Dissertations / Theses: 'Stratigraphic Seismic reflection method'

1

Lampshire, Laura Dermody. "Crustal structures and the Eastern extent of the Lower Paleozoic Shelf Strata within the Central Appalachians : a seismic reflection interpretation /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020628/.

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2

Calvès, Gérôme. "Tectono-stratigraphic and climatic record of the NE Arabian Sea." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until Feb., 18, 2010, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25475.

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3

Calvès, Gérôme. "Tectono-stratigraphic and climatic record of the NE Arabian Sea." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=25475.

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This study describes the tectono-stratigraphic and climatic record of the NE Arabian Sea during the Cenozoic. Compilation of regional knowledge and subsurface observations has in this thesis provided new interpretations and insights into the records present along this passive margin. The first is the rifting period (80-65 Ma) and the identification of a syn-rift volcanic sequence, comparable to other volcanic rifted margins. This is followed by the record of a drift sequence (~65 Ma to present day), composed of extensive carbonate platforms and an infill sequence of siliciclastic deposits. The analysed drift sequence (sink) is partly the result of the erosion of the hinterland (source) characterised by the India-Eurasia continent-continent collision. Influence of regional climate and/or tectonic forces on the accumulation rate in the sink was tested, but not conclusive as the study area (Upper Indus Fan) covers only a limited part of the sedimentary record of the Indus Fan. The thermal regime of the western margin of India is sparsely sampled, but once analysed, allows the definition of first order constraints on multiple rifting events. The post-rift subsidence of the margin is slow and anomalous for >28 m.y. after break-up, potentially in relation with vigorous asthenospheric convection and a sharp ocean-continent boundary. Past and present fluid flow is recorded in the sedimentary sequence of the Upper Indus Fan. The first is related to gas hydrate occurrence and is the result of the migration of fluids by a plumbing system to the shallow subsurface, expressed by bottom-simulating reflections crosscutting stratal reflections. A longer term fluid migration is recorded in this basin by the longest lived (~22 m.y.) mud volcano field recorded to date.

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O'Neal, Ryan J. "Seismic and well log attribute analysis of the Jurassic Entrada/Curtis interval within the North Hill Creek 3D seismic survey, Uinta Basin, Utah : case history /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2017.pdf.

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5

Weisenburger, Kenneth William. "Reflection seismic data acquisition and processing for enhanced interpretation of high resolution objectives." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74518.

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Reflection seismic data were acquired (by CONOCO, Inc.) which targeted known channel interruption of an upper Pennsylvanian coal seam (Herrin #6) in the Illinois basin. The data were reprocessed and interpreted by the Regional Geophysics Laboratory, Virginia Tech. Conventional geophysical techniques involving field acquisition and data processing were modified to enhance and maintain high frequency content in the signal bandwidth. Single sweep processing was employed to increase spatial sampling density and reduce low pass filtering associated with the array response. Whitening of the signal bandwidth was accomplished using Vibroseis whitening (VSW) and stretched automatic gain control (SAGC). A zero-phase wavelet-shaping filter was used to optimize the waveform length allowing a thinner depositional sequence to be resolved. The high resolution data acquisition and processing led to an interpreted section which shows cyclic deposition in a deltaic environment. Complex channel development interrupted underlying sediments including the Herrin coal seam complex. Contrary to previous interpretations of channel development in the study area by Chapman and others (1981), and Nelson (1983), the channel has been interpreted as having bimodal structure leaving an"island" of undisturbed deposits. Channel activity affects the younger Pennsylvanian sediments and also the unconsolidated Pleistocene till. A limit to the eastern migration of channel development affecting the the Pennsylvanian sediments considered in this study can be identified by the abrupt change in event characteristics.
Master of Science

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6

Burton, Andrew Joseph. "Seismic imaging methods applied to Devonian carbonate reef environments of western Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ42356.pdf.

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7

Miller, Steven B. "Application of complex trace attributes to reflection seismic data near Charleston, South Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50058.

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Complex trace attribute analysis has been applied to 24-fold VIBROSEIS reflection data acquired on the Atlantic Coastal Plain near Charleston, S. C., to yield an expanded interpretation of a Mesozoic basin concealed beneath Coastal Plain sediments. Complex trace attributes express the seismic trace in terms of a complex variable and emphasize different components of the original seismogram. Attributes derived from synthetic seismograms of thin beds are used to interpret the patterns observed on the real data. Complex trace attributes derived from the original seismic trace complement the interpretation of a Mesozoic basin originally imaged by conventional data. The combination of single-sweep recording and use of complex trace attributes is believed to support an interpretation of a transition from basin border conglomerates into finer-grained siltstones nearer to the center of the basin.
Master of Science
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Schorr, Gregory Thomas. "Study of seismic reflection data over Virginia Mesozoic basins." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91064.

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Studies of Vibroseis reflection profiles over the exposed Triassic-Jurassic Culpeper, Richmond, and Scottsville Basins, and another profile over a probable early Mesozoic basin (Toano) beneath the Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments, in Virginia indicate that resolution of the geometry of the basins is inhibited by small impedance contrasts between the rock units within the basin and those bordering the basin. None of the seismic sections exhibit reflections which can be directly attributed to a Triassic-pre-Triassic interface. Resolution of the geometry of the basin sediments depends upon the presence of anomalously high or low velocity/density rock units within the basin, and similarly the presence of large amplitude reflections from within these and possibly other basins may imply the presence of these units, which include basalt and lignite. A method of analyzing the refracted waves in the seismic reflection data with large receiver offsets for determination of apparent velocities and the geometry of the refraction interface is presented. The Culpeper seismic lines indicate a basin with a maximum thickness of 2500 m along the western side and approximately 1750 m along the eastern side of the basin. The maximum thickness of the Richmond Basin below the seismic line is approximately 2700 m. The Scottsville Basin contains sedimentary strata with a thickness of 1750 m and the seismic data from the Toano Basin indicate a thickness of 3000 m. The compressional wave velocity of the strata within these basins has a range of 4000-5300 m/sec.
M.S.

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9

Ecevitoglu, Berkan G. "Velocity and Q from reflection seismic data." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77793.

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This study has resulted in the discovery of an exact method for the theoretical formulation of the effects of intrinsic damping where the attenuation coefficient, a(v), is an arbitrary function of the frequency, v. Absorption-dispersion pairs are computed using numerical Hilbert transformation; approximate analytical expressions that require the selection of arbitrary constants and cutoff frequencies are no longer necessary. For constant Q, the dispersive body wave velocity, p(v), is found to be p(v) = (p(v_N)/(1+(1/2Q H(-v)/v)) where H denotes numerical Hilbert transformation, p(v) is the phase velocity at the frequency v, and p(v_N) is the phase velocity at Nyquist. From (1) it is possible to estimate Q in the time domain by measuring the amount of increase, ΔW, of the wavelet breadth after a traveltime, Q=(2Δ𝛕)/(𝝅ΔW) The inverse problem, i.e., the determination of Q and velocity is also investigated using singular value decomposition (SVD). The sparse matrices encountered in the acquisition of conventional reflection seismology data result in a system of linear equations of the form AX = B, with A the design matrix, X the solution vector, and B the data vector. The system of normal equations is AᵀAX = AᵀB where the least-squares estimate of X = X = V(1/S)UᵀB and the SVD of A is A = USVᵀ. A technique to improve the sparsity pattern prior to decomposition is described. From an application of equation (2) using reference reflections from shallower reflectors, crystalline rocks in South Carolina over the depth interval from about 5 km to 10 km yield values of Qin the range Q = 250 - 300. Non-standard recording geometries ( "Q-spreads") and vibroseis recording procedures are suggested to minimize matrix sparseness and increase the usable frequency bandwidth between zero and Nyquist. The direct detection of body wave dispersion by conventional vibroseis techniques may be useful to distinguish between those crustal volumes that are potentially seismogenic and those that are not. Such differences may be due to variations in fracture density and therefore water content in the crust.
Ph. D.

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Sopher, Daniel. "Characterization of the structure, stratigraphy and CO2 storage potential of the Swedish sector of the Baltic and Hanö Bay basins using seismic reflection methods." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-280684.

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An extensive multi-channel seismic dataset acquired between 1970 and 1990 by Oljeprospektering AB (OPAB) has recently been made available by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU). This thesis summarizes four papers, which utilize this largely unpublished dataset to improve our understanding of the geology and CO2 storage capacity of the Baltic and Hanö Bay basins in southern Sweden. A range of new processing workflows were developed, which typically provide an improvement in the final stacked seismic image, when compared to the result obtained with the original processing. A method was developed to convert scanned images of seismic sections into SEGY files, which allows large amounts of the OPAB dataset to be imported and interpreted using modern software. A new method for joint imaging of multiples and primaries was developed, which is shown to provide an improvement in signal to noise for some of the seismic lines within the OPAB dataset. For the first time, five interpreted regional seismic profiles detailing the entire sedimentary sequence within these basins, are presented. Depth structure maps detailing the Outer Hanö Bay area and the deeper parts of the Baltic Basin were also generated. Although the overall structure and stratigraphy of the basins inferred from the reprocessed OPAB dataset are consistent with previous studies, some new observations have been made, which improve the understanding of the tectonic history of these basins and provide insight into how the depositional environments have changed throughout time. The effective CO2 storage potential within structural and stratigraphic traps is assessed for the Cambrian Viklau, När and Faludden sandstone reservoirs. A probabilistic methodology is utilized, which allows a robust assessment of the storage capacity as well as the associated uncertainty. The most favourable storage option in the Swedish sector of the Baltic Basin is assessed to be the Faludden stratigraphic trap, which is estimated to have a mid case (P50) storage capacity of 3390 Mt in the deeper part of the basin, where CO2 can be stored in a supercritical phase.

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Castillo, Felix Vicente 1952. "Structural and stratigraphic interpretation of seismic reflection data from the North Barinas area, Venezuela." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558222.

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Guy, Erich D. "Analysis and modeling of high-resolution multicomponent seismic reflection data." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1044983175.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxxviii, 372 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Jeffrey J. Daniels, Dept. of Geological Sciences. Includes bibliographical references (p. 362-372).

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Tinker, Justine. "Stratigraphic and structural interpretation of seismic reflection data across selected sections of the Kaapvaal Craton." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9739.

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Includes bibliography.
The Kaapvaal Craton is one of the best preserved of all Archean cratons. It is partially covered by the supracrustal sequences of the Witwatersrand, Ventersdorp and Transvaal Basin (and correlated Griqualand West Basin), which span almost a billion years (~3.1 to 2.2 Ga). This thesis describes and interprets eight newly available seismic reﬂection profiles, acquired by the vibroseis method to 6 seconds TWT, and totaling ~720 km in length. New stratigraphic and structural features are identified across three main regions: the Kaapvaal Craton's western margin, the northern margin or Bushveld lines (ﬂanking the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament and across the western extremity of the Bushveld Igneous Complex) and the Kaapvaal Craton interior. The seismic data was interpreted using Charisma seismic interpretation software, Geoframe version 3.6 (developed by Geoquest, Schlumberger) on a UNIX, SUN workstation.

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14

Nautiyal, Atul. "Aspects of spatial wavelets and their application to modelling seismic reflection data." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26504.

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The propagation of seismic waves may be described in the space-frequency domain by the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld convolution integral. The kernel of this integral is called a spatial wavelet and it embodies the physics and geometry of the propagation problem. The concepts of spatial convolution and spatial wavelet are simple and are similar to other topics studied by geophysicists. With a view to understanding these concepts, some aspects of spatial wavelets and their application to two-dimensional, zero-offset, acoustic seismic modelling were investigated. In studying the spatial wavelet, two topics in particular were examined: spatial aliasing and wavelet truncation. Spatial aliasing arises from the need to compute a discrete wavelet for implementation on a computer. This problem was solved by using an analytic expression for the spatial wavelet in the Fourier (wavenumber) domain. In the wavenumber domain the wavelet was windowed by a fourth order Butterworth operator, which removed aliasing. This technique is simple and flexible in its use. The second problem of wavelet truncation is due to the necessity of having a wavelet of finite length. A length limiting scheme based upon on the energy content of a wavelet was developed. It was argued that if that if a large portion of the wavelet energy was contained in a finite number of samples, then truncation at that sample would incur a minimal loss of information. Numerical experiments showed this to be true. The smallest length wavelet was found to depend on temporal frequency, medium velocity and extrapolation increment. The combined effects of these two solutions to the practical problem of computing a spatial wavelet resulted in two drawbacks. First, the wavelets provide modelling capabilities up to structural dips of 30 degrees. Second, there is a potential for instability due to recursive application of the wavelet. However, neither of these difficulties hampered the modelling of fairly complex structures. The spatial wavelet concept was applied to seismic modelling for media of varying complexity. Homogeneous velocity models were used to demonstrate diffraction evolution, dip limitations and imaging of curved structures. The quality of modelling was evaluated by migrating the modelled data to recover the time-image model of the reflection structure. Migrations of dipping and synform structures indicated that the modelled results were of a high calibre. Horizontally stratified velocity models were also examined for dipping and synform structures. Modelling these reflection structures showed that the introduction of a depth variable velocity profile has a tremendous influence on the synthetic seismic section. Again, migration proved that the quality of the data was excellent. Finally, the spatial wavelet algorithm was extended to the case of laterally varying velocity structures. The effects of space variant spatial convolution in the presence of a smoothed velocity field were examined. Smoothed velocity fields were computed by a simple weighted averaging procedure. The weighting function used was a decaying exponential whose decay rate determined the amount of smoothing. Seis-mograms computed for this case showed that the algorithm gave smoother and more continuous reflection signatures when the velocity field has been smoothed so that the largest lateral velocity gradient corresponded to the lower end of the temporal frequency band of the spatial wavelets. In this respect, the results are similar to those of geometric ray theory. Also, the travel times of these models compared favourably with those of ray tracings.
Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate

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Pappano, Phillip A. "Structure and regional tectonic setting across the Atlantic Coastal Plain of northeastern Virginia as interpreted from reflection seismic data." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09122009-040224/.

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Rumpfhuber, Eva-Maria. "An integrated analysis of controlled-and passive source seismic data /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Guy, Erich D. "Analysis and modeling of high-resolution multicomponent seismic reflection data /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486464627806981.

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Jiao, Junru. "Residual migration velocity analysis in the plane wave domain : theory and applications /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3023551.

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Zhang, Yaohui. "Common conversion point stacking for P-SV converted waves /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1992. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9218599.

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Laletsang, Kebabonye. "Seismic exploration for metallic mineral deposits /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2001. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,27435.

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Mustain, Mahmud. "The application of the shallow seismic reflection method and AVO analysis to identify the water table reflection." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30442.

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A simple mathematical model of a sandstone aquifer has been constructed based on a local example, the Sherwood Sandstone of the East Midlands, UK. Simple seismic reflectivity calculations show that the air-water interface should theoretically produce a detectable seismic reflected wave for sandstone porosities as low as 10%. A synthetic seismic reflection dataset was constructed for a typical field survey geometry, and processed using the Promax system to produce a stacked section. The final section clearly shows the water table reflector. A field dataset from a subsequent survey has also been processed using the same sequence which also imaged a clear reflector at 30m depth. This is important evidence that the method has uses in identifying water table as a part of progress in shallow seismic reflection survey. The methods currently employed are (1) to define the optimum field, and (2) to define the optimum processing sequence, so that water table reflection can be imaged in a variety of geological situations. The application of Amplitude versus Offset (AVO) analysis to CMP gathers from the field data shows a characteristic increase of amplitude with increasing angle of incidence for super-critical reflection. In this way the water table reflector is clearly identified with the amplitude increasing by 30% over the range of incident angle from 28Â° to 34Â°. AVO analysis has also been applied to other field data that has a similar geological setting, but with a lithological reflector over the same super-critical angle. The resulting AVO curve shows a decrease in amplitude of over 90% with increasing offset, clearly differentiating from the water table reflection. Both water table and lithological results closely agree with theoretical predictions.

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Harsha, Senusi Mohamed. "Interpretation of Southern Georgia coastal plain velocity structure using refraction and wide-angle reflection methods." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25886.

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Ahmadi, Omid. "Application of the Seismic Reflection Method in Mineral Exploration and Crustal Imaging : Contributions to Hardrock Seismic Imaging." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-259396.

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The seismic reflection method has been used extensively in mineral exploration and for imaging crustal structures within hardrock environments. In this research the seismic reflection method has been used and studied to address problems associated with hardrock settings. Papers I and II, address delineating and imaging a sulfide ore body and its surrounding rocks and structures in Garpenberg, central Sweden, at an active mine. 3D ray-tracing and finite-difference modeling were performed and the results suggest that although the detection of the ore body by the seismic reflection method is possible in the area, the presence of backfilled stopes in the mine makes seismic imaging of it difficult. In paper III the deeper structures of the Pärvie fault system in northern Sweden were revealed down to about 8 km through 2D seismic reflection profiling. The resulting images were interpreted using microearthquake data as a constraint. Based on the interpretation, some locations were suggested for future scientific deep drilling into the fault system. In paper IV, the seismic signature of complex geological structures of the Cue-Weld Range area in Western Australia was studied using a portion of a deep 2D seismic reflection profile. The pronounced reflections on the seismic images were correlated to their corresponding rock units on an available surface geological map of the study area. 3D constant velocity ray-tracing was performed to constrain the interpretation. Furthermore, the proposed structural model was tested using a 2D acoustic finite-difference seismic modeling method. Based on this study, a new 3D structural model was proposed for the subsurface of the area. These studies have investigated the capability of the seismic reflection method for imaging crustal structures within challenging hardrock and complex geological settings and show some its potential, but also its limitations.

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Demirbaäg, Mustafa Emin. "Estimation of seismic parameters from multifold reflection seismic data by generalized linear inversion of Zoeppritz equations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37224.

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Samson, Claire. "Recording the Kapuskasing pilot reflection survey with refraction instruments : a feasibility study." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66063.

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26

Okure, Maxwell Sunday. "Upper mantle reflectivity beneath an intracratonic basin : insights into the behavior of the mantle beneath Illinois basin /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd865.pdf.

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Janiszewski, Frank David. "Seismic reflection and gravity constraints on the bedrock configuration in the greater East Missoula area." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05232007-120605/.

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Okojie-Ayoro, Anita Onohuome. "An approach to mapping of shallow petroleum reservoirs using sntegrated conventional 3D and shallow P- and SH-wave seismic reflection methods at Teapot Dome Field in Casper, Wyoming /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2143.pdf.

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Silva, Aristeguieta Maria. "Optimization of seismic least-squares inversion /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1993. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9325432.

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Jiao, Lingxiu. "Imaging of the Sudbury Structure, Ontario, Canada, using the seismic reflection and refraction method." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ62644.pdf.

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Ogilvie, Jeffrey Scott. "Modeling of seismic coda, with application to attenuation and scattering in southeastern Tennessee." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25871.

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32

Luca, Gheorghe. "Toward high definition reservoir characterization." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2175.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 149 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-124).

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Vieth, Kai-Uwe. "Kinematic wavefield attributes in seismic imaging /." [Karlsruhe] : Die Universität, 2001. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/vvv/2001/physik/2/2.pdf.

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Kirchner, Andreas. "Efficient repeat-modelling of time-lapse seismograms for reservoir monitoring /." [Karlsruhe] : Die Universität, 2001. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/vvv/2001/physik/2/2.pdf.

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Thesis (Doctoral)--Universität Karlsruhe, 2000.
Abstract in German. Hochschulschrift = Thèse/Mémoire. Also available via the World Wide Web. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/psview?document=2001/physik/2

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Zaske, Jörg Helmut. "Identification and attenuation of multiple reflections using wavefront characteristics /." [Karlsruhe] : Die Universität, 2000. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/psgunzip/2000/physik/1/1.pdf.

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Thesis (Doctoral)--Universität Karlsruhe, 2000.
Abstract in German. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-111). Also available via the World Wide Web. Also available via the World Wide Web. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/psview?document=2000/physik/1 http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/psview?document=/2000/physik/2

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D'Angelo, Richard M. "Correlation of seismic reflection data with seismicity over the Ramapo, New Jersey, fault zone." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45651.

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Reflection seismic data, mylonite reflectivity, gravity data, and earthquake hypocenters have been integrated into a possible explanation for seismicity in the Ramapo fault area. Seven reflection seismic lines were processed using variations in sorting and residual statics. Single VIBROSEIS sweeps were treated as separate sourcepoints. Compressional velocities and densities were determined in the laboratory. Reflection coefficients and gravity models provide evidence for reflections from mylonite zones. Earthquake hypocenters were projected into the vertical seismic sections. The results suggest a correlation between rock volumes containing hypocenters and rock volumes containing mylonite zones. The seismic line furthest from the Taconic suture displays fewer hypocenters and mylonites, in agreement with an assumed model of mylonite development possibly associated with obduction of continental crust. The mylonite zones in the basement may serve as local areas of crustal weakness for seismic activity occurring in the area.

Master of Science

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Khabbush, Khaled Omar. "A review of static corrections in seismic reflection surveys and a new method for their calculation." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286453.

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Helfrich, L. Cody. "Estimating oceanic internal wave energy from seismic reflector slope spectra." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594476671&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Moffat, Lucky. "Location of sub-fresnel scale mineral targets in the subsurface /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2004. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,62334.

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Chaudhury, Suman. "Marine geophysical studies of the southern margins of the Iberian Peninsula." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ee8721f-9324-48bd-8d57-b645e02d75fd.

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A wide variety of tectonic settings are juxtaposed at the southern margins of the Iberian Peninsula. The regional geology comprises an Atlantic passive margin in western Iberia, the convergent eastern part of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary zone between Africa and Eurasia, and an orogenic arc (the Betic-Rif mountains) surrounding an extensional basin (the Alboran Sea). The complex tectonic history of the southern Iberian margins is recorded in its sediments and structure, and these were investigated in this study using multichannel seismic reflection techniques in conjunction with other marine geophysical data. Multichannel seismic reflection and well data from the Gulf of Cadiz have shown that the earliest sediments are Triassic evaporites, followed by Jurassic carbonates, which form rotated fault blocks in the Gulf of Cadiz. Backstripping and thermal modelling has indicated that a rifting event took place in the Late Jurassic, which stretched the crust by ~20-50%. Gravity modelling, and mapping of stretching factors, has suggested that two zones of thinning underlie the Gulf of Cadiz, which are related to the original rifting event. Backstripped subsidence curves indicate passive margin thermal subsidence until the Miocene, when westward-directed thrusting and loading from the Betic-Rif mountain belt is reflected in a typical foreland basin tectonic subsidence signature of accelerated subsidence with time. A giant, chaotic body of allochthonous sediment was emplaced into the central Gulf of Cadiz as westward migration of the Gibraltar Arc led to oversteepening of the margin west of the Gibraltar Straits, while the Alboran Sea was simultaneously undergoing active extension. These allochthonous deposits are composed mainly of Triassic evaporites and Palaeogene shales. In the Gulf of Cadiz and Seine Abyssal Plains this body has the appearance of an accretionary wedge, but a 300 km long northern lobe of the body extends into the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain. This lobe is interpreted as being a cumulative mass wasting feature, formed by the gravity-driven downslope transport of large allochthonous masses as debris flows and slides and slumps, encouraged by a regional gradient and a pre-existing trough in the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain. The total volume of sediments involved was of the order of 72 000 km 3 , and the time of emplacement has been estimated as being Tortonian on the basis of seismic correlation with core data at DSDP site 135. This chaotic unit has formed a series of longitudinal diapiric ridges in the northern Gulf of Cadiz, which have been interpreted to act as a transport system for gas generated in the lower slope area to migrate to the upper slope where gas-related features are seen. Gas hydrates are present beneath the lower continental slope, as inferred from a bottom-simulating reflection on seismic reflection profiles.

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O'Brien, Simon R. M. "Adaptive raytracing-based suppression of severe water-bottom multiples in marine seismic data." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/NQ42483.pdf.

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Cypriano, Luís Fernando Katsuda Ito. "Cálculo dos coeficientes de reflexão e transmissão em meios anisotrópicos." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263146.

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Orientador: Rodrigo de Souza Portugal
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T15:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cypriano_LuisFernandoKatsudaIto_M.pdf: 3729581 bytes, checksum: 3c24bb11c96e5ce9e394fb618e43ea9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A maioria dos métodos de imageamento de subsuperfície aplicados em projetos de Exploração e Produção (E&P) de hidrocarbonetos assume o meio elástico isotrópico (ISO). Os meios isotrópicos, em contrapartida aos modelos anisotrópicos, são aqueles cujas velocidades das ondas sísmicas não dependem da direção de propagação. Entretanto, muitas rochas obtidas de testemunhos apresentam anisotropia. Logo, é natural que estudos dos meios anisotrópicos sejam feitos com o intuito de aumentar a precisão do imageamento sísmico. As anisotropias são classificadas de acordo com as simetrias apresentadas. As simetrias mais comuns em exploração de hidrocarbonetos são as simetrias transversalmente isotrópicas (TI) e ortorrômbicas (ORT). Quando uma onda impinge uma interface são geradas ondas refletidas e transmitidas. A razão entre as amplitudes dos vetores de deslocamento da onda incidente em relação às ondas geradas são os coeficientes de reflexão/ transmissão (R/T) de deslocamento. Os coeficientes R/T podem ser expressos explicitamente por fórmulas apenas em casos de alta simetria, por exemplo, isotrópica. Caso contrário os coeficientes R/T devem ser obtidos de um sistema de equações algébricas lineares obtidas das condições de contorno na interface. Neste trabalho desenvolvemos um código para calcular os coeficientes de reflexão e transmissão (R/T) para interfaces entre meios anisotrópicos. Dois critérios para a distinção das ondas geradas na interface são adotados em adição ao critério convencional da literatura. As simetrias utilizadas para os testes sintéticos foram as simetrias ISO, TI e ORT. O testes exemplificam algumas características básicas dos coeficientes R/T, como equivalência entre interfaces e simetrias inclinadas e a reciprocidade dos coeficientes normalizados pela energia
Abstract: The great majority of the methods for imaging subsurface invested in hydrocarbons Exploration and Production (E&P) assumes isotropic elastic medium (ISO). The isotropic models are those which velocities of seismic waves do not depend on the direction of propagation. However many core rocks exhibit anisotropy. Thus, the assumption of anisotropic media is natural in order to increase the accuracy of seismic imaging. The anisotropies are classified according to their symmetries. The most common symmetries in hydrocarbon E&P are the transversely isotropic (TI) and orthorhombic (ORT) symmetries. When a seismic wave impinges at an interface between two media, it generates reflected and transmitted waves. The ratio between the amplitudes of displacement vectors of the incident and the generated waves are the displacement reflection/transmission (R/T) coefficients. The R/T coefficients can be expressed by explicit formulas in cases of higher symmetries, e.g. isotropy. Otherwise they are obtained numerically from a system of inhomogeneous linear algebraic equations derived from the boundary conditions in the interface. We develop a code to evaluate the R/T coefficients interfaces between two anisotropic media. We adopt two criteria in addition to the conventional one for distinguishing the generated waves. The symmetries used for the synthetic tests were symmetries ISO, TI and ORT. The tests illustrate some basic characteristics of the R/T coefficients, as equivalence between tilted symmetries and interfaces, and the reciprocal of the energy normalized R/T coefficients
Mestrado
Reservatórios e Gestão
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo

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Wilson, Elizabeth B. "Hydrographic and seismic data analysis in the Norwegian Sea and offshore of the Solomon Islands." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1798966701&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Roberts, Brian J. "A broadside and end-on seismic experiment on the crustal structure of the Newfoundland Appalachians /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 1998. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,23082.

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Xiang, Jianguang. "High resolution seismic imaging of the near-surface : comparison of energy sources /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0018/MQ55550.pdf.

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Krawczynski, Lukasz. "Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretation integrated with 3-D Seismic Attribute Analysis in an Intracratonic Setting: Toolachee Formation, Cooper Basin, Australia." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16087/.

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This study integrates sequence stratigraphy of the Late Permian Toolachee Formation in the non-marine intracratonic Permian-Triassic Cooper Basin, Australia with 3-D seismic attribute analysis to predict the extent of depositional environments identified on wireline and well core data. The low resolution seismic data (tuning thickness 23 - 31 m) comprised of six seismic horizons allowed the successful testing of sequence stratigraphic interpretations of the productive Toolachee Formation that were based on wireline data. The analysis of 29 well logs and three 20 m core intervals resulted in the identification of eleven parasequences that comprise the building blocks of an overall transitional systems tract, characterised by a gradual increase in accommodation. The parasequences reflect cyclic transitions between braided and meandering fluvial systems as a result of fluctuations in sediment flux, possibly driven by Milankovitch climatic-forcing. The seismic horizon attribute maps image mostly the meandering fluvial bodies within the upper parts of the parasequences, but some maps image the lower amalgamated sand sheets and show no channel structures. Categorisation of the fluvial bodies in the overbank successions reflects a gradual decrease in sinuosity, channel width, and channel belt width up-section, supporting the overall increase in accommodation up-section. Similar acoustic impedance values for shales and sands do not suggest successful seismic forward modelling between the two lithologies. Geological interpretations suggest most imaged channel fill to be made up predominantly of fine sediments, as channel avulsion and abandonment is common and increases with time. Seismic forward modelling resulted in the interpretation of carbonaceous shale as a possible channel fill, supporting the geological interpretations. The three major identified fluvial styles; braided, meanders, and distributaries are potential targets for future exploration. Extensive sand sheets deposited from braided fluvial systems require structural traps for closure. Meandering and anastomosing channel systems represent excellent stratigraphic traps, such as the basal sands/gravels of laterally accreted point bars.

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Wright, Richard James. "4D seismic analysis of the Hibernia oil field, Grand Banks, Canada /." Internet access available to MUN users only:, 2004. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,16342.

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Gresko, Mark J. "Analysis and interpretation of compressional (P-wave) and shear (SH-wave) reflection seismic and geologic data over the Bane Dome, Giles County, Virginia." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53879.

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Approximately 37 km of predominantly 24-fold P-wave Vibroseis data and 16 km of 24-fold SH-wave Vibroseis data were acquired in the southern portion of the folded Appalachians near the Bane Dome in Giles County, Virginia. Data processing techniques included the application of newly developed methods for crossdip removal as well as the determination of statics solutions in the case of time variant shifts within the data traces. Minimum-phase filter deconvolution was also applied for the removal of reverberating energy and multiples recorded on the SH—wave lines. V_p/V_s ratios were used to aid in the determination of lithologies in the absence of bore-hole data. Interpreted thickening of the Lower Cambrian to Upper Precambrian sequence beneath the Bane Dome appears to represent Eocambrian rifting. Faults generated at that time may now be reactivated by the present stress regime, causing earthquake activity in this area. Interpretation of the seismic data supports a duplex structure proposed for the Paleozoic rocks of the Bane Dome Complex within the Narrows thrust sheet of southwestern Virginia.
Ph. D.

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Shin, Chang Soo. "Nonlinear elastic wave inversion by blocky parameterization /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1988. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8810420.

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Liu, Faqi. "Surface multiple attenuation operators in the plane wave domain : theory and applications /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratigraphic Seismic reflection method'

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