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Journal articles on the topic 'Strepsipteran Parasites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Kim, Il-Kwon, Chang-Jun Kim, Jeong-Hwan Choi, Hyun Jun Kang, and Moon Bo Choi. "Stylopization by Xenos spp. (Xenidae, Strepsiptera) in invasive alien hornet, Vespa velutina, in South Korea." Parasite 32 (2025): 10. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2025004.

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The invasive hornet Vespa velutina Lepeletier, which first invaded South Korea in 2003, has spread throughout the country, significantly affecting apiaries, ecosystems, and human health. Xenos spp. (Xenidae, Strepsiptera) are primarily parasitic to social wasps, with V. analis being the only known host in Korea. Until recently, no parasites or parasitoids on V. velutina had been discovered. In 2020, strepsipteran parasites were discovered on 11 hornet workers in Andong City, South Korea. These parasites, comprising four larvae and seven pupae, were all male, except for one individual of an und

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Kudô, Kazuyuki, Wataru Oyaizu, Rikako Kusama, Yuki Yamaguchi, and Shinsaku Koji. "Body Size of Female Strepsipteran Parasites (Strepsiptera, Xenidae, Xenos) Depends on Several Key Factors in a Vespine Wasp (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespa)." Insects 15, no. 4 (2024): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15040266.

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Parasite growth in hosts depends on their hosts’ nutritional status. This study examined whether the body size of the strepsipteran parasite Xenos oxyodontes, which parasitizes the eusocial wasp Vespa analis, is affected by several key factors, including host body size. We collected V. analis using bait traps for three years in Niigata, Japan, and evaluated the number of male and female X. oxyodontes parasites throughout the seasons. A total of 185 female parasites were collected, and their cephalothorax widths were measured. The widths of female parasites did not statistically vary among seas

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Benda, Daniel, Hans Pohl, Rolf Beutel, and Jakub Straka. "Solitary folded-winged wasps of the genus Zethus Fabricius (Vespidae, Zethinae) parasitised by two new species of Strepsiptera on different continents." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97 (September 9, 2024): 721–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.97.127500.

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Two new species of Strepsiptera from the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) are described. Although the stylopisation of the genus Zethus has been known for almost a century, we provide the first description of its strepsipteran parasites. Zethus brasiliensis fuscatus R. Bohart & Stange, 1965 is parasitised by Eupathocera zethisp. nov. in the Neotropical Region (French Guiana) and Zethus favillaceus Walker, 1871 by Deltoxenos impressussp. nov. in the Afrotropical Region (Kenya). An independent switch to the same host genus is supported by molecular and morphological data.

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CAPPA, FEDERICO, FABIO MANFREDINI, ROMANO DALLAI, MARCO GOTTARDO, and LAURA BEANI. "Parasitic castration by Xenos vesparum depends on host gender." Parasitology 141, no. 8 (2014): 1080–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118201400047x.

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SUMMARYHost castration represents a mechanism used by parasites to exploit energy resources from their hosts by interfering with their reproductive development or to extend host lifespan by removing risks associated with reproductive activity. One of the most intriguing groups of parasitic castrators is represented by the insects belonging to the order Strepsiptera. The macroparasite Xenos vesparum can produce dramatic phenotypic alterations in its host, the paper wasp Polistes dominula. Parasitized female wasps have undeveloped ovaries and desert the colony without performing any social task.

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Benda, Daniel, Hans Pohl, Rolf Beutel, and Jakub Straka. "Solitary folded-winged wasps of the genus Zethus Fabricius (Vespidae, Zethinae) parasitised by two new species of Strepsiptera on different continents." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97 (September 9, 2024): 721–39. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.97.127500.

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Two new species of Strepsiptera from the genus <i>Zethus</i> Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) are described. Although the stylopisation of the genus <i>Zethus</i> has been known for almost a century, we provide the first description of its strepsipteran parasites. <i>Zethus brasiliensis fuscatus</i> R. Bohart & Stange, 1965 is parasitised by <i>Eupathocera zethi</i> sp. nov. in the Neotropical Region (French Guiana) and <i>Zethus favillaceus</i> Walker, 1871 by <i>Deltoxenos impressus</i> sp. nov. in the Afrotropical Region (Kenya). An independent switch to the same host genus is su

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Barrion, A. T., and J. A. Litsinger. "Strepsipteran parasites of rice leafhoppers and planthoppers in the Philippines." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 4 (1987): 37–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6880094.

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This article 'Strepsipteran Parasites of Rice Leafhoppers and Planthoppers in the Philippines' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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7

Kudô, Kazuyuki, Wataru Oyaizu, Rikako Kusama, Kohei Yamagishi, Yuki Yamaguchi, and Shinsaku Koji. "Effect of Environmental Factors on Strepsipteran Parasite Abundance in Vespine Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." Sociobiology 71, no. 1 (2024): e10347. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v71i1.10347.

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Xenos is a strepsipteran genus parasitizing hornets of the Vespa spp. In Japan, parasitism levels in hornets have been examined for two Xenos species. These studies have indicated that parasitism levels vary with the seasons but are inconsequential compared to other potential factors that reduce the number of host colonies. However, a comprehensive analysis of parasitism levels accounting for various factors such as host species, seasons, and years was not conducted. To address this gap, we conducted a four-year study in which we collected Vespa spp. using bait traps and assessed parasitism le

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8

Kanzaki, Natsumi, Shun’ichi Makino, Hajime Kosaka, Katsuhiko Sayama, Keiko Hamaguchi, and Shinji Narayama. "Nematode and Strepsipteran Parasitism in Bait-Trapped and Hand-Collected Hornets (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespa)." Insects 14, no. 4 (2023): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14040398.

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The parasitism of two groups of host-manipulating parasites of hornets was examined in Kyoto, Japan. Vespa mandarinia (661 individuals), V. simillima (303), V. analis (457), V. ducalis (158), V. crabro (57), and V. dybowskii (4) were collected either by bait trap or hand collection with an insect net, and examined for their parasites. An endoparasitic nematode, Sphaerularia vespae was isolated from three overwintered gynes of V. mandarinia and a gyne of V. ducalis. While endoparasitic insects, Xenos spp., were recovered from 13 V. mandarinia, 77 V. analis, two V. ducalis, and three V. crabro,

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9

Nakase, Yuta, and Makoto Kato. "Life history and host utilization pattern of a strepsipteran parasite (Insecta: Strepsiptera) on the Blissine bugs (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) living under dwarf bamboo leaf sheaths." Journal of Natural History 45, no. 17-18 (2011): 1089–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.552799.

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Nakase, Yuta, Kato, Makoto (2011): Life history and host utilization pattern of a strepsipteran parasite (Insecta: Strepsiptera) on the Blissine bugs (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) living under dwarf bamboo leaf sheaths. Journal of Natural History 45 (17-18): 1089-1099, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.552799, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.552799

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Grimaldi, David, and Jeyaraney Kathirithamby. "Remarkable stasis in some Lower Tertiary parasitoids: descriptions, new records, and review of Strepsiptera in the Oligo-Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic." Insect Systematics & Evolution 24, no. 1 (1993): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631293x00037.

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AbstractKathirithamby, J. & Grimaldi, D.: Remarkable stasis in some Lower Tertiary parasitoids: descriptions, new records, and review of Strepsiptera in the Oligo-Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic. Ent. scand. 24: 31-41. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. 25-30 million years of parasite stasis is recorded in amber from the Dominican Republic, by the finding of a species of strepsipteran morphologically indistinguishable from Bohartilla melagognatha Kinzelbach, 1969 (Bohartillidae), and two species very close to Caenocholax fenyesi (Pierce 1909) (Myrmecolacidae). A new r

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11

Matsumoto, Yukiko, Masaya Matsumura, Sugihiko Hoshizaki, Yuki Sato, and Hiroaki Noda. "The strepsipteran parasite Elenchus japonicus (Strepsiptera, Elenchidae) of planthoppers consists of three genotypes." Applied Entomology and Zoology 46, no. 3 (2011): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13355-011-0060-z.

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12

Straka, Jakub, Kateřina Jůzová, and Jan Batelka. "A new genus of Strepsiptera, Rozenia gen. n. (Stylopidae), a parasite of bee genera Acamptopoeum and Calliopsis (Andrenidae, Panurginae, Calliopsini)." ZooKeys 442 (September 23, 2014): 31–49. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.442.7747.

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A new Strepsiptera genus from South America is described, Rozenia gen. n., with three new species: R. calliopsidis sp. n. (type species), R. peruana sp. n. and R. platicephala sp. n. These three new species are parasites of bees belonging to the tribe Calliopsini (Andrenidae, Panurginae). Rozenia calliopsidis sp. n. is a parasite of the bee genus Calliopsis Smith, 1853 and R. peruana sp. n. and R. platicephala sp. n. are parasites of the bee genus Acamptopoeum Cockerell, 1905. Diagnoses and descriptions of female puparia are presented for all three species. Diagnoses and descriptions of first

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Balzer, Zachary S., and Arthur R. Davis. "Anatomical impact and notes on viviparous development related to infestation by neotenic females of Stylops advarians (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) on adult female Andrena milwaukeensis (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)." Canadian Entomologist 153, no. 4 (2021): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2021.21.

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AbstractStylops advarians Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) is a prevalent parasite of adult Andrena milwaukeensis Graenicher (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. By dissecting adult bees and examining histological sections, we sought to determine how neotenic females of S. advarians impact female hosts of A. milwaukeensis anatomically. Adult bees with 1–3 females of S. advarians within their gasters were compared to nonstylopised bees (control). The presence of a single female parasite inhibited development of the host’s ovaries. The bee’s foregut shifted laterally wh

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14

Pohl, Hans. "Die Stammgruppe der Fächerflügler (Insecta, Strepsiptera)." Archiv Natur- und Landeskunde Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 58 (November 19, 2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/anlk.58.06.

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Die Fächerflügler (Strepsiptera) sind mit nur ca. 600 beschriebenen rezenten Arten eine kleine, parasitische Gruppe der holometabolen Insekten. Fossilfunde sind selten, aber in den letzten Jahren hat sich die Kenntnis der Stammgruppe der Strepsiptera durch die Entdeckung gut erhaltener Arten aus kreidezeitlichem burmesischem Bernstein und eozänem baltischen Bernstein stark vermehrt. Bis auf ganz wenige Ausnahmen, wie eine fossile Primärlarve aus burmesischem Bernstein und ein spätes weibliches Larvenstadium der †Mengeidae aus baltischem Bernstein, sind nur Männchen bekannt. Diese Bernsteinfoss

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15

VANNINI, L., A. CARAPELLI, F. FRATI, and L. BEANI. "Non-sibling parasites (Strepsiptera) develop together in the same paper wasp." Parasitology 135, no. 6 (2008): 705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182008004320.

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SUMMARYHost discrimination by immature host-seeking endoparasites is a complex and somewhat unexplored topic. In the case of multiple infections, conflicts among conspecifics may occur to monopolize space and resources in the same host. Two or more 1st instar larvae ofXenos vesparum(Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) may enter into aPolistes dominulus(Hymenoptera, Vespidae) larva and develop together until the adult stage of both parasite and host. We carried out a screening of mitochondrial haplotypes inX. vesparumindividuals extracted from superparasitized wasps taken in 5 naturally infected nests fr

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16

Dong, Zhiwei, Xingyue Liu, Chuyang Mao, Jinwu He, and Xueyan Li. "Xenos yangi sp. nov.: A new twisted-wing parasite species (Strepsiptera, Xenidae) from Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China." ZooKeys 1085 (February 2, 2022): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1085.76484.

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Here we report a new twisted-wing parasite species of the family Xenidae based on both morphological and molecular evidence. By using nearly complete mitogenomes, we confirmed the twisted-wing parasites on two wasps (Vespa velutina and Vespa bicolor) (China: Yunnan) as the same species, and associated its neotenic females and alate males. Combining the mitogenomic data (COI) and morphological traits, this species was identified to be a new species of the genus Xenos, namely Xenos yangi Dong, Liu &amp; Li, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for the new species.

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Dong, Zhiwei, Xingyue Liu, Chuyang Mao, Jinwu He, and Xueyan Li. "Xenos yangi sp. nov.: A new twisted-wing parasite species (Strepsiptera, Xenidae) from Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China." ZooKeys 1085 (February 2, 2022): 11–27. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1085.76484.

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Here we report a new twisted-wing parasite species of the family Xenidae based on both morphological and molecular evidence. By using nearly complete mitogenomes, we confirmed the twisted-wing parasites on two wasps (Vespa velutina and Vespa bicolor) (China: Yunnan) as the same species, and associated its neotenic females and alate males. Combining the mitogenomic data (COI) and morphological traits, this species was identified to be a new species of the genus Xenos, namely Xenos yangi Dong, Liu & Li, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for the new species.

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QUINTOS-ANDRADE, GERARDO, and JORGE E. VALENZUELA-GONZÁLEZ. "First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)." Zootaxa 5514, no. 2 (2024): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4.

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Halictoxenos is a genus of parasites with a mainly holarctic distribution and exclusive parasite of bees of the Halictinae subfamily. In this work, we describe a new species from Mexico, parasite of the halictid Lasioglossum exiguum and with a known distribution in locations of central and southern Veracruz. The delimitation of this species is supported by morphological and molecular evidence. A diagnosis for Halictoxenos and certain characters for species delimitation is also proposed. It is expected that this research may be a steppingstone to the continuity of the study of Halictoxenos and

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Balzer, Zach S., and Arthur R. Davis. "Life history traits and interactions of Stylops advarians (Strepsiptera) with its bee host, Andrena milwaukeensis." Parasitology 147, no. 4 (2020): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182020000037.

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AbstractSpecimens of Stylops advarians were sampled by collecting foraging bees of Andrena milwaukeensis along the South Saskatchewan River within Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. As the foraging season progressed from early May till late June over three consecutive years (2016–2018), most stylopized bees possessed endoparasitic adult (neotenic) females of S. advarians protruding from the bee gaster's dorsum. In contrast, very few adult bees stylopized by male puparia, and no free-living males, were encountered. Over the sampling period, prevalence remained around 22% each year; mean intensity was 1.2

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Benda, Daniel, Hans Pohl, Rolf Beutel, and Jakub Straka. "Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World." Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 62, no. 1 (2022): 185–95. https://doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2022.014.

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Benda, Daniel, Pohl, Hans, Beutel, Rolf, Straka, Jakub (2022): Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 62 (1): 185-195, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2022.014, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2022.014

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Straka, Jakub. "Strepsiptera of Canada." ZooKeys 819 (January 24, 2019): 377–82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.819.23851.

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In Canada, the order Strepsiptera consists of 27 known species representing five families: Corioxenidae (1 species), Elenchidae (1 species), Halictophagidae (5 species), Stylopidae (15 species), and Xenidae (5 species). These totals represent an increase of 21 species since the 1979 assessment. Half of these species represent unpublished records recently discovered by study of stylopized hosts in museum collections and DNA barcoded species. It is estimated that as many as 19 more species will eventually be discovered in Canada. DNA barcode sequences are available for 4 Canadian species. The fa

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Lu, Xiumei, and Xingyue Liu. "Discovery of the twisted-wing parasite family Myrmecolacidae (Insecta: Strepsiptera) from China, with description of two new species of the genus Myrmecolax Westwood, 1861." Zootaxa 3881, no. 4 (2014): 385–95. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3881.4.6.

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Lu, Xiumei, Liu, Xingyue (2014): Discovery of the twisted-wing parasite family Myrmecolacidae (Insecta: Strepsiptera) from China, with description of two new species of the genus Myrmecolax Westwood, 1861. Zootaxa 3881 (4): 385-395, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3881.4.6

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Geffre, Amy C., Ruolin Liu, Fabio Manfredini, et al. "Transcriptomics of an extended phenotype: parasite manipulation of wasp social behaviour shifts expression of caste-related genes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1852 (2017): 20170029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0029.

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Parasites can manipulate host behaviour to increase their own transmission and fitness, but the genomic mechanisms by which parasites manipulate hosts are not well understood. We investigated the relationship between the social paper wasp, Polistes dominula , and its parasite, Xenos vesparum (Insecta: Strepsiptera), to understand the effects of an obligate endoparasitoid on its host's brain transcriptome. Previous research suggests that X. vesparum shifts aspects of host social caste-related behaviour and physiology in ways that benefit the parasitoid. We hypothesized that X. vesparum -infeste

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Nakase, Yuta, and Makoto Kato. "Life history and host utilization pattern of a strepsipteran parasite (Insecta: Strepsiptera) on the Blissine bugs (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) living under dwarf bamboo leaf sheaths." Journal of Natural History 45, no. 17-18 (2011): 1089–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.552799.

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Makino, Shun'ichi. "Levels of Parasitism by Xenos oxyodontes (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) among Adult Hornets and Its Voltinism in the Host Vespa analis (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)." Sociobiology 72, no. 1 (2025): e11306. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v72i1.11306.

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Stylopized adults of Vespa analis in collected nests and bait-trapped samples were examined to learn the intensity of parasitism and the life cycle of the parasite Xenos oxyodontes. Of the 48 nests collected between June and October in central Japan, 60% contained stylopized adults, with 8.2% of the total intranidal adult population stylopized. Stylopization rates varied by sex and caste; 7.3% in workers, 12.3% in males, and 1.7% in new queens. The overall sex ratio (male ratio) of the parasite was 0.76 within adult hornets, consistently male-biased across both the month of collection and the

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ZHENG, XUHONGYI, and CHANGFA ZHOU. "Rediscovery of Myrmecolacidae from China with a new Myrmecolax species and a checklist of Chinese twisted-wing parasite (Insecta: Strepsiptera)." Zootaxa 5646, no. 4 (2025): 562–74. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.4.5.

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Myrmecolacidae is a poorly documented family of Strepsiptera in China, previously only three specimens were gathered from this country. In this study, we describe Myrmecolax aranealis sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, southwestern China, after nearly 40-years hiatus. The new species can be distinguished by: (1) comparatively large body size (2.0 mm), (2) an exceptionally slender flabellum on antennomere III that extends nearly to the apex of antennomere VII, and (3) distinct hindwing venation. In addition, an updated checklist of Chinese Strepsiptera, and a revised taxonomic key to Asian Myrmecol

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Quintos-Andrade, Gerardo, and Jorge E. Valenzuela-González. "First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)." Zootaxa 5514, no. 2 (2024): 157–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4.

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Quintos-Andrade, Gerardo, Valenzuela-González, Jorge E. (2024): First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Zootaxa 5514 (2): 157-168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4

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Makino, S., Y. Yamaura, and H. Yamauchi. "Smaller nests of the hornet Vespa analis (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) are more severely affected by the strepsipteran parasite Xenos moutoni (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) than are larger nests." Insectes Sociaux 57, no. 1 (2009): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00040-009-0057-6.

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Móczár, László, and György Sziráki. "Observation of high degree stylopization of European paper wasp – Polistes dominula (Christ, 1791) in Hungary." Natura Somogyiensis, no. 19 (2011): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24394/natsom.2011.19.229.

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Altough the paper wasp Polistes dominula is a well known host of Xenos vesparum in many European countries, in Hungary it was observed in 1993 at first occasion. The documentation of this observation – with illustration by photographs – is performed in present paper. 5 of the 30 examined wasps were stylopized, and these 5 exemplars were parasitized by 18 strepsipteran specimens. Some details of behaviour of the parasite and host insect are discussed also.

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TORRES, VIVIANA DE OLIVEIRA, EVA RAMONA PEREIRA SOARES, LUAN DIAS LIMA, SANDRO MARCIO LIMA, LUIS HUMBERTO DA CUNHA ANDRADE, and WILLIAM FERNANDO ANTONIALLI-JUNIOR. "Morphophysiological and cuticular chemical alterations caused by Xenos entomophagus endoparasites in the social wasp Polistes ferreri (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)." Parasitology 143, no. 14 (2016): 1939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016001529.

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SUMMARYSocial wasps can face many challenges during their colony cycle, including the presence of parasites. The order Strepsiptera is among the main parasites of the wasp genus Polistes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an endoparasite species on the host Polistes ferreri, with the hypothesis that females of this social wasp would undergo morphophysiological alterations as well as changes in their cuticular chemical profile caused by the obligate endoparasite. On average, parasitism was found in 10% of the colonies studied. All the parasitized females showed filamentous ova

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Hughes, D. P., L. Beani, S. Turillazzi, and J. Kathirithamby. "Prevalence of the parasite Strepsiptera in Polistes as detected by dissection of immatures." Insectes Sociaux 50, no. 1 (2003): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000400300010.

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Jandausch, Kenny, Jan Michels, Alexander Kovalev, et al. "Have female twisted-wing parasites (Insecta: Strepsiptera) evolved tolerance traits as response to traumatic penetration?" PeerJ 10 (August 16, 2022): e13655. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13655.

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Traumatic insemination describes an unusual form of mating during which a male penetrates the body wall of its female partner to inject sperm. Females unable to prevent traumatic insemination have been predicted to develop either traits of tolerance or of resistance, both reducing the fitness costs associated with the male-inflicted injury. The evolution of tolerance traits has previously been suggested for the bed bug. Here we present data suggesting that tolerance traits also evolved in females of the twisted-wing parasite species Stylops ovinae and Xenos vesparum. Using micro-indentation ex

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Kathirithamby, Jeyaraney, Steve Simpson, Takis Solulu, and Rob Caudwell. "Strepsiptera parasites- novel biocontrol tools for oil palm integrated pest management in Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Pest Management 44, no. 3 (1998): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096708798228211.

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Hughes, D. P., J. Kathirithamby, and L. Beani. "Prevalence of the parasite Strepsiptera in adult Polistes wasps: field collections and literature overview." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 16, no. 4 (2004): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2004.9522627.

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Kathirithamby, Jeyaraney, and Stewart B. Peck. "STREPSIPTERA OF SOUTH FLORIDA AND THE BAHAMAS WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF CORIOXENIDAE." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 1 (1994): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126125-1.

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AbstractEight species of Strepsiptera have been reported so far from Florida, but none from the Bahamas. This study reports five species from southern subtropical Florida, and one species from Andros Island, the Bahamas. Of these, Floridoxenos monroensis gen.nov., sp.nov. Kathirithamby and Peck (Corioxenidae: Corioxeninae) is described and added to the subfamily Corioxeninae based on the 4-segmented tarsi without claws; Strichotrema beckeri (Oliveira and Kogan) (Myrmecolacidae) of Brazil is reported from the United States for the first time; a second record for Elenchus koebelei Pierce (Elench

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McMahon, Dino P., Alexander Hayward, and Jeyaraney Kathirithamby. "The mitochondrial genome of the 'twisted-wing parasite' Mengenilla australiensis (Insecta, Strepsiptera): a comparative study." BMC Genomics 10, no. 1 (2009): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-603.

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Maeta, Yasuo, Kimitaka Takahashi, and Norihide Shimada. "Host body size as a factor determining the egg complement of Strepsiptera, an insect parasite." International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 27, no. 1 (1998): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7322(97)00033-0.

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Straka, Jakub, Abdulaziz Alqarni, Katerina Juzova, Mohammed Hannan, Ismael Hinojosa-Díaz, and Michael Engel. "Rediscovered parasitism of Andrena savignyi Spinola (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) by Stylops (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) and revised taxonomic status of the parasite." ZooKeys 519 (September 1, 2015): 117–39. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.6035.

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Parasitism of Andrena (Suandrena) savignyi Spinola (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) by Stylops Kirby (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) has been recorded only once, and from an individual collected in Egypt almost a century ago, with the parasite described as Stylops savignyi Hofeneder. The recent rediscovery of this Stylops from an individual of A. savignyi permits a reinterpretation of the species and its affinities among other Stylops. The bee was collected at flowers of Zilla spinosa (Turra) Prantl. (Brassicaceae) in Amariah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Based on DNA barcode sequences from material s

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Hrabar, M., A. Danci, S. McCann, P. W. Schaefer, and G. Gries. "New findings on life history traits of Xenos peckii (Strepsiptera: Xenidae)." Canadian Entomologist 146, no. 5 (2014): 514–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2013.85.

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AbstractWe studied life history traits of Xenos peckii Kirby (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), a little-known parasite of the paper wasp Polistes fuscatus (Fabricus) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in North America. We field-collected 24 wasp nests in early July 2012, isolated parasitised wasps, tracked life history events of X. peckii, and recorded such behaviour as emergence of males and mating by normal-speed and high-speed cinematography. To emerge, males first cut the puparium with their mandibles along an ecdysial suture line, and then push aside the pupal cap during emergence. The endoparasitic females

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Beani, Laura, Marta Mariotti Lippi, Nadia Mulinacci, et al. "Altered feeding behavior and immune competence in paper wasps: A case of parasite manipulation?" PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0242486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242486.

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Paper wasps (Polistes dominula), parasitized by the strepsipteran Xenos vesparum, are castrated and desert the colony to gather on plants where the parasite mates and releases primary larvae, thus completing its lifecycle. One of these plants is the trumpet creeper Campsis radicans: in a previous study the majority of all wasps collected from this plant were parasitized and focused their foraging activity on C. radicans buds. The unexpected prevalence and unusual feeding strategy prompted us to investigate the influence of this plant on wasp behavior and physiology through a multidisciplinary

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Carlos Henrique Marchiori. "Mutualistic relationship of the Agaonidae Family (Insecta: Hymenoptera) with Ficus sp. (Moraceae) contributing to diversity and sustainability in tropical forests." International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (2022): 001–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.2.0031.

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Species of the Family Agaonidae are associated with the genus Ficus , as the species of the subfamily Agaoninae behave as pollinators, while the other species are mainly parasites of pollinators or gall formers from other parts of the fig. The male's life cycle is exhausted inside the fig tree's syconium: its role is to mate with the female and, therefore, with its robust jaws, open an exit for her (it is the opposite of what happens among the Strepsiptera, in which the female never leaves the host). Once fertilized, the female will leave the host fig to lay eggs in other figs, thus completing

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DAPPORTO, L., A. CINI, E. PALAGI, M. MORELLI, A. SIMONTI, and S. TURILLAZZI. "Behaviour and chemical signature of pre-hibernating females of Polistes dominulus infected by the strepsipteran Xenos vesparum." Parasitology 134, no. 4 (2006): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182006001739.

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Polistes dominulus are social wasps which are the host of the strepsipteran endoparasite Xenos vesparum. In the hibernating phase, unparasitized and parasitized wasps leave natal nests and aggregate together in sheltered quarters. In aggregations, wasps are socially active, and some individuals perform helping behaviour. Here we investigated if castrated parasitized wasps perform worker tasks in mixed aggregations. Moreover, by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, we examined the cuticular hydrocarbons of unparasitized and parasitized wasps to evaluate if the infection alters the composit

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Knauthe, Pieter, Rolf Beutel, Thomas Hörnschemeyer, and Hans Pohl. "Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy sheds new light on the head anatomy of an extremely miniaturized insect larva (Strepsiptera)." Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 74 (September 21, 2016): 107–26. https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.74.e31842.

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Serial cross sections (80 nm) and an image stack (353 sections) of the head of the extremely miniaturized first instar larvae of Stylops ovinae (Stylopidae) were obtained with serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. This approach made it possible for the first time to reconstruct the head anatomy of a strepsipteran larva precisely, partly to cell level. The cephalic anatomy is described in detail, based on a 3D-reconstruction. It was possible to show the proportions of the exo- and endocuticle and the epidermis. Endoskeletal structures are the pharyngeal skeleton and the anterior tento

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Pohl, Hans, and Ragnar Kinzelbach. "First record of a female stylopid (Strepsiptera: ?Myrmecolacidae) parasite of a prionomyrmecine ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Baltic amber." Insect Systematics & Evolution 32, no. 2 (2001): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631201x00092.

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AbstractA female stylopid parasitising an ant of the genus Prionomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is described and illustrated from Baltic amber (Eocene, 39-50 million years old). This new fossil is tentatively considered as a plesiomorphic member of the Myrmecolacidae. Recent Myrmecolacidae parasitise dual hosts: males parasitise Formicidae, while females parasitise either Mantodea or Ensifera. This is the first record of a female stylopid parasitising Formicidae. The phylogenetic relationships of the Myrmecolacidae and the origin of their unique dual host relationship are discussed.

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Beani, L., D. Marchini, F. Cappa, et al. "Subtle effect of Xenos vesparum (Xenidae, Strepsiptera) on the reproductive apparatus of its male host: Parasite or parasitoid?" Journal of Insect Physiology 101 (August 2017): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.06.010.

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Beani, Laura, Romano Dallai, David Mercati, Federico Cappa, Fabiola Giusti, and Fabio Manfredini. "When a parasite breaks all the rules of a colony: morphology and fate of wasps infected by a strepsipteran endoparasite." Animal Behaviour 82, no. 6 (2011): 1305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.09.012.

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Gillespie, J. J., C. H. McKenna, M. J. Yoder, et al. "Assessing the odd secondary structural properties of nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences (18S) of the twisted-wing parasites (Insecta: Strepsiptera)." Insect Molecular Biology 14, no. 6 (2005): 625–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2005.00591.x.

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Engel, Michael, Jakub Straka, Abdulaziz Alqarni, Katerina Juzova, Mohammed Hannan, and Ismael Hinojosa-Díaz. "Rediscovered parasitism of Andrena savignyi Spinola (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) by Stylops (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) and revised taxonomic status of the parasite." ZooKeys 519 (September 1, 2015): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.6035.

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Makino, Shun'ichi, Mitsuhiro Kawashima, and Hajime Kosaka. "First record of occurrence of Xenos moutoni (Strepsiptera; Stylopidae), an important parasite of hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespa), in Korea." Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 14, no. 1 (2011): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2010.09.001.

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Zhang, Ru, Jun Li, Chuyang Mao, et al. "The mitochondrial genome of one ‘twisted-wing parasite’ Xenos cf. moutoni (Insecta, Strepsiptera, Xenidae) from Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest of China." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 6, no. 2 (2021): 512–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2021.1872443.

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