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Journal articles on the topic 'Street cleaning'
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Gronba-Chyła, Anna, Agnieszka Generowicz, Paweł Kwaśnicki, et al. "Determining the Effectiveness of Street Cleaning with the Use of Decision Analysis and Research on the Reduction in Chloride in Waste." Energies 15, no. 10 (2022): 3538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103538.
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Waste from street cleaning is usually of a fine fraction below 10 mm and varies greatly in both quantity and composition. It may be composed of chlorides, especially for that resulting during winter due to the use of street de-icing agents. Chlorides can cause the salinization of surface water and groundwater, and the salinization of soils, which in turn lead to the deterioration of water purity and a decrease in biodiversity of aquatic organisms, changes in microbiological structure, and increases in toxicity of metals. Therefore, it is very important to determine the level of salinity in stored waste and its impact on the environment. The present study was conducted in a city of about 55,000 inhabitants. The highest chloride concentrations were observed after winter in waste from street and sidewalk cleaning around the sewer gullies, amounting to 1468 mg/dm3. The lowest chloride concentration in this waste occurred in summer and amounted to 35 mg/dm3. The multi-criteria analysis indicated that the most beneficial form of street cleaning and, thus, of reductions in chloride concentration in the waste from street cleaning, would be sweeping and daily washing. The objective of this research was to determine the amount of chlorides in sweepings on an annual basis in order to determine the potential risks associated with their impact on select aspects of the environment and to evaluate the frequency of necessary cleaning for city streets, considering the effects. The methodology used was a multi-criteria evaluation, which as a decision analysis, allowed us to determine the frequency of cleaning and washing of streets, in such a way that an ecological effect is achieved with simultaneous economic efficiency.
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Isma, Asad, and Muhammad Junaidi HB. "Street Children Religious Education: A Study on Car Window Cleaning Kids in Jambi." Al-Ta lim Journal 25, no. 3 (2018): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jt.v25i3.510.
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Children begin careers on the streets in several locations in the city of Jambi. They work on the streets as street musicians, vehicle glass cleaners, newspaper and tissue sellers, both forcibly and deliberately. Their existence is influenced by some factors, such as family neglect and socio-economic conditions; as well as finding work on the streets and sustaining the work are much easier than looking for work which uses energy or mind. The purpose of this research is to study the religious education of street children who become car glass cleaners which has increased significantly compared to other street professions. This study aims to explore two issues: where the children obtain their religious education and to what extent they practice it in their daily life. Qualitative collecting data techniques were used including observation and interviews. This research found that the street children interviewed in this study only had access to religious education at morning school. They do not attend madrasah, the Qur'an educational school or Taman Pengajian Alquran (TPA), and Sekolah Islam Terpadu. The dominant factors affecting their religious education were their school and their peer group at school. Meanwhile, parents seldom practice the religious duty in family, thus the parents’ influence on the children’s religious practices was minimal. Therefore, this research recommends other actors give early religious education for street children. Religious education can be integrated with their shelter homes which can be their early Islamic religious education.
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Asenuga, Tomi. "Saturday street cleaning in Lagos." Cities 7, no. 1 (1990): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-2751(90)90022-y.
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Bogacki, Marek, Robert Oleniacz, Mateusz Rzeszutek, Adriana Szulecka, and Marian Mazur. "The impact of street cleaning on particulate matter air concentrations: a case study of a street canyon in Krakow (Poland)." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500009.
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The paper presents the impact of the cleaning of a dual carriageway located in a street canyon in Krakow (Southern Poland) on the levels of the PM10 and PM2.5 air concentrations. For this purpose, representative dust samples from the analysed street were collected corresponding to the street cleaning situation, the re-entrained road dust PM10 and PM2.5 emissions were estimated in accordance with the U.S. EPA guidelines, and the particulate matter atmospheric dispersion modelling was carried out using the CALINE4 model for a selected episode of street cleaning. The modelling results were compared with the measurement results of the PM10 and PM2.5 air concentrations obtained from the air quality monitoring station (traffic type) located in the middle of this street canyon. The results of the air dispersion modelling in the canyon zone confirmed the strong impact of street cleaning on the temporary (1-hour) PM10 concentrations in the direct vicinity of the cleaned section depending on meteorological conditions. During the cleaning episode, no significant increase in the PM2.5 concentration in the air was observed.
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Sinaga, M. Harwansyah, Sri Yani, Ella Salsabila, Hasanah Hasibuan, and Dinda Febriyanti Sinaga. "PERMASALAHAN UMUM YANG DIALAMI ANAK JALANAN." Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang 9, no. 1 (2023): 868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v9i1.799.
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Street children are children who spend a lot of time on the streets starting from their daily activities or just wandering around to make a living from one place to another. The purpose of this study is to find out what underlies street children to decide to go down and live on the streets, what are the views of the community about street children, what are the problems experienced by street children. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by conducting interviews and observations of street children and the community concerned. Research location on Jl. Hero Character, Kec. Medan Perjuangan, Medan City which involved 6 people with 3 street children and 3 people from the community. The results of research on street children that the authors get are social problems that are an interesting phenomenon in social life. The author can meet children who spend most of their lives on the streets at various points in the center of the crowd in big cities, such as markets, terminals, stations, traffic lights, urban centers, and so on. Their street life is mainly related to economic activities, including busking, begging, selling, porters, delivering newspapers, cleaning cars, and so on. Although there are also groups of children who just hang around or gather aimlessly on the streets.
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Ping, Ping, Guoyan Xu, Effendy Kumala, and Jerry Gao. "Smart Street Litter Detection and Classification Based on Faster R-CNN and Edge Computing." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 30, no. 04 (2020): 537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194020400045.
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Cleanliness of city streets has an important impact on city environment and public health. Conventional street cleaning methods involve street sweepers going to many spots and manually confirming if the street needs to be clean. However, this method takes a substantial amount of manual operations for detection and assessment of street’s cleanliness which leads to a high cost for cities. Using pervasive mobile devices and AI technology, it is now possible to develop smart edge-based service system for monitoring and detecting the cleanliness of streets at scale. This paper explores an important aspect of cities — how to automatically analyze street imagery to understand the level of street litter. A vehicle (i.e. trash truck) equipped with smart edge station and cameras is used to collect and process street images in real time. A deep learning model is developed to detect, classify and analyze the diverse types of street litters such as tree branches, leaves, bottles and so on. In addition, two case studies are reported to show its strong potential and effectiveness in smart city systems.
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Bertasa, Moira, Chiara Ricci, Arianna Scarcella, et al. "Overcoming Challenges in Street Art Murals Conservation: A Comparative Study on Cleaning Approach and Methodology." Coatings 10, no. 11 (2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111019.
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Street art, and its preservation, has become one of the most discussed and still open topics in the field of conservation. The absence of a sharable conservation protocol in terms of cleaning and protection is a delicate subject to deal with. The cleaning of contemporary murals and urban artworks stained by graphical vandalism is a real challenge, due to the similar chemical composition of the materials involved. In this work two different approaches to the cleaning of street art murals, namely chemical methods and laser cleaning, are reported and compared with the aim of identifying a suitable conservation practice. Ad hoc concrete mock-ups coated with a paint layer and a simulated vandalism on top have been prepared and used for the testing and analytical assessment of the cleaning procedures.
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Terekhova, V. S., A. A. Popov, E. M. Gritsenko, M. M. Satsuk, and A. A. Artyshko. "Quality evaluation information system of street cleaning." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1515 (April 2020): 032055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1515/3/032055.
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Gao, D., and J. Chen. "Experimental research on waterjet street surface cleaning." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer 159, no. 2 (2006): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/muen.2006.159.2.71.
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Ginting, Mishella Serafina Br, and Imam Shofwan. "Life Survival Strategy of Street Children and Accompaniment." Edukasi 15, no. 2 (2021): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/edukasi.v15i2.33352.
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Family poverty is a factor in the emergence of the phenomenon of street children, the inability to fulfill life expenses is the reason for them to survive in the streets by doing activities such as selling newspapers, busking, begging, market workers, street vendors, scavenging used goods, polishing shoes, cleaning vehicles services at traffic lights, collecting used goods, and so on. The purpose of this study was to find out how the live survival strategy for street children and to find out the efforts to assist street children by the Setara Foundation in Semarang City. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources in this study were four street children who lived on the streets for more than 2 years and a manager of the Semarang City Setara Foundation. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Validity checking technique using source triangulation. The research located at the Tugu Muda area of Semarang City and the Setara Foundation office. The results of this study are a form of the subject's survival strategy by applying active survival strategies by working on the streets from an early age independently, such as selling newspapers and tissues, passive survival strategies by saving food or eating with potluck dishes, and network survival strategies by maintaining relationships with other street children. The handling carried out by the Setara Foundation involves children that considered at risk of streets life and children that is already involving at streets in various activities, such as preventing children who are at risk of taking to the streets and becoming victims of CSEC, involving children in alternative education, developing children's forums, developing child protection networks, and legal assistance to street children, especially those who are exploited, children in conflict with the law, and sexual violence. The Setara Foundation has several mentoring programs for street children to avoid CSEC and legal assistance for children who are victims of violence and CSEC.
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Postoronko, Nazar, Dmytro Trushakov, Oleksandr Kozlovskyi, and Marianna Fedotova. "Creation of an Information and Communication System «Clean Ukraine» for Monitoring Territory Pollution." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 1, no. 5(36) (2022): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.5(36).1.105-110.
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The article is devoted to the creation of a specialized information and communication system that would help detect street pollution, vandalism and eliminate them quickly. The main purpose of the study is to automate the process of notification and communication of institutions engaged in cleaning the streets of cities and towns of Ukraine. The task of the research is to create a layout of the software of the information and communication system - the layout of the web resource and the layout of the mobile application "Clean Ukraine". This will allow online clean-up agencies to detect street pollution and vandalism by communicating with the public and removing them quickly. By analyzing the existing information and communication systems, the most optimal solution was determined - the algorithm of the information and communication system "Clean Ukraine" was built. As a result of the study, a layout of the web resource of the information and communication system and a layout of the mobile application "Clean Ukraine" were created, which allows to detect street pollution and vandalism by communicating with the population and quickly eliminate them. An interactive layout of the Clean Ukraine mobile application was created on the Figma platform. The algorithm of this information and communication system is as follows. If the applicant person has discovered street pollution or vandalism, this fact must be recorded in a photo or video. You need to go to the created information and communication mobile application or web resource and fill out the form of notification of pollution or vandalism and attach a photo or video file. Employees of the relevant specialized institution read the message. If the message is meaningful and detailed, the staff of the institution passes it to the service, which cleans the area and eliminates the consequences of pollution. Employees of the specialized institution inform the applicant about the work performed. This can significantly reduce the time to detect contaminants and increase the efficiency of institutions involved in cleaning up the area. Thanks to the introduction of the presented information and communication system, it will be possible to improve the quality of cleaning the streets of cities and towns of Ukraine. Also, this system will create new jobs for which people do not need special education. Many of this work will be filled by people who will work remotely checking user requests.
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V, Aswini, Keerthana M, NehaShree G, and Sasmitha S. "A Machine Learning-Based Smart City Garbage Collection System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (2023): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54417.
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Abstract: During the process of smart city construction, city managers always spend a lot of energy and money for cleaning street garbage due to the random appearances of street garbage. Consequently, visual street cleanliness assessmentis particularly important. However, the existing assessment approaches have some clear disadvantages, such as the collection of street garbage information is not automated and street cleanliness assessment is not real-time. To address these disadvantages, this paper proposes an urban street cleanliness assessment approach using mobileedge computing and deep leaning. First the sensor are installed inside the dustbin and obtain up to the particular threshold . then Mobile edge service is used to store and extract street image information temporarily.
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Kumar Indrani, Nagesh, and Ashima Banker. "Street Cleaning Machinery Study - A Review of Existing Tools and Techniques." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (2023): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23207150105.
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Popov, A., O. N. Lopateeva, A. K. Ovsyankin, et al. "Development of the automated information system «clean district» for control of cleaning of streets in the city of Krasnoyarsk." Informatization and communication, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34219/2078-8320-2020-11-2-77-83.
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Among the measures aimed at the effective performance of public services in a modern urban environment, one of the main is the quality control and efficiency of the work performed. Timely street cleaning is hampered by several groups of problems, including the lack of a single automated information system (AIS) control of the work performed. In this regard, there is a need to improve and automate this area. This approach will allow you to combine high performance due to the speed of the system and effective quality control of street cleaning. The purpose of this work is the study and analysis of existing information systems (is), allowing to automate the process of quality control and operational performance of the above tasks. On the basis of the conducted researches, to develop is, having coordinated with the customer (administration of the Central district of Krasnoyarsk) requirements and functionality which allow to automate this process.This article presents the main aspects of the design and software solutions for the implementation of the algorithm in the form of AIS, designed to automate the process of monitoring the cleanliness of streets in the city. The development of AIS was conducted in the PhpStorm integrated development environment in the PHP programming language.
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Valero, Natalia, Mercè de Simón, Pau Gallés, et al. "Street Cleaning Trucks as Potential Sources of Legionella pneumophila." Emerging Infectious Diseases 23, no. 11 (2017): 1880–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2311.161390.
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Calvillo, Steven J., E. Spencer Williams, and Bryan W. Brooks. "Assessing the Improvement of Stormwater Quality Through Street Cleaning." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2014, no. 8 (2014): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864714815941595.
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Dunn, John. "Street children and volatile substance misuse." Psychiatric Bulletin 18, no. 8 (1994): 495–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.18.8.495.
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Living in London one gets used to seeing teenagers living rough on the streets, sleeping in shop doorways, and begging for money. Similarly in São Paulo and other large cities in Brazil homeless and destitute children are a common sight, but there are several striking differences. First, in Brazil there are many more of them, they are noticeably younger and they are often seen doing some form of job or ‘bicos' to earn money, such as cleaning shoes or car windows, ‘guarding’ cars, and selling small items, e.g. sweets, fruits and flowers. Another important difference is the danger to which these children are exposed. There have been frequent reports, some of which have reached the international media, of street children being massacred by vigilantes (some of whom have links with the police).
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Sumardiyono, Sherina Chafiidhiya Rochmah, and Seviana Rinawati. "Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Pekerja Penyapu Jalan Di Kota Surakarta." Journal of Applied Agriculture, Health, and Technology 2, no. 1 (2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jaht.v2i1.594.
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Street sweepers are workers under the Surakarta Environment Agency who focus on cleaning matters in the city area. The main task of a street sweeper is to clean up trash around the sidewalks, slow lanes, and along the main streets in the morning and evening. This can cause workers to easily feel tired. This research is quantitative research using analytic methods with a cross-sectional study design. The research population consisted of 220 street sweepers with a sample of 140 respondents. Sampling using a Simple random sampling technique. Data analysis techniques used the Somers'd test for bivariate tests and Ordinal Logistic Regression tests for multivariate tests. Somers'd correlation results showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables age (p= 0.000), work period (p= 0.000), sleep quality (p= 0.000), and workload (p= 0.000) on fatigue. Meanwhile, breakfast habits (p = 0.097) did not have a significant relationship with fatigue. The results of the Ordinal Logistic Regression test showed that the variable most related to fatigue is workload (OR = 25.305).
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Bunahri, Rifqi Raza. "Analisis Perbandingan Ekonomis Penggunaan Penerangan Jalan Umum Solar Cell dengan Penerangan Jalan Umum Konvensional di Bandar Udara Djalaluddin Gorontalo." SKY EAST: Education of Aviation Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (2023): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.61510/east.v1i1.10.
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This study aims to conduct an economic comparison analysis between the use of solar cell street lighting and conventional street lighting at Djalaluddin Airport in Gorontalo. The research method employed is quantitative, with data collection through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the utilization of solar cell street lighting at UPBU Djalaluddin Airport is relatively ineffective from an economic standpoint. The operational costs for battery replacement in solar cell street lighting are comparatively higher than using PLN electricity in conventional street lighting. Furthermore, the initial investment cost for solar cell street lighting is significantly more expensive than conventional street lighting. The total costs of solar cell street lighting over a 10-year period are also higher compared to conventional street lighting. However, the operational costs for solar cell street lighting are simpler, limited to the expenses for cleaning the solar panels, while the operational costs for conventional street lighting depend on the government-regulated Basic Electricity Tariff (TDL).
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Mukorera, Obey, Florence Mashamba, Bongani Seremani, and Rudadiso Nyandoro. "Emergence of a New Community: Incidences, and Experiences of Children Living in the Streets of Harare-Zimbabwe." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. VI (2023): 962–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7677.
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The occurrence of children living on the streets is assuming alarming proportions in Zimbabwe. The phenomenon is notably becoming a vicious cycle, children born and raised on the streets, eventually raise their own kids in the streets. The hallmark of this paper is to investigate issues surrounding children living on the streets, to examine their life experience and the challenges they face. This paper used qualitative research anchored on a phenomenological research paradigm. A phenomenological research strategy was used due to its usefulness in studying experiences from the point of view of people directly involved in the phenomenon. The population of the study was made up of street children aged between 12 and 19 living in the Harare CBD and down town area. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to come up with a sample of 20 street children who took part in individual semi-structured interviews. The research data was analysed using thematic analysis. The research findings indicated that street children are faced with a lot of challenges and negative experiences, including lack of access to food cleaning facilities, healthcare, risks associated with physical and sexual violence, as well as drug and substance abuse. These were found to be very detrimental to the physical and mental health of these children and in turn their prospects of growing up into healthy, responsible and economically active adults. The study thus recommended that, the welfare of this group of people is a policy issue and a multi-sectoral approach is needed to ameliorate all the challenges faced by this group of people.
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Ablitt, Jonathan, and Robin James Smith. "Working out Douglas’s aphorism: Discarded objects, categorisation practices, and moral inquiries." Sociological Review 67, no. 4 (2019): 866–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026119854271.
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This article aims to reconsider Mary Douglas’s well-known aphorism – that, ‘where there is dirt there is system’ – through the work of street-cleaning in and the handling of detritus in the Upper Town district of Gibraltar. In ‘working out’ the aphorism, we adopt an ethnomethodological approach and focus upon the description of situated categorisation practices in the treatment of waste and dirt. The article is thus concerned with the methods in and through which objects are handled in the everyday work of street-cleaning. We describe these practices across three sections concerned with: the seeing of waste as a situated accomplishment; the practical distinction between objects to be removed and those to be left in situ; and the seeing of categories through discarded objects. In this way, rather than explaining the practices of street-cleaners via recourse to a notion of ‘system’, we recover the ways in which objects come to be treated, in a situated sense, as a potential ‘inference-rich’ resource for moral reasoning relating to residual categories and predicates of people and places.
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Amato, Fulvio, Xavier Querol, Andrés Alastuey, et al. "Evaluating urban PM10 pollution benefit induced by street cleaning activities." Atmospheric Environment 43, no. 29 (2009): 4472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.037.
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Nurheri, Dido, Paus Iskarni, and Hendry Frananda. "PARTISIPASI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA SOLOK ( Studi kasus di Beberapa Ruas Jalan Utama Kota Solok )." JURNAL BUANA 2, no. 5 (2018): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/student.v2i5.244.
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ABSTRAK
 
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi pedagang kaki lima dan upaya pemerintah dalam mengoptimalkan partisipasi pedagang kaki lima dalam pengelolaan kebersihan lingkungan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan Skripsi adalah metode diskriptif Kualitatif, akan tetapi tidak kualitatif murni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada empat bentuk partipasi pedagang kaki lima beserta tingkat partisipasinya yaitu penanganan sampah kategori tinggi, penanganan air limbah kategori rendah, membersihkan lingkungan kategori tinggi, dan untuk pembayaran uang retribusi kebersihan tergolong rendah. Upaya mengoptimalkan partisipasi pedagang kaki lima antara lain penambahan fasilitas penunjang, pengawasan berkala, mendata pedagang, pemungutan uang retribusi kebersihan kepada seluruh pedagang, dan mengadakan sosialisai program kebersihan.
 
 Kata kunci : Partisipasi, Pedagang Kaki Lima, Pengelolaan
 
 ABSTRACT
 
 This study aims to determine the form and level of participation of street vendors and government efforts to optimize the participation of street vendors in environmental hygiene management. The research method used in thesis writing is a qualitative descriptive method, but it is not purely qualitative. The results showed that there were four forms of street vendor participation along with the level of participation, namely high waste magement, low waste management , cleaning high environments, and low paying retribution fees. Efforts to optimize the participation of street vendors include the addition of supporting facilities, periodic supervision, data collection of traders, collection of cleaning retribution money to all traders, and holding a socialization of cleaning programs. Keywords: Participation, Stereet vendors, Management 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1Artikel ini ditulis dari skripsi penulis dengan judul Partisipasi Pedagang Kaki Lima Dalam Pengelolaan Kebersihan Lingkungan di Kota Solok. Untuk wisuda September 2018 dengan 2Pembimbing I Dr. Paus Iskarni, M.Pd dan Pembimbing II Hendry Frananda, S.Pi, M.Sc.
 
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Leidig, Franziska, Nina Quabeck, Ute Henniges, and Irene Brückle. "Do’s and Don’ts." Rundbrief Fotografie 29, no. 2 (2022): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rbf-2022-2005.
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Abstract Newly produced face-mounted photographic prints feature perfectly clear, smooth acrylic surfaces. Cleaning these integral but vulnerable surfaces poses a high risk of mechanical damage, which increases with every repetition. We tested the mechanical impact of dry-cleaning to optimize the cleaning process of face-mounted artworks at the Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen in Düsseldorf. We used four different microfibre cloths on one acrylic common in the production of face-mounted photographs. One additional option consisted of an antistatic silicone roller used for preliminary cleaning on one half of the plates. The plates were contaminated with street particulate soiling and fingerprint stains. All glasses were cleaned in either circular or straight wiping motions. The plates were photographed in dark field to document any side effects of cleaning involving scratches, smudges, and the static charge of the acrylic after cleaning. The microfibre cloth SM 711 in combination with the silicone roller performed best in the test. However, the same cloth, pre-used and washed, significantly increased scratch formation. These findings provide effective and safe recommendations for risk-minimized future cleaning procedures for face-mounted photographs.
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Jeong, Byung Yong. "Occupational deaths and injuries by the types of street cleaning process." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 23, no. 1 (2016): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2016.1199500.
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Gronba-Chyła, Anna. "Experimental Investigation on the Properties of Street and Sidewalk Cleaning Waste." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 16, no. 4 (2023): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0058.
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Abstract One of the municipal waste streams is street cleaning waste, classified under code 20 03 03. They are not considered hazardous waste. Due to the lack of other management technology, they are sent to landfills. This waste, among other things, by its high chloride content especially after winter, can contribute to changes in the salinity of surface and groundwater and soil salinization, which consequently contributes to changes in the local environment and entire ecosystems. As it is deposited entirely in landfills, it also contributes to the salinity of leachate generated here. The Regulation of the Minister of Economy of July 16, 2015, on allowing waste to be deposited in landfills, the total organic carbon in waste deposited in non-hazardous and inert waste landfills must not exceed 5% of dry weight. The purpose of this article is to present a study of the quality of the waste on parameters like water content, organic and mineral fraction in the dry weight of the waste, and fractional separation. The water content of the waste ranged from 12–27%, while the mineral fraction in the dry weight was 91–94%. The smallest fraction below 0.05 mm accounted for 0d 1.8 to 4.5%.
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Calabrò, P. S. "Impact of mechanical street cleaning and rainfall events on the quantity and heavy metals load of street sediments." Environmental Technology 31, no. 11 (2010): 1255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593331003671255.
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Huang, Ming-Hua, Yu Huang, Jun-Ji Cao, and Wen-Quan Tao. "Study on mitigation of automobile exhaust pollution in an urban street canyon: Emission reduction and air cleaning street lamps." Building and Environment 193 (April 2021): 107651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107651.
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Weiss, Sean. "The “Dravert Affair”: Paperwork and the Administration of Negligent Street Maintenance in Modern Paris." Journal of Urban History 46, no. 2 (2019): 289–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144219876609.
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This essay examines the role of paperwork in an official investigation into a claim made by Madame Suzanne Dravert for an indemnity from Paris’s municipal government, after she sustained an injury from stepping in a pothole in 1903. The city then engaged municipal engineers, charged with managing the cleaning, lighting, paving, and general upkeep of the city’s streets, to advise on the validity of indemnities related to negligent street maintenance. Although such claims reflected personal liability’s new bearing on the city, the administration of the claims was contested. They placed financial burdens on the municipal government, which therefore resisted granting them. Moreover, the engineers’ role raised questions concerning their capacity to provide unbiased counsel, since the claims sought compensation for the same agency’s alleged negligence. By showing how the paperwork of this case established a defense for the city, this essay demonstrates how it diffused the administration’s purported negligence and mediated urban experience.
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Riyadi, Dony, and Yusuf Kusuma Bangun. "THREE BUCKETS SYSTEM FOR FOOD STREET INDUSTRY. CASE STUDY IN BANDUNG AND PALEMBANG." Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism 5, no. 2 (2019): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jbhost.v5i2.133.
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Food Street has become an Industry in Indonesia with growth Manificiently year by year, Many Business Cities such as Bandung- Capital City of West Java and Palembang- Capital City of South Sumatera, Food street industry in Indonesia is very rapidly development, All major cities in Indonesia have main area for food street vendors, and has become part of Lifestyle, Cleanliness is a Important issue that Domestic and Foreign Tourists are very detail mentioned on this matter, Food Hygiene, This research emphasizes the Solution of Cleaning Equipment and Cooking Hygiene Problems, Three Buckets System is adopted from cleanliness procedure on cruise ship, with the Wash - Rinse and Sanitize System then the Hygiene Guarantee will be more effective.Based on 6 (six) Principles of Food Hygiene,one of mentioned is Hygiene of Cookware and Dinner wares,Use of the Three Buckets System at a Street Vendor using the Portable (Three Bucket System) Tool to make it easier for Street Merchants to use the tool at a cost that is not large.Of the 250 Respondents interviewed 90% stated that cleanliness is very important in considering buying decisions in the street vendors.Some obstacles faced by Food Street Vendors in maintaining cleanliness are the availability of clean running water, Places and costs incurred in making washing Equipment, with Three Buckets System is expected to be a solution in maintaining cleanliness so that customer health can be maintained with cleanliness of Cooking Equipment and Utensils till Dinner Wares.
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Zhao, Hongtao, Chengqing Yin, Meixue Chen, and Weidong Wang. "Runoff pollution impacts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dusts from a stream network town." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 11 (2008): 2069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.814.
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Runoff with contaminated street dusts has an environmental risk to the aquatic environment. An assessment of the diffuse pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a small town and their risks to the township stream network was conducted at Yangtze River delta. This assessment is based on measurements of 16 PAHs from the US EPA priority list by GC-MS in stream water during rainy and dry season, street dusts with different particle sizes, river sediments and suspended solids of urban runoff. The maximum level of PAHs in the stream water (2,323–4,948 ng L−1) were found during rainy season, while significantly lower PAHs concentrations (242–998 ng L−1) were measured during dry season. The total PAHs ranged from 1,629 to 8,986 μg kg−1 in the street dusts. Approximately 55% of the total PAHs were associated with street dust particles of diameters less than 250 μm and these accounted for 40% of the total. The town reaches sediments were rich in PAHs and it was suggested as the sink of street dusts. The research findings suggested that size of street dusts, the topographical and hydrological features of the landscape in the stream network were the important factors influencing PAH emitted to the receiving water. The contribution of urban surface runoff could significantly influence PAHs concentration in the stream water. To reduce the pollution of street dust into the stream network, the buffer zone along the hydrological pathway is suggested and the existing street cleaning methods should also be improved.
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Linda, Jakub, Jiří Pospíšil, and Klaudia Köbölová. "Identification of Wind-Induced Particle Resuspension in Urban Environment Using CFD Modelling." Atmosphere 14, no. 1 (2022): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010057.
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Air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM) is a current problem in many cities. With the introduction of strict emission limits and electric cars, lower particle production is expected in the future. However, there are sources of particles that cannot be easily influenced. These include resuspension, where particles deposited on surfaces re-enter the air, causing pollution multiple times. Resuspension can account for up to 18% of the total emissions in some cases. The present paper focuses on the use of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to describe the flow in a street canyon where resuspension by wind occurs. Based on the calculated flow, a resuspension model is applied to see where resuspension occurs and how far the particles can travel. The shear stresses on the surfaces and the character of the flow field in the boundary layer are evaluated. Different building configurations and flow parameters are tested using a simple 2D model. The model makes it possible to see in which parts of the street canyon resuspension can occur. It shows that the particles leave the street canyon only from the surfaces where the conditions are suitable for resuspension. These particles then enter the mainstream. However, most of the particles stay in the canyon, which can cause resuspension to pollute the air repeatedly. This effect can have a severe impact on human health. The total dispersion of particles in the urban environment is evaluated. The results may be useful for cities that clean the streets, as it is clear which areas will benefit most from the cleaning.
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Nurany, Fierda. "THE POLICY INSTRUMENTS OF STREET VENDOR RELOCATION IN SURABAYA BULAK FISH CENTER." dia 19, no. 1 (2021): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v19i1.4800.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the policy instruments used by the Surabaya City Government to move street vendors to Bulak Fish Center. The background is because not all street vendors are ready to occupy the Bulak Fish Center. This study uses Howleet and Ramesh's theory to categorize policy instruments into three groups: Voluntary, Combined, and Compulsory Instruments. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with in-depth interviews. The research results reveal that the Surabaya City Government uses only five types of policy instruments. First, families and communities provide information to the community about the relocation of street vendors to Bulak Fish Center. Second, policies provide space to interact with street vendors, community leaders, and religious groups. Third, the policy of providing information and advice to all Surabaya local governments to keep Bulak Fish Center alive for a month. Fourth, the policy prohibiting selling in the old location. Fifth, the policy is to provide cleaning staff and transport vehicles directly to roadside vendors. However, 50 percent of the street vendors are still willing to occupy the Bulak Fish Center. Thus, the policy tools used by the Surabaya City Government have not been optimal, so that it has become a factor in the failure of roadside trade relocation operations.
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VATUZOV, Denis N., and Svetlana M. PURING. "METHOD OF SELECTION AND CALCULATION DEVICES AIR CLEANING FROM CONDENSED AEROSOLS." Urban construction and architecture 6, no. 2 (2016): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2016.02.3.
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This article defines the options to improve the efficiency of local exhaust ventilation systems by incorporating into the circuit from the air cleaning devices droplet aerosol. Schemes connecting cleaning apparatus in ventilation management system are worked out. In the first embodiment, the placement aerozoleulovitelya purified ventilation air is discharged directly to the atmosphere, in the second embodiment, the cleaned air is used in the recovery system, which is removed after the street. The feasibility of using the heat exchanger in the scheme is justified by comparing the technical and economic options and the need to improve energy efficiency. The method of selection and calculation of air cleaning devices from droplet sprays, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the design parameters of the system, to evaluate the amount of captured material, and choose the most appropriate in each case unit, focusing on the desired performance of the ventilation system, the necessary degree of purification and the area for mounting the device.
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Azizah, Nisrina, and Akhmad Faozan. "Sharia Economics on the Market Relocation Policy of Street Vendors in Purbalingga Food Center: Socio-Economic Conditions as the Consideration." Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan 11, no. 3 (2023): 1087–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v11i3.2232.
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This research investigates the impact of market relocation on the socio-economic conditions of street vendors at the Purbalingga Food Center (PFC). The relocation policy aimed to discipline street vendors, create a more representative culinary area, and address urban issues by establishing a new crowd center in the Purbalingga district. The study employs descriptive qualitative research methods, incorporating interviews, observation, and documentation for data collection. The findings reveal several outcomes: sustained positive interaction among traders, increased comfort due to improved facilities, enhanced security, decreased income for street vendors resulting from a lack of buyers, and the emergence of new business opportunities such as parking attendants and cleaning staff. Despite the income decline, the relocation brought overall benefits, aligning with Sharia economic principles. The study concludes that the government's relocation policy, while introducing challenges, ultimately generated advantages for both traders and policymakers. The results highlight the multifaceted impact of such policies, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and alignment with existing issues to maximize benefits for all stakeholders.
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Postolachi, Cristina, Alexandru Cocean, Silvia Garofalide, et al. "Urban Exotic Pollution: The Harmful Environmental Footprint for Health and Historical Architecture." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 6 (2023): 4715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064715.
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The study in this paper was carried out as a result of the observation of pollution phenomena and foaming effects associated with anthropogenic activities, including street cleaning activity. The processes of dust binding used in order to reduce PM10 and PM 2.5 pollution has been proven to be inefficient, and even contributing to pollution with particulate matter. Our results suggest that the use of dust binders must be integrated in a technique that includes methods of removing agglomerated particle structures resulting from the process of coagulation or flocculation. These are the conclusions of the investigations carried out by spectroscopic methods (FTIR, SEM-EDX) on samples collected from the streets of Iasi on 10 March 2021, and on samples collected from the surface of the Precinct Wall of the historical monument Golia—Iasi Monastery Ensemble (Romania). On the later samples, coloristic analysis was also performed. The alert for investigation was given by the foaming waters that were leaking on the streets. The phenomenon was observed after the streets had been washed by specialized vehicles. Analyses revealed compounds used as dust binders and coagulant type (aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate and their derivatives, plus anti-skid chemicals such as calcium chlorine and magnesium chlorine), as well as organic compounds included in aggregate type structures, and they showed contamination of the Golia Precinct Wall. The results show that the dust binders or coagulants used as such, or embedded in various products intended for the cleaning process of streets or other outdoor public places, must be subject to regulation. Otherwise, there is a risk of adding more pollutants during an operation with the opposite purpose. The migration of these pollutants on the studied building offers an image on how both our health and all constructions and equipment exposed in the open air are affected.
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Sabbithi, Alekhya, R. Naveen Kumar, L. Kashinath, V. Bhaskar, and V. Sudershan Rao. "Microbiological Quality of Salads Served along with Street Foods of Hyderabad, India." International Journal of Microbiology 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/932191.
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A study has been done to analyse the microbiological quality of salads served along with street foods of Hyderabad. A total of 163 salad samples, 53 of carrot and 110 of onion samples, were collected from four different zones of Hyderabad. About 74% and 56% hadStaphylococcus aureusin carrots and onions, respectively. Fifty-eight percent of carrots and forty-five percent of onions samples containedSalmonella, 68% of carrots and 24% of onions hadYersinia. HACCP study was carried out with 6 street food vendors to identify the source ofSalmonellacontamination in salads. Food handlers were found to be responsible forSalmonellacontamination in salads. The present study revealed the potential hazards of street vended salad vegetables, considering the handling practice usually carried out by vendors. Ninety-eight percent of the vendors did not wash the vegetables before processing and serving while about 56.6% of the vendors did not peel the vegetables. Majority of street vendors’ nails were uncut. A significant difference (P<0.01) was observed inYersiniaspp. andSalmonellaspp. in wet-dirty chopping board when compared to clean-dry chopping board. A significant difference (P<0.05) ofStaphylococcusspp. was observed when the status of cleaning cloth was neat/untidy.
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Bauer, S., A. Dell, J. Behnisch, et al. "Water-reuse concepts for industrial parks in water-stressed regions in South East Asia." Water Supply 20, no. 1 (2019): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.162.
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Abstract With regard to the water shortage in several regions of South East Asia, the paper focuses on the development of a sustainable Industrial WasteWater Management Concept with the focus on Reuse (brand name: IW2MC → R) to reduce water consumption from natural resources. The IW2MC → R includes the sustainable treatment of wastewater in industrial parks (IP) to provide reuse water for different purposes. The main objective is to reach the highest possible Industrial Park Reuse Factor (IPRF). The IPRF describes the relation between wastewater inflow to the central wastewater treatment plant and the outflow of reuse water for different applications. The Infrastructure Reuse Factor (IRF), one component of the IPRF, relates to infrastructural reuse applications (e.g. irrigation, street cleaning, toilet flushing). To determine the IRF, a model industrial park is applied. A first calculation resulting in an IRF of ∼25% includes reuse applications for irrigating green spaces, street cleaning, and toilet flushing. In cases when other applications for reuse water are considered (e.g. cooling or firefighting water), the IRF can be higher than 25%. Thus, the IW2MC → R provides a sustainable solution strategy, especially for water-stressed regions, to drive new IP developments by reducing water extraction from natural resources.
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Panda, S., A. Chatterjee, S. Bhattacharjee, M. K. Saha, and S. K. Bhattacharya. "HIV, hepatitis B and sexual practices in the street-recruited injecting drug users of Calcutta: risk perception versus observed risks." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 4 (1998): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981922061.
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Injecting drug users (IDUs) were recruited from the streets of Calcutta to obtain a baseline biological and behavioural data on risk practices. One-fifth of them (mostly using buprenorphine) tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); 4% were reactive to serologic test for syphilis (VDRL: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory). Condom use was insignificant while 74% reported sex with female sex workers and 15% of male IDUs also reported having sex with men. Although, sharing of injecting equipment ('works') was perceived as dangerous by the IDUs, majority of them (90/103) reportedly shared it; cleaning of works before sharing was a concern for intravenous but not for intramuscular drug injecting. Half of the IDUs reported suffering ever from abscess; a proportion (12%) of which had had superadded attack of maggots in it. They were also found to be infected with HIV (1%, 95% CI 0.028-5.97%) at a low prevalence that prompted subsequent launching of needle syringe exchange programme, establishment of cleaning norms before sharing of works, cleaning of injecting site on the body and condom promotion.
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Priyanka, V. Patil, and R. K. Kamble. "Occupational health hazards in street sweepers of Chandrapur city, central India." International Journal of Environment 6, no. 2 (2017): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v6i2.17358.
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Street sweepers play an important role in maintaining health and hygiene in cities. They are exposed to road dust and other contaminants while cleaning streets. Exposure of this dust and contaminants irritates respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction. Twenty workers were selected as sample size (10 male and 10 female) and 10 individual as control (5 male and 5 female) for analysis of occupational health hazards in street sweepers of Chandrapur city. The study was carried out from November 2015 to January 2016. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate analysis which was carried out through Breath-o meter and other occupational health hazards through interview schedule specially designed and developed for this study. The results of the study showed that, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values were lower in exposed workers (sample population) as compared with control group. These workers were exposed to number of environmental and occupational hazards leading to musculoskeletal disorders (100%), respiratory problems (95%), dermatological problems (90%), headache (75%) and gastrointestinal problems (15%) during work. It was further observed that theses workers were suffering from allergies (100%), cough and cold (75%), asthma and bronchitis lungs (65%), hearing disorder (50%), malaria and typhoid (25%), fever (15%) and vomiting (10%) after completion of work. To reduce occupational health hazards in sweepers, they must be made alert and aware of potential health risk arising from their work. Reduction in exposure and use of personal protective equipments should be encouraged.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-6, Issue-2, Mar-May 2017, Page: 9-18
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Parente, Mario, and Kenneth E. Stevens. "Evaluation of a Combined Sewer Overflow Tank Cleaning System in the City of Sarnia." Water Quality Research Journal 32, no. 1 (1997): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1997.014.
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Abstract The International Joint Commission has identified the St. Clair River in Sarnia as an area of concern requiring a remedial action plan in order to restore and protect the water quality. To attain this objective, the City of Sarnia has completed a Pollution Control Plan in March 1993 to develop the approach in resolving the pollution problems along the City of Sarnia waterfront and the St. Clair River. The Pollution Control Plan identified the following three areas for improvement: (1) upgrade the water pollution control plant to provide secondary treatment for three times the average dry weather flow; (2) install four tanks to intercept combined sewer overflows; and (3) intercept storm runoff discharges along the waterfront and provide their treatment through sedimentation and/or flow through a wetland. The City of Sarnia is presently installing the first of the CSO control tanks at Devine Street. During the operation of combined sewage or stormwater detention facilities, settling of solids will occur along the invert of the facility. These sediments have to be removed after every storage event to minimize future problems such as caking and/or odour. This paper presents the evaluation and selection process carried out in developing a cost effective cleaning system for the Devine Street detention tank.
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Ricardo P, Arciniega-Rocha, Erazo-Chamorro Vanessa C, Phimmavong Phetsalath, and Gyula Szabo. "Revolutionizing cleaning: The future of broomstick and dustpan design." Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences 9, no. 2 (2023): 073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-488x.000072.
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In the context of increasing environmental awareness, the demand for sustainable products is on the rise. This research addresses the growing demand for sustainability by redesigning brooms and dustpans with eco-friendly materials, reducing waste and environmental impact. It emphasizes the goals of enhancing user experience, efficiency, durability, accessibility, and sustainability. A case study investigates the physical challenges faced by street sweepers and underscores the importance of anthropometric considerations in design. The resulting ergonomic redesign significantly reduces workload and musculoskeletal complaints, improving comfort and efficiency. The redesign introduces adjustable handles, lightweight materials, and a 3-in-1 brush system with eco-friendly components. The dustpan features an improved handle, an angled design for efficient debris collection, and a built-in cleaning comb. Both tools are constructed from lightweight yet durable materials and offer a foldable design for user convenience, emphasizing sustainability through eco-friendly materials. In conclusion, this holistic approach enhances the cleaning experience, promoting efficiency, user-friendliness, and environmental responsibility.
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Fedotov, A. V. "Actual problems of organization of separate collection and recycling of solid waste in the Moscow region." Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki 35, no. 4 (2018): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2078-4023-2018--4-114-120.
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The article deals with problems of separate collection and recycling of solid waste in the Moscow region. Analyses the results of the survey conducted among area residents on issues under study. Compares the Organization of street cleaning, collecting, transporting and recycling of domestic waste in Moscow region. Examines the activities of the individual companies involved in the collection and recycling of household waste. Makes recommendations for improving the organization of separate collection and disposal of solid waste.
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Mamun, Sumaiya, Sabiha Alam, Mohammad Abduz Zaher, and AK Obidul Huq. "Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of Street Food Vendors and Consumers in Dhaka City." Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 2 (2020): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v37i2.51210.
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Food safety knowledge, attitudes, and street food suppliers and consumer behaviors of the capital city Dhaka were investigated. A cross-sectional study was conducted using questionnaires based on previous studies. Three main areas addressed in the surveys and statistical analysis are; 1) statistical data including gender, age, education, income, food safety training, and specific elements related to the work experience of suppliers, 2) knowledge of food safety such as the awareness of consumers and suppliers concerning pathogenic microbes that cause food poisoning, food and personal hygiene, proper cleaning procedures and high-risk groups, and 3) list of food handling attitude and behavior of subjects. Results showed food safety knowledge of street vendors in the High-tech Industries Development Zone was the lowest, where education levels are generally relatively low. Food safety attitudes of the youngest consumers were significantly better than those of older age groups. Street vendors were relatively poor in carrying out safe food handling, with only 27.6% using or being fully equipped with hand-washing facilities, although more than 50% of vendors were not wearing clean and tidy clothes and masks. Steps should be taken to improve street food stall operating conditions and facilities, including access of potable water, providing clean protected structures, and efficient waste collection and disposal systems that can promote the plans and strategies to improve street food safety of Dhaka city and Bangladesh as a whole.
 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 37 Number 2 December 2020, pp 48-51
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Benito, Bernardino, María-Dolores Guillamón, and Francisco Bastida. "Public versus Private in Municipal Services Management." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 13, no. 4 (2015): 995–1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/13.3.995-1018(2015).
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Recent years have seen Spain and many other developed countries move more and more into outsourcing public service management on the grounds that production costs are higher in the public sector than in the private. However, there is often no empirical support that this is always the case. This paper shows that the private sector is not always more economical or better managed than the public one and, to the best of our knowledge, such a study had never been made in Spain. It draws on a survey by the Spanish Court of Auditors for a sample of municipalities, which analyzes public services like drinking water supply, street lighting, street cleaning and urban solid waste collection. Only in the case of lighting is private management cheaper and more efficient, although in larger municipal populations the opposite is true.
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de Luca, S. J., L. B. Milano, and C. N. Ide. "Rain and Urban Stormwater Quality." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 1-3 (1991): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0409.
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Aspects of the quality of rain and urban stormwater in the Metropolitan Area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, are presented. The results obtained in the survey show a significant occurrence of chemical and acid rain in the area. The data on urban drainage quality show that, besides contamined rain, other sources of pollution such as poor garbage collection, car exhaust, crankcase leakage, and badly done street cleaning, contribute to increase the pollution of the receiving body of water, the Guaiba river.
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Samson, Melanie. "Privatizing Collective Public Goods: a Case Study of Street Cleaning in Johannesburg, South Africa." Studies in Political Economy 79, no. 1 (2007): 119–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19187033.2007.11675094.
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Benito-López, Bernardino, María del Rocio Moreno-Enguix, and José Solana-Ibañez. "Determinants of efficiency in the provision of municipal street-cleaning and refuse collection services." Waste Management 31, no. 6 (2011): 1099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.01.019.
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Barua, Priyanka, Krishna Sukonya Banik, Sharmila Saha, and Sharmin Musa. "Parasitic Contamination of Street Food Samples From School-Based Food Vendors of Dhaka City, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 51, no. 2 (2023): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70781.
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Street food is an old notion that arose from the need of quick access of light food to satisfy hunger. With the mention of street food in Bangladesh, a picture is visualized which includes open stalls with uncovered food, unawareness of vendors about hygienic practices, lack of safe source of water for cleaning and preparing food, increasing pollution in surrounding environment leading to infestation with various parasites and causing diarrhoeal diseases in people. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of parasites in school-based street foods in Dhaka city. A total of 200 food samples were examined containing three representative types of street foods: tamarind water of snacks (79 samples), sliced fruits (71 samples) and fruit juices (50 samples) using Formal-ether concentration technique. Among them, 164 (82%) samples were contaminated with Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Cystoisospora belli, Diphyllobothrium latum, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura and Ancylostoma duodenale. C. belli was the most prevalent (38%), followed by A. lumbricoides (33%) and B. hominis (33%). While comparing the parasite prevalence in three types of street foods, the highest prevalence was observed for C. belli (21.5% in tamarind water of snacks, 6.5% in sliced fruits and 10% in fruit juices) followed by A. lumbricoides, B. hominis and D. latum. There were significant associations (p<0.05) among the different food types with B. hominis, C. belli, D. latum and A. lumbricoides positive samples. The study implicates that parasitic contamination of school-based street foods is alarming and it is urgent to take necessary steps to ensure the food safety. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 217-229, 2023
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Zhang, Yezi, Francesca Zenucchini, Chiara Ricci, Paola Croveri, and Dominique Scalarone. "Analytical Evaluation of Laser Cleaning Effectiveness in the Context of Contemporary Muralism." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (2024): 4799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114799.
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Contemporary murals and street art play a critical role in urban culture, serving as platforms for social activism and reflecting the vibrancy of city life. This study within the SuperStaAr project framework examines the challenge of graffiti removal while safeguarding the original synthetic paint layers. Through a detailed investigation using Q-Switch and Long Q-Switch lasers (Nd:YAG), we evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laser cleaning techniques on both unaged and artificially aged mural mock-ups. The initial findings highlight the Q-Switch and Long Q-Switch lasers as promising for removing graffiti without compromising the paint integrity. Our assessment criteria—encompassing residue presence, surface roughness, color changes, cleaning effectiveness, and pigment pickup—were validated through empirical evaluation and supported by colorimetric, micro–ATR–FTIR, and Py–GC/MS analyses. Notably, the incorporation of a passive sampling system for Py–GC/MS analysis facilitates a deeper understanding of the ablated materials without direct sampling from the artwork. This research contributes a foundational framework for the evaluation of laser cleaning in mural conservation, emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies to enhance the sustainability of urban art conservation efforts.