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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Structural adjustment in Nigeria'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Ileso, Bamidele S. "Structural adjustment program and agricultural production in Nigeria (1970-1996)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ57254.pdf.

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2

Owoh, Kenna. "Creating room for manoeuvre, structural adjustment and women's resistance in Nigeria." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0018/NQ27313.pdf.

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3

Bokhari, Sven, and Duca Fabrizio Del. "Economic Development through Globalisation in Nigeria : An analysis of Shell & the IMF Structural Adjustment Programs." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-861.

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Date: 2008/06/03

Level: Master thesis in International Business and Entrepreneurship, 10p (15ECTS)

Authors: Sven Bokhari Fabrizio Del Duca

Title: Economic Development through globalisation in Nigeria. An analysis of Shell & the IMF Structural Adjustment Programs

Tutor: Leif Linnskog, Ph.D.

Research Question: Can globalisation be seen as positive or negative for the Economic Development of Nigeria? A focus on Shell and the International Monetary Fund Research Issue: Globalisation in its current form is viewed in the Western world as a positive influence for the Economic Development of under developed countries. However

these views on the benefits brought to developing countries have been

frequently disputed.

Method: The research we are undertaking is a pilot study based on documentary research. Our source of information is secondary data such as books, articles, newspapers and journals. The study employs a qualitative approach.

Conclusions: Even though globalisation is often viewed as positive we have discovered that this is not always the case in relation to its effects in Nigeria. Judging from our analysis, globalisation through the IMF and Shell has had an overall negative impact on Economic Development. However, Shell is attempting to act more responsible by adjusting its position in order to have a more positive impact on

Economic Development. On the other hand, the IMF has not adapted to Nigeria but obliges the country to adapt to the institution’s demands hindering Economic Development.

Keywords: Globalisation, Economic Development, Shell, IMF, Nigeria

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4

Oritsejafor, Emmanuel. "A case study of the social and economic impact of structural adjustment on rural agricultural development in middle belt Nigeria." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1995. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3240.

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The premise of this study is the assumption that the IMF policy of structural adjustment has led to the decline of the social and economic welfare of the rural sector in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. With this basic research theme in mind: (i) colonial agricultural development policy in Nigeria before the period of independence was evaluated; (ii) various development plans that have been instrumental in the development of the agricultural sector since independence were analyzed; (iii) the economic management policy of both civilian and military governments in Nigeria were examined; (iv) how SAP led to the proliferation of multinational corporations in the Nigerian agribusiness and the impact it had on domestic manufacturers engaged in farming for other reasons than farming was shown; and (v) quantitative method was used in an attempt to measure the impact of SAP in Nigeria's Middle Belt region. However, various perceptions exist regarding the policy of structural adjustment. Some observers argue that the policy was necessary in order for developing countries to attain sustainable growth in their economies. Other observers saw structural adjustment as a policy that has further perpetuated the economic hardship in developing states. This paper's position is that certain aspects of structural adjustment have clearly led to the continuous economic hardship and neglect of the rural sector, as shown in this case study of Plateau State. In order to substantiate this thesis, qualitative and quantitative data was assessed regarding the impact of SAP in four communities in the Middle Belt of Nigeria. Primary and secondary data regarding the policy objectives of structural adjustment was reviewed. Findings revealed that clearly certain aspects of SAP had effects on the socio and economic welfare of the rural people in this case study. However, other factors such as the lack of representation at the level of national leadership and ethnicity have contributed to the neglect of the rural sector in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. In conclusion the recommendation is made that the Nigerian leadership need to reprioritize their commitment to the agricultural sector and that rural farmers should be given adequate social and economic assistance.
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Zabadi, Istifanus Sonsare. "International politics of structural adjustment in sub-Saharan Africa 1983-1990 : with special reference to Ghana and Nigeria." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1992. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1320/.

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Sub-Saharan Africa entered the 1980s faced with a crisis of unprecedented proportions. The economies of the region which were already in decline by the late 1970s, were in danger of collapse. The severity of the crisis was also reflected in rising indebtedness, social decay and political instability. To tackle it, African leaders met at an extraordinary economic summit in Lagos in 1980 and adopted a common strategy which became known as the Lagos Plan of Action. The crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa is part of a general world-wide economic recession stemming from a period of economic decline in the leading industrial economies. As a result, the leading industrialised countries and international institutions designed strategies to tackle the crisis both at the global level and in the developing countries such as those in Sub-Saharan Africa. For Africa, the strategy adopted by the World Bank and the IMF was that of structural adjustment. The orthodox approach of the World Bank generated controversy as to its suitability to the African situation. This disagreement was a reflection of conflicting political interests as well as power relations both internationally, and within African states. This thesis analyses the impact of the politics of structural adjustment programmes in Africa, with special reference to Ghana and Nigeria between 1983-1990. The arguement is that orthodox structural adjustment has failed to reverse the decline in Africa largely because of continuing disagreement between African governments and international institutions over the content and direction of adjustment. The study is presented over eight chapters. The introductory chapter sets the agenda. Chapter one covers the international dimension of the African crisis, while chapter two looks at the internal dimension. Chapter three contains a detailed analysis of the international politics of structural adjustment. Chapters four and five discuss the adjustment programme in Ghana and its impact on the country's political economy. The Nigerian experience is similarly examined in chapters six and seven. The conclusion, chapter eight, addresses the issues behind the failure of orthodox adjustment in Africa and makes recommendations.
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6

Nnazor, Agatha Ifeyinwa. "Structural Adjustment Programmes and the informal sector, the Nigerian case of Jos women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ48685.pdf.

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7

Ogomaka, Uzo E. "The importance of marketing strategies to Nigerian manufacturers since the adoption of structural adjustment program." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1993. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3287.

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This research is aimed at assessing SADCC in relation to the degree to which it has accomplished its own aims, regional economic integration and reduction of dependency. The study has relied on and used the dependency theory which holds that the development in a peripheral capitalist system is a continuous process of dispossessing the less developed countries of their raw materials in favor of maintaining the advancement of the capitalist countries. In short, neo-colonial dependence view of underdevelopment attributes a large part of the Third World's continuing and worsening poverty to the existence and policies of the industrial capitalist and socialist countries and their extensions in the form of small but powerful elite groups in the less developed countries. The research came with the following findings and conclusions. That SADCC countries have been integrated into the capitalist system due to the European colonization. That despite the efforts of SADCC and their proclaimed goals of economic integration and self-reliance, the SADCC region has not reduced dependency but rather there is a new dependency on other external countries. SADCC's committed strategies have not produced self-reliance and economic integration in the region due to the structure and activities of SADCC. In order to correct this imbalance and dependency, few options are possible. SADCC should embark upon the socialist mode of development because socialist methods will diminish the degree of dependency as in the case of Cuba. Intra-regional trade should be encouraged to bring about some form of transaction flows and economic integration. Establish appropriate ways of encouraging agricultural productivity in order to alleviate the shortage of food problems in the region and adopt capital accumulation methods.
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8

Odiaka, Jude Ojorrumi. "Theories of development: Revisiting the millennium development goals, structural adjustment programs and the Ogoni crisis in Nigeria in the light of Pope Francis's call to pastoral conversion." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108884.

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9

Fleet, Lisa D. "Mexico and structural adjustment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24999.pdf.

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10

Mihevc, John. "THE THEOLOGY OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1993. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,1666.

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11

Abdou, Abdella A. "Structural adjustment and private investment in Africa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq23577.pdf.

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12

Kreishan, Fuad M. "Evaluation of structural adjustment programmes in Jordan." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410384.

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13

Mezahav, Amatzya. "Radio and structural adjustment in Fairy Hill, Jamaica /." view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3018383.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-269). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3018383.
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Fernández, Luis Felipe Gorjón. "Structural adjustment in Mexico : social and economic impacts." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685429.

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This dissertation analyses the period of Structural Adjustment in Mexico from 1986 to 1999. This includes the liberalisation of the incentive system and the restoration of investment. The research work presented here looks at the effect of an aspect of structural adjustment policy - trade reform -on labour market outcomes at the household level, in Mexico, by considering a large number of observations (household members), from a number of cities, over a period of thirteen years. It examines whether Mexico should have used alternative policies in order to improve the economic and social conditions of the poor. The main questions explored by this dissertation are: What has been the impact of adjustment on Mexican macroeconomic indicators directly related to poverty? Were migration and remittances affected by the adjustment process? The specific research questions are: 1. How did the effects of economic reform on wage and employment vary with age and gender in the short and medium term? Did this relationship change over time? 2. Did structural adjustment and trade liberalisation harm or help the poor? 3. Did the reforms help the poor indirectly through their positive effect on economic growth? 4. What were the effects of macroeconomic policy on aggregate measures of welfare - average wage, proportion of individuals unemployed? 5. What happened to migration and remittances during the analysed period? There are three separate analyses. The first two use repeated cross-sectional models to determine the effects of policy, economic conditions and household characteristics on wages, the probability of being unemployed and employed in the informal sector, as well as the probability of being poor. It is important to mention that this study refers mainly to the urban population. It is the use of household characteristics as control variables in the determination of welfare that distinguishes the models here from the macroeconomic models commonly used. For comparison, a third analysis uses a traditional time series model to measure the effects of policy and economic conditions on aggregate measures of welfare.
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15

Nichols, Lucy P. "Structural adjustment and human resources in Costa Rica." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357633.

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16

El-Gaafarawi, Ibtissam Ibrahim Abdel Maksoud. "Structural adjustment in Egypt : the case of agriculture." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/459/.

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This thesis assesses the appropriateness and effectiveness of the economic reform and structural adjustment programme adopted by Egypt in 1991. It also examines the main political and economic constraints of such policies. It argues that it is unlikely to provide sustainable or equitable growth. It also argues that privatisation programmes in Egypt have a limited effect on improving levels of investment and growth. It stresses the need to encourage new investment to increase the productive capacity of the Egyptian economy in order to generate sustainable growth. The thesis examines in particular, economic reforms in the agricultural sector. It focuses on assessing price reforms so as to enquire how evenly distributed the benefits have been among farmers with different sizes of land holding. Those with big farms are likely to gain more while very small farmers and the landless are likely to lose. Within agriculture the thesis assesses the impact of structural adjustment on Egypt's agribusiness community. This sector is economically fragmented, has limited effectiveness and is politically weak regarding its participation and its influence on economic policy. The thesis argues that the success Df this sector is based on the availability of a strong and effective state to provide the legal and regulatory. infrastructure needed for an effective market economy, to abolish administrative obstacles and to enhance investors' credibility. In short, the thesis maintains that sustaining the economic reform is based on reviving productive investments and enhancing state capacity and democratisation.
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Margheritis, Ana. "Implementing structural adjustment in Argentina, the politics of privatization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ28009.pdf.

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18

Abdelazim, Saleh S. "Structural Adjustment and the Dismantling of Egypt's Etatist System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11101.

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This study focuses on the economic and political transformation of the Egyptian state after it applied neoliberal structural adjustment policies in May 1991, as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank had required in return for foreign debt restructuring. It demonstrates how the Egyptian state was transformed from the etatist system that had characterized it since the 1952 revolution. Using the etatist system as a basic concept for understanding the Egyptian state since 1952 aids comparison among the historical periods that followed, in that the two distinguishing components of this system are a domestically-oriented development strategy and social welfare programs. The key hypothesis guiding this study is that the application of structural adjustment programs has been a factor powerfully transforming the etatist systems of the Nasser and Sadat periods. The study shows how this particular post-etatist" state has withdrawn considerably from such social welfare policies as subsidizing food and other basic goods, and providing health and other social services. Similarly, continuing a trend that began with the infitah (partial economic liberalization) policies of the Sadat period, the Egyptian state has abandoned its active role in economic development, leaving it to the domestic private sector and to foreign investors. The present research shows how this state has withdrawn to a great degree from ownership of business enterprises, and has substantially reduced regulation of private enterprises."
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19

Lahdenperä, Jori, and Shehzad Humayoun. "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) & World BankStructural Adjustment Programs : Review study of adjustment-aid theory." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9978.

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Monetary funding to developing countries is today accompanied by so called “Structural Adjustment Programs” (SAPs) imposed by the IMF and the World Bank, consisting of economical policy reforms that the countries have to undergo in order to be eligible for loans. The impact of these adjustment loans is widely criticized due to the negative effects observed. Our purpose is to investigate in depth why these adjustment programs have not delivered the expected results. We’ve found that there exist some undesirable consequences following SAP implementation that has a hindering effect on growth. These, combined with the complicate context in which the IMF and World Bank operates can be seen as the explanation for the adversity experienced.

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20

Yassin, Khaled M. "Impact of structural adjustment policies on health in developing countries." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969749430.

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21

Dagdeviren, Hulya. "The impact of structural adjustment program on investment in Turkey." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393160.

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This thesis provides an analysis of investment behaviour in Turkey after the implementation of structural adjustment programs. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of program policies on investment. The validity of neoclassical economic predictions, which are associated with adjustment programs, is also discussed. In most parts, a comparative approach is adopted. That is, the performance in relation to investment after the initiation of structural adjustment is examined in comparison to that prior to adjustment. The thesis includes a review of theoretical and empirical investment studies. A large, long-run macro level data set on investment and other related economic indicators was compiled for the analysis. The impact of reforms is examined on the basis of three key transmission mechanisms: the public sector, the financial sector and efficiency. An econometric analysis of investment behaviour on the basis of cointegration and the error-correction method is used to test the significance of the variables concerned. Four main findings deserve emphasis. First, the degree of deregulation in Turkey has been limited by factors such as market structure and the incentive system. Second, the contributory role of the public sector, especially public investment in the process of development, can be understood on the basis of a historical perspective. Third, the experience of Turkey does not provide support for the predictions of the McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis. That is, financial deregulation measures have neither increased savings and credits significantly nor led to an improvement in financial efficiency and intermediation. Finally, overall and investment efficiency estimates do not suggest a superior performance after the introduction of structural adjustment. In general, our findings suggest that there have been crucial structural changes, especially in the distribution of investment after liberalisation. However, program policies have not necessarily led to an improvement in the level and the growth rate of total investment.
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22

Gad, Laila. "The impact of structural adjustment on trade unions in Egypt." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1132/.

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The following research focuses on trade union organisations, and in particular trade union officialdom in Egypt. The study examines the extent to which trade union officials at the various levels of the trade union hierarchy are reacting to reforms instigated by structural adjustment policies. The adoption of structural adjustment and economic reform measures as proposed by the World Bank and IMF have resulted in the government's withdrawal of some of the benefits and privileges it accorded to workers. Public sector workers are particularly affected by these changes, thereby posing a challenge to trade union officialdom, since the bulk of trade union membership is within the public sector. Trade union officials are reacting to the reform measures by trying to balance their role as representatives of workers' interests and their role in administering state policy. Whereas in the past these two roles were reconcilable, however, with liberalisation of the economy and the adoption of structural adjustment measures that is no longer tenable. Trade unionism has been weakened by the incorporation of union officials within government corporate structures, making it more difficult for trade union officialdom to challenge the reform measures adopted by the government. Rather, trade union officials are opting for `co-operation' both with the government and with management in enterprises, to the cost of workers. In enterprises, trade union officials emphasise that the interests of work and workers are inseparable. At the level of the confederation and general unions, union officials present themselves as working to keep workers' rights, but also as partners with the government in its drive for growth. By so doing trade union officials are de-politicising trade unionism, and instead focus on economic gains. Union officials are redefining their role away from workers. Trade union action at the various levels is not based on what workers want or demand, but rather on what trade union officials want, in the belief that workers do not truly know their interests. As a result, trade union action has promoted the interests of union officials rather than that of the workers. Trade unionism has become in a sense a shell without a content. However, there is evidence that there are pressures to democratise trade unionism and make it more responsive to worker demands. These pressures are from within the worker base, from trade union officials particularly at the enterprise level who are affilited to political parties, and from external forces like the Islamists. However these forces have their limitations, particularly in the face of institutionalised sectors that are capable of reproducing themselves and promoting their interests.
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Sakr, Khaled. "The Dutch Disease and structural adjustment in Egypt (1974-1992)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387988.

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Tanoh, Fred Ebow Nana. "Structural adjustment in Africa : Ghana's experience in the 1980's." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695278.

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25

Winter, Simon Michael. "Institutional dynamics of manufacturing under structural adjustment, Zimbabwe, 1990-1996." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1998. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29364/.

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The thesis critically and empirically examines the development of manufacturing in Zimbabwe, through a case study of the metal engineering sector, following the introduction of the structural adjustment programme (ESAP) in 1990/91. Original field research of manufacturing firms and supporting organisations was conducted in Zimbabwe during 1995 and 1996. A theoretical framework is applied using concepts of institutional legacy and path dependency. This provides an alternative approach to use of neo-classically based analytical frameworks. It is concluded that orthodox economic approaches are inadequate as a basis for improving the prospects for successful industrial development, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a need to improve the understanding of a country's changing social relations, in their historical context. This includes analysing patterns of agency within and between institutions and the individuals that comprise them. In part this can be accomplished by examining class and power relations and conflicts. Zimbabwe's structural adjustment programme was not followed by industrial rejuvenation and expansion. Firm performance varied in ways that cannot be explained using conventional economic approaches. Overall, there has been: a lack of technological and organisational improvements and industrial investment; a decline in real wages and industrial employment; and, a lack of skills improvement across firms and supporting organisations. Zimbabwean industrial development suffers from a dislocation of interest between those owning most of the productive industrial capital and those formulating policies that affect industry. The capitalist class is fragmented between historically established white capitalists, and emergent indigenous or black interests. Explanations are offered for the observed weaknesses of supporting institutions, including government ministries, training organisations and workers' and employers' organisations. The findings make a strong case that without better data collection from firms and an improved understanding of historical contexts and constraints, policy shifts to promote industrial development will not have the desired results. Even though the research collects a better data set than previously available, it is difficult to draw the types of definite conclusions and recommendations presented by most commentators on the same questions.
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Iheduru, Obioma M. "Structural Adjustment, Civil Society, and Democratization in Sub Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278496/.

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Two recent developments dominate the political economy of Sub Saharan Africa -- the adoption of economic structural adjustment reforms and the emergence of pressures for the democratization of the political process. Economic reform measures have spawned civil society, made up of anti-authoritarian, anti-statist, non-governmental organizations, that demand political liberalization. This study is an attempt to analyze, theoretically and quantitatively, the unanticipated association between these developments. Democratic institutions inherited by Sub Saharan Africa at independence were subverted either through military coups or by the abuse and misuse of the institutions by an inordinately ambitious political elite. Thus, about a decade into independence more than three quarters of the sub continent virtually came under authoritarian rule. Contemporaneously there was a decline in the economies of these countries, forcing them to borrow from international financial institutions, in order to offset their balance of payment difficulties. By the mid-1980s most of Sub Saharan Africa had also instituted structural adjustment programs. Using a pooled cross-sectional time series model of analysis, data gathered from Sub Saharan African countries are analysed to test the explanatory power of the three extant contending theories of development: classical, dependency, and neoliberal. Then, most importantly, the analysis examines the relationship between structural adjustment, the development of civil society, and democratization. Overall, the results indicate that the institutional structures generated by, and the political millieu created by structural adjustment are conducive for the evolution of civil society and for its activities for democracy. This political opportunity, however, is also found to be dependent on the level of restructuring involved. The more the political system is restructured, the more the freedom of political participation by civil society, and the higher the level of democratization. The study found a very weak relationship between structural adjustment and economic growth, thereby calling into question many current economic policies. It further demonstrated that no one single theory had the advantages over others in explaining the dynamics of both political and economic development in Sub Saharan Africa and, by extension, in other developing countries.
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O'Shea, Joseph Brian. "The political economy of structural adjustment in Ghana, 1983-1989." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10270.

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Acho, Onyebuchi S. (Onyebuchi Sunday). "Love Attitudes and Marital Adjustment Through Five Stages of the Marital Life-Cycle in Protestant Nigerian Society." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331089/.

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This study examined the relationship between love attitude and marital adjustment across five stages of the marital life-cycle in Nigerian society. The subjects for this study were 202 volunteers from six protestant churches representing six cities in the southern part of Nigeria. An average of 20 couples were representatives of each of the five marital life-cycles. Each of the subjects completed the Love Attitude Inventory (LAI), and the Marital Adjustment Test (short form) (MAT). Wilk's multivariate analysis revealed no significant differences between husbands' and wives' love attitude and marital adjustment across the five stages of the marital life cycle. Multivariate analysis split-plot 5.2 with repeated measures revealed no significant difference for the total sample among the groups, but indicated a significant difference between love attitude and marital adjustment for the total sample using sex as a factor. A univariate test of the MAT and LAI indicated that the MAT accounted for the difference. A canonical correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between husbands1 and wives' marital adjustment and love attitude within each of the five groups. The findings suggest that husbands and wives included in this study have a good understanding of their roles in the marriage relationship and that the partners have general agreement regarding those roles. The marriage partners apparently have strong influences on each other's perceptions of love attitude and marital adjustment.
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Yarjah, Tamba. "Econometric investigation into some aspects of the Sierra Leone economy." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270214.

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Modi, Amisha. "Korogwe market traders, a window on the impacts of structural adjustment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51087.pdf.

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31

Bilame, Odass. "Performance and prospects of agriculture during structural adjustment programmes in tanzania /." Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler : Wehle, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/371108586.pdf.

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Kanji, Nazneen. "Gender and structural adjustment policies : a case study of Harare, Zimbabwe." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1244/.

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Research on the effects of Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs), implemented in Third World countries since the early 1980s, has been dominated, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, by the analysis of quantitative, national-level data. The relationship between gender and SAPs at the household level has been largely neglected. This thesis examines the above relationship in Harare, Zimbabwe where the government's recent adoption of the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme, ESAP (1991-95) has allowed a study of the processes of change at the household level following changes in macro-economic and social policies. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to provide an integrated picture of changes in the lives of women and men in a random sample of 100 households in one typical high-density suburb in Harare. A base-line study was carried out in mid-1991 and the same households followed up in mid-1992. Gender-specific changes in employment and income, household expenditure, domestic work and involvement in social organisations were investigated as well as responses to the dramatic rises in the cost of living following measures implemented under ESAP. The research shows that almost all households have been negatively affected by ESAP, with widening income differentials and a much greater proportion of households falling below the Poverty Datum Line. Household savings have been depleted and a greater number of households are in debt. Women's income has declined to a greater extent than men's and their responsibility to meet daily consumption needs of the household has become more difficult to fulfil, resulting in increased gender-based conflict. Although all households were forced to cut consumption, the poorest households have been worst affected with women taking greater cuts than men. Coping responses were found to be individual and family-based, sometimes across urban and rural areas, rather than community-based. Responses have been defensive, aimed at coping with rather than changing the situation, and largely ineffective in compensating for declining real wages, rising prices and diminishing income generating opportunities. The relationship between changes at household level and specific policy measures were assessed and the evidence indicates that both income and gender based inequalities have, to date, been exacerbated by ESAP. The Social Dimensions of Adjustment poverty alleviation programme is very weak in its conceptualisation and implementation. The study emphasizes the need for more equitable and gender-sensitive strategies for development.
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33

Monasterios, Perez Karin. "Structural adjustment and the collapse of the Bolivian model of accumulation." Ottawa, 1994.

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Mwandumba, Gertrude Ennet. "Globalisation, structural adjustment and small and micro-sized enterprises in Malawi." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2007. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5830/.

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35

Berolsky, Nuno Goncalo. "An evaluation of IMF structural adjustment programmes : lessons for South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002668.

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The mixed results of International Monetary Fund structural adjustment programmes in less developed countries are a major motivation for this research. Explanations must be advanced as to what may inhibit the success of such programmes. South Africa has often found itself in a precarious position- with a deteriorating balance of payments, a position similar to other countries that have accepted IMF loans. Furthermore, South Africa undertook an IMF loan in 1993. Financial support from the IMF incorporates structural adjustment programmes. These may include measures such as tighter monetary policy, reduction in the budget deficit, exchange rate devaluation and ceilings on domestic credit with increased interest rates (Ferguson, 1988). These policies illustrate the principle of ‘conditionality,’ whereby access to further loans is conditional on certain criteria being met, such as reduced budget deficits and inflation rates. The principle of conditionality has met with a great deal of criticism. Bacha (1987) and Dell (1982) argue that these aggregate demand-reducing conditions more often than not stagnate domestic economies, worsening the balance of payment and result in programme breakdowns. Essentially, they refer to the IMF conditions as ‘unrealistic.’ The IMF denies this, arguing that shortfalls are mainly due to a lack of political commitment to carry out its conditions (Winters, 1994). This issue of conditionality will be examined in detail, using three specific case studies. The aim of this study is to examine the characteristics of Brazil, Mexico and Zambia to see whether or not the IMF programmes were successful. Guidelines will be established for South African policy from these case studies. South Africa is trying to adjust to the competitiveness of the international economy. At the same time, the need for reconstruction and development exerts increasing pressures on the balance of payments. Guidelines are established for a successful economic adjustment for South Africa. The research concludes that South Africa is certainly in line for a successful transformation. The rigidities are not as extensive as has been the case in Brazil and Zambia. Institutionally, South Africa is sound. However there are still challenges in this area, such as export diversification and economic stability to attract foreign investment.
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36

Pirzadeh, Ali. "The impact of adjustment program in Romania /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10315.

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37

Jazayeri, A. "Economic adjustment, prices, and output in two oil exporting countries : The case of Iran and Nigeria." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374905.

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38

Peng, Zhaoyang. "External shocks and structural adjustment in the post-reform Chinese economy--the case of the 1986 oil price fall /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php3983.pdf.

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39

Strauss, Tove. "Governance and structural adjustment programs : effects on investment, growth, and income distribution." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-639.

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This dissertation consists of three essays (and a short introductory chapter). Essay 1: Growth and Government - Is there a Difference between Developed and Developing Countries? In this essay we examine the role of government for growth in 64 industrialized and developing countries, considering both expenditure and financing aspects of government. Recognizing that there are differences between the two country groups leading to severe heteroskedasticity, we use weighted least squared estimations. The general conclusion is that the means of financing matters more for growth than do government spending. We find that seigniorage and budget surplus are important for growth in LDCs but not in industrialized countries, while capital revenue matters only in the latter group. Moreover, the level of indebtedness is a negative determinant of growth in LDCs. Essay 2: Economic Reforms and the Poor. This essay analyzes the effects of economic reform for different income groups. Our interest is spurred by the international debate on the social consequences of reforms and the potential adverse effects on poverty in particular. We find that the poor are in general positively affected by inflationary control, structural reforms and trade reforms, while reducing government consumption affect the poorest income quintile negatively. In contries having undertaken World Bank financed reforms actual income of the poor was higher than predicted. Moreover, as the impact of reforms was strongest on the poor, World Bank support appears to reduce income inequality. Essay 3: Structural Reforms, Uncertainty and Private Investment. Since almost two decades back a large number of LDCs have embarked on World Bank supported structural adjustment programs with the objective to promote economic growth and private investment. We consider how the design of reform programs can increase reform credibility and thus reduce uncertainty in the economy. Using a unique database on adjustment lending, we test the effects of reform on private investment behavior. We find that while political factors seem to have no effect on private investment response in reforming countries, magnitudes as well as scope of reform are important positive explanatory variables.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1999

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40

Duffin, Shelley. "Male bias in structural adjustment, Chilean women's experience with neo-liberal reform." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/MQ30711.pdf.

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41

Barr, N. F. "Salinity control, water reform and structural adjustment : the Tragowel Plains Irrigation District /." Connect to thesis, 1999. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000230/l.

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42

Mamuya, Ian. "Structural adjustment and reform of the public sector control system in Tanzania /." Hamburg : Inst. für Afrika-Kunde, 1993. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/277404932.pdf.

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43

Baker, Philip. "Structural adjustment as a stakeholder-determined change management process : evidence from Jamaica." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632638.

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A new formulation of structural adjustment is presented that stresses the institutionalisation of stakeholders' priorities, policy credibility, equity of impact during implementation, and the continuous renewal of national competitive advantage as major strategic objectives of corporate and national governance. This orientation dispenses with the conventional practice of applying a single orthodoxy to all settings, replacing it with a framework that incorporates the policy priorities of key in-country stakeholders together with other important social, economic, and political idiosyncrasies of a particular setting. A stakeholder-determined, context-dependent framework is used to analyse a case study involving the efficacy of efforts at improving macroeconomic management in Jamaica under a multi-year structural and sectoral adjustment programme. The result is an approach that offers the promise of connecting micro-level economic activity with macro-level performance as part of a wider strategic change management process.
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Holland, Jeremy Douglas. "Social and spatial mobility under structural adjustment : a study of Kingston, Jamaica." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260315.

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Elliott, Robert J. R. "Industrial specialisation and adjustment in the EU : structural and labour market dimensions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297750.

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46

Donkor, Kwabena. "Ghana : structural adjustment and its impact on the incidence of mass poverty." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/833e8222-80b3-4a01-9869-18f3e3ee0acd.

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47

Muuka, Nkombo. "The impact of Zambia's 1983-1993 structural adjustment programme on business strategy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20050.

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As Zambia entered the 1980s with its economy continuing to weaken further at every turn, it eventually dawned on policy makers and implementers that the buoyant copper years of the previous decade and half may never come back. Although the country had stand-by-agreements (SBAs) with the IMF from as far back as 1973, there was still hope in the decade that followed that the copper-led problems were transitory. By 1983 these hopes could no longer be sustained, as the country's growth engine -copper - assumed impossible-to-ignore sputtering levels. In came the structural adjustment programme (SAP), whose inevitability and necessity this study completely identifies with. Among the major objectives of Zambia's SAP have been and continue to be: diversification away from copper by promoting non-copper, non-traditional exports; reduction or elimination of balance of payments (BOP) deficits; switching production from non-tradables to tradables and, ultimately, resumption of higher rates of economic performance. Reduction in the level of inflation, reduction in government budget deficits, and reduction in the level of unemployment have also occupied the front rank in the country's recovery efforts. This study - from a Business Policy background by a management scholar - has looked at the impact of Zambia's 1983-93 SAP on manufacturing sector business strategy. It uses as its main contribution, results of an empirical study of the impact of SAP on 43 manufacturing firms in Zambia. At the macro-level, the fundamental causes of Zambia's structural crisis are found to be quite diverse and complex. Some causes are rooted in history, some in nature, some in the external environment, and yet others in wrong domestic policies. Structural rigidities in the economy are found to be largely un-altered despite a 10-year attempt at adjustment. The economy is also plagued by what we have called here the 4-D Syndrome - that is Debt, Drought, Dependence on primary exports and imported raw materials, and Disease.
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48

Heredia-Zubieta, Carlos Antonio. "The Mexican crisis : the neoliberal model of structural adjustment on trial, 1982-1985." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65334.

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49

Mancus, Philip Michael. "An international division of nature : the effects of structural adjustment on agricultural sustainability /." Thesis, Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10247.

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Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. "This dissertation studies the effects of national economic restructuring programs, implemented under the administration of multilateral development institutions, on the fertilizer intensity, energy intensity, and value efficiency of national commodity agriculture for the period 1980 to 2002"--P. iv. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-182). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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50

Canterbury, Dennis C. "The political economy of labour in a dependent plantation economy under structural adjustment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22792.pdf.

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