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Journal articles on the topic 'Streets, United States: Pennsylvania: Philadelphia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

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1

Thomas, Connie. ""If they send him off, I think I shall not long be safe myself": Contesting Early American Citizenship in the Longchamps Affair, 1784–1786." Journal of the Early Republic 43, no. 3 (September 2023): 399–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2023.a905095.

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Abstract: Through the little known Longchamps Affair, this article explores the interaction between state and national, and popular and legal, conceptions of American citizenship during the founding era. In 1784, French migrant Charles Julien de Longchamps attacked a French diplomat on the streets of Philadelphia, sparking a national debate on what it meant to be an American citizen. While the French government demanded his expatriation, in an unexpected turn of events, Longchamps alleged that he had been naturalised as a citizen of Pennsylvania the day before the attack, and consequently had the right to stand trial in the United States. The affair became a national referendum on the nature of American citizenship. Officials employed a state-centric, legal vision of membership inherited from the colonial period to argue that Longchamps was not an American citizen and advocate for his removal. These claims were disputed in newspaper coverage across the United States, which instead contended that Longchamps' commitment to revolutionary values proved his citizenship, invoking a broader national community. The public perceived Longchamps' fate as inherently tied to their own, demonstrating that a shared sense of belonging across the United States was equally as important as state membership in shaping how citizenship was understood in real terms. The Longchamps Affair provides a window into the ambiguous and contested nature of membership during the founding decades, both in determining what constituted American citizenship, and how the rights conferred by citizenship differed for native-born Americans and naturalized migrants.

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Johnson, Nicole J., Caterina G. Roman, Alyssa K. Mendlein, Courtney Harding, Melissa Francis, and Laura Hendrick. "Exploring the Influence of Drug Trafficking Gangs on Overdose Deaths in the Largest Narcotics Market in the Eastern United States." Social Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110202.

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Research has found that drug markets tend to cluster in space, potentially because of the profit that can be made when customers are drawn to areas with multiple suppliers. But few studies have examined how these clusters of drug markets—which have been termed “agglomeration economies”—may be related to accidental overdose deaths, and in particular, the spatial distribution of mortality from overdose. Focusing on a large neighborhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, known for its open-air drug markets, this study examines whether deaths from accidental drug overdose are clustered around street corners controlled by drug trafficking gangs. This study incorporates theoretically-informed social and physical environmental characteristics of street corner units into the models predicting overdose deaths. Given a number of environmental changes relevant to drug use locations was taking place in the focal neighborhood during the analysis period, the authors first employ a novel concentration metric—the Rare Event Concentration Coefficient—to assess clustering of overdose deaths annually between 2015 and 2019. The results of these models reveal that overdose deaths became less clustered over time and that the density was considerably lower after 2017. Hence, the predictive models in this study are focused on the two-year period between 2018 and 2019. Results from spatial econometric regression models find strong support for the association between corner drug markets and accidental overdose deaths. In addition, a number of sociostructural factors, such as concentrated disadvantage, and physical environmental factors, particularly blighted housing, are associated with a higher rate of overdose deaths. Implications from this study highlight the need for efforts that strategically coordinate law enforcement, social service provision and reductions in housing blight targeted to particular geographies.

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Carey, Matthew, Ida Nielsen Sølvhøj, Eve Monique Zucker, Younes Saramifar, and Louis Frankenthaler. "Book Reviews." Conflict and Society 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2017.030117.

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THE GRECANICI OF SOUTHERN ITALY: Governance, Violence, and Minority Politics By Stavroula Pipyrou. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016. 256 pp. Hardback. ISBN 978-0-8122-4830-2.FOUR DECADES ON: Vietnam, the United States, and the Legacies of the Second Indochina War Edited by Scott Laderman and Edwin A. Martini. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013. 334 pp. Paperback. ISBN 978-0-8223-5474-1.FROM THE LAND OF SHADOWS: War, Revolution, and the Making of the Cambodian Diaspora By Khatharya Um. New York: New York University Press, 2015. 272 pp. Hardback. ISBN 978-1-4798-0473-3.NATIONALISM, LANGUAGE, AND MUSLIM EXCEPTIONALISM By Tristan James Mabry. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015. 264 pp. Hardback. ISBN 978-0-8122-4691-9.CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS IN ISRAEL: Citizenship, Sacrifice, Trials of Fealty By Erica Weiss. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014. 216 pp. Hardback. ISBN 978-0-8122-4592-9.

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Wilson, John F. "The Kingdom and the Republic: Sovereign Hawaiʻi and the Early United States, Noelani Arista (2019)." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00119_5.

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Review of: The Kingdom and the Republic: Sovereign Hawaiʻi and the Early United States, Noelani Arista (2019) Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 312 pp., ISBN 978 0 81222 491 7 (hbk), US$45.00 Hawaiʻi: Eight Hundred Years of Political and Economic Change, Sumner La Croix (2019) Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 376 pp., ISBN 978 0 22659 209 1 (pbk), US$64.00

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Bondarenko, D. "Global Governance and Diasporas: the Case of African Migrants in the USA." World Economy and International Relations, no. 4 (2015): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-4-37-48.

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In 2013, the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences began a study of black communities in the USA. By now, the research was conducted in six states (Alabama, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York and Pennsylvania); in a number of towns as well as in the cities of Boston, Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia and Chicago. The study shows that diasporas as network communities have already formed among recent migrants from many African countries in the U.S. These are diasporas of immigrants from individual countries, not a single “African diaspora”. On one hand, diasporas as an important phenomenon of globalization should become objects of global governance by means of regulation at the transnational level of both migration streams and foreign-born communities norms of existence. On the other hand, diasporas can be agents of social and political global governance, of essentially transnational impact on particular societies and states sending and accepting migrants, as evidenced by the African diasporas in the USA. Most American Africans believe that diasporas must and can take an active part in the home countries’ public life. However, the majority of them concentrates on targeted assistance to certain people – their loved ones back home. The forms of this assistance are diverse, but the main of them is sending remittances. At the same time, the money received from migrants by specific people makes an impact on the whole society and state. For many African states these remittances form a significant part of national income. The migrants’ remittances allow the states to lower the level of social tension. Simultaneously, they have to be especially thorough while building relationships with the migrant accepting countries and with diasporas themselves. Africans constitute an absolute minority among recent migrants in the USA. Nevertheless, directly or indirectly, they exert a certain influence on the establishment of the social life principles and state politics (home and foreign), not only of native countries but also of the accepting one, the U.S. This props up the argument that elaboration of norms and setting the rules of global governance is a business of not only political actors, but of the globalizing civil society, its institutions and organizations either. The most recent example are public debates in the American establishment, including President Obama, on the problem of immigration policy and relationships with migrant sending states, provoked by the 2014 U.S.–Africa Leaders Summit. Remarkably, the African diasporas represented by their leaders actively joined the discussion and openly declared that the state pays insufficiently little attention to the migrants’ needs and insisted on taking their position into account while planning immigration reform. However, Africans are becoming less and less “invisible” in the American society not only in connection with loud, but infrequent specific events. Many educated Africans who have managed to achieve a decent social status and financial position for themselves, have a desire not just to promote the adaptation of migrants from Africa, but to make their collective voice heard in American society and the state at the local and national levels. Their efforts take different forms, but most often they result in establishing and running of various diaspora organizations. These associations become new cells of the American civil society, and in this capacity affect the society itself and the government institutions best they can. Thus, the evidence on Africans in the USA shows that diasporas are both objects (to date, mainly potential) and real subjects of global governance. They influence public life, home and foreign policy of the migrant sending African countries and of migrant accepting United States, make a modest but undeniable contribution to the global phenomena and processes management principles and mechanisms. Acknowledgements. The research was supported by the grants of the Russian Foundation for Humanities: no. 14-01-00070 “African Americans and Recent African Migrants in the USA: Cultural Mythology and Reality of Intercommunity Relations”, no. 13-01-18036 “The Relations between African-Americans and Recent African Migrants: Socio-Cultural Aspects of Intercommunity Perception”, and by the grant of the Russian Academy of Sciences as a part of its Fundamental Research Program for 2014. The author is sincerely grateful to Veronika V. Usacheva and Alexandr E. Zhukov who participated in collecting and processing of the evidence, to Martha Aleo, Ken Baskin, Allison Blakely, Igho Natufe, Bella and Kirk Sorbo, Harold Weaver whose assistance in organization and conduction of the research was inestimable, as well as to all the informants who were so kind as to spend their time for frank communication.

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Long, Sarah S. "Epidemiologic Study of Infant Botulism in Pennsylvania: Report of the Infant Botulism Study Group." Pediatrics 75, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 928–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.5.928.

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The majority of the almost 400 confirmed cases of infant botulism in the United States have occurred in California, Pennsylvania, and Utah. In Pennsyvania, 44 of 53 (83%) cases occurred within a geographic area of Southeastern Pennsylvania which represents one tenth of the Commonwealth's area and one third of the population at risk for infant botulism. In Southeastern Pennsylvania, a map of the residences of cases circumscribes a discrete ring around Philadelphia. A case-control study performed to seek host-related risk factors, identifies the significant associations of botulism with infants who are white, breast-fed, and born at term into two-parent families with hospitalization insurance. County control studies were performed to identify differences in host-related factors between areas of high and low prevalence of botulism. Although some "protection" could be afforded Philadelphia infants by their feeding and family characteristics, the differences in case rates between Philadelphia and the botulism "ring counties" cannot be explained entirely by host-related factors. Further, the absence of botulism in counties just outside of the botulism "ring," where infants were found to have identical potential risk factors, suggests that an uneven distribution of botulinal spores in the environment is the most significant determinant of case rate.

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7

Lonergan, Thomas Joseph. "Key to the 2012 Presidential Election: The Philadelphia Suburbs." Pitt Political Review 8, no. 2 (April 10, 2012): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ppr.2012.25.

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Mitt Romney or Barack Obama: this is the choice Pennsylvanian voters will have in November as the 2012 presidential election draws closer. The voters of Pennsylvania will be at the height of importance in the history of American presidential elections, playing a key role as one of the leading battleground states in this upcoming election. With twenty electoral votes, tied for the fifth most of any state in the country, both campaigns will look to focus a great amount of time and money on trying to win this crucial state. And at the center of this fierce battle between the current GOP presumptive nominee and the President of the United States are four counties that comprise the suburbs of Philadelphia. These counties will ultimately decide the fate of Pennsylvania’s electoral votes, and possibly even the election itself.

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Srinivasan, Raghavan, Bo Lan, Daniel Carter, Sarah Smith, Bhagwant Persaud, Kari Signor, and Taha Saleem. "Safety Evaluation of Pedestrian Countdown Signals: Definitive Results from Two Cities in the United States." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 626–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211063471.

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The pedestrian countdown signals (PCS) treatment involves the display of a numerical countdown that shows how many seconds are left in the flashing DON’T WALK interval. Although many studies have attempted to evaluate the safety of PCS, the results have been inconsistent for many reasons, including inadequate sample size and the inability to control for possible bias from regression to the mean and from exposure. This study performed a before-after empirical Bayes analysis using data from 115 treated intersections in Charlotte, North Carolina and 218 treated intersections in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to evaluate the safety effects of PCS. The evaluation also included 136 reference intersections in Charlotte, and 597 reference intersections in Philadelphia. Following the implementation of PCS, total crashes decreased by approximately 8% and rear-end crashes decreased by approximately 12%, and these reductions were statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Pedestrian crashes decreased by about 9% and this reduction was statistically significant at the 90% confidence level. Economic analysis revealed a benefit-cost ratio of 23 with a low of 13 and a high of 32.

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9

Lim, Jessica. "Community Engagement Instead of PILOTs." Undergraduate Journal of Service Learning & Community-Based Research 8 (November 21, 2019): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.56421/ujslcbr.v8i0.9.

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In the United States, the endowments of non-profit research universities are climbing into the 8-figures and the wealth disparity between research universities and their home cities are becoming increasingly evident. Some of these universities are calling to their community engagement initiatives, including service-learning programs, as substitutes for direct monetary contributions to their home cities. This research article seeks to investigate the extent to which the University of Pennsylvania devotes its institutional resources to support its service-learning program, Academically Based Community Service courses, which it highlights as one of its initiatives that supports its Philadelphia community. This case study ultimately finds gaps in the institutional support that the University of Pennsylvania provides. The article’s findings call into question the extent to which community engagement can substitute direct monetary assistance to Universities’ communities.

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10

Marzuki, M. Laica. "Konstitusi dan Konstitusionalisme." Jurnal Konstitusi 7, no. 4 (May 20, 2016): 001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31078/jk741.

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PENDAHULUANThe Constitution of The United States of America yang ditandatangani39 delegasi di kala tanggal 17 September 1787 di Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, tempat terselenggaranya Constitutional Convention, mendorong lahirnya constitutional states (negara – negara konstitusi) di beberapa kawasan dunia, termasuk negara – negara monarki, yang dikenal dengan penamaan: constitutional monarch.Dalam perkembangannya beberapa constitutional state menyadari bahwa konstitusi negara – negara dimaksud kurang memuat pengaturan hal pembatasan penguasa dan pengakuan hak – hak sipil rakyat banyak di dalamnya.Muncul gagasan agar dalam konstitusi diatur semacam constitutional government, yang pada hakikatnya mewujudkan hal pembatasan pemerintahan atau limited government, yang bertujuan to keep government in order. Hal dimaksud menggagas diadopsinya paham konstitusionalisme atau constitutionalism dalam perubahan konstitusi (constitution amandement) beberapa negara di abad XX dan XXI.

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11

Gretzel, Ulrike, Darko Prebežac, Marion Joppe, and Deborah Edwards. "TEFI 2011 World Congress “Activating Change in Tourism Education” May 18–21, 2011, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States." Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism 12, no. 1 (January 2012): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2012.650111.

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12

Van Ruymbeke, Bertrand. "Refugiés Or Émigrés? Early Modern French Migrations to British North America and the United States (c. 1680 – c. 1820)." Itinerario 30, no. 2 (July 2006): 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300013942.

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Historians have traditionally paid relatively little attention to the French migrations to America. Although in the early modern period France was a demographic giant, had a deep – yet not enough recognized – maritime tradition, had many colonies in the Americas from the Gulf of Saint-Lawrence to the Amazon, and suffered from a tumultuous political history comparatively few of its people migrated to British North America and the United States. France has therefore and to some extent understandably enjoyed minimal visibility in the American ethnic landscape. There is, however, a long tradition of French migrations to America, beginning with the Huguenots at the end of the seventeenth century. At times these influxes were important in terms of number and influence, indeed in 1690 and in 1790 French was spoken in the streets of Charleston and of Philadelphia.

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Scarles, Caroline, and Tatjana Thimm. "BEST Education Network Think Tank XI “Learning for Sustainable Tourism” May 21–24, 2011, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States." Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism 12, no. 1 (January 2012): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2012.650116.

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14

Begum, Thoin F., Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, et al. "Abstract A040: Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2023): A040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-a040.

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Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue in the United States, ranking as the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of CRC varies across the east coast of the United States due to multiple factors, including disparities in lifestyle, healthcare accessibility, and environmental exposures. Community-based participatory research plays a vital role in identifying effective interventions to enhance awareness of cancer risk and prevention in specific communities. Methods: This study focused on Asian Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics residing in the Greater Philadelphia (PA), New Jersey (NJ), and New York City (NYC) areas. The Synergistic Partnership for Enhancing Equity in Cancer Health (SPEECH) collaborated with community-based organizations' leaders and staff to streamline recruitment, workshop delivery, and survey data collection. The workshop curriculum covered essential CRC information, including facts, dietary habits, and screening guidelines. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were used to assess changes in CRC knowledge and screening intention. The distribution of participants was analyzed using Arc GIS. Results: [GXM1] The study population consisted of 212 Asian, 172 Hispanic/Latino, and 126 African American/Black participants. Geographical data was obtainable for 486 participants, primarily from New York (n=286, 58.8%), Pennsylvania (n=150, 30.9%), and New Jersey (n=49, 10.1%). These states form the Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York City (PNN) region, which is known for its high concentrations of neighborhoods experiencing persistent poverty, especially in areas densely populated by minorities. Distinct examples include neighborhoods within the Bronx borough of New York City and Philadelphia County in Pennsylvania. Alarmingly, in some counties within the PNN region, as many as 26% of the census tracts are categorized as persistently impoverished. This pattern of concentrated poverty is supported by several existing studies and research reports. Conclusions: The distribution of participants aligned with the study area of SPEECH and areas characterized by persistent poverty. These findings provide valuable insights to guide efforts in improving cancer health equity in the identified regions. Citation Format: Thoin F. Begum, Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, Nathaly Rubio-Torio, Tenya Blackwell, Carolyn Martin, Safa Ibrahim, Ming-Chin Yeh, Grace X. Ma. Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A040.

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Baker, Ryan T. "Building Militaries in Fragile States: Challenges for the United States by Mara E.Karlin. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017. 296 pp. $75.00." Political Science Quarterly 133, no. 4 (December 2018): 775–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polq.12839.

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Ray,, Marilyn A. "Emerging Innovations: Caring In Action." International Journal of Human Caring 3, no. 1 (February 1999): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.3.1.7.

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This paper on the future of caring in the challenging health care environment was the end-note address of the 20th anniversary of the International Association for Human Caring held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April, 1998. The focus of the future of caring is on social, transcultural, communal caring, which is a response to the economic corporatization of health care. The need now is for a universal health care system in the United States, to not only care for all citizens, but also to be an example for the rest of the world to heed the call of the Alma-Ata conference of 1978 to provide health care for all early in the new millennium.

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Nicks, Robin Gray. "Citizenship and the Origins of Women's History in the United States Teresa AnneMurphy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013." Journal of American Culture 37, no. 3 (September 2014): 340–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jacc.12228.

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18

McNulty, Maggie, and Lara Roman. "Forgotten Contributions: The Overlooked Impact of Ellen Harrison and Early 20th Century Women in Urban Greening." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 48, no. 6 (November 1, 2022): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2022.025.

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Many women and women-run associations were involved in historical urban beautification in the United States, especially tree planting, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While men had formal roles as city foresters, arborists, horticulturalists, and landscape architects, women from elite families sometimes labored for free to organize and advocate for urban tree planting. Tightly knit social circles of high-society women in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, yielded much greater influence in nascent tree planting and park creation movements than has generally been recognized. They often contributed their time, finances, input, and skill to landscape planting projects; however, they were not considered equal to the men who were compensated employees. These women planted, plotted, studied, and persevered, overcoming preconceived notions of womanhood, although their meaningful efforts were often viewed as merely an offshoot of their feminine domestic role. For women, limited by opportunities in male-dominated arenas, shaping their cities was a socially accepted means for empowerment. Ellen Waln Harrison (1846 to 1922) was a key figure in civic beautification in her hometown of Philadelphia and beyond. Ellen Harrison was married to Charles Custis Harrison, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, and she personally oversaw campus landscaping efforts, and was referred to as his “right hand.” Her story is emblematic of a larger trend regarding women in botany, horticulture, and urban forestry around the turn of the 20th century.

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Brady, Kathleen A., Deborah S. Storm, Azita Naghdi, Toni Frederick, Jessica Fridge, and Mary Jo Hoyt. "Perinatal HIV Exposure Surveillance and Reporting in the United States, 2014." Public Health Reports 132, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354916681477.

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Objective: We sought to describe the current status of perinatal HIV exposure surveillance (PHES) activities and regulations in the United States and to make recommendations to strengthen PHES. Methods: In 2014, we sent an online survey to health departments in the 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and 6 cities and counties (Chicago, Illinois; Houston, Texas; Los Angeles, California; New York, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and San Francisco, California). We analyzed responses from 56 of the 59 (95%) jurisdictions. Results: Thirty-three of 56 jurisdictions (59%) reported conducting PHES and following infants to determine their infection status. Of the 33 jurisdictions performing PHES, 28 (85%) linked maternal and infant data, but only 12 (36%) determined the HIV care status of postpartum women. Themes of respondents’ recommendations for strengthening PHES centered on updating laws and regulations to support PHES, reporting all HIV test results and linking vital records with PHES data to identify and follow HIV-exposed infants, communicating with health care providers to improve reporting, training staff, and getting help from experienced jurisdictions to implement PHES. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that data on perinatal exposure collected through the current system are inadequate to comprehensively monitor and prevent perinatal HIV exposure and transmission. Comprehensive PHES data collection and reporting are needed to sustain the progress that has been made toward lowering perinatal HIV transmission rates. We propose that minimum standards be established for perinatal HIV exposure reporting to improve the completeness, quality, and efficiency of PHES in the United States.

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Kavrus-Hoffmann, Nadezhda. "Catalogue of Greek Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Collections of the United States of America. Part VIII: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, The Library Company of Philadelphia." Manuscripta 58, no. 1 (January 2014): 38–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.mms.1.103952.

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21

Katz, Stanley N., and Leah Reisman. "Impact of the 2020 crises on the arts and culture in the United States: The effect of COVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter movement in historical context." International Journal of Cultural Property 27, no. 4 (November 2020): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739120000326.

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AbstractThis article discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Black Lives Matter movement on the arts and cultural sector in the United States, placing the 2020 crises in the context of the United States’s historically decentralized approach to supporting the arts and culture. After providing an overview of the United States’s private, locally focused history of arts funding, we use this historical lens to analyze the combined effects of the pandemic and Black Lives Matter movement on a single metropolitan area – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We trace a timeline of key events in the national and local pandemic response and the reaction of the arts community to the Black Lives Matter movement, arguing that the nature of these intersecting responses, and their fallout for the arts and cultural sector, stem directly from weaknesses in the United States’s historical approach to administering the arts. We suggest that, in the context of widespread organizational vulnerability caused by the pandemic, the United States’s decentralized approach to funding culture also undermines cultural organizations’ abilities to respond to issues of public relevance and demonstrate their civic value, threatening these organizations’ legitimacy.

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22

Lakshmanan, Usha. "THE TEACHING AND ACQUISITION OF SOUTH ASIAN LANGUAGES.Vijay Gambhir (Ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995. Pp. xv + 226. $29.95 cloth." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 21, no. 4 (December 1999): 659–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263199234067.

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The last thirty years have witnessed considerable research in the fields of second language acquisition (SLA) and second language teaching (SLT). However, most of this research has been concerned with second languages such as English, Spanish, French, and German. There has been comparatively little research on the less commonly taught second languages such as Hindi and other South Asian languages. As the editor states in the preface, enrollment in courses on South Asian languages has rapidly grown in universities in the United States and there is an urgent need for a careful examination of the issues relevant to the teaching and learning of these languages. The purpose of the book is to fill the existing gap and to generate an interest among both researchers and practitioners in the teaching and learning of South Asian languages.

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Snead, James E. "Ancient Marbles to American Shores: Classical Archaeology in the United States. by Stephen Dyson, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1998." Bulletin of the History of Archaeology 12, no. 1 (May 27, 2002): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/bha.12104.

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JACKSON, RODGER L. "Physician Strikes and Trust." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9, no. 4 (October 2000): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100904080.

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Physician strikes in the United States have been relatively rare, although this has not been the case in other countries nor with other members of the healthcare community, such as nurses. This situation, however, could change. More physicians are either joining unions or seriously discussing doing so. The National Guild for Medical Providers, for example, is actively trying to expand its membership of 11,000 doctors in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New Hampshire into Illinois, California, New Jersey, Colorado, Texas, and South Carolina. The Federation of Physicians and Dentists, with 2,500 members in Florida and Connecticut, is trying to establish itself in Seattle, Las Vegas, Tucson, and Philadelphia. Although unions are neither necessary nor sufficient conditions for strikes, if physician unions do become more prevalent, the potential for collective work actions, including strikes, increases.

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Renzi, Ronald, Rodmehr Ajdari, and Brandon Bosque. "Trends in the Types of Physicians Performing Partial Foot Amputations." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 109, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/15-101.

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Background: Partial foot amputations (PFAs) are often indicated for the treatment of severe infection, osteomyelitis, and critical limb ischemia, which consequently leads to irreversible necrosis. Many patients who undergo PFAs have concomitant comorbidities and generally present with a severe acute manifestation of the condition, such as gangrenous changes, systemic infection, or debilitating pain, which would then require emergency amputation on an inpatient basis. Methods: The purpose of this study was to track the recent prevalence of PFAs and to investigate the current demographic trends of the physicians managing and performing PFAs, specifically regarding medical degree and specialty. Doctors of podiatric medicine are striving to achieve parity with their allopathic and osteopathic surgical counterparts and become a more prominent part of the multidisciplinary approach to limb salvage and emergency surgical treatment. This study evaluated 4 years (2009–2012) of PFA data from the Pennsylvania state inpatient database in the two most populated areas of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia and Allegheny counties. Statistics on medical schools were obtained directly from the accrediting bodies of allopathic, osteopathic, and podiatric medical schools. The goal of this study was to evaluate the general trends of patients undergoing a PFA and to quantify the upswing of podiatric surgeons intervening in the surgical care of these patients. Results: The number of partial foot amputations in the United States rose from 2006 to 2012. Podiatric surgeons performed 46% of theses procedures for residents of Philadelphia County from 2009 to 2012. In Allegheny County podiatric physicians performed 42% of these procedures during the same time frame. Conclusions: Partial foot amputations are increasing over time. Podiatric Surgeons perform a significant share of these operations. This share is increasing in the most populated areas of Pennsylvania.

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Lincoln, Joshua. "The “Persistent” Federation: Nigeria and its Federal Future." Issue 27, no. 1 (1999): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700503059.

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At the Azikiwe memorial conference held at Lincoln University near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in late April 1998, a longstanding observer of Nigerian politics pointedly informed the Nigerian ambassador to the United States that the so-called Federal Republic of Nigeria was in fact neither federal nor a republic. The remark was met with rowdy applause from the migrant/exile audience. It was certainly accurate at the time, but not even the audience could know for how much longer. While it is perhaps still premature to celebrate, by virtue of the recent elections Nigeria is once again at least nominally a republic in the Latin sense—res publica —a thing of the people. As for Nigerian federalism, Ali Mazrui’s characterization seems accurate: It is “alive, but not well,” and the recent elections do not augur well for its recovery.

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Twelbeck, K. "Sari Altschuler, "The Medical Imagination: Literature and Health in the Early United States" (Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 2018), 301 pp." Amerikastudien/American Studies 67, no. 4 (2022): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33675/amst/2022/4/14.

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Robbins, Sarah Ruffing. "Victoria Olwell.The Genius of Democracy: Fictions of Gender and Citizenship in the United States, 1860–1945.Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 2011." Women's Studies 41, no. 8 (December 2012): 1007–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00497878.2012.718638.

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Sax, Richard. "Liberty of the Imagination: Aesthetic Theory, Literary Form, and Politics in the Early United States EdwardCahill. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012." Journal of American Culture 36, no. 4 (December 2013): 382–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jacc.12074.

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Meltzer, Rachel. "Blazing the Neoliberal Trail: Urban Political Development in the United States and the United Kingdom by Timothy P.R.Weaver. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015. 360 pp. $69.95." Political Science Quarterly 132, no. 3 (September 2017): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polq.12660.

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Bartholomew, Tyler S., Kaitlin Grosgebauer, Katherine Huynh, and Travis Cos. "Integration of Hepatitis C Treatment in a Primary care Federally Qualified Health Center; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2015-2017." Infectious Diseases: Research and Treatment 12 (January 2019): 117863371984138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178633719841381.

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a pressing public health issue. Identification of long term infection in primary care settings and community health centers can facilitate patients’ access to appropriate care. Given the increase in HCV prevalence in the United States, improving the HCV care continuum and expanding medication access to disproportionately affected populations can help reduce disease burden, health care system costs, and transmission. Innovative treatment programs developed in the primary care setting are needed to deliver quality care to meet the demand of those engaging in treatment. This article describes an HCV treatment program developed within a primary care federally qualified health center (FQHC) using physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) to address the high number of HCV positive patients identified at the clinic. An interdisciplinary care team was established to optimize patient experience around HCV care and treatment, using on-site primary care behavioral health consultants, an HCV treatment coordinator, and a 340B contracted specialty pharmacy. From January 2015 to April 2017, the Public Health Management Corporation (PHMC) Care Clinic medical providers referred 189 patients for HCV treatment. Of those referred, 102 patients successfully obtained a sustained virologic response (SVR), representing a 53.7% success rate from referral to cure. This treatment program successfully integrated HCV treatment in a patient population heavily affected by substance use and mental illness. Support and adoption of similar programs in primary care community health centers testing for HCV can help meet the clinical/behavioral needs of these marginalized populations.

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Gudina, Abdi, M. Patricia Rivera, Charles Kamen, and AnaPaula Cupertino. "Abstract A086: Disparities in lung cancer screening uptake across the United States." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a086.

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Abstract Background: Despite the efficacy of low-dose computerized tomography (LDCT) to detect lung cancer early, the rate of lung cancer screening among high-risk individuals remains low. The purpose of this study was to assess lung cancer screening rates in contrast with state lung cancer mortality across the United States. Methods: Data for this study were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from three consecutive years (2018-2020); a population-based survey administered via cell phone and landline and conducted annually by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Eligibility criteria follow the 2013 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation: high-risk individuals aged 55-80 years with a >30 pack-year smoking history who currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. After excluding ineligible subjects and those with missing information, 11,297 subjects were included in the final analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the predictor (i.e., state of residence) and the outcome variable (i.e., screening rate). Results: Of the 24 states included in this study, the states with the highest lung cancer screening rates were Rhode Island (24.75%), Vermont (22.51%), New Jersey (21.72%), Minnesota (21.64%), and Delaware (21.39%). The states with the lowest screening uptake were Oklahoma (9.23%), Utah (9.78%), West Virginia (12.23%), South Dakota (12.31%), and Kansas (12.41%). Kentucky has the highest lung cancer mortality and has become the 6th highest in screening rates. Utah has the lowest lung cancer mortality and is the second-lowest state in lung cancer screening rates. After adjusting for sociodemographic (i.e., age, gender, marital status, level of education, income, insurance, and race/ethnicity) and health-related factors (i.e., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking history, and primary care provider), high-risk individuals in the state of Delaware (OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.50 - 5.41), Kentucky (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.03 - 4.04), Minnesota (OR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.49 - 5.06), Montana (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.09 - 4.25), New Jersey (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.25 - 4.57), Pennsylvania (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.17 - 4.44), Rhode Island (OR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.33 - 4.98), Texas (OR: 4.51, 95% CI: 2.04 - 9.97) and Vermont (OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.61 - 6.28) were significantly more likely to receive lung cancer screening than those in Utah. High-risk individuals in all the remaining states were not significantly different in terms of their lung cancer screening rates compared to Utah. Conclusions: Lung cancer screening rates varied widely across 24 states and did not match with the lung cancer mortality burden in each state. The results from the present study highlights the importance of developing targeted initiatives and policies that enhance the rates of lung cancer screenings in the states that experience a disproportionate burden of lung cancer mortality. Citation Format: Abdi Gudina, M. Patricia Rivera, Charles Kamen, AnaPaula Cupertino. Disparities in lung cancer screening uptake across the United States [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A086.

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Piggush, Yvette R. "Against Self-Reliance: The Arts of Dependence in the Early United States. William Huntting Howell. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015. Pp. 305." Modern Philology 114, no. 1 (August 2016): E39—E41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685933.

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Green, Karen. "Citizenship and the Origins of Women’s History in the United States. By Teresa Anne Murphy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013. 240p. $42.50." Perspectives on Politics 12, no. 3 (September 2014): 745–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592714001972.

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Laracey, Mel. "Jeffrey S. Selinger. Embracing Dissent: Political Violence and Party Development in the United States. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016. Pp. 264. $55.00." American Political Thought 7, no. 2 (March 2018): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/697025.

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Broxmeyer, Jeffrey D. "Embracing Dissent: Political Violence and Party Development in the United States by Jeffrey S.Selinger. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016. 264 pp. $55.00." Political Science Quarterly 132, no. 4 (December 2017): 769–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polq.12710.

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BARRETT, ROSS. "Picturing a Crude Past: Primitivism, Public Art, and Corporate Oil Promotion in the United States." Journal of American Studies 46, no. 2 (May 2012): 395–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875812000084.

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This essay examines the first monument dedicated to the US oil industry, the Drake Memorial in Titusville, Pennsylvania (1899–1901), as an influential project of corporate self-representation. Commissioned by Standard Oil, the memorial shaped a public image for the petroleum industry that addressed concerns about the sustainability and social effects of oil capitalism, and established the key terms for a promotional discourse that would circulate throughout the twentieth century. This discourse, which I call “petro-primitivism,” reimagined the ultramodern oil industry as an extension of timeless practices rooted in an imagined archaic past. By shaping a primitivist spectacle that figured oil as an eternal component of the natural world and a primordial object of “human” endeavor, I argue, the Drake Memorial encouraged audiences to take the long view on oil: to adopt an expansive perspective that reconceived oil as a timelessly abundant element, and the boom-and-bust oil industry as an age-old venture. These tropes proved useful to the industry throughout the crises of the early twentieth century, reappearing in corporate displays and filtering into the rhetoric of industry advertising and publicity. Accordingly, I examine two later projects that appropriated the themes of petro-primitivism: the Sinclair Oil exhibit at the 1933–34 World's Fair, and Sun Oil's exhibit Oil Serves America at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia (1953–c.1962). Echoing the earlier Drake Memorial, these displays employed strategies drawn from public art and civic architecture to organize collective experiences around the image of oil. By examining these popular exhibits alongside the Drake Memorial, I aim to offer a new account of the promotional culture of the early petroleum industry that explores the intersections between the traditional arts and industry publicity and illuminates the vital role that cultural representations played in accommodating twentieth-century Americans to the dynamic structures of petro-capitalism.

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Blanton, Carlos Kevin. "Ruben Flores. Backroads Pragmatists: Mexico's Melting Pot and Civil Rights in the United States. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014. 360 pp. Cloth $45.00." History of Education Quarterly 56, no. 3 (August 2016): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12200.

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Newman, Rachel Grace. "Backroads Pragmatists: Mexico's Melting Pot and Civil Rights in the United States. By Ruben Flores. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014, pp. 360, $45.00." Latin Americanist 62, no. 2 (May 3, 2018): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tla.12185.

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Nackenoff, Carol. "Embracing Dissent: Political Violence and Party Development in the United States. By Jeffrey S. Selinger. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016. 264p. $55.00 cloth." Perspectives on Politics 16, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 547–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592718000609.

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Charles, Julia S. "The Practice of Citizenship: Black Politics and Print Culture in the Early United States. Derrick R. Spires. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019. Pp. 352." Modern Philology 118, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): E45—E47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/709650.

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French, Jan Hoffman. "The Paradox of Relevance: Ethnography and Citizenship in the United States. By Carol J. Greenhouse. Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 2011. 328 pp. $59.95 cloth." Law & Society Review 47, no. 3 (July 22, 2013): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12037.

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43

McGregor, Bethany, Nathan Burkett-Cadena, and Andrea Lucky. "Grass-like mantid, American grass mantid, Thesprotia graminis, (Scudder, 1878) (Insecta: Mantodea: Thespidae)." EDIS 2019, no. 2 (April 25, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1235-2019.

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Praying mantids are charismatic insects that are considered beneficial to humans because of their insectivorous lifestyle and because of their aesthetic appeal. Despite this, many praying mantid species remain understudied. One species that occurs in the southeastern United States is the grass-like mantid, Thesprotia graminis (Scudder) (Figure 1). This small, cryptic mantid species is light brown to green in color and can easily blend in with pine needles and grass, making it difficult to detect in its natural habitat. Although this mantid may be mistaken for a stick insect (Order: Phasmatodea), especially when its forelegs are held directly in front of the body and it resembles a blade of grass, the raptorial forelimbs reveal the insect’s true identity. There are 14 Neotropical species within the genus Thesprotia, all of which occur in South America except Thesprotia graminis (Rondon et al. 2007). The type specimen for this species is a male that was collected in Gainesville, Florida. It is vouchered in the entomology collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This document is also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1235

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Rankin, Shelley C., and Stephen D. Cole. "An Outbreak of New Delhi Metallo--Lactamase-5 (blaNDM-5)–Producing Escherichia coli in Companion Animals in the United States." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.496.

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Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in companion animals will be a game changer for infection prevention and control strategies in veterinary and human healthcare facilities. CRE have emerged as an important cause of human healthcare-associated infections and are a major clinical and public health problem. Although reports of CRE from animals are still very rare, they have been documented in China, Europe, and the United States. Methods: In April 2019, a passive veterinary surveillance system identified the blaNDM-5 gene in an E. coli isolated from a dog in Philadelphia in July 2018. CRE are reportable to the Philadelphia Department of Public Health (PDPH), and in May 2019, the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital at the University of Pennsylvania (MJRVH) reported a cluster of carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CR-E. coli) isolated from 14 animals to the PDHP. This cluster of 17 isolates, that all contained a blaNDM-5 gene, was the first report of a CR-E. coli outbreak at a US veterinary facility. The first isolate, E. coli 24213-18, was sequenced on the Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) Sequel Sequencer and has been uploaded to GenBank. Whole genome sequencing was performed on all 17 isolates using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Antimicrobial resistance genes were identified from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Pathogen Detection Isolates Browser using AMRFinder. Results: PacBio sequencing confirmed E. coli ST167 and identified a circular IncFII plasmid of 139,547 bp that contained the blaNDM-5 gene, along with many additional resistance genes. In June 2019, a retrospective review of hospital records was completed and showed that, from July 2018, 17 CR- E. coli were isolated from 14 animals. Conclusions: Control of CRE infections in human healthcare settings is challenging because the organisms colonize the gastrointestinal tract and can go undetected. The same issue is to be expected with companion animals. Healthcare-associated spread of CRE E. coli in a veterinary facility emphasizes the importance of rapidly identifying and characterizing carbapenem-resistant isolates from animals. Methods to control the spread of CRE in veterinary medical settings have not yet been studied, and related investigations will be critically important to limit the transmission of these pathogens in animal populations. The risk of transmission of CRE from animals to people is currently poorly understood. CRE will be a major challenge across all health fields as these organisms become more prevalent in the community. It is likely that a ‘One Health’ approach to surveillance, infection prevention, and antimicrobial stewardship will be required to limit the spread and potential global dominance of CRE.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Rzeznik, Thomas F. "“Representatives of All that is Noble”: The Rise of the Episcopal Establishment in Early-Twentieth-Century Philadelphia." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 19, no. 1 (2009): 69–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2009.19.1.69.

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AbstractThe United States has never had an established religion, but, by the early twentieth century, many Episcopalians had come to think of themselves as the nation's religious establishment. No other denomination, they believed, was as well-suited to provide moral leadership for the nation and unite its people in faith. This article argues that their commitment to a national civic mission provided Episcopalians with a sense of collective purpose that diverted attention from internal divisions and helped propel the church to a position of prominence within American religious life. It also reveals how many of the prime proponents and beneficiaries of the church's ascendancy were members of the social and financial elite. Committed to a patrician creed of social responsibility, these “representatives of all that is noble” gained status and moral authority through their public support of the church and its mission. To trace the contours of the Episcopal ascendancy, this article focuses on developments within the Diocese of Pennsylvania, one of the largest, wealthiest, and most influential within the church. Over the course of the early twentieth century, its members overcame their prevailing parochialism, strengthened their denominational identity, and brought their influence to bear on the nation's religious life. Their exercise of religious and cultural authority can be seen in their support of three ecclesiastical projects—the proposed diocesan cathedral, historic Christ Church, and the Washington Memorial Chapel at Valley Forge— that helped fashion the public image of the Episcopal Church as the nation's religious establishment.

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Koop, C. Everett. "Pediatric Surgery: The Long Road to Recognition." Pediatrics 92, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.92.4.618.

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Before 1946, when I completed my training in general surgery, I knew very little about the field that eventually became known as pediatric surgery. I knew that children did not get a fair shake in surgery; that was amply proved during my internship and residency. Surgical patients came from the adult world, and children had a difficult time competing with them. Surgeons in general were frightened of children, and they distrusted the ability of anesthetists to wake children up after putting them to sleep, a position not far from that of many anesthetists. The younger and smaller the patient, the more significant the hazard. I knew, also, that in the United States and in Europe, where some surgery of children was more successfully carried out, it fell usually into one of the specialties, especially orthopedics. In those days there was a need for such specialization in the treatment of diseases that are no longer problems: tuberculosis of the bone, osteomyelitis, and polio. I wish I could say that my knowledge of the sad state of child surgery as I saw it in Philadelphia made me determined to bring about changes for the better. Actually, during the last year of my general surgery training at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, I was invited to become surgeon in chief of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Pediatric surgery was thrust upon me. Nevertheless, I was excited about the chance to make surgery safer for children, and I entered my career with that goal.

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Albanese, Mary Grace. "Elizabeth Maddock Dillon and Michael Drexler, eds. The Haitian Revolution and the Early United States: Histories, Textualities, Geographies. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016. 448 pp." Critical Inquiry 44, no. 1 (September 2017): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/694137.

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Martin, Ruben, and Gary A. Molander. "Cluster Preface: Modern Nickel-Catalyzed Reactions." Synlett 32, no. 15 (August 30, 2021): 1492–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1720393.

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Ruben Martin is a professor at the Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain. He received his Ph.D. in 2003 from the University of Barcelona under the guidance of Prof. Antoni Riera. In 2004, he moved to the Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung as a Humboldt postdoctoral fellow with Prof. Alois Fürstner. In 2005, he undertook further postdoctoral studies at MIT with Prof. Stephen L. Buchwald as a MEC-Fulbright fellow. In 2008, he began his independent career as an assistant professor at the ICIQ (Tarragona). In 2013, he was promoted to associate professor and shortly after to ICREA Research Professor. Ruben Martin has focused his career on designing synthetically useful Ni-catalyzed methodologies for streamlining the preparation of added-value chemicals from simple precursors without losing sight of mechanistic considerations, when appropriate. Gary A. Molander is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. He completed his undergraduate studies in chemistry at Iowa State University under the tutelage of Prof. Richard C. Larock. He earned his Ph.D. at Purdue University under the direction of Prof. Herbert Brown and undertook postdoctoral training with Prof. Barry Trost at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He began his academic career at the University of Colorado, Boulder, moving to the University of Pennsylvania in 1999, where he is currently Professor of Chemistry. His research interests have focused on the utilization of organolanthanides, Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with trifluoroborate salts, and the merger of photoredox catalysis and Ni catalysis for tackling a priori uphill transformations under visible-light irradiation for accessing valuable scaffolds in both academic and pharmaceutical laboratories.

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Roman, Lara, Indigo Catton, Eric Greenfield, Hamil Pearsall, Theodore Eisenman, and Jason Henning. "Linking Urban Tree Cover Change and Local History in a Post-Industrial City." Land 10, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10040403.

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Municipal leaders are pursuing ambitious goals to increase urban tree canopy (UTC), but there is little understanding of the pace and socioecological drivers of UTC change. We analyzed land cover change in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (United States) from 1970–2010 to examine the impacts of post-industrial processes on UTC. We interpreted land cover classes using aerial imagery and assessed historical context using archival newspapers, agency reports, and local historical scholarship. There was a citywide UTC increase of +4.3 percentage points. Substantial UTC gains occurred in protected open spaces related to both purposeful planting and unintentional forest emergence due to lack of maintenance, with the latter phenomenon well-documented in other cities located in forested biomes. Compared to developed lands, UTC was more persistent in protected open spaces. Some neighborhoods experienced substantial UTC gains, including quasi-suburban areas and depopulated low-income communities; the latter also experienced decreasing building cover. We identified key processes that drove UTC increases, and which imposed legacies on current UTC patterns: urban renewal, urban greening initiatives, quasi-suburban developments, and (dis)investments in parks. Our study demonstrates the socioecological dynamism of intra-city land cover changes at multi-decadal time scales and the crucial role of local historical context in the interpretation of UTC change.

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Dreisbach, Daniel L. "Eric R. Schlereth. An Age of Infidels: The Politics of Religious Controversy in the Early United States. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013. Pp. vi+295. $55.00." American Political Thought 4, no. 2 (March 2015): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/680428.

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