Relevant bibliographies by topics / Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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Saeed, Ahlam Nassar Omar. "Role and Impact of World Bank Structural Adjustment Programs in Developing Countries." Humán Innovációs Szemle 15, no. 1 (2024): 162–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61177/hisz.2024.15.1.10.

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This paper aims to analyze the World Bank's Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) and their impact on Jordan's development trajectory. Jordan serves as a representative case study in the Middle East. The main aim is to examine the dual nature of SAPs as possible catalysts or obstacles to development, closely examining their economic, social, and political impacts. The paper utilizes a combination of qualitative methods to assess the impact of SAP-related changes on economic indicators and analyze the social consequences on Jordanian society. This study is based on a theoretical framework that
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Loewenson, Rene. "Structural Adjustment and Health Policy in Africa." International Journal of Health Services 23, no. 4 (1993): 717–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/wbql-b4jp-k1pp-j7y3.

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World Bank/International Monetary Fund Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) have been introduced in over 40 countries of Africa. This article outlines their economic policy measures and the experience of the countries that have introduced them, in terms of nutrition, health status, and health services. The evidence indicates that SAPs have been associated with increasing food insecurity and undernutrition, rising ill-health, and decreasing access to health care in the two-thirds or more of the population of African countries that already lives below poverty levels. SAPs have also affected hea
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Hentz, James J. "Economic Stagnation in Sub-Sahara Africa and Breaking the Implicit Bargain." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 25, no. 1 (1997): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502492.

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Economic stagnation in most of Sub-Sahara Africa is so persistent that “afro-pessimism” has gone from a term of art to common usage. Africa is entering its second decade of economic reform through neoliberal Stabilization Programs (STABs) and Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs). There is little evidence that these reforms work. Africa is largely to blame, but so too are the logically flawed structural adjustment programs propagated by the International Financial Institutions (IFIs).
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Kerich, Henry. "Analysis of the Impact of International Monetary Fund Programs on Economic Performance of Kenya." Journal of Management Research 8, no. 2 (2016): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v8i2.9248.

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<p>Like most other countries in developing countries, Kenya faces economic challenges as it tries to stabilize its balance of payments, reduce external debts and curb high unemployment rates. Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) are defined as economic programs mainly set for developing countries supported by the Bretton Woods institutions since the beginning of 1980s. As a result of prolonged balance of payments deficits, high unemployment rates and high debts, brought about by poor economic performance, the country has turned to International Monetary Fund for credit assistance. This
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Ogola, Christopher. "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPS) and Social, Economic and Political Stability of the Least Developed Countries Since 1980s." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 6, no. 1 (2025): 968–75. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0125.0306.

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DOGAN, Alper. "Structural Adjustment Programs in Turkey in terms of Income Distribution (1980-2000)." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 10, no. 2 (2016): 2007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v10i2.4743.

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The major obstacle for the instable and developing economies of the developing countries were seen as governmentintervention in the economy. This led to debt crisis for emergency economies in the beginning of 1980s in which theamount of loans they borrowed with low interest rates increased very fast after rising interest rates. This problem gavenew objectives to the IMF and the World Bank to stabilize those economies under deficit pressures with a more profoundand comprehensive package of policy reforms which is known by its famed name, Structural Adjustment Programs. Thephilosophy was the min
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Fonjong, Lotsmart. "Rethinking the Impact of Structural Adjustment Programs on Human Rights Violations in West Africa." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 13, no. 1-2 (2014): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341291.

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Abstract In this article I argue that the worsening human rights situation of West Africa in the early 1990s was largely the creation of the structural adjustment policies (SAP) of the IMF/World Bank. The austerity measures implemented through SAP plunged the region into hardship, forcing the population to demand better living conditions through public demonstrations and protests. Attempts by the West African states to contain protesters led to further human rights abuses. The implementation of a common liberalization policy across board without taking into account the specificities of each co
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Mbithe, Dr Pauline, Dr Prof Germano Mwabu, and Mr Maurice Awiti. "IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS ON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GROWTH IN KENYA." Journal of Agricultural Policy 2, no. 1 (2017): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jap.122.

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Purpose: The study was an examination of the impact of structural adjustment programs on agricultural growth in Kenya.Methodology: The study examined the short run and long run determinants of agricultural sector performance in Kenya. To achieve this, the study use time series regression modeling for data spanning from 1975 to 2010. Tests of normality, unit roots test and cointergration test was applied to determine the properties of the data. Upon proof of cointergration, an error correction model was estimated to link the short run and the long run relationships.Results: The results indicate
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Powers, Theodore, and Theodoros Rakopoulos. "The anthropology of austerity." Focaal 2019, no. 83 (2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2019.830101.

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This introduction posits that austerity is an instantiation of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) and thus must be revisited in two ways, involving its historical and geographical rendering. First, anthropological accounts should think of austerity in the long term, providing encompassing genealogies of the concept rather than seeing it as breach to historical continuity. Second, the discipline should employ the comparative approach to bring together analyses of SAPs in the Global South and austerity measures in the Global North, providing a more comprehensive analysis of this phenomenon. W
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Oluwafemi, Elias, Abdullahi Maimuna, and Joe-Akunne Ikenna. "The role of international financial institutions in shaping African development: a case study of Nigeria's engagement with the IMF and world bank." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 3 (2024): 2802–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14974749.

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This article explores the critical role that International Financial Institutions (IFIs), specifically the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, have played in shaping Nigeria's development. Using Nigeria as a case study, the research investigates the impact of IMF and World Bank interventions on the country's economic policies, particularly through structural adjustment programs (SAPs) and development projects. The analysis includes a review of Nigeria’s economic challenges, beginning with its post-independence era, the introduction of SAPs in the 1980s, and the ongoing
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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Lahdenperä, Jori, and Shehzad Humayoun. "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) & World BankStructural Adjustment Programs : Review study of adjustment-aid theory." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9978.

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<p>Monetary funding to developing countries is today accompanied by so called “Structural Adjustment Programs” (SAPs) imposed by the IMF and the World Bank, consisting of economical policy reforms that the countries have to undergo in order to be eligible for loans. The impact of these adjustment loans is widely criticized due to the negative effects observed. Our purpose is to investigate in depth why these adjustment programs have not delivered the expected results. We’ve found that there exist some undesirable consequences following SAP implementation that has a hindering effect on growth.
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Hartwell, Leon. "The international political economy of structural adjustment programmes and poverty reduction strategy papers in Africa : a comparative analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25265.

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This study focuses on the debtor-creditor relationship between African states and the International Financial Institutions (IFIs). More specifically, it makes use of ‘post-positivist’ approaches as analytical tools and it compares the controversial Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) with so-called ‘post-SAPs’ in order to establish whether the latter debt relief strategies are an improvement on the former. Post-SAPs include, amongst others, the Enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC II) and Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs). Jointly, the post-SAPs initiatives aim
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Strauss, Tove. "Governance and structural adjustment programs : effects on investment, growth, and income distribution." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-639.

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This dissertation consists of three essays (and a short introductory chapter). Essay 1: Growth and Government - Is there a Difference between Developed and Developing Countries? In this essay we examine the role of government for growth in 64 industrialized and developing countries, considering both expenditure and financing aspects of government. Recognizing that there are differences between the two country groups leading to severe heteroskedasticity, we use weighted least squared estimations. The general conclusion is that the means of financing matters more for growth than do government sp
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Barankariza, Irene. "Effects of Structural Adjustment Programs in the Mining Industry on Women in Zambia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34107.

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Notwithstanding the many claims about the advantages of extracting minerals and about the level of demand for these commodities, the existing literature has shown that Zambian mines rarely benefit their host communities. This study details the challenges and opportunities perceived by women who work and live in the Kalulushi and Kitwe mining communities of Zambia. Drawing on contemporary Marxist feminist theory and on transnational feminist theory, a qualitative research design was applied whereby in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 women from the Kalulushi and Kitwe mine communities wi
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Thiboutot, Monika. "The Combined Effects of HIV/AIDS and Structural Adjustment Programs on Ugandan Underdevelopment." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/730.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf<br>Bachelors<br>Arts and Sciences<br>Political Science
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Adegoke, Modupeolu. "Body and country exploited : how structural adjustment programs inpact human trafficking in developing nations." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1236.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Sciences<br>Political Science
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Kraev, Egor. "Towards adequate analysis and modeling of structural adjustment programs : an analytical framework with application to Ghana /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2017.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Public Affairs. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Bokhari, Sven, and Duca Fabrizio Del. "Economic Development through Globalisation in Nigeria : An analysis of Shell & the IMF Structural Adjustment Programs." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-861.

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<p>Date: 2008/06/03</p><p>Level: Master thesis in International Business and Entrepreneurship, 10p (15ECTS)</p><p>Authors: Sven Bokhari Fabrizio Del Duca</p><p>Title: Economic Development through globalisation in Nigeria. An analysis of Shell & the IMF Structural Adjustment Programs</p><p>Tutor: Leif Linnskog, Ph.D.</p><p>Research Question: Can globalisation be seen as positive or negative for the Economic Development of Nigeria? A focus on Shell and the International Monetary Fund Research Issue: Globalisation in its current form is viewed in the Western world as a positive influence for the
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Ke, Yanyu. "THE MEDICINE OF WAR: IMF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, ETHNIC POLITICS, AND ARMED CIVIL CONFLICT." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/polysci_etds/9.

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The dissertation research answers the question of what explains the variation across countries where the IMF SAP implementation is associated with the onset of armed civil conflict in some countries but not in others. Do SAPs increase the likelihood of the outbreak of armed civil conflict in recipient countries? By what causal mechanism could SAPs increase the probability of the onset of armed civil conflict? This study contributes to extant literature by taking actors’ preferences and ethnicity in recipient countries into account. I argue that the effect of SAP implementation on armed civil c
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Moyo, Theresa. "An error correction approach to modelling demand for money in selected SADC countries under structural adjustment programs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65808.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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Obbo, Jovent K. The impact of structural adjustment programs (SAPs), on family enterprise development in Sheema County, Bushenyi District. NURRU Publications, 2002.

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Kaliisa, Wilfred Monte. The impact of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) on the pastoral economy: The case of Ngoma Sub-County, Luwero District. NURRU Publications, 2002.

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Asian Peasant Women Dialogue on the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs and Structural Adjustment Programs (1992 Antipolo, Philippines). Nurture the seeds of unity, take root, and reclaim our lives!: Papers on the Asian Peasant Women Dialogue on the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) and Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs). AMIHAN, National Federation of Peasant Women, 1993.

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Kanyinga, Karuti. Structural adjustment programmes (SAPS) in Kenya: Implications on lives of women. National Council of Churches of Kenya, 1994.

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Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United. Agricultural issues in structural adjustment programs. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United nations, 1987.

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United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa., ed. Implications of the apparent impact of structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) on population. The Commission, 1991.

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D, Norton Roger. Agricultural issues in structural adjustment programs: Report. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1987.

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Bategeka, Lawrence Nkooto. The effects of SAPs on land use under different land tenure systems in Kibaale District. NURRU Publications, 2003.

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Kabuye, Matia Kagimu. The impact of SAPs on private sector employment in Uganda: A case study of Kampala District. NURRU Publications, 2002.

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National Committee on the Status of Women (Kenya), Netherlands Embassy (Kenya), and Workshop on the Impact of Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) on the Female Gender in Kenya (1994 : Nairobi, Kenya), eds. The impact of SAPs on the female gender in Kenya. The Commission, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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Rao, M. J. Manohar, and Balwant Singh. "Liberalization and Growth-Oriented Structural Adjustment Programs: A Financial Programming Approach for India." In Dynamics of Globalization and Development. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6219-1_3.

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Nondo, Chali, and Felix Kumah-Abiwu. "A Comparative Analysis of the Structural Adjustment Programs in Ghana and Zambia: Policies and Performance." In Jerry John Rawlings. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14667-1_18.

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Emeagwali, Gloria. "The Neo-Liberal Agenda and the Imf/World Bank Structural Adjustment Programs With Reference To Africa." In Critical Perspectives on Neoliberal Globalization, Development and Education in Africa and Asia. SensePublishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-561-1_1.

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Katsikas, Dimitris, and Pery Bazoti. "Managing the Crisis in Greece: The Missing Link between External Conditionality and Domestic Political Economy." In Financial Crisis Management and Democracy. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54895-7_8.

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AbstractThe handling of the Greek crisis was not successful. Despite the sacrifices that the Greek people had to endure, the country’s structural problems both in the public sector and the economy have not been resolutely resolved. This chapter offers an explanation for this failure. The main idea is to connect the externally imposed policy conditionality, with the particular characteristics of Greece’s domestic political economy, seeking to integrate an analysis of impediments and opportunities for structural reform. While the literature on external institutional constraints emphasizes the po
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Kawaye, Floney P., and Michael F. Hutchinson. "Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato Yield on Monthly Climate in Malawi." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_120.

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AbstractClimate change and climate variability in Malawi have negatively affected the production of maize, a staple food crop. This has adversely affected food security. On the other hand, there have been increases in growing area, production, yield, consumption, and commercialization of both cassava and sweet potato. Factors behind these increases include the adaptive capacity of these crops in relation to climate change and variability, structural adjustment programs, population growth and urbanization, new farming technologies, and economic development. Cassava and sweet potato are seen to
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"Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs)." In The Anti-Capitalist Dictionary. Zed Books Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350222939.0155.

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Chorev, Nitsan. "Global Pharmaceuticals and East Africa." In Give and Take. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691197845.003.0002.

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This chapter traces the shift in the pharmaceutical markets in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda from markets dominated by originator (brand-name) drugs produced by western companies to markets dominated by generic drugs produced in the global South, most prominently, in India. The rise of Indian exports was not simply a consequence of conditions in India, as it is often suggested. In East Africa, it was also a consequence of market liberalization imposed through Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) on the three countries in the 1980s and 1990s. Specifically, the removal of foreign exchange restric
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Mangeni, Francis, and Andrew Mold. "The Heart of the Matter." In Borderless Africa. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197774168.003.0004.

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Abstract Chapter 4 discusses one of the key developmental challenges of the African continent—the lack of economic diversification. The continent’s continued dependence on commodity exports—which still in 2022 represented around 80% of Africa’s total exports—is a legacy of the colonial period. The price that the continent paid became apparent in the 1980s and 1990s, when commodity prices fell to such an extent that by the mid-1990s “tropical Africa’s share of world trade probably fell to its lowest point in a thousand years”. The situation was aggravated by the policies pursued under structura
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Breman, Anna, and Carolyn Shelton. "Structural Adjustment Programs and Health." In Globalization and Health. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195172997.003.0013.

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Appiah-Kubi, Kojo. "Fiscal Impacts of Structural Adjustment." In IMF and World Bank Sponsored Structural Adjustment Programs in Africa. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315210414-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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GEMECHU, Seboka Alemu. "IMF Tariff Conditionality, Aid for Trade and Trade: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa." In The International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences. Editura ASE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/icess/2024/069.

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Recently, world tariff rates based on the Most Favoured Nation have declined with more significant drops observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) particularly on agricultural products. However, the IMF conditions tied to aid for aid-receiving countries during the economic crisis are criticised for biased decision-making and their ineffectiveness in trade reform policies in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study is to investigate how IMF-tariff conditions tied to aid for trade impact agricultural product trade in SSA through Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs).
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Karademir, Alper. "THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS ON WOMEN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." In 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2016.024.043.

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Guillot, Michael W., and Jack E. Helms. "Analysis of a Hemispherical Head With Nozzle and Local Thin Area." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2687.

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The ability to analyze the behavior of pressure vessels with structural defects has been greatly improved by the general availability of PC based finite element analysis programs. In this study a hemispherical head with a nozzle and a local thin area is analyzed using finite element models. The requirement to apply a 15 % stress adjustment is also examined in light of the results of the finite element analyses.
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Elnashai, Amr, and Do-Soo Moon. "COUPLING OF HIGHRISE BUILDING EARTHQUAKE RETROFIT AND BUILDING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (BIM) SYSTEM." In 2nd Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/2crocee.2023.71.

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Highrise buildings that have structural irregularities are in general more susceptible to damage from earthquakes. Such damage is primarily due to the coupling of torsional and translational vibrational response whereby the building twists even though it is being excited in translational modes only. For optimal earthquake design and retrofit of such structures, several cycles of iterations of structural analysis followed by design change are often needed. To provide efficiency and accuracy of iterative assessment-adjustment cycles in the design process, this study proposes an integrated seismi
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Weinhold, Volker, Mohamed Ridha Baccouche, and Abid Hasan. "Crash Energy Management of Aluminum Components." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0965.

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Abstract Automobile manufacturers increasingly desire to produce vehicles that are not only fuel efficient and environmentally friendly, but also, light weight and structurally safe. Vehicle weight plays an important role in fuel consumption and is relatively effected by the size of structural components and powertrain. The quest to reduce vehicle weight without jeopardizing structure’s crash energy management has lead to investigating materials other than steel, i.e., aluminum, composite, magnesium etc. In this regard, aluminum is the most popular material that is prominent due to its tangibl
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Serban, Catalin, and Corina Tifrea. "THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SUUNTO ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR MONITORING TRAINING, IN PREPARATION OF SPORTSMEN PRACTICING SHOOTING, SAMPLE AIR RIFLE 10M MEN." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-203.

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This paperwork would like to emphasize the importance of using SUUNTO electronic system for monitoring training, in the assessment of general and specific training effort, sample Air Rifle 10m 60 shots Men. In the branch of shooting sport, in Romania, the SUUNTO electronic system for monitoring training was used for the first time by athlete Alin George Moldoveanu, Olympic champion - London 2012, sample Air Rifle 10m Men, competitive year 2011 -2012. This system allows the athlete to monitor and analyze his physical and technical trainings in terms of the internal parameters of effort or heart
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Ama Afun, Lilian, Mohammed-Aminu Sanda, Anna Alacovska, and Obi Berko Damoah. "Fashion Entrepreneurs’ Experiences of Hope in a Precarious Ghanaian Creative Industry." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004316.

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This paper explored creative entrepreneurs’ experiences of hope in navigating precarious working conditions in the Ghanaian fashion industry. The inquiry was motivated by a mistaken belief in the existing entrepreneurial literature that successful creative entrepreneurs enjoy a comfortable lifestyle. However, the reality in the creative arts sector is that individual entrepreneurs must deal with wave after wave of tumultuous work environments caused by precarity. Emerging research reveals that issues of precarity within the fashion industry have been intensified due to the influx of substitute
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Morrison, A., Z. Rakhmetov, J. Vij, J. J. Huang, and Y. Mulyukova. "Digital Transformation of Well-Engineering: Deploying an Integrated Cloud-Based Solution for Enhanced Performance and Collaboration." In SPE Caspian Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217658-ms.

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Abstract In 2022, Tengizchevroil (TCO) adopted and transitioned to a cloud-based well-engineering solution (combination of multiple engineering engines), an adoption that was built upon the successful implementations and learnings from other asset locations. The primary objective is to achieve enhancements in performance, integration of data and applications, and improved collaboration targeted for factory or pad well planning. This paper outlines the deployment process, significant milestones, utilization of agile methodology, and the benefits derived from this digital transformation. After a
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Reports on the topic "Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)"

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Onyango, Roselyne. General Comment 7 - State Obligations Under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights in the Context of Private Provision of Social Services - A Summary and Advocacy Tool. Edited by Aya Douabou and José Antonio Guevara. Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53110/twzr7199.

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addresses state obligations under the African Charter concerning the provision of social services amid increasing privatisation. Since the 1980s, structural adjustment programs in Africa and Latin America have led to the decline of public social services like education and healthcare, exacerbating inequality. General Comment 7 reaffirms the importance of public social services, providing a comprehensive interpretation of human rights laws. It outlines the necessity for states to ensure quality, accessible public services through progressive taxation and effective regulation of private actors.
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