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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stress and magnetic heat treatment

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Academic literature on the topic 'Stress and magnetic heat treatment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 22 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

1

Sun, Jun Yan, and Jian Ming Tang. "Effects of Heat Treatment on the Magnetic Properties and Dimension Accuracy of Fe-12%Al Soft-Magnetism Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.572.

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Theoretical analysis and experiment all show that heat stress has effect on the accuracy of Fe-12%Al soft-magnetism alloy’s dimension after heat treatment and also heat treatment process has effect on magnetic property and also the stress caused by machining has effect on magnetic property. A kind of new method is proposed to improve the magnetic property and accuracy of dimension of soft-magnetism alloy after heat treatment, in which the first step is to perform half-finish machining on soft-magnetism alloy material and leave a one-side margin 0.05mm, and the second step is to perform heat treatment and then finish machining during which some degree of tolerance margin is required to be set if the requirement of magnetic property is satisfied and last step is to the renewing magnetism treatment. This method can guarantee the high accuracy of soft magnetism alloy’s dimension as well as can renew the lost of magnetic property by 75%-91% which will improve the passing rate by almost double.

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Li, Shaogang, Nachuan Ju, Jinyang Wang, Rongyu Zou, Shaochuan Lin, and Minghui Yang. "Microstructure and Magnetic Property Evolution Induced by Heat Treatment in Fe-Si/SiO2 Soft Magnetic Composites." Magnetochemistry 9, no. 7 (2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry9070169.

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SiO2 has been extensively studied as a superior insulating layer for innovative Fe-based soft magnetic composites (SMCs). During the preparation process of SMCs, appropriate heat treatment can effectively alleviate internal stress, reduce dislocation density, decrease coercivity, and enhance permeability. Maintaining the uniformity and integrity of SiO2 insulating layers during heat treatment is a challenging task. Hence, it is crucial to explore the heat-treatment process and its effects on the magnetic properties of SMCs and their insulating layers. Herein, Fe–Si/SiO2 particles were prepared using chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and Fe–Si/SiO2 SMCs having a core–shell heterostructure were synthesized through hot-press sintering, and investigations were conducted into how heat-treatment temperature affected the microstructure of SMCs. This study thoroughly investigated the relationship between the evolution of SiO2 insulating layers and the magnetic properties. Additionally, the impact of the heat-treatment time on the magnetic properties of Fe-Si/SiO2 SMCs was evaluated. The results showed that in the temperature range of 823–923 K, the core–shell heterostructures grew more homogeneous and uniform. Concurrently, the stress and defects inside the Fe-Si/SiO2 SMCs were eliminated. When the temperature was raised over 973 K, the core–shell heterostructure was disrupted, and SiO2 began to disperse. After following a heat-treatment process (923 K) lasting up to 60 min, the resulting SMCs had high resistivity (1.04 mΩ·cm), the lowest hysteresis loss (P10 mt/100 kHz of 344.3 kW/m3), high saturation magnetization (191.2 emu/g). This study presents a new technique for producing SMCs using ceramic oxide as insulating layers. This study also includes a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between microstructure, magnetic properties, and heat treatment process parameters. These findings are crucial in expanding the potential applications of ceramic oxide.

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Noipitak, Mai. "Stress Measurement in Carbon Steel by Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Technique." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.213.

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The Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) technique can evaluate the residual stresses in carbon steel and provide information about the relationship between residual stress level and MBN signal. This research work is based on the analysis of MBN signals obtained from carbon steel samples. ASTM A36 and A516 carbon steel were used to vary the residual stress by heat treatment process with 5 conditions: annealing, normalizing, quenching in oil, quenching in water and quenching in salt water. The microstructure and hardness of samples also were varied by these heat treatment processes. Twelve samples (including base materials) were cut to analyze the microstructure and hardness by the microscope and hardness testing machine. Reference materials from each condition were established to represent the MBN signals. The MBN technique was used to evaluate the residual stresses from heat treatment process on each reference material. Then each sample was prepared to tensile specimen. All specimens were applied static tension load below yield point. The load was increased at 25 N/mm2 (MPa) in increment. Each tensile stress level was measurement by MBN technique at 0 and 90 degree of direction of tension axis. The experimental results found that the MBN signal amplitude changed as the condition of heat treatment changed and the relationship between tensile stress and MBN signal showed linear correlation. This research is useful to understand and guide for establishing the reference materials for residual stress measurement by MBN technique.

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Yin, He Chi, Lan Zhou, Zhen Sheng Wang, and Chun Bo Cai. "Application of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise in the Evaluation of Heat Treatment Process." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1576.

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Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) is a new technique on non-destructive testing of residual stress. The testing system based on virtual instrument was explored. It can achieve the MBN and deal with it in time. The technique is applied to analyze residual stress in the welding line of iron materials back and forth the heat treatment. Through comparing with the data of blind-hole method, the corresponding change between Barkhausen signals and residual stress is verified.

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Baranov, S. A. "Dependence of magnetic properties of micro- and nanowires on stress and magnetic heat treatment." Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry 53, no. 1 (2017): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068375517010021.

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Wang, San Xing, Yu Ming Fu, Jian Long Guo, and Li Jun Huo. "The Influences of Alternating Magnetic Field to the Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Diamond Agglomerations." Advanced Materials Research 820 (September 2013): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.820.30.

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By numerical and experimental methods, heat alternating magnetic treatment of diamond agglomerations were researched, the microstructure and mechanical properties before and after treatment were also analysed comparatively. The numerical analysis shows: the alternating magnetic field stress is bound to make solid-state microstructure change, this intensified magnetic shock can broke dendrites and tangles organization within the organization and enables organization uniform, dense. The experiments indicate: After heat alternating magnetic treatment, the HRB hardness of test pieces matrix is improved 4.34, impact toughness enhanced more than 25%, matrix organization became uniformity and density. Results revealed that alternating magnetic treatment can be an effective method for improving the performance of the diamond agglomeration.

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Iwami, Yoshio, Yasuo Okazaki, and Akihiko Saito. "Stress-magnetization change in amorphous ribbon due to magnetic field heat treatment." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 13, no. 1-4 (2002): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-2002-319.

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Skulkina, Nadezhda A., Oleg A. Ivanov, Elena A. Stepanova, and Irina O. Pavlova. "Magnetic Properties of Rapidly Quenched Ribbons of Soft Magnetic Iron-Based Alloys after Annealing in Air and in Vacuum." Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (July 2015): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.255.

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The physical reasons of influence of heat treatment in vacuum and air on magnetic properties of ribbon’s of amorphous soft magnetic iron-based alloys were investigated. It is shown that the heat treatment in the air contributes to retrieve the status of a material with lower specific magnetic losses. The reason for this is the formation during annealing of increased concentration along the axis of the ribbon of embedded in the surface atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. In this direction induced pseudo-uniaxial tensile stress, contributing to the reduction of the period of the domain structure and the speed of domain walls motion in the process of magnetization reversal.

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Vasic, M. M., A. S. Kalezic-Glisovic, R. Milincic, et al. "Influence of mechanical activation and heat treatment on magnetic properties of nanostructured mixture Ni85.8Fe10.6Cu2.2W1.4." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 55, no. 1 (2019): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb180809004v.

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The mechanical activation of the Ni85.8Fe10.6Cu2.2W1.4 powder mixture in the time intervals of 30-210 min in combination with thermal treatment at 393-873 K resulted in microstructural changes, forming the nanostructured mixture of the same composition but improved magnetic properties. The best result were achieved for mechanical activation during 120 min and thermal treatment at temperatures close to the Curie temperature (693K), enhancing the mass magnetization of the starting powder mixture by about 57%. The microstructural changes, which include the structural relaxation, decrease in free volume, density of dislocation and microstrain, improve structural characteristics of material, enabling better mobility of walls of magnetic domains and their better orientation in applied magnetic field and consequently enabling better mass magnetization of the material. With longer time of milling, the growing stress introduced in the sample undergoes easier relief, relocating stress-relieving processes toward lower temperatures.

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Xue, Zhiyong, Xuesong Li, Sajad Sohrabi, Yu Ren, and Weihua Wang. "Magnetic Properties in Finemet-Type Soft Magnetic Toroidal Cores Annealed under Radial Stresses." Metals 10, no. 1 (2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010122.

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Applying tensile stresses on straight soft magnetic ribbons before core fabrication is a routine method of inducing magnetic anisotropy, while methods of stress annealing of ribbons after core winding are seldom explored. In this study, we utilize a novel approach to induce magnetic anisotropy by applying radial stresses on tape-wound cores of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu3Nb1 (at. %) ribbon during crystallization heat treatment. The results show that while stress annealing does not change the structural characteristics of annealed samples, the magnetic anisotropies induced can increase to values ~3–5 times larger than the sample annealed in the absence of external stress. This increase in magnetic anisotropy energy is associated with ~25–50% decrease of magnetic inductance in the treated cores. These results suggest that the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys can be effectively tuned by applying radial stresses.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

1

Barlow, D. "Stress relief cracking in A533B and A508C1 2 pressure vessel steels." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233221.

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Su, Lan. "Effects of post-harvest treatment and heat stress on the antioxidant properties of wheat." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3864.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Hailer, Benjamin Thomas. "Effect of Heat Treatment on Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of an Iron-Cobalt-Vanadium-Niobium Alloy." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32135.

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Iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys can be processed to have excellent soft magnetic properties for use in high performance power generation applications such as the rotors and stators of aircraft integrated power units. These soft magnetic properties are, however, developed at the expense of mechanical strength and toughness. Small additions of niobium are reported to increase the strength of these Fe-Co-V alloys. This study evaluates the effects of heat treatment on the mechanical and magnetic properties of heavily cold work strip of a 48 wt.% iron-48 wt.% cobalt-2 wt.% vanadium alloy with a 0.3 wt.% addition of niobium. For heat treatments between 640 and 740Â°C for 1 hour the tensile and yield strengths and ductility of the alloy were all found to be superior to a similar alloy found in the literature without the addition of Nb and processed in a similar manner. Magnetic permeability, remnant induction, saturation induction, coercivity and core loss were only slightly degraded at all annealing temperatures when compared with the non-niobium containing alloy. All properties were shown to depend primarily on degree of recrystallization of the sample, which was found to fully recrystallize between 720 and 740 Â°C for 1 hour anneals. No significant change in measured properties were found when annealing time was increased to 2 hours. Full recrystallization was observed for samples annealed for as short of times as 10 minutes at 800 Â°C.<br>Master of Science

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Sedighi, Mohammad. "Modelling the influence of manufacturing parameters on variation of residual stresses in quenched parts." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262815.

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Bender, Robert William. "The Effects of Passive Heat Stress on Muscle Fatigue and Intracortical Excitability of the Wrist Flexors." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1307493073.

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Poole, Warren J., B. Raeisinia, X. Wang, and D. J. Lloyd. "A model for predicting the yield stress of AA6111 after multi-step heat treatments." Springer, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/398.

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A model has been developed to predict the yield stress of the aluminum alloy AA6111 after multi-step heat treatments which involve combinations of ambient temperature ageing and high temperature artificial ageing. The model framework follows the internal state variable framework where the two principal state variables are i) the volume fraction of clusters which form at ambient temperature and ii) the volume fraction of metastable phases which form during high temperature ageing. The evolution of the these state variables has modeled using a set of coupled differential equations. The mechanical response (the yield stress) is then formulated in terms of the state variables through an appropriate flow stress addition law. To test the model predictions a series of experiments were conducted which examined two scenarios for multi-step heat treatments. In general, good agreement was observed between the model predictions and the experimental results. However, for the case where a short thermal excursion at 250oC was applied immediately after the solution treatment, the results were not satisfactory. This can be understood in terms of the importance of the temperature dependence for the nucleation density of metastable precipitates.

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Khalil, Heidi F. "Changes in the mechanical behavior of Nitinol following variations of heat treatment duration and temperature." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31852.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Gall, Kenneth; Committee Member: McDowell, David; Committee Member: Thadhani, Naresh. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Carlson, Mark. "Post-Exercise Responses During Treatment Delays do not Affect the Physiological Responses to Cooling in Cold Water in Hyperthermic Individuals." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24392.

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Victims of exertional heat stroke (EHS) in whom treatment is delayed have higher rates of multi-organ failure and a greater number of fatalities. Death related to EHS is preventable, through immediate treatment via cold-water immersion (CWI). To date little is known about the influence of treatment delays on core cooling following EHS. Thus we sought to examine the effects of treatment delays on cardiovascular and thermal responses prior to, during, and following CWI treatment in individuals with exercise-induced hyperthermia. Our findings demonstrate that treatment delays resulted in a sustained level of hyperthermia and cardiovascular strain that significantly increased the time an individual is at risk to the potential lethal effects of EHS. Moreover, we report that cold water immersion treatment is powerful enough to overcome the adverse effects of treatment delays and rapidly reduce core temperatures while facilitating the re-establishment of blood pressure towards normal resting levels.

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Gonzalez-Mendez, Jose Luis. "Prediction of Geometric Distortions and Residual Stresses on Heat Treated Hot Rolled Rings." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322064630.

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Steffenburg-Nordenström, Joachim. "Process chain simulation of forming, welding and heat treatment of Alloy 718." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Forskningsmiljön produktionsteknik(PTW), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-10917.

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Manufacturing of aero engine components requires attention to residual stress and final shape of the product in order to meet high quality product standards.This sets very high demands on involved manufacturing steps to meet design requirements. Simulation of manufacturing processes can therefore be animportant tool to contribute to quality assurance.The focus in this work is on simulation of a manufacturing process chain comprising of sheet metal forming, welding and a stress relief heat treatment.Simulation of sheet metal forming can be used to design a forming tool design that accounts for the material behaviour, e.g. spring back, and avoid problems such as wrinkling, thinning and cracking. Moreover, the simulation can also show how the material is stretched and work hardened. The residual stresses after forming may be of local character or global depending on the shape that is formed. However, the heat affected zone due to welding is located near the weld.The weld also causes large residual stresses with the major component along the weld. It is found that the magnitude of the residual stresses after welding is affected by remaining stresses from the previous sheet metal forming. The final stress relieve treatment will relax these residual stresses caused by e.g. forming and welding. However, this causes additional deformations.The main focus of this study is on how a manufacturing process step affects the subsequent step when manufacturing a component of the nickel-based super alloy 718. The chosen route and geometry is a simplified leading edge of an exhaust case guide vane. The simulations were validated versus experiments. The computed deformations were compared with measurements after each manufacturing step. The overall agreement between experiments and measurement was good. However, not sufficiently accurate considering the required tolerance of the component. It was found from simulations that the residual stresses after each process affects the subsequent step. After a complete manufacturing process chain which ends with a stress relief heat treatment the residual stresses were not negligible. VIII Special experiments were performed for studying the stress relief in order to understand how the stresses evolve through the heat treatment cycle during relaxation. It was found that the stresses were reduced already during the beginning of the heating up sequence due to decreasing Young´s modulus and yield stress with increasing temperature. Relaxation due to creep starts when a certain temperature was reached which gave a permanent stress relief.

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Books on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

1

Josipovic, Stanislas. Heat stress: Causes, treatment and prevention. Nova Science Publishers, 2012.

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Fletcher, A. J. Thermal stress and strain generation in heat treatment. Elsevier Applied Science, 1989.

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3

Bernshteĭn, Mark Lʹvovich. Termicheskai͡a︡ obrabotka stalʹnykh izdeliĭ v magnitnom pole. "Mashinostroenie", 1987.

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4

Schreiner, Alexander. Heat treatment processes for the reduction of wear in vehicle components. Mechanical Engineering Publications, 1991.

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5

Perttula, Juha. Physical simulation of hot working: Measurements of flow stress and recrystallization kinetics. Oulun yliopisto, 1998.

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6

N, Shenoy R., and Langley Research Center, eds. Microstructural characterization of aluminum-lithium alloys 1460 and 2195. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1998.

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N, Shenoy R., and Langley Research Center, eds. Microstructural characterization of aluminum-lithium alloys 1460 and 2195. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1998.

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Kikō, Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban. Fukuzatsu keijōbu kiki haikan kenzensei jisshō (IAF) jigyō: Yōsetsu zanryū ōryoku kaiseki hyōka dēta-shū : yōsetsugo netsushori (PWHT) o ukeru izai yōsetsubu no moderu-ka = Project of integrity assessment of flawed components with structural discontinuity (IAF) : data book for residual stress analysis in weld joint : analysis model of dissimilar metal weld joint applied post weld heat treatment (PWHT). Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban Kikō, 2012.

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Clark, Caroline, Jeffrey Cole, Christine Winter, and Geoffrey Grammer. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190205959.003.0005.

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Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often fail to resolve with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, or integrative medicine treatments. Given these limitations, there is a continued push to discover treatment methods utilizing novel mechanisms of action. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) offers a non-invasive and safe method of brain stimulation that modulates neuronal activity in a focal area to achieve excitation or inhibition, and may have utility for patients suffering from PTSD, although, to date, evidence of efficacy is limited. The TMS treatment can be varied to suit the needs of the patient by altering the selection of the specific treatment parameters, such as pulse frequency or stimulation intensity. The weight of evidence to date supports treatment of either the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or the medical prefrontal cortex. Coupling treatment with script based exposure therapies may also assist with potentiation of the extinction response. Ultimately, stimulation parameters may be related to secondary downstream effects, and thus current targets may indirectly reverse the underlying neuronal pathophysiology. Given that PTSD is a complex illness with a poorly understood pathophysiology, it often exists with other psychiatric comorbidities or TBI. As such, TMS could be an effective part of a comprehensive treatment program.

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Bartesch, G., K. H. Heck, R. Hoffman, et al. Heat Treatment Processes for the Reduction of Wear in Vehicle Components. Wiley, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

1

Karkori, Fidaa. "Treatment of Heat Stress Injuries." In Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51667-2_22.

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Nagao, R. T. "The Heat Shock Response in Plants: Short-Term Heat Treatment Regimes and Thermotolerance." In Environmental Stress in Plants. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73163-1_30.

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Zhang, Y., C. He, X. Zhao, et al. "Rapid Full Annealing under High Magnetic Field." In Solid State Transformation and Heat Treatment. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527604839.ch13.

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Huang, Haihong, Zhengchun Qian, and Zhifeng Liu. "Characterization of Heat Residual Stress During Repair." In Metal Magnetic Memory Technique and Its Applications in Remanufacturing. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1590-0_9.

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Zhang, Xuexi, and Mingfang Qian. "Preparation and Heat Treatment of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloy Microwires." In Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6336-9_4.

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Spaeth, J. M. "Magnetic Resonance of Heat Treatment Centres in Silicon." In Early Stages of Oxygen Precipitation in Silicon. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0355-5_5.

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Javed, Yasir, Khuram Ali, and Yasir Jamil. "Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment: Factors Affecting Heat Generation Efficiency." In Complex Magnetic Nanostructures. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52087-2_11.

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Faugère, M. P., M. Crespin, P. Dion, F. Bergaya, A. Feylessoufi, and H. Van Damme. "Influence of Heat Treatment Kinetics on Calcium Silicate Hydrates Phase Evolution." In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Cement-Based Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80432-8_16.

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Hoła, Jerzy, and Andrzej Pszonka. "The Influence of Heat Treatment on Stress-Evoked Destruction in Concrete." In Brittle Matrix Composites 3. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3646-4_6.

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Santisteban, J. R., L. Fernández, H. Corso, et al. "Post-Weld Heat Treatment Stress Relaxation in Zircaloy 4 Plasma Welds." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-414-6.491.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

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Al-Dhafiri, Saad, Fahad Al-Otaibi, Ravi M. Gupta, Thammer Al-Ansari, and Laxma Reddy Kethireddy. "Challenges in Detectability of Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steels in Gas Sweetening Plant." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05888.

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Abstract Acid gas sweetening plants use various amine solvents (namely primary, secondary and tertiary) to selectively remove impurities such as Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and or Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from natural gas. Amine stress corrosion cracking(ASCC), in addition to wet H2S damage mechanisms, is a known cracking degradation in the gas sweetening plants. Often, its detectability is questionable even with advance non-destructive examination (NDE) techniques like wet fluorescent magnetic particle testing (WFMPT) and Phased array. The paper describes cracking phenomenon in lean Diethanolamine (DEA) exchangers made of carbon steel with post weld heat treatment and challenges to detection.

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Miller, C. F., and E. J. Sperling. "Crack Inspection of Sour and Amine Service Vessels in Hydrocarbon Production Operations." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92044.

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Abstract In 1989, Amoco Production Company initiated an internal inspection program to detect cracking in sour and amine service pressure vessels. Vessels inspected in oil and gas production facilities included inlet separation, amine sweetening, liquid recovery and dehydration units. The results of 562 inspections are discussed. Wet fluorescent magnetic particle testing (WFMT) of welds revealed environmental stress cracking in 13% of the vessels. This sensitive technique also detected manufacturing related cracking and/or defects in an additional 35% of the vessels. The effects of type of steel, age of vessel, heat treatment, fabrication practices, and service conditions on the incidence rate of cracking are presented. Changes in specifications to minimize the likelihood of cracking of newly constructed vessels are reviewed.

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Fan, Dingge, Xiongxi Zhao, Jian Zhang, and Jiantang Jiang. "Residual Stress and Precipitation Behavior during Heat Treatment of FGH96 Alloy." In QDE 2025. ASM International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.qde2025p0141.

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Abstract The impact of heat treatment on residual stress and precipitation behavior in FGH96 alloy was investigated. Results obtained from the contour method for evaluating residual stress in FGH96 alloy demonstrate that aging conducted at 760°C enhances mechanical properties and reduces residual stress levels.

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Shargay, Cathy, Karly Moore, and John W. Wodarcyk. "Heat Treatment Issues on Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger Tubes." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09338.

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Abstract Proper heat treatment on stainless steel (SS) heat exchanger tubes is very important to obtain the expected stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion resistance of the material. This paper will discuss three recent issues that have arisen on this topic. The first issue involves a review of whether 321 SS twisted tubes required heat treatment after twisting, and the results of chloride SCC tests are presented. The second issue summarizes a review of whether heat treatment of duplex SS u-bends is or is not beneficial. Case histories where heat treating of bends contributed to in-service failures are highlighted. The third issue discusses the pros and cons between furnace and electric resistance heat treatment for austenitic SS U-bends.

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Kolts, Juri. "Heat Treatment and Environmental Embrittlement of High-Performance Alloys." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86407.

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Abstract The selection of materials for use in specific geothermal environments is often made on the basis of stress corrosion cracking or hydrogen embrittlement resistance. This paper will discuss the effect of various heat treatments of selected alloys on the resulting properties. The heat-treatment parameters include precipitation hardening and annealing prior to cold working. The data demonstrate that composition plays a major role in establishing environmental embrittlement resistance. Aging above temperatures around 1300° to 1400°F improves hydrogen embrittlement resistance of a number of alloys. The stress corrosion cracking resistance of Alloy 718 and Alloy No. R-41 are reduced by precipitation-hardening heat treatments.

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Jacobs, A. J. "Heat Treatment as a Potential Preventive Measure against IASCC." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90505.

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Abstract Various high-temperature solution annealing treatments were explored as potential prevention measures against irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) of Type 304SS. The HNO3/Cr+6 corrosion test was used to measure the effectiveness of the high-temperature heat treatments, since the results of this test can be correlated with IASCC susceptibility. Corrosion rate was found to decrease with increasing solution annealing temperature in the range from 2200°F (1204°C) to 2400°F (1316°C). The same low corrosion rate shown by high-purity Type 304SS could be achieved using appropriate temperature-time combinations.

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Sugimoto, Tsuyoshi, and Kouki Hata. "Quenching Distortion Simulation Considered with Residual Stress from Machining." In QDE 2025. ASM International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.qde2025p0016.

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Abstract This study derived the mechanism by which previous processing processes affect heat treatment quality, especially “variation in deformation,” and clarified a method for predicting it using heat treatment simulations. We investigated the metal structure and residual stress at the completion of machining for a round bar and performed a heat treatment deformation simulation with this in mind and were able to reproduce the heat treatment deformation.

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Thompson, J. J., and V. S. Agarwala. "A Heat Treatment for Reducing Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibilities in 7XXX Al Alloys." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86204.

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Abstract The recently developed retrogression and reaging (RRA) heat treatments have been applied to redress the trade-off between strength and corrosion resistance in 7000 series aluminum alloys. So far they have been applied to thin and small sample sizes with some success. In this study a modified RRA treated material was found to show significant improvement in both the exfoliation and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistances, with only a minimal loss in yield strength compared to its T6 temper. Comparative SEM and TEM analyses of their fracture mode were made. A model has been proposed to explain the differences in their microstructures and marked differences in SCC susceptibilities.

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Chimbli, Krishna. "Post Weld Heat Treatment of Oilfield 13Cr Stainless Steels." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20919.

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Abstract Type 13Cr martensitic stainless steels are widely used for threaded and coupled oilfield casing and tubing because of their resistance to corrosion by dissolved carbon dioxide and their cost advantage over most other corrosion-resistant alloys. However, 13Cr used for welded downhole components requires careful planning. Their high hardenability creates a hard heat-affected zone microstructure, which must be tempered by post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) to recover the alloy’s limited resistance to sulfide stress cracking. At the same time, the relatively high strength of downhole 13Cr stainless steel grades (80 to 110 ksi specified minimum yield strength) requires tempering temperatures that limit the maximum PWHT temperature that can be applied without compromising the material’s strength. This publication presents welding procedure qualification of 13Cr grades and experimental work performed to determine how PWHT affects the yield strength of 13Cr grades. Methods are described for establishing a suitable PWHT time and temperature for these alloys.

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Paul, Larry, and Curtis Prothe. "Effect of Heat Treatment on Nickel Alloy Clad Plates." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05680.

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Abstract The chemical process industries use a variety of equipment which sometimes requires the use of clad plates. These clad plates use carbon or low-alloy steel for the main structural or pressure-containing load bearing requirements and are clad on one side with a corrosion resistant material. These plates can be bonded through either high temperature roll bonding or by explosion cladding. After the cladding process a heat treatment is required to stress relieve the carbon or low-alloy steel and is required by either application requirements or by design code (such as ASME). Heat treating the clad plates will have an effect on the corrosion resistant clad layer and needs to also be considered. This paper will focus on the heat treat requirements of various substrate materials and how these impact nickel alloys used for the corrosion resistant clad layers. The use of standard laboratory corrosion tests to verify the corrosion resistance of the clad layer after heat treating is also reviewed here.

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Reports on the topic "Stress and magnetic heat treatment"

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Clapham. L52206 3D Details of Defect-Induced MFL and Stress in Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011358.

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The following report represents a continuation of our ongoing efforts to understand and quantify the effect of stress on MFL signals from oil and gas transmission line inspection tools. Earlier GRI funding has enabled us to develop an unprecedented understanding of stress effects on magnetic behaviour in pipeline steels, and this understanding is now further enhanced and applied to specific problems such as MFL signals from interacting defects and also MFL signals produced from mechanical damage. This report summarizes the result of the 2002 studies. These studies focused on 3 main areas: MFL signals from interacting defects � examined how magnetic behaviour is altered when two pits are sufficiently close that their stress and magnetization fields interact. This produces MFL signal effects that differ from those of isolated defects. MFL signal dependence on elastic, plastic and residual strain � this continues our fundamental investigation into stress effects. By combining applied uniaxial strain and stress-relief heat treatments, we have been able to show how magnetic behaviour and MFL signals respond to different types of deformation. Specifically, we have found the elastic deformation has a significant effect, but that plastic deformation does not. This is a fundamental result on which our further modeling and experimental studies are based. MFL signals from mechanical damage � this is the first year we have turned our attention to this specific area, however our earlier results have laid the groundwork for these studies. MFL signals from dents contain geometry and stress components. We have conducted experimental and finite element modeling studies of MFL signals from dented samples, and have shown that the MFL signal from shallow dents arises from the residual stress pattern, while severe dent signals are mainly related to dent geometry. This work forms the main part of a continuing study.

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Beckermann, Christoph, and Kent Carlson. Simulation of Distortion and Residual Stress Development During Heat Treatment of Steel Castings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1022073.

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Ludtka, Gerard Michael. Heat Treatment of Iron-Carbon Alloys in a Magnetic Field (Phase 2). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1410924.

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AUNG, May Phyo, Mikihito HIROHATA, and Yasuo KITANE. IMPROVEMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESS ON GUSSET WELDED JOINTS BY HEAT TREATMENT WITH INDUCTION HEATING. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.137.

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Hansen, Peter J., Zvi Roth, and Jeremy J. Block. Improving oocyte competence in dairy cows exposed to heat stress. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598163.bard.

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Original Objectives. The overall goal is to develop methods to increase pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress through methods that minimize damage to the oocyte and embryo caused by heat stress. Objectives were as follows: (1) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) test whether melatonin feeding can improve developmental competence of oocytes in vivo and, if so, whether effects are limited to the summer or also occur in the absence of heat stress; and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of improving fertility by facilitating follicular turnover in the summer and winter. Revised Objectives. (1) Examine protective effects of melatonin and follicular fluid on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of embryos exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (3) evaluate effectiveness of improving fertility by administering human chorionicgonadotropin (hCG) to increase circulating concentrations of progesterone and evaluate whether response to hCG depends upon genotype for four mutations reported to be related to cow fertility; and (4) identify genes with allelic variants that increase resistance of embryos to heat shock. Background. The overall hypothesis is that pregnancy success is reduced by heat stress because of damage to the oocyte and cleavage-stage embryo mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that fertility can be improved by provision of antioxidants or by removing follicles containing oocytes damaged by heat stress. During the study, additional evidence from the literature indicated the potential importance of treatment with chorionicgonadotropin to increase fertility of heat- stressed cows and results from other studies in our laboratories implicated genotype as an important determinant of cow fertility. Thus, the project was expanded to evaluate hCG treatment and to identify whether fertility response to hCG depended upon single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes implicated as important for cow fertility. We also evaluated whether a SNP in a gene important for cellular resistance to heat stress (HSPA1L, a member of the heat shock protein 70 family) is important for embryonic resistance to elevated temperature. Major conclusions, solutions & achievements. Results confirmed that elevated temperature increases ROS production by the oocyte and embryo and that melatonin decreases ROS. Melatonin reduced, but did not completely block, damaging effects of heat shock on the oocyte and had no effect on development of the embryo. Melatonin was protective to the oocyte at 0.1-1 μM, a concentration too high to be achieved in cows. It was concluded that melatonin is unlikely to be a useful molecule for increasing fertility of heat-stressed cows. Treatment with hCG at day 5 after breeding increased first-service pregnancy rate for primiparous cows but not for multiparous cows. Thus, hCG could be useful for increasing fertility in first-parity cows. The effectiveness of hCG depended upon genotype for a SNP in COQ9, a gene encoding for a mitochondrial-function protein. This result points the way to future efforts to use genetic information to identify populations of cows for which hormone treatments will be effective or ineffective. The SNP in HSPA1L was related to embryonic survival after heat shock. Perhaps, genetic selection for mutations that increase cellular resistance to heat shock could be employed to reduce effects of heat stress on fertility. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. This project has resulted in abandonment of one possible approach to improve fertility of the heat-stressed cow (melatonin therapy) while also leading to a method for improving fertility of primiparous cows exposed to heat stress (hCG treatment) that can be implemented on farms today. Genetic studies have pointed the way to using genetic information to 1) tailor hormonal treatments to cow populations likely to respond favorably and 2) select animals whose embryos have superior resistance to elevated body temperatures.

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Benedict, Lorin X., Daniel Aberg, Per Soderlind, Babak Sadigh, and Markus Daene. Search For a Consistent Mean-Field Treatment of Magnetic Properties of Yittrium-Cobalt-5 Under Moderate Hydrostatic Stress. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239177.

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Author, Unknown. PR-185-9331-R01 Stress Relief of Piping Welds in Compressor Stations - 1994. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011448.

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Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) of welded joints is carried out for the following three reasons: (1) Improve the fracture toughness of the welded joint (2) Reduce welding residual stresses (3) Reduce heat-affected zone (HAZ) hardness. The objective of this work is to assess the need for PWHT at typical compressor stations.

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Author, Unknown. PR-185-9331-R02 Stress Relief of Piping Welds in Compressor Stations - 1995. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011449.

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Stress relief of compressor station piping welds is specified under widely differing circumstances by different pipeline companies. This project examines the utility of requirements for stress relief by post-weld heat treatment (PWH1], particularly for prevention of fatigue fracture.

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Hansen, Peter J., and Zvi Roth. Use of Oocyte and Embryo Survival Factors to Enhance Fertility of Heat-stressed Dairy Cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697105.bard.

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The overall goal was to identify survival factors that can improve pregnancy success following insemination or embryo transfer in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress. First, we demonstrated that oocytes are actually damaged by elevated temperature in the summer. Then we tested two thermoprotective molecules for their effect on oocyte damage caused by heat shock. One molecule, ceramide was not thermoprptective. Another, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF) reduced the effects of heat shock on oocyte apoptosis and oocyte cleavage when added during maturation. We also used lactating cows exposed to heat stress to determine whether bovine somatotropin (bST), which increases IGF1 levels in vivo, would improve fertility in summer. Cows treated with bST received a single injection at 3 days before insemination. Controls received no additional treatment. Treatment with bST did not significantly increase the proportion of inseminated cows diagnosed pregnant although it was numerically greater for the bST group (24.2% vs 17.8%, 124–132 cows per group). There was a tendency (p =0.10) for a smaller percent of control cows to have high plasma progesterone concentrations (≥ 1 ng/ml) at Day 7 after insemination than for bST-treated cows (72.6 vs 81.1%). When only cows that were successfully synchronized were considered, the magnitude of the absolute difference in the percentage of inseminated cows that were diagnosed pregnant between bST and control cows was reduced (24.8 vs 22.4% pregnant for bST and control). Results failed to indicate a beneficial effect of bST treatment on fertility of lactating dairy cows. In another experiment, we found a tendency for addition of IGF1 to embryo culture medium to improve embryonic survival after embryo transfer when the experiment was done during heat stress but not when the experiment was done in the absence of heat stress. Another molecule tested, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; also called colony-stimulating factor-2), improved embryonic survival in the absence of heat stress. We also examined whether heat shock affects the sperm cell. There was no effect of heat shock on sperm apoptosis (programmed cell death) or on sperm fertilizing ability. Therefore, effects of heat shock on sperm function after ejaculation if minimal. However, there were seasonal changes in sperm characteristics that indicates that some of the decrease in dairy cow fertility during the summer in Israel is due to using semen of inferior quality. Semen was collected from five representative bulls throughout the summer (August and September) and winter (December and January). There were seasonal differences in ion concentration in seminal plasma and in the mRNA for various ion channels known to be involved in acrosome reactions. Furthermore, the proportion of sperm cells with damaged acrosomes was higher in post-thaw semen collected in the summer than in its counterpart collected in winter (54.2 ± 3.5% vs. 51.4 ± 1.9%, respectively; P < 0.08Further examination is required to determine whether such alterations are involved in the low summer fertility of dairy cows.

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El Halawani, Mohamed, and Israel Rozenboim. Environmental factors affecting the decline in reproductive efficiency of turkey hens: Mediation by vasoactive intestinal peptide. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7696508.bard.

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Reproductive failure associated with heat stress is a well known phenomenon in avian species. Increased prolactin (PRL) levels in response to heat stress have been suggested as a mechanism involved in this reproductive malfunction. To test this hypothesis, laying female turkeys were subjected to 40°C for 12 h during the photo-phase daily or maintained at 24–26°C. Birds in each group received oral treatment with parachlorophenyalanine (PCPA; 50 mg/kg BW/day for 3 days), an inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) biosynthesis; or immunized against vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Both treatments are known to reduce circulating PRL levels. Non treated birds were included as controls. In the control group, high ambient temperature terminated egg laying, induced ovarian regression, reduced plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) and ovarian steroids (progesterone, testosterone, estradiol) levels, and increased plasma PRL levels and the incidence of incubation behavior. Pretreatment with PCPA reduced (P< 0.05) heat stress-induced decline in egg production, increase in PRL levels, and expression of incubation behavior. Plasma LH and ovarian steroid levels of heat stressed birds were restored to that of controls by PCPA treatment. As in PCPA-treated birds, VIP immunoneutralization of heat-stressed turkeys reduced (P< 0.05) circulating PRL levels and prevented the expression of incubation behavior. But it did not restore the decline in LH, ovarian steroids, and egg production (P> 0.05). The present findings indicate that the detrimental effect of high temperature on reproductive performance may not be related to the elevated PRL levels in heat-stressed birds but to mechanism(s) that involve 5-HT neurotransmission and the induction of hyperthermia.

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