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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratium'
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Reading, Paul James. "The ventral stratium : function and repair." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240077.
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Denda, Mitsuhiro. "Physicochemical features of human skin stratum corneum." Kyoto University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/160747.
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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものであるKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(工学)
乙第8661号
論工博第2902号
新制||工||970(附属図書館)
UT51-94-R420
(主査)教授 中西 浩一郎, 教授 森島 績, 教授 砂本 順三
学位規則第4条第2項該当
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Raynal, Pierre. "Les lipides du stratum corneum : analyse qualitative." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P173.
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Athias, Nicolas. "Méthodes d'analyse physico-chimiques du stratum corneum." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA3304.
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Mollee, Thomas. "Mathematical modelling of solute transport through stratum corneum /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18923.pdf.
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Bose, Vanu G. (Vanu Gopal). "Electrical characterization of electroporation of human stratum corneum." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32593.
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Taylor, Penny Renee. "Effect of Stratum Corneum Hydration on the Composition of Sweat Collected by a Local Sweat Patch Method." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3094.pdf.
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Zellmer, Sebastian. "Lipid- und strahlungsinduzierte Störungen des humanen epidermalen Stratum corneums." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962330396.
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Orlov, Andrei A. ""Merkabah stratum" of the short recension of 2 Enoch." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1995. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p050-0067.
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Orlov, Andrei. ""Merkabah stratum" of the short recension of 2 Enoch." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Meynet, Christiane. "L' Égypte de Stratis Tsirkas." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0004.
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Cette thèse, "l'Égypte de Stratis Tsirkas" est une tentative pour recomposer l'image d'un pays, telle qu'elle apparaît dans l'œuvre d'un écrivain égyptiote à la fois fortement engagé politiquement , extrêmement conscient de son appartenance au monde de l'immigration grecque et se voulant humaniste et poète en son temps. Dans la première partie, l'auteur de cette thèse s'intéresse à la vision très personnelle que Tsirkas a de l'histoire de l'Égypte aux temps forts de sa période contemporaine, à ses sympathies et ses antipathies raisonnées ou non pour les hommes célèbres et les communautés étrangères de toutes provenances qui l'ont façonnée. La seconde partie montre quelle image Tsirkas présente de l'évolution des communautés grecques, dans le temps et les espaces urbains de l'Égypte, quelles relations ces communautés ont entretenues entre elles et avec les populations indigènes. La troisième partie s'intéresse à la peinture de la vie sociale des Égyptiens des villes et des campagnes, du XIXe siècle à la fin de la première moitié du XXe siècle. La quatrième partie veut mettre en évidence ce que Tsirkas doit à d'illustres devanciers écrivains : Cavafy, Forster, Durrell, qui comme lui ont laissé des images littéraires vécues ou rêvées. Une place est donnée à la vision sociale de l'Égypte de Mahfouz, en contrepoint à celle des oeuvres européennes. La cinquième partie s'attache à montrer la contribution poétique de la nature, du climat, de la géographie, des eaux et du sable à l'évocation du pays faite par Stratis Tsirkas. Une conclusion tente de préciser les réussites, les mérites et les originalités de l'auteurThis thesis "The Egypt of Stratis Tsirkas" is an attempt to reconsitute the image of a country as it appears in the work of an "Egyptiot" writer. A strong political commitment and a profound awareness of his belonging to the world of Greek immigration characterises that humanist and poet. In the first part the author of the thesis deals with the very personal vision Tsirkas had of the history of Egypt at important moments of its contemporary period. The author also focuses on his affinities and oppositions, rational emotions or not, toward famous people and the foreign communities that have made the country. The second part shows how Tsirkas presents the evolution of the Greek communities in the urban Egypt ; it also deals with the relations these communities had with other and with the natives. The third part depicts the social life in the Egyptian cities and in the country from the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century. The fourth part brings out what Tsirkas owes to notorious precursors writers such as Cavafy, Forster, Durrell, who like him, have left true to life or imaginary literary images. A part is given to Mahfouz's social vision of Egypt as a counterpart to the representation found in European works. The fifth part concentrates on the poetical contribution of nature, climate, geography, waters and sand to the evocation of the country made by Tsirkas. The conclusion tries to precise the achievements, the merits and the originality of the author
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Glombitza, Bettina. "Lipidsysteme als Stratum-corneum-Modelle Charakterisierung und Eignung für Permeationsuntersuchungen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962768324.
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Cadman, Paul. "Deformations of plane curve singularities and the δ-constant stratum." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55920/.
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Consider the germ of a plane curve (C0, 0) := V (f) c C2 with an isolated singularity at 0 where f 2 OC2,0. The δ-invariant of (C0, 0) can be interpreted as the maximum number of singularities that can pile up on the zero level set of a deformation of f. Let F 2 OC2xC";0 be a miniversal deformation of f then the δ-constant stratum D(δ) in the discriminant of F is the set of parameters where the δ-invariant of the deformed curve is equal to the δ-invariant of the original curve. Givental and Varchenko showed that when (C0, 0) is irreducible, then D(δ) is an example of a Lagrangian singularity with respect to a symplectic form arising from the intersection pairing on the deformed curves. More recently van Straten and Sevenheck have developed a theory of deformations of Lagrangian singularities and conjecture that D(δ) is a rigid Lagrangian singularity when (C0, 0) is an irreducible plane curve singularity. In this thesis we will show how to compute the symplectic form explicitly in the case of an irreducible simple singularity. Using this symplectic form we construct a maximal Cohen-Macaulay module on the discriminant that can be used to find equations for D(δ) for the A2k,E6 and E8 singularities. We will add weight to the conjecture of van Straten and Sevenheck by showing that D(δ) is Cohen-Macaulay for E6 and E8.
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Turner, Robert. "Modifications in microbial adhesion to the stratum corneum using lectins." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271381.
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Talereja, Priya. "TRANSPORT PATHWAYS THROUGH HUMAN STRATUM CORNEUM: MICRO AND MACRO MEASUREMENTS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin980352229.
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LEGRAIN, VALERIE. "L'enveloppe cornee : etude morphologique et biochimique chez le sujet sain et dans le psoriasis." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR23008.
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Abdayem, Rawad. "L'implication des glycanes et des éléments jonctionnels dans la fonction barrière de la couche cornée de l'épiderme." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1021.
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La barrière épidermique du stratum corneum (SC) est doublée par une barrière secondaire des jonctions serrées (JS) qui influent sur la formation de barrière principale. Dans mes travaux, je me suis concentré sur l'étude de la présence et l'évolution des éléments jonctionnelles composants ces deux barrières ; les cornéodesmosomes au niveau du SC et les JSs au niveau de la granuleuse. En plus, je me suis intéressé à l'implication des glycanes dans la fonction barrière épidermique. Ces travaux ont été réalisés soit dans un contexte physiologique soit par la modulation de la barrière épidermique par des facteurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques. Nos résultats confirment que les JSs jouent un rôle subalterne par rapport à la barrière du SC et montrent que les glycanes persistent à la surface des cornéocytes humains. La composition et la répartition utlrastructurale des glycanes évoluent à travers les assises du SC jusqu'à la desquamation d'une manière concordante avec la répartition des cornéodesmosomes. Certaines modifications intrinsèques naturelles lors du vieillissement ou pathologiques notamment l'état pelliculaire et la dermatite atopique, ont permis d'appréhender le rôle de ces composants dans la cohésion du SC et la prestance d'une barrière fonctionnelle. Les modifications extrinsèques de la barrière par l'application de solvants, d'excipients ou de formulations perméabilisantes montrent l'importance de l'organisation utlrastructurale des composants jonctionnelles et non jonctionnelles du SC dans le maintien d'une barrière efficaceThe stratum corneum (SC) barrier is doubled by the secondary barrier of tight junctions which influences the formation of the main barrier. In my work, I focused on the study of the junctional elements composing those two barriers; corneodesmosomes in the SC and the tight junction at the granular layer level. In addition, I got interested in the involvement of glycans in the epidermal barrier function. This work was carried out either in skin physiological conditions or by the modulation of the epidermal barrier by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Our results confirm that tight junctions play a subordinate role compared to the SC barrier and that glycans remain present at the surface of human corneocytes. The composition and the ultrastructure distribution of glycans evolve from the SC compactum to the SC disjunctum, towards desquamation in a comparable manner to the repartition of corneodesmosomes. Natural intrinsic changes during aging and pathological changes, including dandruff and atopic dermatitis, helped us to understand the role of those components in the cohesion of the SC and the conservation of functional barrier. Extrinsic modulation of the barrier by the application of solvents, excipients or topical formulations shows the importance of the ultrastructural organization of junctional and non-junctional SC components in maintaining an effective barrier
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Hesse, Anne-Marie. "ETUDE DU PEPTIDOME DU STRATUM CORNEUM HUMAIN PAR UNE APPROCHE PROTEOMIQUE." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00558351.
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Cette thèse se place dans le contexte de l'analyse protéomique et peptidomique. D'un point de vue analytique, l'objectif de ma thèse a été d'implémenter au laboratoire des techniques capables de fournir rapidement des identifications fiables de protéines et de peptides en mélange complexe, quelles que soient leurs propriétés physico-chimiques. D'un point de vue biologique, nous souhaitions appréhender le phénomène de desquamation du stratum corneum chez l'Homme, en collaboration avec la société L'Oréal. Ce phénomène implique la dégradation par des enzymes spécifiques des protéines des cornéodesmosomes, jonctions cellulaires qui assurent la cohésion des cellules entre elles. Contrairement aux approches biochimiques classiques utilisées généralement dans ce type d'application (ciblage de protéases spécifiques), nous avons choisi d'adopter une méthodologie sans a priori, qui fait le lien entre la peptidomique et la dégradomique. Pour ce faire, nous avons centré notre étude sur les peptides endogènes issus de la dégradation des protéines du stratum corneum afin d'identifier des peptides spécifiques de la desquamation.
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Sabry, Mostafa Ibrahim Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil. "Settlement of a rigid footing resting on a granular soil stratum." Ottawa, 1985.
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Hesse, Anne-Marie. "Etude du peptidome du stratum corneum humain par une approche protéomique." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066649.
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L’épiderme a pour fonction majeure de garantir à l’organisme une couche protectrice contre les agressions extérieures, via notamment la production du stratum corneum. Pour assurer cette fonction correctement, il existe un équilibre finement régulé entre les kératinocytes qui entrent en différenciation et les cornéocytes qui desquament à la surface de l’épiderme. Le phénomène de desquamation fait intervenir la dégradation des protéines des cornéodesmosomes, jonctions adhésives entre les cornéocytes. Afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et de caractériser les protéases impliquées, nous avons développé une approche sans a priori qui repose sur les outils de la protéomique pour l’étude des peptides endogènes. Pour cela, nous avons développé le couplage entre la chromatographie multidimensionnelle en phase liquide et la spectrométrie de masse en tandem à transformée de Fourier. Différentes approches ont été évaluées pour les analyses protéomiques. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence l’intérêt spécifique et la complémentarité de ces techniques analytiques dans l’étude de protéomes complexes. La découverte des peptides endogènes du stratum corneum a permis de montrer que les protéines des cornéodesmosomes étaient particulièrement dégradées par rapport aux autres protéines de ce tissu. Cette dégradation concerne des zones clefs pour l’adhésion des protéines entre elles. L’étude plus fine des sites de coupure observés a permis de mettre en évidence les protéases impliquées.
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Fong, Alan Ming-Lun. "A study of thermal comfort and cost effectiveness of stratum ventilation." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11169.
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This studyh focuses on thermal comfort and cost effectiveness of stratum ventilation in subtropical Hong Kong Special Adminstation Region (HKSAR). The need for studying thermal comfort with various air distribution strategies becomes a significant issue recently due to climate change, increasing energy prices and the governmental energy efficiency policy. Stratum ventilation, with air supplied at breathing level, can probably provide satisfactory thermal comfort at a relatively elevated indoor temperature in which less energy use is consumed. It seems that only limited studies on the evaluation of neutral temperature, which is a condition of neither slightly warm nor slightly cool, are supported by actual human comfort surveys. Moreover, study on the related thermal comfort and cost effectiveness as other paradigms in comparison with the mixing and displacement air distribution design is rare. New environmental chamber of laboratory-based air-conditioning systems has been developed for investigating the actual benefit of cost effectiveness and balance of thermal comfort satisfaction with the stratum air distribution strategy under subtropical climates. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 7-point questionnaires have been collected from human comfort tests so as to estimate the neutral temperature of stratum ventilation in comparison with mixing and displacement ventilation at pre-set conditions. The neutral temperatures of HKSAR people under the mode of mixing, displacement, stratum, modified-stratum-1, modified-stratum-2, and modified-stratum-3 are found to be 24.6℃, 25.1℃, 25.6℃, 26.0℃, 27.1℃ and 27.3℃ at 10 air change per hour (ACH) respectively, which become 24.8℃, 25.3℃, 26.6℃, 27.4℃, and 27.9℃ at 15 ACH respectively. Life cycle assessment results in 10 service year indicate that 7.73% and 7.32% of cost reduction, and 14.52% and 11.91% of greenhouse gas emission reduction in stratum ventilation by comparing with mixing and displacement ventilation. As a result, stratum ventilation should be the best option on both of cost reduction, and less carbon emission in small-to-medium size air-conditioned space for new building and retrofitting existing works.
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Frey, Wiebke. "The Formation of Stratus in Rain." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303869.
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Data analysis of SYNOP observations was made for investigation of stratus formation in rain. The aim was to find connections between meteorological parameters in the different states of rain to develop a forecast method. 1594 cases of rainfall from the four stations Luleå, Uppsala, Linköping and Såtenäs, Sweden were analysed, 974 cases include stratus formation in rain and the other 620 cases are without stratus formation. The investigation focused on the meteorological parameters wind direction, wind speed, relative humidity, visibility, cloud base height and rain intensity. As rain intensity was not explicitly included in the SYNOP observations it could not be taken as a governing parameter, but classification of the data into four groups of different rain intensity was possible. Also time was a parameter for the investigation. The results show that a more detailed investigation should be made to eliminate several influences of other parameters, for example of radiation or soil conditions. Thus it was too difficult to develop a forecast method for the formation of stratus in rain, but suggestions for further investigations and the development of a numerical model only are made.En dataanalys av SYNOP-observationer genomfördes för undersökning av stratusbildning i regn. Målet var att hitta samband mellan de meteorologiska parametrarna i olika regntillstånden för att utveckla en prognosmetod. 1594 regntillfällen från fyra stationer, Luleå, Uppsala, Linköping och Såtenäs, analyserades. 974 tillfällen innehåller stratusbildning i regn och de andra 620 tillfällena visar ingen stratusbildning. Undersökningen koncentrerades på de meteorologiska parametrarna vindriktning, vindhastighet, relativ fuktighet, sikt, molnhöjd och regnintensitet. Eftersom regnintensiteten inte var beskriven i SYNOP-observationer kunde den inte tas med som parameter i analysena. Det gick att indela datan i fyra grupper med olika regnintensitet. Tid var också en parameter i den här unders- ökningen. Resultater visar att det behövs en noggrannare undersökning för kunna eliminera påverkan av andra parametrar som till exempel strålning eller marktillstånd. Det var därför för svårt att utveckla en prognosmetod för stratusbildning i regn, så förslag har bara gjorts för vidare undersökningar och utveckling av en numerisk modell.
Für die Untersuchung der Stratusbildung im Regen wurde eine Analyse von SYNOP-Daten durchgeführt. Ziel war es, Zusammenhänge zwischen meteorologischen Parametern in den verschiedenen Stadien von Regen zu finden, um eine Vorhersagemethode zu entwickeln. Es wurden 1594 Regen- F¨alle von den Stationen Luleå, Uppsala, Linköping und Såtenäs in Schweden analysiert, von denen 974 Fälle Stratusbildung in Regen beinhalten. Die anderen 620 Fälle zeigen keine Stratusbildung. Die Untersuchung konzentrierte sich auf die meteorologischen Parameter Windrichtung, Windgeschwindigkeit, relative Feuchte, Sicht, Wolkenhöhe und Regenintensität. Da die Regenintensität nicht direkt in den SYNOP Beobachtungen gemessen wurde, konnte sie nicht als steuernder Parameter verwendet werden, sondern diente nur zur Einteilung der Daten in vier Gruppen verschiedener Regenintensität. Die Zeit ging als ein weiterer Parameter in diese Untersuchung ein. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine genauere Untersuchung durchgeführt werden sollte, um unterschiedliche Einflüsse anderer Parameter, wie zum Beispiel Strahlung oder Bodenbeschaffenheit, auszuschließen. Wegen der zu großen Unsicherheiten war es zu schwer, eine Prognosemethode f¨ur die Stratusbildung im Regen zu entwickeln. Deswegen wurden Vorschläge für weitere Untersuchungen und f¨ur die Entwicklung eines numerischen Modells gegeben.
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Flach, Michael [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Elsner, Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Schiele, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Bauer. "Untersuchung von Einflußfaktoren auf den Stratum corneum-Klebestreifenabrißtest und deren Auswirkungen auf die hervorgerufene Stratum corneum-Barriere-Schädigung / Michael Flach. Gutachter: Peter Elsner ; Rainer Schiele ; Andreas Bauer." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016481500/34.
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Evans, D. A. "Molecular dynamics simulations of skin lipids." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296332.
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GUARNERI, CAUVY CORINNE. "Les anticorps anti-stratum corneum de l'epithelium de l'oesophage de rat et la polyarthrite rhumatoide : etude de la sensibilite et de la specificite." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31021.
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REGLADE, MICHEL ANTOINE. "Evaluation de l'interet pronostique des anticorps dits antikeratines au cours de la polyarthrite rhumatoide." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU31536.
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Yao, Grace. "Cervical mucus prorperties stratifv risk for preterm birth." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76111.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biological Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-52).
Preterm birth impacts 15 million babies every year, leading to morbidity, mortality, significant health care costs, and lifelong consequences. The causes of preterm birth are unknown, resulting in ineffective treatment, but it is correlated with ascension of vaginal bacteria through the cervix, which is normally protected by a dense mucus plug during pregnancy. This mucus plug, consisting of a tight meshwork of glycoproteins called mucins, should prevent pathogens from accessing the sterile uterine environment. Cervical mucus from women at high risk and low risk for preterm birth was collected and compared. The aim of this study was to discover differences that will lead to clues about why preterm birth occurs, and ultimately what can be done about it in terms of prevention and intervention. Using rheological techniques and a translocation assay, we found that cervical mucus from women at high risk is more translucent and more elastic under both elongational and shear stress, than cervical mucus in normal pregnancies. These properties more closely resemble mucus during ovulation, when spermatozoa can most easily penetrate the barrier, than mucus in normal pregnancy. Furthermore, high risk mucus is more permeable to beads of comparable size to viruses, suggesting the barrier is weakened and foreign particles may harmfully traverse it to cause intrauterine infection. The techniques in this paper have not been previously used to study cervical mucus in the context of preterm labor, but their results may have important implications. If these mucus properties in women indeed permit increased bacterial infection through the cervix, then they can be used to stratify patients, allowing for more personalized prenatal care to lower the rate of preterm birth.
by Grace Yao.
M.Eng.
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Ireton, Greg S. "Classification of summertime West Coast fog and stratus events and the development of fog and stratus forecast techniques." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA397067.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2001.Thesis advisor: Nuss, Wendell. "September 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-129). Also Available in print.
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Eiken, Karianne Birkestøl. "Levering av vannløselige molekyler gjennom hud : Diffusjon av molekyler gjennom stratum corneum." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bioteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13913.
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En transdermal leveringsform gir store fordeler framfor oral, intramuskulær og intravenøs levering, men byr også på noen utfordringer. Den største utfordringen er at kun et begrenset antall molekyler kan administreres på denne måten. Hudens øverste lag, stratum corneum, er en effektiv barriere, som bare noen molekyler kan penetrere. Disse molekylene er karakterisert som lavmolekylære (≤ 500Da) og lipofile (hydrofobe). Det er gjennomført forsøk på fullskala hud fra mennesker, for å undersøke om vannløselige (hydrofile) molekyler som fiskegelatinpeptider og G-blokk vil kunne penetrere huden og diffundere ned i dermis. G-blokk og fiskegelatin ble først fraksjonert for å lage mest mulig monodisperse prøver, og deretter fluorescensmerket med alexa 488/532 fluorokrom. De fluorescensmerkede prøvene ble løst i 60 % dimetyl sulfoksid (DMSO), før de ble påført epidermis-siden av hudbiter montert i Franz-celler. Huden ble først forbehandlet med mikronåler. Konfokal laser skanning mikroskop ble benyttet for å undersøke fluorescensintensiteten i vevet, og dermed penetrasjonsevnen til de ulike G-blokkene og fiskegelatinpeptidene. Ved hjelp av hyperspektral avbildning ble det også undersøkt fluorescensintensitet i tillagde hudfantomer. I oppgaven er det lagt vekt på hvordan penetrasjonsevnen til ulike molekyler avhenger av molekylvekt, merkningsgrad, forbehandling (mikronåler og DMSO) og individuelle forskjeller mellom donorer. Det ble også undersøkt hvor lang tid det tar før det observeres en betydelig mengde fiskegelatinpeptider i vevet.Noen G-blokker og fiskegelatinpeptider ble funnet til å kunne penetrere huden. Det ble påvist at en forbehandling med mikronåler og 60 % DMSO som vehikkel, øker permeabiliteten til huden. I tillegg ble det observert store variasjoner i penetrasjonsevnen til prøvene når forsøk ble utført på samme eller ulike donorer. Fiskegelatinpeptider ble vist til å begynne å penetrere forbehandlet hud allerede etter 8 timer, men først etter 18 timer inkubasjonstid ble det observert en betydelig mengde fiskegelatinpeptider i vevet. Det ble funnet en sammenheng mellom fraksjon høymolekylære peptider i fiskegelatinprøvene og fluorescensintensitet i vevet etter endt inkubasjonstid (24 timer). Det ble observert høyere fluorescensintensitet i vevet etter påførte prøver med høyt innhold av lavmolekylære peptider, enn for prøver med flere høymolekylære peptider. Det ble også observert en sammenheng mellom merkningsgrad og detektert penetrasjonsevne. Der prøver med høy merkningsgrad ga høyere fluorescensintensitet i vevet og fluorescens i reseptorfasen, enn prøver med lavere merkningsgrad. I tillegg ble det observert lite eller ingen elektrostatisk binding av fluorescensmerkede prøver av fiskegelatin og G-blokk til pappilær dermis, mens stratum corneum ble observert som den store barrieren i huden ved at den hadde høyest fluorescensintensitet. Fiskegelatinprøvene ble funnet veldig polydisperse selv etter fraksjonering ved hjelp av dialysemembraner med ulik størrelse. Det er observert liten sammenheng mellom molekylvekts cut-off på dialysemembran, og faktisk størrelse av peptider som trekker ut.Hyperspektral avbildning ble funnet til å fungere for hudfantomer med mer enn 25 mg kovalent merket gelatin.
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Zejnilovic, Nermina. "Stratum corneums betydelse för upptag och verkan av mediciner och kosmetiska preparat." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-73101.
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Müller, Josefin [Verfasser]. "Einfluss hydrophiler Penetrationsenhancer auf die Nanostruktur von Stratum corneum Lipidmodellen / Josefin Müller." Halle, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1150237996/34.
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Guo, Xinxin. "Opto-thermal measurement of water in human stratum corneum and other substances." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323903.
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Rogers, Julia Sarah. "The role of the stratum corneum lipids and enzymes in skin condition." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367557.
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Abedin, M. Z. "Eccentrically loaded strip footing on a sand layer overlaying a rigid stratum." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381520.
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Burns, Drew MacGregor. "The self-understanding, self-evaluation and analysis of China's new social stratum." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1222259276.
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Jensen, Tyron DeRay. "Calcineurin is Required for TRPV1-induced LTD of CA1 Stratum Radiatum Interneurons." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3057.
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Learning and memory in the brain are thought to be dependent on synaptic plasticity. In response to sensory input, synapses can be strengthened or weakened, known as long-term potentiation or long-term depression (LTD), respectively. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) has been shown to mediate a novel form of presynaptic LTD in hippocampal interneurons. TRPV1 is currently being heavily studied in the PNS and being targeted by pharmaceuticals for its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, much less is known regarding TRPV1 function in the CNS, including the signal mechanism mediating hippocampal LTD despite its obvious importance. Here we performed whole-cell voltage clamp electrophysiology experiments from CA1 hippocampal interneurons to identify this signaling mechanism. Because calcineurin (CaN) is reported to be linked to multiple forms of synaptic plasticity, we hypothesized that TRPV1 activates presynaptic CaN, which is required for this presynaptic LTD. In order to distinguish between presynaptic and postsynaptic CaN activity we added the specific CaN inhibitors cyclosporin A (CsA) or FK-506 to the bath to block CaN activity ubiquitously in the slice, both presynaptically and postsynaptically, and to the internal solution to block CaN only in the postsynaptic neuron. CsA or FK-506 present in the internal solution, blocking only postsynaptic CaN, showed no effect on TRPV1-dependant LTD. Bath application of CsA or FK-506, inhibiting CaN in the presynaptic neuron as well, blocked LTD elicited by both a high frequency stimulation protocol (P < 0.05) and by direct TRPV1 activation with specific agonists resiniferotoxin and capsaicin (P < 0.05). This demonstrates that CsA and FK506 block both high frequency stimulation induced LTD and also TRPV1 specific depression. We are thus able to show that calcineurin is required for this form of presynaptic TRPV1 mediated LTD in the hippocampus. This finding is the first to demonstrate a TRPV1-induced signaling mechanism in CA1 hippocampus.
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Pirot, Fabrice. "Analyse, mesure et prediction de la diffusion dans le stratum corneum humain." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA3710.
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Romana, Giraldo Jorge Octavio. "PERFORMANCE OF TWO TIEBACK WALLS AND ROCK ANCHORS IN A SHALE STRATUM." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/71.
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Tieback walls are typically design based on predetermined pressure distribution; however, these pressures were proposed based on performance of excavations. For retaining walls used in slope remediation, the application of these pressures might not be adequate; the construction procedure; therefore, a different response of the wall is expected. This document, presents the performance of two tieback walls installed in a shale stratum. Monitored responses is correlated with construction activities; these activates implied excavation and backfilling in both of the tieback walls. In addition, this research shows a numerical procedure to evaluate the anchor capacity based on the t- z approach. Finally, this study introduces an empirical method to estimate lateral wall deformation profiles and internal bending moments along a retaining wall installed in a clay stratum.
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Pleavin, Thomas Daniel. "Large eddy simulations of Arctic stratus clouds." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4934/.
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Mixed-phase Arctic stratocumulus clouds are ubiquitous to the region during the summer months. However, despite their prevalence, very little is known about the processes which maintain the cloud. Recent observations have shown that Arctic stratocumulus commonly extend into the temperature inversion which caps the Arctic boundary layer. This is atypical to sub-tropical stratocumulus where the cloud top is found in the vicinity of the inversion base, and unexpected as strong longwave radiative cooling would be expected to keep the cloud top and inversion base heights in equilibrium. Uniquely to the Arctic, inversions in speci�c humidity are also commonly observed coincident with temperature inversions, and this is thought to contribute to the clouds' subsistence in the strongly stable inversion layer. In this thesis, observations from the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study (ASCOS) are used to characterize the lower Arctic atmosphere and provide the basis for simulations of stratocumulus cloud encroachment into the Arctic temperature inversion. Observations show that cloud extending into the inversion by more than 100 m was a common occurrence during ASCOS, which is consistent with measurements made during previous summer field campaigns. Simulations made with the Met Office Large Eddy Model (LEM) were used to model the encroachment, and results suggest that the depth of encroachment has a high correlation with the humidity inversion strength. A number of different cloud-inversion regimes were identi�ed from the model simulations. When specific humidity fell of inside the temperature inversion, the high relative humidity of the region just above the inversion base was found to allow encroachment of cloud up to 40 m into the inversion layer. While in the presence of a speci�c humidity inversion the encroachment was larger reaching a maximum of 200 m. The presence of specific humidity inversions and their relationship to the encroaching cloud was determined to be self-sustaining, and the cloud found to remain at a quasi-stable depth for as long as a moisture source is available to replenish the loss of water from ice precipitation. However, encroachment of cloud into the inversion was shown to cause a signi�cant reduction in the buoyant production of TKE at cloud top, which led to turbulence shutting off completely in the clouds with the largest encroachment depth. This caused a thermal adjustment of the inversion layer to the cloud which led a reduction in the encroachment depth. The overall impact of encroachment on boundary layer turbulence was found to be significant, with TKE reduced by up to 90% in the simulations with the largest encroachment depth.
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Verfasser], Fitsum Feleke Sahle, Reinhard H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Neubert, Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Wohlrab, and Gerald [Akademischer Betreuer] Brezesinski. "Development and biopharmaceutical evaluation of microemulsions for targeted delivery of ceramides and other Stratum Corneum lipids into the Stratum Corneum / Fitsum Feleke Sahle. Betreuer: Reinhard Neubert ; Johannes Wohlrab ; Gerald Brezesinski." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025302273/34.
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Pretorius, Mariska Heleen. "Percutaneous delivery of methotrexate in the absence and presence of natural permeation enhancers / Mariska H. Pretorius." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/164.
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The transdermal delivery of drugs has a lot of advantages above other routes of delivery,
such as the avoidance of first-pass hepatic and intestinal metabolism, the non-invasive
infusion of drugs, etc. However, the transdermal delivery of drugs, especially hydrophilic
drugs, is limited due to the lipophilic nature of the stratum corneum. Methotrexate is a folic
acid antagonist with antineoplastic activity and is used for the treatment of psoriasis and
Kaposi's sarcoma. The permeation of methotrexate through the skin for systemic use is
however limited due to its high molecular weight, the fact that it is mainty dissociated at
physiological pH and its hydrophilic nature (Alvarez-Figueroa et al.. 2001). Thus the aim
of my study was to enhance the permeation of methotrexate with the use of terpene.
Terpenes are lipophilic in nature and have Log P values of around 2-4 (Godwin &
Michniak, 1999). These characteristics make them excellent candidates as penetration
enhancers. Terpenes are not only used for penetration enhancers, but in a huge number
of other products, such as aromatherapeutic oils. For this reason the permeation of the
terpenes through human skin and the effect of methotrexate on this permeation were also
determined. The following enhancers were used in this study: menthol, menthone.
isomenthol, limonene, B-myrcene, a-pinene and 1,8-cineole
Five different sets of experiments were done in this study: a) a control experiment with
methotrexate in the absence of the terpenes without ethanol; b) a control experiment with
methotrexate in the absence of the terpenes with ethanol: c) experiments with
methotrexate in the presence of the terpenes; d) control experiments with the terpenes in
the absence of methotrexate and e) experiments with tile terpenes in the presence of
methotrexate. For this study only human female abdominal skin was used. A saturated
solution of methotrexate in water:propylene glycol (50:50) with a pH between 4 and 5
(Vaidyanathan et al., 1985) was used as the model drug and the receptor phase was PBS-buffer
(pH=74) and water:ethanol (50:50) for HPLC and GC analysis respectively. The
dilfusion apparatus used consisted of Vertical Franz diffusion cells with a capacity of 2 ml and a diffusion area of 1.075 cm2. The cells were placed in a water bath (+- 37 "C) on
magnetic stirrers for the duration of the experiment. After the receptor phase was placed in
the receptor compartment the cells were equilibrated for an hour before putting 25 ul of a 5% terpene solution in absolute ethanol on the skin in the donor compartment. This was left
for half and hour to allow evaporation of the ethanol. The saturated solution of the
methotrexate was now placed on the skin in the donor compartment. The experiments for
methotrexate stretched over a period of 12 hours and samples were collected every 2
hours. The terpene experiments were performed over a 24-hour period and samples were
taken at 2,4,6,12 and 24 hours. The concentration methotrexate permeated was
determined by using HPLC-analysis and terpenes by using GC-analysis.
The flux (ug/cm2/h), kp(cm/h), lag time (h) and enhancement ratio were calculated to
compare the methotrexate permeation in the control and actual experiments. The results
showed that a-pinene, B-myrcene and isomenthol enhanced the permeation of
methotrexate most, although all the terpenes had an enhancing effect. They produced a 4-
fold increase in the flux values of methotrexate. Due to the fact that the terpene
experiments were only a semi-quantitative evaluation only the percentage terpenes that
permeated was calculated. The experiments were done on all the terpenes except apinene.
All the terpenes permeated the skin with menthol having the highest permeation.
The results also showed that methotrexate did have an effect on the terpene permeation.
Menthone and menthol's permeation was higher in the presence of methotrexate, while the
other terpenes had a higher permeation in the absence of methotrexate. The reason for
this is not clear.
In conclusion, the study revealed that the enhancers used did have an enhancing effect on
methotrexate permeation. This could be due to the extraction or disruption of lipids by the
terpenes (Zhoa & Singh, 2000) or an increase in diffusivity and partitioning. The terpene
experiments also showed that the terpenes do permeate the skin and that methotrexate
does have an effect on this permeation.Thesis (M.Sc.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Lapeyre, Frédéric. "Les anticorps anti-stratum corneum d'epithelium d'oesophage de rat : un marqueur specifique de la polyarthrite rhumatoide." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31099.
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Chesnoy, Sophie. "Influence de la structure et des modifications structurales du stratum corneum sur le transport iontophoretique." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA114837.
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Raudenkolb, Steve. "Untersuchungen zur strukturellen und physikochemischen Charakterisierung von Stratum corneum Lipiden und deren Mischsystemen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967136067.
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Gottbrath, Stefan. "Lichtschutz mit Mikropigmenten Untersuchungen zur Penetration von Titandioxid-Mikropartikeln in humanes Stratum corneum /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971057117.
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Wu, Zhiyong. "Stratum Electricity Markets: Toward Multi-temporal Distributed Risk Management for Sustainable Electricity Provision." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/89.
Full textAbstract:
Motivated by the overall challenge of ensuring long-term sustainable electricity service, we view this challenge as a long-term decision making problem under uncertainties.
We start by recognizing that, independent of the industry organization, the uncertainties are enormous and often exogenous to the energy service providers. They are multi-dimensional and are result of fundamental drivers, ranging from the supply side, through the demand side, to the regulatory and policy sides. The basic contribution of this thesis comes from the recognition that long-term investments for ensuring reliable and stable electricity service critically depend on how these uncertainties are perceived, valued and managed by the different stakeholders within the complex industry organization such as the electric power industry. We explain several reasons why price signals obtained from current short-term electricity markets alone are not sufficient enough for long-term sustainable provision. Some enhancements are presented in the thesis to improve the short-term electricity market price signals to reflect the true cost of operation.
New market mechanisms and instruments are needed to facilitate the stakeholders to better deal with long-term risks. The problems of ensuring long-term stable reliable service in the sense of the traditional resource adequacy requirements are revisited in both the restructuring industry and regulated industry. We introduce a so-called Stratum Electricity Market (SEM) design as the basic market mechanism for solving the problem of long-term reliable electricity service through a series of interactive multi-lateral market exchange platforms for risks communication, management and evaluations over various time horizons and by the different groups of stakeholders. In other words, our proposed SEM is a basic IT-enabled framework for the decision making processes by various parties over different time. Because of the uniqueness of electricity as a commodity, the values for the same amount of energy during different time and at different location can vary dramatically. Moreover, for the same hour, the values for the same amount of power at base load level or at peak load level are different due to the different generation technologies and other non-convex constraints like unit commitment. The multiple market products at zonal/nodal levels with different time horizon and time of use categories are designed to reflect more realistic demand and supply conditions at various temporal and spatial granularities. Detailed market rules, rights and regulations (3Rs) concerning the sub-markets interactions, product hierarchy and financial settlements are also examined.
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Wagner, Matthieu. "Caractérisation physico-chimique du stratum corneum, étude statique et dynamique de l'interface cutanée." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MULH6458.
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La peau est une interface essentielle entre le corps humain et son environnement externe. Au-delà du rôle de couche protectrice contre les agressions externes (mécaniques, thermiques, chimiques…), elle dispose de multiples fonctions de régulation comme l’absorption, la thermorégulation ou la synthèse d’hormones. L’étude de cette interface cutanée est importante, non seulement pour les spécialistes cliniques, mais également pour les chercheurs travaillant dans la compréhension des mécanismes des processus de transfert transcutanés. Longtemps considéré comme une simple couche de cellules mortes, le stratum corneum (SC, couche de la peau la plus externe) était considéré alors comme un acteur secondaire dans ces processus. Des études récentes montrent au contraire que cette couche cutanée, d’une épaisseur pouvant aller de 10 à 40 µm, joue un rôle primordial et déterminant. Ces études révèlent une architecture complexe, qui peut être représentée schématiquement par un empilement de cellules protéiniques (les cornéocytes) situées dans une matrice extracellulaire riche en lipides. Cette couche compacte est loin d’être complètement imperméable aux substances chimiques directement appliquées sur la peau. Nous proposons ici une approche physico-chimique visant à mettre en évidence les mécanismes d’interactions acide-base agissant à l’extrême surface du SC (i.e. une dizaine d’Angströms). En utilisant : i) les réactions de transfert de protons comme “sonde” et ii) une démarche multi-échelles basée sur des titrations de surface par angles de contact et par forces chimiques, nous déterminons quantitativement le rôle de chacune des composantes du SC (i.e. cornéocytes et lipides) dans ce type d’interactionsStratum corneum (SC) is a heterogeneous tissue composed of lipid-depleted corneocytes embedded in a lipid-enriched extracellular matrix. It comes from the epidermal differentiation of the skin. The wetting properties of this upper layer are of major interest in the understanding of interfacial phenomena, such as adhesion of microorganisms or proliferation of resident flora. Until now, the wettability behaviour has been characterized through different parameters such as surface energy, critical surface tension, or hydrophilia, via macroscopic contact angle measurements. But this method does not allow to discriminate the effect of the corneocytes with the one of the extracellular matrix on the final surface properties, because of the size of the liquid drop. This work, performed in vitro on human skin explants provided by Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetics, consists in understanding the wetting properties of the SC from macroscopic and nanoscopic points of view. Initially, it is compulsory to thoroughly describe at different scales the physical chemistry of our material, i.e. in vitro SC. Then, knowing that macroscopic contact angles are sensitive to the pH of the liquid probe, the first aim of this work is to determine the “macroscopic pKa values” of the SC, both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, dynamic contact angles are measured between test-liquid drops (aqueous solutions ranging from pH 1 to pH 13) and the SC in order to obtain the contact angle titration curve of the SC. The same procedure is applied in vivo on SC suffering from skin dryness (xerosis), the results being compared to those obtained previously on safe skin. The second purpose of this study is to reach the pKa values of the different functional groups located on the complex-cornified envelope. This consists in measuring adhesion forces between an AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) tip (functionalized with specific groups, such as amine, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, methyl or amide groups) and single-isolated corneocytes through buffered liquid media (ranging from pH 1 to pH 13). As previously, such titration curves are realised on corneocytes coming from safe skin, but also from dry skin. The variations observed in the contact angle titration and chemical force titration curves will be discussed in terms of acid-base, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bondings. The comprehension of the pH-dependent properties of the SC shall provide a better understanding of the role of individual corneocytes in the final surface properties of the SC
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Rahman, Mohammad Lutfor. "Bayesian analysis of multi-stratum designs and probability-based optimal designs with separation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/9106.
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Industrial experimental design is an important area under design of experiments and factorial design hold a rm place in industrial experiments. The generalization of factorial designs results in split-plot type designs when complete randomization of runs is not possible. More speci cally, hard-to-set factors lead naturally to split-plot type designs and mixed models. Mixed models are used to analyze multi-stratum designs as each stratum may have a random e ect on the responses. The study of random e ects in mixed models might be di cult using likelihood methods because of small number of groups or whole plots in multi-stratum and split-plot designs. Also, zero estimates of variance components could be due to estimating multiple variance components in a hierarchical model. Therefore, likelihood-based inference is often unreliable with the variance components being particularly di cult to estimate for small samples. A Bayesian method considering some noninformative or weakly informative priors for variance components could be a useful tool to solve the problem. Fuel economy experiments, conducted by Shell Global Solutions UK, fall under small sample trap during variance components estimation. Using SAS procedure MIXED, experimenters estimated the variance components to be zero which were unrealistic. Also, the experimenters were unsure about the parameter estimates obtained by likelihood method from linear mixed models. Therefore, we looked for an alternative to compare and found the Bayesian platform to be appropriate. Bayesian methods assuming some non-informative and weakly informative priors enable us to compare the parameter estimates and the variance components. Pro le likelihood and bootstrap based methods veri ed that Bayesian point and interval estimates are not absurd. Also, simulation studies have assessed the quality of likelihood and Bayesian estimates in this study. A polypropylene experiment was conducted by four Belgian automobile industries to look for economical plasma treatments which lead to a good adhesion to various coatings. The e ects of several additives were also studied in addition to the plasma treatments. The likelihood-based estimates were not reliable completely due to the existence of moderate number of whole-plots. Also, some of the variance components due to batch were zero for some coatings. Assuming noninformative priors for xed e ects and some weakly informative priors for variance components we have obtained more sensible estimates of variance components which were inestimable or poorly estimated by the likelihood-based method using SAS procedure GLIMMIX. In this study, the Bayesian methods appeared to give comparable results with classical methods. One response variable in the polypropylene experiment was categorical which was converted to binary to see the e ects of additives on the outcome of interest. Unfortunately for binary responses we failed to obtain estimates of the logistic parameters for some of the coatings as the system did not converge. One of the reasons for this was due to having the separation problem in the data. When one or more explanatory variables completely separate the responses, the problem is known as separation. This problem causes the non-existence of likelihood estimates of logistic regression parameters. We have done some novel methodological works on the separation issue to minimize the problem in the light of optimal design techniques. Though the information based D-optimality criterion is widely used in practice, it fails to handle the separation problem appropriately. We have proposed new probability-based optimality criteria to handle the separation problem at the design stage of a study. Our proposed criteria Ps- and DPs- might be worthwhile to take into account reduction of the separation problem. However, Ps-criterion alone is not suitable to deal with separation problem as it produces worse designs in terms of precision of the parameter estimates, i.e. with respect to D-optimality. On the other hand the compound DPs-criterion makes a balance between D- and Ps-optimality and produces better designs. To make designs less sensitive to parameter misspeci cation, pseudo-Bayesian design criterion DPSB- has been proposed. Simulation studies have veri ed that Bayesian designs perform better than non-Bayesian designs by providing less bias, less median squared errors and above all less probability of separation. Thus, newly devised Bayesian and non-Bayesian design criteria could be useful in practice to control separation problem at the design stage of a study.
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Nandamuri, Sasank Sai. "A Multiscale Computational Study of the Mechanical Properties of the Human Stratum Corneum." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1458300092.
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Kolczynska, Marta Joanna. "Stratied modernity, protest, and democracy in cross-national perspective." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1508951439628422.
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