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Academic literature on the topic 'Stress-protective effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

Novoseletskaya, A. V., N. M. Kiseleva, I. V. Zimina, et al. "Stress-Protective Effect of Thymic Peptides." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 158, no. 6 (2015): 753–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-015-2854-4.

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Mandava V. Rao, Mandava V. Rao, and Tapan A. Patel Tapan A. Patel. "Protective Effect of Curcumin on Mercuric Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (2011): 541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/169.

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Lilia, Boussouf, Boutennoun Hanane, Adjeroud Nawel, Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila, and Madani Khodir. "PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ALGERIAN SALVIA VERBENACA EXTRACT AGAINST INFLAMMATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS." Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 17, no. 1 (2023): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7579538.

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This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of polyphenolic extract of Salvia verbenaca L. using in vivo and in vitro models. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced mice paw edema method. The in vivo antioxidant effect of the extract was explored by measuring oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GSH and SOD) parameters. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed using protein denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. DPPH and hydrogen peroxide tests were used for the in vitro antioxidant evaluation. The highest percentage of edema inhibition was 75.03% at the concentration of 500 mg/kg. Significant increases (p˂0.05) in the activities of CAT, SOD, GSH and significant decreases in the MDA level activity were showed. The extract was found to possess an in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced protein denaturation and red blood cells membrane stabilization with the IC50 values of 133.21±0.89 and 160.62±1.60 μg/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated that extract exhibited high free radical scavenging activity as showed by the low IC50 values for DPPH (115.41±1.40 μg/mL) and for H2O2 (180.39±1.77 μg/mL) scavenging assays. Our findings suggest that Salvia verbenaca could be tested as a drug candidate against oxidative stress and inflammation diseases.

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Li, Xin, Di Zhang, Jun Xu, Jun Jiang, and Hongwei Jiang. "The protective effect of cold acclimation on the low temperature stress of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)." Horticultural Science 49, No. 1 (2022): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/62/2020-hortsci.

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This study compared the protective effect of cold acclimation on the cold tolerance in the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). The cold acclimation increased the sprouting rate and leaf expansion rate of the lotus by about 36% at 0 °C, and the cold acclimation could enhance the levels of the stress related osmolytes including higher proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents. The electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation level of the control samples increased significantly, but these indices did not change significantly in the cold acclimation group during low temperature stress. Furthermore, the cold acclimated rhizomes had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a more stable ROS homeostasis response to the low temperature stress. Some stress-related genes were significantly up-regulated after the cold acclimation, especially the antioxidase related genes (CAT1, GPX, APX and MSD) were up-regulated nearly five times higher than that of the control group at the 0 °C condition. Additionally, the ICE1-CBF-COR pathway was involved in the lotus cold acclimation process. These results suggested that cold acclimation can obviously improve the stress tolerance of the lotus by the stable ROS homeostasis, enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity, regulate the stress-related gene expression and alleviate the stress damage.

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Yokozawa, Takako, Eun Ju Cho, Chan Hum Park, and Ji Hyun Kim. "Protective Effect of Proanthocyanidin against Diabetic Oxidative Stress." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/623879.

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We investigated the antidiabetic potential of proanthocyanidin and its oligomeric form in STZ-induced diabetic model rats anddb/dbtype 2 diabetic mice. Proanthocyanidin ameliorated the diabetic condition by significant decreases of serum glucose, glycosylated protein, and serum urea nitrogen as well as decreases of urinary protein and renal-AGE in STZ-induced diabetic rats and decrease of serum glucose as well as significant decrease of glycosylated protein indb/dbtype 2 diabetic mice. The suppression of ROS generation and elevation of the GSH/GSSG ratio were also observed in the groups administered proanthocyanidin. Moreover, proanthocyanidin, especially its oligomeric form, affected the inflammatory process with the regulation of related protein expression, iNOS, COX-2 and upstream regulators, NF-κB, and the IκB-α. In addition, it had a marked effect on hyperlipidemia through lowering significant levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and NEFA. Moreover, expressions in the liver of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 were downregulated by the administration of proanthocyanidins. The protective effect against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in type 1 and 2 diabetic models was significantly strong in the groups administered the oligomeric rather than polymeric form. This suggests that oligomers act as a regulator in inflammatory reactions caused by oxidative stress in diabetes.

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Ning, Wanchen, Simin Li, Jokyab Tsering, et al. "Protective Effect of Triphala against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 7, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6674988.

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Background. Oxidative stress is implicated in the progression of many neurological diseases, which could be induced by various chemicals, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and acrylamide. Triphala is a well-recognized Ayurvedic medicine that possesses different therapeutic properties (e.g., antihistamine, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticariogenic effects). However, little information is available regarding the neuroprotective effect of Triphala on oxidative stress. Materials and Methods. An in vitro H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell model and an in vivo acrylamide-induced zebrafish model were established. Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation were examined by MTT assay, ELISA, and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. The molecular mechanism underlying the antioxidant activity of Triphala against H2O2 was investigated dose dependently by Western blotting. The in vivo neuroprotective effect of Triphala on acrylamide-induced oxidative injury in Danio rerio was determined using immunofluorescence staining. Results. The results indicated that Triphala plays a neuroprotective role against H2O2 toxicity in inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation. Furthermore, Triphala pretreatment suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MARK) signal pathway (p-Erk1/2, p-JNK1/2, and p-p38), whereas it restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase) in the H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Consistently, similar protective effects of Triphala were observed in declining neuroapoptosis and scavenging free radicals in the zebrafish central neural system, possessing a critical neuroprotective property against acrylamide-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion. In summary, Triphala is a promising neuroprotective agent against oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells and zebrafishes with significant antiapoptosis and antioxidant activities.

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Zlobin, Ilya, Elena Danilova, Ol’ga Murgan, et al. "Structurally Different Exogenic Brassinosteroids Protect Plants under Polymetallic Pollution via Structure-Specific Changes in Metabolism and Balance of Cell-Protective Components." Molecules 28, no. 5 (2023): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052077.

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Heavy metals and aluminum are among the most significant abiotic factors that reduce the productivity and quality of crops in acidic and contaminated soils. The protective effects of brassinosteroids containing lactone are relatively well-studied under heavy metal stress, but the effects of brassinosteroids containing ketone are almost unstudied. Moreover, there are almost no data in the literature on the protective role of these hormones under polymetallic stress. The aim of our study was to compare the stress-protective effects of lactone-containing (homobrassinolide) and ketone-containing (homocastasterone) brassinosteroids on the barley plant’s resistance to polymetallic stress. Barley plants were grown under hydroponic conditions; brassinosteroids, increased concentrations of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), and Al were added to the nutrient medium. It was found that homocastasterone was more effective than homobrassinolide in mitigating the negative effects of stress on plant growth. Both brassinosteroids had no significant effect on the antioxidant system of plants. Both homobrassinolide and homocastron equally reduced the accumulation of toxic metals (except for Cd) in plant biomass. Both hormones improved Mg nutrition of plants treated with metal stress, but the positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments was observed only for homocastasterone and not for homobrassinolide. In conclusion, the protective effect of homocastasterone was more prominent compared to homobrassinolide, but the biological mechanisms of this difference remain to be elucidated.

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Matsukawa, N., I. Kida, J. Ohta, et al. "THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF KLOTHO PROTEIN AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS." Journal of Hypertension 22, Suppl. 1 (2004): S186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-200402001-00792.

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Tatsunami, Ryosuke, Yu Murao, and Keisuke Sato. "Protective Effect of Epalrestat against Oxidative Stress-induced Cytotoxicity." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 140, no. 11 (2020): 1381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.20-00167.

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Çelik, Naime, Ayhan Vurmaz, and Ahmet Kahraman. "Protective effect of quercetin on homocysteine-induced oxidative stress." Nutrition 33 (January 2017): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.014.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

Panganiban, April Rose. "Task load and evaluative stress in a multiple UAV control simulation: The protective effect of executive functioning ability." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378215257.

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Maglara, Antonia. "An investigation of the role of oxidative stress and the potential protective effect glutamine supplementation in an animal model of systematic inflammation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269718.

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Kojima, Hiroshi. "Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells and exhibits functional and morphological protective effect in oxygen-induced retinopathy." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142077.

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Phang, Ing Chia. "Response of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to lead exposure." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4467.

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Lead (Pb) is one of the most commonly occurring, highly persistent and widely distributed heavy metal contaminants in the environment. It has a tendency to bioaccumulate in animals and plants, and potentially, it is able to enter the human food chain where it poses a hazard to public health. Generally, conventional remediation technologies applied to decontaminate heavy metals from groundwater and soils are very costly. Hence, phytoremediation has emerged as an ecologically friendly and economically attractive technology that uses green plants to clean up heavy metal contaminated sites. However, a lack of knowledge of the biological processes associated with plant responses to Pb (e.g. Pb uptake, accumulation, translocation, and tolerance) has been a bottleneck for the application of Pb phytoremediation in the field. A model genetic system of higher plants, Arabidopsis thaliana, was selected to further examine the physiological, biochemical and molecular events occuring in plants under Pb stress. The overall aim of this project was to obtain a better understanding of plant responses to Pb contaminants in the early developmental stages of A. thaliana seedlings. This research encompassed the physiological responses of A. thaliana seedlings to Pb exposure, monitoring their antioxidative defence systems, and investigating the participation of annexin 1 in the response to Pb-mediated oxidative stress. This research also assessed the protective effect of nitric oxide on Pb-induced toxicity of A. thaliana seedlings and it isolated a putative Pb tolerant mutant from an EMS-mutagenized M2 population. A multiexperimental approach was adopted to achieve these objectives. A. thaliana seedlings were grown on modified Huang & Cunningham (1996) nutrient solution containing 0.8% (w/v) agar, with and without Pb(NO3)2, under controlled conditions. A. thaliana seedlings were insensitive to Pb during seed germination. In treatments with up to 200 μM Pb(NO₃)₂, morphological changes and inhibition of root growth were observed in the 7-d-old seedlings. A tolerance index revealed that Pb(NO₃)₂ concentration of 75 μM and higher brought about more than 50% root growth inhibition. Pb was predominantly retained in the roots. Analysis using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy indicated that the level of Pb accumulation in A. thaliana roots was greatly dependent on the Pb(NO₃)₂ concentrations, but only a small fraction of the accumulated Pb was translocated to the shoots (18 - 43%). Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that Pb was mainly immobilized in the cell walls and intercellular spaces. This was interpreted as a mechanism that minimizes the entry of Pb into cells and interference with cellular functions. Pb that gained entry into the cytoplasm was sequestered into the vacuoles. The toxicity of Pb in the cytosol of A. thaliana seedlings was studied by measuring the H₂O₂ and lipid hydroperoxide levels using a microplate reader. When the Pb(NO₃)₂ concentration in the growth medium was 100 μM, the 7-d-old seedlings contained 2.2-fold higher H₂O₂ and 9.6-fold higher lipid hydroperoxide than the control without Pb(NO₃)₂. This was followed by an up-regulation of the activity of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and general peroxidase (POD) by 2.1-, 3.2-, 2.3-, 1.8- and 4.6-fold, respectively, compared with the control. Pb toxicity is known to trigger oxidative stress, but A. thaliana seedlings appeared to be capable of activating cell rescue, defending themselves against harmful oxidative stress and also acclimating to Pb. Data from physiological and biochemical analysis indicate that a combination of avoidance and tolerance mechanisms exists in Pb-treated A. thaliana seedlings to maintain the essential cellular metabolism for survival. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to show the involvement of AnnAt1 in the response of 7-d-old A. thaliana seedlings to a high threshold concentration of Pb. When the seedlings were treated with 100 μM Pb(NO₃)₂, AnnAt1 message levels were up-regulated by 2.12-fold. Pb-mediated oxidative stress may be a component of AnnAt1 gene expression. AnnAt1 potentially could be invoked to reduce the toxic effects of Pb stress by acting as ROS and/or Ca²⁺ signals, as a membrane protector, in detoxification of excessive ROS, or in sequestration of Pb. Pb stress symptoms were less evident in seedlings pre-treated with 1 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. The present study found that exogenous NO did not alter Pb transport into the plants or efflux pumping of Pb at the plasma membrane. However, NO conferred protection to 7-d-old A. thaliana seedlings primarily by acting as an antioxidant or a signal for actions to scavenge excessive ROS level. The application of exogenous NO before subjecting to 100 μM Pb(NO₃)₂ decreased H₂O₂ back to its original level, and reduced 50% lipid hydroperoxide in the Pb-treated seedlings. As a result, the antioxidative enzyme activities in Pb-exposed seedlings pre-treated with SNP were 23 - 45% lower than those without SNP pre-treatment. Less antioxidative enzyme activities were probably needed to counteract the reduced amount of Pb-induced ROS in A. thaliana seedlings. A post-germination procedure involving prolonged exposure to 150 μM Pb(NO₃)₂ was developed to screen an EMS-mutagenized M2 population of A. thaliana. Potential Pb tolerant mutants were selected based on the ability to grow with their roots penetrating into the medium and maintain purple-green leaves without wilting. A minority of the survivors appeared to go into a resting stage and they seemed to have altered transporters that prevented Pb from entering the cells. Only one putative Pb mutant (M3-1) was recovered from the rescue and set seeds. The M₄ generation of this putative Pb mutant was re-screened for phenotypic confirmation and to determine the regulation of AnnAt1. The 7-d-old putative Pb mutant seemed to display enhanced root and shoot growth in the presence of 150 μM Pb(NO₃)₂ compared to the wild-type seedlings. The transcript level of AnnAt1 in this putative Pb tolerant mutant increased by 2.19-fold when exposed to 150 μM Pb(NO₃)₂.

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Nazari, Qand Agha. "Protective effects of luteolin and curcumin on oxidative stress induced by sodium nitroprusside in the brain." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/175235.

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Subramaniam, Sudhakar Raja. "Protective effects of dietary coumarins on disease conditions associated with oxidative stress : neurodegenerative diseases and cancer." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14444.

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Boyle, Neil Bernard. "Measuring the effects of stress on cognitive function in real-world and laboratory contexts : the potential protective effects of phospholipid supplementation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6398/.

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There is a well-defined relationship between stress and cognition. The intake of phospholipids has the potential to attenuate responses to stress and thus protect cognitive performance. The aims of this thesis were (a) develop suitable methodologies, both in the real-world and laboratory, to examine the effects of stress on cognition; (b) identify characteristics of individuals who may be particularly stress vulnerable; and (c) assess the potential for a phospholipid intervention to attenuate the response to stress and the impact of this stress exposure on cognitive function. These aims were addressed in four studies. Studies 1 – 3 aimed to identify a number of design and methodological conditions suitable for a phospholipid intervention assessing cognitive performance under stress (Study 4). The identification of a naturalistic or laboratory stress context capable of eliciting cortisol responses over repeated exposures, selection of cognitive tests sensitive to stress impairment, and characterising individuals with an increased tendency towards high cortisol responsivity to stress were the key preparatory methodological factors examined in Studies 1 – 3. Studies 1 (N = 16) and 2 (N = 17) explored the feasibility of employing a real-world audition stress context for a dietary intervention. Whilst this context was sufficient to elicit significant cortisol responses (Study 1), this was not consistently shown (Study 2), and suggestive of poor test-retest reliability. Study 3 (N = 24) demonstrated that a combined physical/psychosocial laboratory stressor was sufficient to elicit significant, and comparable, cortisol responses over repeated exposures. Three tests of prefrontal cortex-mediated cognitive function (n-back, ospan, and task-switch test) were demonstrated to be sensitive to stress impairment (Studies 2 – 3) and the Perfectionism: Organisation dimension of perfectionism emerged as a positive predictor of cortisol responsivity (Studies 1 – 3). The laboratory stressor, identified cognitive tests, and a sample selected on the basis of high perfectionist tendency, were identified as appropriate methodologies for the dietary intervention. These methodologies were employed in a randomised placebo-controlled six week phospholipid intervention (N = 54) assessing cognitive performance after an acute physical/psychosocial stressor (pre- and post-intervention). Phospholipid intake was associated with increased cortisol response, and significant elevations in sympathetic and subjective arousal. Cognitive performance was unaffected by phospholipid intake. A trend for attenuated anticipatory subjective stress suggested a modest stress-buffering effect of phospholipids. Further examination of the relationship between perfectionism and cortisol, and determinants of reduced habituation to the laboratory stressor employed, are warranted. The methodological advances developed herein offer a suitable framework for future research further assessing the potential stress-buffering effect of phospholipids in samples characterised by cognitive vulnerabilities (e.g., the elderly).

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Acioli, PorfÃrio Cezar Passos. "Protective effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on oxidative stress and inflammation due to testis torsion/detorsion in rats." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12207.

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The efects of acupuncture (Ac) and Electroacupuncture (EAc) were evaluated using an experimental rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) of the testis. In Traditonal Chinese Medicine, these forms of therapies are used in the promotion of organic equilbrium, through stimulation of specifc neurotransmiters producing nerve pathways, resulting in a analgesic and anti-nflammatory autonomic regulatory. response. In the study, 30 male Wistar rats, 279.6g average weight (230-30 g) were randomly divided into five groups. Al rats received intraperitoneal anesthesia (Ketamine 10 90mgKgXilazina mgKg), at the begining of the experiment, before the detorsion and at the end of the experiment. G1 group was submited to torsion of the testicle (TT), two complete turns (720Â) with immediate detorsion (sham). The other groups (G2IR, G3Ac, G4EAc2 and G5EAc10) were submited to TT during 3 hours, folowed by detorsion and reperfusion during 4 hours. Five minutes before the detorsion Ac (G3Ac) or EAc (G4EAc2, G5EAc10) was aplied, under anesthesia, for 5 minutes. Next the testis was detorsioned and reperfused for 4 hours. At the end blod samples the right testicle were colected. Evaluated parameters included determination of reduced Glutathione (GSH), Malonaldehyde (MDA), Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histopathology of the testicle. EAc (2 and 10 Hz) promoted signifcant increase in concentrations of GSH in plasma and in the rat estis of G4-G5, compared to the control G1. Ac did not alter signifcantly the concentrations of GSH in the G3 group compared to the G1. There was signifcant increase of MDA in tisue in groups G4-G5 and plasma MDA in al groups, compared to the G1. EAc (2 Hz and 10 Hz) signifcantly decreased the activity of MPO in the testis of rats subjected to TT (G4-G5), compared to the control G1. No signifcant diferences were observed in the activity of MPO comparing groups G4-G5 to group G1. It is concluded that EAc stimulation (2 and 10 Hz) atenuates oxidative stres and inflammatory response in rats subjected to testicular torsion/detorsion. Os efeitos da Acupuntura (Ac) e da Eletroacupuntura (EAc) foram avaliados utilzando um modelo experimental de isquemia/reperfusÃo (I/R) do testÃculo em rato. Na Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, esas formas de terapias sÃo utilzadas na promoÃÃo do equilÃbrio orgÃnico, mediante estÃmulo de vias nervosas produtoras de neurotransmisores especÃficos, resultando em uma resposta anti-nflamatÃria, analgÃsica e reguladora autonÃmica. No experimento, 30 ratos Wistar machos, peso mÃdio 279,6 g (230-30g) foram distribuÃdos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos. Todos os ratos receberam anestesia intraperitonial (Cetamina 90mg/Kg+Xilazina 10 mg/Kg), no inicio do experimento, antes da destorÃÃo e ao tÃrmino do experimento. O grupo G1 foi submetido Ã torÃÃo do testÃculo (TT), duas voltas completas (720Â) com imediata destorÃÃo (sham). Os demais grupos (G2IR, G3Ac, G4EAc2 e G5EAc10) foram submetidos Ã TT durante 3 horas, seguido de destorÃÃo e reperfusÃo durante 4 horas. Cinco minutos antes da destorÃÃo procedeu-se Ã aplicaÃÃo da Ac (G3Ac) ou EAc (G4EAc2, G5EAc10), sob anestesia por 5 minutos. Findo ese tempo realizou- se Ã destorÃÃo do testÃculo e permitu-se a reperfusÃo por 4 horas. Ao tÃrmino foram coletadas amostras de sangue arterial e de tecido (testÃculo direito). ParÃmetros avaliados incluÃram determinaÃÃo de Glutationa (GSH) reduzida, MalonaldeÃdo (MDA), Mieloperoxidase (MPO) e histopatologia do testÃculo. A EAc (2 e 10Hz) promoveu aumento signifcante nas concentraÃÃes de GSH no plasma e no testÃculo dos ratos dos grupos G4-G5, comparados ao controle G1. A Ac nÃo alterou signifcativamente as concentraÃÃes de GSH no grupo G3 comparado ao G1. Houve aumento signif cante do MDA tecidual nos grupos G4-G5 e do MDA plasmÃtico em todos os grupos, comparados ao G1. A EAc (2Hz e 10Hz) diminuiu signifcativamente a atividade da MPO no testÃculo dos ratos submetidos Ã torÃÃo do testÃculo (grupos G4-G5), comparados ao controle G1. NÃo foram observadas diferenÃas signifcantes na atividade da MPO comparando-se os grupos G4-G5 ao grupo G1. Conclui-se que a aplicaÃÃo de EAc de 2/10Hz promove proteÃÃo local e sistÃmica sobre o estrese oxidativo e diminuiÃÃo da resposta inflamatÃria em ratos sadios submetidos a torÃÃo/destorÃÃo do testÃculo.

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VanGilder, Reyna. "Examining the protective effects of sesamol on oxidative stress associated blood-brain barrier dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10541.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009. Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 165 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-163).

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Konstantinidou, Valentini. "Molecular mechanisms involved in the protective effect of Mediterranean diet and olive oil consumption in humans." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7208.

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The scope of the present work was to investigate whether the protective role of the traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD), and virgin olive oil (VOO) rich in phenolic compounds (PC), towards cardiovascular disease can be mediated through gene expression changes. Two trials were performed to assess the in vivo nutrigenomic effects of TMD and VOO in healthy volunteers. The results point out: a) significant gene expression changes of those genes related with cardiovascular-risk processes after VOO ingestion; b) a down-regulation in the expression of atherosclerosis-related genes after a 3-month intervention with a TMD; and c) an olive oil PC health-protective nutrigenomic effect within the frame of the TMD. Changes in gene expression were concomitant with decreases in oxidative damage and systemic inflammation markers. Data from our studies provide further evidence to recommend both the TMD and the VOO as a useful tool for the prevention of atherosclerosis. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar si el papel protector de la dieta Mediterránea tradicional (TMD) y del aceite de oliva virgen (VOO), rico en compuestos fenólicos (PC), puede ser mediado a través de cambios en la expresión génica. Se realizaron dos ensayos clínicos para evaluar los efectos nutrigenómicos de la TMD y del VOO, in vivo, en voluntarios sanos. Los resultados mostraron a) cambios en la expresión génica de genes relacionados con el riesgo cardiovascular tras la ingestión del aceite virgen de oliva, b) una infra-expresión en la expresión de genes relacionados con el proceso aterosclerótico tras una intervención con TMD de 3 meses y c) que los compuestos fenólicos del aceite de oliva ejercen un efecto nutrigenómico protector en el marco de la TMD. Los cambios en la expresión génica fueron coherentes.

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Books on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

B, Mekjavic Igor, Banister Eric W, Morrison James B, Simon Fraser University. School of Kinesiology., and International Environmental Ergonomics Conference (2nd : 1986 : Whistler, B.C.), eds. Environmental ergonomics: Sustaining human performance in harsh environments. Taylor & Francis, 1988.

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Roychoudhury, Aryadeep, and Durgesh Kumar Tripathi. Protective Chemical Agents in the Amelioration of Plant Abiotic Stress: Biochemical and Molecular Perspectives. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2020.

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Roychoudhury, Aryadeep, and Durgesh K. Tripathi. Protective Chemical Agents in the Amelioration of Plant Abiotic Stress: Biochemical and Molecular Perspectives. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2020.

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Long, Laura J., and Matthew W. Gallagher. Hope and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Edited by Matthew W. Gallagher and Shane J. Lopez. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399314.013.24.

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Traumatic events can have a debilitating effect on mental health, and may lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, most people can adjust after adversity, and some even experience posttraumatic growth (PTG). Hope theory suggests that hope provides a psychological resource that can help individuals to respond to trauma with resilience. This chapter explores the role of hope as a protective factor preventing the development of PTSD, the relationship between hope and coping in the context of PTSD, and how hope may facilitate PTG. It also discusses how hope may act as a common factor across psychotherapies for the treatment of PTSD. Future research directions include investigating hope as a mechanism of change in psychotherapy for PTSD and the degree to which hope can incrementally predict PTSD and PTG beyond related types of positive thinking.

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Hermans, Greet. Effects of Insulin and Glycaemic Management on Neuromuscular Function. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0042.

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Observational studies have indicated an association between stress-induced hyperglycaemia and neuromuscular complications in critically ill patients. This observation is further supported by electrophysiological findings from two randomized controlled trials which suggested that titrating insulin therapy to achieve a normal blood glucose has a beneficial effect on neuromuscular function, associated with a reduced need for prolonged mechanical ventilation. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms explaining these clinical observations are not well understood. There is no clear evidence that insulin has anabolic effects on muscle nor that it provides mitochondrial protection. It is possible that the effect of insulin therapy reflects a protective action on peripheral nerves; however, this hypothesis awaits confirmation. Overall, the potential benefits on neuromuscular function must be considered in light of large-scale randomized trials which demonstrate equivalent or worse outcome in critically ill patients managed with intensive insulin therapy.

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Barton, Allen W., and Gene H. Brody. Parenting as a Buffer That Deters Discrimination and Race-Related Stressors from “Getting Under the Skin”: Theories, Findings, and Future Directions. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.21.

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In this chapter, the hypothesis is explored that parenting processes buffer children’s physical health from the deleterious effects of discrimination. First, the existing empirical literature is reviewed on the stress-buffering effects of parenting on children’s physical health outcomes, with respect to the stress of general childhood adversity and the specific stressor of discrimination. Next, theoretical approaches are considered that account for the capacity of parenting to buffer contextual stressors, including discrimination, from compromising mental and physical health outcomes. Particular emphasis is given to the putative mechanisms potentially responsible for protective-stabilizing effects. Then, a critique of the extant research and theory on this topic highlights particular qualifications and considerations for the research community. Finally, suggestions are offered for future research directions, including the use of randomized prevention trials to test hypotheses about the protective functions of parenting in preventing discrimination from “getting under the skin.”

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Yehuda, Rachel, and Bruce S. McEwen. Biobehavioral Stress Response: Protective And Damaging Effects (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, V. 1032). New York Academy of Sciences, 2004.

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Jenney, Colin, and Angela Liegey Dougall. Immune System Functioning and Mental Health. Edited by Sara Maltzman. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199739134.013.45.

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During the past few decades, research from multiple disciplines has elucidated the profound connections between the immune system and mental health. This chapter provides a review of this literature, placing emphasis on the connections between inflammation and cytokines, and stress, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and social support. Additionally, brief overviews of the role of the natural immune system and adaptive immunity, as well as past research investigating stress are included. Further attention is focused on the physical health consequences of immune system dysregulation, ranging from increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, delayed wound healing, autoimmune responses, age-related elevations in proinflammatory cytokines, and decreased effectiveness of protective vaccinations. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the health effects and clinical implications of the relationships discussed throughout, as well as future directions to advance this field of study.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

Shimoi, Kayoko, Bingrong Shen, Rika Mochizuki, Shinya Toyokuni, and Naohide Kinae. "Protective Effect of αG-Rutin on Oxidative Stress in Mice." In Food Factors for Cancer Prevention. Springer Japan, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67017-9_122.

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Aguilar-toalá, J. E., B. Vallejo-cordoba, A. F. González-córdova, R. García-varela, H. S. García, and A. Hernández-mendoza. "Protective Effect Of Foodgrade Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Oxidative Stress." In Food Toxicology. Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315161075-6.

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Panossian, Alexander, Georg Wikman, Punit Kaur, and Alexzander Asea. "Molecular Chaperones as Mediators of Stress Protective Effect of Plant Adaptogens." In Heat Shock Proteins and Whole Body Physiology. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3381-9_20.

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Decarli, Alessandro, Blaise Pierrehumbert, André Schulz, and Claus Vögele. "Mental Health and Well-Being in Adolescence: The Role of Child Attachment and Parental Reflective Functioning." In Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Jugendalter. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35744-3_7.

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AbstractAdolescence is a sensitive developmental period, with important changes occurring at biological, cognitive, emotional and social levels. As evidenced by several studies, adolescence is also a vulnerable period for the onset of serious mental disorders, which then tend to persist into adulthood. While there is ample evidence concerning risk factors of mental disorders in adolescence, a lot less is known about protective factors: however, one important protective factor to have emerged from recent research concerns attachment security. The aim of the current paper is to explore the effects of attachment on emotion regulation (in terms of physiological reactivity), autonomy and relatedness, and behavioral problems in adolescence, and how attachment is in turn influenced by parental reflective functioning (PRF), parenting behaviors (operationalized in terms of behaviors promoting and undermining autonomy relatedness) and parenting stress (in terms of cortisol reactivity). The findings point to the potential utility of interventions aimed at enhancing attachment security, thus allowing a better psychological adjustment, and at improving PRF, especially in divorced families, given its protective effect on parenting stress and parenting behaviors.

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Wang, Tianhao, Chenming Li, and Yan Wang. "The Effect of Personal Protective Equipment on the Physiological Stress of Rescue Workers." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8779-1_75.

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Ma, Ning, Takeshi Sasaki, Hiromi Sakata-Haga, et al. "Protective Effect of Taurine against Nitrosative Stress in the Stomach of Rat with Water Immersion Restraint Stress." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_28.

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Cheong, Sun Hee, Jin-Woo Hwang, Seung-Hong Lee, et al. "Protective Effect of Mussel (Mytilus Coruscus) Extract Containing Taurine Against AAPH-Induced Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Model." In Taurine 9. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_65.

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Torrens, Francisco, and Gloria Castellano. "Oxidative Stress-Protective/Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Loliolide." In Natural Products Pharmacology and Phytochemicals for Health Care. Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003057932-7.

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Sallam, Nada, and Ismail Laher. "Protective Effect of Exercise on Age-Related Oxidant and Inflammatory Events." In Inflammation, Aging, and Oxidative Stress. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33486-8_17.

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Shah, Syed Tanveer, Abdul Basit, Ayesha Khan, Heba I. Mohamed, and Muhammad Adil Younas. "The Protective Effects of Melatonin in Biotic Stress Mitigation." In Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6569-3_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

Li, Wei, Yao Xiong, Bruce Brown, Kok Eng Kee, and Srdjan Nesic. "Measurement of Wall Shear Stress in Multiphase Flow and Its Effect on Protective FeCO3 Corrosion Product Layer Removal." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05922.

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Abstract Multiphase flow seen in oil and gas lines can be very turbulent and its effect on corrosion has been debated for decades. However, the effect of turbulence and mechanical forces produced by flow on protective corrosion product layers and inhibitor films is not fully understood. Wall shear stress (WSS) is one of the most important parameters used to characterize flow conditions and to assess the influence of flow on corrosion. In the present study, conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, single-phase water flow and a wide range of gas-liquid flow regimes (stratified flow, slug flow and annular mist flow) have been studied in order to accurately measure WSS using a direct floating element WSS measurement probe. These measurements were complemented by visual recordings using a high speed video camera. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to quantitatively study the force required to remove FeCO3 crystals from a mild steel specimen surface. The highest WSS measured was of the order of 102 Pa in an atmospheric pressure flow systems. AFM measurements indicated that forces of the order of 107 Pa would be required to remove an iron carbonate precipitate from a mild steel surface. This is an important finding which indicates that the WSS typically seen in multiphase flow lines is not sufficient to damage FeCO3 layers which could lead to accelerated and localized corrosion.

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Rincón, Hernán, Sandra Hernández, José Salazar, Raymundo Case, and José Vera. "Effect of the Water/Oil Ratio on the SSCC Susceptibility of High Strength OCTG Carbon Steel." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99602.

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Abstract In this paper a correlation is established between the values of SSC threshold stress (KISSC) and hydrogen permeation fluxes obtained using an electrochemical technique. The susceptibility of a high-strength steel to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in the presence of crude oil was studied utilizing different crude oil/NACE solution ratios, and saturating the test solutions with H2S according to the standard NACE TM-0177 method D. Results showed that oil confer protective properties against uniform corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen permeation. The hydrogen permeation technique was found useful to estimate the susceptibility of a given OCTG steel to SSC in sour environments, but the correlation between hydrogen flux and KISSC is highly dependant on testing conditions.

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González, J. J., and Leticia Mejía. "Effect of Protective Coatings on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of API 5l-X52 Low Carbon Steel in Soil and NS4 Solutions." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03526.

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Abstract The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of API 5L-X52 low carbon steel has been studied in a presence of different soil solutions, including synthetic NS4 solutions, with and without barrier coatings using slow strain rate tests (SSRT). The coatings used were a multiple layer system (polyethylene, asphalt resin and epoxy resin) and FBE (fusion bonding epoxy). Results from this study indicate that API 5L-X52 is not susceptible to SCC in soils and NS4 solutions at open corrosion potentials when the FBE and the three layer (3-L) coating were used. However, there is some indication of embrittlement and shows susceptibility at - 1.0 V vs. SCE applied potentials with for the 3-L system in NS4 soil solution and FBE in both environment.

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Wilhelm, S. Mark. "Effect of Elemental Sulfur on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Nickel Base Alloys in Deep Sour Gas Well Production." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88077.

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Abstract The influence of elemental sulfur on the stress corrosion cracking resistance of two nickel base alloys (Alloy 825, UNS N08825; Hastelloy Alloy G-3 UNS N06030 (1)) in well produced fluids is discussed. Slow strain rate experiments in simulated production environments examine the effects of elemental sulfur on stress corrosion cracking as measured by ductility loss over a range of conditions Evidence is provided to support possible electrochemical mechanisms for the influence of elemental sulfur on materials performance. The loss of ductility of both alloys is dependent, in a complex fashion on chloride content, temperature, dissolved sulfides and hydrogen ion activity. Sulfur appears to function as a cracking agent by modifying pH and furnishing anions (HSx−) and/or dissolved S8o which can destabilize normally protective chromium oxide films.

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Wang, Z. F., P. Wang, C. L. Briant, and K. S. Kumar. "The Effect of Microstructure on the Polarization and Stress Corrosion Cracking in Al-5Mg Alloys." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00373.

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Abstract This paper presents a study of the microstructures of Al-5Mg alloys with additions of the alloying elements Sc, Zr, and Ag and the effects of these elements on the polarization and stress corrosion cracking behavior of this material in a 3.5%NaCl solution (pH=8) at 50°C. The results show that Sc+Zr additions have a stronger effect on inhibiting recrystallization than does Zr alone, and that in a sample aged for 24 hours the Zr+Sc alloy had less precipitation of Al3Mg2 along the grain boundaries relative to the alloy that contained only Zr additions. In the alloy that contained Ag and Zr additions, there was significantly more precipitation of Al3Mg2 along the grain boundaries than in the alloy that contained only Zr. Additions of Sc and Ag improve the protective nature of the passive film in Al-5Mg-0.15Zr alloys in 3.5%NaCl solution. Addition of Sc to an Al-5Mg-0.15Zr alloy improves stress corrosion cracking resistance, while addition of Ag causes the alloy to become more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in the quenched (510°C) and aged (175°C/24h) conditions.

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Schleich, W., R. Feser, G. Schmitt, K. Schnier, T. Gommlich, and S. Günther. "Effect of Seawater Chlorination on the Erosion Corrosion Behavior of Copper-Nickel Alloy CuNi90/10." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08231.

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Abstract The influence of dissolved sodium hypochlorite on the flow resistance of UNS C70600 (CuNi90/10) in artificial ASTM D1141seawater at room temperature was investigated gravimetrically using the rotating cage and the electrochemically controlled submersed jet impingement tests. It appeared that even under unfavorable conditions (as-delivered surface, 5 ppm hypochlorite) the critical wall shear stress for initiation of flow induced localized corrosion (FILC) reached levels of 200 Pa. Six weeks pre-exposure in hypochlorite-free artificial seawater at room temperature yields flow resistant protective scales which resist wall shear stresses up to 370 Pa (even in the presence of 5 ppm hypochlorite) without initiation of FILC. The value of 43 Pa previously reported in the literature for the critical wall shear stress of CuNi90/10 in seawater is obviously much too conservative.

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Kramer, Patrick, Fritz Friedersdorf, Kristen S. Williams, David A. Jackson, Karen A. Schultz, and Thai Sweitzer. "Effect of Mechanical Stress and Environmental Conditions on Degradation of Aerospace Coatings That Guard against Atmospheric Corrosion." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11177.

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Abstract The most effective means to control atmospheric corrosion of aircraft is through the use of protective coatings. In addition to combating corrosion, which represents a risk to the safe operation of an asset, there are strong economic and environmental drivers to extend the service life of aerospace coatings. Repair and replacement of exterior coating systems that no longer meet protective requirements generate a significant volume of environmentally hazardous waste, which includes the coating material, media used for coating removal, as well as the waste materials generated in surface preparation and reapplication of the coating system. Development and use of the most durable coatings systems has often been limited by the ability to predict service performance in accelerated tests. Existing accelerated test techniques do not adequately employ the chemical, thermal, or mechanical stressors that produce relevant damage mechanisms, such as cracking at structural discontinuities in coated airframes. Additionally, single coating layers may be qualified individually rather than as part of a representative multilayer stack-up. As a result, current test methods cannot be used for accurate quantification of coating performance and service life. In this work, test methodologies previously described that employ combined environmental and mechanical loading modes are utilized to excite relevant failure modes of a multilayer system, such as coating cracking at sealant-filled lap joints. The mechanisms and kinetics of damage progression are quantified throughout static and dynamic atmospheric tests using in situ measurements of coating system properties. It is observed that the coating barrier properties and resistance to cracking at a lap joint are dependent upon both the individual effects of stress, temperature, and humidity as well as the combined interaction effects of these stressors.

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Yang, Dong, Preet M. Singh, Jamshad Mahmood, and Richard W. Neu. "Initiation and Propagation of Stress Assisted Corrosion (SAC) in Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06241.

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Abstract Industrial boilers like kraft recovery boilers experience stress assisted corrosion (SAC) cracks in their carbon steel tubes and other water touched surfaces. The performance of carbon steel in industrial boilers strongly depends upon the formation and stability of the protective magnetite film, Fe3O4, on the waterside surface of boiler tubes. Tests were carried out in a recirculation autoclave under industrial boiling water conditions. Boiler water chemistry was controlled during a series of tests to keep the dissolved oxygen in the range of 5 ppb - 10 ppm. Initial tests were conducted to develop the magnetite film on carbon steel tube samples under different test conditions. Results have indicated that the water chemistry and ratios of anode/cathode have an effect on the magnetite film morphology. Film characterization by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has shown that the magnetite film changes from an irregular-grained compact and protective film to a fine-grained porous (non-protective) film with tetrahedral crystals at the surface when the anode to cathode area ratio decreases. Corrosion fatigue crack initiation and growth mechanisms involved in boiler water environments include magnetite film damage as an important step. Slow strain rate tests were carried out in simulated boiler water environments, using smooth carbon steel samples, to investigate the role of temperature and water chemistry on crack initiation. The mechanism of stress assisted corrosion was proposed here, and an interrupted slow strain rate test was designed and carried out in lab to validate the proposed SAC mechanism.

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Shim, S. H., and Z. Szklarska-Smialowska. "The Effect of Fluid Flow on Stress Corrosion Cracking of AISI 304 Stainless Steel in 0.01 M NA2SO4 Solution at 250°C." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86249.

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Abstract The effect of fluid flow on stress corrosion cracking of sensitized AISI 304 stainless steel has been studied in air-saturated and deaerated 0.01 M Na2SO4 solution under open circuit conditions and at an applied potential of -10mVSHE, respectively, at 250°C, using slow strain rate tensile tests. This work has demonstrated that in both conditions the time to failure increases with increasing fluid flow velocity. Repassivation, AC impedance and anodic polarization curve measurements have shown that the increased time to failure results from an increased repassivation rate of the alloy and from improved protective properties of the oxide film in the flowing solution.

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Yang, Dong, Preet M. Singh, and Richard W. Neu. "Role of Stress Conditions on Stress Assisted Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07448.

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Abstract Stress assisted corrosion (SAC) is one of the major reasons for carbon steel tube failure in industrial and power boilers. The initiation and growth of SAC strongly depends upon the formation and stability of the protective magnetite film, Fe3O4, on the waterside surface of boiler tubes. A recirculation autoclave facility was set up, in which slow strain rate tests (SSRT) and low frequency cyclic tests were carried out in simulated boiler water environment on smooth carbon steel specimens to investigate the role of environment and cyclic stresses on crack initiation and propagation. Preliminary results have shown that SAC crack susceptibility increased with the increase of mean stress, and amplitude respectively, but decreased as the frequency of cyclic loading goes up. Stress amplitude shows stronger influence on the crack growth and less effect on the crack initiation than the mean stress value. The results from SSRT and low-frequency tests indicate that the strain rate also affects SAC initiation and growth in boiler water environments. Results from this study indicate that the SAC crack initiation and propagation mechanisms involve magnetite film breaking and repassivation.

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Reports on the topic "Stress-protective effect"

Hansen, Peter J., Zvi Roth, and Jeremy J. Block. Improving oocyte competence in dairy cows exposed to heat stress. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598163.bard.

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Original Objectives. The overall goal is to develop methods to increase pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress through methods that minimize damage to the oocyte and embryo caused by heat stress. Objectives were as follows: (1) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) test whether melatonin feeding can improve developmental competence of oocytes in vivo and, if so, whether effects are limited to the summer or also occur in the absence of heat stress; and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of improving fertility by facilitating follicular turnover in the summer and winter. Revised Objectives. (1) Examine protective effects of melatonin and follicular fluid on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of embryos exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (3) evaluate effectiveness of improving fertility by administering human chorionicgonadotropin (hCG) to increase circulating concentrations of progesterone and evaluate whether response to hCG depends upon genotype for four mutations reported to be related to cow fertility; and (4) identify genes with allelic variants that increase resistance of embryos to heat shock. Background. The overall hypothesis is that pregnancy success is reduced by heat stress because of damage to the oocyte and cleavage-stage embryo mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that fertility can be improved by provision of antioxidants or by removing follicles containing oocytes damaged by heat stress. During the study, additional evidence from the literature indicated the potential importance of treatment with chorionicgonadotropin to increase fertility of heat- stressed cows and results from other studies in our laboratories implicated genotype as an important determinant of cow fertility. Thus, the project was expanded to evaluate hCG treatment and to identify whether fertility response to hCG depended upon single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes implicated as important for cow fertility. We also evaluated whether a SNP in a gene important for cellular resistance to heat stress (HSPA1L, a member of the heat shock protein 70 family) is important for embryonic resistance to elevated temperature. Major conclusions, solutions & achievements. Results confirmed that elevated temperature increases ROS production by the oocyte and embryo and that melatonin decreases ROS. Melatonin reduced, but did not completely block, damaging effects of heat shock on the oocyte and had no effect on development of the embryo. Melatonin was protective to the oocyte at 0.1-1 μM, a concentration too high to be achieved in cows. It was concluded that melatonin is unlikely to be a useful molecule for increasing fertility of heat-stressed cows. Treatment with hCG at day 5 after breeding increased first-service pregnancy rate for primiparous cows but not for multiparous cows. Thus, hCG could be useful for increasing fertility in first-parity cows. The effectiveness of hCG depended upon genotype for a SNP in COQ9, a gene encoding for a mitochondrial-function protein. This result points the way to future efforts to use genetic information to identify populations of cows for which hormone treatments will be effective or ineffective. The SNP in HSPA1L was related to embryonic survival after heat shock. Perhaps, genetic selection for mutations that increase cellular resistance to heat shock could be employed to reduce effects of heat stress on fertility. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. This project has resulted in abandonment of one possible approach to improve fertility of the heat-stressed cow (melatonin therapy) while also leading to a method for improving fertility of primiparous cows exposed to heat stress (hCG treatment) that can be implemented on farms today. Genetic studies have pointed the way to using genetic information to 1) tailor hormonal treatments to cow populations likely to respond favorably and 2) select animals whose embryos have superior resistance to elevated body temperatures.

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Ala, Sílvia, Francisco Ramos, and Inês Relva. Psychological impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the mental health of university students - PRISMA Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0006.

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Review question / Objective: Our goal will be to assess the impact on mental health of university students by comparing data from studies during and after contingency measures imposed to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and to identify potential risk and protective factors for mental health. The results will be important for designing appropriate psychological interventions and mental health resources needed by university students. The research question was constructed following the PECO strategy. P=Population includes university students. E= exposure comprises contingency measures (confinement/social isolation/quarantine). C= comparison of studies conducted during and after the contingency measures (confinement/social isolation/quarantine) imposed by the pandemic of COVID-19. O= outcome immediate effect or consequences such as psychological impacts (depression, stress, anxiety, well-being, fear, burnout). Thus, the main question to be asked is: "What is the psychological impact caused by the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic on students' mental health during and after the contingency/restriction measures (confinement/social isolation/quarantine)?"

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Elmann, Anat, Orly Lazarov, Joel Kashman, and Rivka Ofir. therapeutic potential of a desert plant and its active compounds for Alzheimer's Disease. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7597913.bard.

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We chose to focus our investigations on the effect of the active forms, TTF and AcA, rather than the whole (crude) extract. 1. To establish cultivation program designed to develop lead cultivar/s (which will be selected from the different Af accessions) with the highest yield of the active compounds TTF and/or achillolide A (AcA). These cultivar/s will be the source for the purification of large amounts of the active compounds when needed in the future for functional foods/drug development. This task was completed. 2. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuronal vulnerability to oxidative stress in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants.Compounds were tested in N2a neuroblastoma cell line. In addition, we have tested the effects of TTF and AcA on signaling events promoted by H₂O₂ in astrocytes and by β-amyloid in neuronal N2a cells. 3. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuropathology (amyloidosis and tau phosphorylation) in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants. 4. To determine the effect of A¦ extract, AcA and TTF on FAD-linked neuropathology (amyloidosis, tau phosphorylation and inflammation) in transgenic mice. 5. To examine whether A¦ extract, TTF and AcA can reverse behavioral deficits in APPswe/PS1DE9 mice, and affect learning and memory and cognitive performance in these FAD-linked transgenic mice. Background to the topic.Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and amyloid beta (Ab) toxicity are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases. We have previously purified from Achilleafragrantissimatwo active compounds: a protective flavonoid named 3,5,4’-trihydroxy-6,7,3’-trimethoxyflavone (TTF, Fl-72/2) and an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenelactone named achillolide A (AcA). Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. In this study we could show that TTF and AcA protected cultured astrocytes from H₂O₂ –induced cell death via interference with cell signaling events. TTF inhibited SAPK/JNK, ERK1/2, MEK1 and CREBphosphorylation, while AcA inhibited only ERK1/2 and MEK1 phosphorylation. In addition to its protective activities, TTF had also anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibited the LPS-elicited secretion of the proinflammatorycytokinesInterleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1b from cultured microglial cells. Moreover, TTF and AcA protected neuronal cells from glutamate and Abcytotoxicity by reducing the glutamate and amyloid beta induced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and via interference with cell signaling events induced by Ab. These compounds also reduced amyloid precursor protein net processing in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease and improvedperformance in the novel object recognition learning and memory task. Conclusion: TTF and AcA are potential candidates to be developed as drugs or food additives to prevent, postpone or ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease. Implications, both scientific and agricultural.The synthesis ofAcA and TTF is very complicated. Thus, the plant itself will be the source for the isolation of these compounds or their precursors for synthesis. Therefore, Achilleafragrantissima could be developed into a new crop with industrial potential for the Arava-Negev area in Israel, and will generate more working places in this region.

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Montain, Scott J., Michael N. Sawka, Bruce S. Cadarette, Mark D. Quigley, and James M. McKay. Physiological Tolerance to Uncompensable Heat Stress: Effects of Exercise Intensity, Protective Clothing, and Climate. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada283851.

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Ungureanu, Loredana Beatrice, Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc, Cornelia Amalinei, Carmen Ungureanu, Cristina Gabriela Petrovici, and Raluca-Ștefania Stănescu. Antioxidants with protective effects against oxidative stress induced by formaldehyde exposure: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.2.0005.

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Patumraj, Suthiluk, and Sheepsumon Viboolvorakul. Protective effects of exercise training against vascular and neuronal dysfunction in aging brain. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 2019. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2019.11.

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During advancing age, reduction of microvessels in the brain contributes insufficiency tissue perfusion. Mounting evidence indicates that microvascular deterioration in aged brain relates to oxidative stress. Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in cellular antioxidant defense. Regular physical exercise is well known to have beneficial effect to brain health, including promoted blood flow and augmented angiogenesis, in aging individuals. However, the underlying mechanism of regular physical exercise in improvement of brain microvascular density during advancing age has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of exercise training in improvement of microvascular density associated with PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in aged rat brain. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups; sedentary-young (SY), sedentary-age (SA) and trained-age (TA). Exercise program included swimming exercise for eight weeks. Expression of CD31 (as indicator of microvascular density) and Nrf2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. Activity of Nrf2, protein levels of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-Akt) in isolated brain microvessels were assessed by immunoassay. Aging (SA) induced significant reduction of brain microvascular density and expression of Nrf2, PI3K and p-Akt proteins, as well as Nrf2 activity, comparing to those of SY group. The eight-week exercise training significantly improved brain microvascular density and upregulated Nrf2, PI3K and p-Akt proteins as well as activated Nrf2 activity, than that of the age group without exercise (SA). In conclusion, exercise training can improve brain microvascular deterioration associated with PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in aging rats.

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Nguyen, Loc, An Vo, Anh Vu, and Jonathan Rigg. Health Impacts of Climate Change on Precarious Outdoor Workers in Urban Asia: A Systematic Review of Vietnamese-Language and Vietnam-Based Studies. SocialLife University Co., Ltd., 2024. https://doi.org/10.71169/sociallife-wp-2024-1.

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Climate change poses increasingly severe challenges to nations worldwide, with developing countries being the most vulnerable due to their lack of socio-economic resources for adaptation. When discussing climate change adaptation, outdoor workers, who are directly exposed to abnormal weather phenomena in their daily work, are the most vulnerable group in terms of health impacts. This working paper presents a systematic review of Vietnam-based literature on the health impacts of climate change on urban outdoor workers in Asia. By synthesising empirical evidence from Vietnam and comparing it with a parallel study of English-language research, we aim to identify potential gaps in the English-language literature regarding health impacts on precarious outdoor workers in Vietnamese megacities. Our search yielded four peer-reviewed articles and four doctoral dissertations studying the health effects of weather and climate change on outdoor workers. Seven of these were in Vietnamese language, and one was in English language published in a Vietnam-based journal. Despite expanding our search string to include publications across Asia, all eight studies we found focused on Vietnam. Our systematic review revealed that heat stress and air pollution emerged as the main climate-related health concerns for outdoor workers, causing heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and respiratory diseases. We found no comparative evidence on health vulnerabilities across different outdoor occupations, with studies largely examining formal sector workers and only one addressing informal workers. There was limited research on workers' adaptation strategies to extreme weather. Studies focused on employer-provided protective equipment, while individual coping mechanisms and government social support, particularly for informal workers, received little attention. This working paper contributes to the broader understanding of climate change impacts on vulnerable populations and highlights the importance of considering diverse linguistic and geographical perspectives in climate change research.

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Shahak, Yosepha, and Donald R. Ort. Physiological Bases for Impaired Photosynthetic Performance of Chilling-Sensitive Fruit Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575278.bard.

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Chilling-sensitivity is an important agricultural problem in both the U.S. and Israel. Most research attention has focused so far on herbaceous crop plants, even though the problem is also acute in the fruit tree industry. Under BARD funding we made substantial progress in identifying the mechanisms involved in the disruption of photosynthesis following a chill in mango. Our investigation with fruit trees has been substantially accelerated by drawing on our knowledge and experience with herbaceous crops. The four original research objectives, focused or discovering the underlying mechanisms of chill-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in fruit trees, and the main achievements are listed below. [1] Separating stomatal from non-stomatal components of chilling on photosynthesis in fruit trees. We found evidence that the dark chill-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in mango was E combination of both stomatal and mesophyll components. [2] Differentiating photo damage from light-induced photo protection of photosystem II (PSII). Dark chilling exacerbate high light photoinhibition, as a result of primary inhibition in the carbor reduction cycle. Nevertheless, in Israeli orchards we observed chronic photoinhibition of PSII photochemistry in the winter. This photo damage was reversible over a few days if sunlight was attenuated with filters or night temperature rose. Practical implications of this finding deserve further investment. Additional achievement was the development of a new biophysical tool to study macro-structural changes of LHCII particles in intact, attached leaves. [3] Determine the role of oxidative stress in the dark-chilling-induced inhibition, with emphasis on oxygen radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation and redox-controlled carbon-cycle enzymes. We found an increase in lipid peroxidation following a dark chill, and partial protective effects or an antioxidant. However, the photoinhibition observed in mango orchards in Israel during the winter did not appear to be a general oxidative stress. [4] Investigate whether chilling interferes with the diurnal and circadian rhythm of gene expression of key photosynthetic proteins as has been shown for chilling-sensitive crop plants. The results indicated that most of the circadian rhythm in photosynthesis was due to reduced lea: internal CO2 concentrations during the subjective night, as a result of rhythmic stomatal closure Chilling-induced interference with circadian timing in mango, does not play the central role in chilling inhibition of photosynthesis that has previously been demonstrated in certain chilling sensitive herbaceous plants. Practical implications of the research achievements are feasible, but require few more years of research.

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Ginzberg, Idit, and Walter De Jong. Molecular genetic and anatomical characterization of potato tuber skin appearance. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587733.bard.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) skin is composed of suberized phellem cells, the outer component of the tuber periderm. The focus of the proposed research was to apply genomic approaches to identify genes that control tuber skin appearance - smooth and shiny skin is highly preferred by the customers while russeted/netted skin potatoes are rejected. The breeding program (at Cornell University) seeks to develop smooth-skin varieties but has encountered frequent difficulties as inheritance of russeting involves complementary action by independently segregating genes, where a dominant allele at each locus is required for any degree of skin russeting. On the other hand, smooth-skin varieties frequently develop unsightly russeting in response to stress conditions, mainly high soil temperatures. Breeding programs in Israel aimed towards the improvement of heat tolerant varieties include skin quality as one of the desired characteristics. At the initiation of the present project it was unclear whether heat induced russeting and genetically inherited russeting share the same genes and biosynthesis pathways. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that russeting might result from increased periderm thickness, from strong cohesion between peridermal cells that prevents the outer layers from sloughing off, or from altered suberization processes in the skin. Hence, the original objectives were to conduct anatomical study of russet skin development, to isolate skin and russeting specific genes, to map the loci that determine the russet trait, and to compare with map locations the candidate russet specific genes, as well as to identify marker alleles that associated with russet loci. Anatomical studies suggested that russet may evolve from cracking at the outer layers of the skin, probably when skin development doesn’t meet the tuber expansion rate. Twodimensional gel electrophoresis and transcript profiling (cDNA chip, potato functional genomic project) indicated that in comparison to the parenchyma tissue, the skin is enriched with proteins/genes that are involved in the plant's responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and further expand the concept of the skin as a protective tissue containing an array of plantdefense components. The proteomes of skin from heat stressed tubers and native skin didn’t differ significantly, while transcript profiling indicated heat-related increase in three major functional groups: transcription factors, stress response and protein degradation. Exceptional was ACC synthase isogene with 4.6 fold increased level in the heat stressed skin. Russeting was mapped to two loci: rusB on chromosome 4 and rusC on chromosome 11; both required for russeting. No evidence was found for a third locus rusA that was previously proposed to be required for russeting. In an effort to find a link between the russeting character and the heat-induced russeting an attempt was made to map five genes that were found in the microarray experiment to be highly induced in the skin under heat stress in the segregating russet population. Only one gene was polymorphic; however it was localized to chromosome 2, so cannot correspond to rusB or rusC. Evaluation of AFLP markers tightly linked to rusB and rusC showed that these specific alleles are not associated with russeting in unrelated germplasm, and thus are not useful for MAS per se. To develop markers useful in applied breeding, it will be necessary to screen alleles of additional tightly linked loci, as well as to identify additional russet (heat-induced and/or native) related genes.

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