Relevant bibliographies by topics / Structurally weak regions

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Structurally weak regions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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Genett, Timm, Peggy Richter, Madita Schädlich, Anke Schlieker, and Hannes Schlieter. "Gesundheitsnetze in strukturschwachen Regionen." Monitor Versorgungsforschung 2025, no. 02 (2025): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.24945/mvf.02.25.1866-0533.2706.

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Introduction: Demographic change poses major challenges for medical care in Germany. Structurally weak regions in particular are already suffering from gaps in care, which are being exacerbated by the increasing demand for healthcare services and the simultaneous shortage of specialised medical staff. Regional healthcare networks, which follow the integrated care approach, offer a promising solution by improving care and making it more efficient through greater cooperation between healthcare stakeholders. However, networking is often context- and region-specific, meaning that existing approach
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Hennebry, Barraí, and Tadeusz Stryjakiewicz. "Classification of Structurally Weak Rural Regions: Application of a Rural Development Index for Austria and Portugal." Quaestiones Geographicae 39, no. 2 (2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2020-0014.

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AbstractThis paper aims to analyse to what extent the level and dynamics of development of rural regions located in two firmly different countries, Austria and Portugal, differ. In order to do this, an index to measure the ‘structural strength’ of rural regions was created. This index is a more holistic measure of socio-economic development than the traditional GDP per capita. After the identification of structurally weak regions in both Austria and Portugal, the paper compares them in the context of challenges faced by such regions.
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Harfst, Jörn, Patrick Pichler, and Wolfgang Fischer. "Regional Ambassadors – An Innovative Element for the Development of Rural Areas?" European Countryside 9, no. 2 (2017): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0022.

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Abstract Rural regions in Austria have been under increasing pressure for change in the last decades. On a regional level, varying development patterns of shrinkage and growth arise alongside economic, demographic and social parameters. In this paper, regional ambassador concepts will be explicated as a new instrument of regional development. Additionally, potential positive impacts of these approaches on the problems faced by rural, structurally weak regions will be highlighted. Notable advantages of these approaches are network and feedback effects between stakeholders. These, in turn, are c
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Ganesch, Franziska. "Regional Mobility and Spatial Inequality: Determinants of Spatial Labor Market Behavior Considering Firm- and Region-Specific Factors." Raumforschung und Raumordnung 76, no. 6 (2018): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13147-018-0551-2.

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Abstract Regional disparities exist between states as well as within countries. In the Federal Republic of Germany, as a result of reunification, there are still considerable regional differences in terms of economic conditions. Local economic and structural circumstances affect individual employment opportunities and can be a motive for migration. Based on rational-economic approaches, the article examines the spatial labor market behavior of full-time employees subject to social security contributions, taking into account individual, firm-specific and regional characteristics. Workplace mobi
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Haas, Anette, Annekatrin Niebuhr, and Niklas Vetterer. "Regionale Arbeitsmärkte unter Transformationsdruck –unterschiedliche Herausforderungen und Anpassungspotenziale." Wirtschaftsdienst 104, no. 8 (2024): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wd-2024-0139.

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Abstract The transformation pressure caused by digitalisation, decarbonisation and demographic change differs between regional labour markets, as does the potential to adapt to these changes. For structurally weak (rural) regions, high transformation pressure due to digitalisation and/or decarbonisation is often accompanied by significant demographic problems. Policies should aim to increase innovation and further training in lagging regions, as these are of strategic importance for addressing the challenges of transformation.
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Alm, Bastian, and Antje Weyh. "Fördergebiete neu abgrenzen: Für eine proaktivere Regionalpolitik." Wirtschaftsdienst 105, no. 6 (2025): 407–13. https://doi.org/10.2478/wd-2025-0106.

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Abstract This article examines the role of place-based policies in Germany aimed at strengthening structurally weak regions and ensuring equitable living conditions across the country, focusing on the future delineation of assisted areas. It highlights the need for robust, evidence-based approaches to address regional disparities amid structural change, demographic shifts and economic shocks. Using sectoral specialisation and crisis resilience indicators, the study argues for a nuanced and data-driven redesign of funding boundaries to better support heterogeneous regional potential and promote
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Stognief, Nora, Paula Walk, Oliver Schöttker, and Pao-Yu Oei. "Economic Resilience of German Lignite Regions in Transition." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (2019): 5991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215991.

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This paper recalls the development of the German lignite regions Rhineland and Lusatia since 1945 to allow for a better understanding of their situation in 2019. We analyze their economic resilience, defined as adaptive capacity, using Holling’s adaptive cycle model. We find that the Rhineland is currently in the conservation phase, while Lusatia experiences a reorganization phase following the economic shock of the German reunification. Key policy recommendations for the upcoming coal phase-out are to foster innovation within the Rhineland’s infrastructures to avoid overconnection, and to exp
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Alecke, Björn, Timo Mitze, and Annekatrin Niebuhr. "Building a bridge over the valley of death? New pathways for innovation policy in structurally weak regions." Review of Regional Research 41, no. 2 (2021): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10037-021-00156-9.

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Lupu, Noam. "Weak parties and the inequality trap in Latin America." Oxford Open Economics 4, Supplement_1 (2025): i585—i594. https://doi.org/10.1093/ooec/odae020.

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Abstract Latin America is widely acknowledged as one of the most unequal regions of the world, yet it is also one of the most democratic. And in every country in the region, majorities support government redistribution. Why, then, are democratic governments not responding to voter demands to reduce inequality? I argue that one important reason is that strong political parties are necessary to achieve broad-based redistributive programs. Research on the political economy of inequality in the region and the institutionalization of political parties emphasizes this factor, spotlighting the weakne
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Ostrouch, Tymon. "Caught Between Metropolises: The Smart Specialisation Challenge in Poland’s Lubusz Region." Sustainability 17, no. 14 (2025): 6270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146270.

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This article examines the relevance of Smart Specialisation Strategies (RIS3) in structurally weak but non-peripheral regions, using Poland’s Lubusz Voivodeship as a case study. Based on employment data from 2009 and 2021, this study uses Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to evaluate the alignment between the region’s economic structure and its RIS3 domains: Innovative Industry, Health and Quality of Life, and Green Economy. The findings show that while Innovative Industry and Health and Quality of Life strengthened their relative specialisation, the Green Economy domain made only limited progre
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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PÁNKOVÁ, Pavla. "Finanční podpory rozvoje Českobudějovicka." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-46322.

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This work aims at introducing and analyzing financing development possibilities of The Region of South Bohemia, namely the evaluation of drawing financial resources from the Programme of renewal of rural areas and the Programme of the development of economically weak and structurally disabled regions of South Bohemia. The priority of the development, investment projects fixed on them and quantity of financial resources were to be submitted, expressed in numbers and described their development in time. The contribution of this work consists especially in the contribution of absorbed financial r
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Books on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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Roberts, Kenneth M. Populism and Political Representation. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.30.

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This article examines populism as a mode of political representation from a cross-regional, comparative perspective and considers some explanations as to why it appears to be thriving and, arguably, spreading in many developing countries. It begins by considering the political and economic conceptualizations of populism, particularly in Latin America and with respect to its logic in the cultural, or ideational, dimension of politics. It then discusses the structural and institutional conditions for populism, such as democracy, authoritarianism, and civil society. The article argues that populi
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Said, Jonathan, and Khwima Singini. Powerbrokers and Patronage. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801641.003.0003.

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This chapter investigates the patterns of growth in Malawi from 1954 to 2013. Using the deals and development framework, it highlights four growth regimes during this period. First, a period of growth stagnation under colonial rule. Second, a period of growth acceleration post-independence as a clientelist structure emerged in key sectors of the economy under president Banda. Third, from 1978 onwards the lack of sustainability of these structures led to a period of growth decline. In 1994 Malawi transitioned to multiparty elections, however the country failed to modernize and the systems of pa
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Saraceno, Chiara, David Benassi, and Enrica Morlicchio. Poverty in Italy. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447352211.001.0001.

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Italy is one of the EU countries that was hardest hit by the 2008 financial crisis and is also slowest in recovering, even compared to other Mediterranean countries that share some of its societal features. Poverty has steadily increased throughout the period following 2008, and no clear indication of a trend reversal is yet visible. Working poor, the young, children and migrant foreign households are the main victims of the situation. Also the territorial divide has deepened, with the Southern regions bearing the brunt of the crisis much more, and for a longer time, than the Centre-North ones
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Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.63.

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This GSoD In Focus Special Brief provides an overview of the state of democracy of Latin America and the Caribbean at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in 2020. Key findings include: • Democratically, the region was ailing prior to the pandemic, with some countries suffering from democratic erosion or backsliding, others from democratic fragility and weakness. Overall, trust in democracy had been in steady decline in the decade preceding the pandemic. Citizen discontent has c
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Bouët, Antoine, Getaw Tadesse, and Chahir Zaki, eds. Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor 2021. AKADEMIYA2063, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54067/9781737916406.

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African countries have diversified both their exports and trade partners over the last decade, African agricultural trade still suffers from structural problems as well as exogenous shocks. Against this backdrop, the 2021 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor (AATM) analyzes continental and regional trends in African agricultural trade flows and policies. The report finds that many African countries continue to enjoy the most success in global markets with cash crops and niche products. At the intra-African level, countries are becoming more interconnected in trade of key commodities, but there rem
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Oqubay, Arkebe, Fiona Tregenna, and Imraan Valodia, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.001.0001.

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While South Africa shares some characteristics with other middle-income countries, it has a unique economic history with distinctive characteristics. South Africa is an economic powerhouse with a significant role not only at the southern African regional and continental levels, but also as a member of BRICS. However, the country faces profound developmental challenges, including the ‘triple challenges’ of poverty, inequality and unemployment. There has been a lack of structural transformation and weak economic growth. Ongoing debates around economic policies to address these challenges need to
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Book chapters on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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Micheaux, Elsa Lafaye de, and Muriel Périsse. "La question du travail en Asie du Sud-Est : un tableau contemporain." In L’Asie du Sud-Est 2025. Institut de recherche sur l’Asie du Sud-Est contemporaine, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4000/13g8d.

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Although labour, working conditions and the sharing of added value are largely responsible for the prosperity of the South-East Asian countries, they are often overlooked. However, as a major player in global production chains, the region draws on a large—and increasingly feminine—workforce, due to assembly jobs in the textile, electronics, automotive and agro-industries. Thanks to the different sources of regional data available, the orders of magnitude and the distribution of the main masses affecting the regional labour force are provided. It also quantifies informal and even child labour.Explaining the comparatively weak level of regional wages as their countries become richer, the structurally lower position of workers relies on the lack of zeal in the application of labour law as well as on the limited sphere industrial relations. The use of informal work and migrant labour further fuels a highly segmented labour market and prevents workers from achieving a better balance of power. This in turn favours the absorption of transnational capital and the further integration of ASEAN economies into the contemporary division of labour driven by global value chains.
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Yagoub, Nouraldaim F. A., Aqdas Shehzad, Hikma Ally, and Xiuxin Wang. "Modeling Resilient Self-centering Concrete Walls with Repairable Structural Fuses to Predict Earthquake Performance." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4355-1_21.

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AbstractIn the last decades, earthquake-resilient structural systems have become popular in rocking structures and are considered a viable option for buildings in seismic regions. Self-centering concrete shear wall systems offer numerous benefits, including reduced seismic damage. Designing buildings, especially in areas with weak earthquakes, needs a simple damper for energy dissipation in terms of design, execution, and ease of removal after the seismic. Extensive experimental studies have demonstrated excellent seismic performance of the self-centering shear walls. However, the analytical models currently used still have some limitations for modeling the gap rocking behavior. This study presents a self-centering concrete wall with energy dissipation (ED) steel angle devices and evaluates it to achieve seismic-resilient building structures. The angle devices are externally installed on the wall corners to achieve controllable energy dissipation and are easily replaceable. The numerical study was performed using displacement control cyclic loading, and verification of the self-centering (SC) reinforced concrete RC wall was first introduced. Subsequently, five different configurations with different thicknesses of ED steel angles were investigated. The outcome demonstrates that the proposed system structure has excellent load-bearing capability, energy absorption, lower damage, and self-centering capability. In addition to improving the self-centering wall’s lateral stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation, increasing the angle damper thickness can also increase residual drift if it surpasses a certain threshold. Compared to rocking RC walls, the proposed RC walls offer a promising solution for low-performance structural systems required by resilient and sustainable civil infrastructure.
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Bergmann, Jonas. "Costa: Flood Displacement During the 2017 Coastal El Niño in Peru." In Studien zur Migrations- und Integrationspolitik. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-42298-1_7.

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AbstractThe research interest in Peru’s western arid coast (Costa) was in the well-being of persons displaced short distances away from their homes by floods during the 2017 Coastal El Niño (CEN) event for two reasons. First, Peru’s coast is periodically affected by severe El Niño-driven rainfall, which climate change will increase significantly in this century. Second, related floods are the main driver of displacement on Peru’s coast. The 2017 CEN floods, specifically, were the largest push for such displacement over the past decade in Peru, with close to 300,000 cases. Thus, examining the well-being of displaced persons from villages in the Piura Region after the 2017 CEN provides a useful temporal analog for future challenges. In the first section of this chapter, I provide information on the geographical context, measured and projected climate change, exposure, vulnerabilities, local coping and adaptation, and hazard-related migration by Peru’s coast. Then, I explain the new qualitative and quantitative results of this case study of displaced persons’ well-being following the 2017 CEN. Findings underline that the displacement occurred under high structural constraints, including severe climate risks and deficient DRR/DRM; poverty and inequality; limited livelihood options; tenure insecurity; poor and hardly accessible basic services; weak governance; and limited political participation. Conversely, structural opportunities were low. As a result, the severe and abrupt CEN floods caused forced, survival migration with detrimental conditions for moving and settling. Throughout the lifecycle of displacement, people suffered extreme losses, which continued to worsen their prospects for development from a secure base and a space to live better. Conversely, social relatedness remained similar after moving. Because displacement has become prolonged without substantial improvements, people’s need fulfillment, long-term asset base, and capacities for climate adaptation have worsened. Consequently, most displaced persons evaluated their need fulfillment as negative, and only few experienced partial positive feelings or cognitive satisfaction despite their plight. Expectations for the future were mostly negative and resulted in prevalent enforced fear as well as some fragile adjustment. Based on these findings in this case, I conclude by deriving more general propositions on the well-being impacts of climate migration.
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Formato, Enrico. "New Urbanization Phenomena and Potential Landscapes: Rhizomatic Grids and Asymmetrical Clusters." In Regenerative Territories. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78536-9_8.

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AbstractMore and more nowadays, the Circular Economy is at the heart of European public policies. As a result of the “Next Generation EU” Recovery Plans, a huge amount of financial resources will be available in the coming years to give shape the concept of “ecological transition". For that purpose, radical vision and operational concreteness are needed.In order to strengthen the territorial dimension of public policies aimed at ecological transition, the paper points to consider the status quo of the European territory, looking for recurring elements and differences. In this perspective, a return of “hard” urban studies, focusing on the issues of land ownership, land parcelling, infrastructural and urbanization procedures (and their relationships with the environment and the landscape) should be conducted at the European scale.A central role for the future of contemporary territories is recognized in the so-called “fringe area”, the part of the urban region where patterns of building development and unbuilt space interwave: its intermediary character, as a place between the compact city and the suburban countryside, makes this zone favourable to the collaboration between the two worlds. In addition, its easy accessibility from both the denser contexts and the outer areas makes it the perfect place to locate the equipment required to create short supply chains, so relevant for the circular economy and the ecological transition.These transition areas need to be rethought as new collective spaces of the contemporary city, areas for the proliferation of biodiversity, inhibited from settlement increase and subject to restrictions on car traffic. In them, the circular dimension of the new green economy could give shape to certain spatial conditions and new landscapes.Two main spatial models can describe this sustainable reform of the peri-urban territories. The first one assumes the figure of the “cluster”: a territorially and functionally defined region with one or more reference centres and an edge marking the discontinuity from other clusters. The second model is based on the figure of the “grid”: an unlimited mesh, which gives measure and organizes space according to a replicable and open system. This spatiality is built on a redundant and weak infrastructure, devoid of hierarchy, which can give rise to a sponge rich in pores, with neither internal nor external boundaries.The concept of the materiality also deals with the physical status of each context where the clusters of shortening flows would define local metabolisms, self-sufficient, marked by the use and recycling of what can be produced or “extracted” in the cluster itself. The closing of short supply chains for the use and recycling of materials, also with reference to the construction cycle and CDW recycling, would have direct consequences on the architectural character of the new arrangements: a kind of hyper-contextualism in which the landscape takes on grains, colours, materiality, closely linked to the local condition.Finally, a reflection on the rationales of the project is outlined. What is proposed, in fact, requires going beyond the traditional way in which the project has been conceived. In fact, these urban reconfiguration processes, structurally open to uncertainty, would take advantage of a programmatic choice of spatial incompleteness: a condition of “unfinished”, open to the accumulation over time of functions, forms, aggregations and densifications.
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Viganò, Paola, Bertrand Plewinski, Guillaume Vanneste, and Nicolas Willemet. "Peterbos: Living in the Park, Inhabiting the City." In The Urban Book Series. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19748-2_11.

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AbstractThis paper explores the urban issues underlying the design experience in the Peterbos neighbourhood, Anderlecht, Brussels-Capital Region. It presents four themes, based on the living experiment of this urban project, which consists of a master plan for the renovation of public spaces (Studio Paola Viganò and vvv architecture urbanisme 2020). It starts with the critical perspective of a ‘project for the ground’. As an embodiment of modernity, collective living in high-rise buildings has made it possible to free up a large area of ground for use as a shared landscape. In Peterbos, this large ground has aged, deteriorated, and become disconnected from the city. Up until now, these characteristics have made Peterbos a place where all the ‘misery in the world’ (Bourdieu, La misère du Monde. Seuil, 1993) has been concentrated. A long transformation process is now underway: the renovation of housing and public spaces proposes new living conditions and a new image for the district. However, there are still questions about the appropriateness of such an investment in the absence of a radical rediscussing of what makes Peterbos an enclave for the poorest. Our analysis starts with the ground of Peterbos and its relationship with water flows, biodiversity, and the rest of the city. The modern project focuses on the liberation of the public ground. We see the Peterbos project as an opportunity for critical reinterpretation. Second, we reconsider the district’s position in the city and the need to reverse feelings inside and outside, aiming to renew relations with the metropolis. Third, a broader understanding of the environment is necessary in order to take part in an ecological transition. The notion of diversity and mixed-use as a fertile framework for emancipation and individual initiative is then discussed. Finally, in the conclusions, having explored the progetto di suolo as a manifold agent and pushed it to its limits, we conclude by examining the ‘stone guest’. Indeed, urbanism and investment in urban renewal do not represent an autonomous and self-responsible solution to the social and urban challenges society is currently facing. The design of public space represents a wide, but also a narrow, space for manoeuvre. When structural changes are implied, they do not tackle the basis of inequality concentrated at this site, linked to decisions made in the past that do not show the expected results. Interaction with economic policies is still too weak. We choose to use clear but sometimes burdensome vocabulary to discuss these spatial and social matters, not escaping the difficulty of the topic. All the same, urban and landscape designers have a responsibility and the possibility to assert the original meaning of politics as the organization of public life in the city, more broadly addressing actions in space and measures to reduce inequality and restore the dignity of the people who live there.
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Caselli, Richard J. "Focal Cognitive Syndromes." In Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review, edited by Kelly D. Flemming. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512166.003.0023.

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The neurologic results of cortical lesions reflect the structural properties of the affected region. Lesions affecting primary sensorimotor cortices result in primary sensorimotor deficits that are qualitatively all-or-nothing, such as blindness (hemianopia) and paralysis (hemiparesis). Quantitatively, though, the severity of the deficit depends on the extent of the lesion (so that a hemiparetic patient may not be completely paralyzed but simply weak). Lesions affecting modality-specific association regions result in conceptually more complex disorders that are confined to a single modality, such as nonfluent aphasia (a form of motor speech disorder reflecting the language-dominant hemisphere) or prosopagnosia (a visual disorder impairing the ability to disambiguate visually similar entities, specifically faces, reflecting the “what” visual pathway in inferotemporal cortices).
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Bratton, Michael. "24. Sub-Saharan Africa." In Democratization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198732280.003.0024.

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This chapter examines efforts to introduce multi-party politics into Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. It first considers regime changes in the region and shows that they result from the ‘conjuncture’ of various forces. Some of these forces are structural—such as the decline of African economies, the end of the Cold War—but political actors produce others, like incumbents’ concessions, opposition protests, and military withdrawals from politics. With reference to various African examples, the chapter emphasizes the important role played by certain structural conditions in transitions to democracy during the 1990s, but suggests that outcomes more often hinged on purposive political action. It also analyses the quality of resultant African regimes and concludes by identifying several fundamental constraints on further democratization including endemic poverty and weak states.
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Bratton, Michael. "22. Sub-Saharan Africa." In Democratization. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199233021.003.0022.

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This chapter examines efforts to introduce multi-party politics into Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. It first considers regime changes in the region and shows that they result from the ‘conjuncture’ of various forces. Some of these forces are structural — such as the decline of African economies, the end of the Cold War — but political actors produce others, like incumbents’ concessions, opposition protests, and military withdrawals from politics. With reference to various African examples, the chapter emphasizes the important role played by certain structural conditions in transitions to democracy during the 1990s, but suggests that outcomes more often hinged on purposive political action. It also analyses the quality of resultant African regimes and concludes by identifying several fundamental constraints on further democratization including endemic poverty and weak states.
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Behnam, Behrouz. "Simulating Post-Earthquake Fire Loading in Conventional RC Structures." In Modeling and Simulation Techniques in Structural Engineering. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0588-4.ch015.

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Post-earthquake fire (PEF) is one of the most complicated problems resulting from earthquake, presenting a serious risk to urban buildings. As most standards and codes ignore the possibility of PEF, buildings are too weak under PEF loads. This chapter is to investigate the effects of PEF loads on partially damaged RC buildings located in urban regions. To do that, a methodology named sequential analysis is introduced here via which the structural performance at various performance levels is evaluated under fire and PEF scenarios. Numerically, in order to simulate the earthquake loads, conventional pushover analysis is employed, with an explanation presented in the chapter to introduce the pushover analysis, its advantages and its limitations. To simulate the fire loads, standard fire curve (ISO 834) is used for simplicity.
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Offner, Amy C. "Decentralization in One Valley." In Sorting Out the Mixed Economy. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691190938.003.0002.

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This chapter talks about decentralization, which was in fact an enduring and characteristic form of government in the Americas by the time of the Great Depression. It was reimagined and redeployed twice during the subsequent years, first as a developmentalist prescription to expand the responsibilities of weak states, and later as an instrument to break down established state functions. During the 1980s, Colombian economist Eduardo Wiesner had served as the Western Hemisphere director for the International Monetary Fund (IMF), pushing through structural adjustment programs throughout the region. By the 1990s, he was an advisor to the World Bank and an international authority on state decentralization. The power and example of decentralized corporations have reordered the political economy of the region and the very terms in which political economy was discussed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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Johnson, Myles, and Casey Whalen. "Long-Lasting Repairs in Salt Flat Environments." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13139.

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Abstract Pipeline coatings operating in salt flats have a tremendous responsibility to protect the pipe in a very aggressive environment. When the coating shows a weak spot and fails, the carbon steel pipe will corrode until a repair is performed. However (in the past/historically), many repairs in salt flat regions have seen disbonding or other issues due to the high salt concentration and shallow water table that is typical to this region. Whether a serious repair is needed or just an aggressive re-coat is wanted, it is vital to ensure that the repair lasts a long time. A composite repair sy
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Mbamalu, J. E., and F. O. Edeko. "Integrity Assessment of Marine/ Off-shore Networks through Flowline/Wellhead Inspection Campaign." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04625.

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Abstract This work involves flow line/ wellhead Inspection Campaign in the Delta region of Nigeria. The work scope includes provision of manual thickness measurements (scanning) of critical areas of flow lines/wellhead on OML 100/102 platforms by ultrasonic means. The OML 100 is located off-shore Akwa Ibom state of Nigeria about 80km west of Bonny Terminal and OML 102 is located 40km from OML 100 both are accessible by air (helicopter) and sea boat. The UT survey runs from Afia, Edikang, Ime, Odudu, and Ofon fields. This survey was carried out with the view of determining the integrity of the
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Griebel, Adam, Stephen Trippel, and Corey P. Neu. "MRI-Based Strains and Relaxation Mapping in Human OA Articular Cartilage." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80649.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage in synovial joints. The mechanical function of cartilage declines during OA progression, including the softening of the tissue coupled with increased friction and wear [1,2]. Structurally, cartilage wear is regionally nonuniform over the entire articular surface, and load-bearing regions often show more OA severity compared to non-load-bearing regions in the same joint [2].
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Kubíková, Martina, and Martin Pělucha. "Význam, potenciál a limity sledování digitální výkonnosti regionů: Příklad ČR." In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-16.

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The paper focuses on the evaluation of mainstreaming of the availability of statistical indicators and their use in the design of the national and regional development strategies. Although a large amount of funds (from the EU structural funds and new instruments, e. g. National Recovery Plans or the process of Just Transition in coal regions) is being invested in the development of the digital economy. The question is the effectiveness and efficiency of the expenditure and the reflection of the real needs of regional and local entities. The analysis of key documents for regional development of
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Che, Shuai, Sheng Zhang, Adam Burak, and Xiaodong Sun. "Structural Integrity Assessment of a Unit Cell in a Laboratory-Scale Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger for Molten Salt Reactors With Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-60735.

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Abstract The Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) is considered promising as an intermediate heat exchanger for Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) due to its highly compact construction, high heat transfer effectiveness, and capability of withstanding high pressures. In this study, thermal-mechanical simulations were performed using a two-channel unit-cell model with the attempt to investigate the structural integrity of a laboratory-scale PCHE that was designed for molten salt-to-supercritical carbon dioxide heat transfer, with the temperature field obtained from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
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Dizdar, S. "Fe-Based Powder Alloys Deposited by HVOF and HVAF for Sliding Wear Applications." In ITSC 2016, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, et al. DVS Media GmbH, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2016p0706.

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Abstract This study compares the wear performance of thermally sprayed iron coatings with that of electrolytic hard chrome (EHC) plating. Three Fe-based alloy powders (FeSP529, FeSP586, 6AB) were deposited on S355 structural steel plates by HVOF and HVAF spraying and the resulting coatings and plating samples were subjected to dry sliding wear tests using a block-on-ring setup. Wear maps for all three Fe-based powder alloys are similar, showing regions of plasticity dominated wear, wear transition, and oxidational wear as a function of sliding velocity. More importantly, the wear rates of the
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Hernández-Rivera, J. L., H. I. Medellín-Castillo, D. F. de Lange, and Gilberto Mejía-Rodríguez. "Numerical Simulation of the Structural Response of Al/Graphite Composites Using Unit Cell Models and Different Interface Conditions." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37083.

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The advantages of using graphite as reinforcement in aluminum composites have been addressed by several authors, e.g. Warner et al. [1]. The addition of graphite has been demonstrated to improve the relation strength to density ratio because of the low weight of graphite. Also a significant hardening caused by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between graphite and Al matrix have been observed [2]. Furthermore, the presence of graphite has been demonstrated to reduce the wear and abrasion of tools. The structural response of metal matrix composites (MMC) has been studied recen
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Zhang, Kang, Weizheng An, Pengyu Wei, Qi Yi, and Haining Wang. "Experimental Investigation on Stress Components of the Sealing Structure of Subsea Connectors Under Axial Preloads." In ASME 2024 43rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2024-124596.

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Abstract The sealing performance of subsea connectors plays a vital role in the safe operation of subsea oil and gas production systems, which is directly determined by compression deformations of the gasket of the subsea connector. Therefore, the changing rules of the sealing structural deformations under various axial loads are key problems when designing subsea connector products. In this paper, experimental measurements are performed in order to investigate the structural stresses of the sealing structure of the subsea connector, i.e. the hub and the gasket. As for the real products of the
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Khripkova, D., K. Khripkov, S. Vangorodskaya, G. Gaidukova, and A. Krasovskyi. "Methods of Analysis of Demographic Behavior of the Population of Rural Territories as a Necessary Element of Overcoming Depopulation and Reproduction of Russian Society." In International scientific and practical conference “Smart cities and sustainable development of regions” (SMARTGREENS 2024). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.63550/iceip.2025.1.1.076.

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The article examines the features of the analysis of demographic behavior of the population of rural areas. It is indicated that currently there is an objective need to develop an interdisciplinary and systematic approach to the analysis of demographic behavior, its structural elements, clarification of the methodological foundations, as well as the theoretical justification of the mechanisms for regulating this process. This task is especially relevant for rural areas. It is noted that the demographic behavior of the population of rural areas is influenced by specific factors, primarily relat
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Chen, Junmin, Nataliya Stoyanets, and Zetao Hu. "RESEARCH ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RURAL ENDOGENOUS DEVELOPMENT ABILITY BASED ON TOBIT MODEL." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.231.

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Cultivating and digging the endogenous power of rural development is the basis of sustainable rural development. The article sets explanatory variables from the perspective of social network structure theory, and constructs a Tobit multiple regression empirical model that affect rural endogenous ability. The study found that the amount of social structural holes, the strength of weak ties, the role of village committees, and the quality of village cadres have a significant positive effect on the improvement of rural endogenous capabilities. Accordingly, it is recommended that Henan region crea
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Reports on the topic "Structurally weak regions"

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Lupu, Noam. Weak Parties and the Inequality Trap in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012891.

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Latin America is widely acknowledged as one of the most unequal regions of the world (Sánchez-Ancochea 2021). But it is also one of the most democratic, certainly as compared to other developing regions. These two facts seem difficult to reconcile. Both folk theories of democratic representation to borrow a phrase from (Achen and Bartels 2016) and canonical models in political economy would have us believe that democracies ought to reduce inequality through redistribution (e.g., Acemoglu and Robinson 2006; Meltzer and Richard 1981; Romer 1975). As inequality increases, the proportion of the po
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Nugent, Stevonne, Sasha Baxter, Karl Alexander Melgarejo, et al. Caribbean Region Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 2: Issue 3: August 2013. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008086.

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The Caribbean Region Quarterly Bulletin provides economic conjunctural and structural information about this particular region. This issue highlights the real growth that remained weak during the first half of 2013 in The Bahamas, Barbados and Jamaica. On the other hand, Guyana and Suriname are expected to outperform the region with an average growth rate of 5% in 2013. There are some signs of recovery in Trinidad and Tobago, however, growth in the energy sector has not taken off yet.
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Gomez Osorio, Camillo, Cherran O'Brien, Jeetendra Khadan, Chrystol Thomas, Juan Pedro Schmid, and Mark D. Wenner. Caribbean Region Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 4: Issue 3: October 2015. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008110.

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The Caribbean Region Quarterly Bulletin discusses recent economic developments in the 6 IDB-member Caribbean countries, as well as the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The countries are: The Bahamas, Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago. In the Special Country Reports, we look at credit ratings in the Caribbean. In line with challenging economic developments, credit ratings have been under pressure in several Caribbean countries. Weak fiscal situations, structural current account deficits, and vulnerability to external shocks all have put pressure on the
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Hille, Carsten, Daria Morcinczyk-Meier, Sarah Schneider, and Dana Mietzner. From InnoMix to University–Industry Collaboration: Fostering Exchange at Eye Level. Technische Hochschule Wildau, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15771/innohub_1.

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In this paper, we address a specific tool—InnoMix—that is implemented to overcome the lack of university–industry interaction in a selected region facing structural change with its corresponding impact on the economy and society. InnoMix is facilitated and implemented by university-based transfer scouts who act as mediators and translators between the players of the regional innovation system. These transfer scouts are part of the Innovation Hub 13, in which the region’s partners and stakeholders, infrastructures and competencies are systematically networked with each other to set new impulses
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Rodríguez-Clare, Andrés. Innovation and Technology Adoption in Central America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010839.

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In spite of deep structural reforms, Central American countries have failed to experience rapid and stable growth in recent years. This paper explores whether and to what extent we can consider lack of innovation and technology adoption as a main reason for this disappointing experience. The paper starts by documenting that technology adoption and innovation are indeed very low, and then turns to a more qualitative and eclectic analysis drawing on interviews and case studies to try to understand the reasons for this. Four hypotheses are explored: weak intellectual property rights, low competit
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Kelly, Luke. Lessons from the Refugee Response in Eastern Chad Since 2003. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.009.

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This rapid evidence review finds that there has been little progress on increasing refugee self-reliance in east Chad, but there is evidence on the barriers to and likely drivers of greater self-reliance. Lessons from protection efforts focus on the need to adequately address the range of protection threats and the structural drivers of insecurity, and agreement between Chadian and outside security actors. The review focuses on refugees from Sudan in Eastern Chad since 2003, and excludes internally displaced persons, or refugees in other parts of Chad. The review finds that the key factors beh
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Reeher, Lauren J. Interim Geologic Map of the Kamas Quadrangle, Summit and Wasatch Counties, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-763.

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The Kamas 7.5′ quadrangle is in the Wasatch back valleys about 30 miles (50 km) east of Salt Lake City, Utah. The quadrangle is centered over the north-south-trending Kamas Valley and contains the cities of Kamas and Oakley, and the town of Peoa. Kamas Valley is situated between the foothills of the Uinta Mountains to the east and the West Hills of the Keetley volcanic f ield to the west. The Kamas region is part of the Middle Rocky Mountains physiographic province, located at the juxtaposition of several key tectonic features. A major tectonic trend known as the Cheyenne Belt runs east-west a
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Schijman, Agustina, Yuri Soares, Ronald Myers, and Chloe Fevre. IDB-9: Review of the IDB Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare Strategy. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010527.

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This paper reviews the 2011 Sector Strategy on Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare (SIGS) of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or Bank). The Strategy was produced as a requirement of the IDB-9 agreement. The review finds that the Strategy replicates a number of patterns observed in prior sector strategies. SIGS represents the first time that the Bank uses a modern definition of institutions; however, the concept of institutions is not incorporated as a guiding principle for setting priorities. Like other strategies, SIGS largely reflects the current work of the Bank, and also re
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Some complex approaches to training micro-cycles formation among cadetsweightlifters taking into account biotypes. Ilyas N. Ibragimov, Zinaida M. Kuznetsova, Ilsiyar Sh. Mutaeva, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-1-39-46.

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Training cadets-weightlifters at all stages has a multipurpose orientation, that is why it is important to define and plan a rational combination of the training means use. Distribution of such micro structures in the cycle of training, as the days, months of training, provides effective volume, intensity and other values of physical load distribution. The structure of training cadets-weightlifters is based on taking into account the regularities and principles of sports training as the condition for physical readiness and working capacity increase. Any power oriented sports demands components
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