Journal articles: 'Structure cognitive'

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McRobbie, Campbell J. "Cognitive styles and cognitive structure." Science Education 75, no. 2 (April 1991): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730750207.

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Latorre Postigo, José Miguel, Marta Nieto López, María Antonia Font Payeras, Laura Ros Segura, Jesús Heras, and Jorge Javier Ricarte Trives. "Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire: Factor structure and psychometric properties." Anales de Psicología 36, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.397711.

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La evitación cognitiva se refiere a las estrategias y esfuerzos dirigidos a prevenir experiencias negativas y eventos aversivos que provocan ansiedad. El presente estudio analizó la estructura factorial y las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Cuestionario de evitación cognitiva (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), un instrumento que evalúa cinco estrategias de evitación cognitiva relacionadas con la preocupación. La traducción al español se administró a una muestra no clínica de 614 participantes (18-82 años). La escala total y las subescalas mostraron una consistencia interna de buena a excelente. Utilizando el análisis factorial confirmatorio, un modelo de cinco factores mostró un buen ajuste entre la estructura teórica y los datos empíricos. Se obtuvo evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante a través del análisis de las correlaciones del cuestionario con medidas de preocupación, supresión del pensamiento, rumiación y estilos de afrontamiento. Los resultados arrojaron datos preliminares satisfactorios sobre la adaptación española del CAQ, que podría proporcionar mayores avances en la práctica clínica y la investigación sobre procesos cognitivos y trastornos de ansiedad. Cognitive avoidance refers to strategies and efforts toward prevention of aversive experiences and events that provoke anxiety. The present study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), an instrument that assesses five worry-related cognitive avoidance strategies. The Spanish translation was administered to a non-clinical sample of 614 participants (18-82 years). The total scale and subscales showed good to excellent internal consistency. Using confirmatory factor analysis, a five-factor model showed a good fit between the theoretical structure and the empirical data. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was obtained through analysis of the correlations of the questionnaire with measures of worry, thought suppression, rumination and coping styles. The results yielded satisfactory preliminary data on the Spanish adaptation of the CAQ, which could provide for further advances in clinical practice and research on cognitive processes and anxiety disorders.

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Schmiedek, Florian, Martin Lövdén, Timo von Oertzen, and Ulman Lindenberger. "Within-person structures of daily cognitive performance differ from between-person structures of cognitive abilities." PeerJ 8 (June 9, 2020): e9290. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9290.

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Over a century of research on between-person differences has resulted in the consensus that human cognitive abilities are hierarchically organized, with a general factor, termed general intelligence or “g,” uppermost. Surprisingly, it is unknown whether this body of evidence is informative about how cognition is structured within individuals. Using data from 101 young adults performing nine cognitive tasks on 100 occasions distributed over six months, we find that the structures of individuals’ cognitive abilities vary among each other, and deviate greatly from the modal between-person structure. Working memory contributes the largest share of common variance to both between- and within-person structures, but the g factor is much less prominent within than between persons. We conclude that between-person structures of cognitive abilities cannot serve as a surrogate for within-person structures. To reveal the development and organization of human intelligence, individuals need to be studied over time.

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Lei, Linan, Xiaobo Wu, and Ziyan Tan. "The growth of hidden champions in China: a cognitive explanation from integrated view." Chinese Management Studies 14, no. 3 (March 23, 2020): 613–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-06-2019-0206.

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Purpose There is a research gap in strategic management regarding the complement from managerial cognition literature to the behavioral theory of firm, as well as linkage between cognitive structure and cognitive process of strategy formulation in the field of managerial cognition, which also calls for further exploration. The purpose of this paper is to construct a model from an integrated view for explaining the process of cognitive reconstruction under incremental changes. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research is conducted in the form of 17 semi-structured interviews in four hidden champions operating in China. Based on the model generated from the literature review, this paper adopts the abductive logic for data analysis. Findings This paper draws the following conclusions. The cognitive structure is shaped by the changing environment and the performance feedback, the variance in structural attributes will affect whether the changing environment destructs the effectiveness of original cognitive structure or not, the centrality of cognitive structure will promote the efficiency of tried-and-true organizational adaptations to incremental changes, and cognitive structure reconstruction is the result of the recursive process of trial-and-error learning. Originality/value This paper proposes the model explaining the interaction mechanisms between cognitive structure and strategy formulation process. It also presents the iterative sense-making process for reconstructing cognitive structure in strategy formulation. Both of them extend the understanding on managerial cognition in organizational adaptations to incremental environmental changes.

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McCollum, Gin. "More mathematics: Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 4 (December 1997): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97401589.

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Although the idea that cognitive structure changes as we learn is welcome, a variety of mathematical structures are needed to model the neural and cognitive processes involved. A specific example of bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence is given, building on a formalism given elsewhere. As the structure of cognition changes, previous learning can become tacit, adding to the complexity of cognition and its modeling.

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Cavazos, Jenel T., and Nicole Judice Campbell. "Cognitive style revisited: The structure X cognition interaction." Personality and Individual Differences 45, no. 6 (October 2008): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.06.001.

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Zhao, Guo Sheng, Lin Li, Lin Yang Sheng, Jian Wang, and Nan Zhang. "A Structure of Cognitive Unit for Survivable System." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1917–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1917.

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A structure of cognitive unit for survivable system was proposed. Firstly, a hierarchical cognitive structure of survivable system with multilayer cognition function was established, the hierarchical cognitive structure was divided into three planes. Secondly, a cognitive unit structure based on monitor-decide-execute was put forward which has a certain degree of self-management ability, on the basis, introduced the extended cognitive unit structure. Then, a performance analyzing framework of cognitive structure was built to describe the structure and behavior of cognitive process.

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Khoshbakht, Sahel, Arsalan Golfam, Alie Kord Zaferanloo Kamboozia, and Ferdows Aghagolzadeh. "Conceptualization of Persian Relative Structure in Cognitive Grammar." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 8, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 1255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v8i1.6406.

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Abstract In the cognitive approach to linguistics, language is considered as a part of the cognitive system which mirrors the conceptual organization as well as the world within the speakers' mind. According to this view, the outside world experience is reflected in the language structure and language forms. This modern approach includes a variety of principles, perspectives, assumptions and models, among which the Cognitive Grammar Model is recognized as the most noticeable one. This grammar considers a symbolic nature for a language which symbolizes the meaning and thought. On the other hand, relativization as a notion in every individual's mind and cognition is considered as a universal manifested in all languages. Thus, the present research tries to clarify the conceptualization and symbolization of Persian relative structure from the cognitive point of view and by the use of cognitive means. It, also studies different types of relative structures in Persian, on the basis of Langacker (2008) model and differentiates the restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses in Persian. The methodology used in the analysis of this research is the descriptive-analytical methodology. For the data collection, the corpus methodology is used and examples of Persian relative structures are studied. The present research findings show that Persian conceptualization of the relative structures can be clarified in the cognitive approach and Persian relative structures can be studied on the basis of Langacker model.

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Nelson, Katherine. "Cognitive Structure: A Component of Cognitive Context." Psychological Inquiry 2, no. 2 (April 1991): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0202_25.

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Li, Linze. "A Cognitive Study of the NP+de(的)+VP Structure in Mandarin." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1101.08.

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The article presents a cognitive account of the NP+de(的) +VP structure in Mandarin. By making its syntactic functions and cognitive motivations explicit, it shows that the relationship between the constituents of the structure is subject-predicate rather than modifier-head as claimed by previous studies. Based on the new proposals that the structure is exocentric and the particle de is a nominalizing infix, the article offers a possible solution for the long-debated contradiction between the overall nominal functions of the structure and its constituents’ verbal part of speech. We conclude that a cognitive linguistic approach to analyzing structures in Mandarin can be useful in producing a picture of the formation of the structures and revealing how they are cognitively motivated. This study contributes to the development of cognitive studies on Chinese grammar and sheds light on Chinese language instruction in the long run.

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Berestnev, G. I. "Cognitive Structure of Randomness." Nauchnyi dialog 1, no. 7 (July 29, 2021): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-7-27-44.

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The cognitive structure of randomness, which is of research interest for modern cognitive linguistics is considered. It has the explanatory property — an explanation of the deep mechanisms of phenomena that allow meaningful interpretation. The goal, first outlined in linguistics, the identification of deep cognitive characteristics in the structure of thought about randomness in the Russian and Indo-European linguistic mentality with the involvement of typological data is being realized. The methodological basis of the research was made up of a complex of analytical techniques that make it possible to reconstruct the deep content structures of the human cognitive sphere on the basis of the surface semantic data of the language. The analysis of the motivation of words with the semantics of randomness in related and unrelated languages made it possible to establish that the revealed cognitive structure of randomness is not strictly universal and, in some aspects, turns out to be culturally conditioned. It is noted that the cognitive principle of thinking about randomness is complex, but diffuse in nature. It points to the explanatory power of modern linguistics, which is open to entering broad interdisciplinary spheres. It is concluded that the results of this study are of interdisciplinary significance and are relevant for modern fundamental sciences.

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Girault, Jessica B., Emil Cornea, Barbara D. Goldman, Shaili C. Jha, Veronica A. Murphy, Gang Li, Li Wang, et al. "Cortical Structure and Cognition in Infants and Toddlers." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 786–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz126.

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ABSTRACTCortical structure has been consistently related to cognitive abilities in children and adults, yet we know little about how the cortex develops to support emergent cognition in infancy and toddlerhood when cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) are maturing rapidly. In this report, we assessed how regional and global measures of CT and SA in a sample (N = 487) of healthy neonates, 1-year-olds, and 2-year-olds related to motor, language, visual reception, and general cognitive ability. We report novel findings that thicker cortices at ages 1 and 2 and larger SA at birth, age 1, and age 2 confer a cognitive advantage in infancy and toddlerhood. While several expected brain–cognition relationships were observed, overlapping cortical regions were also implicated across cognitive domains, suggesting that infancy marks a period of plasticity and refinement in cortical structure to support burgeoning motor, language, and cognitive abilities. CT may be a particularly important morphological indicator of ability, but its impact on cognition is relatively weak when compared with gestational age and maternal education. Findings suggest that prenatal and early postnatal cortical developments are important for cognition in infants and toddlers but should be considered in relation to other child and demographic factors.

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Huang, Weiwei, Huajin Tang, and Bo Tian. "Vision enhanced neuro-cognitive structure for robotic spatial cognition." Neurocomputing 129 (April 2014): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2013.03.048.

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Cohen, Annabel J. "Music cognition and the cognitive psychology of film structure." Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne 43, no. 4 (2002): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0086918.

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Corbera, Silvia, Bruce E. Wexler, Satoru Ikezawa, and Morris D. Bell. "Factor Structure of Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: Is Empathy Preserved?" Schizophrenia Research and Treatment 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/409205.

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Social cognitive impairments are core features of schizophrenia and are closely associated with poor functional outcome. This study sought to identify specific aspects of social cognition and their relationships to measures of social function, quality of life, and neurocognition. Principal component analysis was performed using social cognitive measures in patients with schizophrenia and healthy matched controls and revealed three factors: Interpersonal Discomfort, Basic Social Cognition, and Empathy. Patients had higher scores on Interpersonal Discomfort and lower scores on Basic Social Cognition than controls, but the two groups were the same on Empathy. Lower social performance was significantly correlated with poor Basic Social Cognition in patients and with high Interpersonal Discomfort in controls. While neurocognition was significantly associated with Basic Social Cognition in both groups, it was not associated with Empathy. Social cognitive interventions should emphasize improving basic social cognitive processing deficits, managing Interpersonal Discomfort, and utilizing preserved capacity for empathy as a potential strength in social interactions.

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Cash, Alice H., Rif S. El-Mallakh, Kerry Chamberlain, Jennifer Z. Bratton, and Rena Li. "Structure of Music May Influence Cognition." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 1 (February 1997): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.1.66.

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Classical music has been said to enhance cognition, which effect may be related to musical structure. 19 subjects who listened to highly structured music scored somewhat higher afterwards on cognitive performance than the 15 who listened to less structured music. Since this did not reach statistical significance, other as yet unidentified factors may also be involved.

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Arkhipova, E. I., and Yu V. Zheleznova. "COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF MARKETING TERMS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 29, no. 5 (October 25, 2019): 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2019-29-5-773-777.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of marketing terms from the standpoint of anthropocentric and cognitive approaches. The first approach postulates the primacy of man as a subject of cognition over the language system in a broad sense. The cognitive approach is aimed at identifying ways of classifying, categorizing and mastering the world in human cognitive activity. The cognitive aspects of the English-language marketing terms are described. It emphasizes the ability to structure the term system of marketing from the point of view of frame theory. Examples of frame structures are given and cognitive categories of terminological marketing systems are highlighted.

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Zhu, Yanfei, Jie Gu, Yun Lin, Mo Chen, Qi Guo, Xiaoxi Du, and Chengqi Xue. "Field Cognitive Styles on Visual Cognition in the Event Structure Design of Bivariate Interactive Dorling Cartogram—The Similarities and Differences of Field-Independent and Field-Dependent Users." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11110574.

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As a simple, discontinuous, surface deformation statistical map, Dorling cartograms are effective means with which to characterize the geographic distribution of event data attributes. According to existing research, behavioral differences exist in the visual cognition of individuals with different cognitive field styles in the spatial task of switching layers in a two-dimensional electronic map. However, there are few studies that compare the visual cognitive ability of individuals with different cognitive field styles in the cross-layer structure design of Dorling cartogram event information. This paper uses the visual behavior measurement method to analyze the similarities and differences in the visual cognitive ability of two types of individuals, namely, field-independent and field-dependent individuals, in the cross-layer event structure design of Dorling cartograms. We recruited 40 subjects to perform visualization tasks on Dorling cartograms designed with two event structures, and we recorded the visual cognition data for the two types of subjects in both tasks. The results show that the subjects with the field-independent style perform better in the cognition of the Dorling cartogram event structure than the subjects with the field-dependent style, and the “S-T” event structure design is generally more user-friendly than the “T-S” event structure design. Our findings help to provide some references for the event structure design of human-centered Dorling cartograms.

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Siew, Cynthia S. Q., Dirk U. Wulff, Nicole M. Beckage, Yoed N. Kenett, and Ana Meštrović. "Cognitive Network Science: A Review of Research on Cognition through the Lens of Network Representations, Processes, and Dynamics." Complexity 2019 (June 17, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2108423.

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Network science provides a set of quantitative methods to investigate complex systems, including human cognition. Although cognitive theories in different domains are strongly based on a network perspective, the application of network science methodologies to quantitatively study cognition has so far been limited in scope. This review demonstrates how network science approaches have been applied to the study of human cognition and how network science can uniquely address and provide novel insight on important questions related to the complexity of cognitive systems and the processes that occur within those systems. Drawing on the literature in cognitive network science, with a focus on semantic and lexical networks, we argue three key points. (i) Network science provides a powerful quantitative approach to represent cognitive systems. (ii) The network science approach enables cognitive scientists to achieve a deeper understanding of human cognition by capturing how the structure, i.e., the underlying network, and processes operating on a network structure interact to produce behavioral phenomena. (iii) Network science provides a quantitative framework to model the dynamics of cognitive systems, operationalized as structural changes in cognitive systems on different timescales and resolutions. Finally, we highlight key milestones that the field of cognitive network science needs to achieve as it matures in order to provide continued insights into the nature of cognitive structures and processes.

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Eraña, Ángeles, and Sergio Martínez. "The Heuristic Structure of Scientific Knowledge." Journal of Cognition and Culture 4, no. 3-4 (2004): 701–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568537042484878.

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AbstractWe examine two major perspectives in the literature on domain specificity in cognition: in one of them cognitive modules are "intuitive theories"; in the other they are dispositional structures. Both of these positions accept that there is a continuous line from ordinary to scientific reasoning; nevertheless they interpret this continuity differently. We propose an alternative way of understanding the relation between ordinary and scientific reasoning: the continuity thesis holds because heuristic structures play a fundamental role in both types of reasoning. Our main contention is that cognitive modules can be thought of as heuristic structures and that, since science is a complex of practices that embody different heuristic structures, science should be understood as a complex of cognitive modules.

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Colby, B. N., Andrew Ortony, Gerald L. Clore, and Allan Collins. "The Cognitive Structure of Emotions." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 6 (November 1989): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2074241.

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Neimeyer, Robert A., Kathleen J. Bagley, and Marlin K. Moore. "Cognitive structure and death anxiety." Death Studies 10, no. 3 (May 1986): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07481188608252823.

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Reimer, Jason F., Gabriel A. Radvansky, Thomas C. Lorsbach, and Joseph J. Armendarez. "Event structure and cognitive control." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 41, no. 5 (2015): 1374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000105.

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Freeman, Linton C., A. Kimball Romney, and Sue C. Freeman. "Cognitive Structure and Informant Accuracy." American Anthropologist 89, no. 2 (June 1987): 310–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1987.89.2.02a00020.

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Aragones, J. I., and J. M. Arredondo. "Structure of urban cognitive maps." Journal of Environmental Psychology 5, no. 2 (June 1985): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-4944(85)80017-7.

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Breyer, Daniel. "The Structure of Cognitive Agency." Acta Analytica 31, no. 3 (December 23, 2015): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12136-015-0279-3.

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Gauld, Colin. "Student beliefs and cognitive structure." Research in Science Education 17, no. 1 (December 1987): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02357175.

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Arbib, Michael A. "The cognitive structure of emotions." Artificial Intelligence 54, no. 1-2 (March 1992): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(92)90091-b.

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Yu, Ning. "Hong Gao, The physical foundation of the patterning of physical action verbs: A study of Chinese verbs. (Travaux de L'Institut de Linguistique de Lund, 41.) Lund, Sweden: Lund University, 2001. Pp. xiv, 265. NP." Language in Society 32, no. 3 (June 2003): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004740450327305x.

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This book presents a semantic study of Chinese physical action verbs from a cognitive perspective. The study seeks to understand the cognitive basis of language by uncovering the relationship between language structure and cognitive structure, and to demonstrate “how cognitive, perceptual, or experiential facts constrain or otherwise determines the linguistic facts” (p. 230). In its semantic analysis of physical action verbs, the study illustrates the role of body parts in the semantic construction of the verbs depicting the physical actions performed by those body parts. In the discussion of relationships between language construction and human body action, the book's central argument is that the event structures of physical action verbs are constructed not arbitrarily but through systematic cognitive processes in relation to both human physical reality and concrete reality in the world. By explicating linguistic structure on the basis of human cognition and human experience, the author attempts to verify that the categorizations of language entities reveal, to a large extent, the nature of human experience and perception of physical reality. The assumption is that the nature of linguistic richness in both semantic and syntactic structures is a reflection of the development of human perception of the experiential reality.

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Zhu, Jian-Qiao, Pablo León-Villagrá, Nick Chater, and Adam N. Sanborn. "Understanding the structure of cognitive noise." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): e1010312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010312.

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Human cognition is fundamentally noisy. While routinely regarded as a nuisance in experimental investigation, the few studies investigating properties of cognitive noise have found surprising structure. A first line of research has shown that inter-response-time distributions are heavy-tailed. That is, response times between subsequent trials usually change only a small amount, but with occasional large changes. A second, separate, line of research has found that participants’ estimates and response times both exhibit long-range autocorrelations (i.e., 1/f noise). Thus, each judgment and response time not only depends on its immediate predecessor but also on many previous responses. These two lines of research use different tasks and have distinct theoretical explanations: models that account for heavy-tailed response times do not predict 1/f autocorrelations and vice versa. Here, we find that 1/f noise and heavy-tailed response distributions co-occur in both types of tasks. We also show that a statistical sampling algorithm, developed to deal with patchy environments, generates both heavy-tailed distributions and 1/f noise, suggesting that cognitive noise may be a functional adaptation to dealing with a complex world.

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Sammer, Gebhard, and Eva Lenz. "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Brain Structure." GeroPsych 33, no. 2 (May 2020): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000226.

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Abstract. MoCA is a short cognitive screening tool. We examined the relationship of MoCA performance to white matter integrity, gray matter volume, and surface-based measurements at normal aging in a study in which older and younger cognitively unaffected subjects participated. The sample was split according to MoCA performance, and the data were analyzed using a general linear model (Age × MoCA). We found effects in the expected direction for all methods. The main effects on age and performance as well as interactions occurred for regions associated with aging, pathological and nonpathological. Older low-performing subjects showed structural deficits compared to older high-performing subjects. Therefore, the global index of cognitive status reflects relevant features of the brain structure.

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Farah, Martha J., Saul Sternberg, Thomas A. Nichols, Jeffrey T. Duda, Terry Lohrenz, Yi Luo, Libbie Sonnier, Sharon L. Ramey, Read Montague, and Craig T. Ramey. "Randomized Manipulation of Early Cognitive Experience Impacts Adult Brain Structure." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 33, no. 6 (May 1, 2021): 1197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01709.

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Abstract Does early exposure to cognitive and linguistic stimulation impact brain structure? Or do genetic predispositions account for the co-occurrence of certain neuroanatomical phenotypes and a tendency to engage children in cognitively stimulating activities? Low socioeconomic status infants were randomized to either 5 years of cognitively and linguistically stimulating center-based care or a comparison condition. The intervention resulted in large and statistically significant changes in brain structure measured in midlife, particularly for male individuals. These findings are the first to extend the large literature on cognitive enrichment effects on animal brains to humans, and to demonstrate the effects of uniquely human features such as linguistic stimulation.

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YENER, Yeşim, and Muhammed Erkam İNAN. "Cognitive Structure of Precervice Primary School Teachers for Basic Biology Concepts." Acta Didactica Napocensia 15, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 142–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/adn.15.1.12.

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"This study aimed to determine the cognitive structures of preservice primary school teachers for basic biology concepts using Word Association Test (WAT). The study group consists of 50 preservice teachers studying in a university in Western Black Sea Region in Turkey. Four separate cut-off points were determined and analysed. Organ, living things, microscope were the most common response words. The conceptual network was structured as three different islets that were disconnected from each other at the third cut-off point. The desired conceptual network was formed only when cut-off point was taken further than the last cut-off point, and that these desired interconnections, network structure were formed in some students. It is suggested that this situation should be taken into consideration while determining cognitive structures using WAT and that lecturing should be performed according to the structure of the conceptual network that is desired to be shaped in the students' memory. "

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Rouet, Jean-François. "Interactivité et compatibilité cognitive dans les systèmes hypermédias." Articles 25, no. 1 (October 17, 2007): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031994ar.

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Résumé Le but de cet article est de montrer que l'efficacité des systèmes hypermedias comme outils d'apprentissage dépend de leur compatibilité avec les processus et les représentations cognitives des utilisateurs. Dans un premier temps, la compatibilité cognitive est définie dans le cadre général de l'interaction sujet-ordinateur. Puis cette notion est précisée dans le cas particulier de la lecture-compréhension des documents hypermedias. A partir des recherches psychologiques sur la compréhension, trois facteurs de compatibilité cognitive sont identifiés: la structure rhétorique globale de l'hyperdocument, la cohérence interne et l'intégration multimodale. On en conclut que la conception d'hyperdocuments pour l'apprentissage doit s'inspirer systématiquement, mais non exclusivement, des modèles cognitifs du traitement de l'information complexe.

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Markova, E. M. "STRUCTURE OF COGNITIVE CONTENT AND COGNITIVE KNOWLEDGE OF RUSSIAN VOCABULARY." Учёные записки Петрозаводского государственного университета 44, no. 1 (January 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/uchz.art.2022.720.

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GUAZZINI, ANDREA, DANIELE VILONE, FRANCO BAGNOLI, TIMOTEO CARLETTI, and ROSAPIA LAURO GROTTO. "COGNITIVE NETWORK STRUCTURE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY." Advances in Complex Systems 15, no. 06 (August 2012): 1250084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525912500841.

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In this paper, first we present the experimental results about a small group of people exchanging private and public messages in a virtual community. Our goal is to study the cognitive network that emerges during a chat seance. We used the Derrida coefficient and the triangle structure under the working assumption that moods and perceived mutual affinity can produce results complementary to a full semantic analysis. The most outstanding outcome is the difference between the network obtained considering publicly exchanged messages and the one considering only privately exchanged messages: In the former case, the network is very homogeneous, in the sense that each individual interacts in the same way with all the participants, whilst in the latter the interactions among different agents are very heterogeneous, and are based on "the enemy of my enemy is my friend" strategy. Finally, a recent characterization of the triangular cliques has been considered in order to describe the intimate structure of the network. Experimental results confirm recent theoretical studies indicating that certain three-vertex structures can be used as indicators for the network aging and some relevant dynamical features.

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Li, Yuanmei. "A Cognitive Study of Double-object Constructions in English and Chinese." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1009.17.

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Double-object is a kind of syntactic structure which is common in English and Chinese. In the field of linguistics in China, the similarities and differences between English and Chinese double-object sentences have been discussed and debated. Based on the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper probes into the metaphor cognition, metonymy cognition and both of them in the double-object constructions of English and Chinese, and points out that the double-object constructions in English and Chinese are similar in the above three aspects. However, there are also differences between English and Chinese double-object constructions, which are manifested in the following three aspects: the scope of double-object constructions, the conceptual patterns and the verbs that can enter the double-object constructions. By analyzing the similarities and differences between English and Chinese double-object constructions, it can be concluded that the syntactic structure of English and Chinese objects reflects the conceptual structures of human beings and the ways of cognition of the world, and even the sentence structure containing the same conceptual content will lead to the difference in meaning because of the different cognitive styles of events.

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Serafine, Mary Louise, Noah Glassman, and Cornell Overbeeke. "The Cognitive Reality of Hierarchic Structure in Music." Music Perception 6, no. 4 (1989): 397–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285440.

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Six experiments examined the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure in music. The first experiment showed that subjects were only moderately able to match a performed rendition of a hierarchic structure to the piece of music from which it was derived, with performance slightly better than chance. Metric accent emerged as a significant predictor of the tones perceived by subjects as structurally important. The second experiment showed that subjects' correct matchings were unlikely to be based on aesthetic preference, because performed renditions of (rule-governed) structures were not regarded as aesthetically preferable to nonstructures. The third experiment attempted to increase subjects' matching of structures and their original pieces through various task modifications, but these modifications did not increase performance over the success rate achieved in Experiment 1. Three additional experiments determined whether evidence of the distinction between structureand surface could be obtained in various similarity judgment tasks. Pairs of musical fragments were composed so that the members of each pair embodied (1) the same structure and same surface harmony, or (2) the same structure but different surface harmony, or (3) a different structure but same surface harmony. The rating task used in Experiments 4 and 5 showed that the members of Type-2 pairs of fragments were perceived to be just as similar as the members of Type-1 pairs, but Type-3 pairs were rated significantly lower in similarity. Thus, similarity judgments were based on underlying hierarchic structure, even in the face of radical harmony differences on the surface. This effect increased in strength with repeated hearing. The results support the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure, but are influenced by the type of perception used in a particular similarity judgment task and by the experience of repeated hearings.

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Carley, Kathleen. "An approach for relating social structure to cognitive structure." Journal of Mathematical Sociology 12, no. 2 (August 1986): 137–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022250x.1986.9990010.

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Lam, M., S. L. Collinson, G. K. Eng, A. Rapisarda, M. Kraus, J. Lee, S. A. Chong, and R. S. E. Keefe. "Refining the latent structure of neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 16 (May 22, 2014): 3557–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714001020.

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Background.Elucidating the cognitive architecture of schizophrenia promises to advance understanding of the clinical and biological substrates of the illness. Traditional cross-sectional neuropsychological approaches differentiate impaired from normal cognitive abilities but are limited in their ability to determine latent substructure. The current study examined the latent architecture of abnormal cognition in schizophrenia via a systematic approach.Method.Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out on a large neuropsychological dataset including the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Benton Judgment of Line Orientation Test, and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence matrix reasoning derived from 1012 English-speaking ethnic Chinese healthy controls and 707 schizophrenia cases recruited from in- and out-patient clinics.Results.An initial six-factor model fit cognitive data in healthy and schizophrenia subjects. Further modeling, which accounted for methodological variance between tests, resulted in a three-factor model of executive functioning, vigilance/speed of processing and memory that appeared to best discriminate schizophrenia cases from controls. Factor analytic-derived g estimands and conventionally calculated g showed similar case–control discrimination. However, agreement analysis suggested systematic differences between both g indices.Conclusions.Factor structures derived in the current study were broadly similar to those reported previously. However, factor structures between schizophrenia subjects and healthy controls were different. Roles of factor analytic-derived g estimands and conventional composite score g were further discussed. Cognitive structures underlying cognitive deficits in schizophrenia may prove useful for interrogating biological substrates and enriching effect sizes for subsequent work.

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Matvieieva, Svitlana. "COGNITIVE TERMINOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AS A PROFESSIONAL WORLDVIEW UNIT." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-26-29.

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The article deals with the study of the theoretical basis for distinguishing the category of cognitive terminological structure as a unit of professional consciousness. The study is based on a cognitive approach to understanding the nature of the term, namely, the statement that each term is aligned with a specific cognitive terminological structure, and each cognitive terminological structure is verbalized by the term. The author gives the analysis of existing approaches to understanding the phenomenon of cognitive structure. Based on observations of linguistic terminological material, as well as the results of cognitive studies in various scientific fields, the author offers a new unit of measurement of a person’s cognitive space – a cognitive terminological structure and defines it as a unit of professional consciousness in which a fragment of a professional worldview is concentrated and which has a verbal implementation in the form of a term. The term is explained by the author as a word or phrase, which represents a fragment of a professional worldview through verbalization of cognitive terminological structure within a specific scientific discourse. The mechanism of linguistic reconstruction of a cognitive terminological structure is seen as a process in which a certain term activates a system of concepts (scientific and unscientific) that enrich the explicit meaning of the term with a large number of implicit meanings and ontological representations of which are introduced into a specific array of empirical data; conceptualization in a specific professional discourse takes place, which ensures the theoretical organization of knowledge around the term and instant multidimensional schematization of intra-system inter-conceptual connections within this discourse, that leads to a concentrated fragment of a professional worldview through the established cognitive terminological structure. Such processes ensure the construction of the mental space of a professional worldview in which semantic structures as a result of the cognitive activity of a metalanguage user co-exist.

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Langacker, Ronald W. "A view from cognitive linguistics." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 4 (August 1999): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99392141.

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Barsalou's contribution converges with basic ideas and empirical findings of cognitive linguistics. They posit the same general architecture. The perceptual grounding of conceptual structure is a central tenet of cognitive linguistics. Our capacity to construe the same situation in alternate ways is fundamental to cognitive semantics, and numerous parallels are discernible between conceptual construal and visual perception. Grammar is meaningful, consisting of schematized patterns for the pairing of semantic and phonological structures. The meanings of grammatical elements reside primarily in the construal they impose on conceptual content. This view of linguistic structure appears to be compatible with Barsalou's proposals.

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Atabek-Yigit, Elif. "Can cognitive structure outcomes reveal cognitive styles? A study on the relationship between cognitive styles and cognitive structure outcomes on the subject of chemical kinetics." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 19, no. 3 (2018): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8rp00018b.

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Determination of the relationship between individuals’ cognitive styles and cognitive structure outcomes was the main aim of this study. Sixty-six participants were enrolled in the study and their cognitive styles were determined by using the Hidden Figure Test (for their field dependent/independent dimension of cognitive style) and the Convergent/Divergent Test (for their convergence/divergence dimension of cognitive style). An open-ended questionnaire was formed in order to determine participants’ cognitive structure outcomes. The study topic was chosen as chemical kinetics since it is one of the most difficult topics in chemistry according to many students and also there is limited study in the literature on this topic. Key concepts about chemical kinetics were selected and given to the participants and they were asked to write a text by using the given concepts. A flow map technique was used to reveal participants’ cognitive structure outcomes. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that field independent participants tended to be divergent thinkers while field dependents tended to be convergent thinkers. Also, strong positive relationships between participants’ field dependency/independency and some cognitive structure outcomes (extent and richness) were found. That is, field independents tended to have more extended and richer cognitive structure outcomes. However, the convergence/divergence dimension of cognitive style did not show any correlation with cognitive structure outcomes.

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Claxton, Reid P., and Roger P. McIntyre. "Need for Cognition: Exploratory Relationships with Sibship Structure and Cognitive Style." Psychological Reports 75, no. 3 (December 1994): 1131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3.1131.

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Statistical evidence indicates that need for cognition scores may be linked to the number of male children in the family. Responses from 33 female and 46 male university students indicated that the independent variable of number of male children in the family was related to need for cognition scores. The number of female children was not related. The concept of cognitive style as related to Jungian psychological type theory is discussed as a partial explanation.

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Meyer, Kristina, Werner Sommer, and Andrea Hildebrandt. "Reflections and New Perspectives on Face Cognition as a Specific Socio-Cognitive Ability." Journal of Intelligence 9, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence9020030.

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The study of socio-cognitive abilities emerged from intelligence research, and their specificity remains controversial until today. In recent years, the psychometric structure of face cognition (FC)—a basic facet of socio-cognitive abilities—was extensively studied. In this review, we summarize and discuss the divergent psychometric structures of FC in easy and difficult tasks. While accuracy in difficult tasks was consistently shown to be face-specific, the evidence for easy tasks was inconsistent. The structure of response speed in easy tasks was mostly—but not always—unitary across object categories, including faces. Here, we compare studies to identify characteristics leading to face specificity in easy tasks. The following pattern emerges: in easy tasks, face specificity is found when modeling speed in a single task; however, when modeling speed across multiple, different easy tasks, only a unitary factor structure is reported. In difficult tasks, however, face specificity occurs in both single task approaches and task batteries. This suggests different cognitive mechanisms behind face specificity in easy and difficult tasks. In easy tasks, face specificity relies on isolated cognitive sub-processes such as face identity recognition. In difficult tasks, face-specific and task-independent cognitive processes are employed. We propose a descriptive model and argue for FC to be integrated into common taxonomies of intelligence.

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Newton, Olivia B., and Stephen M. Fiore. "What’s the Difference? Reconciling Knowledge Structure Concepts to Aid AI Development for Human-Machine Teaming." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641267.

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A significant challenge for the development of artificial social intelligence for effective human-machine teams is defining the forms of artificial knowledge structures needed for machine agents to meaningfully engage in collaboration. Relevant to this, individual and shared knowledge structure concepts have been proposed across a variety of disciplines, resulting in a lack of conceptual clarity and impeding their operationalization for human-machine teaming. To reconcile conceptual differences across disciplines and enable the emergence of complex socio-cognitive abilities in machine agents, research is needed to integrate theory on the knowledge structures that underpin complex cognition. Toward this end, we survey research from the cognitive and computational sciences to develop a framework for the systematic application and evaluation of knowledge structure concepts for machine agents in teams. Our approach focuses on contextual factors, specifically the task environment structure and the situation temporality, that can help guide knowledge structure requirements for artificial social intelligence.

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Suharto, Suharto. "The Ability to Understand Concepts: Cognitive Style, Cognitive Structure, Learning Styles and Learning Motivation." PENDIPA Journal of Science Education 5, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.5.1.15-22.

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Mathematics is a compulsory subject in vocational high schools throughout Indonesia. The ability to understand concepts is a competency that must be possessed in mathematics learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that affect the ability to understand mathematical concepts. The variables are cognitive style, cognitive structure, learning style and learning motivation. This is a survey research, with a sample of 100 people. The sample was selected by simple random technique from all vocational high school students in Bengkulu City. The research instrument consisted of five instruments, namely a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts, and four questionnaires of cognitive style, cognitive structure, learning styles and learning motivation questionnaire. The research data were analyzed through path analysis using SPSS and the Lisrel Application Program. The results of this study are the variables of cognitive style, cognitive structure, learning style, and learning motivation have a positive direct effect on the ability to understand mathematical concepts. From this study it can be concluded that the ability to understand mathematical concepts through cognitive styles, cognitive structures, learning styles, and student learning motivation is in a good category.

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Krendl, Anne, and Brea Perry. "SOCIAL COGNITIVE DEFICITS RELATE TO KEY ASPECTS OF OLDER ADULTS' SOCIAL NETWORKS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.953.

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Abstract Social connectedness confers benefits to older adults’ cognition, including slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Social connectedness is facilitated by social cognitive function – how people understand, store, and apply information about others – which declines over the lifespan. We examined whether two core social cognitive skills – face memory and theory of mind (the ability to infer others’ mental states) – predicted older adults’ social network structure and composition. Cognitively normal older adults (OA; N=119) and OA with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD (N=96) completed a social network interview, a face memory task, and a theory of mind measure. Social cognitive deficits were highest among OA with MCI and AD. Face memory predicted network size, whereas theory of mind predicted network composition. Neuroimaging results describing OA’s social cognitive deficits are also discussed. Social cognitive function may be an important intervention target for preserving older adults’ social connectedness.

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Royer, Michael F., Nicolas Guerithault, B. Blair Braden, Melissa N. Laska, and Meg Bruening. "Food Insecurity Is Associated with Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review of Findings across the Life Course." International Journal of Translational Medicine 1, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtm1030015.

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Food insecurity (FI) has negative implications across the life course that include poor health outcomes among both children and adults. However, the behavioral mechanisms by which FI impacts health behaviors are not clear. By understanding how FI is related to cognitive function/brain structure across the life course, we can design more targeted interventions. A systematic literature review was performed by conducting comprehensive database searches in Google Scholar and PubMed. Inclusion criteria required studies to include measures of FI and cognitive function/brain structure in humans. Study sample, design, outcomes, and biases were extracted. In total, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. Cognitive domains included general cognition (n = 13), executive function (n = 10), visuospatial abilities (n = 4), and verbal memory (n = 8). No studies examined brain structure. Most studies (88%) indicated significant inverse associations between FI and cognitive function across all stages of the life course, particularly for general cognition and executive function. Significant inverse associations were observed between FI and either general cognition or executive function among children (n = 3) and adults (n = 12). All studies considered confounding variables; however, given that all were observational, no causality can be inferred from the findings. These findings indicate that FI is related to lower cognitive function across the life course. Research should explore how changes in food security status impacts cognitive function and brain structure to develop optimal FI interventions and improve cognitive health.

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Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E., Vanessa Cropley, Birgitte Fagerlund, Cassandra Wannan, Jason Bruggemann, Rhoshel K. Lenroot, Suresh Sundram, et al. "Cognitive reserve attenuates age-related cognitive decline in the context of putatively accelerated brain ageing in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 9 (July 9, 2019): 1475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719001417.

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AbstractBackgroundIn schizophrenia, relative stability in the magnitude of cognitive deficits across age and illness duration is inconsistent with the evidence of accelerated deterioration in brain regions known to support these functions. These discrepant brain–cognition outcomes may be explained by variability in cognitive reserve (CR), which in neurological disorders has been shown to buffer against brain pathology and minimize its impact on cognitive or clinical indicators of illness.MethodsAge-related change in fluid reasoning, working memory and frontal brain volume, area and thickness were mapped using regression analysis in 214 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 168 healthy controls. In patients, these changes were modelled as a function of CR.ResultsPatients showed exaggerated age-related decline in brain structure, but not fluid reasoning compared to controls. In the patient group, no moderation of age-related brain structural change by CR was evident. However, age-related cognitive change was moderated by CR, such that only patients with low CR showed evidence of exaggerated fluid reasoning decline that paralleled the exaggerated age-related deterioration of underpinning brain structures seen in all patients.ConclusionsIn schizophrenia-spectrum illness, CR may negate ageing effects on fluid reasoning by buffering against pathologically exaggerated structural brain deterioration through some form of compensation. CR may represent an important modifier that could explain inconsistencies in brain structure – cognition outcomes in the extant literature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Structure cognitive'

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