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1
Bainbridge, William Sims. "Social cognition of religion." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29, no. 5 (October 2006): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x06239104.
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Research on religion can advance understanding of social cognition by building connections to sociology, a field in which much cognitively oriented work has been done. Among the schools of sociological thought that address religious cognition are: structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, conflict theory, phenomenology, and, most recently, exchange theory. The gulf between sociology and cognitive science is an unfortunate historical accident.
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Izadi, Arezoo, Mahmoud Mohammadi, Shahriayar Nasekhian, and Soraya Memar. "Structural Functionalism, Social Sustainability and the Historic Environment: A Role for Theory in Urban Regeneration." Historic Environment: Policy & Practice 11, no. 2-3 (February 13, 2020): 158–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17567505.2020.1723248.
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Yam, Shing-Chung Jonathan. "i-Soc: An Info-Sociological Approach to Structural–Agent Causal Symmetry." Philosophies 5, no. 2 (April 20, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies5020008.
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In this article, I discuss the sociality of information flow by investigating a momentous yet often-neglected side of it—the reinforcing info-causal loops between habitus and structures. I treat habitus as a principled agent and explain how structure sustains itself (under the framework of Fiske and Pinker et al.) by upholding principles as goals or reducing them into subroutines (goal subjugation). At the structural level, four dominant categorical schemes—game theory, network analysis, systems functionalism, and field theory—are investigated for the characteristic information flow that they can capture. The result is an info-sociological approach that acknowledges causal symmetry between structure and agents.
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Kuzmin, Viktor. "Peculiarities of implementation of career strategies in the framework of poststructuralism." Grani 23, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172024.
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The prerequisites for the formation of the theory of post-structuralism within the framework of sociological theory are set out in the article. The problems of the development of neo-functionalism as the first direction of post-structural sociological theory as an alternative theory to structural functionalism have been identified. The prospects for further research in the formulation and implementation of career strategies and scenarios within post-structuralism have been explored. The influence of postmodern sociological and socio-philosophical ideas on the structure of societies by post-structural type is evaluated. The patterns of post-structural transformations in the countries of Western and Eastern Europe are characterized. The mechanisms of post-structural transformation of social structures of the countries of Western Europe and the state support of these processes on the example of economic reforms by M. Thatcher are considered in the text. The problems of transformation of the structures of the societies of the countries of Eastern Europe have been clarified and compared with the social and socio-economic features of the parade of sovereignty of the Soviet republics and the countries party to the Warsaw Pact. The peculiarities of the transformation of the structures of society by post-structural type in different parts of Europe are compared. The impact of the liberal transformation of public institutions in the second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century on the formation and implementation of career strategies of Europeans was evaluated. The peculiarities of the formation of career strategies within societies with transformed public institutions by post-structural type are determined. An outline of the development of further career strategies and scenarios in the short and medium term perspectives for the formation and implementation of career strategies in Europe is provided. The article deals with the peculiarities of planning career strategies in the framework of post-structuralism and the peculiarities of the influence of neo-functionalism on. The concept of career strategy in the context of the achievements of the sociology of post-structuralism is considered. Examples of career strategies developed within a post-structural society are examined and ways of their evolution are explored. The peculiarities of the formation of career strategies at different stages of the evolution of a post-structural society are analyzed and forecasts of their further development are given.The author emphasized that poststructuralism was the answer to the crisis of structural functionalism, whose methodology could no longer satisfy most sociologists and the scientific community in providing valid research and interpretations of social relations in the societies of Western Europe and North America. It has been suggested that in the future, post-structuralist society will be modernized into a society that will have a more stable structure through differentiation of society by individual value orientations, which will allow to function within individual social structures, which will be massive and will not intersect at one another, but will not intersect at one another. only massive public structures. This will allow the implementation of offline career strategies within a separate public structure.
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Brdar, Milan. "Social system theory as a 'knitting' of structural functionalism: A contribution to the new parsons interpretation." Socioloski pregled 41, no. 2 (2007): 145–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socpreg0702145b.
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Kim, Bong Seok. "Translation of American contemporary sociological theory into Korean: A Brief Introduction : From Structural Functionalism to Ethnomethodology." Society and Theory 24 (May 31, 2014): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.17209/st.2014.05.24.153.
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Lukashchuk, Vitalii. "The evolution of sociological approaches to sports studying." Ukrainian society 2012, no. 1 (2012): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2012.01.039.
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The evolution of sociological approaches to sports studying is considered in the article. It is shown that the theories by T.Veblen, M.Weber, H.Ortega-y-Gasset, J.Huizinga, K.Jaspers, N.Elias, P.Bourdie has rendered essential influence on formation and development of sociology of sports. It is noticed that scientists an lazed sports as a social phenomenon with the help of different theories: the theory of game, structural functionalism, existentialism,structuralism, the theory of conflict,phenomenology, the figurational theory, symbolical interactionism. It is underlined that postmodern sociology has wide application in modern sociology in sports studying.
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Sudjana, Sudjana. "Penegakan Hukum terhadap Pembajakan Karya Cipta dalam Perspektif Teori Fungsionalisme Struktural." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 22, no. 1 (May 4, 2020): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v22i1.12925.
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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penegakan hukum terhadap pembajakan karya cipta melalui pendekatan indikator penegakan hukum dalam perspektif teori fungsionalisme struktural. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah yuridis empiris, yaitu mendeskripsikan fenomena (penegakan hukum terhadap pembajakan karya cipta) dalam perspektif fungsional struktural. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis melalui penalaran berdasarkan logika untuk dapat menarik kesimpulan yang logis. Hasil kajian menunjuk-kan bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap pembajakan karya cipta melalui rezim hukum hak cipta tidak efektif, karena itu perlu pendekatan sistematis berdasarkan teori fungsionalisme struktural, yaitu adaptation (harus menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan hukum hak cipta itu berlaku), goal attainment (memenuhi tujuannya yaitu kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan), integration (satu kesatuan yang mencakup hukum-nya [Undang-Undang Hak Cipta], penegak hukum, fasilitas pendukung, masyarakat dan budaya [hukum]), latency (melengkapi, memelihara, dan memperbaiki, motivasi individu maupun pola-pola kultural yang menopang motivasi untuk mentaati Undang-Undang Hak cipta). Law Enforcement on The Study of Copyright Works In Perspective Theory of Structural Functionalism This study aims to describe law enforcement against copyright piracy through an Indicator of Law Enforcement approach in the Perspective of Structural Functionalism Theory.The approach method used in this study is empirical juridical, which is to describe the phenomenon (law enforcement against copyright piracy) in a functional structural perspective. While the data analysis used is qualitative, ie the data that has been obtained is analyzed through logic based reasoning to be able to draw logical conclusions.The results of the study show that law enforcement against copyright piracy through an ineffective copyright law regime therefore requires a systematic approach based on structural functionalism theory, namely: Adaptation, must adapt to the applicable copyright law environment. Goal attainment, fulfilling its objectives, namely legal certainty, justice and expediency. Integration, is a unit that includes: the law (copyright law), law enforcement, supporting facilities, society and culture (law). Latency, equipping, maintaining, and improving, individual motivation and cultural patterns that support motivation to comply with the copyright law.
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Wrahatnala, Bondet. "CONGWAYNDUT: REFLEKSI FUNGSIONALISME STRUKTURAL SENI PERTUNJUKAN YANG MELINTAS BATAS." Acintya Jurnal Penelitian Seni Budaya 12, no. 2 (May 7, 2021): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/acy.v12i2.3576.
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Abstract This paper positions itself as a study that portrays the Keroncong Wayang Gendut (Congwayndut) performance, as performance art that reflects structural functionalism. Because Congwayndut explicitly contained aspects of structural functionalism. In this paper, Congwayndut is positioned as an organism that has a structure and functions socially and culturally. Congwayndut is one of the many performing arts groups capable of interpreting traditional art in contemporary, meaning that it responds to the millennial generation with the construction of traditional performances, namely shadow puppet art. . Congwayndut has an important role in the development process or as a performance art model that accommodates other art disciplines, including music, wayang, theater, script, visuals, dramaturgy, which are combined as a typical Indonesian performance art prototype. Therefore, the structural-functional point of view emerged, as a step to explain to the public about the cultural phenomena experienced by Congwayndut. Structural functionalism was born as a reaction against the theory of evolution. If evolutionary studies aim to establish the stages of human cultural development, then structural-functionalism studies aim to build a social system, or social structure, through the study of the functioning patterns of relations between individuals, between groups. -groups, or between social institutions in a society, at a certain period of time. Keywords: Congwayndut, Cross-Border Performing Arts, Structural Functionalism Abstrak Tulisan ini, memposisikan diri sebagai kajian yang memotret pertunjukan Keroncong Wayang Gendut (Congwayndut), sebagai seni pertunjukan yang merefelksikan fungsionalisme struktural. Karena di dalam Congwayndut secara eksplisit terkandung aspek fungsionalisme struktural. Congwayndut di dalam tulisan ini diposisikan sebagai organisme yang memiliki struktur, dan memiliki fungsi secara sosial budaya.Congwayndut adalah satu satu dari sekian banyak kelompok seni pertunjukan, yang mampu menafsir seni tradisi secara kekinian, artinya merespon generasi milenial dengan konstruksi pertunjukan tradisi yakni kesenian wayang kulit. Congwayndut memiliki peran penting dalam proses pengembangan atau sebagi model seni pertunjukan yang mengakomodir disiplin seni yang lain, ada musik, wayang, teater, naskah, rupa, dramaturgi, yang dijadikan satu sebagai purwarupa seni pertunjukan yang khas Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu lah sudut pandang struktural fungsional muncul, sebagai langkah untuk menjelaskan kepada publik, tentang gejala fenomena budaya yang dialami oleh Congwayndut. Fungsionalisme struktural lahir sebagai reaksi terhadap teori evolusi. Jika tujuan dari kajian-kajian evolusi adalah untuk membangun tingkat-tingkat perkembangan budaya manusia, maka tujuan dari kajian-kajian fungsionalisme struktural adalah untuk membangun suatu sistem sosial, atau struktur sosial, melalui pengajian terhadap pola hubungan yang berfungsi antara individu-individu, antara kelompok-kelompok, atau antara institusi-institusi sosial di dalam suatu masyarakat, pada suatu kurun masa tertentu. Kata Kunci : Congwayndut, Seni Pertunjukan Lintas Batas, Fungsionalisme Struktural
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Nocoń, Jarosław. "Systemic Analysis of Politics in the Light of Reconstruction of Structural Functionalism of Jeffrey C. Alexander." Polish Political Science Yearbook 50 (2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy202139.
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Applying systems analysis in political science research is still one of the important dimensions of political science methodology. Reconstruction of the functional model of the social system seems to be an attractive proposition for policy researchers. Signed by the name of Jeffrey Charles Alexander, the American version of neofunctionalism is one of the responses to the crisis of traditional forms of structural functionalism. The main purpose of the reconstruction of T. Parsons’s theory was its revitalization consisting in restoring the possibility of its application in contemporary social research. The reinterpretation of the classical approach was to a large extent “forced” by harsh criticism of the current approach and focused especially on attempts to overcome the limitations contained therein, which manifested in the impossibility of correlation of functional theorems with newly developing research currents Jeffrey Alexander restored relevance and emphasizes suitability for interpreting and explaining political processes and phenomena. Understanding the concept of functions and functional relations in the political environment allows for effective application in the analysis of contemporary political systems. Therefore, changing the method of functional analysis is a useful methodological tool in developing a political theory.
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Schryer, Stephen. "Fantasies of the New Class: The New Criticism, Harvard Sociology, and the Idea of the University." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 122, no. 3 (May 2007): 663–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2007.122.3.663.
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This essay examines the professionalization of United States literary studies and sociology between the 1930s and 1950s under the aegis of John Crowe Ransom's New Criticism and Talcott Parsons's structural functionalism. These paradigms pulled the disciplines to opposite poles of the professional class: Ransom argued for a less sociological literary criticism, while Parsons distanced sociology from the literary tendencies of the Chicago school. However, both implemented similar professional ideologies that synthesized their disciplines' technical and moral claims, and both paradigms involved fantasies that specialized, disciplinary work within the academy can have a broader, moral significance. These ideas remained fantasies, which contradicted the actual effects of the New Criticism and structural functionalism; professionalism became reflexively oriented toward disciplinary self-perpetuation, isolating literature and sociology from the public they were supposed to reform. Ransom and Parsons thus exemplify the disintegration of publicly responsible professionalism—an event with broad implications for the “new class” of postwar knowledge workers.
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Appignanesi, Laura. "Theoretical Conversation and Conceptual Transplants Between Economics and Systems Theory: Towards an Interpretative Passe-partout of Functional Systems." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 29, no. 1 (January 2017): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277975216674074.
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General systems theory is based on functional differentiation and operational closure, which make autopoiesis possible. However, in the current complex framework, the model proposed by Luhmann seems to need some supplements in order to explain the evolutionary dynamics of world society. While adopting a systemic approach and using its related theoretical tools, the focus is shifted from the inside of a system to its boundaries. The thesis proposed is the integration between the principle of functional differentiation and that of functional connectivity. To prove such an assumption and overcome the limitations of operational closure, the Luhmannian concept of ‘structural coupling’ is used, but theoretical tools borrowed from economics (trade-off, optimal point) are also employed. This interdisciplinary integration makes it possible to argue the shift of the sociological paradigm from ‘functionalism of differences’ towards ‘functionalism of links’. Constitutive and evolutionary dynamics seem to be connected with the optimum combination of the system’s openness and closure and the ability to establish intersystemic communication channels, where the latter determines resilience to the change factors of the environment. And it is this constant disposition to change that enables the reproduction of the social system. JEL: Z Other special topics: (Social System Theory)
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Vandenberghe, Christian, Kathleen Bentein, and Alexandra Panaccio. "Affective Commitment to Organizations and Supervisors and Turnover: A Role Theory Perspective." Journal of Management 43, no. 7 (November 12, 2014): 2090–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206314559779.
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Drawing from role theory and structural functionalism, we examined the temporal relationship between employees’ affective commitment to the organization (ACO) and affective commitment to the supervisor (ACS) and how these commitments affect turnover. We further examined perceived supervisor-organization value congruence as a moderator. In Study 1, a three-wave panel study (N = 317), we found longitudinal change in ACO to result in a temporal change in ACS, suggesting ACO precedes ACS. Study 2 (N = 272) extended this result by looking at the relationships of these commitments to turnover and perceived supervisor-organization value congruence as a moderator. ACS mediated a negative relationship between ACO and turnover. Moreover, ACO’s relationship with ACS and indirect relationship with turnover were stronger at high levels of supervisor-organization value congruence.
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Kuzina, O., and M. Chernysheva. "Corporate charity and corporate philanthropy in russia: an economic sociology analysis." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 20, 2016): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-3-115-130.
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Several approaches exist that help explain the motivations for corporate charity and philanthropy. Structural functionalism associates these to the idea of solidarity, according to institutional approach they provide legitimacy for businesses, critical theory implies that they play an ideological role in sustaining the leading position of the dominating social class. This paper complements the existing models by treating these phenomena as a patrimonial type of exchange between business and government: the state provides the opportunity for the companies to do business on its territory in exchange for their loyalty.
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Angelita, Chrisantya. "Kesetaraan Hak Warga Kolok sebagai Wujud Integrasi Sosial Warga Desa Bengkala." Humanis 25, no. 2 (May 27, 2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i02.p14.
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Deaf mute villager in Bengkala village is called as kolok villager. In Bengkala Village, kolok villager as disabled community is not getting discriminated by society. This research intend to study about equality rights for kolok villager in Bengkala Village. Theory used in this study is Functionalism Structural Talcott Parsons. The research method are interview and observation. The result shows that kolok villager are accepted by Bengkala Village society. Because basically normal villager and kolok villager are related. The equality rights are art right, education right, economy right, and voting right.
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Cohen, James K. "Structural versus Functional Determinants of New York’s Fiscal Policies towards Metropolitan Transportation, 1904–1990." Social Science History 15, no. 2 (1991): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200021076.
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A central concern of both sociological theory and historical inquiry involves the relationships between structure and function. The two foremost grand theories of the past 100 years, structural functionalism and Marxism, posit opposing answers to the question of whether structure determines function, or vice versa. Contemporary studies in fields as diverse as urban politics and organizational sociology continue to draw inspiration from this conundrum, since the “answer” has such profound implications for understanding the driving forces within society and history.The present article follows in this tradition. An examination of the history of capital finance within transportation is used to elucidate the direction of causality in relationships between structural arrangements, such as the amount and kinds of debt used for capital investment, and functional outcomes, such as growth in new kinds of transportation services.
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Wardani, Wardani. "MEMBEDAH TEORI SOSIOLOGI: Teori Pertukaran (Exchange Theory) George Caspar Homans." Jurnal Studia Insania 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v4i1.1111.
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This article is aimed at analyzing critically George Caspar Homans’s theory of exchange. The critical analysis that may be called here simply as “maping ideology” embodied in theory is needed to place the theory within the specific social and political condition, intellectual background, school of thought having great influence on it, and so forth, and also to assesses its limitedness as a theoretical frame-work of scientific research to explain complicated social phenomenon or human interaction. Influenced by psychological and economic theories, Homans’s theory of exchange has been intended at the beginning by the author as attack against Marxism domination that addressed criticism to capitalism as macro-structure oppressing the proletariat by the ruling class and against Durkheimian structural functionalism. By addressing the attack against Marxism and because of his intellectual and social background, Homans’s theory then has been regarded as an explanation justifying the existing situation. Being attributed as psychological reductionism, as neglecting the important role of structure, and deterministic are some of the objections addressed to his theory.
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Sri Diantary, Putu Ayu Wulan. "Penerapan Model Lesson Study Pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu Di Smp Saraswati 1 Denpasar." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 2, no. 2 (December 4, 2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v2i2.651.
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<p><em>Learning activities are one of the activities that cannot be separated from education, especially learning Hinduism. In addition to teacher parents have an important role in developing the character of their students. It can be said that the purpose of education will be achieved if learning activities can take place well and maximally. The theory used to analyze the problem is the structural theory of functionalism by Artadi, structural functionalism theory by Nasikum, and structural functional theory by Triguna. Data collection methods are observation, interview, literature study, and documentation study. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis method with steps of reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed (1) the implementation of the action in stage II had run better compared to phase I. Some indicators that were lacking in achievement in class I could be improved, (2) weaknesses in the implementation of phase I lesson study the apparent weaknesses were in presenting learning, Model teachers still have very little to do with learning with the experience of everyday students and the use of the environment as a source of learning, stage II the ability of the model teacher to use various ways to generate enthusiasm for student learning (providing motivation). As far as possible students need to be encouraged to be able to organize their own learning and use interpersonal interactions with friends and teachers to develop cognitive / intellectual abilities and social abilities. This indicator gets less attention from the teacher, perhaps because in learning most of the students have shown activeness, (3) Factors that support the application of lesson study on the learning of Hindu Religion in Denpasar Saraswati 1 Middle School, namely 1) students learn actively; 2) innovative students; 3) creative students; 4) students who study effectively; 5) pleasant atmosphere; 6) teachers who teach; 7) the issuance of the Teacher and Lecturer Law; 8) collaborative arrangement of goals, attention to data collection about student learning, and agreements that provide opportunities for productive discussion on difficult issues.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p>
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Ulum, Miftahul. "Fikih Sosial (Pendekatan Teori Hubungan Otoritas dan Konflik Sosial Ralf Dahrendolf dan Kajian Kasus Konflik Otoritas Sunni-Syi’ah di Sampang Madura)." Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam 9, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/syaikhuna.v9i1.3188.
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Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory states that the structural changes can be classified on the basis of their extremities and based on their abrupt or unexpected levels. In this case Ralf Dahrendorf admits that his theory of emphasis on conflict and social change is a one-sided perspective of social reality. This is because although the theory of structural functionalism and conflict theory is perceived by Ralf Dahrendorf as a valid perspective in approaching social reality, it includes only a part of the social reality that should be. Both theories are incomplete when used separately, and therefore should be used together, in order to obtain a complete picture of social reality. As an example of case studies, the intra-religious authoritative conflict occurring in Sampang between the Sunni and Shiite schools is a flow rush that has reduced social harmonization among the Sampang and Madurese communities in general, causing intense social tensions. Sociologically, the existence of ulema among the Madurese is not only regarded as a religious elite, but also as a non-formal leader by the Madurese people who are considered to have social authority to determine life and community life.
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Heiskala, Risto. "Economy and society: from Parsons through Habermas to semiotic institutionalism." Social Science Information 46, no. 2 (June 2007): 243–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018407076648.
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English The great transformation to modernity made the economy the major organizing factor of the social synthesis, thus bringing forth the issue of the economy/society relationship as the central problem of modern social theory. This article deals with two broad approaches to this problem: Parsons's and Habermas's variants of structural-functionalism, on the one hand, and various currents of (neo)institutionalism, on the other. An attempt to synthesize the benefits of these conflicting approaches is made from the point of view of semiotic institutionalism. What emerges is a general theoretical framework, which is better equipped than the original structural-functionalist and institutionalist conceptions for the analysis of the economy/society relationship. French Les grandes transformations vers la modernité ont fait de l'économie le principal facteur organisateur de la synthèse sociale, portant sur le devant de la scène la question de la relation économie/société en tant que question centrale de la théorie sociale moderne. L'article s'intéresse à deux grandes approches de cette question: les variantes structuro-fonctionnalistes de Parsons et Habermas d'une part, et divers courants du (néo)institutionnalisme de l'autre. L'auteur s'efforce de faire la synthèse des points forts de ces deux approches conflictuelles du point de vue de l'institutionnalisme sémiotique. Il en émerge un cadre théorique général plus adapté que les conceptions structurofonctionnalistes et institutionnalistes à l'analyse de la relation économie/société.
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O'Grady, Richard T. "Historical processes, evolutionary explanations, and problems with teleology." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 1010–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-151.
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Organisms are subject first to general, physical causes and then to restricted, biological causes. This internesting contains evolutionary causes that were once contingent but have since been incorporated into the inherited historical causality of descendants. These historical causes should be used as null hypotheses in evolutionary explanations. This is the approach of historical structuralism, which considers function to be an effect of structure and evolution to be structural change that may or may not involve functional change. Conversely, historical functionalism looks to function for evolutionary explanations. This produces an unacceptable appeal to teleological causation. Biological teleology is acceptable only as an explanatory analogy in nonhistorical studies, which do not address organisms' etiology. These treat organisms as machines but do not consider the implied teleology to be real. Neo-Darwinian explanations encounter the unacceptable teleology of historical functionalism when they cite adaptedness as an explanation for how an organism came to exist. This error is difficult to detect because of (i) incomplete theory structure and (ii) three types of "what for" questions in biology, two of which are legitimate, one of which is not. Another approach to evolutionary studies, ahistorical structuralism, avoids problems with teleology, but underestimates historical causality.
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Donaldson, Lex. "Vita Contemplativa." Organization Studies 26, no. 7 (July 2005): 1071–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840605053542.
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I summarize my view of organization theory and then explain how it developed over my life. I stress that it arose gradually from a series of empirical tests, so that my views are based on good reasons, despite being in some ways unconventional. Early influences upon me include the non-conformist climate of my school days and the empirical ethos at the University of Aston. I have long been interested in the creation of social science. This has been informed by the philosophy of science, which emphasizes the centrality of theory and its empirical testing. My early work in the Aston programme laid the basis for commitment to functionalism and generalization. The vociferous rejection of this style of research by ideologically oriented critics led me to defend it, both theoretically and philosophically. My later work on strategy and structure led me to reject strategic choice and embrace situational determinism. I analysed these and other research topics as being within structural contingency theory. I also used this theory frequently in my business school teaching. In the USA, newer theories arose, which, collectively, fragmented organizational theory. I critiqued these theories, and this fragmentation. Moreover, I became convinced that contingency theory in its classic variant is more correct than newer variants, and offered detailed argumentation. My empirical research also found that crises of low performance triggered adaptive structural change. From that, I created organizational portfolio theory, which draws upon finance to explain performance fluctuations and the resultant organizational change and lack of change. More recently, I offered an integrated statement of structural contingency theory and ideas for its future development theoretically and methodologically.
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Boddie, Stephanie C., Eric Kyere, and A. Christson Adedoyin. "A Meta-Theoretical Framework for Understanding Educational Disparities Affecting Black Youth in the United States: Implications for Social Work." Urban Social Work 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 187–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2474-8684.3.2.187.
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BackgroundBlack youth are disproportionately disadvantaged in nearly every indicator of academic performance.ObjectiveThis analysis seeks to understand the role of racism in the genesis of educational disparities affecting Black youth.MethodsDrawing from structural functionalism, modern capitalism, and critical race theory, we provide a meta-theoretical framework to explore the underpinnings of racial disparities that disadvantage Black youth in U.S. public schools.FindingsThis meta-theoretical framework suggests a critical need to examine the history of racism as well as the social, political, and economic structure of the U.S. to understand the educational disparities affecting Black youth.ConclusionSocial work professionals can use this meta-theoretical framework to inform research, policy, and practice addressing educational disparities and ultimately create more equitable, fair, and just school environments.
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Manza, Jeff, Michael Sauder, and Nathan Wright. "Producing Textbook Sociology." European Journal of Sociology 51, no. 2 (August 2010): 271–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975610000135.
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AbstractThe conservative role of the textbook in reproducing the dominant ideas of a disciplinary field is well known. The factors driving that content have remained almost entirely unexamined. Reviewing the universe of textbooks aimed at the American market between 1998 and 2004, we explore the persistence of the identification in American sociology textbooks of a paradigm in which structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism are used to frame the theoretical core of the discipline. We examine how over time the textbook market produces both supply and demand pressures to reproduce content that is at odds with the mainstream of the profession. We draw upon in-depth interviews with recent textbook authors and their editors.
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Ibrahim, Mohammad Syawaludin. "Islam dan Sejarah Sosial Modern: Siasat Usaha Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL) dengan Pemanfaatan Hubungan Komunitas PKL Muslim Pasar Suak Bato 26 Ilir di Palembang." TAMADDUN: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Sastra Islam 18, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/tamaddun.v18i2.2792.
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The main subject of this research that is; Streer traders form a community and use it as a business tactics that make an important contribution to the value of their welfare. Including this section of research is to explain in depth the pattern of Muslim street traders community relationships and forms of community use as a business tactic. With the theory of parson structural functionalism in assisting with the social network theory of Luhkmanns and the value exchange theory of Homas, the framing of the relationship between the Muslim street traders community relationship with the value of benefit and welfare value is used to explain the activities of the social system and the daily activities of the street vendors. The phenomenology of this research explores in depth the process, meaning, and understanding of experience and appreciation that occurs in social relationships in the relationship of Muslim street vendors.
Keywords: Street Traders, Community, Business Strategy, Value of material welfare And In materials, Cybernetics.
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Желтов, Виктор, Viktor Zheltov, Максим Желтов, and Maxim Zheltov. "C. W. MILLS ON KNOWLEDGE SOCIOLOGY (FROM THE HERITAGE OF THE AMERICAN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENTIST)." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2017, no. 1 (March 25, 2017): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2017-1-20-27.
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<p>The article reveals the position of the prominent American sociologist in matters of knowledge sociology. It gives the description C. W. Mills’s views on the origin of the pragmatism theory popular in the United States. The article highlights C. W. Mills’s original position in the matter of the attitude to the concepts of structural functionalism and empiricism, which were popular in his lifetime. The work reveals C. W. Mills’s views on the place and role of sociology in the United States, as well as on the social scientists’ role as intellectual craftsmen. C. W. Mills believes that sociology must proceed from the problems formulation in the valuation context of the whole mankind, so a social scientist cannot write only for intellectuals.</p>
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Wan, Poe Yu-ze. "(Re-)Problematizing the Luhmannian constructivist systems approach: A Bungean intervention." Current Sociology 59, no. 6 (October 20, 2011): 696–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392111419756.
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In the field of sociological theory, after the decline of Parsons’ version of structural functionalism, Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory came to be seen as the major representative of systems thinking. While Luhmann’s autopoietic systems ontology is sophisticated and deserves serious consideration, the author argues that the prevailing identification of Luhmann’s constructivist-oriented approach with the systems approach itself is problematic mainly for two reasons. First, as the works of the Argentinian-Canadian systems theorist Mario Bunge demonstrate, the systems approach can be fruitfully based on (some version of) scientific realism. Second, the adherents to Luhmann’s constructivist epistemology in sociology seldom engage in a detailed examination of the various critiques of anti-realism offered by scientific and critical realists. Drawing on the literature on philosophy of science, especially the writings of Bunge and a few leading critical realists, the author suggests that a serious Luhmannian sociologist is obligated to provide more cogent and detailed discussions on philosophy of (social) science before taking an opinionated position on epistemology.
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Khaliman, Oxana. "The development of Alexander Bondarko’s ideas in the aspect of grammar of estimation theory." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3587.
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The study of the functional particularity of grammatical units allowed to pay attention to their pragmatic importance in the discursive practice and communication. Based on the principles of linguistic functionalism, which is a basis of active type grammar, it is necessary to continue the study of grammatical units as one of the means of expressing evaluation in relation to their structural peculiarities with the communicative process. A. Bondarko is one of the founders of functional grammar. In his works he has created a systemic-functional description on the Russian grammatical system. Principles of the development of a dynamic aspect of the grammatical units functioning in the interaction with elements of different language levels are one of the postulates which underlie in the description of the expression of evaluative meaning by grammatical units, the principles of grammar of estimation. The article enlightens the principles of the theory of functional grammar, grammar of active type, that concern the problem of creation of grammar of estimation as a complex description of grammatical means for expressing estimation meanings; A. Bondarko’s ideas of functional grammar that are significant for the theory of grammar of estimation are described in the article.
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Ibrahim, Mohammad Syawaludin. "ISLAM DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT : SIASAT USAHA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DENGAN PEMANFAATAN HUBUNGAN KOMUNITAS MUSLIM." DINAMIKA : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Keislaman 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 15–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32764/dinamika.v3i2.175.
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The main subject of this research that is; Streer traders form a community and use it as a business tactics that make an important contribution to the value of their welfare. Including this section of research is to explain in depth the pattern of Muslim street traders community relationships and forms of community use as a business tactic. With the theory of parson structural functionalism in assisting with the social network theory of Luhkmanns and the value exchange theory of Homas, the framing of the relationship between the Muslim street traders community relationship with the value of benefit and welfare value is used to explain the activities of the social system and the daily activities of the street vendors. The results showed that the community of Muslim street vendors in the market Suak Bato Palembang as a form to respond challenging responses of uncertain market life both in terms of price stability and supply of merchandise. Relevance with the teachings of Islam shows a variety of practices and also related to the awareness of street vendors and the environment around him. Islamic narration practiced by Muslim street vendors among others; sincere behavior, keeping merchandise halal, barakah behavior, honest and fair and open behavior in scales.
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Soleman, Noviyanti. "Gender Inequality in Workplace (Study Case: Indonesia)." AL-WARDAH 13, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.46339/al-wardah.v13i2.211.
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In Indonesia, gender issue has been develop since long time ago and set under the law of Indonesia. The President Instruction No 9 of 2000 about gender mainstreaming to decrease the gap between men and women in accessing the development, improve the participation and understanding towards development. However, the effort of gender equality in Indonesia has to face many obstacles. According to World Economic Forum, among 149 countries Indonesia placed in the rank of 85 regarding to the gender gap issue of 2018 such as in economic participation and opportunity which means not in the good condition. The paper aims to explore the phenomena of gender inequality in workplace in Indonesia. To answer the research question, the author use qualitative research method with secondary data and analyze through thematic analysis approach. The author also use the theory of structural functionalism by Parsons and Bales (1955) to analyze the data. The result shows that the gender inequality impacted to division of labor such
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Ensor, Bradley E. "Social Formations, Modo de Vida, and Conflict in Archaeology." American Antiquity 65, no. 1 (January 2000): 15–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694806.
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AbstractThe focus of archaeological investigation is shifting from generalizations about societies for comparative theory-building to the internal dynamics of societies. The generalizations made in processual archaeology have been attacked for ignoring conflict and the modo de vida: the concrete rhythms of daily life. As a result, the increased attention to internal dynamics is beginning to paint complex pictures of social relationships. A structural marxist approach that was associated with functionalism is reappraised and argued to be suitable for understanding the complexities of individual's daily lives and power relations. Rather than viewing social formations as systems comprised of multiple modes of production that influence one another, individuals are argued to have crossed between modes. The sets of social relations comprise the totality of people's daily experiences. Furthermore, within each mode of production are different recognizable variations that produce dynamic sets of relations. An application to the U.S. Southwest illustrates this social formations approach to modo de vida and conflict.
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Mas'udi, Mas'udi. "Multikulturalisme Beragama Masyarakat Gunung Wungkal Pati Jawa Tengah." FIKRAH 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/fikrah.v7i2.6488.
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<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">This article aims to analyze the dynamically religious multiculturalisme as it runs among the People of Gunungwungkal Region, District of Pati, Jawa Tengah Province. This research stands on thesis of the dynamic of people tolerances between their religious activities as it comes forward at the tradition of Selametan. Selametan is kind of acvities by praying with God on all of His mercies and blessings. This research designed by anthropological analysis as collect the data by interview, documentation, and participation. The data processing by ethnography with structural-functionalism theory. In the multiculturalism of Gunungwungkal peoples covered with their tolerance on social-culture and social-religious activities. The peoples of Gunungwungkal Region united their solidarities on cultural traditions, a like Selametan, Pesta Panen, Sedekah Bumi, Megengan, and Malam Satu Suro. All peoples active to get send and pray of God to give all his mercies and blessing with their ancestors.</span></p>
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Hagopian, Frances. "Political Development, Revisited." Comparative Political Studies 33, no. 6-7 (September 2000): 880–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001041400003300608.
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This article reviews four decades of scholarship on political development. It contends that the theoretical ambitions of the early political development literature to frame the comparative inquiry of politics and political change in less developed countries were undermined by intellectual challenges to the paradigms of modernization and structural functionalism and that the literature’s teleological dimension was contradicted by real-world events. Nonetheless, in subsequent decades, the field made great advances in the study of political institutions, democratic stability and breakdown, state structures, civil society, and the uneven character of political development itself. The article argues that amid manifold evidence of plural forms of political development and decay at the century’s end, the field should avoid relapses into neomodernization theory and instead focus on such issues as state reform, democratic governance, political representation and accountability, and the organization of civil societies. Such an expansive and fluid research agenda will enable the field of political development to generate important theoretical advances in comparative politics.
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James, Albert E., Jennifer E. Jennings, and Rhonda S. Breitkreuz. "Worlds Apart?" Family Business Review 25, no. 1 (August 1, 2011): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486511414271.
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This article demonstrates how the combined approaches of informed pluralism and disciplined integration can help rebridge the distance between the seemingly disparate academic worlds of family science and family business. The authors establish the need for such a resynthesis by documenting trends within family enterprise research from 1985 to 2010. The analysis vividly illustrates not only the increased dominance of publication outlets and theoretical perspectives associated with business but also the near disappearance of those associated with family. In light of these trends, the authors suggest that renewed attention to integrating ideas from the two disciplines is likely to enrich both. To illustrate this claim, this study combines concepts from long-standing theories within the family science literature (structural functionalism and symbolic interactionism) with those from predominant perspectives within the family business literature (agency theory and the resource-based view). The outcome is a series of provocative yet relevant potential new directions for each field.
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Azhari, Riski, Abidin Nurdin, and Wais Alqarni. "PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI BAITUL MAL DI ACEH." Al-Madaris Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Keislaman 2, no. 1 (June 4, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47887/amd.v2i1.22.
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This study discusses the role of government in community economic empowerment through Baitul Mal in Aceh. This study aims to contribute to the government on social issues such as poverty and underdevelopment. The method used in this study is qualitative research with data collection techniques, namely the study of literature. While the theory used is structural functionalism theory. Research findings from the discussion and analysis above that the Government of Aceh through Baitul Mal has played a role in empowering the economic community in Aceh in the form of productive Zakat, Infaq and Shadaqah. The government through Baitul Mal has carried out programs (a) providing business capital to the people who have their businesses to develop their businesses, both in the agriculture, animal husbandry, industrial, and trade sectors, (b) providing assistance in working tools, in the form of motorized pedicabs, and the tools needed in the agriculture, animal husbandry, trading, and industrial sectors that support their businesses, and (c) human resource development through skills training and skills to the community. This community economic empowerment program clearly contributes to social problems such as poverty, under development and access to education.
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Ogunsusi, Kayode, and Olusola Bola Adeleke. "The Menace of Insecurity by Herdsmen Attack and its Implication on Tourism in Southwest Nigeria." April 2021, Volume 10(2) (April 30, 2021): 530–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.116.
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The objective of this research is to assess the effects of herdsmen menace on tourism. Secondary data about insecurity caused by herdsmen attack were collected from news media using Google search and were subjected to descriptive statistics. The classical theory of structural functionalism and Marxian theory of historical materialism were used to explain and predict the implications of herdsmen attack on tourism. Findings of the study identified farmland destruction, attack on villages, murder of victims, kidnap and clash with farmers, injuries, rape, stealing of farm produce, robbery, and terrorism as menaces perpetrated by the herdsmen. The dysfunctional part of Nigerian societal structure which the theories used in this study identified that the contradiction between Nigerian economy and social control which was unstable leads to insurgency, and could affect the participation of Nigerian citizens and foreigners in tourism. Safety and security concerns for international and local travelers occasioned by terrorist attacks on highways in southwest Nigeria could make tourism destinations and businesses suffer from low patronage. Due to issues of insecurities along highways in southwest Nigeria, the future of family tourism, agri-tourism and rural tourism could be affected in capturing heterogeneity and mobility of the family market.
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Citramanik, Luh Gede Ratna, and Ni Ketut Puji Astiti Laksmi. "Peran Tokoh Agama dalam Birokrasi Pemerintahan Raja Marakata." Humanis 23, no. 3 (September 27, 2019): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2019.v23.i03.p09.
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In the period of ancient Bali, religious leaders who were generally known to play a role in religious aspects had also an essential role in the government bureaucracy of a king. This was seen in the reign of King Marakata that the inscriptions he issued in 944 ?aka to 962 ?aka. The inscriptions claimed that the existence of royal government positions held by complete religious leaders indicated by their titles and symbols. There were two purposes of this study. The first was to explain the position and role of religious leaders in the bureaucracy of the government of King Marakata. Second, explained about the mutation of positions of religious leaders. The method used in data collection is in the form of observation, interviews, and using library research. The analysis used is a qualitative analysis, comparative analysis, and contextual analysis. The theories used are structural functionalism theory and power relations theory. Based on theanalysis of the contents of King Marakata’s inscriptions, the results obtained that the position and the role of religious leaders are interrelated. Religious leadersdomiciled in the holy place and government bureaucracy. Religious leadersact as clergy and officials both as structural officials and functional officials. The mutation of positions of the religious leaders occurred on his act as an official or clergy. Factors that affect mutations of positions are death, resignation, a dismissal, the appointment, a decline or a promotion, and ability.
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Ribut, Gusti Ayu Santi Patni, Ida Bagus Gde Yudha Triguna, and I. Wayan Suija. "Didactic strategy of wetu telu cultural heritage on sasak tribe." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 5, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v5n3.625.
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Wetu Telu culture is an indigenous culture of the Sasak tribe which is acculturation of Javanese, Balinese, and Islamic cultures. In religious practice, they are immersed in customs. According to Islam, WetuTelu culture is considered as an incomplete Islamic religion. But until now, the Wetu Telu culture still exists with its customs. This is an interesting phenomenon to be studied as a material for the dissertation "The Didactic Strategy of Wetu Telu Cultural Heritage on Sasak Tribe in Lembuak and Nyurlembang Village, Narmada Sub-district". This research used 3 theories; (1) cultural adaptation theory, to solve the first problem, (2) behaviorism theory, to solve the second problem, and (3) structural functionalism theory to solve the third problem. The data were in the form of qualitative data. They were collected by using: observation, interview, document study, and literature study. The findings of this study are The forms of the Wetu Telu culture which are still maintained today consist of ceremonies namely; Ritual life (gawe urip), Death Ritual (gawe pati), Art. Second, the strategy used to maintain the Wetu Telu culture is the Didactic Strategy of Cultural Heritage through Formal Education (social inquiry and expository), Informal (exemplary, habituation and advice) and Non-formal (Life skills education, youth education and women's empowerment education) Third, the implications towards the community: strengthening religious knowledge, increasing relations of social solidarity, creating inter-religious harmony.
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Mancapara, I. Gede Pasek Mancapara. "Peranan Asana dalam Anatomi Sistematik." JURNAL YOGA DAN KESEHATAN 1, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jyk.v1i1.1544.
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Psychic and physical health become a desire for everyone, it is not only in health side, desire to have proportional body gesture, strong, and charismatic are the most things that human want to have. The scientists are competing to discover the solution including the eastern scientists with their oriental characteristic. The realization of such proportional body gesture is one of the goals from systematic anatomy as a part of the body that organized by the systems and functions. Based on the structural functionalism theory by Robert Merton, in the third part of the theory (indispensability) describe that all of the aspect of human body beside the positive side however it needs for the realization of the unity inside human body with the maximal function so it brings up psychic health or physical, including proportional body gesture and to realize something that can be studied in asana philosophy. Yoga philosophy has instructions to realize physic and physical health for locomotor system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system, and five senses that are part of systematic anatomy. Āsana as the one of Yoga principal forms has a role in systematic anatomy, especially locomotor anatomy as the parts concerned with gestures.<br /><br />
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Qodim, Husnul. "Kampung Kuta Religion: Social, Economic and Religious Structures of Indigenous Community in West Java." Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 144–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jw.v4i2.7746.
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Kampung Kuta is one of the Sundanese traditional villages in West Java. They believe in the myth of the sacred forest and the origin of their ancestors which is preserved by the phrase of amanah and taboos. This article aims to analyze the indigenous religion of Kampung Kuta community. The study focuses on analyzing the relationship between social, economic and religious structures as its constituent elements. Using an ethnographic studies based on structural functionalism theory, this study shows that the religious construction of Kampung Kuta has a mutually influential relationship with both economic and social structures. The economic structure depends on the livelihoods of farming and gardening which are determined by the changing seasons and natural phenomenon. This then created religious structures that were magical and ritualistic. The people believe that the forest and their places are surrounded by cosmic forces of the Sacred. Various myths and beliefs in the common origins of ancestors influence the structure of social life to preserve the nature together. It can be reflected in the kinship system, social solidarity between relatives, social harmony and lifestyle of simplicity.
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Sapardi, Sapardi. "Pendidikan dalam Keluarga Berbasis Etika Buddha." INFERENSI: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 14, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/infsl3.v14i1.141-158.
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This study aims to find out familial education on the basis of Buddhist ethics and the relationship of Buddhist teachings in building a happy, prosperous family life. The foregoing rests upon the identification of texts from the Tipitaka / Tripitaka Scriptures related to Education in the Family and moral ethics (Sila), and the texts are subsequently analyzed and dissected using the theory of structural functionalism and hermeneutics. Based on the analysis of the aforesaid text data, it can be seen the role of moral ethics that must be put forward and become a guide in shaping a happy and prosperous family life. Education in the Family is a pattern or method that must be done by a Buddhist household. Based on ethics in managing hittasukkhaya life, it becomes the basis and guide in creating happy and prosperous home life (hitta sukkhaya). Moral ethics (Sila) is the basis and foundation and guide for householders in creating a happy and prosperous life in the face of various changes that occur in the current modern era.
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Alauddin, Murni Ratna sari, Nursamsir Nursamsir, and Indar Ismail Jamaluddin. "DILEMA PEMANFAATAN RUMAH SUSUN SEDERHANA SEWA UJUNA PASCAGEMPA DI KOTA PALU SULAWESI TENGAH." Journal Publicuho 4, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.35817/jpu.v4i1.16396.
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After the earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction on 28 September 2018, the condition of the five-story building was damaged, but it is still inhabited by dozens of families. This paper seeks to explore the attitude of the Palu City Government-Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), residents, and parties outside the government and outside the residents regarding the use of these flats after the earthquake. The research was conducted qualitatively. Primary data were collected from direct observation and interviews and sources of mass media coverage also complement the secondary data needs. Borrowing Robert K Merton's structural functionalism theory, this research finds a condition if after a disaster, residents strengthen their institutions by building consensus or mutual agreement. Meanwhile, the City Government of Palu, although stated that they prohibited them from returning to the apartment, they have not been able to provide a more feasible housing solution after the earthquake. Ironically, members of the DPRD, as partners of the mayor in the government in Palu City, do not yet know about this condition.
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Burawoy, Michael. "Living Sociology: On Being in the World One Studies." Annual Review of Sociology 47, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-072320-101856.
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Living sociology refers to the life of sociology, seen as a field of competing scientific research programs. The dynamism of each program requires, on the one hand, engaging internal contradictions and external anomalies and, on the other hand, extended dialogue among the programs themselves. Living sociology also refers to the life of sociologists as they participate in the society they study. My understanding of these two dimensions of reflexive science—the scientific and the hermeneutic—developed through the interaction of teaching and research. I trace the way I learned the extended case method in Zambia and reformulated it through collaborations with students at Berkeley, arriving at the idea of the scientific research program. I show how I tried to contribute to the Marxist research program by wrestling with anomalies that sprung from my experiences working in factories in the United States, Hungary, and Russia. Finally, I describe how teaching social theory led me to Marxist conversations with structural functionalism and with the work of Pierre Bourdieu as well as prefiguring an extended conversation between W.E.B. Du Bois and the sociological canon.
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Hasudungan Irianto Sitinjak, Ronald, Laksmi Kusuma Wardani, and Poppy Firtatwentyna Nilasari. "Traditional Balinese Architecture: From Cosmic to Modern." SHS Web of Conferences 76 (2020): 01047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207601047.
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Balinese architecture often considers aspects of climate and natural conditions as well as environmental social life. This is to obtain a balance in the cosmos, between human life (bhuana alit / microcosm) and its natural environment (bhuana agung /macrocosm). However, Bali's progress in tourism has changed the way of life of the people, which is in line with Parsons Theory of Structural Functionalism, that if there is a change in the function of one part of an institution or structure in a social system, it will affect other parts, eventually affecting the condition of the social system as a whole. The shift in perspectives has caused structural and functional changes in Balinese architecture. The building design or architecture that emerges today is no longer oriented towards cosmic factors but is oriented towards modern factors, developing in the interests of tourism, commercialization, and lifestyle. The change has had an impact on spatial planning, building orientation, architectural appearance, interior furnishings and local regulations in architecture. In order to prevent Balinese architecture from losing its authenticity in its original form, which is full of spiritual meaning and local Balinese traditions, it is necessary to have a guideline on the specifications of Balinese architectural design that combines elements of aesthetics, comfort, technology, and spirituality. Through this guideline, Balinese architecture can exist in modern times without losing its traditional values.
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Jayendra, Putu Sabda, I. Wayan Eka Sudarmawan, and Firlie Lanovia Amir. "PERANAN KELOMPOK KAYOMAN PEDAWA DALAM MEREVITALISASI POTENSI WISATA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI DESA PEDAWA, KECAMATAN BANJAR, KABUPATEN BULELENG." Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality Management 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jihm.v10i1.158.
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Kayoman Pedawa Group, directly initiated by the community of Pedawa Village aims to reconstruct and revitalize the existence of tourism potential in the form of natural, social, customs and local wisdom. The establishment of this group originated from the concerns of the community and the young figures Pedawa village will be the phenomenon of the growing nature and local wisdom with the rapid modernization. Therefore, the interest is examined from the phenomenon is and the role of the group Kayoman Pedawa in revitalizing the potential tourism-based local wisdom of Pedawa village. The theory used as a problem surgeon is the social action theory and structural functionalism theory. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The results of the research is a revitalizing cultural potential based on local wisdom by Kayoman Pedawa Group of some of them are; 1) rehabilitation of forests and agricultural cultures, 2) revitalization of ancient relics into tourism destinations of village history, 3) The reconstruction of local wisdom-based attractions, such as traditional houses, gangsing games, traditional gamelan reconstruction of Pedawa , revitalizing the manufacture and product of palm sugar Pedawa, 4) provide a mentoring of foreign students who study ethnography, and 5) socialization and publication of local wisdom of Pedawa village to the outside community, such as the interactive dialogue of Thunder Singaraja Radio broadcast, Through the making of documentary films in collaboration with Minikino Bali.
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Trakšelys, Kęstutis. "Education Sociological Paradigms Importance of Education Sciences." Pedagogika 129, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2018.01.
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The paper analyzes the sociological theory. Western type public modernity theories are assumed as a process, for which a developing society is approaching the developed societies reaching a certain level of economic growth, a certain level of public participation and the democratic stage of development, giving the individual more physical, social and economic mobility. Structural functionalism (Parson, 1997; Merton, 1997 et al.). With the approach to this theory, it can be said that inequality in education stems from the ascription to social class, strata, ethnic groups, etc., also due to individual’s achievements, which are usually associated with the innate talents and efforts. The analysis of an individual’s social functioning and social stratification is based on the approach to Capital theory (Bourdieu, 1986). Thus, the participation of education players in education system, also the accessibility of education to an individual depends on the volume and structure of the available capital. Participation in individual’s reproduction process and education system, based on the approach to this theory, is defined by individual’s habits (habitus), and harmony with individual’s social status. The theory of social conflict (Dahrendorf, 1996; Coser, 1969) argues that conflicts can be identified among all social systems and the educational institute. In terms of social conflict society is the actual and potential arena of conflicts. Network activity theory (Burt, 1982; Granovetter, 1973; Castells, 2005) aims to analyze and describe reciprocal link models in the social system. The followers of this theory keep to the opinion that social structures need to be investigated first, as the players’ behavior is constrained by social structures. Very often it is the case at education institution that students from the disadvantaged families, with negative evaluations or various disorders, are often isolated from the classroom and school community.
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Sukarsa, I. Nyoman. "Asana Yoga Meditation As A Spiritual Development Ananda Marga Ashram Denpasar (Perspectives Theology Hindu)." Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies 2, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v2i2.632.
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<p>Research conducted at Ashram Yoga Ananda Marga guided by a desire to know more about the benefits of yoga asanas for an individual to develop himself physically, mentally and spiritually, yogis who have developed this yoga since thousands of years ago, until now characterized separately by emphasizing according to the type that occupied, in its implementation for the benefit of the health and maximize efforts to accelerate achieved the ultimate goal in life. The objectives to be achieved is to understand more clearly focused and in-depth about asana techniques as meditation Spiritual development is developed and implemented by a group Ananda Marga Ashram spiritual in Denpasar. The study used several theories, namely the theory of structural functionalism, system theory of learning, theory of Hindu theology. In this study the methods used in qualitative approach of primary data obtained through field research and secondary data which can be obtained from some of the literature that has relevance to the problems examined. Furthermore, all the collected data are analyzed in the description. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded about the practice of yoga asanas, in its approach, asana yoga training system applied is the patterns not only classical but more modernity according to the times. Ananda Marga implement training technique known as practical Rajadhiraja which is an extension of the ancient Rajayoga system, also known as Astanga yoga. It is practiced in a relatively slow speed and each pose is repeated in a systematic way. The goal in the repetition is to balance the secretion of hormones that are essential for peace of mind.</p>
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A Zahid, A. Zahid, Luluk Laila Sifa, Anis Fitriana, Nikmatul Ulviani, Khalimatu Sya’diyah, and Ahmad Fajar Jabaludin. "STRATEGI SOSIALISASI PEMBERDAYAAN PAUD PKK AR-RAHMAN (Analisis Fungsionalisme Struktural di Desa Kandangan, Kecamatan Srengat, Kabupaten Blitar)." KAIBON ABHINAYA : JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/ka.v2i2.2070.
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The importance of early childhood education has led the government to take action by issuing a policy to form the PADU Directorate (now called PAUD) in 2001. Under the auspices of the Directorate General of Education Outside School, the PADU Directorate is responsible for the development of PAUD in non-formal and formal education channels. However, the compilation reaches the community, socialization will require PAUD is still very minimal in the community who choose to send them directly to kindergarten or even at the elementary level. This is what happened in the Kandangan Community, in the discussion of PAUD for early childhood before entering a higher level. It is this dysfunction of PAUD Ar-Rahman that makes it interesting to study deeper, Why is there an inability to function in this PAUD.The method used is based on empowerment for PAUD management or management, the CBR (Community Based Research) method, using the analysis of Talcott Parsons' Structuralism Functionalism Theory. The theory used is a theory that focuses on structural work in understanding what strategies can be used in the development of PKK Ar-Rahman PAUD in Kandangan Village, Sregat District, Blitar Regency.From the results of this research, it can be concluded that after the door-to-door socialization activities. PAUD in Kandangan Village, PKK Ar-Rahman PAUD. Besides that, the community also understands that formal early childhood education is very important as an effort to support children's education for the future. The door-to-door socialization strategy is one of the socialization strategies undertaken as an effort to develop Ar-Rahman's PAUD because it will thus be in accordance with existing targets.
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Bello, Zainab, and Garba Ibrahim Tanko. "Review of Work-Life Balance Theories." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol. 8(4) OCT-DEC 2020 8, no. 4 (December 19, 2020): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2020.8.4(3).
Full textAbstract:
Objective - This paper’s objective is to make a comprehensive compilation of the various theories used in studies of work-life balance (WLB) in order to understand their usage. Methodology/Technique – Based on past literature, this paper focused on review of relevant literature from various online data bases as well as manual texts of studies on WLB with particular attention on the theories used. Using descriptive layout, the paper gives adequate review of WLB theories. Finding – This paper found that there are numerous prevailing theories on WLB explaining the relationships in various WLB studies. Such as Overall Appraisal, Structural Functionalism, Enhancement, Facilitation, Segmentation Spill-over, Compensation, Conservation, Conflict, Human Capital, Congruence, Ladder, Instrumental, Resource drain, Ecology, Border, Boundary and Integration Theories. Based on literature, this paper found that Boundary theory and Border theory are the two major foundation theories used in many studies to explain the different aspects of WLB. Novelty - This paper found that there are no universally accepted theories for WLB. Theories used on WLB studies depend on the range of the study’s framework, variables or perspectives of the study. This leads to omissions or overlapping in frameworks. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: B54, D63, E24, J24. Keywords: Work-life Balance; WLB Concepts; Work-Life Balance Theories; Family-Work Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Bello, Z; Tanko, G.I. (2020). Review of Work-Life Balance Theories, GATR Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 8(4): 217 – 227. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2020.8.4(3)
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Muia, Musyoki A., Prof Reuben Matheka, and Dr Mary Chepchieng. "The Impact of the African Inland Mission (AIM) On Social Change between 1895 and 1971 in Machakos District, Kenya." Editon Consortium Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Studies 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjahss.v2i1.117.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed at analysing the African Inland Mission and social transformation in Machakos District of Eastern Kenya from 1895 to 1971. It sought to establish how the elements of the Akamba social life underwent a social change as a result of the mission's presence in the district. The study was guided by the question: How effective was the mission in influencing social change in the district? The structural- functionalism theory formulated by Herbert Spencer and developed further by Emile Durkheim was used to analyse the role of the African Inland Mission in influencing social change in Machakos District. The qualitative research design involving the use of in-depth interviews with key informants was used. A target population consisting of local residents, former administrators and African Inland Mission/church leaders was interviewed. The study used the purposive method of sampling. Primary data was collected using in-depth oral interviews as well as from archival records, while secondary data was obtained through a thematic review of literature related to the topic of study. This study has provided sufficient knowledge on the African Inland Mission and the social transformation in Machakos District in the colonial and the early post-colonial periods of Kenyan history. In addition, the findings have constituted part of the historiography of the African Inland Mission in Kenya.