Journal articles: 'Structural Lightweight Concrete'

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Wongkvanklom, Athika, Patcharapol Posi, Banlang Khotsopha, Chetsada Ketmala, Natdanai Pluemsud, Surasit Lertnimoolchai, and Prinya Chindaprasirt. "Structural Lightweight Concrete Containing Recycled Lightweight Concrete Aggregate." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 8 (November 15, 2017): 3077–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-017-0612-z.

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Khoshvatan, Mehdi, and Majid Pouraminia. "The Effects of Additives to Lightweight Aggregate on the Mechanical Properties of Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2021-0010.

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Abstract In the paper, the effects of different percentages of additives (perlite, LECA, pumice) on the mechanical properties of structural lightweight aggregate concrete were tested and evaluated. For the research, 14 mixing designs with different amounts of aggregate, water, and cement were made. Experimental results showed that the specific gravity of lightweight structural concrete made from a mixture of LECA, pumice, and perlite aggregates could be 25-30% lighter than conventional concrete. Lightweight structural concrete with a standard specific gravity can be achieved by using a combination of light LECA with perlite lightweight aggregates (LA) and pumice with perlite in concrete. The results indicated that LECA lightweight aggregates show more effective behavior in the concrete sample. Also, the amount of cement had a direct effect on increasing the strength regardless of the composition of LAs. The amount of cement causes compressive strength to increase. Furthermore, the stability of different experimental models increased from 156 to 345 kg m 3 while increasing the amount of cement from 300 to 400 kg m 3 in the mixing designs of LECA and perlite for W/C ratios of 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4. For a fixed amount of cement equal to 300 kg, the compressive strength is reduced by 4% by changing the water to cement ratio from 0.5 to 0.4. The compression ratios of strength for 7 to 28 days obtained in this study for lightweight concrete were between 0.67-0.8. Based on the rate of tensile strength to compressive strength of ordinary concretes, which is approximately 10, this ratio is about 13.5 to-17.8 in selected and optimal lightweight concretes in this research, which can be considered good indirect tensile strength for structural lightweight concretes.

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Aslam, Muhammad, Payam Shafigh, and Mohd Zamin Jumaat. "Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete by Incorporating Solid Wastes as Coarse Lightweight Aggregate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 749 (April 2015): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.749.337.

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Structural lightweight aggregate concrete offers several benefits as compared to the normal weight concrete. Most common methods of producing structural lightweight concrete is by using artificial lightweight aggregates. However, the cost of the production of artificial lightweight aggregates is high due to energy and raw materials consumption. The use of waste and by-product materials as lightweight aggregate in concrete can provide a better solution to reducing the negative impact of the concrete industry. This paper reports an investigation to produce structural lightweight aggregate concrete by utilizing the locally available solid waste materials, namely oil palm shell (OPS) and oil-palm-boiler clinkers (OPBC) as coarse lightweight aggregates. Two different mix proportions were studied. In the first concrete mix, just OPS was used as coarse aggregate. However, 40% of OPS (by volume) of the first mix was replaced with OPBC in the second mix. The test results showed that by replacing OPS with OPBC, it directly affects the characteristics of the lightweight concrete. The 28-days compressive strength of the blended coarse lightweight aggregate concrete was significantly increased compared to OPS concrete.

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Domagała, Lucyna. "Durability of Structural Lightweight Concrete with Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 14, 2020): 4565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204565.

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The aim of this study was to present the problem of durability of structural lightweight concrete made of a sintered fly ash aggregate. The issue of durability was researched for 12 concrete series in terms of their water absorption, water permeability, and freeze-thaw resistance. Additionally, the microstructure of several concretes was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the durability research, the influences of the following parameters were taken into consideration: The initial moisture content of sintered fly ash (mc = 0, 17–18, and 24–25%); the aggregate grading (4/8 and 6/12 mm); and the water-cement ratio (w/c = 0.55 and 0.37). As a result of various compositions, the concretes revealed different properties. The density ranged from 1470 to 1920 kg/m3, and the corresponding strength ranged from 25.0 to 83.5 MPa. The durability research results of tested lightweight concretes showed that, despite considerably higher water absorption, a comparable water permeability and comparable or better freeze-thaw resistance in relation to normal-weight concrete may be present. Nevertheless, the fundamental requirement of lightweight concrete to achieve good durability requires the aggregate’s initial moisture content to be limited and a sufficiently tight cement matrix to be selected. The volume share of the cement matrix and aggregate, the cement content, and even the concrete strength are of secondary importance.

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Ozyildirim, H. Celik, and Harikrishnan Nair. "Durable Concrete Overlays in Two Virginia Bridges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 27 (June 11, 2018): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118777606.

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The purpose of this study was to implement innovative concretes with low permeability and reduced cracking potential in overlays to reduce chloride infiltration into the bridge decks. Two parallel bridges on Route 64 over Dunlap Creek in Alleghany County, Virginia, were selected for this study. For low cracking potential, relatively low water contents, shrinkage reducing admixtures, and lightweight aggregates were used. For low permeability, concretes had supplementary cementitious material and relatively low water–cementitious material ratios. In the overlays, five different materials were used: latex-modified concrete with rapid set cement; silica fume concrete alone; and silica fume concrete with shrinkage reducing admixture, lightweight coarse aggregate, and partial lightweight fine aggregate. A compressive strength of 3,000 psi at 3 days was sought. The performance of the overlay concretes was observed after two to three winters. The overlays used in this study achieved the specified strength and low permeability. There were minimal tight cracks except for one section with the latex-modified concrete with rapid set cement in the left lane of the westbound bridge. The extensive cracks in that section were attributed to plastic shrinkage from adverse weather conditions at placement and the fact that a truck had caught fire in that lane. Silica fume concrete overlays with shrinkage reducing admixture, lightweight coarse aggregate, or lightweight fine aggregate are ready for implementation in the field for low cracking overlays.

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Bodnárová, Lenka, Jitka Peterková, Jiri Zach, and Kateřina Sovová. "Determination of Thermal Conductivity on Lightweight Concretes." Key Engineering Materials 677 (January 2016): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.163.

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A range of testing methods were used to study the potential structural changes as a result of the effects of high temperatures on lightweight types of concrete developed above all for fire resistant structures. One such test for monitoring changes in concrete structures is the non-stationary determination of the coefficient of thermal conductivity using the hot wire method. The matrix structure progressively collapses as a result of the effects of high temperatures on the concrete structure ́s surface because erosion takes place of the matrix and aggregate porous structures. The degradation of the porosity of the concrete results in the deterioration of its thermal insulating properties. This paper assesses the dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of lightweight concretes on temperature and determines the potential occurrence of structural changes in the lightweight concrete matrix. The results were verified using other methods to determine the concrete ́s resistance to thermal load.

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Thienel, Karl-Christian, Timo Haller, and Nancy Beuntner. "Lightweight Concrete—From Basics to Innovations." Materials 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051120.

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Lightweight concrete has a history of more than two-thousand years and its technical development is still proceeding. This review starts with a retrospective that gives an idea of the wide range of applications covered by lightweight concrete during the last century. Although lightweight concrete is well known and has proven its technical potential in a wide range of applications over the past decades, there are still hesitations and uncertainties in practice. For that reason, lightweight aggregate properties and the various types of lightweight concrete are discussed in detail with a special focus on current standards. The review is based on a background of 25 years of practical and theoretical experience in this field. One of the main challenges in designing lightweight concrete is to adapt most of design, production and execution rules since they often deviate from normal weight concrete. Therefore, aspects are highlighted that often are the cause of misunderstandings, such as nomenclature or the informational value of certain tests. Frequently occurring problems regarding the mix design and production of lightweight concrete are addressed and the unintended consequences are described. A critical view is provided on some information given in existing European concrete standards regarding the mechanical properties of structural lightweight concrete. Finally, the latest stage of development of very light lightweight concretes is presented. Infra-lightweight concrete is introduced as an innovative approach for further extending the range of applications of lightweight concrete by providing background knowledge and experiences from case records.

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Hoang Minh, Duc, and Ly Le Phuong. "Effect of matrix particle size on EPS lightweight concrete properties." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825101027.

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Expanded polystyrene lightweight concrete is a composite which can be made by adding expanded polystyrene aggregate in normalweight concrete (as matrix). The research was focused on the effect of properties and volume of the matrix on the properties of lightweight concrete. The results show that properties of structural polystyrene concrete, such as workability and compressive strength, depend on the aggregate size of the matrix. It also shows that decreasing aggregate size of the matrix is the effective way to increase workability and compressive strength of lightweight concrete. When the density of concretes decrease by 200 kg/m³, slump values decrease by about 20 to 30 mm with lightweight concrete mixtures using maximum particle size of 0.63 mm, while slump values decrease by about 40 mm with the mixtures using maximum particle size of 20 mm. At the same density, the compressive strength of the structural polystyrenre concrete significantly decreased when the coarse aggregate diameter greater than 10 mm. Therefore, coarse aggregates with diameter size are smaller than 10 mm was recommended to use for matrix. In the result, expanded polystyrene concrete with density from 1,400 kg/m³ to 2,000 kg/m³ and compressive strength more than 20 MPa for structural application was made.

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Medvedeva, G., and A. Lifant'eva A.F. "THE RESEARCH OF MULTILAYER OUTER FENCING INCLUDING MATERIALS USING ASH AND SLAG WASTE OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS." Construction Materials and Products 3, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-2-29-35.

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the most important direction of resource saving in construction is the widespread use of secondary material resources, which are waste products. The use of secondary products of industry as raw materials for the production of various building materials is very important, because it provides production with rich sources of cheap and, often, already prepared raw materials; lead to lower costs for the production of some building materials, and therefore saves capital investments intended for the construction of buildings and structures; release large areas of land and reduce the impact on the environment. The article deals with heat-insulating and structural-heat-insulating materials, with partial replacement of components by ash-slag waste (ASW): lightweight concretes with broken glass and concretes modified with sulfur. Properties of concretes modified with sulfur are investigated: compressive strength, density and thermal conductivity. In accordance with the obtained properties, a comparative characteristics of the received materials with existing building materials was carried out: sulfur modified concrete and lightweight concrete; lightweight concrete using broken glass and claydite-concrete. Thermophysical calculation of multilayer hencing is made. In each of the options, one of the following materials was selected as a structural and heat-insulating material: lightweight concrete using broken glass and sulfur modified concrete. Also, for each type of hencing, the necessary heat-insulating and structural materials were selected. In the economic part, the cost of the raw materials necessary to obtain 1 m3 of the investigated materials and the cost of 1 m3 of multilayer hencing, which includes the investigated concrete, are calculated.

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Badar, Sajjad abdulameer, Laith Shakir Rasheed, and Shakir Ahmed Salih. "The Structural Characteristics of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Beams." Journal of University of Babylon for Engineering Sciences 27, no. 2 (May 22, 2019): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubes.v27i2.2293.

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This paper aims to investigate the structural behavior of reinforced lightweight concrete beams. Attapulgite aggregate and crushed clay brick aggregate were used as coarse lightweight aggregate to produce structural lightweight aggregate concrete with 25 Mpa and 43.6 Mpa cube compressive strength and 1805 Kg/m3 and 1977 Kg/m3 oven dry density respectively. The result of reinforced lightweight concrete beams compared with reinforced normal weight concrete beams, which have 50.5 Mpa cylinder compressive strength and 2317 Kg/m3 oven dry density. For each type of concrete two reinforced concrete beams with (1200 mm length × 180 mm height × 140 mm width), one of them tested under symmetrical two-points load STPL (a/d = 2.2) and another one tested under one-point load OPL (a/d=3.3) at 28 days. The experimental program shows that a structural lightweight aggregate concrete can be produced by using Attapulgite aggregate with 25 MPa cube compressive strength and 1805 Kg/m3 oven dry density and by using crushed clay brick aggregate with 43.6 MPa cube compressive strength and 1977 Kg/m3 oven dry density. The weight of Attapulgite aggregate concrete and crushed clay bricks aggregate concrete beam specimens were lower than normal weight aggregate concrete beams by about 20.56% and 13.65% respectively at 28 days. As for the ultimate load capacities of beam specimens, the ultimate load of Attapulgite aggregate concrete beams tested under STPL were lower than that of crushed clay bricks aggregate concrete beams and normal weight aggregate concrete beams by about 4.85% and 5% respectively. While the ultimate load capacities of reinforced Attapulgite concrete beams tested under OPL were lower than that of reinforced crushed clay bricks aggregate concrete beams and reinforced normal weight aggregate concrete beams by about 10.3% and 10.5% respectively. Finally, Attapulgite aggregate concrete and crushed clay bricks aggregate concrete showed ductility and toughness less than that of Normal weight aggregate concrete.

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Inozemtcev, Alexandr Sergeevich, and Evgeniy Valerjevich Korolev. "Technical and Economical Efficiency for Application of Nanomodified High-Strength Lightweight Concretes." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.176.

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The development of construction technologies is impossible without the proper estimation of economical efficiency. Some results of technical and economical efficiency of the developed high-strength structural lightweight concretes are presented in the article. Overview concerning world practice of research and application of lightweight concrete composition are made. The main properties and advantages of developed energy efficient high-strength lightweight concretes are described. The method of calculation of economic efficiency of concrete by means of reduction of total construction weight and increasing of floors’ number is proposed. Dependence between efficiency, footprint of building and number of floors is presented. It is shown that economical calculation for developed material which is based only on the cost of the material itself does not allow to obtain adequate data concerning prospect and competitiveness of the material. The authors offer method of calculating the economic efficiency of the developed high-strength lightweight concrete which takes into account the technical properties of the new material. The results of the study showed that the application of high-strength lightweight concrete is more effective than traditional kinds of the concretes.

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Real, Sofia, José Alexandre Bogas, Maria da Glória Gomes, and Beatriz Ferrer. "Thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate concrete." Magazine of Concrete Research 68, no. 15 (August 2016): 798–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.15.00424.

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Alexandre Bogas, J., M. Glória Gomes, and Sofia Real. "Capillary absorption of structural lightweight aggregate concrete." Materials and Structures 48, no. 9 (June 29, 2014): 2869–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0364-x.

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Aghaee, Kamran, and Mohammad Ali Yazdi. "Waste steel wires modified structural lightweight concrete." Materials Research 17, no. 4 (July 28, 2014): 958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-1439.257413.

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Real, Sofia, and J. Alexandre Bogas. "Oxygen permeability of structural lightweight aggregate concrete." Construction and Building Materials 137 (April 2017): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.075.

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Parra, Carlos, Eva M. Sánchez, Isabel Miñano, Francisco Benito, and Pilar Hidalgo. "Recycled Plastic and Cork Waste for Structural Lightweight Concrete Production." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (March 28, 2019): 1876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071876.

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The use of waste materials as lightweight aggregates in concrete is highly recommended in seismic risk areas and environmentally recommended. However, reaching the strength needed for the concrete to be used structurally may be challenging. In this study four dosages were assayed: the first two-specimen had high cement content (550 and 700 kg/m3 respectively), Nanosilica, fly ash and superplasticizer. These samples were high performance, reaching a strength of 100MPa at 90 days. The other two mixtures were identical but replaced 48% of the aggregates with recycled lightweight aggregates (30% polypropylene, 18.5% cork). To estimate its strength and durability the mixtures were subjected to several tests. Compression strength, elasticity modulus, mercury intrusion porosimetry, carbonation, attack by chlorides, and penetration of water under pressure were analyzed. The compression strength and density of the lightweight mixtures were reduced 68% and 19% respectively; nonetheless, both retained valid levels for structural use (over 30MPa at 90 days). Results, such as the total porosity between 9.83% and 17.75% or the chloride ion penetration between 8.6 and 5.9mm, suggest that the durability of these concretes, including the lightweight ones, is bound to be very high thanks to a very low porosity and high resistance to chemical attacks.

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Vargas, Paola, Natalia A. Marín, and Jorge I. Tobón. "Performance and Microstructural Analysis of Lightweight Concrete Blended with Nanosilica under Sulfate Attack." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (June 3, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2715474.

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The influence of two lightweight aggregates (LWA) on concrete and the effects of cement substitution for nanosilica (NS) on the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and cementitious matrix of concrete in resistance to attacks by magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) are researched in this work. The aggregates evaluated were perlite, which is a lightweight aggregate of open porous structure, and expanded clay (aliven) with closed porous structure. The variables included in the study were replacement percentage of coarse aggregates by lightweight coarse aggregates (0 and 100% by volume) and replacement percentage of cement by nanosilica (0 and 10% by weight). In the dosage of the mixtures, water/cementitious-material ratio constant of 0.35 was used. The LWA were characterized by XRD, XRF, and SEM techniques. Compressive strength, water absorption, and volume change in magnesium sulfate solution (according to ASTM C1012 for a period of 15 weeks) of lightweight concretes were evaluated. It was found that the nanosilica had effect on refinement in the pore system; however, the main incidence on the compressive strength and durability of lightweight concrete (LWC) was defined by the characteristics of lightweight aggregate used in its preparation.

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Yener, Engin. "The effect of pozzolanic mineral additives on the strength and durability properties of structural lightweight concrete." CEBEL Vol 2 Issue 2 April 2021 2, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2021.002.005.

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Structural lightweight concretes have the potential to be used in road pavements and bridge decks due to their properties such as sufficient wear resistance, high impermeability, superior freeze-thaw resistance and ductile behavior. However, road pavements are directly exposed to nitric acid and sulfuric acid solutions created by the exhaust gases of transportation vehicles in humid environments. Therefore, the concrete to be used in road pavements must be resistant to these acid effects. In addition, sufficient strength must be guaranteed when used as pavement material. The aim of this study is to produce lightweight concrete suitable for road pavements and other structures exposed to acid effects. For this, the effect of silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA) on acid resistance and strength development of lightweight concrete with perlite aggregates was investigated. Five different lightweight concrete mixtures were produced by substituting 0%, 5%SF, 10% SF, 10%FA, 20% FA instead of cement by weight. Natural perlite rock has been used as an aggregate source in order to provide high strength and lightness. The cylindrical samples produced were kept in lime saturated water cure for 120 days and their compressive strength was measured on the 28th, 56th, 90th and 120th days. In addition, in order to monitor the acid resistance, the strength changes of the samples exposed to 5% sulfuric acid and 5% nitric acid solution after 28 days of standard curing were followed until the 120th day. Results show that, SF and FA additives increase the compressive strength especially at older ages. In case of 10% SF, the 120-day strength value increased by 18.6% and reached 34.5 MPa. Also, lightweight perlite concrete is highly resistant to nitric acid and sulfuric acid effects. In the case of 92 days of nitric acid and sulfuric acid exposure, the strength losses are only 5.2% and 13.4%, respectively. In order to fully benefit from SF and FA, concretes must be adequately cured before acid attack. It has been concluded that it is possible to produce high-strength and acid-resistant lightweight concretes suitable for road pavements and many other structural elements by using natural perlite aggregate.

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Basset, R., and S. M. Uzumeri. "Effect of confinement on the behaviour of high-strength lightweight concrete columns." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no. 6 (December 1, 1986): 741–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-109.

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This paper summarizes an experimental investigation into the behaviour of high strength sand – lightweight concrete columns confined with rectangular ties. Fifteen reinforced and three unreinforced specimens were tested under monotonically increasing axial compression. Variables considered in this study were the longitudinal steel distribution and tie configuration, the tie steel spacing, the amount of tie steel, and the amount of longitudinal steel.The results indicated that unconfined high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete is a brittle material. The addition of lateral confining steel significantly improved the behaviour of this material, with a large amount of lateral steel resulting in very ductile behaviour. The tie configuration and resulting distribution of longitudinal steel contributed significantly to the confinement of concrete, with well-distributed steel resulting in improved behaviour. The ratio of specimen to cylinder concrete strength was observed to be 0.98, which is much higher than the commonly assumed value of 0.85.The test results were compared with results from selected theoretical confinement models. Based on the results of this investigation, existing models for concrete confinement give unconservative results for high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete and overestimate the ductility that can be achieved with this material. Key words: columns, confinement, ductility, high-strength concretes, lightweight aggregate concretes, reinforcement, stress–strain relationships, tests, ties, toughness.

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Vandanapu, Swamy Nadh, and Muthumani Krishnamurthy. "Seismic Performance of Lightweight Concrete Structures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2105784.

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Concrete structures are prone to earthquake due to mass of the structures. The primary use of structural lightweight concrete (SLWC) is to reduce the dead load of a concrete structure, which allows the structural designer to reduce the size of the structural members like beam, column, and footings which results in reduction of earthquake forces on the structure. This paper attempts to predict the seismic response of a six-storied reinforced concrete frame with the use of lightweight concrete. A well-designed six-storey example is taken for study. The structure is modelled with standard software, and analysis is carried out with normal weight and lightweight concrete. Bending moments and shear forces are considered for both NWC and LWC, and it is observed that bending moments and shear forces are reduced to 15 and 20 percent, respectively, in LWC. The density difference observed was 28% lower when compared NWC to LWC. Assuming that the section and reinforcements are not revised due to use of LWC, one can expect large margin over and above MCE (maximum considered earthquake; IS 1893-2016), which is a desirable seismic resistance feature in important structures.

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Zhu, Jun Guang, Xu Huang, and Rong Yue Zheng. "Discussion of Ceramsite Concrete Shaped Column in a Structural System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 188 (June 2012): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.188.205.

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Thermal insulation building materials that is both lightweight and high strength is the key to the future of China's construction sector in achieving energy conservation. In terms of building construction, when comparing lightweight aggregate concrete to that of ordinary concrete, light weight aggregate is lighter, has a large structure span, good seismic performance, saving cost and other advantages; Ceramsite concrete is a type of lightweight aggregate concrete. Also because the shaped column is not ridge, is able to increase the amount of usage area, due to being light is energy efficient, therefore is in line with the wall reformation and is thus preferred. Upon combining these two characteristics, the analysis of the Ceramsite concrete shape columns properties and its prospect for development.

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Hu, Wei Xin, and Abulitipu Abudula. "Research on Porous Properties of Air-Entrained Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 1209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.1209.

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Lightweight aggregate concrete with bleed air : the air-entraining agent added to the lightweight aggregate concrete , cement paste to form the porous structure of the porous structure of the right amount of artificial lightweight aggregate concrete . Reduce the density of the concrete to improve the insulation properties of the concrete . Applied to structural insulation concrete strength than 20Mpa, the thermal conductivity is less than 0.36W / ( m • K) . Of lightweight aggregate structure insulation concrete materials properties and microstructure of variation with air entraining agent .

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Chiadighikaobi, Paschal Chimeremeze, Vladimir Jean Paul, and Christopher Kneel Stewart Brown. "The Effectiveness of Basalt Fiber in Lightweight Expanded Clay to Improve the Strength of Concrete Helicoidal Staircase." Materials Science Forum 1034 (June 15, 2021): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1034.187.

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Staircase is a very important structural element found in mostly buildings of more than a floor. The properties of materials and designs used in constructing this structural element are very important. This study addresses the development of ultra-lightweight concrete. How ultra-lightweight concrete can effectively work in helicoidal structure. The flexural strength of this staircase was analysed on a finite element software SCAD. The designed lightweight aggregates concrete is targeted to be used in staircase of a structure having the shape of helicoid. In the concrete, chopped basalt fiber portion was added to each concrete mixture specimen reinforced as reinforcement. The basalt fiber percentages used are 0, 0.45, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.6. The developed lightweight expanded clay basalt fiber concrete showed significant increase in the flexural strength. The loads applied on this helicoidal concrete staircase in SCAD were derived from the laboratory experiments conducted on the concrete specimens on the 28 days curing period. This combination of values exceeds, to the researchers' knowledge, the performance of all other lightweight building materials. Furthermore, the developed lightweight concrete possesses excellent durability properties.

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Federowicz, Karol, Mateusz Techman, Myroslav Sanytsky, and Pawel Sikora. "Modification of Lightweight Aggregate Concretes with Silica Nanoparticles—A Review." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154242.

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The use of lightweight concrete (LWC) for structural and non-structural applications has attracted great interest in recent years. The main benefits include reduced deadload of structural elements and generally lower production and transportation costs. However, a decrease in concrete density often leads to a decrease in strength and durability. Typically, concretes are mostly modified with mineral additives such as silica fume or fly ash. Because of the recent developments in nanotechnology, research attention has turned to the possibility of improving concrete properties with nanomaterials, i.e., nano-SiO2. However, there are still certain issues with the dosage and efficiency of nanomaterials. Therefore, in order to establish the current state of knowledge in this field, this review gathers most recent results about the performance of LWC modified with nanomaterials. The review is divided into sections about the influence of nanoparticles on the fresh properties of concrete and their influence on the mechanical and durability characteristics. The paper studies in depth the most common approach to nanomaterials in concrete technology and proposes areas for further development.

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Agrawal, Yash, Trilok Gupta, Ravi Sharma, Narayan Lal Panwar, and Salman Siddique. "A Comprehensive Review on the Performance of Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete for Sustainable Construction." Construction Materials 1, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/constrmater1010003.

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Lightweight aggregate concrete is an innovative building material used to reduce the self-weight of a high-rise building. Recently, the use of lightweight aggregate in construction is increasing immensely due to its performance during an earthquake. Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) is a solution for the achievement of sustainability in the construction sector, which helps us cut down the overall cost of a project in massive construction work (tall buildings and bridges). Additionally, using various industrial by-products and waste instead of natural aggregate allows us to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The development of lightweight aggregate concrete with its relevance is still prominent. The performance of lightweight aggregate on various properties of concrete is explored in this study. This study shows that the lightweight aggregate and waste materials of less density can be used for structural applications with a strength equivalent to that of normal weight concrete. The application and advantages of LWAC are also discussed in this study. The paper’s overall finding reveals that LWAC can be used in sustainable construction growth and reduce waste by using it as natural aggregate in concrete to maintain environmental sustainability.

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Hammad, Hind Hussein, Zeyad Momtaz Mohamed, and Tmara Rasheed. "Using Attapulgite as a Lightweight Aggregate to Produce Structural and Insulating Concrete." Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 26, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.2.016.

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The wide spread of lightweight concrete due to its properties like low density, good thermal insulation, and the economic feasibility of low cost for buildings constructed with this type of concrete. The studies in this field of construction materials have varied, in this research, one types of the lightweight concrete was produced. It is a lightweight aggregate concrete. Crushed attapulgite rocks was used as aggregate which fired at temperature of 700°C and used as partially or completely replacement with ordinary aggregates to production low-density concrete blocks both structural and insulating, The properties of the concrete produced which tested for (density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, linear shrinkage, splitting strength) is conformed to the requirements of international specifications, the mix (GP) which contain 50% fine attapulgite aggregate and 50% ordinary fine aggregate with 100% coarse attapulgite aggregate conforms to the properties of structural lightweight concrete according to ASTM C330 and its gave a density about 1668Kg/m3 and compression strength of 17.5 N/mm2, while the two mixtures (H, HP) consisting of fine and coarse attapulgite aggregate with 100% of the total aggregate in mixture, with weight of 10% from cement as a pozzolana material in the mix HP is identical to the properties of the insulating lightweight aggregate concrete according to ASTM C332 with density about (1380,1432)Kg/m3 and thermal insulation (0.37,0.41)w/mk°, respectively.

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Hilmi, Mahmud, Payam Shafigh, and Mohd Zamin Jumaat. "Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Containing High Volume Waste Materials." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.498.

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The use of waste and by-product materials as aggregate or cement replacement in concrete can provide a solution to reducing the negative impact of the concrete industry. This paper reports an investigation to produce green concrete by using oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse lightweight aggregate as well as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as supplementary cementing material subjected to different curing conditions. Test results show that it is possible to produce green structural lightweight aggregate concrete containing 50% waste materials (by volume of concrete) with 28-day compressive strength of about 33 MPa. Data show that OPS concrete is very sensitive to curing, especially when GGBFS is used as a supplementary cementitious material.

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Alqahtani, Fahad K. "Sustainable Green Lightweight Concrete Containing Plastic-Based Green Lightweight Aggregate." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123304.

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Nowadays the environment and its natural resources face many issues, related to the depletion of natural resources beside the increase in environmental pollution resulted from uncontrolled plastic waste disposal. Therefore, it is important to find effective and feasible solutions to utilize these wastes, such as using them to produce environmentally friendly green concrete. In this study, plastic-based green lightweight aggregates (PGLAs) containing PET plastic waste and by product additives were developed, and their subsequent physical and mechanical properties were compared with those of reference aggregates. Then, green lightweight aggregate concrete mixes (GLACs) were produced at 100% replacement of normal weight and lightweight coarse aggregate with developed PGLAs; and their fresh, hardened, microscopic and durability-related properties were compared to those of control mixes. Study results revealed that the unit weight of PGLAs were 21% to 29% less than that of normal coarse aggregate. Additionally, PGLAs had low water absorption that varied between 1.2% and 1.6%. The developed aggregates had 45% higher strength compared to that of lightweight coarse aggregate. Study results confirmed that structural green lightweight aggregate concretes (GLACs), that satisfied the dry density, compressive and splitting tensile strength requirements specified in ASTM C330, were feasibly produced. Finally, GLACs had low-to-moderate chloride penetration in accordance with ASTM C1202, thus it can be used in those areas exposed to the risk of chloride attack.

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Wongkvanklom, Athika, Patcharapol Posi, Sahalaph Homwuttiwong, Vanchai Sata, Ampol Wongsa, Duangkanok Tanangteerapong, and Prinya Chindaprasirt. "Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete Containing Recycled Plastic Beads." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.377.

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Utilizing recycled plastic beads (RPB) as lightweight waste aggregates in the concrete and geopolymer application is quite attractive. This study presented the mechanical behavior, density, porosity, water absorption, abrasion resistance, thermal conductivity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of geopolymer lightweight concrete containing RPB. River sand in each mixture was replaced by various proportions of RPB ranging between 0-100% by weight. Sodium hydroxide concentration of 15 M, activator solution to fly ash ratio (L/A) of 0.40, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide ratio of 1.0, and aggregate to fly ash ratio of 1.0 were used throughout the experiment. The results indicated that the replacement of sand by 25% and 50% of RPB had a positive impact on the weight, density, water absorption, and thermal insulating property. The strength and density of the concretes met the minimum requirements of structural lightweight concrete according to ASTM C330.

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Kim, Yoo-Jae, Jiong Hu, Soon-Jae Lee, and Byung-Hee You. "Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Containing Surfactant." Advances in Civil Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/549642.

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Fiber reinforced aerated lightweight concrete (FALC) was developed to reduce concrete's density and to improve its fire resistance, thermal conductivity, and energy absorption. Compression tests were performed to determine basic properties of FALC. The primary independent variables were the types and volume fraction of fibers, and the amount of air in the concrete. Polypropylene and carbon fibers were investigated at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% volume ratios. The lightweight aggregate used was made of expanded clay. A self-compaction agent was used to reduce the water-cement ratio and keep good workability. A surfactant was also added to introduce air into the concrete. This study provides basic information regarding the mechanical properties of FALC and compares FALC with fiber reinforced lightweight concrete. The properties investigated include the unit weight, uniaxial compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and toughness index. Based on the properties, a stress-strain prediction model was proposed. It was demonstrated that the proposed model accurately predicts the stress-strain behavior of FALC.

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Kakali, Glikeria, Dimitris Kioupis, Aggeliki Skaropoulou, and Sotiris Tsivilis. "Lightweight geopolymer composites as structural elements with improved insulation capacity." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814901042.

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This study concerns the development of lightweight fly ash based geopolymers which can be applied as alternatives to the traditional lightweight concrete. Different kinds of expanded polystyrene were used as lightweight agents. The results showed that lightweight geopolymers were successfully prepared, exhibiting compressive strength and density in the range 7.70 – 29.57 MPa and 0.97 – 1.57 g/cm3, respectively. The product containing 3% w/w of commercial expanded polystyrene possesses low thermal conductivity (0.16 W/mK) combined with sufficient mechanical strengths (11 MPa), excellent stability and fire resistance while its water absorption is comparable to that of conventional construction materials (cement mortars, concrete).

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M. Mirza, Faiz A. "STRUCTURAL SEMI-LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE USING CRUSHED HOLLOW BLOCK (CHB) AS LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 37, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2009.121220.

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Cui, H. Z., W. C. Tang, and T. Y. Lo. "Investigation of Permeability of Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Advanced Science Letters 15, no. 1 (August 1, 2012): 176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.4099.

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Pinto, Jorge, Barbosa Vieira, Hélder Pereira, Carlos Jacinto, Paulo Vilela, Anabela Paiva, Sandra Pereira, Vítor M. C. F. Cunha, and Humberto Varum. "Corn cob lightweight concrete for non-structural applications." Construction and Building Materials 34 (September 2012): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.043.

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Hornakova, Marie, Petr Konecny, Petr Lehner, and Jacek Katzer. "Durability of structural lightweight waste aggregate concrete – electrical resistivity." MATEC Web of Conferences 310 (2020): 00015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031000015.

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While examination of the durability of ordinary concrete mixtures is of interest of many research groups, only limited amount of information is available in terms of lightweight concrete tested under the same conditions. In this case, the durability related to the chloride ion diffusion is investigated on the relatively new type of structural lightweight concrete, which, above all, contains waste material – red ceramics sand, and artificial expanded clay coarse aggregate. Used aggregates were fully soaked before adding into the concrete mixture, so also the internal curing effect is considered in terms of the degradation process. Cylindrical specimens made of plain concrete matrix and with added fibre in various percentage quantities were tested to examine the durability of the mixture by measuring the electrical resistivity. The results are compared to the findings from a similar project. The paper deals with aspects influencing the results of chloride diffusion in concrete.

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Kim, Min Ook, Xudong Qian, Myung Kue Lee, Woo-Sun Park, Shin Taek Jeong, and Nam Sun Oh. "Determination of Structural Lightweight Concrete Mix Proportion for Floating Concrete Structures." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 29, no. 6 (December 31, 2017): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9765/kscoe.2017.29.6.315.

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Yu, Xin Gang, Yan Na Gao, Lin Lin, and Fang Li. "Influence of Foaming Agent on the Properties of High Density Foam Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1214.

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Lightweight concrete has been used for structural purposes for many years and it is developed very fast in resent years due to its lightweight and favourable for insulation properties. High strength foam concrete is a fairly new kind of lightweight concrete with excellent properties of outstanding workability, low density and high strength. Responsible for these properties are the macro-, meso- and micro- porosity of the foam concrete which are mainly affected by the foaming agent. The influence of foaming agent’s dilution ratio and foam dosage on the fluidity, compressive strength, flexural strength and drying shrinkage of high density foam concrete designed for structural materials is investigated in this paper.

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Alvarez Rabanal, F. P., J. Guerrero-Muñoz, M. Alonso-Martinez, and J. E. Martinez-Martinez. "Bending and Shear Experimental Tests and Numerical Analysis of Composite Slabs Made Up of Lightweight Concrete." Journal of Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6819190.

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The aim of this paper is to understand the structural behaviour of composite slabs. These composite slabs are made of steel and different kinds of concrete. The methodology used in this paper combines experimental studies with advanced techniques of numerical simulations. In this paper, four types of concrete were used in order to study their different structural strengths in composite slabs. The materials used were three lightweight concretes, a normal concrete, and a cold conformed steel deck which has embossments to increase the adherence between concrete and steel. Furthermore, two lengths of slabs were studied to compare structural behaviours between short and long slabs. m-k experimental tests were carried out to obtain the flexural behaviour of the composite slabs. These tests provide dimensionless coefficients to compare different sizes of slabs. Nonlinear numerical simulations were performed by means of the finite element method (FEM). Four different multilinear isotropic hardening laws were used to simulate the four concretes. Coulomb friction contact was used to model the coefficient of friction between steel and concrete. Finally, a chemical bond was included to consider sliding resistance in the contact surface between steel and concrete. Experimental and numerical results are in good agreement; therefore, numerical models can be used to improve and optimize lightweight composite slabs.

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Yang, Yan Min, and Hao Zhang. "Experimental Study on Flexural Behaviors of All-Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Slabs." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 1918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.1918.

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In order to study the feasibility that whether the all-lightweight aggregate concrete slabs can be the structural member， we test on 6 pieces of all-lightweight aggregate concrete slabs. The flexural behaviors of all-lightweight aggregate concrete slabs which have the same intensity level and section size is analyzed comparatively under the same mode of action， but different reinforcement situation. The result shows that the all-lightweight aggregate concrete slab has certain bearing capacity and deformation capacity. It can replace the ordinary concrete slab as load-bearing member. The experimental study in the paper can provide a basis of the lightweight and energy-saving multi-story structure.

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ADEALA, Adeniran Jolaade, and Olugbenga Babajide SOYEM. "Structural Use of Expanded Polystyrene Concrete." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 1131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun849.

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Expanded polystyrene (EPS) wastes are generated from industries and post-consumer products. They are non-biodegradable but are usually disposed by burning or landfilling leading to environmental pollution. The possibility of using EPS as partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete has generated research interests in recent times. However, since the physical and mechanical properties of EPS are not like those of conventional fine aggregates, this study is focussed on the use of EPS as an additive in concrete while keeping other composition (sand and granite) constant. Expanded polystyrene was milled, the bulk density of EPS was 10.57kg/m3 and particle size distributions were determined. Engineering properties of expanded polystyrene concrete were determined in accordance with BS 8110-2:1985. The result showed that the amount of expanded polystyrene incorporated in concrete influence the properties of hardened and fresh concrete. The compressive strengths of 17.07MPa with 5 % expanded polystyrene concrete at 28 days for example can be used as a lightweight concrete for partitioning in offices. Incorporating expanded polystyrene granules in a concrete matrix can produce lightweight polystyrene aggregate concrete of various densities, compressive strengths, flexural strengths and tensile strengths. In conclusion, this reduces environmental pollution, reduction in valuable landfill space and also for sustainability in construction companies

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Mo, Kim Hung, U. Johnson Alengaram, and Mohd Zamin Jumaat. "A Review on the Use of Agriculture Waste Material as Lightweight Aggregate for Reinforced Concrete Structural Members." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/365197.

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The agriculture industry is one of the main industries in the Southeast Asia region due to its favourable conditions for plantations. In fact, Southeast Asia region is the world’s largest producer of palm oil and coconut. Nevertheless, vast plantation of these agriculture products leads to equally large amount of waste materials emanating from these industries. Previously, researchers have attempted to utilize the resulting waste materials such as oil palm shell, palm oil clinker, and coconut shell from these industries as lightweight aggregate to produce structural grade lightweight aggregate concrete. In order to promote the concept of using such concrete for actual structural applications, this paper reviews the use of such agriculture-based lightweight aggregate concrete in reinforced concrete structural members such as beam and slab, which were carried out by researchers in the past. The behaviour of the structural members under flexural, shear, and torsional load was also summarized. It is hoped that the knowledge attained from the paper will provide design engineers with better idea and proper application of design criteria for structural members using such agriculture waste as lightweight aggregate.

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Li, Furong, Zhenpeng Yu, and Yanli Hu. "Experimental Study on Dynamic Performance of Self-Compacting Lightweight Aggregate Concrete under Compression." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 15, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5384601.

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In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete (SCLC) under uniaxial compression, 10 different strain rates (10−5–10−1/s) were set up to examine the uniaxial compressive dynamic performance of ordinary concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete, and SCLC, respectively. The failure modes and stress-strain curves of the samples under different loading conditions were obtained through experiment. The dynamic characteristics of the SCLC were analyzed by comparing the failure modes and testing data under different loading conditions. The following conclusions are drawn: the failure modes of the SCLC belong to destruction of shale ceramsite, which are similar to that of the lightweight aggregate concrete. The peak stress and elastic modulus of the self-compacting lightweight aggregate gradually increase with the increase of the loading strain rate, but the extent of increase of the peak stress is lower than that of the ordinary concrete and lightweight aggregate concrete. Affected by the loading strain rate and the random coupling of concrete, the peak strain of the self-compacting lightweight aggregate shows a relatively discrete changing trend. At the same time, the compressive dynamic performance of the SCLC was analyzed from the perspective of failure mechanism with a quantitative point of view.

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Rahman Sobuz, Habibur, Noor Md Sadiqul Hasan, Nafisa Tamanna, and Md Saiful Islam. "Structural Lightweight Concrete Production by Using Oil Palm Shell." Journal of Materials 2014 (March 20, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/870247.

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Conventional building materials are widely used in a developing country like Malaysia. This type of material is costly. Oil palm shell (OPS) is a type of farming solid waste in the tropical region. This paper aims to investigate strength characteristics and cost analysis of concrete produced using the gradation of OPS 0–50% on conventional coarse aggregate with the mix proportions 1 : 1.65 : 2.45, 1 : 2.5 : 3.3, and 1 : 3.3 : 4.2 by the weight of ordinary Portland cement, river sand, crushed stone, and OPS as a substitution for coarse aggregate. The corresponding w/c ratios were used: 0.45, 0.6, and 0.75, respectively, for the defined mix proportions. Test results indicate that compressive strength of concrete decreased as the percentage of the OPS increased in each mix ratio. Other properties of OPS concrete, namely, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, and density, were also determined and compared to the corresponding properties of conventional concrete. Economic analysis also indicates possible cost reduction of up to 15% due to the use of OPS as coarse aggregate. Finally, it is concluded that the use of OPS has great potential in the production of structural lightweight concrete.

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Sayadi, Aliakbar, Thomas R. Neitzert, G. Charles Clifton, Min Cheol Han, and Karnika De Silva. "Ultra-lightweight Concrete Containing Expanded Poly-lactic Acid as Lightweight Aggregate." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 10 (July 23, 2018): 4083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-018-1976-4.

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Moreno-Maroto, J. M., A. L. Beaucour, B. González-Corrochano, and J. Alonso-Azcárate. "Study of the suitability of a new structural concrete manufactured with carbon fiber reinforced lightweight aggregates sintered from wastes." Materiales de Construcción 69, no. 336 (October 1, 2019): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.05719.

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The suitability of three new lightweight aggregates containing carbon fiber residues (CAs) as components in structural lightweight concrete has been studied. Prismatic concrete specimens were prepared using these CAs as a coarse fraction. Additional specimens of normal-weight aggregate, commercial lightweight aggregate and mortar were prepared for comparison. The CA-concrete samples (CACs) have yielded compressive strength values between 35 and 55 MPa as well as low density and thermal conductivity results. Furthermore, the CACs have displayed the highest ratios of mechanical strength over density and the thermal conductivity, which means that there is a better balance between their mechanical and physical properties than in the other samples studied. These results indicate that the new CAs could have great potential for use in structural lightweight concrete, also complying with the principles of the Circular Economy.

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Zhang, Songlin, Kang Yuan, Jiaming Zhang, and Junlin Guo. "Experimental Study on Performance Influencing Factors and Reasonable Mixture Ratio of Desert Sand Ceramsite Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (February 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8613932.

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The utilization of desert sand for making ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete is proposed to make full use of local natural resources in the development of a new type of lightweight and load-bearing wall material with good energy conservation, waste utilization, and thermal insulation performances. An orthogonal test was conducted to analyze the effects of the water-binder ratio, sand ratio, desert sand substitution rate, and fly ash content on the slump, apparent density, and tube crushing strength of desert sand ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete. Thus, the optimal mixture ratio of the desert sand ceramsite concrete was obtained for the LC20 and LC25 strength grades. Based on two reasonable mixture ratios, the physical and mechanical properties of the desert sand ceramsite concrete were investigated. The results revealed that the water-binder ratio, sand ratio, and desert sand substitution rate were the main influencing factors, and the influence law is essentially consistent with that of ordinary desert sand concrete. Based on the reasonable substitution rate of desert sand, the main physical and mechanical properties of the desert sand ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete, such as the tube crushing strength, tensile strength, and thermal conductivity, satisfied the requirements of the Chinese code’s specifications. In summary, desert sand can replace ordinary sand in ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete for the production of new lightweight and load-bearing wall materials.

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Benmalek, M. L., A. Bouguerra, A. Ledhem, R. M. Dheilly, and M. Queneudec. "Caractéristiques de bétons légers à base de résidus d'exploitation de carrières et de bois." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l98-062.

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Five mineral fines, resulting from aggregate quarries, are used in lightweight concretes formulated with wood aggregates. This study is a first approach of the influence of the characteristics of mineral fines on the properties of elaborated concretes.Key words: mineral fines, lightweight concrete, thermal conductivity, mechanical characteristics, dimensional variations.

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Abbas, Waleed, Wasan Khalil, and Ibtesam Nasser. "Production of lightweight Geopolymer concrete using artificial local lightweight aggregate." MATEC Web of Conferences 162 (2018): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816202024.

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Due to the rapid depletion of natural resources, the use of waste materials and by-products from different industries of building construction has been gaining increased attention. Geopolymer concrete based on Pozzolana is a new material that does not need the presence of Portland cement as a binder. The main focus of this research is to produce lightweight geopolymer concrete (LWGPC) using artificial coarse lightweight aggregate which produced from locally available bentonite clays. In this investigation, the binder is low calcium fly ash (FA) and the alkali activator is sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate in different molarities. The experimental tests including workability, fresh density, also, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, water absorption and ultrasonic pulse velocity at the age of 7, 28 and 56 days were studied. The oven dry density and thermal conductivity at 28 days age are investigated. The results show that it is possible to produce high strength lightweight geopolymer concrete successfully used as insulated structural lightweight concrete. The 28-day compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, dry density, and thermal conductivity of the produced LWGPC are 35.8 MPa, 2.6MPa, 5.5 MPa, 1835kg/m3, and 0.9567 W/ (m. K), respectively.

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S. Abdulhussein, Samer, and Ashraf A. Alfeehan. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL AERATED LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH IRON LATHING WASTE." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, no. 01 (January 1, 2021): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.25.1.9.

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Currently, the industry of construction requires finding efficient materials to increase the durability and strength as well as decreasing the concrete structure’s total weight. Therefore, an effort was made in this study for examining the impact of adding waste materials such as the iron lathing waste fibers. Iron lathe wastes have been deformed into twisted strips with a width of (4mm) and sieving size of (4.75-10) mm. The experimental investigation has been achieved with the use of four mixes related to light-weight concretes, involving different volumetric ratios of the iron lathing waste fibers as (0%, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 %). With the increase in the volume fraction of the lathing waste fibers from 0% to 2%, the results showed that there were a significant increase and improvement in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, static modulus of elasticity, and dynamic modulus of elasticity by 12%, 67.5%, 134%, 27%, and 26% respectively. This indicates that the iron waste fibers have an important impact in enhancing the mechanical properties of the hardened concrete through the structural change in the concrete matrix.

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Aslam, Muhammad, Payam Shafigh, Mohd Zamin Jumaat, and Mohamed Lachemi. "Benefits of using blended waste coarse lightweight aggregates in structural lightweight aggregate concrete." Journal of Cleaner Production 119 (April 2016): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.071.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Structural Lightweight Concrete'

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