Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Structures de gouvernance'
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Duaso, Calés Rosario. "Principe de finalité, protection des renseignements personnels et secteur public : étude sur la gouvernance des structures en réseau." Thèse, Paris 2, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12714.
Full textLa question de la protection des renseignements personnels présente des enjeux majeurs dans le contexte des réseaux. Les premières lois en la matière au Canada et en Europe avaient pour base une série de principes qui sont encore aujourd’hui d’actualité. Toutefois, l’arrivée d’Internet et des structures en réseau permettant l’échange d’un nombre infini d’informations entre organismes et personnes ont changé la donne et induisent de nouveaux risques informationnels. Le principe de finalité, pierre angulaire des systèmes de protection des renseignements personnels, postule le caractère adéquat, pertinent et non excessif des informations collectées par rapport à l’objet du traitement et exige qu’elles soient uniquement utilisées à des fins compatibles avec la finalité initiale. Nous retracerons l’historique de ce principe et analyserons la manière dont la doctrine, la jurisprudence et les décisions du CPVPC comme de la CNIL ont contribué à délimiter ses contours. Nous étudierons comment ce principe se manifeste dans la structure en réseau de l’administration électronique ou du gouvernement électronique et nous relèverons les nouveautés majeures que présente l’État en réseau par rapport au modèle d’État en silo, ainsi que la nécessité d’une gouvernance adaptée à cette structure. Nous examinerons également la présence de standards juridiques et de notions à contenus variable dans le domaine de la protection des renseignements personnels et nous tenterons de montrer comment la finalité, en tant que principe ou standard, a les capacités de s’adapter aux exigences de proportionnalité, d’ajustement et de mutation continuelle qui sont aujourd’hui au cœur des défis de la gouvernance des réseaux. Finalement, il sera question de présenter quelques pistes pour l’adoption de mécanismes d’adaptation « réseautique » pour la protection des renseignements personnels et de montrer dans quelle mesure ce droit, capable de créer un cadre de protection adéquat, est également un « droit en réseau » qui possède tous les attributs du « droit post-moderne », attributs qui vont rendre possible une adaptation propre à protéger effectivement les renseignements personnels dans les structures, toujours changeantes, où circulent aujourd’hui les informations.
Personal data protection poses significant challenges in the context of networks. The first laws on this matter both in Canada and in Europe were based on a series of principles that remain valid today. Nevertheless, Internet and the development of network-based structures that enable infinite exchange of information between institutions and individuals are changing the priorities and, at the same time, present new risks related to data protection. The purpose principle, which is the personal data protection systems cornerstone, stresses the relevance and adequate yet not excessive nature of the collected information vis à vis the objective of data collection. The purpose principle also requires that the information shall not further be processed in a way incompatible with the initial purpose. We will describe the origins and evolution of this principle, as well as its present relevance and scope analysing the doctrine, jurisprudence and decisions of the Office of the Privacy Commissioner in Canada and of the Commission nationale de l’informatique et des libertés (CNIL) in France. We will also examine how this principle is reflected in the network structure of the digital administration and of the electronic government. We will also underline the differences between a network-based State and a « silo-based » State, each needing its structure of governance. Within the context of personal data protection, we will explore the presence of legal standards and of concepts with a changing nature. An effort will be made to highlight how purpose, be it as a principle or as a standard, has the capacity to adapt to the requirements of the core principles of the current network governance, such as proportionality, adjustment and continuous mutation. Finally, the objective is to reflect on some personal data protection network adaptation mechanisms, and to demonstrate how personal data protection can work in a network that includes all « post-modern law » elements that allow for true adaptation for effective personal data protection within the ever changing structures where data is being exchanged.
Cholez, Célia. "Structures de gouvernance des transactions et dynamique des connaissances inter-firmes dans la création de filière : application aux contrats de production dans le secteur des grandes cultures en France." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0075.
Full textThis thesis analyses how transaction governance structures foster the creation and diffusion of knowledge between firms, in particular in the context of emerging supply chains. The analysisrelies on several cases studies on crop diversification supply chains (such as linseed, fababean, pea or lupin), based on production contracts in the French field crop sector. In a context of agroecological transition, supply-chain development involves technical changes and a need forrenewing stakeholder’s knowledge. In order to understand the link between contractualcoordination and inter-firms knowledge dynamics, this thesis draws on new institutional economics – especially transaction costs theory – and innovation economics and strategic management,especially organizational learning approaches. This thesis explains the supply-chain organizationaldiversity encountered in accordance with a trade-off that depends on the level of technicaluncertainty in the supply chain itself, i.e. depending on stakeholders’ need for new knowledge.Firstly, we examine the transaction costs theory alignment principle according to specific human assets in crop diversification supply-chains. Secondly, we show that hybrid governance structuresgenerate inter-firm learning. Indeed, contractualization acts as a cognitive artefact by enhancinginterfirm interactions and knowledge capitalization devices. Finally, the thesis shows thatgovernance structures choice depends on a trade-off between short-term transaction costseconomizing and medium-term value creation thanks to knowledge development
Zagainova, Anastassiya. "La corruption institutionnalisée : un nouveau concept issu de l'analyse du monde émergent." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921574.
Full textAchwoka, Jacqueline Walubwa. "Recognition of Informal Norms in Creating Resilient Water Management Structures : The Case of Soweto East, Nairobi." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30066/document.
Full textCities are made up of assemblages of incoherent wholes which co-exist together in a seemingly placid or tolerating mode of existence. Due to their nature and neo-liberalist policies governing them, the urban services are assumed to be provided in the right quantities and the right time for all, which is not always the case as many interests are at play contesting the powers that are. Water – a basic good and right enshrined in many nations’ constitutions is still a far cry for all, is at the crux of this thesis in which a case study of Soweto East – a routinely marginalized heavily contested ‘ghetto’ space in which the residents have suffered historical neglect and injustice in the provision of basic urban goods and services and a site of several failed development interventions which foster urban injustice and further entrench the lack of the right to dwell in the city- has been used to depict the governance of a water system to ensure resilience and sustainability in the wake of the Sustainable Development Goals. Using the Governance Analytical Framework, this thesis unpackages the contested s(p)laces where dwellers have democratically organized themselves to take charge of their destiny by creating systems that utilize both the statutory norms and informal norms in differing measures to ensure that they can lay claim on water services. The system boasts of a rich interwoven tapestry of both historical and current claims for its being. The research explores the different roles and relationships existing between the various actors who move in between discourses of the local realities, relying on their local political economy to define or adapt to the actualization of the basic human right to a descent livelihood in the city and minimize the scarcity of these urban goods and services. Mixed method research infused with ethnography and archival material demonstrated the unique governance features of this particular system which is a model of a non-conformist emergent space where the dwellers are critical in governing their water system using the informal norms and systems
Loridan-Baudrier, Audrey. "Coûts de coordination, structures de gouvernance réglementaire et environnement institutionnel : une analyse économique néo-institutionnelle de la mise en oeuvre du cadre réglementaire européen des communications électroniques." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165182.
Full textLoridan-Baudrier, Audrey. "Coûts de coordination, structures de gouvernance réglementaire et environnement institutionnel : une analyse économique néo-institutionnelle de la mise en œuvre du cadre réglementaire européen des communications électroniques." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165182.
Full textCette problématique nous a conduit à mobiliser les concepts de la théorie des coûts de transaction et à adopter une approche contractuelle de la régulation. Notre analyse pointe l'influence de l'environnement institutionnel européen sur le choix des modalités de mise en oeuvre de la régulation des marchés pertinents. Partant d'une analyse comparative des formes possibles de la régulation, nous défendons la thèse que la structure de gouvernance issue de la réforme répond au besoin de garanties face à l'incertitude, au pouvoir discrétionnaire et au risque d'opportunisme dans un contexte incertain. La dispersion des pouvoirs et des compétences apparaît délibérée. Elle sert des intérêts légitimes comme l'équilibre des pouvoirs et la transparence des relations entre les autorités nationales de régulation et de la concurrence, les institutions européennes et les acteurs du marché.
Lopez, Ponton Erika. "Réglementation et choix organisationnel. Le cas du transport maritime et intermodal en Europe et aux Etats-Unis." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165177.
Full textDeux propositions sont soutenues. Premièrement, la faible part du transport intermodal en Europe s'explique par l'inefficacité du choix de la gouvernance pour encadrer les échanges entre opérateurs intermodaux et armateurs. Cette proposition se fonde sur l'avancée de la théorie des coûts de transaction selon laquelle la gouvernance doit s'aligner sur les caractéristiques des transactions dans un souci d'efficacité, donc de minimisation des coûts de production et de transaction (Williamson 1985).
Deuxièmement, l'environnement réglementaire est une contrainte pour le développement du transport intermodal offert par les armateurs. Cette proposition repose sur les apports de North (1990) et de Williamson (1993) selon lesquels les règles du jeu ont une influence sur le choix organisationnel des agents.
Les résultats de cette thèse identifient la coopération verticale et horizontale comme la gouvernance permettant de maîtriser les problèmes techniques du transport intermodal et de protéger les investissements nécessaires au développement de ce service en Europe. Le cas américain est illustrateur dans la mesure où le déclin du ferroviaire des années 80 a été surmonté grâce aux changements réglementaires et organisationnels.
Medappa, Poonacha. "Essays on Value Creation in the Open Source Phenomenon : Understanding the Influence of Work Structures, Team Composition, and Community Ideologies." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLH007.
Full textThis dissertation comprising three essays explores the value creation mechanisms associated with the work structures, team composition, and community ideologies of open source software projects. The first essay examines the unique nature of open source work which is dominated by the sequential layering of individual tasks. This essay theorizes the motivational mechanisms associated with the work structures of open source projects and examines their influence on project success. While the first essay establishes the importance of task-work organization in open source projects, the second essay expands the inquiry into the role of team composition in the project’s success. Building on the theories of coordination and network governance, this essay studies the influence of source code access restrictions imposed on team members in mitigating coordination challenges. The third essay pursues an overarching view of the open source community by examining the ideological foundations of the community and studies its influence on project success. The essay scrutinizes two ideological shifts seen in the open source community that have altered the beliefs of ‘openness’ and ‘prevention of commercial appropriation’, on which the open source phenomenon was founded
Kouzmine, Yael. "DYNAMIQUES ET MUTATIONS TERRITORIALES DU SAHARA ALGERIEN VERS DE NOUVELLES APPROCHES FONDÉES SUR L'OBSERVATION." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00256791.
Full textCette recherche sous-tend deux objectifs complémentaires. Le premier consiste à développer une grille de lecture des structures territoriales sahariennes et de leurs dynamiques. Elle met en œuvre une approche pluri-disciplinaire appliquée à différents échelles spatiales. Le second objectif est de mener une réflexion sur les apports des concepts et des outils de gestion et de gouvernance territoriale pour proposer une approche originale de l'observation territoriale du Sahara.
Claudepierre, Bruno. "Conceptualisation de la Gouvernance des Systèmes d'Information : Structure et Démarche pour la Construction des Systèmes d'Information de Gouvernance." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00748984.
Full textKhenissi, Mohamed. "Rémunération des dirigeants et gouvernance des entreprises." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22007/document.
Full textThe objective of this research was to identify the different processes and key actors involved in defining executive's income but also the logic with which decisions are made. To address this issue, a three-step approach was used in which a research question was raised in each one. First of all, the link between performance and income in the French context will be assessed. Then, the role of governance mechanisms on executives ‘salary will be established. Finally, the different actors and mechanisms in determining salary’s policy will be analyzed. For each article, a conceptual framework was developed based on two complementary theoretical perspectives. The first two items are positioned in the disciplinary perspective shareholder, while the third item is placed in wider governance. Theoretical frameworks presented were faced with the test of reality. This Analysis was conducted through quantitative method for items 1 and 2 (linear regression) and qualitative method in the third article (Vinci case study). The first results show that CEO’s incomes from listed French companies are positively related to shareholder wealth. In addition, and contrary to Roe’s hypothesis (2001), the total compensation of French leaders have an incentive base greater than in U.S. companies. Secondly, none of the mechanisms studied (board of directors, compensation committee and ownership structure) has a significant impact on the sensitivity of Salary - performance. Finally, the decision-making process concerning executive’s compensation may be strongly influenced by the leader himself (due to relational networks or behavioral biases) and other stakeholder governance mechanisms (media and judicial remedy)
Nguyen, Thi Lam Anh. "Gouvernance d’entreprise, diversification et efficience des banques de six pays de l’ASEAN." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2D004/document.
Full textThis thesis consists of three empirical essays examining the efficiency levels and the effects of corporate governance and diversification on efficiency of ASEAN banks. Chapter 1 uses Kumbhakar et al.’s (2014) SFA to measure the efficiency levels of ASEAN commercial banks. The results show that ASEAN banks are highly cost efficient but very low profit efficient. Malaysian banks are found to be the most profit efficient but the least cost efficient, while Indonesian banks are the least profit efficient but the most cost efficient. No general trend of increasing or decreasing in efficiency levels is found for the whole sample. In chapter2, to estimate the impacts of various aspects of corporate governance on bank efficiency, the Dynamic System GMM is used with the purpose of control for all forms of endogeneity. The results suggest that banks with higher degrees of government ownership and lower levels of board independence exhibit higher levels of cost efficiency. In addition, no significant evidence is found for the effects of ownership structure and board characteristics on profit efficiency. Chapter 3 estimates the influence of diversification on bank efficiency. The general findings suggest a positive relationship between diversification and cost efficiency buta negative relationship between diversification and profit efficiency. On the other hand, funding-diversified banks associated with government ownership demonstrate higher cost efficiency but lower profit efficiency compared to other banks. While, funding and asset diversification could make foreign banks less profit efficient
Lee, Joon Tae. "Structure de propriété, stratégies de diversification et gouvernance des entreprises coréennes." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://publications.univ-tlse1.fr/689/.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the ownership structure of Korean firms. We analyze how the chaebol family organize the shareholding structure in order to control all the firms of group with a small fraction of capital, and how this ownership structure influences the strategic choices, notably the diversification, the corporate governance, and the performance. Our analysis distinguishes two analysis periods (before and after the financial crisis of 1997) and two analysis objects (group and firm). Three empirical analyses are made. According to our results, the family ownership exercises an influence on the strategic choices as regards diversification. The family shareholder could diversify the activities of the firm to serve his own interests at the cost of the minority shareholders. The ownership structure influences only the market performance. The market does not prefer the firms with family concentrated-ownership. Foreign capital may improve the Korean corporate governance, which exercises a positive influence on the market performance. The impact of the corporate governance on the market performance depends on the ownership structure
Kessentini, Mouna. "Performance et gouvernance bancaire : le cas des banques islamiques." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0055.
Full textMaurice, Yao. "Maturité de la dette, qualité de l'information financière et gouvernance d'entreprise." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD023.
Full textThis thesis consists of three essays aims to examine the determinants of corporate debt maturity. The first essay examines the link between ownership structure and debt maturity using a sample of French companies. Our results show that the monitoring by short-term debt can, to a certain extent, to be a substitute for traditional governance mechanisms such as ownership structure. The second essay examines the relation between financial reporting quality and debt maturity using a sample of European companies. We study specifically the effect of earnings management on debt maturity. We find that firms with high earnings management activities are associated with less long-term debt. In additional analysis, we observe that the negative link between earnings management and long-term debt holds only in code law countries. Finally, the third essay analyzes in the French context of joint audit, whether the presence of reputable auditors is associated with debt maturity. The study shows that appointing Big 4 auditors is positively associated with long term debt
Lee, Ji-Yong. "La gouvernance d'entreprise et l'hybridation : le cas de l'Asie." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40022/document.
Full textUnderstanding of the changes in corporate governance lies at the heart of contemporary debates about transformation of capitalism. Asia is no exception to this phenomenon. Asia’s corporate governance has undergone significant changes since the financial crisis of 1997. Our study, based on the theory of institutional change, seeks to examine current transformations. The concept of corporate governance is viewed as being dependent on institutional environments in which the firm evolves. The analysis of the changes in corporate governance is therefore needed to understand institutional change.On this basis, we argue that the current transformation is experiencing a process of hybridization and we suggest a framework to understand ongoing corporate governance reform. Hybridization carries two opposed forces: drivers for change and resistance to change. But the dynamic process of adaption of newly imported practices leads to new model adapted to local conditions. Our empirical analysis allows us to apprehend the diverse pattern of corporate governance in the region of Asia even within the current context of adherence to the Anglo-Saxon model: we find three hybrid models and one other model which has not committed to the reform. We also study the sources of change and the factors that give rise to resistance. We provide an overview of the recent changes in corporate governance practice in Asian countries
Boughanmi, Afef Deffains Bruno. "Droit, gouvernance d'entreprise et structure du système financier analyse économétrique du cas français /." S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr.
Full textBoughanmi, Afef. "Droit, gouvernance d'entreprise et structure du système financier : analyse économétrique du cas français." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN20008.
Full textLes rapports de la Banque Mondiale "Doing business" (2004, 2005 et 2006), en s'appuyant sur les travaux fondateurs du courant Law and Finance, expriment plusieurs réserves à l'égard des qualités du droit civil et posent le postulat de la supériorité des systèmes juridiques de common law par rapport aux législations issues du droit civil français. Notre thèse constitue un début de réponse à ces critiques. En effet, nous nous proposons de tester la validité de la théorie "Law and Finance" proposée par LaPorta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer et Vishny (LLSV) en évaluant les relations entre les réformes en matière de gouvernance d'entreprise et la réorganisation du système financier en France entre 1980 et 2004. Notre travail est par conséquent, une contribution à l'étude de la gouvernance des entreprises en adoptant une approche nouvelle intégrant le facteur juridique en tant que mécanisme de gouvernance et en testant le pouvoir explicatif de la vision actionnariale. L'objectif de cette thèse est donc de discuter le postulat selon lequel il existe une relation forte et stable entre tradition juridique, niveau de protection des droits des investisseurs et développement financier, le droit influençant la finance. L'analyse se focalise sur l'aspect dynamique en évaluant l'impact de l'évolution des règles de gouvernance sur le développement financier. La protection des droits des actionnaires et des créanciers apparaît indépendante de la tradition juridique. De plus notre travail intègre d'autres partenaires de l'entreprise (les salariés et les obligataires), notre réflexion nous conduit à conclure que l'approche partenariale s'avère indispensable à la description et à l'analyse de la gouvernance des entreprises. Notre étude économétrique est novatrice principalement pour deux raisons. D'une part, les indicateurs des règles de gouvernance sont adaptés aux spécificités du droit français et ne sont pas calqués sur d'autres indicateurs et notamment ceux de LLSV. D'autre part, cette thèse propose une nouvelle méthode de construction des indicateurs juridiques en utilisant les méthodes statistiques de l'approche multicritère. En offrant une meilleure vision des liens particuliers entre les séries juridiques et financières, cette méthodologie a permis de prouver que le lien de causalité droit-finance n'est pas à sens unique, mais particulièrement tranchée de la finance vers le droit. La protection juridique des actionnaires, des créanciers, des salariés et des obligataires est influencée par les participants aux marchés. Cette thèse constitue donc une rupture avec les travaux de LLSV puisqu'elle permet de limiter la portée de leurs principales conclusions et prouve la supériorité de la vision partenariale
Chakroun, Kammoun Héla. "Gouvernance et efficience organisationnelle des réseaux de franchise." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIME004.
Full textThis research provides an integrating framework for the governance of franchising networks involving both contractual and relational approach. It seeks to examine the degree of dependence between the governance mechanisms from these two approaches. The empirical study is implemented through both qualitative and quantitative methodology. The qualitative study, allowed us to develop more detailed operational knowledge of franchising networks, to check the empirical veracity of our conceptual model and to finalize our questionnaire for the quantitative study. The electronic survey data collected from 90 French franchisees have been the subject of the quantitative study. This later allowed us, firstly, to validate the measurement scales of latent variables included in the conceptual model, through an exploratory analysis followed by a confirmatory one applying the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The SEM was also leveraged to confirm, in a second step, the causal structure of the empirical model. In terms of results, we have highlighted, at least partially, the dependency between all three components of the contractual governance, namely: the allocation of decision rights system, performance measurement system and incentive system. In particular, statistical results confirm that the incentive system depends significantly on the allocation of decision rights and performance measurement system. Regarding complementarities between contractual and relational governance, statistical results seem to be more conclusive by showing that the relational norms of the franchisor-franchisee dyad, based on trust, cooperation and harmonization of conflict, depend significantly on the three contractual governance mechanisms cited above. Wishing to further refine our analysis, this research also highlights the influence of five control variables on the scope of certain governance mechanisms more than others. In conclusion, the contributions of this research are related, on the theoretical level, to the enrichment of the emerging work on control and governance of franchising networks, and on the professional level, to providing trade players with evidence on the ability of franchising to reconcile control, autonomy and relational norms, as well as recommendations to franchisors in order to manage effectively their relationships with their franchisees and gain their support
Reda, Mezoui Mohamed. "Gouvernants-gouvernés ou la communication politique en Algérie structures, instruments, fonctionnement." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594365f.
Full textRossiaud, Sylvain. "L'évolution de la structure de gouvernance pétrolière russe : une interprétation en termes néo-institutionnels." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734958.
Full textMourou, Wissem. "Gouvernance d'entreprise, structure d'actionnariat et politique de dividendes : une étude des entreprises françaises cotées." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0051.
Full textThis thesis studies how ownership structure and corporate governance mechanisms affect the dividend policy. The empirical study conducted with a sample of listed French companies show évidence in support of many hypothèses drawing on the agency cost explanation of payout policy. Cash dividends are useful to mitigate the Free Cash Flow risk. Moreover, it appears that dividend policy is a complex décision which is strongly associated with the characteristics of ownership and some governance variables. Our results reveal that firms make lower dividend payments as the ownership concentration increase. Controlled firms are prone to engage in expropriation of minority shareholders. However, our findings highlight the importance of the rôle played by the controlling shareholder in determining dividend level. We argue that the relation between his ownership and dividend reflects not only the "rent extraction" effect but also the constraints which are imposed on the controlling shareholder
Felipe, Fernandez Emma. "L’avenir de la gouvernance d'entreprise en Chine. Une réflexion liée à l'internationalisation des entreprises chinoises." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU2002/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to define the model of corporate governance (CG) best suited to assist hinese companies in their international economic development. In the first part, a comprehensive review of existing literature on corporate governance is presented. The second part examines the state of CG in eleven countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Brazil, Canada, Russia, India and Spain) to extract the fundamental elements of this type of problem. Then, the situation of China is analyzed (in terms of context and CG). Finally, a critical analysis of the CG’s concept is proposed, and a comparative study of twelve cases and synthetic CG is selected (including China). This study is complemented by thirty interviews of senior executives from various countries (mainly listed companies) to better understand the operational context of the CG. This study also highlights the particular situation of China. Its specificities and limits are set and recommendations for adapting and improving CG in China are proposed
Garnier, Gaëlle. "Institution et structure de gouvernance : une analyse de l'organisation interprofessionnelle du secteur des légumes transformés." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010030.
Full textIn France, numerous agreements between producers of the agro-food sector are condemned by the court of justice of the European communities. The aim of this thesis is to justify, within the theoretical framework of the new institutional economics, some interprofessional structures of production. More precisely, it aims at demonstrating the efficiency of the interprofessional national union of French producers of processed vegetables (l'union nationale interprofessionnelle du secteur des légumes transformés, UNILET). The first part of the thesis argues that the organization of production at the decentralised level between growers and processors does not solve to the coordination problems producers have to face. Indeed, the governance structures (the adaptative mechanisms defined either by the contract or outside the contract at the bilateral level) involve a trade-off in between the possibility for the parties to adapt cooperatively to the uncertainty (mainly the climate conditions) and the risk of opportunistic behaviors due to this flexibility (the risk of conflict for the share of the rent). The second part of the thesis demonstrates that this trade-off is solved by an interprofessional collective organisation that assures the parties that the counterparts cannot cheat. It further proves the efficiency (in term of economizing on both the production and the transaction costs) of an organisation of production at both the decentralised level of the governance structure, and at the centralised level of the collective institution contrary to the decision of the court of justice of the european communities concerning the case of UNILET
Golliard-Le, Poder Laurence. "Structure financière optimale du capital dans le secteur bancaire." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32053.
Full textOur research pertains to the level of banks’ shareholder equity and the correlation between this level and bank default probability. We have particularly focused on bank capital, the roles of this capital for banks, the stock market and market authorities, whilst taking into consideration information asymmetries. Our research is divided into two main parts; firstly a theoretical part in which we have drawn up a state of the question on the analysis of capital structure and on the relationship between capital structure and the prevention of bankruptcy risks. We then developed an empirical study working on the importance of demands for equity in the prevention of bankruptcy risk using a database of 582 commercial banks and cooperatives in the European Union. This thesis highlights the complexity in determining the level and structure of capital in banks, and its link with risk-taking and bank default probability. We were able to illustrate the different perspectives of these capital structure theories and the relationship between this structure and banks’ risk-taking, and its impact on bank default. Lastly, our study underlines on the one hand the links between the level of capitalism, the quality of assets and bank governance, and on the other, the indicators of bank default risk. It also contributes to the clarification of research on capital structure in the European banking sector
Piettre, Charline. "Caractérisation des gènes gouvernant la dégradation de l'urée chez Alcaligenes eutrophus H16." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10201.
Full textPoivret, Cédric. "La gouvernance d'un réseau territorialisé d'organisations par une structure d'animation autonome, fonctionnement et impact : le cas de plastipolis." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_poivret_c.pdf.
Full textThe political support of clusters and industrial districts, terms which we gather under the concept of territorial networks of organizations (TNO) are now implemented by most countries. This political support is reflected by the establishment, within the TNO, of formal governance. It would be better to understand the functioning and the impact of this type of formal governance, especially when it is supported by an autonomous network administrative organization. Indeed, other modes of governance of a TNO were studied in the literature, which suggests significant limitations in terms of interest for the actors. To answer to our questions, a qualitative methodology, carried through case studies (Yin, 2003) was used. Our empirical field has been provided by the competitiveness clusters policy, implemented in France since July 2005. Such policy allowed us to study, directly or indirectly, several examples of formal governance by autonomous network administrative organizations in territorial networks of organizations. These case studies allowed us to identify four levels of results: which strategic governance and operational governance this autonomous network administrative organization must establish; what is the impact these governance may have over actors, and finally, how this structure “benefits” from the context in which it operates
Kasbi, Salma. "Structure financière des entreprises : Impact du market timing et de l'implication des banques dans la gouvernance des entreprises." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090055.
Full textChetouan, Iatidal. "Analyse de l'impact des leviers organisationnels et de gouvernance sur la performance opérationnelle et la rentabilité des entreprises sous LBO : le cas français." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIME003.
Full textPrivate Equity, especially Leverage Buyout activity (LBO), is now an important concern in the world economy and also in France. This kind of investment is an important alternative to capital market.The main purpose of this thesis is to examine the effects of corporate governance and organizational mechanisms on the performance of French firms leveraged buyout.We presented in the first part of this thesis, the first and second chapter of it, the history of the emergence of these investments in the world and especially in France, and an overview of the literature on private equity and leveraged buyouts, focusing on our theoretical framework which is based on corporate governance theories, especially on agency theory and financial performance.Moreover, we discussed the literature about the relation between operating performance, corporate governance and Leverage Buyout. As part of this thesis and in the third and fourth chapters, we proposed an empirical study of the impact of LBO on operating performance.This research also proposes a new approach to the relationship governance-performance by a financial modelling of the relation between corporate governance and performance in the case of leveraged buyout firms in France.This thesis is a contribution to the Leverage Buyout and Private Equity literature from a theoretical and empirical point of view. It also has implications for the managers of private firms
Jebbour, Benaissa. "La gouvernance des organisations en réseau a-t-elle un sens ? : Cas du PPP chez Vinci-SA." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752097.
Full textHeitz, Adeline. "La Métropole Logistique : structure métropolitaine et enjeux d'aménagement." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1098/document.
Full textAmong other activities, metropolitan areas have become places of premium location for logistics activities. As a consequence of the concentration of warehouses in metropolitan areas, logistics facilities are mainly located in suburban areas, inducing logistics metropolization. This logistics suburbanization amplifies the negative externalities of transport and challenges public policies. However, suburban areas are not the only location choices of logistics facilities. Analysis on logistics sprawl should not overlook logistics facilities located in dense parts of metropolitan areas which, moreover, draw the focus of public authorities. The apparent contradiction between logistics that contribute to urban sprawl and the new sustainability issues has led to refocusing the debate on the "last mile" rather than logistical planning in the fringes of metropolitan area. Through the development of "urban logistics" policies, public stakeholders intend to offer a complementary service to those offered by the logistics real estate market, while complying with environmental objectives. The main challenge of analyzing this logistics metropolization lies in the double contribution of logistics to metropolitan morphology and the political agenda
Dandelot, Damien. "La structure de la réalité sociale abstraite inhérente aux sociétés prescrites : La quiddité des liens et des structures de coopérations intra-organisationnels issus de l’activité réelle, dans le cas du processus de co-construction de sens découlant des décisions stratégiques." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0833/document.
Full textBased on the idea that the subsidiaries of a company are able to call into question the decisions of senior management (the parent company), the holistic approach developed in this study assumes that an organization can be a “being”, implying thereby that the information in its possession is external to the individuals who compose it. This raises the question of whether it is conceivable to ignore the individual in such a relationship of domination. This thesis proposes a model based on the results which show the difficult exclusion of the individual in a meta-organizational context (in which members would be organizations and not individuals). Along these same lines, the organization’s human dynamics are at the heart of this research: there exists by and through the individual a dynamic resulting from actual activity that allows the organization to live by itself, while also allowing prescribe to evolve. Although the results show that the organization is not a dead and strengthless object, and it has the opportunity to live by itself, it is the individuals who —through their conditional commitments— allow the separate existence of an organizational structure’s intra-consciousness, which imposes rights and obligations. In this perspective, the proposed model aims to draw the structures of abstract social reality (referred as Entity X in this study) by showing the strengths and organizational constraints that weigh on individual members, while raising the human capacity to emerge from the structures prescribed by the sensemaking of links and transversal structures for cooperation that originate from the actual activity
Bouzeid, Michel. "Structure de propriété et comportement des entreprises en matière de trésorerie : cas des entreprises libanaises." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES6006.
Full textTreasury has always been the focus of the economic and financial research. Works on this topic show that research focuses on techniques of management and decisions and reveal a deficiency in the theory on treasury. Given this theoretical failure, our thesis adopts a behavioral approach to study the behavior of firms in cash management in two separate fields: a conceptual analysis field which involved research in agency and ownership structure theories, and a field of longitudinal analysis which refers to the study of the Lebanese firm’s behavior in cash management. Starting from these findings, we support that the behavior of firms in cash management is not neutral to their ownership structures. Our behavioral approach of cash management techniques and the integration of the role of “Human” as a main actor in diverse ownership structures have permitted us to identify that managerial firms adopt an open cash management (managerial) while controlled firms by a family adopt a closed cash management (controlled)
Wambo, Yamdjeu Augustin Herman. "La gouvernance des politiques publiques en Afrique subsaharienne en période post-ajustement structurel : une critique de la valeur ajoutée du NEPAD face au défi agricole." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111022.
Full textRajhi, Wassim. "Essays on the capital structure and insolvency in conventional and non-conventional banking systems." Phd thesis, Université de Toulon et du Var, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657342.
Full textAbi, Saleh Richard. "Structure du capital et performance des entreprises familiales françaises introduites en bourse." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA019/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze the capital structure and performance of French family firms going public. From a sample of 90 family firms belonging to CAC All-Tradable from 2010 to 2013, we find that the capital structure of family firms is characterized by a low level of debt with a preference for short-term debt relative to long-term debt. Moreover, the capital structure of family firms is in line with the classical theories of financing, the hypothesis of market timing, the theory of optimal debt ratio and the pecking order theory. Then we analyze the short-term and long-term performance of French family firms going public through Initial Public Offerings. The results show the different expropriation techniques employed by the family firms' owners. On the initial public offering date, the majority of family firms' owners are simultaneously CEOs and Chairmen of boards of directors. After going public, the family firms' owners hold around 80% of the firms' cash flow rights and we observe that the difference between their cash flow rights and their voting rights has increased. First-day underpricing is around 2% which shows that family firms are almost fairly priced upon issuance. The family firms outperform the market index in the first three months of issuance and after the third year. We also find that the ownership and control rights change from pre- to post-IPO date explains the short-term and long-term performance unlike governance mechanisms
Silva, José da. "L' action des fonds structurels entre polycentrisme spatial et politique métropolitaine : l'objectif 2 dans l'aire métropolitaine marseillaise pour la période 200-2006." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX32075.
Full textEach widening of the European union was followed of a whole of measures intended to reorganize the politico-administrative scheme of Europe and its relationship with its other public partners. Behind the common agricultural policy, the policy of cohesion, second expenditure of the EU, it also was the subject of successive redefinitions to increase its effectiveness. The seven Eastern European countries are the new recipients of the European aids. This situation implies a deep reorganization of the structural policies. The evolution of its tools attempts are based on the rationalization of the public action around dominant values : employment, competitiveness and the sustainable development. The increased concentration of the European aids answers the ‘infraregional' stakes of territorial cohesion. Since about fifteen years, the European Commission developed many reflexions on the territory of the European Union and its organization. Although the regional planning is not a community competence, these analyses introduce new referents in spatial planning. The European Spatial Development Planning (ESDP) officializes the concept of polycentric spatial development. This principle must ensure more efficient local economies by the setting in network of its agents. The polycentrism translates on a territorial level the models of society and governance promoted by the European Commission. The cities are involved in the installation of this principle at the local level. Although concentrating the socio-economic and environmental problems, they are at core of the regional development. In this context, the policy of cohesion, in an implicit way, translated these orientations into acts and makes th European Union an important actor of the territorial policies. In France, principal recipient of Objective 2 in old Europe 15 – the European program stays on metropolitan areas. In 2000 – 2006 period, its becomes an experimental laboratory of a European policy most efficient in Europe 25. The hypothesis relates to the repositioning of the national and local actors in favour of new cooperations in strategic topics. In front of a plural State, monitoring the structural funds and being answerable for metropolitan collective interest, the intercommunalities depend on the metropolitan stakes and the position of some important actors. More than a financial contribution for development, the structural funds become the vectors of a technical and political decentralization. In this way, the metropolitan areas are able to ‘exist' on a political and institutional level. The case of the Marseilles metropolitan Area (AMM) highlights the importance of a metropolitan planning thought in the sixties. The European program gives it an operational range, illustrating the influence of the State in the organization of a multipolar space. The topic of competitiveness , supported by the European Union, becomes a central value of the local action. However, it is put up badly with the multiplicity of the problems and territorial typologies (industrial place of étang of Berre, ‘quartiers nord' of Marseilles, clusters of the metropolitan East). The revival of decentralization clarifies the capacity of reaction of some metropolitan territories, seizing the principle of subsidiarity. In a spirit of politico-administrative reform, the structural funds support a metropolitan policy in an AMM which knows a strong territorial competition
Pijourlet, Guillaume. "Trois essais sur l'impact de la RSE sur les politiques financières des entreprises." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10447.
Full textThis thesis consists of three essays investigating the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performance on several firms’ financial decisions. We aim to contribute to the growing literature on the capital market consequences of CSR activities. Since many financial decisions affect or are affected by agency problems, we argue that analysis of the impact of CSR commitment on firms’ financial policies is an interesting way to observe whether and how high CSR performance and shareholder wealth maximization are compatible.Thus, in our first essay, we study the impact of CSR performance on the value of cash holdings. We find that investors assign a higher value to cash held by high CSR firms. This result is consistent with the idea that investors expect that high CSR performance leads to an efficient use of cash holdings. In addition, we show that the positive impact of CSR performance on the value of cash holdings is observed only for firms operating in countries with high investor protection. Hence, we underline that country-level governance seems to shape the relationship between CSR performance and market value. In the second essay, we investigate the influence of CSR performance on dividend policies. In an international context,we reveal that high CSR firms are more likely to pay dividends, and to pay larger dividends.This essay provides evidence that dividend policy is a means to reduce potential agency problems related to CSR activities. In this way, we also show that the positive relationship between CSR performance and dividend payout is observed only when corporate governance is effective. Finally, our third essay investigates the impact of CSR performance on capital structure, debt-equity choice and the size of equity issuances. We find that CSR performance is negatively related to leverage. We also highlight that high CSR firms issue equity instead of debt more frequently. Moreover, consistent with recent papers that show a negative effect of CSR performance on information asymmetry, we highlight that high CSR firms issue larger amounts of equity than other firms. We also show that these firms are less dependent on market conditions for their equity issuances. Overall, our results suggest that CSR performance is a significant determinant of firms’ financial policies, and that firms seem to take the financial consequences of their CSR policies into account in their financial decisions
Du, Boys Céline. "Rôle des conflits d'agence, de la structure d'actionnariat et des mécanismes de gouvernance sur les politiques de distribution : application aux décisions de dividende et de rachat d'actions des sociétés françaises cotées." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32041.
Full textThe dissertation aims at better understanding shareholder payout policies in the framework of the agency theory and to explain the choice of the payout tool: dividend or share repurchase. Taking into account the ownership structure of European firms, the classical conceptual framework was extended to a broader study of the influence of agency relationships between managers and shareholders, as well as between majority and minority shareholders. Such an analysis requires taking into account both factors influencing agency conflicts and the firm’s governance system. An empirical study of French companies listed on the SBF250 allows to illustrate the relevance of the conceptual framework and to highlight the limits of payout policies to resolve agency conflicts in France. While payout is used to reduce Free Cash Flow risk, its use is limited in a conflict situation between majority and minority shareholders. Without any efficient alternative governance mechanisms, minority shareholders cannot urge insiders to pay out. Thus the majority shareholders are free to reduce payout and to draw private benefits. The thesis also looks into the choice of the payout tool. In accordance with the various hypotheses stemming from literature survey, a major finding is that share repurchase is preferred when managers have stock-options or when firms’ earnings are temporary. Another key finding is that taxes do not influence in a significant way the choice of the payout tool. Eventually, it is stressed that share repurchase is not often used in France for payout, and that dividend remains the main tool
Vo, Van Dien. "Gestion de la biodiversité et traçabilité dans la chaîne d’approvisionnement." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100101/document.
Full textThis study observes corporate biodiversity management, the implementation of traceability systems and green supply chain management. In specific, this research attempts to develop a model for measuring the performance of corporate biodiversity management with linguistic variables under fuzzy logic theory (O1), to investigate the relationships between biodiversity management, GSCM and the implementation of traceability systems (O2), and to determine changes in the transaction attributes and costs of firms under the transaction cost economics framework (O3). For these purposes, this study takes empirical examinations in the Vietnamese seafood supply chain using primary data from questionnaire surveys and field trips. From the specialist survey, a set of five key performance indicators (KPIs) has been validated for measuring the performance of corporate biodiversity management. The empirical results show that the Vietnamese seafood companies perform better on the key indicators Biodiversity Stewardship Practice, Biodiversity Business Assessment, but lower scores on Biodiversity Conservation Commitment, Biodiversity Management Policy and Biodiversity Performance Reporting. Considering this fact, the green supply chain management practices are proposed to have positive effects on the performance of biodiversity management and traceability. As a result, the implementation of traceability systems leads to an increase in asset specificity (71%), a decrease in transaction uncertainty (60%) and low variation (7%) in the frequency of transactions
Lahlou, Ismail. "Corporate board of directors : structure and efficiency." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G022.
Full textThis thesis aims at providing contributions to the existing literature on the structure and effectiveness of corporate boards. It comprises three essays that address distinct research questions. The first study examines the trends and determinants of corporate board structure using a panel data sample. This study extends the existing literature on the determinants of board structure in three important ways. First, our results are based on one of the largest samples used in this area, with almost 16,000 firm-year observations for nearly 2,300 firms observed from 1997 to 2010. Second, in terms of methodology, a set of statistical tests was performed in order to check the robustness of our findings, including tests that account for heterogeneity and simultaneity. Finally, this is probably the first study to show that the enactment of SOX has reduced the ability of CEOs in influencing board composition. Specifically, while SOX does not fundamentally alter the economic determinants of board structure, our results show that the documented negative impact of well performing CEOs on board independence in the pre-SOX era is no longer significant post-SOX. In the second study, the principal objective is to investigate the effects of advisory directors' presence on the board and monitoring intensity on the board's overall effectiveness in value creation. This study makes some significant contributions to the literature. First, it complements and extends the growing literature on the board's advisory function by providing strong new evidence on the importance of this board function in value creation. Second, it also provides some evidence on the potential conflict between the two primary functions of corporate boards. Finally, this study adds to the literature that attempts to assess the impact of firm and industry characteristics on the effectiveness of specific governance structures. The last study has as main objective to examine the relation between director compensation structure and shareholder interests in the context of acquisitions. This study contributes to the literature in several ways. First, we add to the recent but burgeoning literature that deals with the determinants of director compensation. Guided by theoretical work in this area, we show that director compensation is mainly consistent with firm's needs for monitoring and advising. Second, we extend the body of research that highlights the importance of equity-based compensation by providing evidence that the use of incentive-based compensation schemes to reward directors also matters. Finally, although many studies have examined the relation between directors' incentives and firm performance, this work is one of the first to examine the channels through which directors' equity-based pay affects shareholders' value
Boussetta, Selma. "Concurrence entre les plateformes d’échanges." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10071.
Full textThis dissertation is made of three distinct chapters. Each of these chapters investigates a specific impact of the increased competition among stock exchanges in capital markets. Chapter 2 proposes a theoretical model to analyze the effect of competition on the quality of the certification process offered by stock exchanges. The findings show that overestimating the quality of a project is an equilibrium despite the presence of the reputation costs. Chapter 3 analyzes the effects of the mutual-to-stock conversion phenomenon on market performance and on market quality of listed exchanges. The results suggest that while stock exchange ownership conversion enhances the stock exchange financial performance, it may be detrimental to market quality. Chapter 4 empirically examines the impact of the pre-opening period of an incumbent market on price discovery and market liquidity on the primary market and on the competing venues. Results provide evidence that tentative prices during the pre-opening period participate to price discovery and also contain information particularly early during the pre-opening
Zaatir, Elhem. "Les déterminants de la représentation des femmes au sein des conseils d'administration et la performance des entreprises : étude théorique et empirique dans le contexte français." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIME005.
Full textThe current study aims at examining the factors that determine the appointment of women to the board of directors and at exploring the link between board gender diversity and financial performance. Using data on the board composition and the firm performance of companies belonging to the SBF120 stock market index between 2007 and 2012, we find evidence that the appointment of women directors is strongly associated with ownership structure and board characteristics. Indeed, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, family ownership, board size, and board independence are all strongly correlated with the representation of women directors on a firm's board. Furthermore, our results show that the impact of gender diversity manifests in conflicting directions, positively affecting accounting performance and negatively influencing market performance. Apparently, female directors are subject to a biased evaluation by the market, which undervalues their presence on boards. More surprisingly, our analyses show a twofold nature of female representation in the French market. That is, the effect of female directorship on firm performance varies with the affiliation of women on the board
Narminio, Elisa. "Vulnerabilising the trafficked child: Structural violence of governance practices in the EU and ASEAN." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315941.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Zabad, Lana. "La réforme de la gestion des finances publiques dans le cadre d'une politique de développement : le cas de la Syrie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1011.
Full textPublic financials Management is an essential component of better economic governance and development process. It supports the efficient and responsible use of public resources, ensures macroeconomic sustainability, budgetary stability and guides the allocation of resources to meet the national priorities. A weak management of Public financial systems can lead to the loss of resources. Public Financial management covers all phases of budget cycle, including budget preparation, execution, internal controls and external audits. The subject of this analytical research is to analyze with a global perspective the management situation of public financials in Syria by evaluating the main undertaken reform in 2006 of Public Financials Management and its impact on the general development guidelines of the country
Lemaitre, Jelle. "La cohésion territoriale et l'ordre juridique de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G026.
Full textThe territorial cohesion appeared in the European Union law at the ex article 16 TCE beside the SIEG. It knew a consecration in the primary european Union law with its erection to the rank of objective of the European Union, becoming the third dimension of the cohesion policy beside the economic and social cohesion. This new place in the primary law is not without asking questions on the normativity of this new objective and more widely its place in the legal order of the european Union. The main difficulty is based on its definition and its modalities of expression and intervention today. The green Book of the European Commission of 2008 dedicated to the territorial cohesion had the merit to put the objective in perspective by giving it a realization through essentially the regional policy, but also more widely by the necessary coordination of the policies with territorial impact. This thesis has for objective to put in light the expressions of the territorial cohesion, called to develop with the application of the treaty of Lisbon. The territorial cohesion can also base itself on the other legal principles, just like the principle of subsidiarity, to build a normativity in the European Union material law, from the legislative and statutory work to the application of the sector-based policies on the European Union territory. The territorial cohesion can finally lean on the european Union institutional law and on the increasing role of the local gouvernment to make the way of a territorial solidarity taken in consideration in the model of the European integration
Mired, Houari. "L'Européanisation de la politique régionale britannique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030047/document.
Full textPublic intervention in problem regions has been legitimated by regional development differences at the heart of the European Community. Since the Treaty of Rome, it has aimed at the reduction of socioeconomic imbalances affecting a number of regions. Persistent economic difficulties in problem regions have pushed the Community to invest considerable resources. The European regional policy has had a significant impact in shaping the regional policies of the Member States since the reforms of the structural funds in the late 1980s. But the Europeanization process was different according to the institutional architecture of the Member States. Despite a long tradition of regional policy dating back to the beginning of the 1930s, Britain has progressively deprioritised regional policy since the early 1980s. The reduction in regional assistance was compensated by European structural funds. As a consequence, the structural fund reforms resulted in changes in the centre-periphery relationship in the United Kingdom. Europeanization took a much greater role in this member state from the end of the 1980s onwards. Waves of decentralization were promoted by successive governments with the aim of bringing the regions closer to Whitehall. This led to the emergence of a new mode of governance. These innovations promoted a greater regional participation. But a persistent economic divide questions the success of “democratic renewal”
Tannous, Roland. "Le chômage au Liban : stratégies ressources humaines ciblées contre le dysfonctionnement du marché de l’emploi dans les secteurs public et privé." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A004/document.
Full textIt is certainly not easy to deal with a topic dated back to the creation of modern Lebanon and theconstitution of the republic during the first decades of the twentieth century. Seriousadministrative problems, institutional dysfunction, and other problems of governance andmanagement were not so noticeable during the golden age of the Republic. But after years ofcivil war that destroyed all the country's infrastructure, Lebanon still suffers from an internalsystem whose structures are obsolete and unsuited to the needs of society. Yet creativity, talentand innovation are key components that have always marked the sectors of employment. In thiscontext, entreprises as well as state institutions require a managerial approach to solvemanagement problems and apply human resources management strategies that are compatiblewith the evolution of the professional environment
Vaneecloo, Clément. "Économie politique de la solidarité européenne : l'influence des facteurs politiques, institutionnels et organisationnels sur la politique de cohésion et son efficacité." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2a9cf441-0304-46dd-9c05-122f644f50e5.
Full textZongo, Windata Miki. "La sécurité comme enjeu de politique étrangère en Afrique : analyse par les médiations du Burkina Faso dans les crises politiques en Afrique de l'Ouest : 1991-2012." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB198.
Full textAs concept of International Relations justifying foreign action of States, the national interest is a notion always present in the governement leaders speeches about foreign affairs. But its meaning and its purpose are subtle and diversified as the introduction of Multilateralism and its objective of international security show. Despite the emergence of legitimate structures, the State gets involved for international security in foreign actions through discourse and implication. This implication, far from a discourse of symbolic objectives, takes part in an accurately orchestrated strategy in the name of national interest. Thus, on the African continent, we attend the emergence of foreign policies and national diplomatic actions dedicated to international security. This analysis demonstrates by the constructivist approach that the practices of mediation by Burkina Faso in West Africa participates in this trend - in contrast to the disseminated discourse of security in this subregion