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1
Holmquist, Johan. "Formalisation of edit operations for structure editors." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5946.
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<p>Although several systems with structure editors have been built, no model exist to formally describe the edit operations used in such editors. This thesis introduces such a model --- a formalism to describe general structure edit operations for text oriented documents. The model allows free bottom-up editing for any tree-based structural document with a textual content. It can also handle attribute and erroneous structures. Some classes of common structures have been identified and structure editor specifications constructed for them, which can be used and combined in the creation of other structure editors.</p>
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Duffy, Sandra Lee. "PEDIT-- a resident structure editor for PROLOG." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9833.
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Ritchie, Brian. "The design and implementation of an interactive proof editor." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6607.
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This thesis describes the design and implementation of the IPE, an interactive proof editor for first-order intuitionistic predicate calculus, developed at the University of Edinburgh during 1983-1986, by the author together with John Cartmell and Tatsuya Hagino. The IPE uses an attribute grammar to maintain the state of its proof tree as a context-sensitive structure. The interface allows free movement through the proof structure, and encourages a "proof-byexperimentation" approach, since no proof step is irrevocable. We describe how the IPE's proof rules can be derived from natural deduction rules for first-order intuitionistic logic, how these proof rules are encoded as an attribute grammar, and how the interface is constructed on top of the grammar. Further facilities for the manipulation of the IPE's proof structures are presented, including a notion of IPE-tactic for their automatic construction. We also describe an extension of the IPE to enable the construction and use of simply-structured collections of axioms and results, the main provision here being an interactive "theory browser" which looks for facts which match a selected problem.
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Fouilleul, Martin. "Un environnement de programmation temporelle pour le spectacle vivant et les installations artistiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS016.
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Le temps est un aspect fondamental de tout spectacle vivant, et de bon nombre d’installations artistiques. Les dispositifs techniques participent à un riche réseau d'interactions temporelles avec les interprètes humains et le public. Dans ce contexte, les techniciens et les artistes ont besoin d’outils pour planifier et contrôler les scénarios temporels de leurs œuvres. Dans ce travail, nous présentons un environnement appelé Quadrant, destiné à concevoir et mettre en œuvre des scénarios temporels. Ces scénarios peuvent être utilisés pour piloter divers aspects techniques de spectacles, comme lancer des sons ou des vidéos, contrôler des lumières, etc. Nous explorons une approche hybride entre un langage de programmation et un logiciel de conduite de spectacle. Cet environnement comporte un éditeur structuré opérant sur un arbre de syntaxe combinant des éléments textuels et graphiques. Ceci permet de spécifier algorithmiquement des scénarios, tout en exprimant des transformations temporelles continues grâce à des courbes de tempo. Les scénarios sont compilés à la volée vers un bytecode exécuté par une machine virtuelle. Un ordonnanceur coopératif organise l’exécution de flux concurrents le long d'axes temporels multiples, utilisant des dates et des délais symboliques. Le temps symbolique est traduit en temps réel par le biais de courbes de tempo, pour lesquelles nous fournissons un formalisme en termes d'équations différentielles. La machine virtuelle fournit un flux d'informations à l'éditeur, qui peut ainsi afficher ces informations directement dans le code du programme. Ceci permet à l'utilisateur de visualiser la progression du scénario pendant la performance<br>Temporality is a critical aspect of live shows and art installations. Technical artifacts and processes participate in a rich network of temporal interactions with the human performers and/or the audience. In this context, technicians and artists need tools to plan and control the temporal scenarios of their show or installation. In this work we present Quadrant, a programming environment for designing and performing temporal scenarios. Such scenarios can be used to drive various technical aspects of live shows and art installations, such as audio and video playback, lights, or mechatronics. We explore a hybrid approach aimed at bridging the gap between a programming language and a show controller. Our environment features a structure editor operating on a syntax tree that combines textual tokens and user interface widgets. This allows specifying scenarios algorithmically, while expressing continuous time transformations using graphical curves. Scenarios are compiled on-the-fly into a bytecode run by a virtual machine. A cooperative scheduler organizes the execution of concurrent flows along multiple time axes, using abstract dates and delays. Abstract time is mapped onto wall-clock time through the use of time transformations, specified as tempo curves, for which we provide a formalism in terms of differential equations. Tempo curves can be built from cubic Bézier curves. The virtual machine feeds back execution informations to the structure editor, which uses it to highlight executed statements and display progress wheels and status icons directly in the code. This allows an operator to easily monitor the progression and the temporality of the scenarios
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Cervone, Luca. "Parametric editors for structured documents." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6196/.
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Lo scopo di questa dissertazione è di identificare le tecnologie più appropriate per la creazione di editor parametrici per documenti strutturati e di descrivere LIME, un editor di markup parametrico e indipendente dal linguaggio. La recente evoluzione delle tecnologie XML ha portato ad un utilizzo sempre più consistente di documenti strutturati. Oggigiorno, questi vengono utilizzati sia per scopi tipografici sia per l’interscambio di dati nella rete
internet. Per questa ragione, sempre più persone hanno a che fare con documenti XML nel lavoro quotidiano. Alcuni dialetti XML, tuttavia, non sono semplici da comprendere e da utilizzare e, per questo motivo, si rendono necessari
editor XML che possano guidare gli autori di documenti XML durante tutto il processo di markup. In alcuni contesti, specialmente in quello dell’informatica giuridica, sono
stati introdotti i markup editor, software WYSIWYG che assistono l’utente nella creazione di documenti corretti. Questi editor possono essere utilizzati anche da persone che non conoscono a fondo XML ma, d’altra parte, sono
solitamente basati su uno specifico linguaggio XML. Questo significa che sono necessarie molte risorse, in termini di programmazione, per poterli adattare ad altri linguaggi XML o ad altri contesti.
Basando l’architettura degli editor di markup su parametri, è possibile progettare e sviluppare software che non dipendono da uno specifico linguaggio XML e che possono essere personalizzati al fine di utilizzarli in svariati
contesti.
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Meniconi, Fabrizio. "L'integrazione di un algoritmo di Operational Transformation in un editor strutturato." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19633/.
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Nei sistemi di editing collaborativo Real-Time più utenti si trovano ad apportare modifiche ad uno stesso documento contemporaneamente. Queste modifiche, a volte, possono riguardare la stessa porzione di testo ed entrare in conflitto tra di loro. La gestione di questi conflitti tra operazioni concorrenti rappresenta un problema di cruciale importanza in quanto, se affrontato inadeguatamente, può portare a stati incoerenti del modello di dati condiviso tra gli utenti connessi al sistema.
Operational Transformation è una tecnologia che permette la risoluzione di conflitti in ambienti di collaborazione real-time per l’editing di documenti testuali, proponendo una serie di metodologie e proprietà che permettono di risolvere queste problematiche in maniera efficiente senza appesantire troppo il sistema.
Un ulteriore grado di complessità si aggiunge quando si parla di editor strutturati. In questi sistemi, infatti, le operazioni non riguardano solo il contenuto testuale, ma anche elementi di layout, dimensioni dei caratteri e metadati. Più modifiche possono essere apportate contemporaneamente dallo stesso sistema, assumendo un significato semanticamente più complesso di una semplice operazione di cancellazione o di inserimento di testo.
Per questo motivo, dopo l'approfondimento degli aspetti teorici di OT, mi sono cimentato nella realizzazione di un algoritmo di Operational Transformation in un editor strutturato.
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Forss, Mattias, and Johan Hjalmarsson. "Utveckling av en arketypeditor : Ett verktyg för modellering av struktur i elektroniska patientjournaler." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6205.
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<p>Dagens elektroniska patientjournalsystem har begränsade möjligheter att på likartat sätt strukturera och lagra patientinformation. Det är en anledning till att det är problem med att utbyta patientjournaldata mellan olika system. Detta försvårar bland annat forskning och tillgänglighet till patientinformation. Brist på tillgänglighet minskar i sin tur möjligheten att ge en god vård oberoende av var patienten befinner sig.</p><p>Inom projektet openEHR har en idé med så kallade arketyper tagits fram som ett enhetligt sätt att strukturera utbytbar patientjournaldata för att möta framtida krav på patientjournaler och patientjournalsystem. Arketyper är formella modeller av kliniska informationsentiteter, exempelvis blodtryck. De byggs upp av restriktioner, struktur och termer med eventuella bindningar till medicinska terminologisystem. Dessutom kopplas medicinsk kunskap i arketyperna fri från journalsystemen.</p><p>Syftet med examensarbetet har varit att utveckla ett verktyg, en så kallad arketypeditor, som kan användas för att skapa och redigera arketyper. Utöver detta skulle möjligheterna undersökas att i verktyget implementera en koppling till medicinska terminologisystem. Utvecklingen har skett i en iterativ process med fokus på användbarhet och stabilitet. Det har även ingått att ta reda på syftet med en arketypeditor.</p><p>Resultatet är ett plattformsoberoende och stabilt verktyg som är utvecklat enligt användbarhetsprinciper med koppling till terminologisystemet Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). En arketypeditors syfte i ett bredare perspektiv är att lösa brister i dagens medicinska informationssystem som tas upp i denna rapport. Trots att openEHR-projektet är nytt finns det många tekniskt gångbara idéer, men det finns även problem som beror på för lite praktisk testning och tillämpning.</p><br><p>Present-day electronic health record systems have limited possibilities to structure and store patient information in a similarly manner. This causes problems with exchanging patient record data between different systems and it gives rise to problems with, among other things, research and patient information availability. Lack of availability will in turn decrease the possibility of giving good care irrespective of where the patient is located.</p><p>Within the openEHR project an idea with so called archetypes has been introduced as a uniform way to structure exchangeable patient record data in order to meet future requirements on electronic health records and systems. Archetypes are formal models of clinical information entities, for example blood pressure. They are constructed from constraints, structure and terms which may have bindings to medical terminology systems. Furthermore, medical knowledge in the archetypes is separated from the patient record systems.</p><p>The purpose of the thesis has been to develop a tool, a so called archetype editor, that can be used to create and edit archetypes. In addition, the possibilities of implementing a connection to medical terminology systems should be explored. The development has followed an iterative process with focus on stability and usability. Another task has also been to find out the purpose with an archetype editor.</p><p>The result is a platform-independent and stable tool, developed according to usability principles with a connection to the terminology system Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). An archetype editor’s purpose in a wider perspective is to solve shortcomings in medical information systems of today, which are brought up in this thesis. Although the openEHR project is new, there are many technically applicable ideas but also problems because of insufficient practical testing and application.</p>
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Choo, Christina. "Trend of thought : inspirations for a form of non-linear direction." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005.
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This is an exegesis, investigating the concept of trend of thought, as a motivation influencing the structure of non-linear storytelling in film. It journeys through the
production of a 32min short drama entitled, Queue, following its evolution from the early stages of the script to the completed film.
Through a self-analysis of my role as a writer, director and editor, I identified the priorities and emphasis placed on the various aspects of the story and film production at
each stage. The thesis shows the growth the film has taken simply by allowing itself to follow the trends of thoughts of the characters within the script.
While focusing its investigation on other known films that have been successful with non-linear structure, this study also examines the very nature of what non-linear is, and
the various methods of non-linear plot and story structures, as a medium of storytelling in cinema.
Finally this thesis concludes that the theory of the trend of thought can be a good concept to use as an influence in finding a motivation for a non-linear story structure, as I have found it useful, in the making of Queue.
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Modugno, Jennifer L. "Application of the 13th edition AISC direct analysis method to heavy industry industrial structures." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34772.
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The objective of this study was to understand and develop procedures for the use of the AISC 2005 Specification's Direct Analysis Method for the analysis and design of heavy-industry industrial structures, to layout a systematic approach for the engineer to analyze and design using this method, and to determine if there will be any consequences to the practicing engineer in using this method.
The relevant 13th Edition AISC stability analysis methods (Effective Length,First-Order, and Direct Analysis Methods) were researched in the 2005 Specification aswell as in available technical literature, and then were critically evaluated by their applicability and limitations.
This study will help serve as a guide for the systematic approach for the practicing engineer to apply this method to analyze and design such complex steel frame structures using the computer-aided software called GTSTRUDL. To accomplish this purpose, two analytical models were studied using the Direct Analysis Method. The first model was a simple industrial structure and the second model was a more complex nuclear power plant boiler building.
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Bortoluzzi, Mariana Kessler. "Desenvolvimento e implementação de um editor de documentos estruturados no padrão Dicom Structured Report." Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/84771.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-20T12:22:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
195362.pdf: 1894061 bytes, checksum: a79f99dd7cf59ec149b7f2d4113ad4df (MD5)
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Harimoto, Seiyu. "PC-ICICLE: an interactive color integrated circuit layout editor for personal computers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45790.
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<p>An interactive color graphics layout editor for VLSI has
been implemented on the IBM PC. The software, PC-ICICLE, is
written in Microsoft PASCAL and the 8086/88 Assembly Language
under the DOS 2.0 environment. The basic hardware requirement
is the standard configuration of the IBM PC with 256K
bytes, and color graphics monitor and adapter. Without the
need for any special hardware, PC-ICICLE makes layout editors
more readily available to VLSI chip designers. PC-ICICLE has
also been executed on the IBM PC-XT, IBM PC-AT, and Zenith's
IBM compatible PC without any modifications.</p><br>Master of Science
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Panitchayapong, Supranee. "An edition and critical study of the Salayatanasamyutta in the Samyuttanikaya of the Pali Canon." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12801.
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This thesis presents a new edition of a section of the Saḷāyatanasaṃyutta, which forms part of the Saṃyuttanikāya in the Pali canon, and documents the basic principles that should be used for producing a critical edition. It discusses the manuscripts and associated commentaries of the Saḷāyatanasaṃyutta that are listed in manuscript catalogues and describes the characteristics of the manuscripts and printed editions used for editing this text. The thesis also provides a critical study of the structure and content of the Saḷāyatanasaṃyutta as a whole. The new edition shows that, as is the case with other saṃyuttas and nikāyas, the Saḷāyatanasaṃyutta is structured to ensure faithful preservation and transmission. In addition, this text contains the major theme of Buddhist teachings, namely, the Four Noble Truths and dependent origination (paṭiccasamuppāda). The new edition is based on a greater number and range of witnesses than those used in Feer’s 1894 PTS edition. It also records the significant information contained in the colophons of the manuscripts, which Feer omitted, and corrects numerous errors in Feer’s edition. Although it is common practice to abbreviate repetitive passages in manuscripts and editions, the current edition always gives the text in full so that the original form of each sutta can be easily ascertained. All variant readings, both valid and invalid, are recorded in the critical apparatus and appendices, respectively. Unless there is sufficient supporting evidence, the present edition does not change or correct the text. The best reading is evaluated from both internal (the intrinsic value of the readings) and external (date, number of witness, etc.) forms of evidence. By displaying the unabbreviated text, this edition makes a significant contribution to the preservation of the text and the prevention of future corruption and loss.
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Cheong, Elizabeth R. "The agricultural co-operative business structure in context a Western Australian study /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0022.html.
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Chase, Danielle Chute Douglas L. "Underlying factor structures of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales - Fifth Edition /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/738.
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Martin, Stéphane. "Edition collaborative des documents semi-structurés." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684778.
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Les éditeurs collaboratifs permettent à des utilisateurs éloignés de collaborer à une tâche commune qui va de l'utilisation d'un agenda partagé à la réalisation de logiciels. Ce concept est né avec SCCS en 1972 et connait un engouement récent (ex: Wikipedia). L'absence de centralisation et l'asynchronisme sont des aspects essentiels de cette approche qui relève d'un modèle pair-à-pair (P2P). D'un autre côté, le format XML est devenu une référence pour la manipulation et l'échange de documents. Notre travail vise à la réalisation d'un éditeur collaboratif P2P pour l'édition de documents semi-structurés qui sont une abstraction du format XML. Le problème est difficile et de nombreuses propositions se sont révélées erronées ou ne passant pas à l'échelle. Nous rappelons les concepts et l'état de l'art sur l'édition collaborative, les modèles centralisés et le P2P. Ensuite, nous explorons deux approches différentes : les transformées opérationnelles et le CRDT (Commutative Replicated Data Type) avec différentes structures de données arborescentes. L'objectif est de réaliser les opérations de base (ajout, suppression et ré-étiquetage) tout en garantissant la convergence du processus d'édition. Nous proposons un algorithme générique pour l'approche CRDT basée sur une notion d'indépendance dans la structure de données. Nous avons étendu nos travaux afin de réaliser l'opération de déplacement d'un sous-arbre et de prendre en compte le typage XML. Peu de travaux abordent ces deux points qui sont très utiles pour l'édition de documents. Finalement, nous donnons les résultats expérimentaux obtenus avec un prototype permettant de valider notre approche.
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Burress, Helen. "Modulation of cholera toxin structure and function by host proteins." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6251.
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Cholera toxin (CT) moves from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where the catalytic CTA1 subunit separates from the holotoxin and unfolds due to its intrinsic thermal instability. Unfolded CTA1 then moves through an ER translocon pore to reach its cytosolic target. Due to the instability of CTA1, it must be actively refolded in the cytosol to achieve the proper conformation for modification of its G protein target. The cytosolic heat shock protein Hsp90 is involved with the ER-to-cytosol translocation of CTA1, yet the mechanistic role of Hsp90 in CTA1 translocation remains unknown. Potential post-translocation roles for Hsp90 in modulating the activity of cytosolic CTA1 are also unknown. Here, we show by isotope-edited Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy that Hsp90 induces a gain-of-structure in disordered CTA1 at physiological temperature. Only the ATP-bound form of Hsp90 interacts with disordered CTA1, and its refolding of CTA1 is dependent upon ATP hydrolysis. In vitro reconstitution of the CTA1 translocation event likewise required ATP hydrolysis by Hsp90. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments found that Hsp90 does not release CTA1, even after ATP hydrolysis and the return of CTA1 to a folded conformation. The interaction with Hsp90 allowed disordered CTA1 to attain an active state and did not prevent further stimulation of toxin activity by ADP-ribosylation factor 6, a host cofactor for CTA1. This activity is consistent with its role as a chaperone that refolds endogenous cytosolic proteins as part of a foldosome complex consisting of Hsp90, Hop, Hsp40, p23, and Hsc70. A role for Hsc70 in CT intoxication has not yet been established. Here, biophysical, biochemical, and cell-based assays demonstrate Hsp90 and Hsc70 play overlapping roles in the processing of CTA1. Using SPR we determined that Hsp90 and Hsc70 could bind independently to CTA1 at distinct locations with high affinity, even in the absence of the Hop linker. Studies using isotope-edited FTIR spectroscopy found that, like Hsp90, Hsc70 induces a gain-of-structure in unfolded CTA1. The interaction between CTA1 and Hsc70 is essential for intoxication, as an RNAi-induced loss of the Hsc70 protein generates a toxin-resistant phenotype. Further analysis using isotope-edited FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated that the addition of both Hsc70 and Hsp90 to unfolded CTA1 produced a gain-of-structure above that of the individual chaperones. Our data suggest that CTA1 translocation involves a ratchet mechanism which couples the Hsp90-mediated refolding of CTA1 with extraction from the ER. The subsequent binding of Hsc70 further refolds CTA1 in a manner not previously observed in foldosome complex formation. The interaction of CTA1 with these chaperones is essential to intoxication and this work elucidates details of the intoxication process not previously known.<br>Ph.D.<br>Doctorate<br>Molecular Biology and Microbiology<br>Medicine<br>Biomedical Sciences
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Layaida, Nabil. "Madeus : système d'édition et de présentation de documents structurés multimédia." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004952.
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Les travaux de cette thèse ont pour cadre l'édition de documents électroniques multimédia en considérant en tout premier lieu leur dimension temporelle (enchaînement des objets dans le temps). L'objectif concerne à la fois l'intégration de cette nouvelle dimension dans la structure globale d'un document (logique, spatiale et hypertexte) et l'intégration d'objets de base qui ont eux-mêmes une dimension temporelle (vidéo, audio, interactions de l'utilisateur ..). Les documents visés sont donc multimédia, temporisés et interactifs. Notre étude a porté tout d'abord sur la définition d'un langage temporel multimédia. Celui-ci permet de spécifier, de façon déclarative, le scénario temporel d'un document en s'appuyant sur des résultats obtenus dans le domaine de la satisfaction de contraintes temporelles et de la planification. Nous avons ensuite conçu des mécanismes d'analyse qui permettent la vérification de la cohérence d'une spécification tout en prenant en compte trois aspects essentiels aux systèmes multimédia : l'incrémentalité, l'efficacité, et la gestion de l'indéterminisme. Nous proposons des mécanismes de synthèse qui permettent alors le calcul d'une solution qui sera exploitée par le système de présentation. Celui-ci permet, à partir d'un automate d'états finis extrait du graphe temporel de contraintes, d'exécuter la présentation multimédia et de contrôler dynamiquement son déroulement. Enfin, nous présentons l'ensemble des résultats à travers leur application concrète au sein d'un outil d'édition et de présentation appelé Madeus.
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Layaida, Nabil. "Madeus : système d'édition et de présentation de documents structurés multimédia." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10121.
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Les travaux de cette these ont pour cadre l'edition de documents electroniques multimedia en considerant en tout premier lieu leur dimension temporelle (enchainement des objets dans le temps). L'objectif concerne a la fois l'integration de cette nouvelle dimension dans la structure globale d'un document (logique, spatiale et hypertexte) et l'integration d'objets de base qui ont eux-memes une dimension temporelle (video, audio, interactions de l'utilisateur. . . ). Les documents vises sont donc multimedia, temporises et interactifs. Notre etude a porte tout d'abord sur la definition d'un langage temporel multimedia. Celui-ci permet de specifier, de facon declarative, le scenario temporel d'un document en s'appuyant sur des resultats obtenus dans le domaine de la satisfaction de contraintes temporelles et de la planification. Nous avons ensuite concu des mecanismes d'analyse qui permettent la verification de la coherence d'une specification tout en prenant en compte trois aspects essentiels aux systemes multimedia : l'incrementalite, l'efficacite, et la gestion de l'indeterminisme. Nous proposons des mecanismes de synthese qui permettent alors le calcul d'une solution qui sera exploitee par le systeme de presentation. Celui-ci permet, a partir d'un automate d'etats finis extrait du graphe temporel de contraintes, d'executer la presentation multimedia et de controler dynamiquement son deroulement. Enfin, nous presentons l'ensemble des resultats a travers leur application concrete au sein d'un outil d'edition et de presentation appele madeus.
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Lembo, Gaia. "Substrate targeting and inhibition of editing deaminases." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1144295.
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Identification of small molecules against APOBEC3B
The APOBECs are deaminases that act on DNA and RNA to restrict exogenous nucleic acids. Yet, the signature of their mutagenic activity –especially that of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B- has been observed in the cancer genomes and their ability to increase the genetic heterogeneity of tumours has been linked to the onset of drug resistance in cancer. As such inhibition of their enzymatic activity represents a potential target for anticancer therapies. During my PhD I worked at the identification of APOBEC3B small-molecule inhibitors. To this aim, I used a computational approach to perform a virtual screening on large library of molecules to block APOBEC3B enzymatic activity. I then tested selected molecules from the virtual screening using biochemical assays to quantify their effect on APOBEC3B activity and their capacity to interfere with APOBEC3B binding to DNA. Through this, I was able to identify two small molecules that reduce the activity of this protein, which could provide basis for the development of the first drug for anti-APOBEC activity.
Engineering ADAR2 to act on DNA
Genome editing technologies have revolutionized our ability to target and modify the genomes of living cells and organisms. The fusion of AID/APOBECs to genome editing tools such as Cas9 allowed the development the first base editor, molecules that can be targeted to mutate specific cytosines. The pool of available Base Editors is in constant expansion as new molecules are developed to target DNA with more specificity and efficiency. As the only adenine-targeting Base Editor is based on TadA- an RNA deaminase-, I focused on the development of a A•T base editor based on the catalytic domain of ADAR2. Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA (ADARs), are editing enzymes that catalyse the C6 deamination of adenosine (A) to produce inosine (I) in double-stranded RNA. As human ADAR2 is able to target DNA/RNA hybrids, I first tried -without success- to use chimeras of n/dCas9 and the deaminase domain of ADAR2 to induce mutations in a fluorescent reporter. I then used a bacterial screen to select for mutants of ADAR2 that act on DNA. I selected a mutant that induces a mutator phenotype in bacteria and DNA damage in mammalian cells. I am currently working to engineer this mutant into a Base Editor suitable for biotechnological applications such as gene therapy, antiviral treatment and cancer therapy.
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Alanazi, Abdulaziz Manqal. "The Use of Core and Outrigger Systems for High-Rise Steel Structures." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1576180826759645.
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Swarts, Derek Juan. "Soil community structure and litter decomposition under irrigated Eucalyptus Globulus in South Western Australia." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0051.html.
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Chan, Yin-hing Yolande. "The normative data and factor structure of the culture-free self-esteem inventory-form a-second edition in Hong Kong adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29740253.
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Laurent, Giorgi. "Cartographie structurale et fonctionnelle de la liaison entre la peptidyl-ARNt hydrolase et son substrat." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00572217.
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La peptidyl-ARNt hydrolase est une enzyme qui hydrolyse les peptidyl-ARNt issus d'une terminaison prématurée de la traduction. Cette protéine est essentielle à la viabilité des bactéries, mais pas à celle des eucaryotes, ce qui fait d'elle une cible potentielle pour l'action d'anti-bactériens. Cela justifie également qu'on cherche à cartographier l'interaction de cette protéine avec son substrat, pour faciliter la conception d'inhibiteur. Les tentatives d'obtention de cristaux de complexes enzyme:analogue de substrat étant restées vaines, nous avons choisi d'étudier de tels complexes en solution, par RMN. Grâce à un double marquage 15N/13C, nous avons tout d'abord attribué les fréquences de résonance des atomes du squelette de la protéine et d'une grande partie des chaînes latérale. Nous avons ensuite étudié l'interaction entre la PTH d'E. coli et un analogue de son substrat synthétisé chimiquement, la diacétyl-Lys-(3'NH)-adénosine. Cette étude nous a permis de caractériser le rôle de nombreux résidus du site actif, notamment celui d'une phénylalanine (F66) interagissant via son cycle aromatique avec l'adénine 3'-terminale du substrat, celui d'une asparagine (N114) stabilisant une molécule d'eau responsable de l'hydrolyse du substrat et celui d'une autre asparagine (N10) permettant à la PTH de discriminer positivement les peptidyl-ARNt par rapport aux aminoacyl-ARNt. Nous avons aussi étudié l'interaction entre la protéine et des mini-ARNt mimant la tige acceptrice et le bras TΨC d'un ARNt. Ce travail a permis de cartographier la surface de la PTH où l'ARN s'ancre à la protéine. Il a confirmé l'importance de deux résidus basiques, la lysine K105 et l'arginine R133, pour la reconnaissance du phosphate en 5' de l'ARNt. Il a également révélé une interaction entre l'hélice C-terminale de la protéine et le bras TΨC de l'ARNt, à 30 Å du site actif. La pertinence fonctionnelle de ce dernier contact a pu être établie par mutagenèse dirigée. L'ensemble de ces résultats permet de proposer un modèle complet de l'interaction entre la PTH et un peptidyl-ARNt.
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Bellet, Aurélien. "Supervised metric learning with generalization guarantees." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770627.
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In recent years, the crucial importance of metrics in machine learningalgorithms has led to an increasing interest in optimizing distanceand similarity functions using knowledge from training data to make them suitable for the problem at hand.This area of research is known as metric learning. Existing methods typically aim at optimizing the parameters of a given metric with respect to some local constraints over the training sample. The learned metrics are generally used in nearest-neighbor and clustering algorithms.When data consist of feature vectors, a large body of work has focused on learning a Mahalanobis distance, which is parameterized by a positive semi-definite matrix. Recent methods offer good scalability to large datasets.Less work has been devoted to metric learning from structured objects (such as strings or trees), because it often involves complex procedures. Most of the work has focused on optimizing a notion of edit distance, which measures (in terms of number of operations) the cost of turning an object into another.We identify two important limitations of current supervised metric learning approaches. First, they allow to improve the performance of local algorithms such as k-nearest neighbors, but metric learning for global algorithms (such as linear classifiers) has not really been studied so far. Second, and perhaps more importantly, the question of the generalization ability of metric learning methods has been largely ignored.In this thesis, we propose theoretical and algorithmic contributions that address these limitations. Our first contribution is the derivation of a new kernel function built from learned edit probabilities. Unlike other string kernels, it is guaranteed to be valid and parameter-free. Our second contribution is a novel framework for learning string and tree edit similarities inspired by the recent theory of (epsilon,gamma,tau)-good similarity functions and formulated as a convex optimization problem. Using uniform stability arguments, we establish theoretical guarantees for the learned similarity that give a bound on the generalization error of a linear classifier built from that similarity. In our third contribution, we extend the same ideas to metric learning from feature vectors by proposing a bilinear similarity learning method that efficiently optimizes the (epsilon,gamma,tau)-goodness. The similarity is learned based on global constraints that are more appropriate to linear classification. Generalization guarantees are derived for our approach, highlighting that our method minimizes a tighter bound on the generalization error of the classifier. Our last contribution is a framework for establishing generalization bounds for a large class of existing metric learning algorithms. It is based on a simple adaptation of the notion of algorithmic robustness and allows the derivation of bounds for various loss functions and regularizers.
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Kolli, Lakshmi Priya. "Mining for Frequent Community Structures using Approximate Graph Matching." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623166375110273.
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C, G. GUALBERTO JOSE MANUEL. "Etude des genes nad3, rps12, orf156 et coxiii du genome mitochondrial du ble (triticum aestivum) : structure, expression et edition de leurs transcrits." Strasbourg 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13091.
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Deux regions transcrites du genome mitochondrial du ble ont ete sequencees et analysees. Une de ces regions correspond a une unite de transcription contenant les genes nad3 et rps12, codant respectivement pour la sous-unite 3 de la nadh deshydrogenase et pour la proteine ribosomale s12. Ces deux genes sont precedes par un gene de trna (trns-gcu) et par un pseudo-gene de trna. Trois phases ouvertes de lecture, orf299, orf86 et orf156, sont presentes en aval de rps12. Des anticorps specifiques detectent in vivo les produits de rps12 et de l'orf156. L'autre region etudiee contient les genes coxiii et trne-uuc, codant respectivement pour la sous-unite 3 de la cytochrome oxydase et pour un trna#g#l#u. La transcription de ces sequences a ete etudiee. L'analyse de l'utilisation des codons cgg dans nad3, rps12 et coxiii a permis de demontrer qu'une activite d'edition du rna, qui remplace specifiquement des cytidines en uridines, existe dans les mitochondries vegetales. Les sites d'edition dans les genes nad3, rps12, orf299, orf156 et coxiii ont ete determines. Des similarites de sequence autour des sites d'edition suggerent que des rna anti-sens sont impliques dans la specificite de l'edition. Des clones partiellement edites de nad3 et rps12 ont ete identifies. L'ensemble des resultats montre que l'edition est un processus post-transcriptionnel qui permet la conservation des proteines mitochondriales chez les plantes superieures
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Mori, Tomoya. "Methods for Analyzing Tree-Structured Data and their Applications to Computational Biology." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202741.
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Stansberry, Tonya Faye. "Imprisoned and Empowered: The Women of Edith Wharton's Supernatural Fiction." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0712103-091758/unrestricted/StansberryT072203f.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2003.<br>Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0712103-091758. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Hane-Devore, Tasia Marie. "Constructed Bodies, Edited Deaths: The Negotiation of Sociomedical Discourse in Autothanatographers’ Writing of Terminal Illness." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1300221819.
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Uzukwu, Elochukwu Eugene. "Book Reviews: Alfred T. Hennelly (editor), "Liberation Theology. A Documentary History," and United Nations Economic Commission for Aftrica. "African Alternative Framework to Structural Adjustment Programmes for Socio-Economic Recovery and Transformation. A Popular Version."." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1993. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,1596.
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PATELL, MORAWALA VILLOO. "Structure et expression du gene codant pour la sous-unite 2 de la nadh deshydrogenase de mitochondrie de ble : cis- trans-epissage et edition de l'arn messager." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR13040.
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Le gene codant pour la sous-unite 2 de la nadh-deshydrogenase (complexe i) de mitochondrie de ble a ete localise et sequence entierement. Ce gene est compose de cinq exons separes par quatre introns du groupe ii. Il est disperse en deux endroits differents du genome. Il faut donc un evenement de trans-epissage pour obtenir l'arn messager mature. La repartition des sites d'edition de l'arn a ete etudiee et la sequence de la proteine codee par ce gene a ete caracterisee
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Rey, Yasmin. "Evaluation Of The Internal Structural Validity Of The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) Anxiety Disorders In Children And Adolescents." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/257.
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The purpose of the present dissertation was to evaluate the internal validity of symptoms of four common anxiety disorders included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition (text revision) (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000), namely, separation anxiety disorder (SAD), social phobia (SOP), specific phobia (SP), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), in a sample of 625 youth (ages 6 to 17 years) referred to an anxiety disorders clinic and 479 parents. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted on the dichotomous items of the SAD, SOP, SP, and GAD sections of the youth and parent versions of the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV: C/P; Silverman & Albano, 1996) to test and compare a number of factor models including a factor model based on the DSM. Contrary to predictions, findings from CFAs showed that a correlated model with five factors of SAD, SOP, SP, GAD worry, and GAD somatic distress, provided the best fit of the youth data as well as the parent data. Multiple group CFAs supported the metric invariance of the correlated five factor model across boys and girls. Thus, the present study’s finding supports the internal validity of DSM-IV SAD, SOP, and SP, but raises doubt regarding the internal validity of GAD.
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McCaffery, Martin. "The mat sat on the cat : investigating structure in the evaluation of order in machine translation." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12080.
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We present a multifaceted investigation into the relevance of word order in machine translation. We introduce two tools, DTED and DERP, each using dependency structure to detect differences between the structures of machine-produced translations and human-produced references. DTED applies the principle of Tree Edit Distance to calculate edit operations required to convert one structure into another. Four variants of DTED have been produced, differing in the importance they place on words which match between the two sentences. DERP represents a more detailed procedure, making use of the dependency relations between words when evaluating the disparities between paths connecting matching nodes. In order to empirically evaluate DTED and DERP, and as a standalone contribution, we have produced WOJ-DB, a database of human judgments. Containing scores relating to translation adequacy and more specifically to word order quality, this is intended to support investigations into a wide range of translation phenomena. We report an internal evaluation of the information in WOJ-DB, then use it to evaluate variants of DTED and DERP, both to determine their relative merit and their strength relative to third-party baselines. We present our conclusions about the importance of structure to the tools and their relevance to word order specifically, then propose further related avenues of research suggested or enabled by our work.
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Herment, Michel. "GLEF ATINF, un cadre générique pour la connexion d'outils d'inférence et l'édition graphique de preuves." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344974.
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Après un historique bref et général de la déduction automatique, on analyse les tendances actuelles et les besoins en présentation de preuves et communication d'outils d'inférence. Les notions théoriques concernées sont présentées et étudiées en détail. On donne ensuite une synthèse comparative critique et exhaustive de l'état de l'art. Cette synthèse manquait dans la littérature. L'analyse des notions fondamentales en logique et la synthèse sur l'état de l'art permettent d'établir les caractéristiques retenues pour le système GLEF (Graphical & Logical Edition Framework). La conception et la réalisation de deux langages ont permis de rendre GLEF générique (c'est à dire paramétrable par le système formel employé et par la présentation de ses preuves). Un formalisme de définition, fondé sur le Calcul des Construction (dû à Coquand et Huet), sert à représenter et à vérifier les systèmes formels et les preuves dans ses systèmes formels. Un langage de présentation, fondé sur la notion de «boîte», sert à décrire leur présentation. En annexe nous donnons un algorithme original pour l'opération d'effacement, particulièrement difficile en lambda-calcul typé, qui sert à réaliser la commande «couper» de GLEF. GLEF a été développé au sein du projet ATINF (ATelier d'INFérence). Un manuel utilisateur rudimentaire et de nombreux exemples d'utilisation en sont donnés. Certains exemples montrent comment, après avoir spécifié la définition et la présentation d'un système formel objet, un utilisateur de GLEF peut construire ou visualiser des preuves en manipulant directement les objets (formules, preuves partielles, etc.) à l'écran, avec la souris. D'autres illustrent comment GLEF présente les preuves produites par les démonstrateurs d'ATINF ou extérieurs à ATINF. Les principales lignes de recherche future concluent ce travail
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Litvin, Justin M. "Development of a Self-Report Measure of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD) According to the Eleventh Edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11): The Complex Trauma Inventory." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862735/.
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The work group editing trauma disorders for the upcoming edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) made several changes. Specifically, they significantly simplified the guidelines for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and added a new trauma disorder called complex PTSD (CPTSD). The new domains for PTSD and the addition of CPTSD require new instruments to assess these novel constructs. We developed a measure of PTSD and CPTSD (Complex Trauma Inventory; CTI) according to the proposed ICD-11 domains, creating several items to assess each domain. We examined the factor structure of the CTI (using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses) in two separate samples of diverse college students (n1 = 501; n2 = 500), reducing the original 53 trauma items in the item pool to 21 items. Confirmatory factor analyses supported two highly-correlated second-order factors (PTSD and complex factors), with PTSD (i.e., re-experiencing, avoidance, hyper-arousal) and complex factors (i.e., affect dysregulation, alterations in self-perception and alterations in relationships with others) each loading on three of the six ICD-11-consistent first-order factors (RMSEA = .08, CFI = .92, GFI = .87, SRMR = .06). Internal consistency for PTSD (α = .92) and complex factors (α = .93) are excellent.
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García, Hernández Carlos Jesús. "Structural Pattern Recognition for Chemical-Compound Virtual Screening." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673441.
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Les molècules es configuren de manera natural com a xarxes, de manera que són ideals per estudiar utilitzant les seves representacions gràfiques, on els nodes representen àtoms i les vores representen els enllaços químics. Una alternativa per a aquesta representació directa és el gràfic reduït ampliat, que resumeix les estructures químiques mitjançant descripcions de nodes de tipus farmacòfor per codificar les propietats moleculars rellevants. Un cop tenim una manera adequada de representar les molècules com a gràfics, hem de triar l’eina adequada per comparar-les i analitzar-les. La distància d'edició de gràfics s'utilitza per resoldre la concordança de gràfics tolerant als errors; aquesta metodologia calcula la distància entre dos gràfics determinant el nombre mínim de modificacions necessàries per transformar un gràfic en l’altre. Aquestes modificacions (conegudes com a operacions d’edició) tenen associat un cost d’edició (també conegut com a cost de transformació), que s’ha de determinar en funció del problema. Aquest estudi investiga l’eficàcia d’una comparació molecular basada només en gràfics que utilitza gràfics reduïts ampliats i distància d’edició de gràfics com a eina per a aplicacions de cribratge virtual basades en lligands. Aquestes aplicacions estimen la bioactivitat d'una substància química que utilitza la bioactivitat de compostos similars. Una part essencial d’aquest estudi es centra en l’ús d’aprenentatge automàtic i tècniques de processament del llenguatge natural per optimitzar els costos de transformació utilitzats en les comparacions moleculars amb la distància d’edició de gràfics.<br>Las moléculas tienen la forma natural de redes, lo que las hace ideales para estudiar mediante el empleo de sus representaciones gráficas, donde los nodos representan los átomos y los bordes representan los enlaces químicos. Una alternativa para esta representación sencilla es el gráfico reducido extendido, que resume las estructuras químicas utilizando descripciones de nodos de tipo farmacóforo para codificar las propiedades moleculares relevantes. Una vez que tenemos una forma adecuada de representar moléculas como gráficos, debemos elegir la herramienta adecuada para compararlas y analizarlas. La distancia de edición de gráficos se utiliza para resolver la coincidencia de gráficos tolerante a errores; esta metodología estima una distancia entre dos gráficos determinando el número mínimo de modificaciones necesarias para transformar un gráfico en el otro. Estas modificaciones (conocidas como operaciones de edición) tienen un costo de edición (también conocido como costo de transformación) asociado, que debe determinarse en función del problema. Este estudio investiga la efectividad de una comparación molecular basada solo en gráficos que emplea gráficos reducidos extendidos y distancia de edición de gráficos como una herramienta para aplicaciones de detección virtual
basadas en ligandos. Estas aplicaciones estiman la bioactividad de una sustancia química empleando la bioactividad de compuestos similares. Una parte esencial de este estudio se centra en el uso de técnicas de procesamiento de lenguaje natural y aprendizaje automático para optimizar los costos de transformación utilizados en las comparaciones moleculares con la distancia de edición de gráficos.<br>Molecules are naturally shaped as networks, making them ideal for studying by employing their graph representations, where nodes represent atoms and edges represent the chemical bonds. An alternative for this straightforward representation is the extended reduced graph, which summarizes the chemical structures using pharmacophore-type node descriptions to encode the relevant molecular properties. Once we have a suitable way to represent molecules as graphs, we need to choose the right tool to compare and analyze them. Graph edit distance is used to solve the error-tolerant graph matching; this methodology estimates a distance between two graphs by determining the minimum number of modifications required to transform one graph into the other. These modifications (known as edit operations) have an edit cost (also known as transformation cost) associated, which must be determined depending on the problem.
This study investigates the effectiveness of a graph-only driven molecular comparison employing extended reduced graphs and graph edit distance as a tool for ligand-based virtual screening applications. Those applications estimate the bioactivity of a chemical employing the bioactivity of similar compounds. An essential part of this study focuses on using machine learning and natural language processing techniques to optimize the transformation costs used in the molecular comparisons with the graph edit distance.
Overall, this work shows a framework that combines graph reduction and comparison with optimization tools and natural language processing to identify bioactivity similarities in a structurally diverse group of molecules. We confirm the efficiency of this framework with several chemoinformatic tests applied to regression and classification problems over different publicly available datasets.
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RAMAMONJISOA, DANIEL. "Structure et expression de genes nucleaires de plantes codant pour des arn de transfert importes dans les mitochondries ou presents uniquement dans le cytosol. Edition des arn de transfert dans les mitochondries vegetales." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13087.
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L'origine genetique des arn de transfert (arnt) mitochondriaux des plantes est complexe. En particulier, le genome mitochondrial des plantes superieures ne renferme pas un jeu complet de genes d'arnt et certaines especes doivent etre importees du cytosol. Dans la premiere partie du memoire, nous avons cherche a definir dans quelle mesure le processus d'importation des arnt dans les mitochondries vegetales reposerait sur des proprietes de sequence. L'analyse des genes nucleaires d'arnt que nous avons isoles a montre qu'il n'y avait pas de motifs structuraux conserves qui seraient caracteristiques des arnt d'origine nucleaire importes dans les mitochondries ou des sequences flanquantes de leurs genes. Il semblerait donc qu'il ne puisse pas exister de precurseurs derivant directement des genes d'arnt etudies et dont l'extension serait fortement homologue, au niveau de la structure primaire ou secondaire, entre les arnt d'origine nucleaire importes dans les mitochondries. Par des experiences d'expression transitoire dans des protoplastes, nous avons mis en evidence que les genes etudies etaient bien potentiellement actifs in vivo, a part un gene d'arnt#l#e#u(aag). L'analyse de l'expression de ce gene d'arnt#l#e#u nous a permis de demonter l'importance des promoteurs internes pour la transcription des genes nucleaires d'arnt chez les plantes. Dans la deuxieme partie du memoire, nous montrons l'existence d'un phenomene d'edition, c'est-a-dire d'un changement de sequence post-transcriptionnel, dans l'arnt#p#h#e(gaa) mitochondrial des plantes dicotyledones: l'arnt mature possede un u en position 4, tandis qu'un c est code a cette position dans le gene mitochondrial correspondant. Nos etudes fonctionnelles indiquent que ce phenomene n'influence pas l'aminoacylation correcte de l'arnt#p#h#e mais est peut-etre necessaire a sa maturation
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Leeder, Wolf-Matthias [Verfasser], H. Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Göringer, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Monitoring the Structural Changes of pre-edited mRNAs upon Editosome Binding - Evidence for the Evolutionary Origin of RNA-Editing / Wolf-Matthias Leeder. Betreuer: H. Ulrich Göringer ; Gerhard Thiel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112269797/34.
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Hall, Delbert L. "Rigging Math Made Simple." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. http://amzn.com/0615747795.
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The job of an entertainment rigger is to safely suspend objects (scenery, lights, sound equipment, platforms, and even performers) at very specific locations above the ground. The type, size and location of the structural members from which these objects must be suspended vary greatly from venue to venue. Additionally, the size, weight, and location of each object varies from object to object. To ensure that each object is safely suspended at the proper location, math is essential. Sometimes this math is very simple, and sometimes it can be complex. One reason catastrophic failures occur is because the load placed on a structural member or a piece of hardware exceeds the breaking strength of the structural member or piece of hardware. While a structural engineer must determine the strength of the structural members, and the manufacturers determine the strength of the hardware, the rigger is responsible for knowing the forces that will be exerted on each rigging point and piece of hardware. Because the forces placed on each rigging point and piece of hardware are determined not only by the weight of the object (its static load) but also HOW the rigging is done, entertainment riggers must be able to calculate these loads/forces. There are plenty of entertainment riggers who do not know how to do much math - but these are the people doing exactly what they are told to do, and not the ones figuring out what to do and doing the telling. If you want to be a top-notch rigger, you have to know math.<br>https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1046/thumbnail.jpg
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Silva, Junior Paulo Matias da. "Distância de edição para estruturas de dados." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2018.
Find full textAbstract:
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rodrigo de Alencar Hausen<br>Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Jerônimo Cordoni Pellegrini<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Santo André, 2018.<br>O problema de distância de edição geral de árvores consiste na comparação de duas
Árvores enraizadas e rotuladas a partir de operações de edição tais como a deleção
e a inserção de nós, buscando obter o menor custo necessário para uma sequência
de operações que transforme uma árvore em outra. Neste trabalho provamos que
encontrar a maior subfloresta comum pela deleção de nós dentre duas árvores
dadas, chamada de LCS-floresta, é um caso particular de distância de edição. Para o
problema de encontrar a subárvore comum máxima entre duas árvores, existe uma
demonstração feita por Valiente[Val02] de que esse problema é um caso particular
de distância de edição considerando uma condição que preserva fortemente a
ancestralidade entre os pares de nós das árvores comparadas. Realizamos uma
demonstração alternativa para esse problema que toma por condição a existência
de caminhos entre os pares de nós. Também estabelecemos uma hierarquia que
relaciona as distâncias obtidas como solução desses três problemas, mostrando que
a distância que se obtém como solução do problema de edição mais geral é limite
inferior para a distância encontrada como solução do LCS-floresta, e esta última é
limite inferior para a distância obtida com a subárvore comum máxima.
Na segunda parte do trabalho, descrevemos as estruturas de dados como árvores
enraizadas e rotuladas, assim pudemos aplicar o conceito de distância de edição e,
com isso, analisar os custos para comparar uma estrutura de dados consigo mesma
após uma sequência de operações. Para tal, modelamos os custos das operações nas
árvores das respectivas estruturas considerando informações como o número de nós
da árvore e o nível do nó que passou pela operação.
Nos modelos de pilha, lista ligada e árvore de busca binária as distâncias de
edição foram relacionadas às complexidades de tempo de se operar nessas estruturas.
Adaptamos também os custos operacionais para tries e árvores B.
Realizamos experimentos para calcular as distâncias de edição de uma estrutura de
dados consigo mesma após uma sequência aleatória de operações com o intuito de
verificar como essas medidas de distância atuavam sobre cada estrutura. Observamos
nesses testes que o tamanho da sequência influencia na distância final. Também
verificamos que os custos operacionais que consideram o nível do nó operado
obtinham distâncias menores se comparadas com aquelas obtidas pelo custo de
tamanho da estrutura.<br>The general tree edit distance problem consists in the comparison between two rooted labelled trees using operations which change one tree into another. The tree edit distance is defined as the minimum cost sequence of edit operations needed to transform two trees. The edit operations studied are inserting, deleting and replacing nodes. In this work, we prove that find the largest common subforest between trees restricted to node deletion, called LCS-forest, is a particular case of tree edit distance. Valiente [Val02] proved that find the maximum common subtree is a particular case of tree edit distance considering a ancestrality preserving condition, while we present an alternative proof using paths between pair of nodes. These three problems of distance are shown related in a hierarchy, where the general tree edit distance is a lower bound of the distance value obtained from LCS-forest solution. The latter is a lower bound of the distance obtained from maximum common subtree solution. In the second part of this work, we describe data structures as rooted labelled trees. Then it is possible to compare a data structure with itself after a sequence of operations applying the tree edit distance. For this, the model of operational cost of a tree considers information like number of nodes in the tree and level of operated node. The data structures modeled as trees were stack, linked list and binary search tree. The models associate the edit distance with the time complexities of these data structures operations. The operational costs of tries and B-trees also were adaptated for the edit distances. Some experiments to compute the distances are presented. They compare each data structure with itself after random sequences of operations. The results show how each proposed measure operate on the respective structure. The sequence size was an influence factor on distance values. For the operational costs, the cost defined as the level of operated nodes obtain smaller distances compared to the case of cost defined as the structure size.
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Yan, Yongfeng. "Vers une ingénierie de la production de linguiciels : spécification et réalisation d'un prototype de poste de travail linguistique pour la spécification de correspondances structurales." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325682.
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Présentation de quelques rappels sur les grammaires statiques. Il est aussi montre la nécessité du recours a des techniques issues du génie logiciel pour arriver à une réelle ingénierie du logiciel. Présentation d'un inventaire des besoins en génie logiciel pour la construction de systèmes de traduction assistée par ordinateur (tao). Présentation d'un prototype de poste de travail linguistique adapte a la construction de grammaires statiques et déjà teste par quelques utilisateurs pilotes
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Darwiche, Mostafa. "When operations research meets structural pattern recognition : on the solution of error-tolerant graph matching problems." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4022/document.
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Cette thèse se situe à l’intersection de deux domaines de recherche scientifique la Reconnaissance d’Objets Structurels (ROS) et la Recherche Opérationnelle (RO). Le premier consiste à rendre la machine plus intelligente et à reconnaître les objets, en particulier ceux basés sur les graphes. Alors que le second se focalise sur la résolution de problèmes d’optimisation combinatoire difficiles. L’idée principale de cette thèse est de combiner les connaissances de ces deux domaines. Parmi les problèmes difficiles existants en ROS, le problème de la distance d’édition entre graphes (DEG) a été sélectionné comme le cœur de ce travail. Les contributions portent sur la conception de méthodes adoptées du domaine RO pour la résolution du problème de DEG. Explicitement, des nouveaux modèles linéaires en nombre entiers et des matheuristiques ont été développé à cet effet et de très bons résultats ont été obtenus par rapport à des approches existantes<br>This thesis is focused on Graph Matching (GM) problems and in particular the Graph Edit Distance (GED) problems. There is a growing interest in these problems due to their numerous applications in different research domains, e.g. biology, chemistry, computer vision, etc. However, these problems are known to be complex and hard to solve, as the GED is a NP-hard problem. The main objectives sought in this thesis, are to develop methods for solving GED problems to optimality and/or heuristically. Operations Research (OR) field offers a wide range of exact and heuristic algorithms that have accomplished very good results when solving optimization problems. So, basically all the contributions presented in thesis are methods inspired from OR field. The exact methods are designed based on deep analysis and understanding of the problem, and are presented as Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) formulations. The proposed heuristic approaches are adapted versions of existing MILP-based heuristics (also known as matheuristics), by considering problem-dependent information to improve their performances and accuracy
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Pooler, Richard Shaw. "The Trattato della pittura (Treatise of painting) by Leonardo da Vinci : a study of the English editions explaining their origins and development and comparing their structure and differences, with particular reference to the first English edition (1721), analysing its relationship to the other English editions, and defining the philosophy and significance of this Treatise." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11815.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-243).<br>Three aspects are covered: * The origins of the Treatise, how it evolved from Leonardo's Notes, leading up to the various printed editions with their variations. *The early English editions of the Treatise, with a comparison of their differences, and their development from the first edition. How were the early editions abridged and for what purpose? *The structure of Leonardo's thought, and what he actually said in the Treatise of Painting.
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Amavi, Joshua. "Comparaison et évolution de schémas XML." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2053/document.
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XML est devenu le format standard d’échange de données. Nous souhaitons construire un environnement multi-système où des systèmes locaux travaillent en harmonie avec un système global, qui est une évolution conservatrice des systèmes locaux. Dans cet environnement, l’échange de données se fait dans les deux sens. Pour y parvenir nous avons besoin d’un mapping entre les schémas des systèmes. Le but du mapping est d’assurer l’évolution des schémas et de guider l’adaptation des documents entre les schémas concernés. Nous proposons des outils pour faciliter l’évolution de base de données XML. Ces outils permettent de : (i) calculer un mapping entre le schéma global et les schémas locaux, et d’adapter les documents ; (ii) calculer les contraintes d’intégrité du système global à partir de celles des systèmes locaux ; (iii) comparer les schémas de deux systèmes pour pouvoir remplacer un système par celui qui le contient ; (iv) corriger un nouveau document qui est invalide par rapport au schéma d’un système, afin de l’ajouter au système. Des expériences ont été menées sur des données synthétiques et réelles pour montrer l’efficacité de nos méthodes<br>XML has become the de facto format for data exchange. We aim at establishing a multi-system environment where some local original systems work in harmony with a global integrated system, which is a conservative evolution of local ones. Data exchange is possible in both directions, allowing activities on both levels. For this purpose, we need schema mapping whose is to ensure schema evolution, and to guide the construction of a document translator, allowing automatic data adaptation wrt type evolution. We propose a set of tools to help dealing with XML database evolution. These tools are used : (i) to compute a mapping capable of obtaining a global schema which is a conservative extension of original local schemas, and to adapt XML documents ; (ii) to compute the set of integrity constraints for the global system on the basis of the local ones ; (iii) to compare XML types of two systems in order to replace a system by another one ; (iv) to correct a new document with respect to an XML schema. Experimental results are discussed, showing the efficiency of our methods in many situations
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Farley, Michael F. "A prototype visual structure editor for Pascal." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22053.
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Sterpe, Peter J. "TEMPEST: A Template Editor for Structured Text." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/6951.
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TEMPEST is a full-screen text editor that incorporates a structural paradigm in addition to the more traditional textual paradigm provided by most editors. While the textual paradigm treats the text as a sequence of characters, the structural paradigm treats it as a collection of named blocks which the user can define, group, and manipulate. Blocks can be defined to correspond to the structural features of he text, thereby providing more meaningful objects to operate on than characters of lines. The structural representation of the text is kept in the background, giving TEMPEST the appearance of a typical text editor. The structural and textual interfaces coexist equally, however, so one can always operate on the text from wither point of view. TEMPEST's representation scheme provides no semantic understanding of structure. This approach sacrifices depth, but affords a broad range of applicability and requires very little computational overhead. A prototype has been implemented to illustrate the feasibility and potential areas of application of the central ideas. It was developed and runs on an IBM Personal Computer.
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"Factor Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition Among Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.8994.
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abstract: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – ; Fourth Edition (WISC – IV) is one of the most popular intelligence tests used for special education eligibility purposes in the United States. Despite the large prevalence of children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the factor structure of the WISC – IV among this population has not been explored. Thus, the factor structure of WISC – IV scores among students with ADHD was investigated via replicatory factor analysis followed by a comparison with the factorial structure of the normative sample using the coefficient of congruence. The four factor model proposed by Wechsler was consistent with the factor structure found in the sample of students with ADHD for all subtests except Picture Concepts and Matrix Reasoning. The Verbal Comprehension and Processing Speed factors appeared to measure the same construct in the study sample as in the normative sample, while the Perceptual Reasoning and Working Memory factors were only fairly similar to the normative sample. It is recommended that clinicians interpret Perceptual Reasoning and Working Memory index scores of students with ADHD cautiously. Limitations of the study, future directions for research, and implications for practitioners are discussed.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>M.A. Educational Psychology 2011
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"Factor Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children-Fourth Edition Among Referred Native American Students." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14243.
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abstract: The Native American population is severely underrepresented in empirical test validity research despite being overrepresented in special education programs and at an increased risk for special educational evaluation. This study is the first to investigate the structural validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) with a Native American sample. The structural validity of the WISC-IV was investigated using the core subtest scores of 176, six-to-sixteen-year-old Native American children referred for a psychoeducational evaluation. The exploratory factor analysis procedures reported in the WISC-IV technical manual were replicated with the current sample. Congruence coefficients were used to measure the similarity between the derived factor structure and the normative factor structure. The Schmid-Leiman orthogonalization procedure was used to study the role of the higher-order general ability factor. Results support the structural validity of the first-order and higher-order factors of the WISC-IV within this sample. The normative first-order factor structure was replicated in this sample, and the Schmid-Leiman procedure identified a higher-order general ability factor that accounted for the greatest amount of common variance (70%) and total variance (37%). The results support the structural validity of the WISC-IV within a referred Native American sample. The outcome also suggests that interpretation of the WISC-IV scores should focus on the global ability factor.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Ph.D. Educational Psychology 2011
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"Longitudinal Factor Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition in a Referred Sample." Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.15041.
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abstract: Standardized intelligence tests are some of the most widely used tests by psychologists. Of these, clinicians most frequently use the Wechsler scales of intelligence. The most recent version of this test for children is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition (WISC-IV); given the multiple test revisions that have occurred with the WISC, it is essential to address evidence regarding the structural validity of the test; specifically, that the internal structure of the test corresponds with the structure of the theoretical construct being measured. The current study is the first to investigate the factor structure of the WISC-IV across time for the same individuals. Factorial invariance of the WISC-IV was investigated using a group of 352 students eligible for psychoeducational evaluations tested, on average, 2.8 years apart. One research question was addressed: Does the structure of the WISC-IV remain invariant for the same individuals across time? Using structural equation modeling methods for a four-factor oblique model of the WISC-IV, this study found invariance at the configural and weak levels and partial invariance at the strong and strict levels. This indicated that the overall factor structure remained the same at test and retest with equal precision of the factor loadings at both time points. Three subtest intercepts (BD, CD, and SI) were not equivalent across test and retest; additionally, four subtest error variances (BD, CD, SI, and SS) were not equivalent across test and retest. These results indicate that the WISC-IV measures the same constructs equally well across time, and differences in an individual's cognitive profile can be safely interpreted as reflecting change in the underlying construct across time rather than variations in the test itself. This allows clinicians to be more confident in interpretation of changes in the overall cognitive profile of individual's across time. However, this study's results did not indicate that an individual's test scores should be compared across time. Overall, it was concluded that there is partial measurement invariance of the WISC-IV across time, with invariance of all factor loadings, invariance of all but three intercepts, and invariance of all but four item error variances.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Ph.D. Educational Psychology 2012
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Hsieh, Hsiao-Hui, and 謝筱蕙. "The Structure and Ideology of Hign-school Chinese Textbooks across the Strait--Take PEP Edition and Longteng Edtion for Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17795385697473220299.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>漢語文化暨文獻資源研究所碩士班<br>97<br>Language is a tool to communicate and express feelings. Recently it is said that language ability of local people has become low in China, Taiwan and Japan…, etc.; therefore it is an urgent thing to study language educational goals and language materials.
In the thesis I want to make a through and general comparison and analysis of the organization and content in the textbooks by examining high school textbooks across the strait in order to discuss the strength and drawbacks of textbook organization, the concepts as well as connotation underlying the selected texts and the match degree of the practicability and theory. More specifically, I will find related topics about political and ethnic cultural ideology, then study and compare them by means of listing the instructional goal and course standard, analyzing the way to select texts and organize the textbook across the strait.
I try to find the same and different way how educational institution across the strait select the texts and compare the difference of textbooks in order to provide some suggestions about high school language education, offer reference for other researchers and make Chinese textbook design more meaningful. In other words, I want to contribute myself to eliminate problems of traditional textbook and offer my service for textbook organization and material choice by introducing and comparing the similarities and differences of the structure and organization in two editions.
Materials in this thesis not only include arrangement of texts according to political features, but also include the connotation of culture, so that we can contrast, compare and analyze the orientation of text choice. The materials contain time (dynasty), writer, genre and content features. If anyone wants to make further research, it can save much time to make use of the materials provided in this thesis.