an SME’s credit risk affects the SME’s relationship between capital structure and firm performance by using a 2012 cross-sectional sample of European SMEs from Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the UK. Findings The empirical results suggest that in low credit risk SMEs, the debt ratio is negatively related to firm performance; however, this relationship is not present in high credit risk SMEs. Therefore, it is indicated that SME credit risk moderates the relationship between capital structure and firm performance. Practical implications The findings of the paper will enable financial managers to understand the importance of SMEs’ credit risk and will assist them in maximizing firms’ performance. Originality/value This paper extends the findings of previous studies by examining whether credit risk affects the relationship between capital structure and firm performance.
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Gustafson, Cole R., Glenn D. Pederson, and Brent A. Gloy. "Credit risk assessment." Agricultural Finance Review 65, no. 2 (November 2005): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00214660580001173.
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Crook, Jonathan, and David Edelman. "Special issue credit risk modelling." Journal of the Operational Research Society 65, no. 3 (March 2014): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2014.6.
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Daraghma, Zahran, and Lina Jardaneh. "Bridging credit risk using comprehensive credit analysis: evidence from Palestinian banking sector." International Journal of Business Excellence 1, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbex.2021.10046677.
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Glasserman, Paul, and Jingyi Li. "Importance Sampling for Portfolio Credit Risk." Management Science 51, no. 11 (November 2005): 1643–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0415.
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Cossin, Didier, and Henry Schellhorn. "Credit Risk in a Network Economy." Management Science 53, no. 10 (October 2007): 1604–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1070.0715.
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Satyanarayana, K. "Credit Risk and Capital Adequacy of Banks." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 4, no. 2 (July 2000): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290000400206.
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Prudential regulation of banks and financial institutions, especially the stipulation of risk weighted capital adequacy ratio, has brought into sharp focus their inherent weaknesses. The real licence to expand banking is no more a nod from the regulator than the adequacy of capital backup. The situation is getting complex with deregulation and globalisation wherein the inherent risks especially the credit risk and market risk, need to be covered by proper capital adequacy ratio. Asset managers have to be always alert about the inherent risk and return embedded in any proposed asset accretion. Even before stabilising with an adequate CAR, banks are required to gear up with the proposed and more rigorous new capital adequacy framework of Basle Committee. Instead of confining to centralised approach, the banks can plan and monitor continuously asset expansion at zonal/regional and branch levels with a notional concept of capital adequacy. While pricing the assets, especially in a decentralised process of decision making in the form of both fund based and non-fund based exposures, cost of capital for any additional exposure needs to be taken care in the relevant computations. Ultimately the scope for healthy and sustainable growth of any bank depends upon its competitiveness to attract capital which in turn depends upon the economic value added, i.e., return on capital net of opportunity cost of such capital. Now that the government has almost stopped further infusion of capital into (public sector) banks, are the banks capital market fit?
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Haixu, Liu, Zhang Yong, Li Hui, Mao Tianjun, Zheng Wenhui, and Li Jiao. "Probabilistic Calibration and Genetic Algorithm-based Bank Credit Strategies for MSMEs and Enlightenment to Tobacco Enterprise Management." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 6 (November 3, 2021): 5726–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.56.
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Objectives: To further strengthen the role of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in maintaining the vitality of national economy, governments around the world introduced many special policies. They kept guiding the banking industry to increase the support for MSMEs and reduce their financing difficulties in banks. Basing on the analysis of the bank's credit strategy for small and medium-sized enterprises of similar size, this paper gives the management strategy for small and medium-sized enterprises in tobacco industry to obtain bank credit when they cannot expand their turnover. In this paper, we proposed a binary classification model-based probabilistic calibration algorithm to calculate the default probability of enterprises in the formation of risk measurement model, and found the optimal solution of credit strategy using an improved genetic algorithm. Firstly, we discovered the enterprise’s information and invoice data of 123 micro and medium-sized enterprises with existing credit ratings. We extracted several features from multiple perspectives, such as size, relationship in supply chain, profitability, performance ability, and level of development, and removed the correlations among the indicators using principal component analysis (PCA). Secondly, the retained principal components were used as covariates, and we determined the credit ratings of the firms and the probability of default using discrete variables such as the credit ratings of the firms and whether they defaulted. Finally, we substituted the probability of default into the credit risk model to calculate the loss expectation and profit expectation of the credit portfolio, and used the profit expectation of the credit portfolio as the objective function of the 0-1 programming equation to derive the credit strategy with the lowest risk exposure and the highest return basing on the genetic algorithm.
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Bengtsson, Elias. "Investment funds, shadow banking and systemic risk." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 24, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-12-2014-0051.
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Purpose – This paper aims to consider the role of investment funds in the credit intermediation process and discuss various forms of systemic risk their involvement might give rise to. It concludes by drawing some conclusions on the policy challenges facing authorities charged with regulating shadow banking. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on findings from prior research and statistics. Findings – On a general level, the paper shows that even though traditional investment funds and hedge funds may be very different in terms of their investment strategies and business models, some of them share several commonalities from a systemic risk perspective. More specifically, it discusses how instability in the funding profile of investment funds may threaten their ability to substitute banks’ maturity and liquidity transformation; that their potential funding liquidity shortages, asset reallocations and leverage may contribute to procyclicality in credit and market runs on the systemic money and short-term credit markets; and that insufficient risk separation may elude managerial and supervisory oversight, and force banks to reduce or interrupt credit intermediation. Research limitations/implications – The paper points to the lack of timely and comprehensive data for uncovering the stages and entities involved in shadow banking. Without sufficient data, the task of policy bodies, regulators or macroprudential authorities to fully grasp shadow banking and its contribution to systemic risk is daunting. Originality/value – The paper represents (to the author’ knowledge) the first analysis of the role of investments in shadow banking.
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Escalante, Cesar L., and Peter J. Barry. "Risk Balancing in an Integrated Farm Risk Management Plan." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 33, no. 3 (December 2001): 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800020927.
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AbstractUsing optimization techniques in a Simulation framework, this study demonstrates the synergy between risk balancing and alternative strategies in effectively reducing risk under changing farm conditions. Highly risk-averse farmers tend to prefer integrated risk-management plans, based on the diversification principle, that yield offsetting combinations of the risk-reducing benefits of most strategies and the profit-generating capacities of the others. The greater appeal of a more diversified plan usually downplays the risk balancing strategy as the farm utilizes credit reserves to implement other production and marketing plans considered essential to Overall risk reduction. The farm, however, still realizes overall, though more regulated, reduction in its financial risk position.
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Prorokowski, Lukasz. "Revised standardised approach for credit risk in practice." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 26, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-10-2016-0093.
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Purpose Focusing on delivering practical implications, the purpose of this paper is to show optimal ways of calculating risk weights for public sector entities (PSEs) under the standardised approach in credit risk. Focusing on the changing regulatory background, this paper aims to explain the proposed revisions to the standardised approach for credit risk. Where necessary, upon the review of the forthcoming standards, this paper attempts to indicate room for improvement for policymakers and flag areas of potential ambiguity for practitioners. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses and analyses the revised standards for the standardised approach in credit risk with respect to the treatment of PSEs. This paper, analysing the current regulatory proposals, tests the hypothesis stating that the affected banks may experience higher or lower capital charges for credit risk depending on the following factors: Choosing the optimal risk weight calculation methodology; and choosing the optimal composition of the credit risk portfolio. Findings The paper advises on using sovereign ratings as a base of risk weight calculations and categorising eligible entities as sovereign exposures. Individual entity ratings are not readily available and the majority of PSEs remain unrated by the external agencies. The simplistic approach of using sovereign ratings results in a lower risk weighted capital than the approach of using individual entity ratings. The sovereign rating approach decreases the value of the original exposure by 77 per cent. Reliance on sovereign ratings outperforms the optimal solution proposed in this paper. Categorisation of eligible entities as sovereign exposures significantly decreases the risk exposure capital in the standardised approach. There are, however, specific criteria highlighted in this paper that must be met by a PSE to be categorised as a sovereign exposure. Originality/value In addition to testing various scenarios of calculating risk weights, this paper highlights regulatory areas that require further improvements and immediate attention from the policymakers and practitioners. At this point, the paper reports that the proposed changes to the risk weight buckets for PSE exposures may be erroneous and resulting from the typos in the second consultative paper.
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Singh, S. N. "Credit Risk Management Practices in Dashen Bank of Mettu Branch in Ethiopia." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 5, no. 2 (2021): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.5(2).86-106.2021.
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Credit Risk management becomes major discussion issues in the financial institutions because of uncertainty related to borrower’s business. The aim of this study is to assess credit risk management tools and technique that are being used in the bank and to what extent the current performance of the bank is supported by proper credit risk management policy, procedure and strategy. The study design is descriptive. The research applies for both qualitative and quantitative research method and both primary data (questionnaire) and secondary data were collected to meet the objective of the study. 15 out of 20 total population Purposive samples were involved at Branch office using census sampling method who works on credit to get reliable and valid information about the study subject. The data was analyzed using qualitative and descriptive statistics technique and frequency table. From the findings the study concludes that the bank has well organized credit policy that counter to credit risk they are exposed to and it also conclude that the bank has good credit granting practice and uses suitable credit risk assessment tools and techniques including loan follow-up, risk identification, measuring, evaluating, monitoring and controlling mechanism. However, the study also concluded that the bank has pitfalls such as absence of training for customers which results to loan diversion, absence of credit risk model that predict the risk level of the business and the priority sectors of the bank in terms of credit facility are highly exposed to credit risk which directly contribute to the increment of NPL. Thus, it is recommended that Dashen Bank S.C should develop independent risk management policy and procedure from credit policy and procedure to overcome those problems and to take measure on the spot.
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Jeon, H. J., and S. Y. Sohn. "The risk management for technology credit guarantee fund." Journal of the Operational Research Society 59, no. 12 (December 2008): 1624–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602506.
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Mian, Atif, and João A. C. Santos. "Liquidity risk and maturity management over the credit cycle." Journal of Financial Economics 127, no. 2 (February 2018): 264–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2017.12.006.
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I. Dimitras, Augustinos, Stelios Papadakis, and Alexandros Garefalakis. "Evaluation of empirical attributes for credit risk forecasting from numerical data." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(1).2017.01.
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In this research, the authors proposed a new method to evaluate borrowers’ credit risk and quality of financial statements information provided. They use qualitative and quantitative criteria to measure the quality and the reliability of its credit customers. Under this statement, the authors evaluate 35 features that are empirically utilized for forecasting the borrowers’ credit behavior of a Greek Bank. These features are initially selected according to universally accepted criteria. A set of historical data was collected and an extensive data analysis is performed by using non parametric models. Our analysis revealed that building simplified model by using only three out of the thirty five initially selected features one can achieve the same or slightly better forecasting accuracy when compared to the one achieved by the model uses all the initial features. Also, experimentally verified claim that universally accepted criteria can’t be globally used to achieve optimal results is discussed.
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Mashingaidze, Sivave. "Risk intelligence: How lessons from folktales/fables contribute to the implementation of risk management in banks." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 4 (2015): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i4art2.
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The objective of this article is to outline credit risk in banks and how fables/folktales can provide with life lessons to implement risk management systems that should act as a stop-gate measure. Banking institutions need to show how proactively managing risk becomes a cornerstone to explore opportunities, rather than simply avoiding dynamites. Risk Intelligence gives companies the confidence to harness risk to explore new opportunities. Lessons were provided from folktales/fables from the animal kingdom. The article adopted a literature review methodology and the results were that, for a business to be successful the medicine does not lie in the policies but the therapy lies in the spirit of oneness in the banks from top management down to the shop floor employee in the branch. By working together the banks can afford to curb credit risks
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P. Fassas, Athanasios, and Vasil Rumenov Lyaskov. "Exposure-based volatility: an application in corporate risk management." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(2-1).2016.10.
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This study develops a non-traditional measure of risk, an exposure-based volatility, for the non-financial company and applies this measure to capture both the downside potential of cash-flows and the probability of requiring additional external financing under most foreseeable conditions. The empirical analysis is applied on a particular Bulgarian transport company and concludes that the proposed measure of exposure-based volatility manages to capture effectively the peaks and troughs in the variance of cash-flows, thus, significantly outperforming the historical standard deviation. This non-traditional downside risk estimate is by itself extremely useful as it contains significant information about a given company. Furthermore, it can be used as a valuable input in several risk management tools; in the current paper, a robust measure of CFaR and an original interpretation of Merton’s credit risk model are presented
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Elbadry, Ahmed. "Bank’s financial stability and risk management." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 9, no. 2 (March 5, 2018): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-03-2016-0038.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of Saudi bank’s financial stability on risk management. Design/methodology/approach Different ordinary least square models have been used to study the significant effect of banks’ financial stability indicators on different types of risks in Saudi banks. Financial statements were collected of all Saudi banks (12 banks) from 2011 to 2014 from TADAWL website. Findings The results indicate a negative and significant effect of capital adequacy ratio on credit risk. Also, there is a significant and positive effect of leverage ratio on credit risk. Moreover, the results indicate negative and significant effect of provisions, leverage, ratio of loans to deposits and bank size on liquidity risk. Finally, results indicate a positive and significant effect of capital adequacy, provisions, leverage and asset utilization ratio on operational risk and indicate a negative and significant effect of loan-to-deposits ratio on operational risk. A robustness check was used to confirm the results. No differences between small and large Saudi banks was found. All banks are committed to apply Basel accord and Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) regulations. But there is a significant difference in applying SAMA toolkits regulations between 2011 and 2014. The 2014 results reflect very high degree of financial stability in Saudi banks when compared with that of 2011, also greater ability to mitigate risk exposure using different types of macroprudential toolkits stated by SAMA. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to Saudi Banks from 2011 to 2014. Originality/value This is the first paper to use the macroprudential toolkits, suggested by SAMA as financial stability measurements, to examine their effect on different types of risks in Saudi banks. SAMA suggested this group of toolkits to comply with Basel III new regulations and to minimize the degree of risk exposure of Saudi banks.
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I.Vasiliev, I., P. A. Smelov, N. V. Klimovskih, M. G. Shevashkevich, and E. N. Donskaya. "Operational Risk Management in A Commercial Bank." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (December 9, 2018): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.24130.
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The existing financial and economic situation in the world and in Russia impacts the activities of all sectors of the economy, including posing challenges for banks. In the conditions of prolonged instability, the banking community has to pay great attention to the risks taken and to manage them. Among all the risks that the bank is exposed to, operational risks represent a separate group due to its specifics, a lack of a systematic approach to analysis and a lack of identification criteria requiring more detailed study. The operational risk is unique in that, although it affects virtually all areas of the credit institution, it is difficult to establish and separate it from other bank risks. It should be noted that every year there appear all new types of operational risk that have a strong impact on the activities of the credit institution due to the development of information and computer systems, the complication of the instruments of the stock market and the improvement of business methods. Therefore, regulators of all countries try to constantly improve the regulatory framework related to the management of the operational risk of a commercial bank, based on the recommendations given by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.The article is aimed at developing an effective system for managing the operational risk of a commercial bank.The empirical level research methods used in this article are a description of what operational risk is, its types, tools and methods of assessment; comparison of operational risk management systems in the studied banks; generalization, analysis and synthesis of the information received; the hypothetical-deductive method is used at the theoretical level.Modernization and improvement of the operational risk management system helps stabilize the bank, increase stability and increase profitability, reduce the provision of capital for operational risk, and increase the attractiveness of banking services for consumers, thus benefiting a credit institution among competitors. In today's financial environment, the effective operational risk management is inherent in the long-term development strategy.
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Adelson, Mark, and David Jacob. "Strengthening credit rating integrity." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 23, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 338–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-11-2014-0047.
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Purpose – The purpose of the article is to explain the significance of key features of the SEC’s new rules for credit rating agencies. Those rules include three key items: they prohibit the influence of sales or marketing considerations on criteria development; they include guidance that preserves the ability of ratings to serve as relative rather than absolute measures of credit risk; and they require cross-sector consistency of rating symbols. When they were released the significance of the rules was under-appreciated because of other simultaneous regulatory announcements. Design/methodology/approach – The approach is to consider how effectively the rules address their target issues. In doing so the article explores how the final rules evolved from their original proposed form and from the statutory specifications in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act. Findings – The new rules should promote the integrity of credit ratings in the future. They should be effective in reducing the influence of sales and marketing considerations on the development of rating criteria. In addition they should enhance rating integrity through superior cross-sector consistency in the meanings of rating symbols while allowing rating agencies to maintain their traditional emphasis on relative risk. Originality/value – The authors are not aware of any similar work assessing the selected provisions of the new SEC rules for credit rating agencies.
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Lei, Jin, Jiaping Qiu, Chi Wan, and Fan Yu. "Credit risk spillovers and cash holdings." Journal of Corporate Finance 68 (June 2021): 101965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101965.
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Parnes, Dror. "Bayesian synthesis of portfolio credit risk with missing ratings." Journal of Risk 18, no. 1 (October 2015): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21314/jor.2015.301.
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Chovancová, Božena, Peter Árendáš, Patrik Slobodník, and Iveta Vozňáková. "Country risk at investing in capital markets – the case of Italy." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(2).2019.34.
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Given the current turbulences on the European capital markets, as well as the expectations of a new recession, it is possible to expect that the risk of individual countries and their capital markets will increase significantly. This is particularly the case of those countries, which have long-term problems with economic instability and imbalances. The basis for country risk quantification is the country credit rating and credit risk of the government bonds. The market-based methods react often differently, as their reactions to the actual market developments are more flexible. The purpose of this paper is to compare various methods of country risk measurement. The study is focused on the country risk of Italy, a country that experienced a turbulent economic development over the last two decades. The results show that the CPFER method and sovereign ratings show a similar level of country risk, while the market-based methods show a higher level of country risk.
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Sondakh, Jullie Jeanette, Joy Elly Tulung, and Herman Karamoy. "The effect of third-party funds, credit risk, market risk, and operational risk on profitability in banking." Journal of Governance and Regulation 10, no. 2 (2021): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv10i2art15.
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The study aimed to investigate the effect of third-party funds, credit risk, market risk, and operational risk on profitability in banking, especially on the banks included in BUKU 2 category simultaneously or partially. The sampling technique used in the study was saturated sampling. Therefore, a number of 54 banks was obtained as samples. The data in the study were quantitative data, namely in form of financial statements of banking companies included in BUKU 2 category for the period 2014–2017. The data were obtained from the websites of the concerned banks. The research method used was multiple linear regression analysis. In the study, to measure the third-party funds variable we used third-party fund (TPF) ratio, to measure the credit risk variable we used non-performing loan (NPL) and non-performing financing (NPF) ratio, to measure the market risk variable we used net interest margin (NIM) ratio, to measure the operational risk variable we used BOPO ratio, and to measure the profitability variable we used return on assets (ROA) ratio. The result of the study showed that partially third-party funds and credit risk had no significant effect on profitability, partially market risk had a significant positive effect on profitability, and partially credit risk had a significant negative effect on profitability. While simultaneously, third-party funds, credit risk, market risk, and operational risk had a significant effect on profitability.
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Michalski, Grzegorz. "Portfolio management approach in trade credit decision making." Medjunarodni problemi 59, no. 4 (2007): 546–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0704546m.
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The basic financial purpose of an enterprise is maximization of its value Trade credit management should also contribute to realization of this fundamental aim. Many of the current asset management models that are found in financial management literature assume book profit maximization as the basic financial purpose. These book profit-based models could be lacking in what relates to maximization of enterprise value. The enterprise value maximization strategy is executed with a focus on risk and uncertainty. This article presents the consequences that can result from operating risk that is related to purchasers using payment postponement for goods and/or services. The present article offers a method that uses portfolio management theory to determine the level of accounts receivable in a firm.
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Akbar, Jodi Septiadi, Arif Imam Suroso, and Rokhani Hasbullah. "Strategy Development of Regional Credit Guarantee Company." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210439.
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Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) have difficulty obtaining access to bank financing. One of these difficulties is due to the limited collateral as a credit requirement. The government overcomes the problem by forming a credit guarantee company to replace the collateral requirements. One company that runs a credit guarantee business is PT. Jamkrida Riau (Jamkrida Riau). This research aims to: 1) identifying environmental factors that affect the management of internal and external in Jamkrida Riau; 2) analyze alternatives in developing Jamkrida Riau business strategy; 3) priority strategy formulated exact in business development Jamkrida Riau in the future. This study using analysis tools an internal factor evaluation matrix (IFE), external factor evaluation matrix (EFE), Internal-External matrix (IE), SWOT matrix and QSPM matrix. The results showed that an alternative strategy lead in developing its business in sequence was 1) internal risk control in the process of credit guarantee; 2) capacity building capital participation of regional governments or other investors; 3) improve cooperation with other institutions related to credit guarantee; 4) an increase in information technology adaptation; 5) giving assistance to MSME; 6) product development of ensuring that corresponds to focus effort; 7) marketing product development. Keywords: bank, credit guarantee, micro and small enterprises (MSMEs), MSMEs credit, strategy.