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Academic literature on the topic 'Structures hélicoïdales'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structures hélicoïdales"
André, Christophe. "Structures hélicoïdales d'hligomères dirigées par un béta-Amino acide bicyclique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20239.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the synthesis and FT-IR, CD, NMR and X-ray structural characterization of new unnatural oligomers belonging to the family of foldamers. In particular they are constructed from an original chiral bicyclic β-amino acid: (S)- and (R)-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2-carboxylic acid ((S) - and (R) ABOC ) that we have developed. This motive was obtained via a stereocontrolled synthesis using an asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction as key step. Firstly, this motive was shown to induce turn in peptide sequence and then it was used for the synthesis of several series of oligomers. Two main families were developed: oligoureas and oligoamides. Within these families, homo-and hetero-oligomers were synthesized and their conformational preferences were defined. NMR analysis and crystallographic studies have shown that depending on their sequence they are able to adopt several types of helices. ABOC homo-oligoureas and hetero-oligoureas containing both ABOC residue and β3-amino acid favor a 12/14-helix. Oligoamides with 1/1 alternation of ABOC and β3-amino acids, and heterogeneous backbones with 1/1 and 1/2 ABOC/α-amino acid residue patterns adopt 10/12-, 16/18- and 12/14-helix, respectively
Aillard, Paul. "Synthèse de nouvelles structures hélicoïdales incorporant des fonctions phosphorées. Applications en catalyse à l'or(I)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS070/document.
Full textHelicenes are ortho-fused polyaromatic compounds in which benzene rings are angularly annulated to give helically-shaped molecules.Molecular scaffolds with helical chirality have been rarely used for building phosphorus ligands and catalysts. In this context, with the purpose of accessing unprecedented chiral auxiliaries for organo- and organometallic catalysis, we have synthesized new series of phosphahelicenes. These compounds have been prepared via two differents procedures: a diastereoselective photochemical cyclization and a [2+2+2] cyclotrimerisation of alkynes, starting from phosphindole as a key building block. These phosphahelicenes have been evaluated as chiral ligand in gold promoted cyclisation reactions. These helical gold complexes proved to be highly efficient both in terms of catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in enyne cycloisomerizations, [2+2] and [4+2] cycloaddition reactions. Phosphahelicenes have also been used in phosphine organocatalysis. Good yields and enantiomercic excesses up to 97% have been obtained in [3+2] cyclizations between olefins and allenoates
Delsuc, Nicolas. "Structures tertiaires protéomimétiques issues d'oligoamides aromatiques." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13450.
Full textGan, Quan. "Foldaxanes : pseudorotaxanes hélicoïdaux auto-assemblés : structures et mouvements moléculaires." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14636/document.
Full textDynamic self-assembly is a powerful method for fabricating complex, functional molecular structures. Its application to the construction of molecular motors through the control of timescales paves the way for new generations of nano-machines, in which sophisticated components can be spontaneously renewed or changed by others. The first part of this thesis focuses on the design of aromatic oligoamides that can slowly wind along an axis and shuttle along it before unfolding. The second chapter is devoted to the detection of a movement that is characterized for the first time at the molecular level: the screwing motion. The last line of research developed in this manuscript concerns the identification of a long-lived kinetic supramolecular by-product based on foldaxane architecture, which gradually transforms into a thermodynamically favored 2:2 host-guest complex
Frémaux, Juliette. "Foldamères peptidomimétiques à base d’urées : vers le développement de structures complexes mimes d’architectures biologiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14857/document.
Full textThe biological functions of proteins are mainly correlated to their tridimensional structure. For this reason a large number of chemists are interested in the synthesis of foldamers, which are bioinspired artificial molecules possessing well-defined folded conformations. In particular, in our laboratories we focused on the study of oligourea foldamers, which form well-defined and remarkably stable helical structures, analogous to the natural polypeptides α-helix. In order to develop artificial functional helices able to mimic biological structures, it is interesting to understand the rules governing their folding, for example by comparing different residues substitution patterns. During this thesis we have investigated the compatibility of the helix geometry with residues containing steric constraints, such as gem-dimethylated units or pyrrolidine cycle. We have developed a new segment condensation strategy based on these residues, which enabled the facile synthesis of long helical segments (up to 4 nm). The use of this novel approach, combined with the information acquired on helical stability allowed us to produce more complex architectures (quaternary structures) resulting from the controlled assembly of water soluble helices
Pieters, Grégory. "Synthèse et propriétés de nouvelles architectures moléculaires hélicoïdales." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0059.
Full textThis work is dealing with the synthesis and properties of new helical molecular architectures. The first part is dedicated to the synthesis of a new molecular platform based on diarylnaphthalene compounds and their use as key starting material new polysubstituted molecules such as 6,11-diamino-[6]-helicenes and cyclooctahelicenes have been elaborated using a short and facile reaction sequence;. In the second part the study aims to control the aromatic electrohpilic subtitution key step. In this context, starting from binaphthyl or terphenyl patterns, we were able to selectively control the outcome of the reaction and obtain planar or helical architectures. Finally, novel architectures have been obtain by mixing some of these molecules with valuable boron cluster derivatives. In addition to the synthesis, physical properties of these new architectures have been studied (crystal packing, conformation in solution…) and theorical calculations investigated in order to explain some of the observed selectivities and to determine racemization barriers
Claudon, Paul. "Synthèse, structure, et propriétés d'interaction de foldamètres d'urée à repliement hélicoïdal contrôlé." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6170.
Full textOver the last 15 years, the canonical structure of many peptidomimetic (peptoides, -, -, -peptides) and abiotic foldamers has been solved in solid state. The replacement of an amide bond by a urea bond in a -peptide backbone introduces and isosteric and quasi isostructural modification. Resulting N,N’-linked oligoureas indeed fold in solution into a 2. 5 helix close to the 2. 6 helix described for -peptides. We have caracaterized the canonical structure of the N,N’-linked oligoureas with an atomic resolution in solid state. As expected, this structure has shown a folding into a 2. 5 helix stabilized by hydrogen bonds forming 12- and 14-membered pseudocycles (2. 512-14 Helix). Moreover, the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds give to these foldamers a trend to hybridize axially, thus forming infinite helices columns in the crystal. The discovery of an important antibacterial activity difference between oligoureas and isosteric -peptides equivalents showed the uniqueness of the membrane destabilizing properties of amphipathic oligoureas. In order to get a better understanding about this activity difference that provides an antibacterial activity only to oligoureas, we have used various physico-chemical characterization studies. Preliminary studies have also been performed in preparation for the development of antibodies able to differentiate slight structural differences
Daieff, Marine. "Deformation and shape of flexible, microscale helices in viscous flows." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC189/document.
Full textFluid-structure interactions are of wide interest in engineering, industrial and medical applications. Understanding the interactions between complex shaped particles and flows might lead to new designs for targeted delivery, microflow sensors and to a better understanding of the behavior of microorganisms. In this thesis, we study the fluid-structure interaction of microscale chiral particles at low Reynolds numbers. The particles are rigid and confined in a 2D geometry or flexible with a helical shape. The combination of microfabrication techniques, such as multiscale assembly methods and microfluidics, enables to have a perfect control on both the geometrical and mechanical properties of the fibers and the flow features such as Newtonian or non Newtonian properties, the flow velocity and the flow geometry. First we studied asymmetric 2D rigid fibers, i.e. L-shaped fibers. Both lateral and transversal confinements have been investigated, as well as the shape of the fiber. When the particle is transported in viscous flows, it rotates until reaching an equilibrium orientation. In this specific orientation, the fiber drifts towards the lateral walls of the channel. A full investigation on the trajectories of the fiber has been performed and comparisons with symmetric particles have been done. Such research may help design devices to sort particles for medical purposes. Secondly we studied flexible microscale helical fibers. The dynamics of the helix formation has been investigated. The helices are formed from straight 2D ribbons, which spontaneously coil when released in water. The helical shape is reached only several minutes after the release but the helix keeps shrinking during several hours until reaching a preferred curvature. Two different timescales are identified in this formation dynamics. A model has been developed to understand the complex balance between elastic, surface tension and viscous forces at short times. After investigating several assumptions such as the impact of a sacrificial layer, a possible change in the modulus of the material and a creep behavior, the evolution of the radius at long times is most likely explained by creep. The extension and relaxation dynamics of the flexible fiber has also been studied in Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids. The study in polymer solutions is relevant and interesting because the size of the microhelix is comparable to the flagella of microorganisms and to the chains of high molecular weight polymers. Complex multiscale problems are then involved as the local viscosity at the scale of the ribbon might differ from the global viscosity at the scale of the flow
Virot, Florent. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et numérique du régime hélicoïdal de détonation dans les systèmes H2, CH4, C2H6–O2 dilués ou non par N2 ou Ar." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00443884.
Full textFaour, Lara. "Architectures stimulables à base de foldamères photo- et électroactifs." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0028/document.
Full textOligopyridine biscarboxamide-based foldamers constitute a family of synthetic oligomers that can fold into helical structures and hybridize to form double helices. This work aims at synthesizing a new generation of π-functionalized foldamers featuring photoactive and electroactive moieties, in order: to study the factors governing the equilibrium between simple and double helices, to analyze the impact of this equilibrium on the optical and recognition properties, and to set up a new type of stimulus to control this equilibrium. Two photoactive foldamers of different lengths and bearing two Disperse Red units were synthesized. Their crystallographic structures confirm the formation of helical structures. A precise choice of the solvent allows to drive the equilibrium towards the single or the double helix selectively.The cavity generated within the helix presents a good affinity for anions. The control over the hybridization equilibrium allows modulating the Second Harmonic Generation activity. Eventually, our first efforts to control the helicity of these foldamers through supramolecular chiral induction are described. On the other hand, an electroactive foldamer featuring two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units was synthesized according to an original methodology. The presence of TTF units allows an unprecedented redox control of the structure of foldamer, by dimerization of radical cations. The concept has been extended by immobilizing a foldamère on a gold surface (SAMs). Finally, an electroactive capsule capable of complexing tartaric acid has also been synthesized and characterized