Academic literature on the topic 'Stretch reflex'

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Journal articles on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Cleland, C. L., and W. Z. Rymer. "Neural mechanisms underlying the clasp-knife reflex in the cat. I. Characteristics of the reflex." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): 1303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.4.1303.

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1. The goal of this study was to characterize the clasp-knife reflex by the use of stretch and isometric contraction of ankle extensor and flexor muscles in decerebrated cats with bilateral dorsal hemisections of their spinal cords at segment T12. 2. Stretch of an extensor muscle evoked inhibition in both homonymous and synergistic extensor muscles. The similarities between homonymous and synergistic inhibition suggest that similar neural mechanisms were responsible. 3. Homonymous and synergistic clasp-knife inhibition showed several characteristic features: 1) inhibition was evoked only by la
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Sinkjaer, T., J. B. Andersen, and B. Larsen. "Soleus stretch reflex modulation during gait in humans." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 1112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.1112.

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1. The modulation of the short-latency stretch reflex during walking at different walking speeds was investigated and compared with the stretch reflex during standing in healthy human subjects. 2. Ankle joint stretches were applied by a system able to rotate the human ankle joint during treadmill walking in any phase of the step cycle. The system consisted of a mechanical joint attached to the subject's ankle joint and connected to a motor placed beside the treadmill by means of bowden wires. The weight of the total system attached to the leg of the subject was 900 g. 3. The short-latency sole
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Cleland, C. L., L. Hayward, and W. Z. Rymer. "Neural mechanisms underlying the clasp-knife reflex in the cat. II. Stretch-sensitive muscular-free nerve endings." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): 1319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.4.1319.

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1. The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of muscular free nerve endings to the clasp-knife reflex by comparing their response properties and reflex actions to the clasp-knife reflex. 2. The responses of single muscle afferents were examined in anesthetized cats using stretch and isometric contraction of ankle extensor muscles identical to those that evoked clasp-knife inhibition in decerebrated and dorsal spinal-hemisectioned cats. 3. Fifty-three stretch-sensitive mechanoreceptor afferents were identified as free nerve ending afferents based on their conduction velocities, l
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Sobkowiak, Carole A. "Stretch Reflex Facts." Physiotherapy 81, no. 9 (September 1995): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)66710-7.

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Obeso, J. A., J. Artieda, and C. D. Marsden. "Stretch reflex blepharospasm." Neurology 35, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.9.1378.

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Stein, R. B., I. W. Hunter, S. R. Lafontaine, and L. A. Jones. "Analysis of short-latency reflexes in human elbow flexor muscles." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 1900–1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.5.1900.

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1. A motor and digital controller have been developed to apply rapid stretches to the human elbow joint. The digital controller returns the forearm to the initial position before the reflex contraction. Thus short-latency reflex responses can be cleanly separated in time from the mechanical effects of the stretch under a wide variety of loading conditions. 2. The reflex force varies linearly with the velocity of stretch over nearly 2 orders of magnitude. The reflex force also varies linearly with the tonic level of force over the entire range of forces studied (0-100 N). This contrasts sharply
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Nicol, Caroline, and Paavo V. Komi. "Quantification of Achilles Tendon Force Enhancement by Passively Induced Dorsiflexion Stretches." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 15, no. 3 (August 1999): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.15.3.221.

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Magnitude of the reflex contribution to force enhancement was investigated in vivo during passive stretches of the Achilles tendon (AT) of one female subject. Thirty passive (5 × 6) dorsiflexions were induced by a motorized ankle ergometer. Achilles tendon force (ATF) was sensed by a buckle transducer applied surgically around the right AT. Single passive stretches resulted in a low but rather linear ATF increase in the absence of EMG (surface electrodes) activity. In the presence of reflexes, a clear ATF enhancement occurred 13–15 ms after the beginning of the EMG reflex responses. In double
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Miller, J. F., K. D. Paul, W. Z. Rymer, and C. J. Heckman. "5-HT1B/1D agonist CGS-12066B attenuates clasp knife reflex in the cat." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.453.

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1. The effect of intrathecal injection of the selective serotonin (5-HT)1B/1D receptor agonist CGS-12066B maleate (825 nmol) was assessed on stretch-evoked clasp knife inhibition of hindlimb ankle extensor muscle reflex force in precollicular decerebrate cats in which neural transmission in dorsolateral spinal pathways was blocked bilaterally by focal cooling. 2. During cold block, ramp and hold stretches of the medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) evoked only a brief reflex excitation that was followed by powerful, long-lasting inhibition (the clasp knife reflex). Both the amplitudes of peak forc
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Cronin, Neil J., Jussi Peltonen, Masaki Ishikawa, Paavo V. Komi, Janne Avela, Thomas Sinkjaer, and Michael Voigt. "Effects of contraction intensity on muscle fascicle and stretch reflex behavior in the human triceps surae." Journal of Applied Physiology 105, no. 1 (July 2008): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90432.2008.

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The aims of this study were to examine changes in the distribution of a stretch to the muscle fascicles with changes in contraction intensity in the human triceps surae and to relate fascicle stretch responses to short-latency stretch reflex behavior. Thirteen healthy subjects were seated in an ankle ergometer, and dorsiflexion stretches (8°; 250°/s) were applied to the triceps surae at different moment levels (0–100% of maximal voluntary contraction). Surface EMG was recorded in the medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles, and ultrasound was used to measure medial gastrocn
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Miller, J. F., K. D. Paul, R. H. Lee, W. Z. Rymer, and C. J. Heckman. "Restoration of extensor excitability in the acute spinal cat by the 5-HT2 agonist DOI." Journal of Neurophysiology 75, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.75.2.620.

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1. The decerebrate cat preparation with an intact spinal cord is characterized by a high degree of excitability in extensor motoneuron pools, which is eliminated by acute spinalization. Subtype-specific agonists for serotonin (5-HT) were investigated in terms of their effectiveness in restoring the extensor excitability following spinalization. 2. Our hypothesis was that 5-HT2 receptors have the primary role in enhancement of extensor reflex excitability, whereas 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D receptors are relatively unimportant. Reflex excitability was assessed from the tonic levels of force and electr
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Cathers, Ian Electrical Engineering &amp Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Stretch signal and muscle state dependence of the tonic stretch reflex." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17807.

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When active skeletal muscle is stretched, it generally responds with a contraction which resists the stretch. This response is termed the muscle stretch reflex. The size (gain) and timing (phase) of the response has been found to depend on many factors including the characteristics of the applied stretch, the muscle contraction level and the subject's intention. Investigations of this stretch reflex have often involved stretches to muscle which contained frequencies either beyond the range of voluntary movement or else which could be consciously tracked. This study sought to characterise the f
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Bock, Przemek John. "Modulation of stretch reflex excitability in quiet human standing." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82471.

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Stretch reflex excitability was measured during quiet standing by using a bilateral electro-hydraulic actuator to apply perturbations of angular position to the ankle. Subjects were instructed to stand quietly while pulse displacements were applied at random times. Position, torque, gastrocnemius-soleus EMG, tibialis anterior EMG, heel position, tibia angle, femur angle, and sacrum angle were measured. Background torque and reflex excitability varied substantially from trial to trial---reflex torque decreased as the background torque level increased; while reflex EMG increased when back
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Duncan, Audrey. "Reflex modulation in human movement and posture." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367627.

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Human soleus H-reflex gain was measured in supine lying and in standing vertically while stabilised by a backboard. H-reflex amplitude was less in stabilised standing than in supine lying. The reduction was partly due to the effect of gravitational load. When the same load was applied (by compression of the body between shoulders and feet) while lying supine the corresponding reduction was 70%. The results are discussed in relation to possible gravitational load receptors. In a second series of experiments a collapsible landing platform was used to differentiate between reflex and programmed c
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Arbat, i. Plana Ariadna. "Modulation of the stretch reflex arc to improve functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/394061.

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Després d’una lesió del sistema nerviós perifèric, aquest té la capacitat de regenerar però la seva recuperació funcional sol ser limitada, principalment degut a la inespecificitat de la reinnervació dels òrgans perifèrics i als canvis plàstics maladaptatius de la circuiteria espinal. En aquesta tesi hem volgut modular els canvis a la circuiteria espinal del reflex d’estirament per poder millorar la recuperació funcional després de lesions del nervi perifèric en un model animal. En primer lloc, es va dur a terme una caracterització immunohistoquímica dels canvis que patien les motoneurones e
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Tung, James 1975. "Task-dependent modulation of stretch reflex stiffness in the ankle." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79266.

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The stretch reflex is an involuntary contraction produced in response to muscle stretch. Despite extensive research, its role in the control of movement and posture remains controversial. One reason for this is that the torque output produced by reflex activity has been studied in only a limited number of tasks and behaviours. The main thrust of this thesis is to examine whether the central nervous system (CNS) modifies stretch reflex properties to suit the task.<br>An electro-hydraulic actuator applied perturbations to the ankles of five subjects while they performed position-matching (PM) an
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Calota, Andra. "Reliability of spasticity measurement based on tonic stretch reflex threshold." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111947.

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Studies suggest that deficits in central regulation of stretch reflex thresholds (SRT) underlie both spasticity and other disorders of motor control. We investigated intra- and inter-evaluator reliability to quantify spasticity based on tonic SRT (TSRT) and the relationship between TSRT and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS, clinical assessment of resistance to stretch). Spasticity was evaluated in 20 subjects with chronic stroke-related spasticity in two different days, by three evaluators. Twenty different velocity-dependent dynamic SRT (angle where biceps brachii EMG signal increased for a given
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Vedula, Siddharth. "Ankle stretch reflexes during anticipatory postural adjustments." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32517.

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Horstman, Gabrielle Marie. "Limitations of Functional Recovery of Stretch Reflex Circuitry After Peripheral Nerve Regeneration." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1347852976.

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Salazar-Torres, Jose de Jesus. "Biomechanical analysis of stretch reflex responses : an approach to spasticity measurement." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2038.

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Spasticity is a clinical condition that may develop in people with central nervous system injuries. It is believed that spasticity results from changes in the excitability of the stretch reflex pathways manifesting clinically as a velocity dependent increase in resistance to passive movement (RTPM) and exaggerated tendon jerks. Stretch reflex excitability is influenced by neural (e.g. feed-forward and feedback mechanisms) and biomechanical components (e.g. muscle length). The objective of this work was to quantify the stretch reflex parameters of the biceps brachii under different initial cond
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Lederman, Eyal. "The effect of manual therapy techniques on the neuromuscular system." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effect-of-manual-therapy-techniques-on-the-neuromuscular-system(3764f2dc-c18b-4f37-a1aa-0bcc0abe64ec).html.

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Books on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Avela, Janne. Stretch-reflex adaptation in man. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 1998.

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Gellman, Richard Evan. Muscle strain injury: An in vitro study of stretch rate dependence in elongation to failure. [New Haven: s.n.], 1991.

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1952-, Alter Michael J., ed. Science of flexibility. 2nd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1996.

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Csonka, Jacqueline V. Electrical stimulation of tibialis anterior to inhibit the stretch reflex of soleus resulting from passive stretch and gait, and its effect on spasticity. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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Homma, S. Understanding the Stretch Reflex. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2011.

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Moldave, Kivie. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology, Volume 58 (Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology). Academic Press, 1998.

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Alter, Michael J. Science of Flexibility. 3rd ed. Human Kinetics Publishers, 2004.

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Alter, Michael J. Science of Flexibility. 2nd ed. Human Kinetics Pub, 2000.

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Fisch, Adam. Spinal Canal and Muscle–Nerve Physiology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199845712.003.0137.

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Mason, Peggy. Reflexes and Gait. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0022.

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The importance of proprioception to motor function is revealed by the dramatic story of Ian Waterman, a man who lost function in all proprioceptive and tactile spinal afferents. The circuitry of the stretch reflex, termed the deep tendon reflex in clinical circles, is described in detail. In this context, the student is introduced to load, muscle spindles, Ia afferents, α‎- and γ‎- motoneurons, and α‎- γ‎ coactivation. The concept of physiological extensors and flexors is useful for understanding the role of reflexes in normal and abnormal postures. The logic and utility of reflex testing is f
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Book chapters on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Baev, Konstantin V. "The Stretch-Reflex System." In Biological Neural Networks: Hierarchical Concept of Brain Function, 143–47. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4100-3_10.

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Matthews, P. B. C. "Vibration and the Stretch Reflex." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 40–55. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470719565.ch4.

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Rotondo, Salvatore, Rodina Sadek, Narmin Mekawy, Monir Arnos, and Abdeslem El Idrissi. "Taurine Enhances Stretch Reflex Excitability." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 359–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_34.

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Andersen, J. B., and T. Sinkjær. "Stretch Reflex Variations During Gait." In Neuroprosthetics: from Basic Research to Clinical Applications, 45–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80211-9_7.

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Mrachacz-Kersting, Natalie, Priscila de Brito Silva, Yukiko Makihara, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Thomas Sinkjær, and Uwe G. Kersting. "Stretch Reflex Conditioning in Humans – Implications for Function." In Biosystems & Biorobotics, 103–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08072-7_20.

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Mrachacz-Kersting, Natalie, and Uwe G. Kersting. "Operant Conditioning of the Human Soleus Short Latency Stretch Reflex and Implications for the Medium Latency Soleus Stretch Reflex." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II, 59–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_11.

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Westwick, David T. "Block Structured Modelling in the Study of the Stretch Reflex." In Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, 385–402. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-513-2_23.

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Graham, Bruce P., and Stephen J. Redman. "Simulation of the Muscle Stretch Reflex by a Neuronal Network." In Computation and Neural Systems, 323–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3254-5_49.

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Rosendo, Andre, Xiangxiao Liu, Shogo Nakatsu, Masahiro Shimizu, and Koh Hosoda. "A Combined CPG-Stretch Reflex Study on a Musculoskeletal Pneumatic Quadruped." In Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, 417–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09435-9_48.

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Ebner, Timothy J., James R. Bloedel, Jerrold Vitek, and Andrew Schwartz. "Modification of the Stretch Reflex in Spastic Monkeys by Cerebellar Stimulation." In Cerebellar Stimulation for Spasticity and Seizures, 89–104. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429284939-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Liu, Xiangxiao, Andre Rosendo, Masahiro Shimizu, and Koh Hosoda. "Improving hopping stability of a biped by muscular stretch reflex." In 2014 IEEE-RAS 14th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/humanoids.2014.7041433.

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Rosendo, Andre, Shogo Nakatsu, Xiangxiao Liu, Masahiro Shimizu, and Koh Hosoda. "Quadrupedal locomotion based on a muscular activation pattern with stretch-reflex." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2014.7090425.

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Ramos, C. F., S. S. Hacisalihzade, P. D. Ayme, and L. W. Stark. "Exploring the 'behavior space' of a nonlinear model for the stretch reflex." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1988.94960.

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Flanagan, P. M., J. G. Chutkow, M. T. Riggs, and V. D. Cristiano. "An Intelligent Computerized Stretch Reflex Measurement System For Clinical And Investigative Neurology." In Applications of Artificial Intelligence V, edited by John F. Gilmore. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.940653.

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Al Dhaifallah, M., and D. T. Westwick. "Nonlinear modeling and identification of stretch reflex dynamics using support vector machines." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5333808.

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Shimizu, Masahiro, Keiko Suzuki, Kenichi Narioka, and Koh Hosoda. "Roll motion control by stretch reflex in a continuously jumping musculoskeletal biped robot." In 2012 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2012.6386231.

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Cronin, Neil, Thomas Sinkjaer, Michael Voigt, Masaki Ishikawa, Janne Avela, Paavo Komi, and Caroline Nicol. "Modulation of soleus fascicle stretch responses with changes in reflex-induced muscle contraction state." In 2008 Annual IEEE Student Paper Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aispc.2008.4460548.

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Ferreira, Joao, Vitor Moreira, Jose Machado, and Filomena Soares. "Biomedical device for spasticity quantification based on the velocity dependence of the Stretch Reflex threshold." In Factory Automation (ETFA 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2011.6059225.

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Yu, Yong, Hisashi Iwashita, Kazumi Kawahira, and Ryota Hayashi. "Development of rehabilitation device for hemiplegic fingers by finger-expansion facilitation exercise with stretch reflex." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2013.6739647.

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Averta, Giuseppe, Massimiliano Abbinante, Piero Orsini, Federica Felici, Paolo Lippi, Antonio Bicchi, Manuel G. Catalano, and Matteo Bianchi. "A novel mechatronic system for evaluating elbow muscular spasticity relying on Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold estimation." In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176011.

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Reports on the topic "Stretch reflex"

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Sanders, Suzanne, and Jessica Kirschbaum. Forest health monitoring at Mississippi National River and Recreation Area: 2022 field season. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301407.

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The Mississippi National River and Recreation area (MISS), situated along a 116 km stretch of the Mississippi River through the Minneapolis and St. Paul urban corridor, encompasses ~21,800 ha of public and private land. In 2022, the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network (GLKN) resampled permanent forest monitoring sites in the park, marking the second assessment of these sites, which were established and initially sampled in 2011. The goal of this long-term monitoring project is to provides managers with routine updates on which to base management decisions; these data can also be used
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