To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Structures Behaviors Functions Analysis.
Journal articles on the topic 'Structures Behaviors Functions Analysis'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Structures Behaviors Functions Analysis.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Thomas, Paul J., Devang Patel, and Alejandra J. Magana. "Characterizing Student Proficiency in Software Modeling in Terms of Functions, Structures, and Behaviors." ACM Transactions on Computing Education 21, no. 3 (July 24, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3458039.
Full textAbstract:
Software modeling is an integral practice for software engineers, especially as the complexity of software solutions increases. Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the industry standard for software modeling. however, it is often used incorrectly and misunderstood by novice software designers. This study is centered around understanding patterns of student proficiency of abstraction and systems thinking within a software modeling context. The participants of this study (n = 97) belonged to a systems analysis and design course that is primarily taken by second-year university students. The exam solutions to a case study from the course were evaluated for modeling proficiency. As evidence of proficiency in abstract thinking and systems thinking, we evaluated UML activity diagrams, class diagrams, and sequence diagrams and the alignment between these representations in terms of functions, structures, and behaviors. The results suggest students being proficient in modeling the functional aspects of an information system while facing some difficulty in capturing the structural and behavioral aspects of an information system. Clustering analysis revealed two groups within the sample, with one group displaying a significantly higher abstraction and systems thinking ability. Statistically significant correlations were also found between student proficiency of abstraction and their modeling proficiency in terms of functions, structures, and behaviors.
2
Valerio, Guido, Alessandro Galli, Donald R. Wilton, and David R. Jackson. "An enhanced integral-equation formulation for accurate analysis of frequency-selective structures." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 4, no. 3 (May 16, 2012): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078712000402.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, a very efficient mixed-potential integral-equation formulation is implemented for the rigorous analysis of multilayered structures with arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional periodic metallic and/or dielectric inclusions. Original acceleration techniques have been developed for the computation of the components of the scalar and dyadic Green's functions, based on different types of asymptotic extractions according to the potential considered. The theoretical approach and its computational convenience have been validated through different full-wave analyses concerning both scattering problems and complex-mode dispersive behaviors in various frequency-selective structures for microwave applications.
3
GRISO, GEORGES. "ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURES MADE OF PLATES." Analysis and Applications 03, no. 04 (October 2005): 325–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219530505000613.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to study the asymptotic behavior of a structure made of plates of thickness 2δ when δ → 0. This study is carried out within the frame of linear elasticity by using the unfolding method. It is based on several decompositions of displacements of the structure and on the passing to the limit in fixed domains.We begin by studying the displacements of a plate. We show that any displacement is the sum of an elementary displacement concerning the normal lines on the middle surface of the plate and a warping. An elementary displacement is linear with respect to the variable x3. It is written [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a displacement of the mid-surface of the plate. We show a priori estimates and convergence results when δ → 0. We characterize the limits of the unfolded displacements of a plate as well as the limits of the unfolded strained tensor.Then, we extend these results to structures made of plates. We show that any displacement of a structure is the sum of an elementary displacement of each plate and of a residual displacement. The elementary displacements of the structure (e.p.s.d.) coincide with elementary rod displacements in the junctions. Any e.p.s.d. is given by two functions belonging to H1( S ; ℝ3) where S is the skeleton of the structure (the set formed by the mid-surfaces of the plates constituting the surface). One of these functions, [Formula: see text], is the skeleton displacement. We show that [Formula: see text] is the sum of an extensional displacement and of an inextensional one. The first one characterizes the membrane displacements and the second one is a rigid displacement in the direction of the plates and it characterizes the flexion of the plates.Eventually, we pass to the limit as δ → 0 in the linearized elasticity system. On the one hand, we obtain a variational problem that is satisfied by the limit extensional displacement, and on the other hand, a variational problem satisfied by the limit of inextensional displacements.
4
Massah Fard, Maryam, Saeid Pourzeynali, and Seyed Ahmad Lashteh Neshaei. "SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF QUAY WALLS BY CONSIDERING SOIL-WATER-STRUCTURE INTERACTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.structures.38.
Full textAbstract:
A quay wall is a gravity wall structure having the dual functions of providing shore protection against light to moderate wave attack and a berthing face for ships. In the present study, nonlinear dynamic behavior of the quay walls is studied under the action of earthquake excitations by taking into account the soil-water-structure interaction. For this purpose, plane strain analysis of the wall is performed for both horizontal and vertical components of earthquake records; and the maximum displacements and stresses at critical points of the quay wall are obtained for different values of the wall slenderness ratio. From the numerical results, it is found that considering the vertical component of the ground motion besides the horizontal one in a linear analysis has a reduction effect on the quay wall seismic responses in comparison with that of the horizontal component alone. Moreover, it is found that nonlinear characteristics of soil, when the soil-water-structure interaction is taken into account, has more catastrophic effect on the performance of these walls in comparison with that of the linear one.
5
Fernández, Gerardo, and Mario A. Parra. "Oculomotor Behaviors and Integrative Memory Functions in the Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 82, no. 3 (August 3, 2021): 1033–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201189.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Biological information drawn from eye-tracking metrics is providing evidence regarding drivers of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. In particular, pupil size has proved useful to investigate cognitive performance during online activities. Objective: To investigate the oculomotor correlates of impaired performance of patients with mild Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome (ACS) on a recently developed memory paradigm, namely the Short-Term Memory Binding Test (STMBT). Methods: We assessed a sample of eighteen healthy controls (HC) and eighteen patients with a diagnosis of mild ACS with the STMBT while we recorded their oculomotor behaviors using pupillometry and eye-tracking. Results: As expected, a group (healthy controls versus ACS) by condition (Unbound Colours versus Bound Colours) interaction was found whereby behavioral group differences were paramount in the Bound Colours condition. Healthy controls’ pupils dilated significantly more in the Bound Colours than in the Unbound Colours condition, a discrepancy not observed in ACS patients. Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed the abnormal pupil behaviors distinguished ACS patients from healthy controls with values of sensitivity and specify of 100%, thus outperforming both recognition scores and gaze duration. Conclusion: The biological correlates of Short-Term Memory Binding impairments appear to involve a network much wider than we have thought to date, which expands across cortical and subcortical structures. We discuss these findings focusing on their implications for our understanding of neurocognitive phenotypes in the preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease and potential development of cognitive biomarkers that can support ongoing initiatives to prevent dementia.
6
Park, Hansol, Yeon June Kang, and Hee Soo Pyo. "Joint modeling for the analytical estimation of dynamic behaviors of beam-coupled structures." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2164.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, analytical method is applied for the estimation of dynamic behaviors of beam-coupled structures. Mathematical expressions are given with terms of shape factors, material information and assembly angles of each sub-component. Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, entire formulation is built with compatibility of system dynamics. The coupled structures are divided into two types, point coupling and mass coupling, related with the properties of coupling points. Point coupling is commonly used assumption that two sub-components are combined with lumped spring or damping, and mass coupling has undeformable rigid joint which has mass and inertia like welded structures. Dynamic properties of coupled structures are predicted in forms of frequency response functions and spectral responses about given forces. The verification process is conducted for assessing the accuracy of the estimation formula by using modal frequencies and mode shapes of beam-coupled structures. Extracted modal parameters from experimental modal analysis and finite element method are adopted as reference values for verification.
7
WU, RANCHAO, and JIANHUA SUN. "A BRIEF SURVEY ON CONSTRUCTING HOMOCLINIC STRUCTURES OF SOLITON EQUATIONS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 16, no. 10 (October 2006): 2799–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127406016471.
Full textAbstract:
To give rigorous mathematical proofs of chaotic behaviors in a given system, it is necessary to identify the homoclinic structures in the system. In this tutorial review, methods for constructing explicit solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations are presented, with more emphasis placed on those utilizing complete integrability associated with soliton equations. As an extended application, homoclinic orbits to spatial uniform plane waves of coupled modified nonlinear Schrödinger equations are obtained via the dressing method. During the procedure, it is necessary to introduce the Lax pair for these coupled equations, as well as its Floquet spectral analysis and corresponding Bloch functions.
8
Cui, Liuliang, Xihong Zhang, and Hong Hao. "Improved analysis method for structural members subjected to blast loads considering strain hardening and softening effects." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 12 (April 12, 2021): 2622–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211007382.
Full textAbstract:
In analysis and design of structures subjected to blast loading, equivalent Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) method is commonly recommended in design guides. In this paper, improved analysis method based on SDOF models is proposed. Both flexural and direct shear behaviors of structures subjected to blast load are studied using equivalent SDOF systems. Methods of deriving flexural and direct shear resistance functions are introduced, of which strain hardening and softening effects are considered. To collocate with the improved SDOF models, the improved design charts accounting for strain hardening and softening are developed through systematical analysis of SDOF systems. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed analysis method, a model validation is made through comparing the predictions with laboratory shock tube testing results on reinforced concrete (RC) columns. It is found that compared to the conventional approach with elastic and elastic-perfectly-plastic model, the elastic-plastic-hardening model provides more accurate predictions. Additional non-dimensional design charts considering various levels of elastic-plastic-hardening/softening resistance functions are developed to supplement those available in the design guides with elastic-perfectly-plastic resistance function only, which provide engineers with options to choose more appropriate resistance functions in design analysis.
9
Pothier, J. M., X. Roizard, J. Y. Hihn, J. F. Béteau, and G. Monteil. "Global Analysis Method of Friction Parameters in Strip-Drawing Tests." Journal of Tribology 128, no. 2 (November 21, 2005): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2162919.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous works have been recently carried out to describe friction and lubrication in the tool-sheet interface. This phenomenon is of great importance for all forming processes, particularly, in the deep drawing operations where the rapid progress in the field of computing requires the predictive knowledge of friction coefficient behaviors. The present paper considers the dynamical modeling by a global approach of the tangential force evolution. All measurements come from a tribometer equipped for strip-drawing tests on lubricated steel sheets and aluminum sheets, as a function of applied normal load. Models are obtained from serial, parallel, or closed-loop association structures for linear transfer functions. Numerical values of delays, time constants, and gain are identified for each test order; complexities and structures are determined with a double optimization. For all situations, a stop criterion is defined to achieve the optimal model, which is reached for the steel sheets.
10
Nguyen, Khuong Duy, Tien Manh Nguyen, Chien Trung Vo, Hung Xuan Nguyen, and Hoa Cong Vu. "Analyze thermo-mechanical problem by isogeometric analysis for structures used functionally graded material." Science and Technology Development Journal 20, K3 (June 30, 2017): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v20ik3.1092.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this paper is apply isogeometric analysis (IGA) to analyze thermoelastic behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) structures. IGA is built on NURBS basis functions used to model exact geometries with higher-order approached functions. The FGM is a type of advanced composite material has material properties is continuous distributed variation through thickness direction. The results are verified with other numerical results and results from COMSOL commercial software.
11
Yu, Guo-Liang, Rong-Hua Guan, and Zhi-Gang Wang. "Analysis of the strong vertices of ΣcND∗ and ΣbNB∗ in QCD sum rules." International Journal of Modern Physics A 33, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 1850217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x18502172.
Full textAbstract:
The strong coupling constant is an important parameter that can help us understand the strong decay behaviors of baryons. In our previous work, we have analyzed the strong vertices [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in QCD sum rules. Following these works, we further analyze the strong vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] using the three-point QCD sum rules under Dirac structures [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. In this work, we first calculate strong form-factors considering contributions of the perturbative part and the condensate terms [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Then, these form-factors are used to fit into analytical functions. According to these functions, we finally determine the values of the strong coupling constants for these two vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
12
Zhang, Lei, Weidong Zhu, Aimin Ji, and Liping Peng. "A Simplified Approach to Identify Sectional Deformation Modes of Thin-Walled Beams with Prismatic Cross-Sections." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 9, 2018): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101847.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, a simplified approach to identify sectional deformation modes of prismatic cross-sections is presented and utilized in the establishment of a higher-order beam model for the dynamic analyses of thin-walled structures. The model considers the displacement field through a linear superposition of a set of basis functions whose amplitudes vary along the beam axis. These basis functions, which describe basis deformation modes, are approximated from nodal displacements on the discretized cross-section midline, with interpolation polynomials. Their amplitudes acting in the object vibration shapes are extracted through a modal analysis. A procedure similar to combining like terms is then implemented to superpose basis deformation modes, with equal or opposite amplitude, to produce primary deformation modes. The final set of the sectional deformation modes are assembled with primary deformation modes, excluding the ones constituting conventional modes. The derived sectional deformation modes, hierarchically organized and physically meaningful, are used to update the basis functions in the higher-order beam model. Numerical examples have also been presented and the comparison with ANSYS shell model showed its accuracy, efficiency, and applicability in reproducing three-dimensional behaviors of thin-walled structures.
13
Hutagaol, Rutmauli. "ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NURSING PROFESSIONAL VALUES IN REFERRAL HOSPITALS JAKARTA: FISHBONE ANALYSIS." International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS) 2, no. 1 (April 2, 2019): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v2i1.73.
Full textAbstract:
Professional values can direct nurse behavior. Nurse behavior should reflect caring in providing nursing services as the essence of nursing. The method used in this paper is a case study. Data collection is done by interviews, document observation, and distributing questionnaires to nurses in the amount of 517 nurses. The questionnaire used was the Nursing Professional Value Scale and Nurse that was modified and used to determine the nurse's professional score scale. Interviews were conducted with the field and nursing committee using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview material includes management functions related to the application of the nurse's professional values. Data analysis using fishbone analysis. The results showed that the professional score scale of nurses was quite strong, namely 101.19, but the application of professional nurses' values was still not optimal because some nursing leaders were still less professional. The recommendation from this case study is that nursing management needs to motivate nurses to apply nurses' professional values through attitudes and behaviors that have implications for the quality of nursing services and have an impact on patient satisfaction and safety.
14
Azevedo, Joa~o, Gabriela Sincraian, and J. V. Lemos. "Seismic Behavior of Blocky Masonry Structures." Earthquake Spectra 16, no. 2 (May 2000): 337–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586116.
Full textAbstract:
The seismic behavior of structures composed by masonry blocks is analyzed using the discrete element method. Some features of the method are described including the representation of the block deformation, contacts and block interaction. The suitability of the method for the analysis of masonry structures is examined. The seismic behavior of some simple structural systems as well as that of some real structures is studied. It is shown that the method is able to reproduce important phenomena such as crack opening and joint sliding, which are responsible for the occurrence of structural damage and collapse. The collapse patterns of the analyzed structures are examined, reinforcing schemes using steel cables are considered and seismic vulnerability functions are obtained.
15
Białek, Arkadiusz, Marta Białecka-Pikul, and Małgorzata Stępień–Nycz. "The Nature of Child-Adult Interaction. From Turn-Taking to Understanding Pointing and Use of Pointing Gestures." Psychology of Language and Communication 18, no. 2 (August 1, 2014): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2014-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAnalyses of interactions between an adult and a one-year-old child are often connected with studying early communicative competences, e.g. the child’s participation in turn-taking sequences, in joint attention, and use of pointing gestures. Infants’ communicative behaviors were studied using a structured observational measure - the Early Social Communication Scales (Mundy et al., 2003) in a study of 358 12-month-old children. An exploratory factor analysis revealed: (i) a distinction between the categories of initiation and response among the behaviors displayed, (ii) simple and complex behavior categories occurring; (iii) the presence within one factor of behaviors fulfilling various functions (e.g. requesting and sharing interest). An analysis of the results showed that communicative competences can be classified according to their level and ignoring their function, and made it possible to suggest modifications to the way in which behaviors are coded on the ESCS and to complement the procedure of studying early communicative competences.
16
Ly, Sel, Kim-Hung Pho, Sal Ly, and Wing-Keung Wong. "Determining Distribution for the Product of Random Variables by Using Copulas." Risks 7, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks7010023.
Full textAbstract:
Determining distributions of the functions of random variables is one of the most important problems in statistics and applied mathematics because distributions of functions have wide range of applications in numerous areas in economics, finance, risk management, science, and others. However, most studies only focus on the distribution of independent variables or focus on some common distributions such as multivariate normal joint distributions for the functions of dependent random variables. To bridge the gap in the literature, in this paper, we first derive the general formulas to determine both density and distribution of the product for two or more random variables via copulas to capture the dependence structures among the variables. We then propose an approach combining Monte Carlo algorithm, graphical approach, and numerical analysis to efficiently estimate both density and distribution. We illustrate our approach by examining the shapes and behaviors of both density and distribution of the product for two log-normal random variables on several different copulas, including Gaussian, Student-t, Clayton, Gumbel, Frank, and Joe Copulas, and estimate some common measures including Kendall’s coefficient, mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis for the distributions. We found that different types of copulas affect the behavior of distributions differently. In addition, we also discuss the behaviors via all copulas above with the same Kendall’s coefficient. Our results are the foundation of any further study that relies on the density and cumulative probability functions of product for two or more random variables. Thus, the theory developed in this paper is useful for academics, practitioners, and policy makers.
17
Garcia Meneguci, Cíntia Aparecida, Joilson Meneguci, Jeffer Eidi Sasaki, Sheilla Tribess, and Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior. "Physical activity, sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults: A cross-sectional path analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): e0246275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246275.
Full textAbstract:
Disability is negatively associated with the health of older adults, and it can be mediated by healthy lifestyles and behaviors throughout one’s life. In this context, understanding the interrelationships between sedentary behavior, physical activity and functionality may assist in the implementation of effective public health actions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between both physical activity and sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults and the possible mediators. The variables analyzed were selected according to the content analysis of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health model, and included activity, participation, health conditions, body functions and structures, environmental factors and personal factors. 419 individuals participated in the study. Physical activity was directly associated with disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and the association was mediated by self-esteem, aerobic endurance, and agility/balance. Sedentary behavior was indirectly associated with IADL disability, and the association was mediated by aerobic resistance, nutritional status, and agility/balance. Regarding the basic activities of daily living (BADL), physical activity showed an indirect association mediated by aerobic resistance and IADL. The association of sedentary behavior with BADL was mediated by aerobic resistance and lower limb flexibility. These results reinforce the idea that functionality is multidimensional, and the mediating factors must be considered when strategies for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior are designed.
18
Margolin, Gennady, Ivan V. Gregoretti, Trevor M. Cickovski, Chunlei Li, Wei Shi, Mark S. Alber, and Holly V. Goodson. "The mechanisms of microtubule catastrophe and rescue: implications from analysis of a dimer-scale computational model." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 4 (February 15, 2012): 642–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-08-0688.
Full textAbstract:
Microtubule (MT) dynamic instability is fundamental to many cell functions, but its mechanism remains poorly understood, in part because it is difficult to gain information about the dimer-scale events at the MT tip. To address this issue, we used a dimer-scale computational model of MT assembly that is consistent with tubulin structure and biochemistry, displays dynamic instability, and covers experimentally relevant spans of time. It allows us to correlate macroscopic behaviors (dynamic instability parameters) with microscopic structures (tip conformations) and examine protofilament structure as the tip spontaneously progresses through both catastrophe and rescue. The model's behavior suggests that several commonly held assumptions about MT dynamics should be reconsidered. Moreover, it predicts that short, interprotofilament “cracks” (laterally unbonded regions between protofilaments) exist even at the tips of growing MTs and that rapid fluctuations in the depths of these cracks influence both catastrophe and rescue. We conclude that experimentally observed microtubule behavior can best be explained by a “stochastic cap” model in which tubulin subunits hydrolyze GTP according to a first-order reaction after they are incorporated into the lattice; catastrophe and rescue result from stochastic fluctuations in the size, shape, and extent of lateral bonding of the cap.
19
Li, Hui. "Identification of Coherent Structure in Turbulent Shear Flow With Wavelet Correlation Analysis." Journal of Fluids Engineering 120, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 778–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2820738.
Full textAbstract:
In order to identify coherent structure of turbulent shear flow, a new combination of familiar techniques of signal processing, called wavelet correlation analysis, is developed based on the wavelet transform. The wavelet correlation analysis provides the unique capability for decomposing the correlation of arbitrary signals over a two-dimensional time delay-period plane. By analyzing two superposition functions implicating several pure frequencies, the correlation of periodic oscillations at several frequencies can well be separated and observed clearly. Coherent structures in the intermediate region of a plane turbulent jet are investigated using the wavelet correlation method. It is shown that the wavelet correlation analysis can extract the most essential scales governing features of eddy motions. The coherent structure information and apparent flapping behaviors are clearly revealed over a two-dimensional time-period plane.
20
Xiao, Zhen Yan, Yun Gong, and Yao Qing Gong. "Free Vibration Analysis for Step Tubular Structures of Tall Buildings Supported on Elastic Foundation Soil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.194.
Full textAbstract:
A method based on Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) solver for free vibration analysis of tubular structures of tall buildings is developed, considering the deformation of the foundation soil as well as the interactions between the foundation and soil, by means of a three dimensional model with continuously distributed mass and stiffness. The nodal lines employed to discretize the computational model of the structures are one-variable functions defined on the nodal lines selected by the analyst to describe the dynamic behavior of the model. The unknown functions determined numerically herein are actual vibration modes that can be also recognized as the deformation functions of a set of conceptual structural components. By a Hamiltonian principle, the governing equations of the free vibration analysis can be obtained, which are a set of ordinary differential equations (ODE) of the vibration modes with their corresponding boundary conditions. The desired frequencies and corresponding vibration modes can be obtained by numerically solving the ODEs with boundary conditions. The method is applied to the tubular structures of tall buildings. The results from the illustration example show that the method is rational and powerful for the free vibration analysis of tall buildings.
21
Vaganova, Anastasia N., Ramilya Z. Murtazina, Taisiia S. Shemyakova, Andrey D. Prjibelski, Nataliia V. Katolikova, and Raul R. Gainetdinov. "Pattern of TAAR5 Expression in the Human Brain Based on Transcriptome Datasets Analysis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 8802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168802.
Full textAbstract:
Trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR) recognize organic compounds, including primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. The TAAR5 receptor is known to be involved in the olfactory sensing of innate socially relevant odors encoded by volatile amines. However, emerging data point to the involvement of TAAR5 in brain functions, particularly in the emotional behaviors mediated by the limbic system which suggests its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases. TAAR5 expression was explored in datasets available in the Gene Expression Omnibus, Allen Brain Atlas, and Human Protein Atlas databases. Transcriptomic data demonstrate ubiquitous low TAAR5 expression in the cortical and limbic brain areas, the amygdala and the hippocampus, the nucleus accumbens, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the basal ganglia, the cerebellum, the substantia nigra, and the white matter. Altered TAAR5 expression is identified in Down syndrome, major depressive disorder, or HIV-associated encephalitis. Taken together, these data indicate that TAAR5 in humans is expressed not only in the olfactory system but also in certain brain structures, including the limbic regions receiving olfactory input and involved in critical brain functions. Thus, TAAR5 can potentially be involved in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and represents a valuable novel target for neuropsychopharmacology.
22
WANG, YINGXU. "ON FORMAL AND COGNITIVE SEMANTICS FOR SEMANTIC COMPUTING." International Journal of Semantic Computing 04, no. 02 (June 2010): 203–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x10000833.
Full textAbstract:
Semantics is the meaning of symbols, notations, concepts, functions, and behaviors, as well as their relations that can be deduced onto a set of predefined entities and/or known concepts. Semantic computing is an emerging computational methodology that models and implements computational structures and behaviors at semantic or knowledge level beyond that of symbolic data. In semantic computing, formal semantics can be classified into the categories of to be, to have, and to do semantics. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of formal and cognitive semantics for semantic computing in the fields of computational linguistics, software science, computational intelligence, cognitive computing, and denotational mathematics. A set of novel formal semantics, such as deductive semantics, concept-algebra-based semantics, and visual semantics, is introduced that forms a theoretical and cognitive foundation for semantic computing. Applications of formal semantics in semantic computing are presented in case studies on semantic cognition of natural languages, semantic analyses of computing behaviors, behavioral semantics of human cognitive processes, and visual semantic algebra for image and visual object manipulations.
23
Nguyen, Nha Thanh, Tinh Quoc Bui, and Thien Tich Truong. "Extended Radial Point Interpolation Method for crack analysis in orthotropic media." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i2.1066.
Full textAbstract:
Orthotropic materials are particular type of anisotropic materials; In contrast with isotropic materials, their properties depend on the direction in which they are measured. Orthotropic composite materials and their structures have been extensively used in a wide range of engineering applications. Studies on their physical behaviors under in-work loading conditions are essential. In this present, we apply an extended meshfree radial point interpolation method (XRPIM) for analyzing crack behaviour in 2D orthotropic materials models. The thin plate spline (TPS) radial basis function (RBF) is used for constructing the RPIM shape functions. Typical advantages of using RBF are the satisfaction of the Kronecker’s delta property and the high-order continuity. To calculate the stress intensity factors (SIFs), Interaction integral method with orthotropic auxiliary fields are used. Numerical examples are performed to show the accuracy of the approach; the results are compared with available refered results. Our numerical experiments have shown a very good performance of the present method.
24
Quinn, Katherine, Julia Dickson-Gomez, Michelle Broaddus, and Maria Pacella. "“Running Trains” and “Sexing-In”: The Functions of Sex Within Adolescent Gangs." Youth & Society 51, no. 2 (August 30, 2016): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x16667375.
Full textAbstract:
Gang members are exposed to unique sexual risks, yet little work has explored the influence of gang social norms. This study examines the functions and meanings of sex within gangs, with a specific focus on the ways in which sex is used to reinforce gang membership and norms, gender roles, and group cohesion. We conducted 58 semi-structured interviews with adolescent members of six gangs. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and constant comparative method in MAXQDA. Sexual risk behaviors within gangs are upheld and reinforced through unspoken norms and expectations. These high-risk sexual practices increase group cohesion and reinforce gender norms and power differences. Despite the prevalence of such practices, many gang members felt regret and remorse over their participation but noted it was just part of “the life.” Our findings highlight the need for interventions to address the norms of the gang that reinforce sexual risk behavior.
25
Yang, Yang, and Zhijian Yu. "Design and Decomposition Analysis of Mixing Zone Structures on Flame Dynamics for a Swirl Burner." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 21, 2020): 6744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246744.
Full textAbstract:
The recirculation zone and the swirl flame behavior can be influenced by the burner exit shape, and few studies have been made into this structure. Large eddy simulation was carried out on 16 cases to distinguish critical geometry factors. The time series of the heat release rate were decomposed using seasonal-trend decomposition procedure to exclude the effect of short physical time. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) was performed to separate flame structures. The frequency characteristics extracted from the DMD modes were compared with those from the flame transfer functions. Results show that the flame cases can be categorized into three types, all of which are controlled by a specific geometric parameter. Except one type of flame, they show nonstationary behavior by the Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin test. The frequency bands corresponding to the coherent structures are identified. The flame transfer function indicates that the flame can respond to external excitation in the frequency range 100–300 Hz. The DMD modes capture the detailed flame structures. The higher frequency bands can be interpolated as the streamwise vortices and shedding vortices. The DMD modes, which correspond to the bands of flame transfer functions, can be estimated as streamwise vortices at the edges.
26
Leonel Rocha, J., Abdel-Kaddous Taha, and D. Fournier-Prunaret. "Big Bang Bifurcation Analysis and Allee Effect in Generic Growth Functions." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 26, no. 06 (June 15, 2016): 1650108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812741650108x.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this work is to study the dynamics and bifurcation properties of generic growth functions, which are defined by the population size functions of the generic growth equation. This family of unimodal maps naturally incorporates a principal focus of ecological and biological research: the Allee effect. The analysis of this kind of extinction phenomenon allows to identify a class of Allee’s functions and characterize the corresponding Allee’s effect region and Allee’s bifurcation curve. The bifurcation analysis is founded on the performance of fold and flip bifurcations. The dynamical behavior is rich with abundant complex bifurcation structures, the big bang bifurcations of the so-called “box-within-a-box” fractal type being the most outstanding. Moreover, these bifurcation cascades converge to different big bang bifurcation curves with distinct kinds of boxes, where for the corresponding parameter values several attractors are associated. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent an original contribution to clarify the big bang bifurcation analysis of continuous 1D maps.
27
Lira, Matthew, and Stephanie M. Gardner. "Leveraging Multiple Analytic Frameworks to Assess the Stability of Students’ Knowledge in Physiology." CBE—Life Sciences Education 19, no. 1 (March 2020): ar3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.18-08-0160.
Full textAbstract:
When a student explains a biological phenomenon, does the answer reflect only the product of retrieving knowledge or does it also reflect a dynamic process of constructing knowledge? To gain insight into students’ dynamic knowledge, we leveraged three analytic frameworks—structures–behaviors–functions (SBF), mental models (MM), and conceptual dynamics (CD). To assess the stability of student knowledge, we asked undergraduate students to explain the same physiological phenomenon three times—once verbally, once after drawing, and once after interpreting a diagram. The SBF analysis illustrated fine-grained dynamic knowledge between tasks. The MM analysis suggested global stability between tasks. The CD analysis demonstrated local instability within tasks. The first two analyses call attention to differences between students’ knowledge about the parts of systems and their organization. The CD analysis, however, calls attention to similar learning mechanisms that operate differently vis-à-vis external representations. Students with different mental models deliberated localization or where to locate the structures and mechanisms that mediate physiological responses, but students made these deliberations during different tasks and arrived at different conclusions. These results demonstrate the utility of incorporating dynamic approaches to complement other analytic approaches and motivate future research agendas in biology education research.
28
Abdu-Aguye, Samirah N., Shafiu Mohammed, Nuhu M. Danjuma, and Kamilu S. Labaran. "Improving outpatient medication counselling in hospital pharmacy settings: a behavioral analysis using the theoretical domains framework and behavior change wheel." Pharmacy Practice 19, no. 2 (May 24, 2021): 2271. http://dx.doi.org/10.18549/pharmpract.2021.2.2271.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Despite the importance of medication counselling for patients, it is common knowledge that it is often sub-optimally carried out by pharmacy staff. While some interventions have been designed to help improve counselling, no study till date has used the Capability Opportunity and Motivation behavior model (COM-B) or Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) as a basis for identifying evidence-based intervention strategies to improve medication counselling.
Objective: To understand barriers/facilitators to optimal medication counselling by conducting a behavioral analysis using the COM-B model and TDF, and use the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) as a basis for identifying evidence-based intervention strategies and policy categories that could be used to improve outpatient medication counselling by pharmacy staff in hospital settings located within Northwest Nigeria.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from 25 purposively sampled pharmacy staff working at eight major public hospitals, from January till March 2020. Data from the interviews were then transcribed and deductively coded using the COM-B model and TDF. These findings were then used to identify areas requiring change, as well as the intervention type and policy functions required to support these changes.
Results: Findings from the behavioral analysis revealed shortfalls in pharmacy staff capability, opportunity and motivation with respect to outpatient medication counselling. To improve their counselling behaviors, change was identified as necessary in eight TDF domains namely ‘knowledge’, ‘interpersonal skills’, ‘memory’ ‘environmental context’, ‘social influences’, ‘intentions’, ‘reinforcement’ and ‘beliefs about capabilities’. Seven intervention functions including ‘education’, ‘training’, ‘modelling’, ‘enablement’ and ‘environmental restructuring’, in addition to three policy categories (‘guidelines’, ‘regulations’ and ‘environmental/social planning’) were also identified as relevant to future intervention design.
Conclusions: Various factors were identified as affecting medication counselling by the pharmacy staff, with several of them requiring changes if counselling was to be improved upon. Multi-component interventions combining several of these intervention functions are recommended for hospital authorities and other relevant stakeholders to improve outpatient medication counselling.
29
Lee, Ho-Won, Suk-Yoon Hong, Do-Hyun Park, and Hyun-Wung Kwon. "Energy Flow Boundary Element Method for Vibration Analysis of One and Two Dimension Structures." Shock and Vibration 15, no. 1 (2008): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/607379.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, Energy Flow Boundary Element Method (EFBEM) was developed to predict the vibration behavior of one- and two-dimensional structures in the medium-to-high frequency ranges. Free Space Green functions used in the method were obtained from EFA energy equations. Direct and indirect EFBEMs were formulated for both one- and two-dimensional cases, and numerically applied to predict the energy density and intensity distributions of simple Euler-Bernoulli beams, single rectangular thin plates, and L-shaped thin plates vibrating in the medium-to-high frequency ranges. The results from these methods were compared with the EFA solutions to verify the EFBEM.
30
Nasir, Arshan, and Gustavo Caetano-Anollés. "Comparative Analysis of Proteomes and Functionomes Provides Insights into Origins of Cellular Diversification." Archaea 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/648746.
Full textAbstract:
Reconstructing the evolutionary history of modern species is a difficult problem complicated by the conceptual and technical limitations of phylogenetic tree building methods. Here, we propose a comparative proteomic and functionomic inferential framework for genome evolution that allows resolving the tripartite division of cells and sketching their history. Evolutionary inferences were derived from the spread of conserved molecular features, such as molecular structures and functions, in the proteomes and functionomes of contemporary organisms. Patterns of use and reuse of these traits yielded significant insights into the origins of cellular diversification. Results uncovered an unprecedented strong evolutionary association between Bacteria and Eukarya while revealing marked evolutionary reductive tendencies in the archaeal genomic repertoires. The effects of nonvertical evolutionary processes (e.g., HGT, convergent evolution) were found to be limited while reductive evolution and molecular innovation appeared to be prevalent during the evolution of cells. Our study revealed a strong vertical trace in the history of proteins and associated molecular functions, which was reliably recovered using the comparative genomics approach. The trace supported the existence of a stem line of descent and the very early appearance of Archaea as a diversified superkingdom, but failed to uncover a hidden canonical pattern in which Bacteria was the first superkingdom to deploy superkingdom-specific structures and functions.
31
Thai, Tran Quoc, Timon Rabczuk, and Xiaoying Zhuang. "Numerical study for cohesive zone model in delamination analysis based on higher-order B-spline functions." Journal of Micromechanics and Molecular Physics 02, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424913017500047.
Full textAbstract:
A numerical aspect of the implementation cohesive zone model for delamination analysis is presented in this work by employing interface elements and higher-order B-spline functions. The stress oscillation is addressed, and Newton–Cotes integration scheme is considered as a good candidate to overcome this phenomenon. In order to track the nonlinear equilibrium path, a general arc-length constraint named dissipation-based arc-length method is applied. A numerical example is presented to perform the ability of the formulation in predicting the delamination behavior of studied structures.
32
Ajaj, Rafic M., Farag K. Omar, Tariq T. Darabseh, and Jonathan Cooper. "Flutter of Telescopic Span Morphing Wings." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 06 (June 2019): 1950061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419500615.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies the aeroelastic behavior of telescopic, multi-segment, span morphing wings. The wing is modeled as a linear, multi-segment, stepped, cantilever Euler–Bernoulli beam. It consists of three segments along the axis and each segment has different geometric, mechanical, and inertial properties. The aeroelastic analysis takes into account spanwise out-of-plane bending and torsion only, for which the corresponding shape functions are derived and validated. The use of shape functions allows representing the wing as an equivalent aerofoil whose generalized coordinates are defined at the wingtip according to the Rayleigh–Ritz method. Theodorsen’s unsteady aerodynamic theory is used to estimate the aerodynamic loads. A representative Padé approximation for the Theodorsen’s transfer function is utilized to model the aerodynamic behaviors in state-space form allowing time-domain simulation and analysis. The effect of the segments’ mechanical, geometric, and inertial properties on the aeroelastic behavior of the wing is assessed. Finally, the viability of span morphing as a flutter suppression device is studied.
33
Cai, Hong Sheng, Xing Pei Liang, Jin Feng Geng, and Hui Wang. "Numerical Modeling of Welding Temperature in Centrifuge Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6022.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study is to develop a finite element analysis model that simulates the temperature profile in concrete-filled steel tubular structures during welding procedure in which several metal plates are fixed on the outer surface of steel tube to increase the strength and stiffness of it. In the present model, the thermal property such as thermal conductivity of the steel phase is assumed to be functions of temperature variable. Spatial and temporal distributions of temperature are illustrated under extreme weld heating conditions to investigate the behaviors of the structure at every time step. Simulation results indicate that the maximum value of temperature on the interface of steel and concrete caused by the weld heat source doesn’t damage the mechanical properties of concrete and steel.
34
De Marzo, Giordano, Francesco Sylos Labini, and Luciano Pietronero. "Zipf’s law for cosmic structures: How large are the greatest structures in the universe?" Astronomy & Astrophysics 651 (July 2021): A114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141081.
Full textAbstract:
The statistical characterization of the distribution of visible matter in the universe is a central problem in modern cosmology. In this respect, a crucial question still lacking a definitive answer concerns how large the greatest structures in the universe are. This point is closely related to whether or not such a distribution can be approximated as being homogeneous on large enough scales. Here we assess this problem by considering the size distribution of superclusters of galaxies and by leveraging the properties of Zipf–Mandelbrot law, providing a novel approach which complements the standard analysis based on the correlation functions. We find that galaxy superclusters are well described by a pure Zipf’s law with no deviations and this implies that all the catalogs currently available are not sufficiently large to spot a truncation in the power-law behavior. This finding provides evidence that structures larger than the greatest superclusters already observed are expected to be found when deeper redshift surveys will be completed. As a consequence, the scale beyond which galaxy distribution crossovers toward homogeneity, if any, should increase accordingly.
35
Liashenko, L., A. Panchenko, O. Shugailo, and M. Koliada. "Results of Structural Analysis of WWER-1000/320 Containment Behavior under Severe Accidents." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 4(88) (December 11, 2020): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2020.4(88).03.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents the review and evaluation of the containment prestressing system within reinforced concrete structures under seismic loads and severe accidents. Given the complex design of the containment, the detailed finite element model has been developed and used to describe real containment behavior. Containment stress and strain state was calculated by modern LIRA software. The first stage analyzed the results of WWER-1000/320 containment stress and strain state calculation under a combination of loads caused by maximum design basis accident (MDBA) and safe shutdown earthquake (SSE) and defined minimum acceptable tension of tendons. The research determines the minimum acceptable tension of tendons in the containment prestressing system, and evaluates the strength and reliability of containment structures under a combination of loads in normal operation + design-basis accident + maximum design earthquake (NO + DBA + MDE). The verification calculations have been performed using tendon tension of 780 ton-force in the cylindrical part of the containment and 760 ton-force in the containment dome.
The second stage covered the analysis of severe accident parameters (pressure and temperature) and the results of calculation. Stress and strain state in ZNPP-1 containment has been calculated, parameters (pressure and temperature) under which the containment can loss its protective and isolation functions have been identified, calculation results have been analysed and conclusions of containment structural integrity and ensuring the implementation of the design confining functions have been made. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that strength of the containment cylindrical part during a beyond design-basis accident cannot be ensured under parameters t (temperature) = 120°С, p (pressure) = 0.6 MPa.
36
BEN SLIMANE, MOURAD, ANOUAR BEN MABROUK, and JAMIL AOUIDI. "MIXED MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS FOR FUNCTIONS: GENERAL UPPER BOUND AND OPTIMAL RESULTS FOR VECTORS OF SELF-SIMILAR OR QUASI-SELF-SIMILAR OF FUNCTIONS AND THEIR SUPERPOSITIONS." Fractals 24, no. 04 (December 2016): 1650039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x16500390.
Full textAbstract:
Mixed multifractal analysis for functions studies the Hölder pointwise behavior of more than one single function. For a vector [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] functions, with [Formula: see text], we are interested in the mixed Hölder spectrum, which is the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points for which each function [Formula: see text] has exactly a given value [Formula: see text] of pointwise Hölder regularity. We will conjecture a formula which relates the mixed Hölder spectrum to some mixed averaged wavelet quantities of [Formula: see text]. We will prove an upper bound valid for any vector of uniform Hölder functions. Then we will prove the validity of the conjecture for self-similar vectors of functions, quasi-self-similar vectors and their superpositions. These functions are written as the superposition of similar structures at different scales, reminiscent of some possible modelization of turbulence or cascade models. Their expressions look also like wavelet decompositions.
37
Yang, Zhibo, Xuefeng Chen, Yumin He, Zhengjia He, and Jie Zhang. "The Analysis of Curved Beam Using B-Spline Wavelet on Interval Finite Element Method." Shock and Vibration 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/738162.
Full textAbstract:
A B-spline wavelet on interval (BSWI) finite element is developed for curved beams, and the static and free vibration behaviors of curved beam (arch) are investigated in this paper. Instead of the traditional polynomial interpolation, scaling functions at a certain scale have been adopted to form the shape functions and construct wavelet-based elements. Different from the process of the direct wavelet addition in the other wavelet numerical methods, the element displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansions is transformed from wavelet space to physical space by aid of the corresponding transformation matrix. Furthermore, compared with the commonly used Daubechies wavelet, BSWI has explicit expressions and excellent approximation properties, which guarantee satisfactory results. Numerical examples are performed to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency with respect to previously published formulations for curved beams.
38
Muschietti, L., I. Roth, R. E. Ergun, and C. W. Carlson. "Analysis and simulation of BGK electron holes." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 6, no. 3/4 (December 31, 1999): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-6-211-1999.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Recent observations from satellites crossing regions of magnetic-field-aligned electron streams reveal solitary potential structures that move at speeds much greater than the ion acoustic/thermal velocity. The structures appear as positive potential pulses rapidly drifting along the magnetic field, and are electrostatic in their rest frame. We interpret them as BGK electron holes supported by a drifting population of trapped electrons. Using Laplace transforms, we analyse the behavior of one phase-space electron hole. The resulting potential shapes and electron distribution functions are self-consistent and compatible with the field and particle data associated with the observed pulses. In particular, the spatial width increases with increasing amplitude. The stability of the analytic solution is tested by means of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation code with open boundaries. We consider a strongly magnetized parameter regime in which the bounce frequency of the trapped electrons is much less than their gyrofrequency. Our investigation includes the influence of the ions, which in the frame of the hole appear as an incident beam, and impinge on the BGK potential with considerable energy. The nonlinear structure is remarkably resilient
39
Tang, Qiansheng, Chaofeng Li, and Bangchun Wen. "Analysis on Forced Vibration of Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shell with Nonlinear Boundary Condition." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8978932.
Full textAbstract:
Forced vibration of thin-wall cylindrical shell under nonlinear boundary condition was discussed in this paper. The nonlinear boundary was modeled as supported clearance in one end of shell and the restraint was assumed as linearly elastic in the radial direction. Based on Sanders’ shell theory, Lagrange equation was utilized to derive the nonlinear governing equations of cylindrical shell. The displacements in three directions were represented by beam functions and trigonometric functions. In the study of nonlinear dynamic responses of thin-wall cylindrical shell with supported clearance under external loads, the Newmark method is used to obtain time history, frequency spectrum plot, phase portraits, Poincare section, bifurcation diagrams, and three-dimensional spectrum plot with different parameters. The effects of external loads, supported clearance, and support stiffness on nonlinear dynamics behaviors of cylindrical shell with nonlinear boundary condition were discussed.
40
S, Anjali Daisy. "BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR – HYPOTHALAMUS AND LIMBIC SYSTEM: THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF EMOTIONS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.19372.
Full textAbstract:
It is intuitive to understand how sensory information gets to the brain and how motor information can travel to the muscles together where these twosystems allow us to detect and respond to the world around us but how do we engage with that world, how do we determine what is important, andhow do we fall in the analysis. These higher cortical functions involve the complex interplay between neurotransmitters and hormones throughout theentire nervous system. There are two major anatomical behaviors; the limbic system and hypothalamus. These structures that support much highercortical functions hypothalamus is a very small structure but it is absolutely critical for life and it allows us to respond to both the internal and externalenvironment and to maintain homeostasis. The limbic system is important for learning and memory, and all emotional aspects of behavior importantlylimbic and hypothalamic structures are interconnected with each other. Let’s begin with an anatomical overview of the hypothalamus in the middlesection. You can delineate the hypothalamus from the thalamus through the hypothalamic sulcus anteriorly, the hypothalamus extends to the anteriorcommissure, and the optic chiasm inferiorly and it includes the mammillary bodies and extends to the infundibula stock where it communicateswith the pituitary glands. It is a coronal section through the brain. It is the third ventricle, you can identify the thalamus on either side of the thirdventricle and underneath; the thalamus is the hypothalamus and it extends laterally to these descending fiber bundles which are part of the internalcapsule. The hypothalamus is structurally part of the diencephalon but it functions as part of the limbic system through reciprocal connections. Ithelps to maintain homeostasis in the entire body through influences on the endocrine system and importantly through its primary influence onboth the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems; the limbic system is extremely old from an evolutionary perspective in its connections and it isinterposed between the hypothalamus and the neocortex and providing a bridge between endocrine visceral emotional and voluntary responses tothe environment.
41
Ferrick, M. G., P. B. Weyrick, and S. T. Hunnewell. "Analysis of river ice motion near a breaking front." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-011.
Full textAbstract:
Dynamic river ice breakup displays different behaviors depending on the physical characteristics of the river, the flow, and the ice cover. Although a quantitative theory of dynamic breakup is not yet available, one of the essential components of such a theory will be a description of the ice motion near the breaking front. In this paper we develop an analysis of this motion for a specific case. The analysis is generalized by allowing the speed of the breaking front to vary, and the parameters of the ice motion that are obtained represent different dynamic breakup behaviors that have been previously described. The results of the analysis include (i) the ice velocity, ice acceleration, and bank resistance at each point in a river reach as functions of time, (ii) the equilibrium ice velocity as a function of bank resistance and the ice velocity as a function of time for several initial and bank resistance conditions, and (iii) the time of ice motion, ice velocity, ice acceleration, and the convergence of the moving ice with distance from the breaking front. The measure of ice convergence quantifies the loss of surface area by the sheet required for ice continuity, and distinguishes the basic types of dynamic breakup. Key words: breaking front, dynamic ice breakup, ice continuity, ice convergence, ice motion, river ice.
42
Gao, Honghao, Danqi Chu, Yucong Duan, and Yuyu Yin. "Probabilistic Model Checking-Based Service Selection Method for Business Process Modeling." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 27, no. 06 (July 31, 2017): 897–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194017500334.
Full textAbstract:
Business process modeling is a way to the organizational change management, which provides abstract workflows to describe business logics for customer demands analysis and IT infrastructures improvement. In order to reuse business process for covering different application scopes, it requires the capacity of configuring each task of business process by selecting appropriate services from the candidate services set, and then assembling them together to properly work with each other as domain-specific software. Considering choosing an executable business process with high quality service (QoS), the service selection is regarded as the pivotal step of determining process instances since service displays probabilistic behaviors under the uncertainty of Internet making business process shown different reliability. In this paper, it proposes an approach to the service selection for business process modeling. In the first phase, the function similarity method is used to pick out services from service repository in order to build a set of candidate services, which checks the functions description to find matching services, especially service may publish one or more functions through multiple interfaces. In the second phase, the probabilistic model checking-based method is employed to the quantitative verification of process instances, which involves services composition and stochastic behaviors computing according to workflow structures. Then, corresponding algorithms are discussed for service selection purposes. Furthermore, it introduces the probabilistic model checking-based framework for prototype design and implementation. Finally, experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method comparing with traditional methods.
43
Hsu, Deh Shiu, Yung Feng Lee, Ping Cheng Huang, and Yu Ching Wu. "Implementation of Structural Control with Viscous Damper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.771.
Full textAbstract:
For the sake of safety of structures subjected to abnormal loadings, damper could be one of the effective devices to reduce the responses by the energy dispassion functions. Key points in the process of development and application of damper and aseismatic engineering are narrated. Due to the highly nonlinear behavior properties, most of the case studies aim on these kind of dynamic analysis only working on structures with elastic linearly behavior systems. In addition to the nonlinearly behavior of damper devices, structures behave into nonlinearly as well when subjected by abnormal excitation, for instance, severe earthquakes. Materials respond into nonlinearly beyond yielding or plastic hinges occurred somewhere in the controlled structures. Proper software package is used to calculate the responses of simple portal frames which are controlled with dampers allocated. Both of structures and damper devices are considered and behaved according to its nonlinearly properties. Responses beyond yielding of material are rationally analyzed and revealed in time history expressions.
44
Xu, Zhao-Shi, Ming Chen, Lian-Cheng Li, and You-Zhi Ma. "Functions of the ERF transcription factor family in plants." Botany 86, no. 9 (September 2008): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-041.
Full textAbstract:
Ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) play vital regulatory roles in a variety of developmental processes and stress responses in plants. In this study, ERF family genes in a wide range of plant species were classified into 8 clusters and 14 subclusters on the basis of phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, and biological functions. ERF genes, especially those in Clusters II and VII, can be used as candidates to improve crop-plant resistance because their over-expression enhances multiple disease resistances and improves tolerances to drought, salt, and freezing in transgenic plants. The comprehensive analysis of phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and physiological functions is useful in elucidating the biological roles of ERF family genes in signal transduction, gene regulation, and defense response under stress environments.
45
Ly, Sel, Kim-Hung Pho, Sal Ly, and Wing-Keung Wong. "Determining Distribution for the Quotients of Dependent and Independent Random Variables by Using Copulas." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 12, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm12010042.
Full textAbstract:
Determining distributions of the functions of random variables is a very important problem with a wide range of applications in Risk Management, Finance, Economics, Science, and many other areas. This paper develops the theory on both density and distribution functions for the quotient Y = X 1 X 2 and the ratio of one variable over the sum of two variables Z = X 1 X 1 + X 2 of two dependent or independent random variables X 1 and X 2 by using copulas to capture the structures between X 1 and X 2 . Thereafter, we extend the theory by establishing the density and distribution functions for the quotients Y = X 1 X 2 and Z = X 1 X 1 + X 2 of two dependent normal random variables X 1 and X 2 in the case of Gaussian copulas. We then develop the theory on the median for the ratios of both Y and Z on two normal random variables X 1 and X 2 . Furthermore, we extend the result of median for Z to a larger family of symmetric distributions and symmetric copulas of X 1 and X 2 . Our results are the foundation of any further study that relies on the density and cumulative probability functions of ratios for two dependent or independent random variables. Since the densities and distributions of the ratios of both Y and Z are in terms of integrals and are very complicated, their exact forms cannot be obtained. To circumvent the difficulty, this paper introduces the Monte Carlo algorithm, numerical analysis, and graphical approach to efficiently compute the complicated integrals and study the behaviors of density and distribution. We illustrate our proposed approaches by using a simulation study with ratios of normal random variables on several different copulas, including Gaussian, Student-t, Clayton, Gumbel, Frank, and Joe Copulas. We find that copulas make big impacts from different Copulas on behavior of distributions, especially on median, spread, scale and skewness effects. In addition, we also discuss the behaviors via all copulas above with the same Kendall’s coefficient. The approaches developed in this paper are flexible and have a wide range of applications for both symmetric and non-symmetric distributions and also for both skewed and non-skewed copulas with absolutely continuous random variables that could contain a negative range, for instance, generalized skewed-t distribution and skewed-t Copulas. Thus, our findings are useful for academics, practitioners, and policy makers.
46
Sartori, Pablo, and Stanislas Leibler. "Lessons from equilibrium statistical physics regarding the assembly of protein complexes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1911028117.
Full textAbstract:
Cellular functions are established through biological evolution, but are constrained by the laws of physics. For instance, the physics of protein folding limits the lengths of cellular polypeptide chains. Consequently, many cellular functions are carried out not by long, isolated proteins, but rather by multiprotein complexes. Protein complexes themselves do not escape physical constraints, one of the most important being the difficulty of assembling reliably in the presence of cellular noise. In order to lay the foundation for a theory of reliable protein complex assembly, we study here an equilibrium thermodynamic model of self-assembly that exhibits 4 distinct assembly behaviors: diluted protein solution, liquid mixture, “chimeric assembly,” and “multifarious assembly.” In the latter regime, different protein complexes can coexist without forming erroneous chimeric structures. We show that 2 conditions have to be fulfilled to attain this regime: 1) The composition of the complexes needs to be sufficiently heterogeneous, and 2) the use of the set of components by the complexes has to be sparse. Our analysis of publicly available databases of protein complexes indicates that cellular protein systems might have indeed evolved so as to satisfy both of these conditions.
47
Dhamodaran, M., and R. Dhanasekaran. "Comparison of Computational Electromagnetics for Electrostatic Analysis." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 3, no. 3 (July 2014): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2014070106.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents comparative studies on different numerical methods like method of moments (MOM), Boundary Element Method (BEM), Finite element method (FEM), Finite difference method (FDM), Charge Simulation method (CSM) and Surface charge method. The evaluation of the capacitance of various structures having different geometrical shapes is importance to study the behavior of electrostatic charge analysis. The MOM is based upon the transformation of an integral equation, into a matrix equation by employing expansion of the unknown in terms of known basis functions with unknown coefficients such as charge distribution and hence the capacitance is to be determined. To illustrate the usefulness of this technique, apply these methods to the computation of capacitance of different conducting shapes. This paper reviews the results of computing the capacitance-per-unit length with the other methods. The capacitance of charged conducting plates is reviewed by different methods.
48
Belkourchia, Yassin, and Lahcen Azrar. "A New Numerical Procedure for Vibration Analysis of Beam under Impulse and Multiharmonics Piezoelectric Actuators." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2020 (August 28, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7391848.
Full textAbstract:
The dynamic behavior of structures with piezoelectric patches is governed by partial differential equations with strong singularities. To directly deal with these equations, well adapted numerical procedures are required. In this work, the differential quadrature method (DQM) combined with a regularization procedure for space and implicit scheme for time discretization is used. The DQM is a simple method that can be implemented with few grid points and can give results with a good accuracy. However, the DQM presents some difficulties when applied to partial differential equations involving strong singularities. This is due to the fact that the subsidiaries of the singular functions cannot be straightforwardly discretized by the DQM. A methodological approach based on the regularization procedure is used here to overcome this difficulty and the derivatives of the Dirac-delta function are replaced by regularized smooth functions. Thanks to this regularization, the resulting differential equations can be directly discretized using the DQM. The efficiency and applicability of the proposed approach are demonstrated in the computation of the dynamic behavior of beams for various boundary conditions and excited by impulse and Multiharmonics piezoelectric actuators. The obtained numerical results are well compared to the developed analytical solution.
49
Zhang, Lei, Aimin Ji, Weidong Zhu, and Liping Peng. "On the Identification of Sectional Deformation Modes of Thin-Walled Structures with Doubly Symmetric Cross-Sections Based on the Shell-Like Deformation." Symmetry 10, no. 12 (December 16, 2018): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10120759.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, a new approach is proposed to identify sectional deformation modes of the doubly symmetric thin-walled cross-section, which are to be employed in formulating a one-dimensional model of thin-walled structures. The approach considers the three-dimensional displacement field of the structure as the linear superposition of a set of sectional deformation modes. To retrieve these modes, the modal analysis of a thin-walled structure is carried out based on shell/plate theory, with the shell-like deformation shapes extracted. The components of classical modes are removed from these shapes based on a novel criterion, with residual deformation shapes left. By introducing benchmark points, these shapes are further classified into several deformation patterns, and within each pattern, higher-order deformation modes are derived by removing the components of identified ones. Considering the doubly symmetric cross-section, these modes are approximated with shape functions applying the interpolation method. The identified modes are finally used to deduce the governing equations of the thin-walled structure, applying Hamilton’s principle. Numerical examples are also presented to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the new model in reproducing three-dimensional behaviors of thin-walled structures.
50
Abouchouar, Abdallah, Fouzia Omary, and Khadija Achkoun. "New concept for cryptographic construction design based on noniterative behavior." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v9.i2.pp229-235.
Full textAbstract:
<span>Nowadays, cryptography especially hash functions require to move from classical paradigms to an original concept able to handle security issues and new hardware architecture challenges as in distributed systems. In fact, most of current hash functions apply the same design pattern that was proved vulnerable against security threats; hence the impact of a potential weakness can be costly. Thus, the solution begins with a deep analysis of divers attack strategies; this way can lead to finding a new approach that enables new innovative and reliable candidates as alternative hash functions. So to achieve this goal, in this article we introduce a new construction design that consists of a non-iterative behavior by combining a parallel block processing and a sequential xor addition process, in order to provide a secure design without changing the expected goal of a hash function, at the same time avoid the use of vulnerable structures.</span>