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Journal articles on the topic 'Straw barley'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Capper, B. S., G. Sage, P. R. Hanson, and A. H. Adamson. "Influence of variety, row type and time of sowing on the morphology, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of barley straw." Journal of Agricultural Science 118, no. 2 (1992): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960006874x.

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SUMMARYLeaf proportions (LP) were determined in spring barley straws harvested at Cambridge in 1984 and 1985. Linear regression equations showed that a greater number of days to flowering increased LP whilst greater plant height decreased LP in spring barley straws. Plant height accounted for more than 70% of the variance in LP. By contrast, grain yield and stem diameter accounted for only a small percentage of the variance in LP. Straws from two-rowed winter barleys had slightly higher LP than six-rowed winter barleys but LP in winter and spring barleys were similar.Leaf blade and leaf sheath

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2

Narasimhalu, P., D. Kong, and T. M. Choo. "Straw yields and nutrients of seventy-five Canadian barley cultivars." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 78, no. 1 (1998): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a97-020.

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Straw, grain, and total yields were compared among 32 two-row and 43 six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars registered in eastern and western Canada, that were grown at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island in 1991 and 1992. Straw nutrients was determined in 1991. Two-row cultivars yielded more straw and less grain than six-row cultivars (P < 0.05). The total yield (i.e., total aboveground dry matter) of two-row cultivars was approximately equal to that of six-row cultivars. Straw of two-row cultivars contained more cell contents but less hemicellulose, total-N, Ca, Na, Mn, and Zn than

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3

Al-Saghier, O. A. S., and R. C. Campling. "Energy and protein supplements to straw-based diets for yearling cattle: effects on straw intake and digestibility." Animal Science 52, no. 1 (1991): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100005717.

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ABSTRACTA series of change-over experiments examined the intake and digestibility of straw-based diets in yearling dairy heifers. Voluntary intakes of straws given as the sole food to yearling dairy heifers were 1·28, 1·20 and 0·90 kg dry matter (DM) per 100 kg live weight for barley, wheat and oat straws respectively, and the corresponding digestibility of organic matter was 0·47, 0·53 and 0·48. When supplemented with 2 kg rolled barley the intakes of straw did not alter, nor were they affected by replacing part of the rolled barley with an equal amount of soya-bean meal and thus increasing t

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4

Wang, Bing, Yongang Li, Hongyu Si, Huiyuan Chen, Ming Zhang, and Tao Song. "Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of activated carbons based on hulless barley straw and plain wheat straw obtained by H3PO4 activation." BioResources 13, no. 3 (2018): 5204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5204-5212.

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High specific surface area activated carbon was prepared by improving the process conditions of phosphoric acid activation and hulless barley straw and plain wheat straw as raw materials. The effects of the activation time on the pore structure and specific surface area of two types of activated carbon were investigated. The results revealed that soaking straws in the high concentrations of H3PO4 for 0.5 h to ensure complete soaking and then removing the straws from H3PO4 solution to activate was beneficial to the infiltration of H3PO4 in the raw material, and there was an increase in the surf

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5

Tuah, A. K., E. Lufadeju, E. R. Ørskov, and G. A. Blackett. "Rumen degradation of straw 1. Untreated and ammonia-treated barley, oat and wheat straw varieties and triticale straw." Animal Science 43, no. 2 (1986): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100002440.

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ABSTRACTThe dry-matter degradation of 19 varieties of barley, 14 varieties of wheat, 11 varieties of oats and one variety of triticale straws, both untreated and ammonia treated were studied using the nylon-bag technique. There were significant differences between the untreated varieties of all the types of cereal straw studied with respect to dry-matter loss (DML) values. When the barley and wheat straws were treated with ammonia, the differences between the varieties were also significant although ammonia treatment tended to improve those with lower values to a greater extent than those with

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6

Ng'ambi, J. W. W., and R. C. Campling. "Effects of sodium hydroxide and of energy and protein supplements on the voluntary intake and digestibility of barley, oat and wheat straw by cattle." Journal of Agricultural Science 117, no. 2 (1991): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600065357.

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SUMMARYThree change-over experiments with yearling cattle examined the effects on voluntary intake and digestibility of treating barley, oat and wheat straws with NaOH. Increases in intake due to the NaOH treatment were: with barley straw 31 %, oat straw 9% and with wheat straw 1 %, and the corresponding improvements in digestibility were 36, 13 and 24%. A further three experimentswith yearling heifers and steers measured the effects of supplements on the responsein feeding value to NaOH treatment of wheat straw. Increasing the daily supplement of rolled barley from 10 to 3·4 kg led to a decre

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7

Mathison, G. W., R. Soofi-Siawash, E. K. Okine, J. Helm, and P. Juskiw. "Factors influencing composition and ruminal degradability of barley straw." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, no. 3 (1999): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a99-012.

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Chemical composition and in situ ruminal degradability characteristics for 25 and 40 genotypes of barley straw were measured for crops grown in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Straw from semidwarf genotypes contained more crude protein and less neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than that from genotypes with medium straw length and effective ruminal degradability was 9% higher (P < 0.01). Straw from two-row genotypes contained 19% more crude protein (4.4 vs. 3.7%) and 3% less NDF (75.2 vs. 77.6%) than that from six-row genotypes and effective ruminal degradability was 6% higher (P < 0.01) when g

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8

Mawuenyegah, P. O., L. Warly, T. Harumoto, and T. Fujihara. "Effect of ammonia treatment or protein supplementation on rumination behaviour in sheep given barley straw." Animal Science 64, no. 3 (1997): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800016040.

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AbstractA study was conducted to compare the effects of ammoniation and protein supplementation of barley straw on rumination behaviour of sheep. Four wethers were allocated to four diets offered ad libitum in a 4 × 4 Latin-square design. The diets were, untreated barley straw + molasses meal (diet 1), untreated barley straw + soya-bean meal + molasses meal (diet 2), ammonia-treated barley straw + molasses meal (diet 3) and ammonia-treated barley straw + soya-bean meal + molasses meal (diet 4). Animals were kept in metabolism crates throughout each 16-day experimental period and allowed free a

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9

Keno, Mulugeta Tilahun, Jane Wamatu, Ashraf Alkhtib, Taye Tolemariam, Solomon Demeke, and Geert Paul Jules Janssens. "Barley Straw Use for Animal Feed and Soil Mulch in Ethiopian Highlands Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 5879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115879.

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Barley straw serves as livestock feed and mulch for soil and water conservation in the mixed barley-livestock systems of the Ethiopian highlands. High demand for barley straw biomass in the system creates competition between the two uses. This study aimed to identify the determinants of the utilization of barley straw for mulch and feed. Data on the production and use of barley straw were collected from 236 households using a structured questionnaire. Use of the straw for the purposes of soil mulch at three levels, 0–15% (marginal mulching), 15–35% (optimal mulching), 35–100% (over-mulching),

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10

Hart, M. J., M. Kay, and E. R. Ørskov. "The nutritive value of varieties of wheat and barley straw." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600023266.

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The utilization of cereal straws are limited by their low nutritive value and bulkiness which prevents ruminants from consuming sufficient to meet their nutrient requirements. However, recently there has been interest in furthering the use of cereal straws as food for ruminants. The main objective of the present study was to provide information on the degradability of straw for cereal varieties recently included on the SAC recommended lists. A further objective was to examine the between farm variation in degradability of straw for individual cereal varieties and to assess how this may be affe

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Jafarpour, Mehrdad, Alireza Jalalizand, and Shahin Eghbalsaied. "High fiber media as the most efficient substrates for Pleurotus florida culture." Archives of Biological Sciences 63, no. 3 (2011): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1103889j.

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Implementation of agricultural residues for oyster mushroom culture has been accepted world-wide. In this study, we used wheat straw, barley straw, maize stem residue, and lawn residue as substrates coupled with wheat bran, rice bran and soybean powder as complements for the growth of P. florida. Wheat and barley straws which contained a high fiber and C/N ratio had the best growth period, fruiting body weight, yield, and biological efficiency. Assessment of substrate and complement combinations indicated that the lowest growth period was obtained from barley straw enriched with rice bran (24.

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Sedmihradská, Anežka, Michael Pohořelý, Petr Jevič, et al. "Pyrolysis of wheat and barley straw." Research in Agricultural Engineering 66, No. 1 (2020): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/26/2019-rae.

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Pyrolysing agricultural crop residues and other biomass constitutes a newer method of transforming often difficult, waste materials into a novel type of soil amendment/additive. Simultaneously, this process also makes it possible to exploit part of the energy released in the agricultural production. Biochar, viewed as the solid product of biomass pyrolysis, is a remarkable, porous material, rich in carbon. Two agricultural crop residues, such as wheat and barley straw, were selected for the experimental studies. The results indicate that the practical temperature for the production of biochar

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13

Ramanzin, M., L. Bailoni, and G. Beni. "Varietal differences in rumen degradation of barley, wheat and hard wheat straws." Animal Science 53, no. 2 (1991): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100020055.

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AbstractThe rumen dry-matter degradation of straw from nine varieties of barley, nine varieties of wheat and seven varieties of hard wheat was studied to provide further information on varietal differences and their relationships with agronomic characteristics.In all the cereals there were significant differences in in situ dry-matter disappearance between varieties. The range of differences was lower in hard wheat varieties compared with the other cereals. There were no significant correlations between straw degradability and plant height, days from sowing to heading and grain production and

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14

KENNEDY, T. F., J. G. McDONALD, J. CONNERY, and G. PURVIS. "A comparison of the occurrence of aphids and barley yellow dwarf virus in minimum-till and conventional-till autumn-sown cereals." Journal of Agricultural Science 148, no. 4 (2010): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859610000304.

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SUMMARYWinter barley was sown by conventional-tillage (CT) and minimum-tillage (MT) cultivation over three seasons. Each cultivation treatment was split so that straw was incorporated into the soil during cultivation in one split, while the other did not receive straw. Aphid occurrences in autumn and incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in spring were compared. Similar investigations on winter wheat were made over a further three seasons. The method of cultivation affected the number of aphids on barley and wheat plants in autumn and on wheat heads in summer; MT had fewest aphids. Soi

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15

Mustafa, A. F., D. A. Christensen, and J. J. McKinnon. "In vitro and in situ evaluation of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) hay and straw." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 4 (1996): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-092.

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The in vitro and in situ nutrient degradabilities of fenugreek hay and straw relative to late-cut alfalfa hay and barley straw were determined. Results indicated that the nutritive value of fenugreek hay was comparable to late cut alfalfa hay while that of genugreek straw was lower than barley straw. Key words: Fenugreek, hay, straw

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16

Ho, K. M., T. M. Choo, J. Rowsell, L. Guillemettte, G. Scheifele, and R. A. Martin. "Nordbec barley." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 3 (2004): 805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-155.

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Nordbec is an early-maturing, six-rowed, spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar developed by the Eastern Canada Barley Breeding Group, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. It has high yield, improved straw strength and resistance to powdery mildew. Nordbec is suitable for production in northern Ontario. Key words: Cultivar description, Hordeum vulgare L., early maturity, feed barley, high yield, short straw

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17

Kay, M., G. W. Reid, and E. R. Orskov. "The influence of straw quality and level of concentrate in a completely mixed diet on intake and growth rate in steers." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600016962.

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Results from a previous experiment with growing steers showed that straw from varieties of winter and spring barley or winter wheat supported different intakes and rates of gain. It was possible to identify those cereal straws most suitable for inclusion in low cost diets for beef cattle. The object of this work was to assess whether complete diets containing a minimum of 35% “good” straw could sustain a high rate of gain in finishing cattle. The trial used 45 Hereford cross steers that weighed 360 kg at the start. There were three types of straw examined; straw from the spring barley variety

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18

Reid, G. W., E. R. Ørksov, and M. Kay. "A note on the effect of variety, type of straw and ammonia treatment on digestibility and on growth rate in steers." Animal Science 47, no. 1 (1988): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100037168.

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Forty Hereford cross steers of 350 kg live weight were allocated to 10 treatments in which straw was offered ad libitum. The straws comprised two varieties of winter barley (Gerbel (G) an Igri (I)), two varieties of spring barley (Corgi (C) and Golden Promise (GP)) and one variety of winter wheat (Norman (N)). Each straw was offered either untreated (with 20 g urea per kg added at feeding), or treated (with 30 g anhydrous ammonia). After 10 weeks the treatments were changed. The mean growth rates for steers receiving the untreated straws were 0·11, 0·13, 0·40, 0·20 and 0·27 kg/day and for trea

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19

Mathison, G. W., H. Hsu, R. Soofi-Siawash, et al. "Prediction of composition and ruminal degradability characteristics of barley straw by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, no. 4 (1999): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a99-011.

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The usefulness of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for the prediction of the nutritive value of straw was examined with 195 samples of barley straw. Excluding lignin, NIRS technique explained 84 to 94% of the variation in chemical components in the validation set. From 69 to 84% of the variation in ruminal degradability characteristics, excluding rate of degradation, was explained by NIRS. With the exception of neutral detergent fiber, accuracies of prediction were not improved when NIRS calibrations were based upon calibration sets containing straw only in contrast with when barl

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20

Soon, Y. K. "Crop residue and fertilizer management effects on nutrient use and barley production." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 2 (1999): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-051.

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Cereal straw has many potential on-farm and off-farm uses. If straw is to be removed from land, the practice should not adversely impact long-term crop production and soil quality. A 10-yr experiment was conducted on a Dark Grey Solod near Beaverlodge, Alberta (55°13′N, 119°20′W) to determine the effects of fertilizer and straw management on the yield of, and nutrient (N and P) use by, continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Four straw management treatments: (i) straw removal; (ii) straw ploughed in; (iii) straw disked in; and (iv) straw disked in plus a red clover (Trifoleum pratense L.) gree

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21

Thomas, S. "Sugar beet pulp as a supplement to straw in diets for finishing cattle." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017761.

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When barley has been used as a supplement to straw in diets for finishing cattle the performance achieved has often been below target. A trial was made to measure whether substitution of sugar beet pulp, a fibrous source of energy, for barley in such diets would Improve performance. Forty-eight Frieslan-type steers weighing 370 kg were offered long, Spring barley straw (variety Doublet) ad libitum. The straw was either untreated or treated with ammonia. Ammonia treatment was carried out in an oven with 3% anhydrous ammonia for 21 hours. Supplementation of the straw was designed to give a daily

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22

Hassaan, Mohamed A., Antonio Pantaleo, Francesco Santoro, et al. "Techno-Economic Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles Pretreatments for Biogas Production from Barley Straw." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195001.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the biogas production from mechanically treated barley straw and to perform a techno-economic analysis based on the costs assessment and on the results of biogas production. The structural changes of mechanically pretreated barley straw were observed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM. Additionally, both green ZnO NPs prepared from red alga (Antithamnion plumula) extract and chemically prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM, surface area, and EDX. The results revealed that the biogas production

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23

MIR, P. S., Z. MIR, and J. A. ROBERTSON. "EFFECT OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS OR FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF BARLEY STRAW OR ALFALFA HAY." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, no. 1 (1986): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas86-016.

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In vitro dry matter digestibilities of ground barley straw or alfalfa hay, supplemented with branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine and isoleucine) or their corresponding fatty acids (isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methyl butyric acids), at 4% of substrate dry matter were determined. In vitro digestibilities were obtained after incubation in either rumen fluid or rumen fluid followed by pepsin in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid. Urea was added to the branched-chain fatty acid treatments so they were isonitrogenous with the amino acid treatments. Digestibility of barley straw was increased (P < 0

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24

Román-Gutiérrez, Alma Delia, Danae Duana-Ávila, Juan Hernández-Ávila, et al. "Reuse of Barley Straw for Handmade Paper Production." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912691.

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The main objective of this work is supporting the use of sustainable solutions for the management and reuse of agricultural waste from the cereal harvest, such as oats, barley, and triticale, making sheets of artisan paper, innovating the process with the use of different proportions of cellulose obtained from straw residues. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained sheets showed that basis weight (66–96 g/m2), thickness (19–300 μm), burst strength (68.9–103.4 kPa), burst index (0.81–1.35 kPam2/g) and bulk (2.52–3.12 cm3/g), were adequate. Based on what can be observed in the SEM

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25

Zając, T., A. Oleksy, A. Stokłosa, A. Klimek-Kopyra, and J. Macuda. "Vertical distribution of dry mass in cereals straw and its loss during harvesting." International Agrophysics 27, no. 1 (2013): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10247-012-0072-0.

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Abstract The study aimed at evaluating the distribution of mass in the straw of cereal species and also at assessing the straw yield and its losses resulting from the amount of the stubble left in the field. It was found empirically that the wheat culms are composed of five internodes, and in barley, triticale and oats of six. The highest straw mass per 1 cm was found in the second internode in both forms of wheat and winter triticale, whereas barley and oats gathered the highest weight in the first internode. In the southern part of Silesia species and forms of cereals differed in the straw y

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26

Alimon, A. R., E. Owen, B. J. Hosking, and G. Rios. "Effect of rates of offer and treatment with sodium hydroxide or ammonia on intake, digestibility and selection of barley straw by goats." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1989 (March 1989): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600011168.

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Wahed and Owen (1986) showed that intake of untreated barley straw increased by up to 40% when the amount offered was increased to allow goats to refuse 50% of the amount offered instead of the 15-20% used in conventional ad libitum intake trials. The increase was attributed to greater opportunity to select the more digestible parts of the straw. The present experiment was made to see whether similar responses occur if digestibility of the straw is increased by alkali treatment.Thirty-six individually-fed Saanen-type castrates weighing 31-65 kg were used in a 3x2 (3 straw types, 2 rates of off

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Ørskov, E. R., G. W. Reid, and M. Kay. "Prediction of intake by cattle from degradation characteristics of roughages." Animal Science 46, no. 1 (1988): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000335610000307x.

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ABSTRACTFive different straws consisting of two varieties of winter barley, two varieties of spring barley and one variety of winter wheat were chosen due to differences in degradation characteristics determined by using nylon bags incubated in the rumen of cattle and describing the straw using the equation: p = a + b (1 – e–ct). To increase variation in degradability, batches of the same straws were also treated with anhydrous ammonia in a sealed oven.The straws were subsequently offered ad libitum to groups of steers given a daily supplement of 1·5 kg concentrate and untreated straws were su

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Goodchild, A. V., F. Jaby El-Haramein, and T. T. Treacher. "Predicting the voluntary intake of barley straw with near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS)." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600026581.

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In developing countries, straws, stovers and stubbles provide a large proportion of the nutrient intake of ruminants. Cereal breeders working for these countries need a rapid test to predict the nutritional value of straw. An important component of nutritional value of straw is voluntary intake (Goodchild et al. 1992). Voluntary intake (DMT) is usually measured in samples of straw weighing 100 kg or more: in contrast, only a few plants weighing tens of grams are available for each genotype in the early stages of breeding. Indirect methods of estimating voluntary intake, like in vitro gas produ

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29

Rode, L. M., K. D. Jakober, H. Kudo, and K. J. Cheng. "Utilization of barley straw, chemically treated with ammonium sulfite, anhydrous ammonia or urea, by ruminants." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 77, no. 1 (1997): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a95-117.

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Straw treated with anhydrous ammonia, ammonium sulfite, urea or left untreated was examined in a series of feeding experiments to determine the relative efficacy of the treatments to improve the nutritive value of barley straw. In exp. 1, diets containing ammonia- and ammonium sulfite-treated barley straw were more digestible (P < 0.05) than diets with untreated straw. In exp. 2, average daily gain (ADG) and voluntary feed intake (VFI) were greatest for heifers fed ammonia-treated straw, followed by heifers fed urea-treated straw, and then by heifers fed ammonium sulfite-treated straw. Heif

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30

Haigh, J. M., M. E. King, B. J. Keeling, and D. M. Inglis. "The Intake and Performance of Pregnant Ewes In-Wintered on Straw-Based Diets." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017360.

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Limited work has been carried out on straw feeding to pregnant ewes. The present study aimed to assess intake and performance of ewes when fed diets based on either barley or pea straw.One hundred and forty mule ewes were randomly allocated to basal diets of pea or barly straw 15 weeks prior to lambing and allowed access to straw prior to housing to allow diet familiarisation. Pregancy diagnosis was performed at 75-80 days of gestation using real time ultrasound scanning. All in-lamb ewes were housed and grouped according to predicted foetal load. Ewe liveweight and condition was assessed at h

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Serra-Parareda, Ferran, Quim Tarrés, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Francesc X. Espinach, Pere Mutjé, and Fabiola Vilaseca. "Biobased Composites from Biobased-Polyethylene and Barley Thermomechanical Fibers: Micromechanics of Composites." Materials 12, no. 24 (2019): 4182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244182.

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The cultivation of cereals like rye, barley, oats, or wheat generates large quantities of agroforestry residues, which reaches values of around 2066 million metric tons/year. Barley straw alone represents 53%. In this work, barley straw is recommended for the production of composite materials in order to add value to this agricultural waste. First of all, thermomechanical (TMP) fibers from barley straw are produced and later used to reinforce bio-polyethylene (BioPE) matrix. TMP barley fibers were chemically and morphologically characterized. Later, composites with optimal amounts of coupling

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32

Varvikko, T., and J. E. Lindberg. "Estimation of microbial nitrogen in nylon-bag residues by feed15N dilution." British Journal of Nutrition 54, no. 2 (1985): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850132.

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1. Rapeseed (Brussicu nupus), barley grain, ryegrass (Loliurnperenne) and barley straw were labelled with15N as an internal marker. The dilution of15N was used to estimate microbial N (RMN15N) in the feed residues in nylon bags incubated in the rumen for 5, 12 and 24 h. For comparative purposes, diaminopimelic acid (DAP) content of the residues was also determined and rumen microbial N (RMNDAP-N) in the feed residues calculated using DAP as a bacterial marker. The influence of two bag pore sizes (20 μm and 40 μm) with different sample sizes (1 g and 5 g respectively) was also studied.2. For al

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33

White, Ethel M. "Straw and grain production in spring barley cultivars." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 2 (1987): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079284.

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SummaryGrain and straw yields of a range of spring barley cultivars were assessed in field experiments conducted from 1981 to 1983 in Northern Ireland. Mean straw yields varied between 2·75 t/ha in Inga and 1·94 t/ha in Golden Promise over the 3-year period. Both grain and straw yields varied from year to year, with straw production being more consistent for individual cultivars than grain yield. High grain yields were not associated with high straw yields, straw to grain ratios varying between 0·72 in Midas and 0·51 in Corgi. Neither grain yield nor straw length were good predictors of straw

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Islam, M. R., E. Owen, D. I. Givens, and A. R. Moss. "Effects of variety, sowing date and fertilizer nitrogen on botanical fractions of oat straw." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200594289.

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Sheep and goats are capable of selecting for leaf and leaf sheath, if offered barley straw generously i.e. allowing the animals to refuse about half the amount offered (Wahed et al., 1990). Recent results (M.R. Islam, unpublished results, Reading University) indicate sheep to be capable of selecting when offered oat straw generously. Factors affecting the botanical composition of straws will therefore affect their nutritive value, especially for small ruminants. The increasing use of oat and naked oat grain for humans will mean greater production of oat straw in the future. However, little is

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Islam, M. R., E. Owen, D. I. Givens, and A. R. Moss. "Effects of variety, sowing date and fertilizer nitrogen on botanical fractions of oat straw." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600031998.

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Sheep and goats are capable of selecting for leaf and leaf sheath, if offered barley straw generously i.e. allowing the animals to refuse about half the amount offered (Wahed et al., 1990). Recent results (M.R. Islam, unpublished results, Reading University) indicate sheep to be capable of selecting when offered oat straw generously. Factors affecting the botanical composition of straws will therefore affect their nutritive value, especially for small ruminants. The increasing use of oat and naked oat grain for humans will mean greater production of oat straw in the future. However, little is

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Soldatkina, L. M., and M. A. Yanar. "Adsorption of cationic dyes on barley straw modified by citric acid: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies." Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 13, no. 2 (2022): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp13.02.197.

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The adsorption performance of cationic dyes (methylene blue and malachite green) on barley straw modified by citric acid has been studied. Barley straw modified by citric acid is a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent, however the effectiveness of the adsorbent towards cationic dyes have not yet been examined. Accordingly, kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic aspects of the cationic dyes adsorption from aqueous solution were studied in order to evaluate the citric acid modified barley straw efficiency. The modified barley straw was characterized versus unmodified matter using Fourier Transfo

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Rabee, Alaa Emara, Amr A. Sayed Alahl, Mebarek Lamara, and Suzanne L. Ishaq. "Fibrolytic rumen bacteria of camel and sheep and their applications in the bioconversion of barley straw to soluble sugars for biofuel production." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262304.

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Lignocellulosic biomass such as barley straw is a renewable and sustainable alternative to traditional feeds and could be used as bioenergy sources; however, low hydrolysis rate reduces the fermentation efficiency. Understanding the degradation and colonization of barley straw by rumen bacteria is the key step to improve the utilization of barley straw in animal feeding or biofuel production. This study evaluated the hydrolysis of barley straw as a result of the inoculation by rumen fluid of camel and sheep. Ground barley straw was incubated anaerobically with rumen inocula from three fistulat

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Stehr, Katelyn R., Stephanie A. Terry, Gabriel O. Ribeiro, et al. "Effect of replacing barley silage with calcium oxide-treated barley straw on rumen fermentation, rumen microbiota, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of finishing beef cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 101, no. 3 (2021): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2020-0071.

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Effect of calcium oxide (CaO) treatment of barley straw and salt on rumen fermentation, microbiota, digestibility, growth, and carcass quality of cattle was assessed. A replicated 4 × 4 Latin square metabolism experiment was conducted using eight heifers fed a wheat finishing diet with barley silage (B-SIL), barley straw (B-S), or 5.0% CaO-treated barley straw (CaOS) with or without NaCl (CaOS-NS). Growth over 115 d was assessed using 75 individually housed steers fed the above diets and an additional diet (I-CaOS), where CaO was added to straw just before feeding. There was no effect (P ≥ 0.0

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Płoszyński, Michał, and Bogdana Runowska-Hryńczuk. "The influence of Avadex BW on the yield and chemical composition of spring barley variety 'Aramir', with different NPK fertilization." Acta Agrobotanica 33, no. 1 (2013): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1980.011.

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The combined influence of two doses of herbicide Avadex BW (3 and 6 l/ha) and three levels of NPK fertilization on spring barley variety 'Aramir' was studied in a pot experiment. Only with the highest NPK dose, and only during the initial stage of vegetation the herbicide showed the phytotoxicity toward barley. Avadex BW manifested no significant effect on the yields of ,grain and straw. Increasing doses of N~P brought about significant yield increases of above-ground parts during shooting stage, and of the grain and straw in the final yield. Fertilization gave much more evident qualitative ch

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Jenkyn, J. F., O. J. Stedman, G. V. Dyke, and A. D. Todd. "Effects of straw inoculum and fungicides on leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis), growth and yield of winter barley." Journal of Agricultural Science 112, no. 1 (1989): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600084148.

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SummaryFive experiments in harvest years 1980–2 tested the effects of straw inoculum and fungicides on leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis), growth and yield of winter barley. Inoculating plots with rhynchosporium-infected straw increased the rate of disease development and greatly decreased seedling growth but inoculating plots with wheat straw or sterilized barley straw had no effect. In 1982, plots inoculated with infected straw gave less grain than uninoculated plots, but in all years fungicide sprays applied in winter or early spring had mostly small effects on grain yield that were only

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Wiśniewska, Sylwia K., Jakub Nalaskowski, Edyta Witka-Jeżewska, Jan Hupka, and Jan D. Miller. "Surface properties of barley straw." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 29, no. 2-3 (2003): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7765(02)00178-9.

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Jobidon, Robert, J. Robert Thibault, and J. André Fortin. "Effect of straw residues on black spruce seedling growth and mineral nutrition, under greenhouse conditions." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 10 (1989): 1291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-197.

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The potential allelopathic (phytotoxic or beneficial) effect of barley, oat, and wheat straw mulches was evaluated on growth, mineral nutrition, and mycorrhizal status of black spruce seedlings, under greenhouse conditions. The various straws did not affect spruce seedling height growth over a 2-month growth period. The newly formed fine roots of treated and control seedlings were mycorrhizal. Oat and wheat straw significantly enhanced foliar phosphorus content, as compared with the control. All treatments significantly depressed foliar manganese content, indicating that the straws could exert

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Tekeste, Negasi, Kindnew Dessie, Kahsay Taddesse, and Assen Ebrahim. "Evaluation of Different Substrates for Yield and Yield Attributes of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in Crop-livestock Farming System of Northern Ethiopia." Open Agriculture Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331502014010030.

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Background: In Tigray region of Ethiopia there is high rate of malnutrition which is severely affecting productivity of households. Cultivation of edible mushrooms can help to diversify income and mitigate malnutrition in the region. Aim: A laboratory experiment was carried out at Aksum University, northern Ethiopia aimed at evaluating the yield and yield attributes response of oyster mushroom to five types of substrates namely cotton seed hull, teff straw, barley straw, sesame stalk and sawdust. Methods: The experiment was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Results: Findings of t

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Capper, B. S., E. F. Thomson, S. Rihawi, A. Termanini, and R. Macrae. "The feeding value of straw from different genotypes of barley when given to Awassi sheep." Animal Science 42, no. 3 (1986): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100018109.

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ABSTRACTBarley straw constitutes up to half of the dry-matter intake of Awassi sheep in areas of Syria where the rainfall is 200 to 350 mm. The genotype of barley planted could therefore, through the nutritive value of its straw, significantly affect flock production levels. Selection of suitable barley genotypes may have greater economic potential as a means of improving roughage feeding quality in these areas than chemical or physical processing.The voluntary intake and digestibility of the unsupplemented straw of three genotypes of barley was evaluated with Awassi castrated male sheep. The

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Zając, Tomasz, Agnieszka Synowiec, Andrzej Oleksy, Jan Macuda, Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra, and Franciszek Borowiec. "Accumulation of biomass and bioenergy in culms of cereals as a factor of straw cutting height." International Agrophysics 31, no. 2 (2017): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0041.

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Abstract Cereal straw is an important biomass source in Europe. This work assessed: 1) the morphological and energetic characteristics of culms of spring and winter cereals, 2) the energy deposited in the different aboveground parts of cereals, 3) losses of energy due to different cutting heights. The straw of winter and spring cereals was collected from arable fields during the seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11 in southern Poland. Detailed biometric measurements of culms and internodes were performed. The losses of straw biomass and energy were assessed during simulation of cutting the culm at diff

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Ayrilmis, Nadir, Anton M. Kuzmin, Tahar Masri, et al. "Effects of reinforcement by both waste glass and barley straw on water resistance, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyethylene composite." BioResources 20, no. 3 (2025): 5967–87. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.3.5967-5987.

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The water resistance, strength, and thermal properties of the thermoplastic composites were investigated by using different blends of barley stalk flour and waste glass flour as hybrid fillers in HDPE (50 wt%). Virgin E-glass fibers were also used for comparison with the results of the waste glass. The test specimens were prepared by hot-press molding. It was found that the water resistance, tensile strength, and modulus of the HDPE polymer composite prepared with the addition of barley straw flour alone were improved with the use of the waste glass flour and barley straw hybrid. The water abs

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Alawa, J. P., G. Fishwick, J. J. Parkins, R. G. Hemingway, and T. C. Aitchison. "Influence of energy source and dietary protein degradability on the voluntary intake and digestibility of barley straw by pregnant beef cows." Animal Science 43, no. 2 (1986): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100002385.

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ABSTRACTThree experiments, designed as three simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares (21-day feeding periods), were conducted using pregnant beef cows. Diets were based on barley straw given ad libitum together with 1·7 kg dry matter (DM) of either molassed sugar-beet pulp (MSBP) (experiment 1), unmolassed sugarbeet pulp (USBP) (experiment 2), or rolled barley (BARLEY) (experiment 3). In the respective experiments, MSBP, USBP and BARLEY were given either alone, to provide about 200 g crude protein (CP) per day (CONTROL) or were supplemented with urea (U), untreated soya-bean meal (SBM) or formaldehyd

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Smith, T., J. W. Siviter, and R. J. Merry. "Further comparisons of energy and protein sources for growing cattle." Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no. 3 (1985): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600044233.

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SummarySpring-barley straw or maize silage were the major components in mixed diets of compound and forage fed to yearling dairy heifers. With straw, rolled barley was fed either alone or with fishmeal, soya-bean meal, protected soya-bean meal, whey + urea or Ewoplua (a product made from whey and rich in lactosyl urea). With maize silage the rolled barley was fed either alone or with fishmeal, whey + urea or Ewoplus.When straw was included in the diet fishmeal and protected soya-bean meal increased live-weight gain, and all the supplements increased nitrogen retention. When maize silage was fe

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Fondevila, M., C. Castrillo, J. Gasa, and J. A. Guada. "Effect of ammonia treatment of barley straw on the dynamics of its degradation in the rumen." Animal Science 57, no. 03 (1993): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800042739.

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AbstractTwo experiments were designed to examine the effects of ammonia treatment of barley straw on rumen environmental conditions for fibre degradation, and to determine the effect of treatment on the soluble and insoluble fractions of straw. In experiment 1, rumen pH, and ammonia-nitrogen and volatile fatty acid concentrations in the rumen of sheep receiving untreated (US1) or ammonia-treated (TS1) straw were recorded. Also, both straws were incubated in the rumen of both groups of animals. There were no significant differences (P&gt; 0·05) within rumen parameters, except for butyrate p

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Keno, Mulugeta Tilahun, Taye Tolemariam, Solomon Demeke, Jane Wamatu, Ashraf Alkhtib, and Geert P. J. Janssens. "Effect of Barley Variety on Feed Intake, Digestibility, Body Weight Gain and Carcass Characteristics in Fattening Lambs." Animals 11, no. 6 (2021): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061773.

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Twenty lambs (18 ± 0.22 kg initial weight) were blocked by weight and individually assigned into pens to evaluate the effects of barley straw variety on digestibility, growth performance and carcass characteristics. The following four treatments were tested: (1) a local barley straw (as control), (2) HB1963 (high grain and straw yields), (3) Traveller (high straw yielder), and (4) IBON174/03 (high grain yielder). A concentrate (50:50 wheat bran and noug seed cake) was offered constantly (300 DM g), whereas the straw was offered ad libitum. The digestibility trial lasted 22 days (15 days to ada

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