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Journal articles on the topic 'Structural grammar'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Kowalewski, Hubert. "Structural empiricist Cognitive Grammar." Language, Mind, Culture and Society 3 (2019): 12–39. https://doi.org/10.32058/lamicus-2019-001.

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The article sketches a structural empiricism approach to Ronald Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar (CG). In philosophy of science, structural empiricism is a view on the goals of science and adopting this approach helps to solve important problems in methodology of CG and linguistics by and large. The article analyses three such problems. The first one is the evidence required for certain theoretical postulates of CG. From the structural empiricist perspective, purely theoretical concepts postulated by CG do not require evidence apart from the overall empirical adequacy of the theory. The second pr

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Jan, Nurhidaya Mohamad, Fong Wan Heng, Nor Haniza Sarmin, and Sherzod Turaev. "State machine of place-labelled petri net controlled grammars." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (2017): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v13n4.736.

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A place-labelled Petri net controlled grammar is, in general, a context-free grammar equipped with a Petri net and a function which maps places of the net to productions of the grammar. The languages of place-labelled Petri net controlled grammar consist of all terminal strings that can be obtained by parallel application of the rules of multisets which are the images of the sets of input places in a successful occurrence sequence of the Petri net. In this paper, we investigate the structural subclass of place-labelled Petri net controlled grammar which focus on the state machine. We also esta

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Abduraximova, Feruza Boxadirovna, and Mokhinur Mo'minova. "The Importance of Grammar in Foreign Language Teaching." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 5, no. 3 (2025): 595–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15080692.

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Grammar plays a crucial role in foreign language teaching by providing structural rules that facilitate effective communication. It enhances comprehension, accuracy, and fluency, enabling learners to construct meaningful sentences. Teaching grammar improves linguistic competence and fosters confidence in language use. This article explores grammar's role in foreign language acquisition, instructional approaches, challenges, and recent trends in teaching methodologies. Through text citations and scholarly references, it presents evidence-based perspectives on grammar’s impact on language

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TAKADA, YUJI. "LEARNING EQUAL MATRIX GRAMMARS BASED ON CONTROL SETS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 08, no. 02 (1994): 609–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001494000322.

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An equal matrix grammar is a parallel rewriting system. In this paper, we consider the problem of learning equal matrix grammars from examples. We introduce a learning method based on control sets and show two subclasses learnable in polynomial time with learning methods for regular sets. We also show that for any equal matrix language there exists an equal matrix grammar learnable efficiently from positive structural examples only.

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Farber, Walter, Giorgio Buccellati, and John Huehnergard. "A Structural Grammar of Babylonian." Journal of the American Oriental Society 121, no. 2 (2001): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/606595.

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Anderson, John M. "Structural analogy and universal grammar." Lingua 116, no. 5 (2006): 601–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2004.08.013.

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Anderson, John. "Structural analogy and case grammar." Lingua 70, no. 2-3 (1986): 79–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(86)90035-5.

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Zimmermann, Luca, Tian Chen, and Kristina Shea. "A 3D, performance-driven generative design framework: automating the link from a 3D spatial grammar interpreter to structural finite element analysis and stochastic optimization." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 32, no. 2 (2018): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060417000324.

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AbstractSince the introduction of spatial grammars 45 years ago, numerous grammars have been developed in a variety of fields from architecture to engineering design. Their benefits for solution space exploration when computationally implemented and combined with optimization have been demonstrated. However, there has been limited adoption of spatial grammars in engineering applications for various reasons. One main reason is the missing, automated, generalized link between the designs generated by the spatial grammar and their evaluation through finite-element analysis (FEA). However, the com

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Krivochen, Diego Gabriel. "Mixed computation." Formal Language Theory and its Relevance for Linguistic Analysis 3, no. 2 (2021): 215–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/elt.00034.kri.

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Abstract Proof-theoretic models of grammar are based on the view that an explicit characterization of a language comes in the form of the recursive enumeration of strings in that language. That recursive enumeration is carried out by a procedure which strongly generates a set of structural descriptions Σ and weakly generates a set of strings S; a grammar is thus a function that pairs an element of Σ with elements of S. Structural descriptions are obtained by means of Context-Free phrase structure rules or via recursive combinatorics and structure is assumed to be uniform: binary branching tree

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McLelland, Nicola. "Albertus (1573) and Ölinger (1574)." Historiographia Linguistica 28, no. 1-2 (2001): 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.28.1.04mcl.

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Summary This article adapts Linn’s ‘stylistics of standardization’ concept, which Linn (1998) has used to compare Norwegian and Faroese grammarians, to look at grammaticization processes in the first two grammars of German (Albertus 1573, Ölinger 1574). While both are clearly indebted to traditional Latin grammar and humanist ideals, these two grammars differ interestingly in the picture of the language that emerges from their metalanguage and structural principles. In his reflection on the language, his structuring and naming of linguistic phenomena and his attitudes to variation, Ölinger is

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SHISHA-HALEVY, A. "A First Structural Grammar of Demotic." Bibliotheca Orientalis 55, no. 5 (1998): 587–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bior.55.5.2015876.

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Kurniasari, Monika. "TOLERATING STRUCTURAL AMBIGUITY IN GRAMMAR LEARNING." International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching 1, no. 1 (2017): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2017.010108.

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Haider, Hubert. "Grammar change." Biological Evolution 3, no. 1 (2021): 6–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/elt.00024.hai.

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Abstract Structurally, cognitive and biological evolution are highly similar. Random variation and constant but blind selection drive evolution within biology as well as within cognition. However, evolution of cognitive programs, and in particular of grammar systems, is not a subclass of biological evolution but a domain of its own. The abstract evolutionary principles, however, are akin in cognitive and biological evolution. In other words, insights gained in the biological domain can be cautiously applied to the cognitive domain. This paper claims that the cognitively encapsulated, i.e. cons

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Reddy, G., and J. Cagan. "An Improved Shape Annealing Algorithm For Truss Topology Generation." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, no. 2A (1995): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826141.

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An improved shape annealing algorithm for truss topology generation and optimization, based on the techniques of shape grammars and simulated annealing, is introduced. The algorithm features a shape optimization method using only simulated annealing with a shape grammar move set; while no traditional gradient-based techniques are employed, the algorithm demonstrates more consistent convergence characteristics. By penalizing the objective function for violated constraints, the algorithm incorporates geometric constraints to avoid obstacles. The improved algorithm is illustrated on various struc

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Abbasova, Kovser. "The Structural Complexity and Evolutionary Patterns of German Grammar." Acta Globalis Humanitatis et Linguarum 1, no. 1 (2024): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.69760/aghel.024049.

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This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the complexities inherent in German grammar, focusing on key features such as the case system, verb conjugation patterns, and syntactic structures. The research explores the diachronic evolution of German grammar, tracing its development from Old High German through Middle High German, and examines how historical linguistic changes continue to influence modern usage. Additionally, the study addresses the cognitive and pedagogical challenges that learners face, offering targeted strategies for effective grammar instruction, including contrastive a

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Cseresnyési, László, and Miklós Kontra. "Empirical linguistics: A cautious obituary." ARGUMENTUM 20 (January 1, 2024): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34103/argumentum/2024/16.

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The present paper is intended as a contribution to an ancient controversy about the nature of linguistic research. Dionysius Thrax, the author of the first extant European grammar, claimed that the study of language is “empirical”. We argue that linguistics, as long as it strives for empirical adequacy, must be essentially data-oriented, reflecting what may be called sociolinguistically valid collective intuitions. Using data from the Hungarian National Sociolinguistic Survey and the Budapest Sociolinguistic Interview project, we show the empirical inadequacy of two structural grammars of Hung

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BRESNAN, JOAN, ASHWINI DEO, and DEVYANI SHARMA. "Typology in variation: a probabilistic approach to be and n't in the Survey of English Dialects." English Language and Linguistics 11, no. 2 (2007): 301–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674307002274.

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Variation within grammars is a reflection of variation between grammars. Subject agreement and synthetic negation for the verb be show extraordinary local variation in the Survey of English Dialects (Orton et al., 1962–71). Extracting partial grammars of individuals, we confirm leveling patterns across person, number, and negation (Ihalainen, 1991; Cheshire, Edwards & Whittle, 1993; Cheshire, 1996). We find that individual variation bears striking structural resemblances to invariant dialect paradigms, and also reflects typologically observed markedness properties (Aissen, 1999). In the fr

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Haider, Hubert. "A null theory of scrambling." Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 39, no. 3 (2020): 375–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2020-2019.

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Abstract Grammars are decomposable. On the one hand, an adequate characterization of a given utterance factorizes the contributions of each subsystem of grammar and on the other hand, it thereby reduces the apparent overall complexity to the interaction of less complex subsystems. Scrambling is an apt showcase. Its complicated properties are not inherent properties of a syntactic construction but the result of the interaction of phrase structuring with other subsystems of grammar, and in particular with the information-structuring (IS) subsystem of pragmatics. Scrambling is “utilized” rather t

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O’Connor, John K. "Husserl and Carnap: Structural Objectivity, Constitution, Grammar." International Philosophical Quarterly 54, no. 2 (2014): 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq201452211.

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Tagore, Somnath, and Rajat K. De. "SAGPAR: Structural Grammar-based automated pathway reconstruction." Interdisciplinary Sciences: Computational Life Sciences 4, no. 2 (2012): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12539-012-0119-8.

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Meshkov, V. G., and D. E. Iskra. "Structural-Parametric Model of the Design System." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 24, no. 4 (2021): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2020-24-4-244-255.

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Purpose of research. In the design process developers dealing with professional issues related to the development of new design methods and tools inevitably face problems associated with the modeling of automated and designed objects. The analysis of the problems of designing complex systems have shown that the disadvantages of the design process appear, in particular, due to the incomplete generation of possible project options, as well as their partial ordering. At the same time, there is a certain imbalance in the properties of design systems and the problem of the lack of adequate methods

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Abendan, Jovel Bea, Jamillah Aprille Briones, Jamie Carylle Tecson, and Mae Monteza PhD Ana. "Grammatical Competence of UM Digos College English Language Learners." International Journal of Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Education 03, no. 04 (2024): 621–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064373.

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The primary objective of teaching grammar is to equip students with an understanding of the structural aspects of language, enabling them to effectively comprehend, communicate, and articulate themselves through listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This study aims to determine the impact on grammatical proficiency by scrutinizing the different parts of grammar, such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections, in the essays submitted by 39 third-year BSED English students at UMDC. Moreover, the tool employed is the Grammarly application,

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Tesar, Bruce, and Paul Smolensky. "Learnability in Optimality Theory." Linguistic Inquiry 29, no. 2 (1998): 229–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438998553734.

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In this article we show how Optimality Theory yields a highly general Constraint Demotion principle for grammar learning. The resulting learning procedure specifically exploits the grammatical structure of Optimality Theory, independent of the content of substantive constraints defining any given grammatical module. We decompose the learning problem and present formal results for a central subproblem, deducing the constraint ranking particular to a target language, given structural descriptions of positive examples. The structure imposed on the space of possible grammars by Optimality Theory a

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Indiah Pane, Isli Iriani, Alvindi Alvindi, Dimas Dimas, and Idris Sadri. "Exploring Students' Perceptions of Grammarly as a Tool for Enhancing Grammar Accuracy in Writing." VISION 20, no. 2 (2025): 90. https://doi.org/10.30829/vis.v20i2.4192.

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Mastering the structural aspects of language is a crucial component of academic writing. However, students often make intentional or unintentional errors during the writing process due to a limited understanding of grammatical principles and conventions. Careful revision and editing are vital to minimizing these errors, but technological tools such as Grammarly have become popular aids for students in checking sentence structure and grammar. This study investigates students' perceptions of Grammarly, focusing on its perceived advantages and disadvantages as a grammar-checking tool. Employing a

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Han, Chung-hye, Julien Musolino, and Jeffrey Lidz. "Endogenous sources of variation in language acquisition." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 4 (2016): 942–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517094113.

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A fundamental question in the study of human language acquisition centers around apportioning explanatory force between the experience of the learner and the core knowledge that allows learners to represent that experience. We provide a previously unidentified kind of data identifying children’s contribution to language acquisition. We identify one aspect of grammar that varies unpredictably across a population of speakers of what is ostensibly a single language. We further demonstrate that the grammatical knowledge of parents and their children is independent. The combination of unpredictable

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Marin, Mircea, and Gabriel Istrate. "Learning Cover Context-Free Grammars from Structural Data." Scientific Annals of Computer Science XXIV, no. 2 (2014): 253–86. https://doi.org/10.7561/SACS.2014.2.253.

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We consider the problem of learning an unknown context-free gram- mar from its structural descriptions with depth at most ℓ. The structural descriptions of the context-free grammar are its unlabelled derivation trees. The goal is to learn a cover context-free grammar (CCFG) with respect to ℓ, that is, a CFG whose structural descriptions with depth at most ℓ agree with those of the unknown CFG. We propose an algorithm, called LAℓ, that efficiently learns a CCFG using two types of queries: structural equivalence and structural membership. The learning proto- col is based on what is called in the

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WANG, ZHIQIANG, and XINYI ZHAO. "Functional grammar and teaching of Russian grammar in China." Филология: научные исследования, no. 2 (February 2020): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.2.32322.

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The subject of this research is the implementation of the theory of functional grammar in teaching of Russian language grammar to Chinese audience. The object of this research is the functional grammar of A. V. Bondarenko and communicative function of G. A. Zolotova. Studying the theory of functional grammar of the Russian language and its application among the Chinese audience allows deepening the understanding of grammar rules and increase the efficiency of teaching Russian grammar to Chinese students. The article analyzes the current situation regarding the teaching of Russian grammar in Ch

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Vracar, Petar, Igor Kononenko, and Marko Robnik-Sikonja. "Obtaining structural descriptions of building façades." Computer Science and Information Systems 13, no. 1 (2016): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis150222062v.

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We describe a method for learning and recognizing windows as basic structural elements of fa?ades and organizing them into interpretable models of building fa?ades. The method segments an input image into a hierarchical structure of window candidates. The candidates are used to create a likelihood map of window locations that is explained by a structural fa?ade model based on a formal grammar. We use a look-ahead greedy search method in the grammar derivation space to select the (sub)optimal fa?ade model. Empirical evaluation results reveal that, on average, the generated fa?ade model covers 4

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Dore, Temesgen, and Gashahun Borano. "The Practice of Teaching Grammar in EFL Classrooms: The Case of Grade 11 in Some Selected Preparatory Schools in Debre Berhan Town." International Journal of English Teaching and Learning 3, no. 2 (2025): 23–37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijetl.20250302.11.

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This study investigates the practice of teaching grammar in English Language Teaching (ELT) classrooms, focusing on grade eleven students in two preparatory schools in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. The research highlights the crucial role of grammar in language acquisition, particularly within the framework of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), which has gained prominence over traditional methodologies. Despite the endorsement of CLT, findings indicate that many teachers continue to rely on structural approaches, limiting students&apos; communicative competence. Employing a mixed-methods app

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Kaustav, Sanyala Partha Paula. "A Study of aindra School of Sanskrit Grammar in the Light of Paninian Framework in Natural Language Processing." Multicultural Education 7, no. 11 (2021): 307. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5700833.

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<em>Before the era of Panini’s Grammar, aindra School of grammar was the most popular tradition to provide a language model for Sanskrit. This tradition used merely the structural analysis of the words to construct the framework of a language. Though this tradition is extinct today, Panini’s grammar provides a pathway to reconstruct the aindra School of grammar. In this paper we have reviewed the existing major works of Computational Sanskrit in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and proposed a possible approach which can further be implemented to apply Paninian framewo

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R, Premkumar. "Individual Theory of Tholkappiyam." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, no. 2 (2022): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22224.

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There are many ancient language families in the world. Among them, the Dravidian language family is considered essential. The grammatical system and its trends have changed at various stages in the grammar composed in Tamil among the other languages. Grammar is about explaining those rules. The concept of individual theory develops by interpreting the structure of a language with structural order, using a specific grammatical theoretical concept for a given language over a period of time. Individualism does not operate in the context of any language, but it can construct the grammar of a langu

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WANG, PATRICK SHEN-PEI, and AMAR GUPTA. "AN IMPROVED STRUCTURAL APPROACH FOR AUTOMATED RECOGNITION OF HANDPRINTED CHARACTERS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 05, no. 01n02 (1991): 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001491000089.

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This paper examines several line-drawing pattern recognition methods for handwritten character recognition. They are the picture descriptive language (PDL), Berthod and Maroy (BM), extended Freeman's chain code (EFC), error transformation (ET), tree grammar (TG), and array grammar (AG) methods. A new character recognition scheme that uses improved extended octal codes as primitives is introduced. This scheme offers the advantages of handling flexible sizes, orientations, and variations, the need for fewer learning samples, and lower degree of ambiguity. Finally, the simulation of off-line char

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Bazrafkan, Mehrnoosh. "A New Top-Down Context-Free Parsing for Syntactic Pattern Recognition." International Journal of Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 16 (January 13, 2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9101.2022.16.4.

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The numerous different mathematical methods used to solve pattern recognition snags may be assembled into two universal approaches: the decision-theoretic approach and the syntactic(structural) approach. In this paper, at first syntactic pattern recognition method and formal grammars are described and then has been investigated one of the techniques in syntactic pattern recognition called top – down tabular parser known as Earley’s algorithm Earley's tabular parser is one of the methods of context -free grammar parsing for syntactic pattern recognition. Earley's algorithm uses array data struc

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Strug, Barbara, and Grażyna Ślusarczyk. "A Multi-Agent System in Education Facility Design." Applied Sciences 13, no. 19 (2023): 10878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910878.

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This paper deals with a multi-agent system which supports the designer in solving complex design tasks. The behaviour of design agents is modelled by sets of grammar rules. Each agent uses a graph grammar or a shape grammar and a database of facts concerning the subtask it is responsible for. The course of the design process is determined by the interaction between specialised agents. Space layouts of designs are represented by attributed graphs encoding both topological structures and semantic properties of solutions. The agents work in parallel on the common graph, independently generating l

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HUDSON, RICHARD A. "English dialect syntax in Word Grammar." English Language and Linguistics 11, no. 2 (2007): 383–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674307002298.

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The article focuses on inherent variability in syntax and the challenge that it presents for theories of language structure, using illustrative data from the Scottish town of Buckie (Smith, 2000). Inherent variability challenges a linguistic theory at three levels of theoretical adequacy: structural (Does the theory distinguish the relevant structures?), contextual (Does it allow structures to be related directly to their social context?), and behavioural (Does it allow an explanation for the observed frequencies?). The article summarizes the relevant claims of Word Grammar and shows (1) that

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Collins, Peter, Carmella Hollo, and Juliet Mar. "English grammar in school textbooks." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 20, no. 2 (1997): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.20.2.03col.

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This paper reports findings from a project involving the critical analysis of English grammar books (and language books with grammatical content) used at Primary and Secondary levels in NSW schools. The books surveyed betrayed a low level of awareness of developments in contemporary linguistics, and in particular, of the ‘structural’ approach to grammatical description. Such an approach, it is argued, has the potential to build on the insights of traditional grammar and to remedy many of its major shortcomings.

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D’Agostino, Pierluigi. "Kant’s Transcendental Theory of Universal Grammar. The Cognitive Foundation of the Structure of Language." Kant Yearbook 15, no. 1 (2023): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kantyb-2023-0001.

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Abstract In this paper I discuss Kant’s philosophy of grammar in order to argue that: (a) the formal analysis of language implies that there is a structural correspondence between logical and grammatical form; (b) there is a distinction between the sense in which logic is formal and the sense in which grammar is formal; (c) universal grammar descends from the system of categorial functions that are investigated in the transcendental analytic; (d) transcendental grammar implies that the universal form of human language has its ground in the universal structure of thought; (e) the concept of a g

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Sun, Zeyu, Qihao Zhu, Lili Mou, Yingfei Xiong, Ge Li, and Lu Zhang. "A Grammar-Based Structural CNN Decoder for Code Generation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 7055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33017055.

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Code generation maps a program description to executable source code in a programming language. Existing approaches mainly rely on a recurrent neural network (RNN) as the decoder. However, we find that a program contains significantly more tokens than a natural language sentence, and thus it may be inappropriate for RNN to capture such a long sequence. In this paper, we propose a grammar-based structural convolutional neural network (CNN) for code generation. Our model generates a program by predicting the grammar rules of the programming language; we design several CNN modules, including the

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Boeder, Winfried. "Review of Hewitt (1995): Georgian. A structural reference grammar." Studies in Language 23, no. 1 (1999): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.23.1.12boe.

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Repp, Sophie. "Defining ‘contrast’ as an information-structural notion in grammar." Lingua 120, no. 6 (2010): 1333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2009.04.006.

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Tuite, Kevin. "Review of Hewitt (1995): Georgian: A Structural Reference Grammar." Functions of Language 3, no. 2 (1996): 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.3.2.07tui.

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HANSEN, OTTO. "Are the genes of universal grammar more than structural?" Hereditas 95, no. 2 (2009): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1981.tb01409.x.

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Schmidt, Linda C., Harshawardhan Shetty, and Scott C. Chase. "A Graph Grammar Approach for Structure Synthesis of Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 122, no. 4 (1999): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1315299.

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This paper presents a general graph grammar methodology for structure synthesis of mechanisms. Much of current mechanism design is based on a systematic method popularized by Freudenstein, Mruthyunjaya, and Tsai (among others). A graph grammar is a more natural expression for a method that relies on algebraic abstractions of graph theoretic principles. Our proposed grammar rules add vertices and loops to a start graph to obtain desired structural requirements. A grammar adaptation of an existing linear time algorithm for the detection of isomorphism is presented. Also presented is a specialize

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Tiara Sasmita and Ardiana. "Student Perception Toward The Function of Grammar in Speaking." REGISTER: Journal of English Language Teaching of FBS-Unimed 14, no. 2 (2025): 64–70. https://doi.org/10.24114/reg.v14i2.64549.

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Grammar plays a crucial role in enhancing speaking ability by providing a structural framework that ensures clear, logical, and organized communication. Mastery of grammar helps speakers construct grammatically correct sentences, thereby reducing ambiguity and improving overall fluency. This study aims to explore students' perspectives on the function of grammar in English-speaking proficiency, particularly among students in the English Language Education study program. A qualitative research method was employed, with data collected through structured interviews. The sample consisted of 20 stu

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Uma, B. "The Structural Compression of Kāvyprakāsa and Taṇṭiyalaṅkāra". Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, № 4 (2020): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i4.2318.

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Tolkāppiyam, the first extant work of Tamil grammar covers the descriptions on the ‘Rhetoric Grammar’ (aṇiyilakkaṇam; figures of language) under the chapter simile. Later on, In ‘Vīracōḻiyam’ which is one of the five grammatical thoughts of Tamil, (Eḻuttu, Col, Poruḷ, Yāppu, Aṇi) the rhetoric aspects of the language was described as following Sanskrit work ‘kāviyātarca’. Subsequently, more works such as Taṇṭiyalaṅkāra, Māṟāṉalaṅkāram, Toṉṉūl Viḷakkam, Muttuvīriyam were written based on the Sanskrit rhetorical conventions. Though the rhetoric works in Tamil were written on the basis of Sanskrit

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Vinther, Nicoline Munck, Kasper Boye, and Line Burholt Kristensen. "Grammatikken i baggrunden – opmærksomhed under læsning." NyS, Nydanske Sprogstudier 47, no. 47 (2015): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nys.v47i47.19918.

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This article reports on a psycholinguistic study of two sets of linguistic mechanisms that are employed by language users to signal the intended prioritization of attention within complex messages: focus and the lexicon-grammar contrast. The study is one of the first experimental studies of the lexicon-grammar contrast which is theoretically anchored and not merely based on an intuition-based understanding of grammar. The focus of a sentence is indicated by means of focus markers, e.g. cleft constructions and focus particles. There is a general consensus, supported by experimental results, tha

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Healy, Daniel. "Structuralist Pedagogy, Style, and Composition Studies: Past Paradigms’ Unfinished Possibilities." Style 56, no. 3 (2022): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/style.56.3.0237.

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ABSTRACT Structuralism as a working method has not come into contact with the body of compositionist scholarship for quite some time, leading writing studies scholars to conclude that its former place of prominence in the discipline was an empiricist reaction to language’s inescapable ambiguity (Crowley), or even a radical mistake counter to the very spirit of hermeneutics (Berthoff). This article takes an archival approach toward excavating composition studies’ institutional forums to better map American structuralism’s once-central role within a discipline that has long since rejected it. Fu

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Khan, Sardaraz, and Kainat. "STRUCTURAL DECOMPOSITION OF PASHTO PATH PS." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 7, no. 1 (2022): 168–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol7iss1pp168-195.

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Background and Purpose: Past studies categorized Pashto prepositions as pre-position, post-position and ambi-position on the basis of their syntactical position in a unit of grammar. This paper aims to analyze the Pashto path prepositions and to find out its syntactic differences from other major languages, particularly English.  Methodology: A data corpus consisted of 245 clauses and sentences collected from Pashto grammar books was analysed using a nanosyntax approach, following Pantcheva and Svenonius’ decomposition of Path Ps and Place Ps where the terminal nodes of Pashto path

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Klímek, Jakub, Soběslav Benda, and Martin Nečaský. "Translation of Structural Constraints from Conceptual Model for XML to Schematron." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 20, no. (3) (2014): 277–301. https://doi.org/10.3217/jucs-020-03-0277.

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Today, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a standard for exchange inside and among IT infrastructures. For the exchange to work an XML format must be negotiated between the communicating parties. The format is often expressed as an XML schema. In our previous work, we introduced a conceptual model for XML, which utilizes modeling, evolution and maintenance of a set of XML schemas and allows schema designers to export modeled formats into grammar-based XML schema languages like DTD and XML Schema. However, there is another type of XML schema languages called rule-based languages with Schematro

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Mithun, Marianne. "Grammar, Contact and Time." Journal of Language Contact 1, no. 1 (2007): 144–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000007792548378.

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AbstractA continuing issue in work on language contact has been determining the relative borrowability of various structural features. It is easy to imagine, for example, how a tendency to use particular word order patterns in one language might be replicated by bilinguals in another, but difficult to understand how abstract morphological structures could be transferred. When we look at linguistic areas, however, we often find grammatical features shared by genetically unrelated languages that seem unborrowable. Here we consider the importance of adding the dimension of time to investigations

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