Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Structures secondaires de protéines'
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Levin, Jonathan Mark. "Prédiction de la structure des protéines par homologie : structures secondaires et modélisation de la structure tertiaire." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112135.
Full textBograh, Alfred. "Effets des anions inorganiques, des polyamines, et du cholestérol sur les structures secondaires des protéines du photosystème II." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4743/1/000642364.pdf.
Full textDupuis, Franck. "Tessellations de Voronoï appliquées aux structures protéiques." Paris 7, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006058.
Full textDe, Brevern Alexandre. "Nouvelles stratégies d'analyses et de prédiction des structures tridimensionnelles des protéines." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133819.
Full textCette prédiction se base avec une méthode bayésienne qui permet de comprendre l'importance des acides aminés de maniè;re simple. Pour améliorer cette prédiction, nous nous sommes bases sur deux concepts : (i) 1 repliement local -> n séquences et (ii) 1 séquence -> n repliements. Le premier concept signifie que plusieurs types de séquences peuvent être associes a la même structure et le second qu'une séquence peut-être associée a plusieurs type de repliements. Ces deux aspects sont développés en se basant sur la recherche d'un indice de fiabilité lie a la prédiction locale, pour trouver des zones de fortes probabilités. Certains mots, i.e. successions de blocs protéiques apparaissent plus fréquemment que d'autres. Nous avons donc défini au mieux quelle est l'architecture de ces successions, les liens existants entre ces différents mots.
Du fait de cette redondance qui peut apparaìtre dans la structure protéique, une méthode de compactage qui permet d'associer des structures structurellement proches sur le plan local a été mise au point. Cette approche appelée "protéine hybride" de conception simple permet de catégoriser en classes "structurellement dépendantes" l'ensemble des structures de la base de données protéiques. Cette approche, en plus du compactage, peut être utilisée dans une optique différente, celle de la recherche d'homologie structurale et de la caractérisation des dépendances entre structures et séquences.
Eudes, Richard. "Développements méthodologiques relatifs à l'attribution et à la prédiction des structures secondaires des protéines globulaires : classification structurale de mutations du transporteur CFTR, observées chez des patients atteints de mucoviscidose." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066170.
Full textGirault, Raynald. "Caractérisation biochimique des polymères incrustant les parois secondaires des fibres de lin." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES055.
Full textCraveur, Pierrick. "Analyse de la conformation locale des structures protéiques : irrégularités des feuillets béta, modifications post-traductionnelles et flexibilité." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077154.
Full textI based my work on a representation of proteins developed in the laboratory: the structural alphabet of Protein Blocks (PBs). This alphabet is used to describe and study the local conformations of protein structures. With this representation I have firstly studied the structural irregularities observed in the 13 sheets, the β-bulges. They are described in the literature as conserved among protein families and impacting the structure and function of proteins. I tried to answer the question: are the β-bulges actually conserved within homologs folds? In a second time, I studied the post-translational modifications (PTMs), which essentially correspond to very different modifications of the protein residues. These PTMs are increasingly studied in the structural context, and their impact on the flexibility is more pointed. I have developed a database that curates the structures containing annotated modifications as PTMs. With this data I have tried to answer the question: Did the PTMs affect protein structure? This effect is global or local in protein structure? Finally in the last part of my thesis, I studied the correlation between local conformations and flexibility of the polypeptide backbone. Through numerous molecular dynamics simulations, I have attempted to quantify this correlation, systematically, and in view of the presence of β-bulges and PTMs sites. These works bring a new look on the prediction method developed in the laboratory flexibility
Bernard, Aymeric. "Traitement des données incohérentes par un nouveau potentiel de contraintes de distances pour le calcul des structures RMN." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077131.
Full textFor structure calculation, the main source of information from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR experiments is the Nuclear Overhauser Effects (NOEs), which provide information about the distance between some protons of the molecule studied. The ARIA software package (for "Ambiguous Restraints for Iterative Assignment") is used to analyse and interpret NMR data, to determine a set of three-dimensional structures consistent with experimental data. ARIA uses the above measures in the form of distance constraints imposed, in silico, on the molecule. To impose these distances, the software used so far the "Soft Square" potential which presents a window of tolerance around the target distance measured experimental in order to take into account the uncertainties on the experimental data. A Recent analysis has shown the NOE errors follow a log-normal distribution, suggesting the use of a new log-harmonic potential. The aim of my thesis has been to show the effectiveness of the log-harmonic potential in improving the quality of structures determined by NMR. The first part of my thesis focuses on studying the behaviour of the potential with some examples of structures well known and whose data have been manually prepared. In second part, the recalculation of 398 NMR structures has demonstrated the overall improvement of the qualit of structures calculated with the log-harmonic potential. Finally, in a third part, the study of two protein allowed identifying the properties of the log-harmonic potential for error detection in structures
Paulet, Damien. "Variation d'hydrophobicité et structure secondaire des protéines transmembranaires." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON13518/document.
Full textBackground. Few high-resolution structures of integral membranes proteins are available, as crystallization of such proteins needs yet to overcome too many technical limitations. Nevertheless, prediction oftheir transmembrane (TM) structure by bioinformatics tools provides interesting insights on the topology of these proteins.Method. We describe here how to extract new information from the analysis of hydrophobicity variations or hydrophobic pulses (HPulses) in the sequence of integral membrane proteins using the Hydrophobic Pulse Predictor, a new tool we developed for this purpose. To analyze the primary sequence of 70 integralmembrane proteins we defined two levels of analysis : G1-HPulses for sliding windows of n=2 to 6 andG2-HPulses for sliding windows of n=12 to 16.Results. The G2-HPulse analysis of 541 transmembrane helices allowed the definition of the new conceptof transmembrane unit (TMU) that groups together transmembrane helices and segments with potentialadjacent structures. In addition, the G1-HPulse analysis identified helix irregularities that correspondedto kinks, partial helices or unannotated structural events. These irregularities could represent key dynamicelements that are alternatively activated depending on the channel status as illustrated by the crystalstructures of the lactose permease in different conformations. Our results open a new way in the understanding of transmembrane secondary structures : hydrophobicity through hydrophobic pulses stronglyimpacts on such embedded structures and is not confined to define the transmembrane status of aminoacids
Beltz, Hervé. "Etude par fluorescence de l'importance des structures primaires et secondaires de la séquence cTAR et de la protéine NCp7 lors du premier saut de brin de la transcription inverse de VIH-1." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007730.
Full textGibrat, Jean-François. "Modélisation sur calculateur électronique de la structure tridimensionnelle des protéines." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066471.
Full textTran, Van-Du Thuong. "Modélisation et prédictionde la structure super-secondaire des protéines transmembranaires canaux-beta." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPXX0104.
Full textTran, Thuong Van Du. "Modélisation et prédiction de la structure super-secondaire des protéines transmembranaires canaux-beta." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00711285.
Full textMiroux, Bruno. "Analyse de la structure secondaire d'une protéine membranaire mitochondriale la protéine découplante du tissu adipeux brun." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA11T018.
Full textAllali, Julien. "Comparaison de structures secondaires d'ARN." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637131.
Full textRomanet, Patrick. "Prédiction de la structure secondaire des protéines par analyse spectrale de la séquence d'hydrophobicité." Grenoble 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10139.
Full textMurail, Samuel. "Mécanismes moléculaires des interactions ligand-protéine membranaire : étude biophysique d'un récepteur couplé aux protéines G, VPAC1, et du récepteur périphérique des benzodiazépines." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077120.
Full textThe main goal of this work has been to contribute to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying protein-ligand interaction within the membrane. The first protein studied is the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) and its ligand interest, cholesterol. PBR is involved in steroid biosynthesis, through the cholesterol translocation from the outer to the inner membrane of mitochondria. In the absence of any available structural information on PBR, our first work has been to focus on the PBR structure, by determining from NMR data the conformation of synthetic fragments encompassing the predicted transmembrane domains and then by studying the entire recombinant protein by NMR and circular dichroism. In second step, several studies combining mutagenesis and molecular modeling have be performed which allow to characterize PBR-cholesterol interaction, and the role of key residues this interaction. The second part of our work is devoted to study the interaction of the extracellular domain VPAC1, a G-protein coupled receptor, with the vasointestinal neuropeptide (VIP), which plays important role in human physiopathology. From the VIP conformation obtained by NMR a photoaffinity data, we were able to propose a molecular model of the VIP-VPAC1 interaction using docking protocols and to characterize this interaction using molecular dynamics simulation. Our result contributes to elucidate the molecular basis of VIP recognition and more generally understand the ligand-receptor interaction process of the class B family of GPCRs
Guermeur, Yann. "Combinaison de classifieurs statistiques : application à la prédiction de la structure secondaire des protéines." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066667.
Full textMartin, Juliette. "Prédiction de la structure locale des protéines par des modèles de chaîne de Markov cachées." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077154.
Full textGlouzon, Jean-Pierre Séhi. "Exploration des structures secondaires de l’ARN." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10672.
Full textBussières, Sylvain. "Étude de l'activité enzymatique, de la structure secondaire et de la liaison membranaire de la lécithine : rétinol acyltransférase." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28574/28574.pdf.
Full textFlayhan, Ali. "Reconnaissance phage-bactérie dans le système phage T5 - E. Coli : Caractérisation biochimique et structurale du complexe FhuA-pb5 et de la protéine caudale pb9." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077164.
Full textThis thesis approached the first step of infection in the System E. Coli - phage T5. My research has focused on the characterization of the complex formed between pb5, the receptor binding protein (RBP) of T5 and its receptor FhuA, on the surface of E. Coli. I showed that the complex FhuA-pb5 is very stable and determined the "plug" domain of FhuA as a novel interaction site of pb5. Complex formation does not induce major rearrangements of pb5 and/or FhuA. Only subtle conformational changes during complex formation, at the secondary structures level, were identified and assigned to pb5. These changes would be at the origin of the signal transmission to the phage. 3D crystals (8 À) and 2D crystals (3 À) were obtained. Small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering studies yielded a model of pb5 isolated and within the complex. These models are in agreement with the low resolution structure of pb5 and the complex, obtained by electron microscopy, and show that the binding interface covers the entire extracellular section of FhuA. Pb5 binds to FhuA by one of its ends in a way that its major axis and the axis of the FhuA barrel are aligned. Unlike the various RBPs described so far, pb5 seems composed of a single domain and is present in one copy at the distal end of the T5's straight fiber. Furthermore, I worked on the overexpression, purification, characterization and the structure of pb9, a protein that was located in the conical part of the tail of T5. The first experimental electron density map is obtained and the resolution of its atomic structure is underway
Bon, Michaël. "Prediction de structures secondaires d'ARN avec pseudo-noeuds." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005806.
Full textBreton, Nicolas. "Prédiction des structures secondaires séquentiellement optimales de l'ARN." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MARN0020.
Full textEngelen, Stéfan. "Algorithmes pour la prédiction de structures secondaires d'ARN." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EVRY0008.
Full textThe knowledge of RNA secondary structure is important to understand the relation between structure and function of the RNA. It is made up of a set of helices resulting from the folding of succession of a complementary base pairs. Complexities of existing algorithms is at least of O(n3). This thesis presents an algorithm, called P-DCFold, based on the comparative approach, for the prediction of RNA secondary structures with a complexity of O(n2). In this algorithm, helices are searched recursively using the "divide and conquer" approach. The selection of helices is based on thermodynamic and covariation criteria. The main problem of the comparative approach is the low quality of used alignment. So, P-DCfold use evolutionary models under structure constraints to select correctly aligned sequences. P-DCFold predicts the secondary structure of several RNA with a sensitivity of 0,85 and a sensibility of 0,95
Bon, Michael. "Prediction de structures secondaires d'ARN avec pseudo-noeuds." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/50/14/00/PDF/these_Michael_Bon.pdf.
Full textKhalil, Mireille. "Interactions et stabilité des protéines étudiées par spectroscopies infrarouge et Raman." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF011/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the study of protein-protein and protein-peptide interactions as well as the study of proteins stability by means of Raman and infrared spectroscopies. In the first part, we focused on the interactions between different adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase proteins in order to get a better understanding of the electron transfer mechanism. The second part of the thesis concerns the changes in the secondary and tertiary structure of PDZ domains in the presence and absence of peptides during complex formation. The last part is dedicated to a comparative study of hemocyanins originated from organisms living in vastly different conditions such as Limulus polyphemus and Eurypelma californicum. This part of the project concerns the effect of temperature (294-20 K) and pH on the secondary structure of proteins. Finally the influence of oxygen binding on the secondary structure and the active site of Limulus polyphemus, Eurypelma californicum and Astacus leptodactylus was investigated
Pluvinage, Benjamin. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle et structurale d'arylamine N-acétyltransférases bactériennes." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077104.
Full textArylamine N-acetyltransferases (NAT) are xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes involved in the biotransformation of aromatic drugs and pollutants. The precise role of bacterial NAT is not well known. It has been suggest they may contribute to microbial résistance to certain antibiotics. We worked on two bacterial models: Bacillus anthracis and Nocardia farcinica. B. Anthracis is one of the main infectious agents susceptible to be used in bioterrorist attack. Three sequences coding for three paralogous NAT (BaNATA, BaNATB and BaNATC) have been identified. So far, B. Anthracis appears as the sole bacterium possessing three NAT enzymes. BaNATB and BaNATC were found to be functionally active towards several aromatic substrates. Conversely, BaNATA seems to be devoid of NAT activity. Our results suggest that BaNATC could contribute to the résistance of B. Anthracis to sulfaméthoxazole (SMX). Preliminary data on BaNATC structure suggest that this enzyme displays some structural features found only in human NAT structures. N. Farcinica causes pulmonary infections in humans that resemble tuberculosis. We showed that a new NAT from this bacterium is related to the mycobacterial NAT enzymes. In particular, NfNAT was found to display high A/-acetyltransferase activity towards substrates including isoniazid (INH). Interestingly, INH is not used to cure nocardiosis. The treatment of choice is the use of SMX which was found to be poorly acetylated. The data reported in this study will help to develop our understanding of the role of NAT enzymes in nocardia and mycobacteria and may help in the rational design of NAT antagonists for a range of clinical applications
Tichit, Laurent. "Algorithmique des structures biologiques : l'édition d'arborescences pour la comparaison de structures secondaires d'ARN." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12699.
Full textVialette, Stéphane. "Aspects algorithmiques de la prédiction des structures secondaires d'ARN." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628623.
Full textKoukoutsi-Mazarakis, Valeria E. 1962. "Résidences secondaires : how Eisenman houses fictive structures of history." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75534.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 109-114).
Writing, designing and building constitute three moments in the representation and organization of reality and fiction in architecture. These three interdependent moments joined by fragile links disrupt the boundaries between architectural criticism and practice in architecture and promote interaction between the critic and the practitioner. My thesis focuses on the link between writing and designing. Peter Eisenman exemplifies the architect's transitory position between writing and designing. His interdisciplinary investigations look for architecture's other possibilities through criticism and practice, thus engaging architecture in interpretive activities.Writing will be examined not as a critical tool for design, but as an instrumental device that leads to design. On the one hand, language as a critical device explicitly grounds Eisenman's postponment of questions concerning architecture for architecture's benefit from the realm of ideas. On the other hand, its use as an instrumental device implicitly demarcates potential formal aspects of language as an agent of Eisenman's design and my own investigation in new modes of criticism of architecture. I structure this essay on a dual analysis of the case study by displacing architectural criticism from its house to another house, that of literary criticism, architecture's residence secondaire. While, architectural criticism is concerned with questions of understanding the interdependent mechanisms of form, function and ideas with respect to space, time and representation, literary criticism reveals the dislocating mechanisms of Eisenman's fictive structures of his own history in time. My interest in interactive criticisms advocates an open-ended process that writes and re-writes an event in different texts.
by Valeria E. Koukoutsi.
M.S.
Abdine, Alaa. "Développement et applications de protocole de synthèse in vitro du canal mécanosensible bactérien à large conductance pour son étude structurale par résonance magnétique nucléaire en phase solide." Paris 7, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00621192.
Full textMembrane proteins account for almost 30% of the proteome and play essential roles in many cellular mechanisms. The mechanosensitive channel of large conductance mscl is an intrinsic membrane protein of the inner membrane of escherichia coli. This protein acts as a valve pressure, in a hypo-osmotic down-shock, to prevent the bacterial lysis. In this work, a study of the structural characteristics of mscl in its native environment, the lipid bilayer, by nuclear magnetic resonance in the solid-state is presented. A major problem in determining the three-dimensional structure of membrane proteins by this technique is their overexpression and the analysis of carbon-carbon correlations from uniformly labelled samples. The analysis of mscl by solid-state nmr with a uniform labelling showed spectra with a good resolution, but the overlapping of the correlations prevented any identification or assignment of the residues. We showed that selective labelling of the membrane protein mscl by using cell-free synthesis represents a crucial help in improving data sets obtained by nmr in the solid-state. Singe the amino acids chemical shifts show a big overlapping, different strategies to choose specific labelling patterns to cet well-resolved spectra were developed. These strategies are based on chemical shifts prediction, or sequence analysis to isolate unique amino acid pairs. A combined approach was testee. These different approaches showed spectra with a good resolution, and facilitated the identification of amino acids in some cases
Nogaret, Sophie. "Etude par RMN de macromolécules biologiques : étude structurale de la protéine CGC-19 impliquée dans la biosynthèse d’un métabolite secondaire, la congocidine chez Streptomyces Ambofaciens. Développement d’inhibiteurs des Bcl-2, protéines modulatrices de l’apoptose." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA114848.
Full textMy PhD thesis contains two parts: development of ligands against anti-apoptotic proteins and structural study of CGC proteins involved in the biosynthesis of congocidine, a Streptomyces Ambofaciens secondary metabolite.The first project concerns the NMR study of the interactions between the anti-apoptotic proteins and two potential ligand candidates, the Meiogynine and the Drimane. These two terpenoïds, identified from ICSN’s chemical library screening against the Bcl-xL protein, have shown a significant inhibiting activity, thus opening promising perspectives for the treatment of cancer cells overexpressing anti-apoptotic proteins. In fact, as these compounds are considerably smaller than the binding site, our objective is to introduce modifications (such as elongation of their structure, functionalization with hydrophilic groups etc.) that may improve their binding properties as well as their delivery and bioavailability.Following to the successful recombinant expression and purification, necessary to obtain labelled targets (15N/13C), our preliminary NMR studies suggested a rather universal action of our candidates, capable to bind not only to Bcl-xL but also to the other major anti-apoptotic protein, Mcl-1. Titration experiments revealed significant perturbations of the HSQC protein NMR spectra with the progressive disappearance of several protein HN and ligand signals, confirming dissociation constants at the µM region for both targets. However, the intermediate chemical exchange NMR regime observed, associated with the weak ligand solubility, poses severe difficulties for the structural elucidation of the complexes by classical NMR methods.In this work alternative approaches for the localisation of the ligands in the hydrophobic cleft of both target proteins will be presented.Oligopyrroles are secondary metabolites synthesized by Streptomyces bacteria. This family of natural products, composed by one or more pyrrole-2-carboxamide groups is characterized by a variety of biological activities such as antiviral, antitumor and antibiotic functions.One of the best-known metabolites is the congocidine, extensively studied due to its capacity to bind into the minor groove of the DNA double helix, with strong sequence specificity. However, because of its strong toxicity, this molecule cannot be directly used for therapeutic purposes.The analysis of the groups of genes involved in congocidine biosynthesis brought to light 24 genes, but their precise role is not yet well defined. We were particularly interested in two enzymes: the proteins called CGC-10 and CGC-19. For the recombinant expression of the first one, we designed an optimized insert which was cloned in an expression vector pQE30.Concerning CGC-19, the stages of expression and purification, which allowed us to obtain doubly-labeled protein, as well as the 3D NMR experiments for spectral assignment and structure elucidation, will be discussed.Furthermore, we were interested in the holo- state of this protein obtained through a post-traductional modification (phosphopanthéténylation). To this, we produced the enzyme responsible for this modification, Sfp, carry out the reaction in vitro and follow the effect of the modification at the NMR spectra
Couppez, Maurice. "Les histones H2A, H2B, H3 et H4 : préparation, fragments, structure secondaire, immunologie, interaction avec l'ADN, acétylation." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL12034.
Full textLe, Lan Charlotte. "Propriétés structurales de la cavéoline-1 et interactions à l'interface membranaire." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077055.
Full textCaveolin-1 (21kDa) is the main component of specific microdomain of the plasma membrane, enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, called caveolae. These structures play a role in many cellular processes. A protein-protein and lipid-protein interactions networks occur within these structures. The main goal of this work bas been to contribute to elucidate the molecular basis of the interactions networks between caveolin-1, lipids and proteins, in order to understand the structure and multifunctional role of caveolae. In the absence of any available structural information at the atomic level on any components of caveolae to describe these networks, our first work has been to focus on the structure of the main caveolae component, i. E caveolin-1 and more particularly the membrane attachment domain N-MAD or CSD (including CRAC motif) and the intra -membrane domain. One of our goals was to obtain a large quantity of these domains to perform an NMR study. To this aim chemical synthesis and biochemical synthesis were used. Our work has provided the fîrst structural data and interaction with lipids of caveolin-1 fragment, CSD and CRAC in various membrane mimics. NMR structural study of the synthetic fragment including CSD and the hydrophobic domain highlights two a helical regions (82 to 102 and 115 to 120)
Tchoumatchenko, Irina. "Extraction des règles logiques dans des réseaux de neurones formels : application a la prédiction de la structure secondaire des protéines." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066448.
Full textSotomayor, Perez Ana Cristina. "Biophysical characterization of the calcium-induced folding of the RTX motifs from the Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077185.
Full textRepeat in ToXin (RTX) motifs are nonapeptide sequences found among numerous virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria. In the presence of calcium, these RTX motifs are able to fold into an idiosyncratic structure called the parallel β-roll. The adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) produced by Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, is one of the best-characterized RTX cytolysins. CyaA contains a C-terminal receptor domain (RD) that mediates toxin binding to the eukaryotic cell receptor. RD is composed of about 40 RTX motifs organized in 5 successive blocks (called I to V). The RTX blocks are separated by non-RTX flanking regions of variable lengths. It has been shown that the block V with its N- and C-terminal flanking regions, constitutes an autonomous domain required for the toxicity of CyaA. Here, we investigated the calcium-induced biophysical changes of this domain to identify the respective contributions of the flanking regions to the folding process of the RTX motifs. We showed that the RTX polypeptides, in the absence of calcium, exhibited the hallmarks of intrinsically disordered proteins and that the C-terminal flanking region was critical for the calcium-dependent folding of the RTX polypeptides, while the N-terminal flanking region was not involved. Furthermore, the secondary and tertiary structures were acquired concomitantly upon cooperative binding of several calcium ions. This suggests that the RTX polypeptide folding is a two state reaction, from a calcium-free unfolded state to a folded and compact conformation in which the calcium-bound RTX motifs adopt a P-roll structure. These results have direct impact in the toxin secretion
Campagna, Sylvie. "Hydrolyse en milieu émulsionné et étude de la relation structure/fonction du PP3 de lait bovin." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10281.
Full textRaut, François. "Analyse et modélisation des structures de protéines." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10516.
Full textFredj, Asma. "Élaboration de protéines fluorescentes ayant un fort potentiel en imagerie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785092.
Full textLamouroux, Arthur. "Foldamères d’oligoamides aromatiques pour le développement de structures secondaires bio-inspirées." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0421/document.
Full textTo mimic the particular folding of the biomolecules’ three-dimensional structures, chemists have developed artificial oligomers that fold into a compact and well-defined structures in solution: foldamers. Nevertheless, the variety of isolated secondary structures of foldamers is not equal to those of biomolecules. The association of different sequences of aromatic oligoamide having distinct secondary structures allowed the development of well-defined helix-sheet-helix architectures in which subcomponents conserve their respective integrity. These unique basket-like objects possess an open-window within the foldamer backbone in which a molecular guest can be accommodate. As a proof of concept, guest binding to one of these structures was found to be fast on the NMR time scale. Then, the development of oligoamide aromatic strands made of monomer encoding for low curvature has allowed to obtain double helices structures. These self-assembled structures showing high molecular weights present a nanometer scale diameter. Eventually, these oligomeric strands were coupled to artificial turn units to obtain β-barrels-like architectures having a large polar cavity. These approaches open the access to the design of ever more complex molecular objects beyond the chemistry of biomolecules
Herrbach, Claire. "Etude algorithmique et statistique de la comparaison des structures secondaires d'ARN." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13432.
Full textCampos, Manuel. "Analyse structurale et fonctionnelle du pseudopilus assemblé par le système de sécrétion de type II de Klebsiella oxytoca." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077139.
Full textMany Gram-negative bacteria secrete specific proteins to the extracellular milieu via the type II secretion Systems (T2SS). Under specific conditions, T2SS assemble pili on the bacterial surface, composed of pseudopilins. These dynamic filaments, called the pseudopili, are localized in the periplasm and play an essential role in protein secretion. They could act as a piston to push the protein substrate through the channel in the outer membrane, or drive conformational changes of secretion System components involved in the channel gating. The objective of this work was to determine the structure and understand the assembly of the pseudopilus from the pullulanase-specific T2SS of Klebsiella oxytoca. PulG is the main subunit of the pseudopilus. Pseudo-atomic resolution models were generated by a new flexible docking procedure, using ambiguous distance restraints. Predicted electrostatic interactions were validated by introducing single deleterious and double compensatory charge inversions. Extensive mutational analysis of the major pseudopilin PulG led to the isolation of variants allowing for uncoupling secretion and piliation, or affected in early steps of their biogenesis. In addition, inter-residue distances in the pilus core were probed using double cysteine substitutions in the PulG TMS, followed by cross-linking. This approach allowed us not only to validate the models, but also provided a biochemical tool to probe the assembly of the so-far elusive periplasmic pseudopilus. Using covalent cross-linking we could test the role of different T2SS components in thé pseudopilus biogenesis
Loret, Erwann-Philippe. "Spécificité et structures secondaires des toxines de scorpions actives sur les insectes." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22004.
Full textDeplano, Valérie. "Ecoulement tridimensionnel dans une bifurcation de section rectangulaire : structures secondaires et instabilités." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX22091.
Full textRasolohery, Inès. "Développement d'une méthode pour la détection de cibles secondaires de ligands." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC172/document.
Full textDetection of putative off-targets for a ligand requires to search for some similarbinding sites onto other proteins surface. In order to achieve this goal, we developeda tool named PatchSearch. This program compares a query patch, whichcontains the binding site, with the surface a potentially targeted protein. Patch-Search’s algorithm is based on an original method searching for some quasi-cliquesin a graph product, which identifies some atoms both in the patch and in the surfacewith conserved physicochemical properties and in similar configurations. Weshow that PatchSearch efficiently finds known patches on protein surfaces. Moreover,application of PatchSearch on flexible proteins shows that, unlike the classiccliques approach, quasi-cliques method allows to find both rigid and flexible partsof the patches. PatchSearch gets similar results compared to the other binding sitecomparison tools. We also applied PatchSearch to find patches binding polypharmacologicaldrugs involved in cancer treatment, in order to identify them on knownoff targets. Our experiments suggest to employ PatchSearch in off-targets detectionprocess
Gomes, Benros Cristina. "Analyse et prédiction des structures tridimensionnelles locales des protéines." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077090.
Full textBar, Aileen. "Étude structurale et fonctionnelle de l’élément NRS régulateur négatif de l’épissage de l’ARN du virus du Sarcome de Rous." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10153/document.
Full textRetroviruses require both spliced and unspliced RNAs for productive replication. Accumulation of unspliced RNA in Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) depends on the NRS element, (Negative Regulator of Splicing). The NRS element is bipartite. Its 5’ terminal part is considered as an ESE that binds SR proteins and its 3’ part contains a decoy 5’-splice site (ss), which inhibits splicing at the bona fide 5’ ss. Only the 3D structure of a small NRS fragment including the decoy 5’ ss had been experimentally studied. Here, by chemical and enzymatic probing of entire RSV NRS, we determine its 2D structure. By comparative analysis of 2D structures of functional and non-functional avian NRS variants and of all sequenced avian NRSs, we bring strong arguments for a biological significance of the established structure. By in vitro splicing assays, we show a crucial role of two of the established stem-loop structures and by affinity purification of complexes formed by WT and truncated NRSs in HeLa cell nuclear extract, we demonstrate their importance for SR protein and U1 snRNP association. We define a new small NRS element retaining splicing inhibitory properties and finally demonstrate the capability of the SR protein 9G8 to increase NRS activity in vitro and in cellulo
Deléage, Gilbert. "Méthodes de prédiction de la structure secondaire des protéines : application à un modèle l'ATPase F1 mitochondriale : études des propriétés électriques et optiques de l'ATPase F1." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10080.
Full textArce, Lopera Jaime. "Les protéines membranaires, leurs hélices et leur repliement : analyses sur les structures expérimentales connues." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22049.pdf.
Full textMembrane proteins function in an anisotropic and heterogeneous environment. This environment can be divided in several distinct zones which have different influences on the structure of membrane proteins. Therefore, I created and analysed a database of membrane proteins of known structure annotated beyond usual standards. After validating the structural annotation, I show that the different structural elements that constitute these proteins display marked composition biases that probably derive from the environment's influence. An exam of the helix bundle organisation in our database is enough to see that understanding each individual interaction between helices is difficult. That is why I created Ptuba, a program to project the helices, in order to concentrate, accumulate or modify information from many sources to render it more comprehensible and thus useable. The two step model establishes that the network of interactions between transmembrane helices drive the assembly of membrane proteins. I tested this hypothesis by the analysis of interaction energies between elements in our database. The result is that this model works for interactions within chains but not for interactions between chains. The reason behind this difference is a population bias in the type of interactions involved. In fact, although two different types of interactions exist, it is not their nature but the relative population of these interactions that gives rise to the difference in interactions between chains. This analysis of the nature and assembly of different structural elements in membrane proteins improves our comprehension of the stabilty of these proteins and could evently be used in annotation or structure prediction methods