Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stress-strain-relationship

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Stress-strain-relationship'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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HONDA, Michinori, Atsushi IIZUKA, Katsuyuki KAWAI, and Daizo KARUBE. "Stress-Strain Relationship for Unsaturated Soil." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 659 (2000): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.2000.659_153.

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YUU, Shinichi, Sazo NAKAMPURA, and Takeharu FURUSAWA. "The stress-strain relationship in powder." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 23, no. 12 (1986): 882–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.23.882.

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Nubar, Yves. "STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP IN SKELETAL MUSCLE." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 93, no. 21 (December 15, 2006): 859–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1962.tb30512.x.

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Schneeberger, H. "The stress-strain relationship of concrete." Materials and Structures 27, no. 2 (March 1994): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02472826.

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Weizsäcker, Hans W., Thomas D. Kampp, and Ramesh N. Vaishnav. "Stress — Strain relationship of venous tissue." Journal of Biomechanics 20, no. 9 (January 1987): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(87)90238-7.

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Kapustin, V. I., and V. M. Stepanov. "Stress-strain relationship for periodic loading." Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 47, no. 3 (May 2006): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10808-006-0066-4.

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Dobrzanski jr, B., and R. Rybczynski. "STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP FOR FRUIT FIRMNESS ESTIMATION." Acta Horticulturae, no. 485 (March 1999): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1999.485.15.

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Han, Bo, Hong Jian Liao, Wuchuan Pu, and Zheng Hua Xiao. "Study on Stress-Strain Relationship of Loess." Key Engineering Materials 274-276 (October 2004): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.274-276.241.

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Poh, K. W. "Stress-Strain-Temperature Relationship for Structural Steel." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 13, no. 5 (October 2001): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2001)13:5(371).

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Mei, Guo-xiong, Qi-ming Chen, and Peng-ming Jiang. "Stress-strain relationship of unsaturated cohesive soil." Journal of Central South University of Technology 17, no. 3 (June 2010): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-010-0536-y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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Layne, Christina Mann. "The Relationship of Occupational Stress, Psychological Strain, and Coping Resources to the Turnover Intentions of Rehabilitation Counselors." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29374.

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The Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R) and an Individual Data Form were used to determine the turnover intentions of rehabilitation counselors based on an interactive model of stress, strain, and coping. Occupational stress, strain, coping resources, and turnover intentions were examined in relationship with various demographic variables collected from a national sample of 982 members of the American Rehabilitation Counselors Association (ARCA). Demographic variables included age, gender, ethnicity, certification status as a Certified Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC), years of experience, practice setting, the number of clients on a counselor's caseload, and the amount of hours worked per week. Data were collected through a mail survey, with a response rate of 67% (N = 657). However, of those respondents only 22% (N=145) had complete data and met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criterion consisted of considering oneself to be employed full-time as a practicing rehabilitation counselor. Based on the usable data (N=145), respondents were on average 44 years old and Caucasian, with 63% being female. Over half of the respondents were certified as rehabilitation counselors, with an average number of nine years of certification. The average number of years of experience as a rehabilitation counselor was approximately ten and respondents worked an average of 45 hours per week with an average caseload size of 88 clients. Path analysis was used to analyze causal relationships among turnover related variables. The hypothesized model included age, experience, number of clients on a caseload, occupational stress, strain, coping resources, and turnover intention. The tested model explained 37.5% of the variance in turnover intentions. The results suggest that the turnover intentions of rehabilitation counselors is meaningfully accounted for by variables contained in the model. Occupational stress produced the largest significant effect (B=.404) and had the most influence on turnover intentions. This indicates that it is occupational stress inherent in the job functions of rehabilitation counselors, and not individual coping resources or demographic variables that account for turnover in the field of rehabilitation. Therefore rehabilitation agencies should examine the roles that they place rehabilitation counselors in versus the individual characteristics of rehabilitation counselors in order to reduce turnover in the field.
Ph. D.
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Elitharp, Toni. "The Relationship of Occupational Stress, Psychological Strain, Satisfaction with Job, Commitment to the Profession, Age, and Resilience to the Turnover Intentions of Special Education Teachers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29578.

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This paper presents findings from a study of factors that lead to special education teacher attrition and retention involving 212 special educators in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Structural equation modeling was used to test a hypothesized model of the relationship between Teacher/Administrative Support, Role Dissonance, Psychological Strain, Satisfaction with Job, Commitment to the Profession, Age, and Psychological Resilience to determine which variables directly and indirectly affect the turnover intentions of special education teachers. Structural equation modeling identified a path model wherein nine variables had a statistically significant influence on special education teacher turnover intentions. This paper reports on significant findings that emphasize for the first time the role of psychological resilience in the study of special education teacher retention. In addition, the confirmed path model suggests that one's perception of the effects of adversity due to physical or sexual abuse and adversity due to family loss play some role related to resilience. As the perception of Psychological Resilience increases, Commitment to the Profession increases, and the Intent to Leave the field of special education decreases.
Ph. D.
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Chivante, Maurício Roberto de Pinho. "Avaliação experimental das relações tensão-deformação de um tecido de fibra de vidro recoberto com PTFE." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-18122009-134136/.

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Com o crescente uso de estruturas de membrana tensionada, as relações tensãodeformação do tecido utilizado em sua fabricação devem ser bem entendidas. Deste modo, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre o comportamento mecânico de um tecido arquitetônico PTFE-vidro, ressaltando seu complexo mecanismo de deformação que engloba efeitos de anisotropia, não-linearidade física, troca de ondulações, histerese, remoção do espaçamento entre os fios e variação de temperatura. Diferentes métodos para modelagem do material foram estudados, com ênfase no modelo de material ortótropo representado por um funcional energia de deformação hiperelástico. Além disso, vários protocolos para ensaios de tração em tecidos recobertos foram analisados e uma série de ensaios biaxiais com amostras cruciformes foram realizados no Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento da Birdair, Inc. Um determinado funcional energia de deformação foi então ajustado aos dados de campo obtidos nestes testes, cujos resultados foram então comparados diretamente aos dados obtidos em campo e a um ajuste direto de uma superfície suave tensão-deformação. A performance do modelo ajustado não se encontra ainda em um patamar de aplicação industrial, entretanto este estudo permite um entendimento global dos mecanismos de deformação do tecido PTFEvidro, fornecendo também uma massa de dados consistentes que podem ser utilizados em situações práticas.
Considering the growing use of tensioned membrane structures, the stress-strain relation of the fabric used on its construction must be well understood. This dissertation presents a study of the mechanical behavior of a PTFE coated fiberglass fabric, emphasizing its complex strain mechanism which is influenced by the material anisotropy, physical non-linearity, crimp interchange, hysteresis, removal of yarn spacing and changes in temperature. Different material models were studied, focusing on an orthotropic material model represented by a hyperelastic strain energy function. Also, different test protocols were reviewed and a series of biaxial tests on cruciform samples were performed at the Birdair, Inc.s Research and Development Center. A strain energy function was adjusted to the collected data and than its results compared to the data itself and to another stress-strain function directly adjusted to the data. The performance of the strain-energy function chosen is not on a level of industrial application; however this study gives a global understanding of the PTFE coated fiberglass strain mechanism and also provides a consistent database that may be used on real situations.
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Jesse, Dirk, and Frank Jesse. "Tragverhalten von Textilbeton unter zweiaxialer Zugbeanspruchung." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1244044565376-12043.

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Das Tragverhalten von Textilbeton ist stark nicht-linear und der Verlauf der Spannungs-Dehnungs-Beziehung hängt von zahlreichen Parametern ab. Unter einaxialer Zugbelastung existieren bereits umfangreiche experimentelle Untersuchungen und theoretische Modelle zur Beschreibung des Tragverhaltens. In vielen Anwendungen, z. B. bei Querkraft- und Torsionsbeanspruchung, sind die Beanspruchungen jedoch nicht einaxial und/oder nicht axial zur Bewehrungsrichtung, und es kommt zu Interaktionen der beiden Bewehrungshauptrichtungen, primär infolge des Einflusses zweier Risssysteme in den beiden Hauptrichtungen. Das Tragverhalten textiler AR-Glas- und Carbonbewehrungen unter zweiaxialen Zugbeanspruchungen wurde experimentell untersucht, um diese Einflüsse qualitativ und quantitativ beschreiben zu können. In diesem Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse vorgestellt.
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Tyler, Carmen M. "How the Illness Experience Predicts Key Psychosocial Outcomes in Veterans with Brain Injury." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1494576111782556.

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Cox, Brennan Daniel. "Individual differences in the stressor-strain relationship the role of ability-based emotional intelligence /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Theses/COX_BRENNAN_30.pdf.

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Lubonovich, Phoebe. "The Relationship Between Exercise Stage of Change and Job Strain Variables." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1087837290.

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Weyers, Megan. "Optimised mix composition and structural behaviour of Ultra-High-Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73097.

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The overall objective of this study was to develop an optimised Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) matrix based on the modified Andreasen and Andersen optimum particle packing model by using available South African materials. The focus of this study was to determine the optimum combined fibre and superplasticiser content for UHPC by using a response surface design. The UHPC was appropriately designed, produced and tested. Various changes in mechanical properties resulting from different combinations of steel fibre and superplasticiser contents was investigated. The flowability, density and mechanical properties of the designed UHPC were measured and analysed. Both the fibre and superplasticiser content play a significant role in the flowability of the fresh concrete. The addition of fibres significantly improved the strength of the concrete. The results show that the superplasticiser content can be increased if a more workable mix is required without decreasing the strength significantly. The statistical analysis of the response surface methodology confirms that the designed models can be used to navigate the design space defined by the Central Composite Design. The optimum combined fibre and superplasticiser content depend on the required mechanical properties and cost. Using the modified Andreasen and Andersen particle packing model and surface response design methodology, it is possible to efficiently produce a dense Ultra-High-Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) with a relatively low binder amount, low fibre content and good workability. The effect of heat curing on the mechanical properties was investigated. It was concluded that heat curing is not recommended when considering the long-term strength development. The estimated strength development of concrete obtained by using the fib Model Code 2010 (2013) does not incorporate the detrimental effect of high curing temperatures on long-term strength and therefore overestimate the long-term strengths. The strength estimates for both early and long-term ages can be improved by considering this effect in the strength development functions obtained from fib Model Code 2010 (2013). The effect of specimen size on the compressive and flexural tensile strength of UHPFRC members were established. It was found that the specimen size has a significant effect on the measured cube compressive strength. Smaller beam specimens showed higher ductility compared to those of the larger beam specimens. The crack width decreased as the beam’s depth decreased. A lower variability was experienced in the beams with limited depth (< 45 mm). Further testing is required to determine whether a span-to-depth ratio of 10 would yield optimum results. The utilisation of by-products, such as undensified silica fume and fly ash, as cement replacement materials makes UHPFRC sustainable, leading to a reduced life-cycle cost. The calculated Embodied Energy per unit strength (EE/unit strength) and Embodied Carbon per unit strength (EC/unit strength) values for the UHPFRC mixture yield lower values compared to that of the 30 MPa concrete mixture, indicating that UHPFRC can be used to reduce the environmental footprint of the concrete industry. The inverse analysis method used was successful in providing an improved simplified stress-strain response for the UHPFRC. The analysis provided valuable information into the stress-strain, load-deflection and moment-curvature responses of the UHPFRC. Standard material test results were used to theoretically calculate moment-curvature responses and were then compared to the experimental results obtained. The study demonstrated that it is possible to efficiently produce a dense and workable UHPFRC with relatively low binder amount and low fibre content. This can result in more cost-effective UHPFRC, thus improving the practical application thereof.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Civil Engineering
MEng (Structural engineering)
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Harper, Christopher Scott. "Family-Supportive Supervisory Behaviors as a Moderator of the Relationship between Job Strain and Workers' Blood Pressure." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/198.

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in industrialized nations. Research indicates that job strain may be significantly related to cardiovascular disease in employees with little to no social support. Using the JDC-S model developed by Karasek (1979) and elaborated upon by Johnson and Hall (1988), the family-supportive supervisory behaviors (FSSB) measure created by Hammer et al., (2009), and the blood pressure wrist monitor device Omron317T, this study examined FSSB as a moderator of the relationship between job strain, job demands, job control and workers' blood pressure on work and non-work days. Sixty-nine grocery store workers from a Midwest grocery store chain participated in this study, fifty-six of which were included in the analyses. Though none of the interactions were significant at the .05 level, results indicate that FSSB is significantly related to a number of blood pressure readings at the grand centered mean of job strain, job control, and job demands.
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Yakubu, Yakubu A. "The relationship between environmental health status, the attributes of female caregivers and the health status of care recipients in low-income areas in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2885.

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Thesis (DPhil (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
Informal caregivers play an important role in the well-being of dependent members in a household. The burdens of these caregivers are multiple and pervasive and may contribute to mental health epidemiology as a result of worry, grief, anxiety and stress. The literature review revealed that studies in caregiving and its various facets began from a pragmatically applied interest rather than from theoretical and intellectual curiosity. The majority of the research on caregiver burden involves meta-analysis of qualitative studies with little quantitative research. Also, many of these studies are concentrated on caregivers of chronically ill patients, such as those suffering from dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and heart disease, without much attention to care burden resulting from caring for those who are not necessarily ill. Similar studies by other researchers did not consider the impact of the physical health of the care recipients or the environmental factors that are critical in the study of female caregiver burden in low-income settings. In addition, existing studies did not adequately evaluate the many potential factors that may vary and influence the lives of the caregivers, especially in a single, comprehensive model. This study attempted to provide a more complete picture of these relationships in low-income and culturally diverse settings. The study population consisted of black/African and coloured populations living in subsidised or low-cost housing settlements. In each of the two different cultural communities, 100 black/African and 100 coloured female caregivers were selected through a systematic random sampling procedure. In addition, data were also collected from caregivers in Tamale, Ghana to assess differences between the socio-demographic profiles of the caregivers in Cape Town, South Africa and Tamale, Ghana. The theoretical paradigm used in this study is the Stress Process Model by Pearlin et al., (1990). The study instrument assessed caregiver burden with both objective and subjective measures through the use of a fully structured questionnaire. The information that was collected according to the constructs of the Stress Process Model included personal and role strains and incorporated the physical health of the care recipients and environmental factors such as kitchen and toilet hygiene. Inclusion criteria for the respondents in both Cape Town and Tamale were the principal female caregivers who were present, willing, and able to give informed consent. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 22) was used for the analyses. The Chi-square test was used to assess the relationships between environmental health, the socio-demographics of the female caregivers and the health status of the care recipients. The hierarchical regression analysis in the form of a General Linear Model was used to model caregiving burden. iv The results showed that the majority of the female caregivers were in the age group 40 – 49 years and in both Cape Town and Tamale, a large proportion was in the low-income group. Also, the majority of the informal caregivers in the two samples were in care tasks as a full-time job, providing more than 40 hours of care per week. Regarding the length of time in caregiving, a large proportion of the caregivers in both Cape Town and Tamale had been in the care role for more than three years preceding the survey, and almost all the caregivers in the Cape Town sample (98.4%) did not use any form of caregiving programme to ameliorate the negative effects of caregiving. Further, the results showed statistically significant relationships between the socio-demographic characteristics of female caregivers (age, education, population group and income status) and the diarrhoea status of the care recipients. Also, a significant relationship was shown between environmental health variables of the home (kitchen hygiene and toilet hygiene) and the physical health of the care recipients. The major predictors of female caregiver burden in the samples were the physical health of the care recipients and access to social grants. On the basis of the analyses, it was recommended that the government should recognise the importance of the physical health of the care recipients and increase the amounts of social grants to the caregivers since this could improve the circumstances of both the caregivers and the care recipients. In addition, this could aid in improving the standard of living of caregivers in these households. Future research in similar settings should disaggregate the data to compare the burden of caring for caregivers of physically strong care recipients with physically ill care recipients.
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Books on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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Modelling the stress-strain relationship in work settings. London: Routledge, 1998.

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Berkovits, Avraham. Relationship between fatigue life in the creep-fatigue region and stress-strain response. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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Radhakrishnan, V. On bilinearity of Manson-Coffin low-cycle-fatigue relationship. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. On bilinearity of Manson-Coffin low-cycle-fatigue relationship. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. On bilinearity of Manson-Coffin low-cycle-fatigue relationship. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Radhakrishnan, V. On bilinearity of Manson-Coffin low-cycle-fatigue relationship. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Staff, Koslowsky M. Modelling Stress-Strain Relationship in Work Settings. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Koslowsky, Meni. Modelling the Stress-Strain Relationship in Work Settings. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Koslowsky, Meni. Modelling the Stress-Strain Relationship in Work Settings. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Koslowsky, Meni. Modelling the Stress-Strain Relationship in Work Settings. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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Javidinejad, Amir. "Stress and Strain Relationship." In Essentials of Mechanical Stress Analysis, 13–35. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003311218-2.

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Zhou, Y. C., Y. P. Jiang, and Y. Pan. "Residual Stress and Stress-Strain Relationship of Electrodeposited Nickel Coatings." In Macro-, Meso-, Micro- and Nano-Mechanics of Materials, 21–30. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-979-2.21.

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Shao, Zhuoping, and Fuli Wang. "Mechanical Characteristics and Stress–Strain Relationship of Wood Structure." In The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials, 11–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9017-2_2.

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Pawar, Akshay J., and Shiwanand R. Suryawanshi. "Assessment of Stress–Strain Relationship for Recycled Aggregate Concrete." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 279–84. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8496-8_36.

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Yin, Jian, Yi Jin Li, Xiong Zhang, and Shi Qiong Zhou. "Experimental Study on Stress-Strain Relationship of New-Old Concrete." In Environmental Ecology and Technology of Concrete, 536–42. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-983-0.536.

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Chen, Dongsheng, Bo Li, Tao Gao, and Yani Hui. "Stress-strain relationship of recycled concrete under uniaxial cyclic compression." In Advances in Traffic Transportation and Civil Architecture, 1005–16. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003402220-114.

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Neuwald-Burg, Claudia, and Matthias Pfeifer. "Problems in the Assessment of the Stress-Strain Relationship of Masonry." In Historic Mortars, 343–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4635-0_27.

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Hong Nam, Nguyen, and Junichi Koseki. "Modelling of Stress-Strain Relationship of Toyoura Sand in Large Cyclic Torsional Loading." In Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis, 625–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6146-2_43.

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Paul, Vladimir Jean. "Comparison of the Stress-Strain Relationship of Right and Pseudo-developable Helicoids." In Advanced Structured Materials, 285–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39062-4_23.

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Hidaka, Hiroaki, and Hiroshi Yamamura. "The Stress-Strain Relationship for Multilayers of the High Tc Superconducting Oxides." In Advances in Superconductivity, 581–86. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68084-0_98.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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Kellogg, Rick A., and Alison B. Flatau. "Stress-strain relationship in Terfenol-D." In SPIE's 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by L. Porter Davis. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.436583.

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WU, G., Z. LU, and Z. WU. "STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP FOR FRP-CONFINED CONCRETE CYLINDERS." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS–6). World Scientific Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704863_0051.

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WU, G., Z. WU, and Z. LU. "STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP FOR FRP-CONFINED CONCRETE PRISMS." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS–6). World Scientific Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704863_0052.

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LIAO, HONGJIAN, ZHIGANG ZHANG, CHUNMING NING, JIAN LIU, and LI SONG. "ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP OF LOESS." In Proceedings of the 9th AEPA2008. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814261579_0030.

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Matsuzaki, Yuji, Toru Kamita, and A. Ishida. "Stress-strain-temperature relationship of shape memory alloys." In Far East and Pacific Rim Symposium on Smart Materials, Structures, and MEMS, edited by Alex Hariz, Vijay K. Varadan, and Olaf Reinhold. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.293502.

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Zhao, Fuzhang, Jim S. J. Chen, Andrew G. Blagg, and Kenneth B. Margulies. "Global Stress-Strain Relationship of a Beating Heart." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41156.

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An integrated computational-experimental method was developed to characterize the global nonlinear elastic stress-strain behavior of a beating rat heart. This method combines finite element (FE) simulation with the experimental end-diastolic cavity pressure- balloon volume relationship of left ventricle (LV) to characterize the deformation resistance of a beating heart. In the FE simulations, the hyperelastic Ogden strain energy potential was used and geometric nonlinearity was also considered. The elastic moduli for the ex-vivo rat heart obtained through the study vary from 0.003 to 0.577 MPa.
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Wu, Anli, and Yunhong Hao. "Study of rock stress-strain relationship under uni-axial compression." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5774319.

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Wang, Wei, and Tinghao Lu. "Mathematical Model for Shear Stress-strain Relationship of Unsaturated Soil." In 2008 International Workshop on Modelling, Simulation and Optimization. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wmso.2008.104.

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Anggraini, Retno, Tavio, I. Gede Putu Raka, and Agustiar. "Stress-strain relationship of high-strength steel (HSS) reinforcing bars." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2017): Metallurgy and Advanced Material Technology for Sustainable Development. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5038307.

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Challita, G., R. Othman, J. M. Lebrun, P. Casari, and P. Guégan. "Determination of dynamic shear stress – Strain relationship in adhesively bonded assemblies." In DYMAT 2009 - 9th International Conferences on the Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/dymat/2009038.

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Reports on the topic "Stress-strain-relationship"

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Hart and Zulfiqar. L52324 Characterization of Anisotropic Pipe Steel Stress-Strain Relationships Influence On Strain Demand. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010014.

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This report summarizes a PRCI research project aimed at evaluation of the effects of anisotropy and the shape of pipe steel stress-strain relationships on pipeline strain demand for X80 and X100 UOE pipe. The research included: a review of pipeline industry literature on the subject matter; a discussion of pipe steel plasticity concepts for UOE pipe; characterization of the anisotropy and stress-strain curve shapes for both conventional and high strain pipe steels; development of representative analytical X80 and X100 stress-strain relationships; and evaluation of a large matrix of ground-movement induced pipeline deformation scenarios to evaluate key pipe stress-strain relationship shape and anisotropy parameters. One goal of this research was to apply the findings toward guidance for supplemental pipe material specifications aimed at minimizing undesirable effects of anisotropy and stress-strain curve shape on pipe deformations under displacement-controlled loads.
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Christman. L51577 Prediction of SCC Susceptibility Based on Mechanical Properties of Line Pipe Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010278.

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If a relationship between the deformation properties of a line pipe steel and its stress-corrosion cracking resistance can be established, then steels may be selected or designed for improved stress-corrosion resistance, based on their mechanical properties. Benefit: In this research program three line pipe steels, removed from long-term service, were examined to determine if there is a correlation between their mechanical properties and stress-corrosion cracking resistance. The hypothesis was that the steel with the greatest tendency for strain hardening, under cyclic and monotonic stress conditions would also have the highest threshold stress for stress-corrosion crack initiation. This hypothesis was verified by the laboratory experiments, which showed the steel with the greatest tendency for strain hardening to have the highest resistance to stress-corrosion. Two other steels, with distinctly lower resistance to plastic deformation, had lower threshold stresses for stress-corrosion. This observation is consistent with the present concept of stress-corrosion crack growth, which holds that crack tip dissolution, and hence crack propagation, occurs because localized plastic deformation ruptures passive films or prevents film formation resulting in crack growth. Result: The cyclic strain behavior of these three steels is consistent with their monotonic stress-strain curves. Both Steels A and B showed a point of extreme strain as the cyclic stress was increased. Their monotonic stress-strain curves both showed well pronounced yield points above which a considerable strain accompanied a small stress increment (low strain hardening). For both steels the rapid increase in cyclic strain occurred at approximately the elevated temperature yield point (\45 ksi for Steel A
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Dinovitzer, Aaron. PR-214-154503-R01 Pipeline Strains Induced by Slope Movement. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011609.

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Pipeline integrity may be affected by the action of the external soil loads that can be generated by ground movements or slope failures and the structural integrity threat of these geotechnical failures is not well understood. The threat presented to a pipeline by a localized slope failure is not directly related to magnitude of the soil movement involved, but related to the stress and strains induced in the pipeline by the moving soil block. This project demonstrated and applied advanced pipe-soil interaction numerical modeling tools in the assessment of slope movements directed long the pipeline axis. The geotechnical hazard assessments completed in this project provide a conservative means of estimating the pipeline axial strain accumulation resulting from slope movements. These modeling results are presented such that an understanding of the influence of pipeline, slope and operational parameters on strain accumulation is demonstrated and the relative importance of each parameter is demonstrated. The relationship between surface expression of a geotechnical event and the subsurface parameters to facilitate conservative characterization of the event is defined. The data describing axial strain as a function of ground movement magnitude presented in this project may be compared to the axial strain capacity (resistance) engineering tools to evaluate the significance of slope movements on pipeline integrity.
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Rosenfeld. L51686 Effect of Defect Size and Yield to Tensile Ratio on Plastic Deformation Capacity Pipeline Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010160.

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Micro-alloyed low-carbon linepipe steels offer an advantageous combination of high toughness and a low carbon equivalent (CE or Pcm) for good weldability. The continuing improvements in pipeline steel manufacturing practices have also led to pipeline steels with higher yield to tensile (Y/T) ratios and a corresponding reduction in strain hardening capacity. Potential users of high Y/T ratio pipeline steels are somewhat reluctant to modify their existing specifications. This is because they do not have the required information to judge the performance characteristics of such steels under a wide range of service conditions. This is not surprising knowing that yielding behaviour, and defect tolerance in particular depends not only on toughness but also on the strain hardening capacity. Therefore, the interaction between toughness and strain hardening capacity (or Y/T) for a successful application of high Y/T ratio linepipe steels must be considered. For the pipe fabricator this means that not only the yield strength of the plate, used to make the pipe, must be carefully controlled, but also that the relationship between the mechanical properties of pipe and plate must be known. This study examined the engineering significance of the yield-to-tensile (Y/T) ratio on yielding behavior and defect tolerance of 1-inch thick X70 steels in plate form. Stress-strain characteristics were measured by tensile testing of standard round-bar, full-section square, and wide-plate specimens. The strained condition was tested to determine the effect of cold forming on the Y/T ratio and yielding behavior. Finally, defect tolerance was determined by testing 8-inch wide notched-plate specimens.
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Foeken, van, and Gresnigt. L51809 Buckling and Collapse of UOE Manufactured Steel Pipes. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010236.

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In the past 20 years, much research has been conducted into buckling and collapse of pipelines under external pressure, bending or tension and combinations. Also many finite element analyses have been performed into the behavior of pipelines under these loads. The available test results show considerable scatter, which is considered to be caused by variations in the stress-strain relationship, the anisotropy of the steel, the Bauschinger effect, the geometrical deviations, the residual stresses, the test conditions, etc. The manufacturing method (seamless, UO, UOE) has a considerable influence on these properties and on the collapse and local buckling resistance. In this project, design formulations for collapse and buckling with appropriate safety factors, calibrated against experimental and numerical models using probabilistic methods, have been selected for a practical range of design considerations. The project consisted of three parts: experiments, probabilistic calculations, and finite element calculations.
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Leis and Walsh. L51575 Mechanics-Based Analysis of SCC in a Carbonate-Bicarbonate Environment. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010306.

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Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) occurs occasionally in line-pipe steels. Reviews of this cracking indicate that the environment is carbonate-bicarbonate and that the cracking is primarily intergranular. Research sponsored by the PRCI Line Pipe Research Supervisory Committee (LPRSC) has over the years identified metallurgical and electrochemical parameters as playing a role in the process. This work has also argued the significance of strain rate and its relationship to the service loading, given that dissolution is indicated as the controlling mechanism. While much has been learned about the mechanism of cracking, very little has been learned about how to directly relate the nucleation and growth of cracks to the loading, the metallurgy, and the environmental parameters. The continual development of new line-pipe steels, the probable development of reliable in-line inspection (ILI) tools to detect SCC, and the occasional discovery of cracking colonies during field surveys have recently centered attention on methods to rank line-pipe resistance to SCC and characterize crack-growth rates. Ranking line-pipe resistance to SCC may be done in terms of a threshold stress for nucleation of SCC or the rate of crack growth at some crack depth beyond nucleation. Estimating remaining life of cracks located by an ILI tool or confirmed in a field survey involves only crack growth rate data or data that define a threshold stress for continued growth. Recent attention of the SCC subgroup of the LPRSC, therefore, has focussed on experimental protocols to assess susceptibility, determine thresholds, and establish growth rate behavior. The tapered-tension test (TTT) has been developed to determine stress thresholds for crack nucleation, whereas several different prenotched or precracked geometries have been or are now being used to assess crack growth. Attention has also focussed on modelling SCC thresholds and crack growth behavior so that data developed under laboratory conditions can be adapted to assess field cracking situations. Models are being explored for both threshold and crack-growth conditions. This report presents the development and validation for a model that is being adapted to line-pipe problems for the SCC subgroup. This model deals with the threshold for and the growth of SCC cracks up to about 0.020-inch deep.
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Stuedlein, Armin, Ali Dadashiserej, and Amalesh Jana. Models for the Cyclic Resistance of Silts and Evaluation of Cyclic Failure during Subduction Zone Earthquakes. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zkvv5271.

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This report describes several advances in the cyclic failure assessment of silt soils with immediate and practical benefit to the geotechnical earthquake engineering profession. First, a database of cyclic loading test data is assembled, evaluated, and used to assess trends in the curvature of the CRR-N (cyclic resistance ratio - the number of equivalent cycles) relationship. This effort culminated in a plasticity index-dependent function which can be used to estimate the exponent b in the power law describing cyclic resistance, and may be used to estimate the cyclic resistance of silt soils as well as the number of equivalent loading cycles anticipated for subduction zone earthquakes. Statistical models for the cyclic resistance ratio and cyclic strength ratio are presented in this report. The SHANSEP (Stress History and Normalized Soil Engineering Properties)-inspired functional form of these models have been trained and tested against independent datasets and finalized using a combined dataset to provide reasonable estimates of resistance based on the available data. These models can be used to provide provisional estimates of the CRR-N and cyclic strength ratio power laws for cyclic shear strain failure criteria ranging from 1 to 10%, within certain stated limitations. The ground motion records within the NGA Subduction Project which have been released to the public to-date are implemented to examine the role of subduction zone earthquake characteristics on the number of equivalent loading cycles for a wide range of soils with exponents b ranging from 0.05 (moderate plasticity silt and clay) to 0.35 (dense sand). This analysis shows that the number of loading cycles for a given magnitude subduction zone earthquake is larger than those previously computed, whereas the corresponding magnitude scaling factors for use with the Simplified Method span a smaller range as a result of the ground motion characteristics. Owing to the large variability in the computed equivalent number of loading cycles, consideration of the uncertainty is emphasized in forward analyses. The work described herein may be used to estimate cyclic resistance of intact non-plastic and plastic silt soils and corresponding factor of safety against cyclic failure for a range in cyclic shear strain failure criteria, to plan cyclic laboratory testing programs, and to calibrate models for use in site response and nonlinear deformation analyses in the absence of site-specific cyclic test data. As with any empirical approach, the models presented herein should be revised when additional, high-quality cyclic testing data become available.
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Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman, and Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.

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Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of EE is essential for understanding the management of both grazing and confined feedlot animals. The use of HR as a method of estimating EE in free-ranging large ruminants has been limited by the availability of suitable field monitoring equipment and by the absence of empirical understanding of the relationship between cardiac function and metabolic rate. Recent developments in microelectronics provide a good opportunity to use small HR devices to monitor free-range animals. The estimation of O2 uptake (VO2) of animals from their HR has to be based upon a consistent relationship between HR and VO2. The question as to whether, or to what extent, feeding level, environmental conditions and reproductive state affect such a relationship is still unanswered. Studies on the basic physiology of O2 mobilization (in USA) and field and feedlot-based investigations (in Israel) covered a , variety of conditions in order to investigate the possibilities of using HR to estimate EE. In USA the physiological studies conducted using animals with implanted flow probes, show that: I) although stroke volume decreases during intense exercise, VO2 per one heart beat per kgBW0.75 (O2 Pulse, O2P) actually increases and measurement of EE by HR and constant O2P may underestimate VO2unless the slope of the regression relating to heart rate and VO2 is also determined, 2) alterations in VO2 associated with the level of feeding and the effects of feeding itself have no effect on O2P, 3) both pregnancy and lactation may increase blood volume, especially lactation; but they have no effect on O2P, 4) ambient temperature in the range of 15 to 25°C in the resting animal has no effect on O2P, and 5) severe heat stress, induced by exercise, elevates body temperature to a sufficient extent that 14% of cardiac output may be required to dissipate the heat generated by exercise rather than for O2 transport. However, this is an unusual situation and its affect on EE estimation in a freely grazing animal, especially when heart rate is monitored over several days, is minor. In Israel three experiments were carried out in the hot summer to define changes in O2P attributable to changes in the time of day or In the heat load. The animals used were lambs and young calves in the growing phase and highly yielding dairy cows. In the growing animals the time of day, or the heat load, affected HR and VO2, but had no effect on O2P. On the other hand, the O2P measured in lactating cows was affected by the heat load; this is similar to the finding in the USA study of sheep. Energy balance trials were conducted to compare MEI recovery by the retained energy (RE) and by EE as measured by HR and O2P. The trial hypothesis was that if HR reliably estimated EE, the MEI proportion to (EE+RE) would not be significantly different from 1.0. Beef cows along a year of their reproductive cycle and growing lambs were used. The MEI recoveries of both trials were not significantly different from 1.0, 1.062+0.026 and 0.957+0.024 respectively. The cows' reproductive state did not affect the O2P, which is similar to the finding in the USA study. Pasture ME content and animal variables such as HR, VO2, O2P and EE of cows on grazing and in confinement were measured throughout three years under twenty-nine combinations of herbage quality and cows' reproductive state. In twelve grazing states, individual faecal output (FO) was measured and MEI was calculated. Regression analyses of the EE and RE dependent on MEI were highly significant (P<0.001). The predicted values of EE at zero intake (78 kcal/kgBW0.75), were similar to those estimated by NRC (1984). The EE at maintenance condition of the grazing cows (EE=MEI, 125 kcal/kgBW0.75) which are in the range of 96.1 to 125.5 as presented by NRC (1996 pp 6-7) for beef cows. Average daily HR and EE were significantly increased by lactation, P<0.001 and P<0.02 respectively. Grazing ME significantly increased HR and EE, P<0.001 and P<0.00l respectively. In contradiction to the finding in confined ewes and cows, the O2P of the grazing cows was significantly affected by the combined treatments (P<0.00l ); this effect was significantly related to the diet ME (P<0.00l ) and consequently to the MEI (P<0.03). Grazing significantly increased O2P compared to confinement. So, when EE of grazing animals during a certain season of the year is estimated using the HR method, the O2P must be re measured whenever grazing ME changes. A high correlation (R2>0.96) of group average EE and of HR dependency on MEI was also found in confined cows, which were fed six different diets and in growing lambs on three diets. In conclusion, the studies conducted in USA and in Israel investigated in depth the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular and O2 mobilization, and went on to investigate a wide variety of ruminant species, ages, reproductive states, diets ME, time of intake and time of day, and compared these variables under grazing and confinement conditions. From these combined studies we can conclude that EE can be determined from HR measurements during several days, multiplied by O2P measured over a short period of time (10-15 min). The study showed that RE could be determined during the growing phase without slaughtering. In the near future the development microelectronic devices will enable wide use of the HR method to determine EE and energy balance. It will open new scopes of physiological and agricultural research with minimizes strain on animals. The method also has a high potential as a tool for herd management.
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LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL S30408 UNDER LARGE PLASTIC STRAIN AMPLITUDE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.10.

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The application of stainless steel materials in civil structures for seismic protection lies in its low-cycle fatigue characteristic. However, the data of existing research are mainly based on the low-cycle fatigue in small strain amplitudes. To this end, we perform low-cycle fatigue testing of Austenitic stainless steel S30408, which has low yield point and good elongation performance, under the cyclic load with a maximum strain amplitude reaching up to 5%, to fill the gap. The stress-strain response characteristics of the stainless steel material under the cyclic load are analyzed; then, the parameters of the strain-fatigue life relationship and the cyclic-plastic constitutive model used for FEA simulation are extracted. Results show that the stainless steel’s stress-strain curve is nonlinear without a yield plateau, thus presenting a high strength yield ratio and ductility. The hysteresis loops of the material are plump with a shuttle shape and are symmetric to the origin, indicating a fine energy dissipation capacity. The skeleton curve under cyclic loading with cyclic hardening can be significantly reflected by the Ramberg Osgood model, which is affected by the strain amplitude and loading history; it is also different from the monotonic tensile skeleton curve. The strain-fatigue life curve fitted by the Baqusin Manson Coffin model can predict the materials’ fatigue life under different strain amplitudes. The mixed hardening model, including isotropic and kinematic hardening, based on the Chaboche model, is able to simulate the cyclic stress-strain relationship. Further, its parameters can provide basic data information for the seismic design of civil structures when Austenitic stainless steel S30408 is used.
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TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF TMCP Q690D HIGH-STRENGTH STRUCTURAL STEEL AT STRAIN RATES FROM 0.00025 TO 760 S-1. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.7.

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The application of Q690D high-strength structural steel (HSSS) has been increasing in engineering structures. The lack of knowledge of the strain rate behaviour limits the application to the extreme loading conditions such as blast and impact loadings. This paper presents a series of tensile tests on the dynamic tensile behaviour of Q690D HSSS produced through the thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP). The stress-strain relationships of TMCP Q690D in the strain rate range of 0.00025 to 760 s-1 were measured by using the universal and servo-hydraulic high speed testing machines. The experimental results verified the sensitivity to strain rate of TMCP Q690D and the dynamic increase factor (DIF) for yield stress is identical to that of QT (Quenched and Tempered) S690 HSSS. However, TMCP Q690D behaves in a much different way in the strain hardening stage. The commonly-used Cowper-Symonds model was calibrated for the DIFs of yield stress and ultimate tensile strength. The Johnson-Cook (J-C) model was modified and a new rate-dependent constitutive model was proposed. The proposed model was validated successfully to predict the true stress-strain relationship, providing better prediction results than the modified J-C model.
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