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Journal articles on the topic 'Structures de chaussée'

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1

ALLOU, Fatima. "Comportement à long terme des graves non traités Application au calcul de structures de chaussée." Revue Européenne de Génie Civil 10, no. 8 (September 2006): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2006.9692871.

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2

Bouffard, Mélanie, Yves Leblanc, Yves Bédard, and Donald Martel. "Impacts de clôtures métalliques et de passages fauniques sur la sécurité routière et le déplacement des orignaux le long de la route 175 au Québec." Projets entourant la route 175 136, no. 2 (May 11, 2012): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009100ar.

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Les collisions de véhicules avec les orignaux, un phénomène qui représente une préoccupation majeure pour la sécurité routière, sont en augmentation depuis plusieurs années au Québec. Par exemple, plus de 50 collisions ont été répertoriées annuellement sur la route 175, un tronçon routier en réfection qui traverse la réserve faunique des Laurentides et qui est récemment passé de 2 à 4 voies. À échéance, 67 km de cette route auront été clôturés pour réduire les collisions impliquant l’orignal. Nos travaux visaient à documenter les impacts des clôtures métalliques hautes (2,4 m) et des structures connexes (passages fauniques, sorties d’urgence pour orignal, passages routiers anti-cervidés, etc.) qu’on y a installées sur la sécurité routière et le déplacement de l’orignal. Après 5 années de suivi, les occurrences d’orignaux à l’intérieur de l’emprise clôturée ont diminué de plus de 95 %, réduisant la fréquence annuelle des collisions avec des véhicules de 7,5 collisions (en 2006 et 2007) à aucune (en 2008 et 2009) dans la zone clôturée. En parallèle, la fréquentation des passages fauniques sous la route par les orignaux s’est accrue de 48 % entre 2009 et 2010 (de 189 à 279 passages documentés). Bien que les clôtures métalliques hautes se soient avérées très efficaces pour limiter les déplacements d’orignaux sur la chaussée et réduire les risques de collisions, la croissance des populations et la modification des patrons de déplacement de l’orignal semblent avoir engendré de nouvelles zones à risque le long de la route réaménagée.
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3

Richard, Marc J., Guy Doré, Vladislav Vassev, and Nicolas Fradette. "Étude des conséquences de la détérioration de l’uni des chaussées sur le comportement des véhicules et la sécurité des usagers de la route." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 3 (March 2009): 504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-139.

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Le véhicule routier est devenu le moyen de transport le plus utilisé au monde. Ainsi, les artères routières sont devenues beaucoup plus chargées et exploitées, ce qui a entraîné une détérioration accélérée des surfaces des chaussées. Cette détérioration est d’autant plus importante dans les régions nordiques, comme le Québec, où les conditions hivernales sont également une cause importante de dégradation des chaussées. L’avancement de la technologie informatique nous permet, aujourd’hui, de procéder à des simulations dynamiques tenant compte des conditions routières ainsi que des caractéristiques de différents véhicules. En conséquence, nous pouvons simuler avec une grande fiabilité le comportement dynamique de différents types de voitures, et ceci nous permet d’analyser les influences de plusieurs caractéristiques routières, en particulier la forte influence de l’indice de rugosité international (IRI) sur le confort et la sécurité.
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4

Do, Minh-Tan, Gilles Chanvillard, Claude Lupien, and Pierre-Claude Aïtcin. "Étude en laboratoire de l'adhérence béton de resurfaçage - dalle de chaussée." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 6 (December 1, 1992): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-124.

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This paper presents a laboratory study on the bonding of a concrete overlay to an old slab. The main variables of the study were the bonding agents and the initial slab temperature when the overlay was placed. A flexure test setup, based on the theory of beams of elastic foundation, was developed. The results obtained were compared with those of the slant–shear test. Key words: bonding agent, debonding, elastic foundation, interface, beam.
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5

Bilodeau, Jean-Pascal, Guy Doré, and Pascale Pierre. "Optimisation de la granulométrie des matériaux granulaires de fondation des chaussées." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 10 (October 2010): 1350–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-083.

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Les matériaux granulaires de fondations de chaussées jouent un rôle structural important mais sont aussi affectés par l’environnement. La granulométrie et la source de granulats vont changer la façon dont ces matériaux réagissent à ces sollicitations. Cette étude cherche donc à évaluer la performance globale des matériaux granulaires face aux contraintes mécanique et environnementale. Le module réversible, la déformation permanente, la gélivité et la conductivité hydraulique ont été mesurés pour six granulométries et trois sources. Les résultats montrent l’effet significatif de la granulométrie et de la source dans le contexte d’un fuseau granulaire et permettent de suggérer des fenêtres de performance granulométrique adaptées à des contextes de performance typiques. Ces effets de la granulométrie et de la source peuvent atteindre des facteurs 14 et 7 d’un point de sensibilité aux contraintes environnementales et des facteurs 3 et 2,5 d’un point de vue de la sensibilité aux contraintes mécaniques.
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6

Corte, Jean-Francois, Jean-Pierre Serfass, Yves Brosseaud, and André Joly. "Experiments with Cold Mixes on Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées Fatigue Test Track: Behavior under Traffic Loads, Mechanical Characteristics, and Modeling." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1540, no. 1 (January 1996): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154000116.

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A joint experiment has been set up by Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées and SCREG using the Nantes circular test track. Four pavement structures have been constructed, each consisting of a layer of graded crushed aggregate and 10 cm of bituminous material. The bituminous mixes are made up of a reference base hot mix, a reference conventional emulsion-bound granular material, a double-coated cold mix, and an experimental special emulsion-bound granular material. Sub-grade low bearing capacity and limited pavement thicknesses resulted in high deflections. The structures were submitted to 1,900,000 loadings of 6.5 t dual wheels. Loading was carried out in two phases: consolidation, then fatigue. Monitoring of the structures' behavior showed that deflections remained high and rutting occurred in subjacent untreated materials, but not in the bituminous mixes. High strains were recorded in the cold mixes. Cracks became visible fairly early in the four structures. They nevertheless withstood the loadings without requiring any maintenance. Besides, numerous laboratory tests were carried out on laboratory mixes and samples taken from in situ layers: compressive strength, resistance to water, compactability with gyratory shear compactor, and static and dynamic moduli. The results enabled a more complete characterization of cold mixes. They also validated the concept of the innovative cold mixes tested. Finally, theoretical analysis was conducted, resulting in a fairly satisfactory structure modeling, using materials nonlinearity.
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7

Caminada, Paul. "Der Simplonpass einst und heute - eine “Chaussée”, die in Paris als “Königin der Alpenstrassen” propagiert wurde." Bautechnik 88, no. 1 (December 28, 2010): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bate.201090160.

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8

Youdjari, Djonkamla, Guy Doré, and Jean-Pascal Bilodeau. "Calibration et validation d’un modèle de prédiction de l’uni des chaussées flexibles." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 44, no. 9 (September 2017): 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0016.

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9

Sybilski, Dariusz. "Zero-Shear Viscosity of Bituminous Binder and Its Relation to Bituminous Mixture's Rutting Resistance." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1535, no. 1 (January 1996): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153500103.

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When testing viscosity of polymer-bitumen systems a question arises about interpretation of results as those systems behave as non-Newtonian liquids. A simple equation modeling non-Newtonian behavior of polymer-bitumens was proposed (which is a simplified version of the CROSS model). The equation used enables the calculation of zero-shear viscosity η0 from viscosity measurements conducted under various shear conditions, that is, with rotational viscometer at different shear rates (stresses). Test results are presented of several polymer-modified bituminous binders before and after Thin film oven test aging and discussion of non-Newtonian behavior. The wheel tracking test (Laboratoric Central des Ponts et Chaussées) was conducted for asphalt concrete with several bituminous binders, either plain bitumens or polymer modified. To estimate bituminous mixture's rutting resistance, a new relationship has been proposed to calculate N10 (wheel passes number to rut depth 10 mm). Close correlation was found between N10 and zero-shear (or absolute) viscosity of binders at 60°C, both conventional and polymer modified.
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10

Chanvillard, Gilles, and Pierre-Claude Aïtcin. "Les resurfaçages minces adhérents en béton renforcé de fibres comme méthode de réhabilitation des chaussées de béton." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 4 (August 1, 1990): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-060.

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The progressive and rapid deterioration of cement concrete road systems makes frequent rehabilitation necessary if an acceptable level of service is to be maintained. When a road's structural capacity is still satisfactory, simple resurfacing to correct surface faults is an acceptable option. Several different types of resurfacing are possible, depending on adhesion developed at the interface. Dimensioning and selection of application techniques are still today purely empirical matters. However, major discoveries have been made about the behaviour of overlays, especially regarding cracking. For example, reflection in the overlay of the cracks of the old pavement is inevitable with a bonded interface. The old cracks must, therefore, be repaired first. However, with steel fibre reinforced concrete, the knitting effect of the fibres will stabilize the cracks. Road-work performed along autoroute 40 in the suburbs of Montreal provided an opportunity to monitor the behaviour of a thin bonded overlay of fibre-reinforced concrete. Examination of the road more than 2 years after it was recommissioned clearly indicated that the fibres had a positive effect on the condition of the road. Key words: rehabilitation, resurfacing, roads, concrete, steel fibre, cracking, bonding. [Journal translation]
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11

Boucart, E. "Simulation du retrait thermique à basse température et de la fissuration transversale d'une chaussée recyclée par Retraitement à Haute Performance (RHP)." Materials and Structures 38, no. 275 (December 23, 2004): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/13940.

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12

Boucart, E., J. M. Konrad, and M. Pigeon. "Simulation du retrait thermique à basse température et de la fissuration transversale d'une chaussée recyclée par Retraitement à Haute Performance (RHP)." Materials and Structures 38, no. 1 (January 2005): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02480585.

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13

Boutonnet, Michel, Yves Savard, Patrick Lerat, Denis St-Laurent, and Nadia Pouliot. "Thermal Aspect of Frost-Thaw Pavement Dimensioning: In Situ Measurement and Numerical Modeling." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1821, no. 1 (January 2003): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1821-01.

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The thermal behavior of pavements in winter has a major influence on their dimensioning. The Paris-based Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées and the Ministère des Transports du Quebec have models to forecast the propagation of frost, frost heave, and thaw events. They have developed a collaborative project to validate these models on an experimental pavement. This pavement was constructed in Quebec in 1998, and its thermal behavior was monitored for 3 years. Two pavements, one with a cement-treated base and one with a hot-mix asphalt pavement, were selected. Two test beds were constructed on each pavement. One test bed was thermally insulated by a layer of extruded polystyrene, and the second was not. The SSR, GEL1D, and CESAR–GELS thermal models; the site and the temperature conditions of the three winters; the pavement structures and their physical properties; the instrumentation setup; and the analysis and comparison of the results of the models among themselves and in relation to the observations conducted on the pavements were assessed. The models provided a satisfactory estimate of frost penetrations, with less than 10% deviation observed between the measured and calculated depths. The deviations between the results of the different models are explained by the differences between the modeling principles. The size and quality of the database constituted will make it possible to improve the thermal forecasting models through more in-depth studies.
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14

Abu-Farsakh, Murad Y., Mohsen Amirmojahedi, and George Z. Voyiadjis. "Development of Combined Pile-CPT Methods for Estimating the Ultimate Axial Capacity of PPC Piles Driven in Different Soil Categories in Louisiana." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 2 (February 2020): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120907325.

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The cone and piezocone penetration tests (CPT, PCPT) have been widely acknowledged as useful in-situ testing tools for subsurface investigation, characterization of soil type, and evaluation of different soil properties. Because of similarity between the cone and pile, the evaluation of axial pile capacity was one of initial applications of the CPT/PCPT. A previous study conducted by the authors on 80 pile load tests of precast prestressed concrete (PPC) piles demonstrated that some pile-CPT methods are able to predict the ultimate axial pile capacity with better accuracy than other methods. These methods include: Schmertmann, De Ruiter and Beringen, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), European Regional Technical Committee 3 (ERTC3), University of Western Australia (UWA), probabilistic, and University of Florida (UF) methods. The results of these seven pile-CPT methods were compared and their performance was examined for different soil categories where different percentages of pile capacity contribution is because of sandy layers. The log-normal distribution of the estimated to measured pile capacity for these pile-CPT methods was adopted to develop combined pile-CPT methods that optimize the estimation accuracy of axial pile capacity in different soil categories. Reliability analysis using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) was used to evaluate the resistance factors ( ϕ) and efficiency ( ϕ/ λR) of the individual and combined pile-CPT methods. Results of analysis of 80 pile load tests demonstrated the advantage of using the combined pile-CPT methods over the individual methods in relation to improving the accuracy of estimating the ultimate axial pile capacity and having better resistance factors.
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15

"Retaining structures reinforced by geotextiles. Research experience of the Laboratories des Ponts et Chaussees (in French)." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 25, no. 5 (October 1988): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(88)90314-2.

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