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Journal articles on the topic 'Stress-protective effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Novoseletskaya, A. V., N. M. Kiseleva, I. V. Zimina, et al. "Stress-Protective Effect of Thymic Peptides." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 158, no. 6 (2015): 753–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-015-2854-4.

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2

Mandava V. Rao, Mandava V. Rao, and Tapan A. Patel Tapan A. Patel. "Protective Effect of Curcumin on Mercuric Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (2011): 541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/169.

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3

Lilia, Boussouf, Boutennoun Hanane, Adjeroud Nawel, Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila, and Madani Khodir. "PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ALGERIAN SALVIA VERBENACA EXTRACT AGAINST INFLAMMATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS." Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 17, no. 1 (2023): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7579538.

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This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of polyphenolic extract of <em>Salvia verbenaca</em> L. using <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> models. The <em>in vivo </em>anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced mice paw edema method. The <em>in vivo</em> antioxidant effect of the extract was explored by measuring oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GSH and SOD) parameters. The <em>in vitro</em> anti-inflammatory activity was performed using protein denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. DPPH and hydrogen peroxide tests were used for the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant evaluation. The highest percentage of edema inhibition was 75.03% at the concentration of 500 mg/kg. Significant increases (<em>p˂</em>0.05) in the activities of CAT, SOD, GSH and significant decreases in the MDA level activity were showed. The extract was found to possess an <em>in vitro</em> anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced protein denaturation and red blood cells membrane stabilization with the IC<sub>50</sub> values of 133.21±0.89 and 160.62±1.60 μg/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated that extract exhibited high free radical scavenging activity as showed by the low IC<sub>50</sub> values for DPPH (115.41±1.40 μg/mL) and for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (180.39±1.77 μg/mL) scavenging assays. Our findings suggest that <em>Salvia verbenaca</em> could be tested as a drug candidate against oxidative stress and inflammation diseases.

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4

Li, Xin, Di Zhang, Jun Xu, Jun Jiang, and Hongwei Jiang. "The protective effect of cold acclimation on the low temperature stress of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)." Horticultural Science 49, No. 1 (2022): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/62/2020-hortsci.

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This study compared the protective effect of cold acclimation on the cold tolerance in the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). The cold acclimation increased the sprouting rate and leaf expansion rate of the lotus by about 36% at 0 °C, and the cold acclimation could enhance the levels of the stress related osmolytes including higher proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents. The electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation level of the control samples increased significantly, but these indices did not change significantly in the cold acclimation group during low temperature stress. Furthermore, the cold acclimated rhizomes had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a more stable ROS homeostasis response to the low temperature stress. Some stress-related genes were significantly up-regulated after the cold acclimation, especially the antioxidase related genes (CAT1, GPX, APX and MSD) were up-regulated nearly five times higher than that of the control group at the 0 °C condition. Additionally, the ICE1-CBF-COR pathway was involved in the lotus cold acclimation process. These results suggested that cold acclimation can obviously improve the stress tolerance of the lotus by the stable ROS homeostasis, enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity, regulate the stress-related gene expression and alleviate the stress damage.

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5

Yokozawa, Takako, Eun Ju Cho, Chan Hum Park, and Ji Hyun Kim. "Protective Effect of Proanthocyanidin against Diabetic Oxidative Stress." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/623879.

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We investigated the antidiabetic potential of proanthocyanidin and its oligomeric form in STZ-induced diabetic model rats anddb/dbtype 2 diabetic mice. Proanthocyanidin ameliorated the diabetic condition by significant decreases of serum glucose, glycosylated protein, and serum urea nitrogen as well as decreases of urinary protein and renal-AGE in STZ-induced diabetic rats and decrease of serum glucose as well as significant decrease of glycosylated protein indb/dbtype 2 diabetic mice. The suppression of ROS generation and elevation of the GSH/GSSG ratio were also observed in the groups administered proanthocyanidin. Moreover, proanthocyanidin, especially its oligomeric form, affected the inflammatory process with the regulation of related protein expression, iNOS, COX-2 and upstream regulators, NF-κB, and the IκB-α. In addition, it had a marked effect on hyperlipidemia through lowering significant levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and NEFA. Moreover, expressions in the liver of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 were downregulated by the administration of proanthocyanidins. The protective effect against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in type 1 and 2 diabetic models was significantly strong in the groups administered the oligomeric rather than polymeric form. This suggests that oligomers act as a regulator in inflammatory reactions caused by oxidative stress in diabetes.

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6

Ning, Wanchen, Simin Li, Jokyab Tsering, et al. "Protective Effect of Triphala against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 7, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6674988.

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Background. Oxidative stress is implicated in the progression of many neurological diseases, which could be induced by various chemicals, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and acrylamide. Triphala is a well-recognized Ayurvedic medicine that possesses different therapeutic properties (e.g., antihistamine, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticariogenic effects). However, little information is available regarding the neuroprotective effect of Triphala on oxidative stress. Materials and Methods. An in vitro H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell model and an in vivo acrylamide-induced zebrafish model were established. Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation were examined by MTT assay, ELISA, and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. The molecular mechanism underlying the antioxidant activity of Triphala against H2O2 was investigated dose dependently by Western blotting. The in vivo neuroprotective effect of Triphala on acrylamide-induced oxidative injury in Danio rerio was determined using immunofluorescence staining. Results. The results indicated that Triphala plays a neuroprotective role against H2O2 toxicity in inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation. Furthermore, Triphala pretreatment suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MARK) signal pathway (p-Erk1/2, p-JNK1/2, and p-p38), whereas it restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase) in the H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Consistently, similar protective effects of Triphala were observed in declining neuroapoptosis and scavenging free radicals in the zebrafish central neural system, possessing a critical neuroprotective property against acrylamide-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion. In summary, Triphala is a promising neuroprotective agent against oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells and zebrafishes with significant antiapoptosis and antioxidant activities.

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7

Zlobin, Ilya, Elena Danilova, Ol’ga Murgan, et al. "Structurally Different Exogenic Brassinosteroids Protect Plants under Polymetallic Pollution via Structure-Specific Changes in Metabolism and Balance of Cell-Protective Components." Molecules 28, no. 5 (2023): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052077.

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Heavy metals and aluminum are among the most significant abiotic factors that reduce the productivity and quality of crops in acidic and contaminated soils. The protective effects of brassinosteroids containing lactone are relatively well-studied under heavy metal stress, but the effects of brassinosteroids containing ketone are almost unstudied. Moreover, there are almost no data in the literature on the protective role of these hormones under polymetallic stress. The aim of our study was to compare the stress-protective effects of lactone-containing (homobrassinolide) and ketone-containing (homocastasterone) brassinosteroids on the barley plant’s resistance to polymetallic stress. Barley plants were grown under hydroponic conditions; brassinosteroids, increased concentrations of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), and Al were added to the nutrient medium. It was found that homocastasterone was more effective than homobrassinolide in mitigating the negative effects of stress on plant growth. Both brassinosteroids had no significant effect on the antioxidant system of plants. Both homobrassinolide and homocastron equally reduced the accumulation of toxic metals (except for Cd) in plant biomass. Both hormones improved Mg nutrition of plants treated with metal stress, but the positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments was observed only for homocastasterone and not for homobrassinolide. In conclusion, the protective effect of homocastasterone was more prominent compared to homobrassinolide, but the biological mechanisms of this difference remain to be elucidated.

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8

Matsukawa, N., I. Kida, J. Ohta, et al. "THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF KLOTHO PROTEIN AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS." Journal of Hypertension 22, Suppl. 1 (2004): S186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-200402001-00792.

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9

Tatsunami, Ryosuke, Yu Murao, and Keisuke Sato. "Protective Effect of Epalrestat against Oxidative Stress-induced Cytotoxicity." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 140, no. 11 (2020): 1381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.20-00167.

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10

Çelik, Naime, Ayhan Vurmaz, and Ahmet Kahraman. "Protective effect of quercetin on homocysteine-induced oxidative stress." Nutrition 33 (January 2017): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.014.

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11

Guerrero-Beltrán, Carlos Enrique, Mariel Calderón-Oliver, José Pedraza-Chaverri, and Yolanda Irasema Chirino. "Protective effect of sulforaphane against oxidative stress: Recent advances." Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 64, no. 5 (2012): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.005.

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12

Devyatkina, T. A., L. M. Tarasenko, V. E. Klusa, O. I. Tsebrzhinskii, R. K. Muceniece, and I. R. Liepa. "Protective effect of thymopentin on stress-induced gastric damage." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 107, no. 6 (1989): 781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00840737.

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13

Ara, Cengiz, Hale Kirimlioglu, Aysun Bay Karabulut, et al. "Protective Effect of Resveratrol Against Oxidative Stress in Cholestasis." Journal of Surgical Research 127, no. 2 (2005): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2005.01.024.

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14

Park, Ji Eun, and Young Mi Kim. "Protective effect of kudzu root vinegar and adenosine against UVB-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes." SDRP Journal of Cellular and Molecular Physiology 3, no. 2 (2020): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25177/jcmp.3.2.ra.10673.

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Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, which induces sunburn cell formation, melanoma, photoaging, and skin cancer. This study examines the anti-photodamage effects of kudzu root vinegar and adenosine in UVB-exposed human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). UVB significantly decreased HaCaT cell viability, whereas kudzu root vinegar and adenosine did not exhibit cytotoxic effects and increased the viability of HaCaT cells. To investigate the protective effects of kudzu root vinegar and adenosine on UVB-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells, ROS, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were analyzed. UVB-induced treatment reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes; however, kudzu root vinegar and adenosine increased their activity. These results indicated that kudzu root vinegar and adenosine exert cytoprotective activity against UVB-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. Moreover, they suppressed the UVB-induced downregulation of MMPs and inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK induced by UVB-irradiation. Therefore, kudzu root vinegar and adenosine offer anti-oxidative effects, via lowering ROS production, suppressing JNK activation, and downregulating expression of MMPs. Our findings suggest that kudzu root vinegar and adenosine have potential application in preventing skin damage owing to UVB exposure. Keywords: reactive oxygen species (ROS), HaCaT cell, UVB, skin damage, anti-aging

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15

Kiani, Hawre. "Effect of Tragacanth Gum on Some Protective Mechanisms of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Under Drought Stress Conditions." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 2 (2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000358.

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The production of active oxygen species increases under drought stress conditions, which means that their removal or deactivation is out of plant power. Therefore, most plants in the face of drought stress require solutions adopted by farm managers. In order to investigate the effect of various irrigation regimes and anti-evapotranspiration effect of different concentrations of tragacanth gum on protective mechanisms of Nigella sativa L., a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Kurdistan in 2018. The experimental factors included irrigation at three levels of 100 (full irrigation), 70 (mild drought stress), and 40% (severe drought stress) of field capacity of soil and spraying with tragacanth gum at six concentrations of 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g/L. The results showed that increasing the intensity of drought stress (irrigation reduction) resulted in increased levels of H2O2, MDA, SOD, POD, proline, soluble carbohydrates (water and alcohol soluble), and osmotic potential of the plant and reduced grain yield. The effect of different concentrations of tragacanth gum was differed at different levels of irrigation. In full irrigation, the concentration of 1.25 g/L was positive for all studied traits. In mild drought stress, the use of higher concentrations of tragacanth (up to 5 g/L) had the best efficiency, and concentrations greater than 5 g/L had opposite effects on the traits. In severe drought stress, the use of higher concentrations of tragacanth was beneficial and concentrations up to 7.5 g/L improved the studied traits, but concentrations of 10 g/L had a negative effect on these traits. Regarding that the application of appropriate concentrations of tragacanth gum improved the measured traits and increase grain yield under mild and severe drought stress by 11.6% and 28.2%, respectively, it may be introduced as a novel anti-evapotranspiration agent with natural origin and may be useful in areas with drought stress.

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16

Feng, Yingte, Wenyuan Wang, Zhichao Zhang, and Wei Yang. "Pattern of Influence of the Mining Direction of the Protective Seam on the Stress of the Surrounding Rock." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813623.

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The maximum principal stress of the original rock has obvious directionality, and the pressure relief effect is different when the protective seam is mined along different directions. In this paper, the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC3D 6.0) numerical simulation software was used to establish a numerical calculation model according to the actual stratum conditions of the Pingdingshan No. 8 Coal Mine. The distribution and evolutionary characteristics of three-dimensional stress and three-dimensional displacement of the stope are studied under the condition that the mining direction of the protective seam is parallel to or vertical to the maximum principal stress direction of the original rock; the pattern of influence of the mining direction on the pressure relief and outburst prevention effect of the protective seam mining is analyzed. For the protective seam, the maximum principal stress in the coal in front of the protective seam cut–hole is significantly reduced, and the outburst potential is reduced in parallel mining. However, in vertical mining, the maximum principal stress in the coal in front of the protective seam cut–hole increases significantly, and the outburst potential increases. For the protective seam and surrounding rock, parallel mining can more fully reduce the maximum principal stress of the protective seam, reduce the difference in the three-dimensional stress, and effectively reduce the outburst potential of the protective seam. Therefore, parallel mining can not only improve the safety of the protective seam but also improve the pressure relief and outburst prevention effect of the protective seam. This conclusion is verified by the outburst prevention effect of the parallel mining of the remote upper protective seam in the Pingdingshan No. 8 Coal Mine. The research results are helpful for optimizing mine outburst potential prevention and control work from the aspect of mining layout. Through parallel mining, the outburst potential of the mine can be effectively reduced overall.

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Wu, Yu, Xiaomei Fan, Sha Chen, et al. "Geraniol-Mediated Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Protects against Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury via the PERK-ATF4-CHOP Pathway." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (2022): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010544.

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI). Geraniol has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Studies have shown that geraniol has a protective effect against CIRI in rats, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of geraniol against CIRI. We established a middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion model in rats and a PC12 cell oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to observe the neuroprotective effects of geraniol. Neurological scoring, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of geraniol against CIRI. ER-stress-related and apoptosis-related protein expression was detected via Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Apoptosis was also detected via TUNEL assays and flow cytometry. The fluorescent detection of intracellular calcium was achieved using fluorescent calcium-binding dyes, and transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the neuronal ultrastructure. Geraniol effectively attenuated cerebral infarction and pathological injury after CIRI, had a protective effect against CIRI, significantly reduced the expression of the ER-stress-related proteins P-PERK, ATF4, CHOP, and GRP78 and the pro-apoptotic protein BAX, increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, and reduced the occurrence of apoptosis. In the OGD/R model in PC12 cells, the protective effect of geraniol was the same as that in vivo. Our results suggest that geraniol has a protective effect against ischemic stroke by a mechanism possibly related to ER stress via the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway.

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18

Sakata, Shuzo, Ryo Kunimatsu, and Kotaro Tanimoto. "Protective Effect of Ergothioneine against Oxidative Stress-Induced Chondrocyte Death." Antioxidants 13, no. 7 (2024): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13070800.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce oxidative stress in cells and are associated with various diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Ergothioneine (EGT) is a natural amino acid derivative derived from the ergot fungus and has been reported to exhibit an effective antioxidant function in many models of oxidative stress-related diseases. Recently, mutations in OCTN1, a membrane transporter of EGT, have been reported to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, we investigated the chondrocyte-protective function of EGT using a model of oxidative stress-induced injury of chondrocytes by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Human chondrocytes were subjected to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 treatment, and cell viability, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released into the medium, dead cell ratio, intracellular ROS production, and mitochondrial morphology were assessed. EGT improved chondrocyte viability and LDH activity in the medium and strongly suppressed the dead cell ratio. EGT also exerted protective effects on intracellular ROS production and mitochondrial morphology. These results provide evidence to support the protective effects of EGT on chondrocytes induced by oxidative stress.

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19

Viswanatha, G. L., H. Shylaja, K. S. Sandeep Rao, V. R. Santhosh Kumar, and M. Jagadeesh. "Hesperidin Ameliorates Immobilization-Stress-Induced Behavioral and Biochemical Alterations and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mice by Modulating Nitrergic Pathway." ISRN Pharmacology 2012 (March 29, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/479570.

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The present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of hesperidin against immobilization-stress-induced alterations in biochemical, behavioral, and mitochondrial functions in mice. In many instances neuroscientists have reported that acute immobilization stress for 6 h resulted in anxiety and impaired locomotor activity due to excess oxidative-nitrergic stress, depletion of antioxidant defense mechanisms, and mitochondrial dysfunction in animals. In the present study, 6 h of acute immobilization stress had significantly altered the behavioral (anxiety and memory) and biochemical parameters coupled with mitochondrial dysfunction in Swiss albino mice. Fourteen days of pretreatment with Hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the behavioral and biochemical alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by acute immobilization stress. Furthermore, pre-treatment of L-arginine (50 mg/kg, i.p.), a nitric oxide precursor, reversed the protective effect of Hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg) (). In contrast, pretreatment of L-NAME (5 mg/kg, i.p.), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, potentiated the protective effect of Hesperidin (). These results suggest the possible involvement of nitrergic pathway in the protective effect Hesperidin against immobilization-stress-induced behavioral, biochemical, and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice.

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20

De Beuf, Annelies, Xiang-hua Hou, Patrick C. D'Haese, and Anja Verhulst. "Epoetin Delta Reduces Oxidative Stress in Primary Human Renal Tubular Cells." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/395785.

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Erythropoietin (EPO) exerts (renal) tissue protective effects. Since it is unclear whether this is a direct effect of EPO on the kidney or not, we investigated whether EPO is able to protect human renal tubular epithelial cells (hTECs) from oxidative stress and if so which pathways are involved. EPO (epoetin delta) could protect hTECs against oxidative stress by a dose-dependent inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation. This protective effect is possibly related to the membranous expression of the EPO receptor (EPOR) since our data point to the membranous EPOR expression as a prerequisite for this protective effect. Oxidative stress reduction went along with the upregulation of renoprotective genes. Whilst three of these, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), aquaporin-1 (AQP-1), and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) have already been associated with EPO-induced renoprotection, this study for the first time suggests carboxypeptidase M (CPM), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), and cytoglobin (Cygb) to play a role in this process.

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Sheng, Jie, Li-Bin Sun, Shu-Fen Zhao, et al. "Acidic stress induces protective autophagy in SGC7901 cells." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 8 (2018): 3285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518768167.

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Objective To investigate the effect of acidity on gastric cancer SGC7901 cells in terms of autophagy and provide a new strategy for therapeutically targeting gastric cancer autophagy in an acidic environment. Methods Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to examine the effect of an acidic environment on autophagosome formation. Light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 levels in SGC7901 cells exposed to acidic conditions were measured using Western blot analysis. To explore changes in autophagy flux, the cells were treated with an inhibitor of autophagy bafilomycin A1. The CCK-8 assay was performed to determine if inhibiting acid-induced autophagy affected cell proliferation. Results Increased autophagosome formation was observed by TEM. Punctate LC3 structures were observed in cells cultured under acidic conditions, whereas untreated cells exhibited diffuse and weak staining for punctate LC3 structures. Cytoplasmic LC3-I translocated to the autophagic membrane (LC3-II) levels increased under acidic conditions, whereas p62 levels decreased. The bafilomycin A1-induced inhibition of autophagy caused by the acidic environment inhibited cell proliferation. Conclusion The acidic environment upregulates autophagy in SGC7901 cells. In long-term culture, a stable and high level of autophagy is maintained in an acidic environment, which has a protective effect on cells.

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Siwakoti, Bijaya, Te-Sheng Lien, You-Yen Lin, et al. "The Role of Activating Transcription Factor 3 in Metformin’s Alleviation of Gastrointestinal Injury Induced by Restraint Stress in Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (2023): 10995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310995.

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Metformin is one of the most commonly used drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to its anti-diabetic property, evidence suggests more potential applications for metformin, such as antiaging, cellular protection, and anti-inflammation. Studies have reported that metformin activates pathways with anti-inflammatory effects, enhances the integrity of gut epithelial tight junctions, and promotes a healthy gut microbiome. These actions contribute to the protective effect of metformin against gastrointestinal (GI) tract injury. However, whether metformin plays a protective role in psychological-stress-associated GI tract injury remains elusive. We aim to elucidate the potential protective effect of metformin on the GI system and develop an effective intervention strategy to counteract GI injury induced by acute psychological stress. By monitoring the levels of GI-nonabsorbable Evans blue dye in the bloodstream, we assessed the progression of GI injury in live mice. Our findings demonstrate that the administration of metformin effectively mitigated GI leakage caused by psychological stress. The GI protective effect of metformin is more potent when used on wild-type mice than on activating-transcription-factor 3 (ATF3)-deficient (ATF3−/−) mice. As such, metformin-mediated rescue was conducted in an ATF3-dependent manner. In addition, metformin-mediated protection is associated with the induction of stress-induced GI mRNA expressions of the stress-induced genes ATF3 and AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, metformin treatment-mediated protection of CD326+ GI epithelial cells against stress-induced apoptotic cell death was observed in wild-type but not in ATF3−/− mice. These results suggest that metformin plays a protective role in stress-induced GI injury and that ATF3 is an essential regulator for metformin-mediated rescue of stress-induced GI tract injury.

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Kim, Jin Woo, Eun Hee Jo, Ji Eun Moon, et al. "In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effect of Citrus Junos Tanaka Peel Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptotic Death of Lung Cells." Antioxidants 9, no. 12 (2020): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121231.

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Various stresses derived from both internal and external oxidative environments lead to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing progressive intracellular oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Citrus junos Tanaka peel extract (CE) against oxidative-stress induced the apoptosis of lung cells and the associated mechanisms of action using in vitro and in vivo models. The protective effect of CE was evaluated in vitro in NCI-H460 human lung cells exposed to pro-oxidant H2O2. The preventive effect of CE (200 mg/kg/day, 10 days) against pulmonary injuries following acrolein inhalation (10 ppm for 12 h) was investigated using an in vivo mouse model. Herein, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of CE against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells under a highly oxidative environment. The function of CE is linked with its ability to suppress ROS-dependent, p53-mediated apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective role of CE against apoptotic pulmonary injuries associated with the inhalation of acrolein, a ubiquitous and highly oxidizing environmental respiratory pollutant, through the attenuation of oxidative stress. The results indicated that CE exhibits a protective effect against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells in both in vitro and in vivo models.

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Kiraly, Michael A., and Stephen J. Kiraly. "The Effect of Exercise on Hippocampal Integrity: Review of Recent Research." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 35, no. 1 (2005): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hx7l-4b40-pqny-2a4p.

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Objectives: To review salient basic research regarding physical exercise as a major protective factor against hippocampal degradation and to emphasize its relevance to humans. Method: Recent mammalian and human research literature search and theoretical discussion. Results: The cascade of cellular damages from oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and gluco-corticoid effects are cumulative and age related. Exercise training reduces oxidative stress, nitro-sative stress and improves neuroendocrine autoregulation which counteracts damages from stress- and age-related neuronal degeneration, brain ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Conversely, lack of exercise and motility restrictions are associated with increased vulnerability from oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and glucocorticoid excesses, all of which precede amyloid deposition and are fundamental in the cascade of events resulting in neuronal degradation, especially in the hippocampi. Conclusions: Despite the paucity of human research, basic animal models and clinical data overwhelmingly support the notion that exercise treatment is a major protective factor against neurodegeneration of varied etiologies. The final common pathway of degradation is clearly related to oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, glucocorticoid dysregulation, inflammation and amyloid deposition. We conclude that people prone to chronic distress, brain ischemia, brain trauma, and the aged are at increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Exercise training may be a major protective factor but without clinical guidelines, its prescription and success with treatment adherence remain elusive.

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Sunyer-Figueres, Mercè, Albert Mas, Gemma Beltran, and María-Jesús Torija. "Protective Effects of Melatonin on Saccharomyces cerevisiae under Ethanol Stress." Antioxidants 10, no. 11 (2021): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10111735.

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During alcoholic fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is subjected to several stresses, among which ethanol is of capital importance. Melatonin, a bioactive molecule synthesized by yeast during alcoholic fermentation, has an antioxidant role and is proposed to contribute to counteracting fermentation-associated stresses. The aim of this study was to unravel the protective effect of melatonin on yeast cells subjected to ethanol stress. For that purpose, the effect of ethanol concentrations (6 to 12%) on a wine strain and a lab strain of S. cerevisiae was evaluated, monitoring the viability, growth capacity, mortality, and several indicators of oxidative stress over time, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. In general, ethanol exposure reduced the cell growth of S. cerevisiae and increased mortality, ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity. Melatonin supplementation softened the effect of ethanol, enhancing cell growth and decreasing oxidative damage by lowering ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the effects of melatonin were dependent on strain, melatonin concentration, and growth phase. The results of this study indicate that melatonin has a protective role against mild ethanol stress, mainly by reducing the oxidative stress triggered by this alcohol.

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Auti, Amogh, Nicola Alessio, Andrea Ballini, et al. "Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Hypoxia-Induced Neural Oxidative Stress." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 8 (2022): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081202.

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Oxidative stress plays an important role in brain aging and in neurodegenerative diseases. New therapeutic agents are necessary to cross the blood–brain barrier and target disease pathogenesis without causing disagreeable side effects. Resveratrol (RSV) may act as a neuroprotective compound, but little is known about its potential in improving the cognitive and metabolic aspects that are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of RSV against hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in neuronal PC12 cells. For the induction of the hypoxia model, the cells were exposed to oxygen-deprived gas in a hypoxic chamber. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by a fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was analyzed by using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester (CM-H2DCFDA) tests. The expression of activated caspase-3, -9, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, and SOD was investigated by a Western blot analysis. We found that hypoxia reduced PC12 viability by inducing apoptosis, while RSV treatment attenuated the ROS-induced damage by reducing caspase-3, -9, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The RSV treated groups were found to improve cellular health, with a 7.41% increase in the S phase population in the 10 µM group, compared to the control. Hence, RSV has a protective effect in neuronal cells and may halt the cell cycle in the G1/S phase to repair the intracellular damage. Therefore, RSV could be a good candidate to act as an antioxidant and promising preventive therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases for personalized medicine.

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WANG, Zhi-yong, Ling-zhen TANG, and Tian-wen GAO. "Protective effect of DJ-1 against oxidative stress: an advance." Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University 32, no. 1 (2012): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1008.2012.00088.

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Abdel-Sattar, Essam A., Samar M. Mouneir, Gihan F. Asaad, and Hossam M. Abdallah. "Protective effect ofCalligonum comosumon haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in rat." Toxicology and Industrial Health 30, no. 2 (2012): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233712452601.

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Takenaka, Hiroyuki, Hidehiro Takahashi, Katsuhiko Hayashi, and Ami Ben-Amotz. "Protective Effect ofDunaliella bardawilon Water-Immersion-Induced Stress in Rats." Planta Medica 59, no. 05 (1993): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959723.

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Choi, Soo Yeon, Ji Hyun Kim, Jaemin Lee, Sanghyun Lee, and Eun Ju Cho. "Protective effect ofAcer okamotoanumfrom oxidative stress in C6 glial cells." Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry 60, no. 2 (2017): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2017.024.

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Choi, Soo Jung, Mi Jeong Kim, Ho Jin Heo, et al. "Protective effect ofRosa laevigataagainst amyloid beta peptide-induced oxidative stress." Amyloid 13, no. 1 (2006): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13506120500535636.

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Mancardi, Daniele, Francesca Tullio, Stefania Raimondo Raffaella Rastaldo, Claudia Penna, and Pasquale Pagliaro. "Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide against oxidative stress of myoblasts." Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 45, no. 5 (2008): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.07.011.

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Ara, Cengiz, Aysun Bay Karabulut, Hale Kirimlioglu, et al. "Protective Effect of Resveratrol Against Renal Oxidative Stress in Cholestasis." Renal Failure 27, no. 4 (2005): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/jdi-200065221.

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Ara, Cengiz, Aysun Bay Karabulut, Hale Kirimlioglu, et al. "Protective Effect of Resveratrol Against Renal Oxidative Stress in Cholestasis." Renal Failure 27, no. 4 (2005): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/jdi-65221.

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Nencini, C., G. Giorgi, and L. Micheli. "Protective effect of silymarin on oxidative stress in rat brain." Phytomedicine 14, no. 2-3 (2007): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.02.005.

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Muscari, Claudio, Carlo Guarnieri, Claudio Stefanelli, Antonella Giaccari, and Claudio Marcello Caldarera. "Protective effect of spermine on DNA exposed to oxidative stress." Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 144, no. 2 (1995): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00944391.

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Fatima, Mahejabeen, Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani, Krishna Misra, and Syed Ibrahim Rizvi. "Protective Effect of Theaflavin on Erythrocytes Subjected toIn VitroOxidative Stress." Biochemistry Research International 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/649759.

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Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of black tea theaflavins has been shown in many epidemiological studies. In the present work we report the protective mechanism of tea theaflavins on biomarkers of oxidative stress, which are elevated during stress conditions. We hereby report thein vitroeffect of theaflavins on erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), and plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) of rats. The effect of theaflavin on PMRS has also been validated through anin silicodocking simulation study using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). We report that theaflavins show significant protection to erythrocyte against oxidative stress induced bytert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). The findings suggest a possible protective role of theaflavins as antioxidant.

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Zampieri, Stefania, Synthia H. Mellon, Terry D. Butters, et al. "Oxidative stress in NPC1 deficient cells: protective effect of allopregnanolone." Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 13, no. 9b (2008): 3786–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00493.x.

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Maingrette, Fritz, Sylvie Dussault, Wahiba Dhahri, et al. "Psychological stress impairs ischemia-induced neovascularization: Protective effect of fluoxetine." Atherosclerosis 241, no. 2 (2015): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.010.

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Zhu, Xiao-feng, and Hai-dong Zou. "PEDF in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Protective Effect of Oxidative Stress." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/580687.

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness in working age adults, and oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of DR. Pigment-epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a multifunctional protein, has shown to inhibit the development of DR by accumulating evidence. This paper highlights the current understanding of probable mechanism about how PEDF blocks the deterioration of DR through its antioxidative properties and application prospects of PEDF as a novel therapeutic target in DR. Gene therapy of PEDF is becoming more and more acceptable and will widely be applied to the actual treatment in the near future.

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Chiaverini, Natalie, and Marc De Ley. "Protective effect of metallothionein on oxidative stress-induced DNA damage." Free Radical Research 44, no. 6 (2010): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10715761003692511.

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Vanina, V. I., Yu A. Kovalitskaya, A. A. Kolobov, et al. "Stress-protective effect of the synthetic ACTH-like peptide leucocorticotropin." Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 32, no. 5 (2006): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1068162006050050.

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Yiannakopoulou, E. Ch, and E. Tiligada. "Protective effect of salicylates against hydrogen peroxide stress in yeast." Journal of Applied Microbiology 106, no. 3 (2009): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04061.x.

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Eroğlu, Pelin, Dilek Eke, Serap Yalın, Ayla Çelik, and Ali Yalın. "Protective effect of curcumin against perfluorooctane sulfonate induced oxidative stress." İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53, no. 2 (2023): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/istanbuljpharm.2023.1054752.

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International, BioMed Research. "Retracted: Protective Effect of Triphala against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity." BioMed Research International 2024 (March 20, 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9842820.

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46

Uranova, Valeria V., Natalia A. Lomteva, and Olga N. Kuleshova. "STUDY OF STRESS-PROTECTIVE AND ANXIOLYTIC ACTIONS OF SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS GEORGI EXTRACT UNDER "SOCIAL" STRESS." Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 15, no. 5 (2023): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2023-15-5-929.

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Background. The search for natural adaptogens is promising due to the possibility of expanding the range of drugs that contribute to the adaptation of the body to adverse environmental factors. Purpose. To study the stress-protective and anxiolytic action of the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi under conditions of "social" stress. Materials and methods. We used an extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The study of the stress-protective and anxiolytic effects of the extract was carried out on 84 male non-linear rats aged 7-9 months. The first stage of the experiment involved the study of pharmacological actions in the absence of stress, and at the second stage, under conditions of “social” stress, the expected effects were determined on animals, in the groups of which individuals of dominant and submissive types of behavior were identified. Determination of the content of corticosterone, adrenaline and noradrenaline (nmol/l) was carried out by enzyme immunoassay. Results. It was established that in the norm, the experimental groups that received the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, medicinal products "Mebikar®" and "Phezam®" showed a significant decrease in the level of corticosterone compared with the control group. At the second stage of the study in groups when modeling "social" stress, it was found that there were significant differences between the concentration of stress hormones in animals of dominant and submissive types. Administration of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract reduced hormone levels for both aggressors and victims relative to the stressed control group. We observed a decrease in the concentration of corticosterone by 1.5 and 1.5 (p<0.05) times, the level of adrenaline by 3.2 and 3.1 (p<0.05) times, the content of norepinephrine by 1.6 and 1.6 (p<0.05) times for individuals of dominant and submissive types, respectively. The presence of the leveling effect of the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract proves its anxiolytic and stress-protective effect. Conclusion. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day, when exposed to "social" stress, has a stress-protective and anxiolytic effect, reducing the severity of stress-induced changes, limiting hyperactivation of the central stress-realizing systems, correcting the endogenous antioxidant system of the body.

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Kozłowska, Monika, Hanna Bandurska, and Włodzimierz Breś. "Response of Lawn Grasses to Salinity Stress and Protective Potassium Effect." Agronomy 11, no. 5 (2021): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050843.

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The salinity effects on lawn grasses caused by mine salts (halite and carnallitite) due to road de-icing processes was the aim of this study. Biometric and physiological parameters were evaluated after salt dosage of 50 and 100 g m−2 applied to a lawn surface twice and four times, in weekly intervals. The alleviating effect to the salinity on the grasses from potassium enriched soil was also evaluated. Protective effect of potassium included mostly plasma membrane integrity and an increase in the level of photosynthetic pigments. This probably resulted in more efficient photosynthesis and thus increased lawn growth. Simultaneously, only a slight reduction in relative water content (RWC) was noted, so the recorded increase in proline level may indicate its participation in osmotic adjustment. Our results confirm the importance of proper, and even over-optimal, potassium fertilization of lawn grasses exposed to salinity. Moreover, it is advisable to use other fossil salts instead of halite for the de-icing of near-green areas. The mined salt carnallitite which, besides NaCl, contains about 30% of carnalite (KCl·MgCl2·6H2O) could be such a substance.

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Barraza-Garza, Guillermo, Hiram Castillo-Michel, Laura A. de la Rosa, et al. "Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Study the Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds in Isolated Rat Enterocytes." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9245150.

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The protective effect of different polyphenols, catechin (Cat), quercetin (Qc) (flavonoids), gallic acid (GA), caffeic acid (CfA), chlorogenic acid (ChA) (phenolic acids), and capsaicin (Cap), against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was evaluated in rat enterocytes using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIRM), and results were compared to standard lipid peroxidation techniques: conjugated dienes (CD) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). Analysis of ATR-FTIR and FTIRM spectral data allowed the simultaneous evaluation of the effects of H2O2and polyphenols on lipid and protein oxidation. All polyphenols showed a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in enterocytes, when administered before or after H2O2. Cat and capsaicin showed the highest protective effect, while phenolic acids had weaker effects and Qc presented a mild prooxidative effect (IR spectral profile of biomolecules between control and H2O2-treated cells) according to FTIR analyses. These results demonstrated the viability to use infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant effect of molecules in cell systems assays.

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Moisieieva, Nataliia, Olga Gorina, and Yuliia Akhatova. "Effect of Dalargin On Apoptosis of L929 Fibroblasts During Cold Stress." Cryoletters 44, no. 6 (2023): 352–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54680/fr23610110212.

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BACKGROUND: The search for compounds that can prevent cold stress-attributed apoptosis is of immediate interest. In this regard, the use of neuropeptides, in particular synthetic leu-enkephalin, as protectors is promising, due to their ability to prevent the development of apoptosis under some stresses. OBJECTIVE: To study apoptotic phenomena after cold stress and to evaluate the protective effect of dalargin on these processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on a L929 fibroblast line. The impact of cold stress and the protective effect of dalargin on apoptosis against cold stress were evaluated using morphological parameters, distortion of cell membrane asymmetry and release of cytochrome C into the cell cytoplasm. To assess the proliferative potential of fibroblasts, mechanical damage to the monolayer was modeled as a scratch wound. RESULTS: The study showed that cold stress induced apoptosis in L929 fibroblasts and reduced proliferation in the fibroblast monolayers. Conspicuous apoptotic changes were found to develop only after a certain time after cold exposure, when the cells were returned to normothermia. Dalargin was demonstrated to exert a protective effect on proliferation and against apoptosis during cold stress. Using the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, we revealed that the protective mechanism of dalargin appeared to be due to activation of δ -opioid receptors of L929 fibroblasts, which affected the development of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: In addition to their fundamental value, these findings are of practical importance since neuropeptides, in particular dalargin, added to perfusion solutions and media for hypothermic preservation of organs and cells, can improve their efficiency.

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Zhang, Zheng, Wei Tian, and David M. Cohen. "Urea protects from the proapoptotic effect of NaCl in renal medullary cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 279, no. 2 (2000): F345—F352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2000.279.2.f345.

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Hypertonic NaCl upregulated two sensitive and specific biochemical indices of apoptosis, caspase-3 activation and annexin V binding, in a time- and dose-dependent fashion in renal medullary mIMCD3 cells. Pretreatment with urea (200 mM for 30 min) protected from the proapoptotic effect of hypertonic stress (200 mosmol/kgH2O) in this model. The protective effect of urea was dose dependent and was effective even when applied a short time (≤1 h) following NaCl exposure; this protective effect was not observed in the nonrenal 3T3 cell line. In both mIMCD3 and 3T3 cells, urea failed to protect from the proapoptotic stressor, ultraviolet (UV)-B irradiation. The ability of urea to protect from hypertonic stress was approximately comparable to the protective effect of peptide mitogens epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor (IGF), but it potentiated the IGF effect. Interestingly, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, potentiated the proapoptotic effect of urea yet abrogated the proapoptotic effect of hypertonic stress. In aggregate, these data indicate that urea protects from the proapoptotic effect of hypertonic stress in a potentially cell type-specific and stimulus-specific fashion.

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