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Journal articles on the topic 'Stress relaxation – Testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Coufalík, Pavel, Ondřej Dašek, Jiří Kachtík, Jan Kudrna, and Svatopluk Stoklásek. "The Stress Relaxation Of Modified Bitumens." International Journal on Pavement Engineering & Asphalt Technology 16, no. 1 (2015): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijpeat-2015-0004.

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Abstract The Asphalt pavements in Central and Eastern Europe have to be resistant to high and very low temperatures and climatic changes. Especially emphasize influence of low temperatures seems to be critical parameter. That is why the modified bitumens with low temperature susceptibility and with high resistance to low temperature cracking are searched for. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) can be used as a quick method that can evaluate the modification system of bituminous binders. The advantage of DSR testing is also related to possibility of comparison of unaged and aged bitumen. The relaxat

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2

Murali Krishnan, J., and K. R. Rajagopal. "Triaxial testing and stress relaxation of asphalt concrete." Mechanics of Materials 36, no. 9 (2004): 849–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2003.08.003.

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3

Logvinov, A. N., V. I. Tregub, V. D. Yushin, and O. K. Kolerov. "Device for testing metals and alloys in stress relaxation." Measurement Techniques 36, no. 9 (1993): 1015–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00995796.

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4

Logvinov, A. N., V. I. Tregub, O. K. Kolerov, and V. D. Yushin. "A specimen for testing materials for bending stress relaxation." Measurement Techniques 35, no. 11 (1992): 1295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01821918.

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5

Ladanyi, Branko, and M. B. Benyamina. "Triaxial relaxation testing of a frozen sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 3 (1995): 496–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-052.

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The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the potential use of the laboratory stress relaxation test to determine the creep and strength properties of frozen soils. This paper presents the results of a series of laboratory step-loaded relaxation tests performed on frozen Ottawa sand under triaxial compression conditions and compares three different interpretation methods for deducing from the test results the creep and strength parameters of frozen soils. Key words : frozen sand, triaxial test, relaxation, creep parameters.

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6

Pagliarello, A., and J. Beddoes. "The stress relaxation and creep behaviour of a manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steel." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 44, no. 3 (2009): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247jsa476.

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The stress relaxation behaviour of 21–4N, a manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, is investigated in terms of the metallurgical state, the application of multiple strain levels during ‘stepped’ stress relaxation testing at 700 °C, the strain level during isostrain stress relaxation tests at 538 °C and 700 °C, and the correspondence with results from constant-load creep tests. The results indicate that for isostrain stress relaxation tests the stress relaxation rate is similar for strains that span both elastic and plastic strain levels. A transition in the stress relaxation behaviou

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7

Challa, V., L. D. Lopez, M. Osterman, and M. G. Pecht. "Stress Relaxation Testing of Stamped Metal Land-Grid-Array Sockets." IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability 10, no. 1 (2010): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdmr.2009.2032922.

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8

Schneider, Jens, Jonas Hilcken, Antti Aronen, Reijo Karvinen, John F. Olesen, and Jens Nielsen. "Stress relaxation in tempered glass caused by heat soak testing." Engineering Structures 122 (September 2016): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.04.024.

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9

Zhan, Z., and J. Tong. "Determination of creep curves from multiple hardening-relaxation testing." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 38, no. 3 (2003): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/030932403765310608.

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Multiple hardening and relaxation tests have been carried out on a nickel-based superalloy at 650°C. The stress relaxation curves were obtained at selected strain levels, from which the plastic strain rates spanning three decades were obtained. Creep curves were simulated from the relaxation test results and compared reasonably well with those obtained from the creep tests. This method may be useful in the assessment of creep resistance, particularly during the material development stage.

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10

Yang, Fuqian, Lingling Peng, and Kenji Okazaki. "Impression stress relaxation of Sn3.5Ag eutectic alloy." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 10 (2006): 2653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0335.

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The reliability of microelectronic interconnections depends on hot deformation of solders. In this work, we studied the localized stress relaxation of Sn3.5Ag eutectic alloy using the impression testing in the temperature range of 393–488 K. By incorporating the effect of internal stress in the analysis, we obtained the strain rate-stress exponent of 6.59. The activation energy for the stress relaxation is in the range from 38.6 to 43.8 kJ/mol, which compares well with the estimated activation energy of dislocation pipe diffusion, 46 kJ/mol, in pure tin. This suggests that a single mechanism o

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11

Guo, Jin Quan, Long Tian, Hui Chao Shi, and Wu Zhou Meng. "Using Stress Relaxation Data to Predict Creep Behavior." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.382.

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An estimation method to predict creep performances of high temperature structural materials has been proposed. A Stress relaxation equation is obtained by fitting stress relaxation testing curves and modifying Tanaka-Ohba reloading stress relaxation constitutive equation. Based on the relationship between stress relaxation and creep, a unified prediction equation of creep is deduced. The method is to use the unified equation to derive creep strain rates or creep strain vs. time curves from stress relaxation measurements through some specified time increments. In order to validate the approach,

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12

Woodford, David A. "Stress Relaxation Testing of Service Exposed IN738 for Creep Strength Evaluation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 122, no. 3 (2000): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1287345.

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Standard size and miniature specimens of IN738 were taken from a service exposed turbine blade and vane for comparative stress relaxation testing at 800C, 850C, and 900C. Base data taken from root section material were used to construct stress versus creep rate parametric curves which could be used directly in design. Up to five decades in creep rates were obtained at each temperature from tests lasting less than one day. The data were also presented in the form of stress versus predicted times to 0.5 percent creep which compared well with available long time creep data. Differences were noted

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13

GHAURI, I. M., NAVEED AFZAL, NAWAZ MUHAMMAD, and SAJJAD AHMED. "STRESS RELAXATION BEHAVIOR OF IRRADIATED COPPER IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 150–300 K." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 04 (2009): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909017996.

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The present study reports the stress relaxation behavior of irradiated polycrystalline 5N copper deformed in the temperature range 150 to 300 K. The wire specimens were exposed to an 18 MeV electron beam at room temperature and stress relaxation tests of the specimens were carried out during the tensile test, using universal testing machine between 150 to 300 K. Stress relaxation rate of the specimens was found to decrease with the decrease of test temperature. The decrease of the stress relaxation rate with temperature in irradiated specimens is attributed to the dislocation-defects interacti

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14

Woodford, David A. "Creep analysis of directionally solidified GTD111 based on stress relaxation testing." Materials at High Temperatures 14, no. 4 (1997): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603409.1997.11689567.

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15

Coulombier, M., G. Guisbiers, M. S. Colla, R. Vayrette, J. P. Raskin, and T. Pardoen. "On-chip stress relaxation testing method for freestanding thin film materials." Review of Scientific Instruments 83, no. 10 (2012): 105004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4758288.

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16

Oyen, Michelle L., Robert F. Cook, Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos, Victor H. Barocas, Steven E. Calvin, and Daniel V. Landers. "Uniaxial and biaxial mechanical behavior of human amnion." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 11 (2005): 2902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0382.

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Chorioamnion, the membrane surrounding a fetus during gestation, is a structural soft tissue critical for maintaining a successful pregnancy and delivery. However, the mechanical behavior of this tissue membrane is poorly understood. The structural component of chorioamnion is the amnion sublayer, which provides the membrane’s mechanical integrity via a dense collagen network and is the focus of this investigation. Amnion uniaxial and planar equi-biaxial tension testing was performed using cyclic loading and stress-relaxation. Cyclic testing demonstrated dramatic energy dissipation in the firs

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17

Zhan, Li Hua, Yan Guang Li, Ming Hui Huang, and Jian Guo Lin. "Comparative Study of Creep and Stress Relaxation Behavior for 7055 Aluminum Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 772–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.772.

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In order to study the similarities and dissimilarities between creep and stress relaxation behavior of age formed aluminum alloys, both creep ageing and stress relaxation ageing experiments have been conducted with plate shaped 7055 aluminum alloy specimens on the 100 KN tensile testing machine performed at 120 °C for 20 h, under different stress levels from 190.0 to 357.8 MPa. The experimental results show that similar variation trends for creep and stress relaxation behavior were observed. Both creep and stress relaxation curves can be divided into two stages. During the first stage, higher

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18

Asare, S., A. G. Thomas, and J. J. C. Busfield. "Cyclic Stress Relaxation (Csr) of Filled Rubber and Rubber Components." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 82, no. 1 (2009): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3557000.

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Abstract Under repeated stressing it is well known that rubber materials exhibit cyclic stress relaxation (CSR). Previous work has shown that the amount of relaxation observed from cycle to cycle is significantly greater than that expected from static relaxation measurements. The reduction in the stress attained on the second and successive loading cycles as compared to the stress attained on the first cycle in a stress strain cyclic test of fixed amplitude has been measured for elastomer test pieces and engineering components. It is seen that the peak force, under cyclic testing to a specific

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19

Jaggy, Florina, Spiros Zinelis, Georgios Polychronis, et al. "ATR-FTIR Analysis and One-Week Stress Relaxation of Four Orthodontic Aligner Materials." Materials 13, no. 8 (2020): 1868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081868.

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The aim of this study was to estimate possible differences in the chemical composition and relaxation of orthodontic aligner materials. Four commercially available thermoplastic materials CAM (Scheu-Dental, Iserlohn, Germany), COP (Essix, Dentsply Raintree Essix Sarasota, FL, USA), DUR (Great Lakes Dental Technologies, Tonawanda, NY) and ERK (Erkodent Erich Kopp, Pfalzgrafenweiler Germany) were included in this study. Rectangular strips from each material were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and subjected to attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR

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20

Ellis, F. V., and Sebastian Tordonato. "Calculation of Stress Relaxation Properties for Type 422 Stainless Steel." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 122, no. 1 (1999): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.556152.

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Analytical life prediction methods are being developed for high-temperature turbine and valve studs/bolts. In order to validate the approach, the calculated results are compared to the results of uniaxial stress relaxation testing, bolt model testing, and service experience. Long time creep, creep-rupture, and stress relaxation tests were performed by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan (NRIM) for 12 Cr-1 Mo-1 W-1/4V, Type 422 stainless steel bolting material, at 500, 550, and 600°C. Based on these results and limited tests for a service-exposed bolt, the creep behavior can be

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21

Xiong, Zuqiang, Changsheng Song, Chengdong Su, Xiaolei Wang, Cheng Wang, and Yu Hao. "Uniaxial Compression Creep Relaxation and Grading of Coal Samples via Tests on the Progressive Failure Characteristics." Geofluids 2019 (February 7, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9069546.

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An RMT-150B electrohydraulic servo testing system was used to perform uniaxial compression and uniaxial grading relaxation (creep) tests. The deformation, strength, and failure characteristics of the progressive failure process of coal samples under three loading modes were analyzed. The analysis results show that the prepeak stress-strain curve of the coal samples and the load relationships are not clear and that the whole compression process of coal still showed compression, elastic, yielding, and failure stages. The local stress drop characteristics during our relaxation creep grading tests

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22

Daleo, J. A., K. A. Ellison, and D. A. Woodford. "Application of Stress Relaxation Testing in Metallurgical Life Assessment Evaluations of GTD111 Alloy Turbine Buckets." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121, no. 1 (1999): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816299.

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Stress relaxation and constant displacement rate tensile tests were performed on polycrystalline GTD111 alloy material removed from General Electric MS6001B first stage combustion turbine buckets. Samples were examined in the standard heat treated condition, thermally exposed at 900°C for 5000 hours and from service run buckets. Creep rates of the material were measured and evaluated directly in terms of temperature capability at 850°C and 900°C. Stress relaxation tests done at 0.8 percent total strain indicated that the creep rate properties in the service exposed airfoil were an order of mag

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23

Yushin, Valentin Dmitrievich, Valery Ivanovich Tregub, and Sergey V. Voronin. "Study of Stress Relaxation for 5056 Alloy in Vacuum Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 684 (February 2016): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.684.335.

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The aim of the presented work is to establish relationship of behavior of stress relaxation process in 5056 alloy in vacuum conditions for stress levels of 116 MPa, 83 MPa and 50 MPa and temperatures of 293 K and 353 K. Method of circular specimens with equal flexural strength was used as the main method for stress relaxation testing. Results of the studies allowed to develop the advanced methodology for evaluation of stress relaxation, which increases measurement accuracy up to 0.04 MPa. Increase of accuracy was achieved using the proposed new shape of a specimen of equal flexural strength, i

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Dymáček, Petr, Ferdinand Dobeš, and Luboš Kloc. "Small Punch Testing of Sanicro 25 Steel and its Correlation with Uniaxial Tests." Key Engineering Materials 734 (April 2017): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.734.70.

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Small punch testing under constant deflection rate, constant force and constant deflection (i.e. force relaxation) were performed on the new austenitic steel Sanicro 25. Constant deflection rate experiments were correlated to uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature and 700°C with the help of several empirical relationships. Small punch creep testing was performed in as received state. Correlation of the small punch results with uniaxial creep test results was done and the force/stress ratio Ψ and kSP parameter were determined. The constant deflection small punch test was correlated with the

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25

Zhou, Xiao Yu, and Yi Zhong Yu. "Transform a Mechanical Testing Machine into High-Temperature Disk Spring Stress Relaxation Test Equipment." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 3224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.3224.

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Prediction of disk spring failure life due to stress relaxation is necessary for users; the problem was not solved before. According to special test requirement, we modified a 100N mechanical testing machine into high temperature testing equipment which can be used for different types of disk spring. With a test for 36 days on a group of 45×22.5×3.5×2.5 mm disk springs, a result of prediction of 3.38% load loss ratio after 12 years relaxation is obtained, these disk springs are qualified. Our modified equipment has the advantages of real time, heavy loading, high sensitivity and good generalit

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Sun, Wei Ming, Bing Bing Chen, Wei Ya Jin, and Zeng Liang Gao. "Stress Relaxation Testing For Analysis of 12Cr1MoVG Steel for Creep Strength Evaluation." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.408.

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The design of pressurized components at elevated temperature is limited by available mechanical properties that often do not span appropriate range of stress, time, strain and temperature. To improve the design process, a new approach based on short-time stress relaxation test (SRT) is introduced in steel tensile creep analysis. The experiments are implemented using SRT and tested for creep properties of 12Cr1MoVG steel at 560 °C. The results of creep curves agree well with the traditional constant load creep test data. The possibility to apply SRT approach is shown promising in the design of

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Wu, Miao, Michael Heinz, and Norbert Vennemann. "Investigation of Un-Vulcanized Natural Rubber by Means of Temperature Scanning Stress Relaxation Measurements." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.117.

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Two different types of un-vulcanized natural rubber, air dried sheets (ADS) and SVR-3L block rubber, were investigated by a new testing method and the results are compared with other mechanical properties. It was found that green strength is strongly reduced if the sample is thermally treated before testing. Presumably, the decrease of strength is caused by a decrease of branch points, mainly composed of phospholipids, which are linked to the a - terminal groups of the rubber molecules. The existence of two different types of branch points is indicated by relaxation spectra, obtained from te

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FRIEDLANDER, LARRY, MARK A. LUMLEY, TIFFANY FARCHIONE, and GUY DOYAL. "Testing the Alexithymia Hypothesis: Physiological and Subjective Responses During Relaxation and Stress." Journal of Nervous &amp Mental Disease 185, no. 4 (1997): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199704000-00003.

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NAGARAJA, S., M. BALL, and R. GULDBERG. "Time-dependent damage accumulation under stress relaxation testing of bovine trabecular bone." International Journal of Fatigue 29, no. 6 (2007): 1034–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.09.019.

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Ding, J. L., and W. N. Findley. "On Using Stress Relaxation Tests to Characterize Material Behavior." Journal of Applied Mechanics 54, no. 2 (1987): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3173018.

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Stress relaxation tests, in which the gage length of the specimen was maintained constant by servocontrol, were performed on 2618-T61 aluminum. The test results, which were independent of the stiffness of the testing machine, were converted into a relation between stress and inelastic strain rate. It was found that the contribution by the anelastic component to the total stress relaxation was significant only in the initial stage. The validity of using the obtained stress versus inelastic-strain-rate relation to characterize the material behavior is also discussed. Results do not substantiate

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Liu, Ru, Jinzhen Cao, and Yu Chen. "Stress relaxation of composites made of polypropylene and organo-montmorillonite modified wood flour during water immersion." Holzforschung 71, no. 2 (2017): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2016-0116.

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Abstract Wood flour (WF) was modified with sodium-montmorillonite (Na-MMT) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) to form an organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) inside WF at different OMMT concentrations from 0.25 to 1%. The modified WF was blended with polypropylene (PP) to produce PP/WF composites at a weight ratio of 1:1 by compression molding. The composites were immersed in water and their stress relaxation behaviors were investigated at 26, 40, and 60°C, respectively. Results: (1) All composites show stress relaxation with increasing compression testing time, indicating that they have p

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Stoia, Dan Ioan, Cosmina Vigaru, and Lucian Rusu. "Experimental and Theoretic Viscoelastic Behavior of Functional Spinal Unit, In Stress Relaxation Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 801 (October 2015): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.801.262.

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The objective of the study was to design a simulation model that approximates the real viscoelastic behavior of spinal units in stress relaxation tests. The spinal units were sampled from porcine and used in fresh condition, without frizzing or drying. The mechanical tests were conducted on Mecmesin5i testing machine using the appropriate devices for compression tests. On the other hand, using Maxwell constitutive equation for relaxation, a Simulink model was created. At the end, the relaxation curve derived from the simulation model was draw next to experimental obtained data in order to repr

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Ladanyi, B., and M. Melouki. "Determination of creep properties of frozen soils by means of the borehole stress relaxation test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 1 (1993): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-015.

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The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the potential use of the borehole stress relaxation test to determine the creep and strength properties of frozen soils in situ. The paper presents the results of a series of laboratory pressuremeter relaxation tests performed in frozen sand and compares three possible interpretation methods for deducing from the test results the creep and strength parameters of frozen soils. Key words : borehole relaxation, pressuremeter, in situ testing, creep and strength properties, frozen soil.

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Xu, Shu Sheng, Xiang Guo Zeng, Zhan Hua Gao, Hua Yan Chen, and Jing Hong Fan. "Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Cyclic Relaxation of Die Cast Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.991.

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Magnesium alloys are among the best light-weight structural material with a relatively high strength-to-weight ratio end excellent technological properties. Therefore, magnesium attracts special attention of researchers working in automotive and aircraft industry. This work paid the efforts to the structural components made out of magnesium alloy AM60 such as chassis, transmission case in automotive, where the components are subject to cyclic loading after being pre-loaded. In this study, the cyclic stress-strain behaviors were investigated by strain-controlled fatigue testing. In order to inv

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Carcel, B., A. C. Carcel, and P. Arrué. "Creep Behaviour of Closed Cell Aluminium Foams from Stress Relaxation Tests." Key Engineering Materials 423 (December 2009): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.423.131.

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Creep behaviour of closed cell aluminium foams and transitions from power law to power law breakdown (PLB) creep regimes are investigated from results of stress relaxation tests (SRT) carried out on Alporas foams with densities between 0.20 to 0.32 g/cm3. Tests were carried out at temperatures between 200°C and 300°C and stress relaxation was measured from the collapse stress under compression of the foams. Under similar foam density, temperature and stress conditions, the values of strain rate calculated from SRT tests were of the same order of magnitude than those previously reported in the

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Azanza Ricardo, Cristy Leonor, G. Degan, M. Bandini, and Paolo Scardi. "Residual Stress Depth-Profiling in Shot-Peened Al Alloy Components Subjected to Fatigue Testing." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2464.

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The residual stress profile in a shot-peened Al alloy component was studied by a recently proposed method based on the known procedure of progressive thinning and X-ray Diffraction measurements. The effect the cyclic stress on the fatigue life was studied in detail, showing the correlation between nominal load and residual stress relaxation. Besides showing the expected decrease of compressive stress with the load and number of cycles, the present work highlights the importance of changes in the through-the-thickness residual stress distribution.

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Zhang, Wei Wei, and Hong Xu. "Calculation of Reloading Stress Relaxation Behavior Based on Creep Equations for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V Steel." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.131.

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In order to analyze the stress relaxation behavior under repeated loadings for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V steel, a stress relaxation model based on creep equations has been developed. The model was implemented into the ANSYS finite element program in terms of user define material model. The calculated results were compared to the observed results of uniaxial reloading stress relaxation testing, which were performed by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan (NRIM) for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V stainless steel bolting material at 500°C. It was shown that the proposed model could be applied for the prese

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Champion, Yannick, and Sophie Nowak. "Activation Volume in Fine Grained Metals from Stress Relaxation and Nano-Indentation." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.399.

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Fine grained copper was studied using the stress relaxation technique and creep testing in nano-indentation, to determine the activation volume involved in the micro-mechanism of the deformation. This material exhibits a near-perfect elasto-plastic deformation, featured by a steep work-hardening, after the elastic domain, followed by flow at a constant stress. Measurements of the activation volumes in the various domains reveal the role of the dislocations and the variation in the dislocation density in the deformation mechanism. This emphasizes the importance, in the determination of the acti

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Li, Ya, Jinghe Wang, Wenjie Zhai, Yu Li, and Shen Dong. "Stress Relaxation Testing of Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells Using Atomic Force Microscopy." Current Nanoscience 8, no. 5 (2012): 676–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341312802884463.

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Chandler, H. D. "Work hardening characteristics of copper from constant strain rate and stress relaxation testing." Materials Science and Engineering: A 506, no. 1-2 (2009): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.11.020.

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41

Beddoes, J. "Prediction of creep properties for two nickel-base superalloys from stress relaxation testing." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 46, no. 6 (2011): 416–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309324711407707.

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42

Son, Michelle M., and L. Daniel Latt. "Hindfoot Bone Viscoelasticity and Stress Relaxation." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (2019): 2473011419S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00403.

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Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis, Basic Sciences/Biologics, Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Hindfoot arthrodeses have a non-union rate as high as 40%. Compression at the arthrodesis site plays a key role in stimulating bone growth leading to successful fusion. The ability to obtain and maintain compression depends not only on the surgical technique and the hardware which develop the compressive force but also on the response of the bone to compression. Bone, like other musculoskeletal tissues, is viscoelastic meaning that it has properties of both fluids and solids. Because bone is viscoelastic

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Garner, Amy, Moneeb Genedy, Usama Kandil, and Mahmoud Reda Taha. "Controlling off-axis stiffness and stress-relaxation of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer using alumina nanoparticles." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 18 (2017): 2483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317748466.

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This investigation experimentally examines the effect of incorporating alumina nanoparticles on the off-axis stiffness and stress-relaxation of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Four epoxy–alumina nanoparticle nanocomposites incorporating 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 wt% alumina nanoparticles of the total weight of epoxy are examined. Off-axis tension stiffness and stress-relaxation tests were performed on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer coupons fabricated with alumina nanoparticles–epoxy nanocomposites. Dynamic mechanical analysis testing of neat epoxy and epoxy nanocomposites incorporati

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GHAURI, I. M., NAVEED AFZAL, and N. A. ZYREK. "A STUDY OF STRESS RELAXATION RATE IN UN-IRRADIATED AND NEUTRON-IRRADIATED STAINLESS STEEL." Modern Physics Letters B 21, no. 05 (2007): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798490701258x.

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Stress relaxation rate in un-irradiated and neutron-irradiated 303 stainless steel was investigated at room temperature. The specimens were exposed to 100 mC, Ra-Be neutron source of continuous energy 2–12 MeV for a period ranging from 4 to 16 days. The tensile deformation of the specimens was carried out using a Universal Testing Machine at 300 K. During the deformation, straining was frequently interrupted by arresting the cross head to observe stress relaxation at fixed load. Stress relaxation rate, s, was found to be stress dependent i.e. it increased with increasing stress levels σ0 both

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Woodford, David A., Andrew A. Wereszczak, and Wate T. Bakker. "Stress Relaxation Testing as a Basis for Creep Analysis and Design of Silicon Nitride." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 122, no. 2 (2000): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483196.

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A new approach to tensile creep testing and analysis based on stress relaxation is described for sintered silicon nitride. Creep rate data covering up to five orders of magnitude were generated in tests lasting less than one day. Tests from various initial stresses at temperatures from 1250°C to 1350°C were analyzed and compared with creep rates measured during conventional constant load testing. It was shown that at least 40 percent of the creep strain accumulated under all test conditions was recoverable, and that the deformation could properly be described as viscoelastic/plastic. Tests wer

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Hu, Yong Hui, Yun Xin Wu, Guang Yu Wang, and Jun Kang Guo. "Surface Yield Strength Gradient versus Residual Stress Relaxation of 7075 Aluminum Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.241.

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Different distributed residual stresses were introduced by quenching and two shot-peening treatments on 7075 aluminum alloy. The residual stress distributions and micro-hardness profiles in surface layers were measured. Pre-stress coefficient characterizing contribution of local residual stresses to local yield strength is introduced to analyze residual stress relaxation under cyclic loading. Load testing shows that re-distribution of residual stresses and proportional decrease of the pre-stress coefficient would occur in the non-uniform structural residual stresses introduced by quenching, wh

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Rae, W., and S. Rahimi. "Effect of stress relaxation on the evolution of residual stress during heat treatment of Ti-6Al-4V." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032111001.

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Titanium alloys, such as Ti-6Al-4V, are extensively used in critical aerospace applications. Heat treatments are often conducted during forging processes to produce final microstructures which exhibit advantageous mechanical properties. However, high thermal gradients present during processing may lead to the generation of undesirable levels of residual stress. Stress relief can be achieved by conducting aging or annealing treatments at elevated temperatures, yet there is limited quantitative understanding of how holding temperature affects the evolution of residual stress. Stress relaxation t

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Li, Si Chen, Ting Yao, Yu Jiang Wang, et al. "Determination of Tensile Creep and Stress Relaxation of Concrete by Ring Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1172.

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The understanding of stress relaxation and tensile creep behavior is extremely important in accurate stress analysis and crack prediction of early-age concrete. The free shrinkage deformations of concrete with different strength grade were examined. The early-age tensile elastic modulus of concrete was investigated through temperature-stress testing machine. The tensile creep and shrinkage stress were obtained through the modified restrained ring test. The results indicate that the development of free shrinkage coordinates well with the inner strain of steel ring. Tensile creep decreases as wa

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Kuo, Wen-Yih, Jong-Shin Huang, and Bien-You Yu. "Evaluation of strengthening through stress relaxation testing of organo-modified montmorillonite reinforced cement mortars." Construction and Building Materials 25, no. 6 (2011): 2771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.01.001.

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Rossi, P., C. Annino, W. Baker, et al. "Stress relaxation testing of pre-compression ring mock-up for the ITER magnet system." Fusion Engineering and Design 84, no. 7-11 (2009): 1649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.024.

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